Tooling and broaching machine for taper hole keyway

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of keyway forming technology, specifically a broaching fixture for tapered keyways. It includes a connecting plate and a shaft plate. The shaft plate has a mandrel with a truncated cone structure and a through broaching groove. The connecting plate has a fixing hole for connection to the broaching machine. The connecting plate includes a first end face and a second end face. The centerline of the fixing hole is perpendicular to the second end face. The angle between the first and second end faces is β, and the angle between the tapered hole of the workpiece is α, satisfying α = 2β. This fixture is installed on a horizontal broaching machine, achieving convenient and high-precision machining of keyways parallel to the generatrix of the tapered hole.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to keyway forming technology, specifically a tooling for machining tapered keyways. Background Technology

[0002] The generatrix of a cylindrical hole coincides with its centerline, making the broaching of keyways and the fabrication of tooling relatively convenient. However, the generatrix of a tapered hole is not parallel to its centerline. When the keyway to be machined is parallel to the generatrix of the tapered hole, the angle between the keyway and the centerline makes broaching and tooling fabrication less convenient. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a broaching machine fixture that facilitates the keyway drawing process when the generatrix of the keyway and the center line of the tapered hole are parallel.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A broaching fixture for a tapered keyway includes a connecting plate and a shaft plate. The shaft plate is provided with a mandrel with a frustum-shaped cone structure and a through broach groove. The connecting plate is provided with a fixing hole for connecting to the broaching machine. The connecting plate includes a first end face and a second end face. The centerline of the fixing hole is perpendicular to the second end face. The angle between the first end face and the second end face is β. The angle between the tapered hole of the workpiece is α, and the angle satisfies α=2β.

[0006] Preferably, the connecting plate and the shaft plate are separate structures.

[0007] Preferably, the connecting plate is provided with a first hole and a second hole, wherein the diameter of the first hole is smaller than that of the second hole, the first hole is closer to the first end face side, and the second hole is closer to the second end face side.

[0008] Preferably, the center lines of the first hole and the second hole are perpendicular to the first end face.

[0009] Preferably, the shaft plate is provided with a positioning part and a step part, and the positioning part is located between the mandrel and the step part.

[0010] Preferably, there is a third end face between the positioning part and the mandrel, the outer end face of the stepped part is a fourth end face, and the angle between the third end face and the fourth end face is β.

[0011] Preferably, the center lines of the mandrel, the positioning part, and the step part coincide, the center lines of the mandrel, the positioning part, and the step part are perpendicular to the third end face, and the center line of the broach groove is perpendicular to the fourth end face.

[0012] Preferably, the positioning part is adapted to the first hole, the diameter of the stepped part is larger than the diameter of the first hole, and the diameter of the stepped part is smaller than the diameter of the second hole.

[0013] Preferably, the assembly also includes locating pins. The inner walls of holes one and two on the connecting plate are provided with pin holes with parallel axes, and the outer surfaces of the locating part and the stepped part are provided with pin holes two with parallel axes. The locating pins pass through pin holes one and two to fix the connecting plate and the shaft plate together. After assembly, the rotation angle between the connecting plate and the shaft plate is guaranteed, reducing the installation deflection angle, improving installation accuracy, and ensuring that the generatrix of the keyway and the tapered hole are parallel.

[0014] A tapered keyway broaching machine, including a tapered keyway broaching machine fixture, the tapered keyway broaching machine is equipped with a broaching plate, the broaching plate is provided with threaded holes, the fixing holes are adapted to the threaded holes, and the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the broaching plate by bolts, fixing holes, and threaded holes.

[0015] Advantages of this utility model:

[0016] The positioning part and the step part are installed in hole one and hole two respectively. The design of the step stop not only realizes axial positioning to ensure reliable installation, but also improves the positioning of the connecting plate and the shaft plate, and improves the coaxiality of the installation to ensure the accuracy of the subsequent keyway process.

[0017] The angles between the first and second end faces, and between the third and fourth end faces, are all equal to half the angle of the tapered hole. The position with the smallest width on the step is located in the center of the broach groove. The position with the smallest width on the step corresponds to the position with the smallest thickness of the connecting plate. After installation, the bottom of the broach groove is horizontal, ensuring the machining accuracy requirements of the keyway.

[0018] The split structure makes keyway machining on the workpiece more convenient. When used for tapered keyways, the workpiece only needs to be fitted onto the mandrel. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 Here are the three views of the shaft plate;

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Right view of the main view of the central plate;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional view of the shaft plate;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a front view of the fourth end face of the shaft plate;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a front view of the second end face of the connecting plate;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a sectional view of the connecting plate along direction AA;

[0027] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional view of the connecting plate;

[0028] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional view of the installation of Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of Embodiment 2 of the present utility model;

[0031] Figure 13 This is a structural diagram of the connecting plate in Example 2;

[0032] Figure 14 This is a structural diagram of the shaft plate in Example 2;

[0033] Figure 15 This is a sectional view of the workpiece.

[0034] Figure 16 This is an application state diagram of Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0035] Figure 17 This is a structural diagram of embodiment three of the present utility model.

[0036] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram showing that the bottom line of the broach groove is parallel to the mandrel generatrix.

[0037] In the diagram: 1. Connecting plate; 2. Shaft plate; 3. Broaching plate; 4. Workpiece; 5. Broach; 6. Broaching chuck; 7. Positioning pin; 11. Hole 1; 12. Hole 2; 13. Fixing hole; 14. First end face; 15. Second end face; 21. Mandrel; 22. Positioning part; 23. Step part; 24. Broach groove; 71. Pin hole 1; 72. Pin hole 2; 221. Third end face; 231. Fourth end face. Detailed Implementation

[0038] Example 1

[0039] like Figure 1-10 As shown in Figure 18, the tapered keyway broaching fixture includes a connecting plate 1 and a shaft plate 2, which are separate structures. The shaft plate 2 is provided with a mandrel 21 of a frustum-shaped structure and a through broach groove 24. The connecting plate 1 is provided with a fixing hole 13 for connection to the broaching machine. The connecting plate 1 includes a first end face 14 and a second end face 15, and the centerline of the fixing hole 13 is perpendicular to the second end face 15.

[0040] The connecting plate 1 is provided with a hole 11 and a hole 12. The diameter of the hole 11 is smaller than that of the hole 12. The hole 11 is closer to the first end face 14, and the hole 12 is closer to the second end face 15.

[0041] The centerlines of holes 11 and 12 are perpendicular to the first end face 14. The shaft plate 2 is provided with a positioning part 22 and a stepped part 23, with the positioning part 22 located between the mandrel 21 and the stepped part 23. The angle between the first end face 14 and the second end face 15 is β, and the angle between the tapered hole of the workpiece is α, satisfying α=2β. A third end face 221 is located between the positioning part 22 and the mandrel 21. The outer end face of the stepped part 23 is a fourth end face 231, and the angle between the third end face 221 and the fourth end face 231 is β. The centerlines of the mandrel 21, the positioning part 22, and the stepped part 23 coincide, and the centerlines of the mandrel 21, the positioning part 22, and the stepped part 23 are perpendicular to the third end face 221. The centerline of the broach groove 24 is perpendicular to the fourth end face 231. The positioning part 22 is adapted to the hole 11, the diameter of the step part 23 is larger than the diameter of the hole 11, and the diameter of the step part 23 is smaller than the diameter of the hole 12.

[0042] The positioning part 22 and the step part 23 are respectively installed in the first hole 11 and the second hole 12. The design of the step stop not only realizes axial positioning to ensure reliable installation, but also improves the positioning of the connecting plate 1 and the shaft plate 2, and improves the coaxiality of the installation to ensure the accuracy of the subsequent keyway process.

[0043] The angles between the first end face 14 and the second end face 15, and between the third end face 221 and the fourth end face 231, are both equal to half the angle of the tapered hole. The narrowest point on the stepped portion 23 is located at the center of the broach groove 24. The narrowest point on the stepped portion 23 corresponds to the narrowest point on the connecting plate 1. After installation, the bottom of the broach groove 24 is horizontal, ensuring the machining accuracy requirements of the keyway. The taper of the mandrel 21 before machining the broach groove 24 matches the taper of the workpiece 4, ensuring reliable connection in subsequent machining stages. The split structure makes keyway machining of the workpiece 4 more convenient. When used for tapered hole keyways, it is only necessary to fit the workpiece 4 onto the mandrel 21.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] like Figures 12 to 14 As shown, based on Embodiment 1, the connecting plate 1 is provided with a first pin hole 71, the shaft plate 2 is provided with a second pin hole 72, and a positioning pin 7 is also included. The inner wall of the first hole 11 and the inner wall of the second hole 12 of the connecting plate 1 are provided with pin holes 71 with parallel axes. The outer surface of the positioning part 22 and the step part 23 are provided with pin holes 72 with parallel axes. The positioning pin 7 passes through the first pin hole 71 and the second pin hole 72 to fix the connecting plate 1 and the shaft plate 2.

[0046] Example 3

[0047] like Figure 17 As shown, the difference from Embodiment 1 is that the connecting plate 1 and the shaft plate 2 are an integral structure.

[0048] Example 4

[0049] like Figure 11 , 15 As shown in Figure 16, the tapered keyway broaching machine includes the tapered keyway broaching machine tooling of Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2. The tapered keyway broaching machine is provided with a broaching plate 3, and the broaching plate 3 is provided with threaded holes. The fixing hole 13 is adapted to the threaded hole. The connecting plate 1 and the broaching plate 3 are fixedly connected by bolts, fixing hole 13 and threaded hole.

[0050] Figure 10 In the middle, the first end face 14 is in a vertical position.

[0051] Installation status as follows Figure 11 As shown, the second end face 15 is attached to the end face of the broaching machine plate 3. At this time, the second end face 15 is in a vertical installation state, and the bottom surface of the broach groove 24 is in a horizontal state, so that the keyway machining process can be performed.

[0052] like Figure 16 As shown, during the tapered keyway broaching process, the workpiece 4 is fitted onto the mandrel 21. The broach 5 is inserted from the workpiece 4 side through the broach groove 24 to the vicinity of the broaching chuck 6 connected to the hydraulic cylinder of the broaching machine. The broaching chuck 6 engages with the broach 5, thus connecting the broach 5 to the broaching hydraulic cylinder. When the broaching machine is started, the hydraulic cylinder drives the broach 5 to move linearly in the horizontal direction, thereby machining the keyway in the tapered inner hole of the workpiece 4.

[0053] The broaching machine in this application is a horizontal broaching machine, which is a metal cutting machine tool used to machine holes or keyways. During machining, the workpiece generally remains stationary, while the broach performs linear cutting motion.

[0054] To ensure the keyway is parallel to the generatrix of the tapered hole, the mandrel is sized to match the tapered hole. This is achieved by aligning the bottom line of the broach groove with the mandrel's generatrix, thus fulfilling the dimensional and precision requirements. The second end face on the connecting plate and the fourth end face on the shaft plate can be milled. The broach groove on the shaft plate is machined using wire EDM; a wire-cutting hole is drilled within the broach groove area before wire EDM.

Claims

1. A broaching fixture for a tapered keyway, comprising a connecting plate (1) and a shaft plate (2), characterized in that, The shaft plate (2) is provided with a mandrel (21) with a truncated cone structure. The shaft plate (2) is provided with a through broach groove (24). The connecting plate (1) is provided with a fixing hole (13) for connection with the broaching machine. The connecting plate (1) includes a first end face (14) and a second end face (15). The center line of the fixing hole (13) is perpendicular to the second end face (15). The included angle between the first end face (14) and the second end face (15) is β. The included angle between the tapered hole of the workpiece is α. The included angle satisfies α=2β.

2. The broaching fixture for tapered keyways according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting plate (1) and the shaft plate (2) are separate structures.

3. The broaching fixture for tapered keyways according to claim 2, characterized in that, The connecting plate (1) is provided with a hole one (11) and a hole two (12). The diameter of the hole one (11) is smaller than that of the hole two (12). The hole one (11) is closer to the first end face (14) and the hole two (12) is closer to the second end face (15).

4. The broaching fixture for tapered keyways according to claim 3, characterized in that, The center lines of the first hole (11) and the second hole (12) are perpendicular to the first end face (14).

5. The taper hole keyway broaching fixture according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that, The shaft plate (2) is provided with a positioning part (22) and a step part (23), and the positioning part (22) is located between the spindle (21) and the step part (23).

6. The broaching fixture for tapered keyways according to claim 5, characterized in that, There is a third end face (221) between the positioning part (22) and the spindle (21), and the outer end face of the step part (23) is a fourth end face (231). The included angle between the third end face (221) and the fourth end face (231) is β.

7. The broaching fixture for a tapered keyway according to claim 6, characterized in that, The center lines of the mandrel (21), the positioning part (22) and the step part (23) coincide, the center lines of the mandrel (21), the positioning part (22) and the step part (23) are perpendicular to the third end face (221), and the center line of the broach groove (24) is perpendicular to the fourth end face (231).

8. The broaching fixture for a tapered keyway according to claim 7, characterized in that, The positioning part (22) is adapted to the first hole (11), the diameter of the step part (23) is larger than the diameter of the first hole (11), and the diameter of the step part (23) is smaller than the diameter of the second hole (12).

9. The broaching fixture for a tapered keyway according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes a positioning pin (7), and the inner walls of the first hole (11) and the second hole (12) of the connecting plate (1) are provided with a pin hole (71) with parallel axis. The outer surfaces of the positioning part (22) and the step part (23) are provided with a pin hole (72) with parallel axis. The positioning pin (7) passes through the pin hole (71) and the pin hole (72) to fix the connecting plate (1) and the shaft plate (2).

10. A tapered keyway broaching machine, characterized in that, The tooling for a tapered keyway broaching machine as described in any one of claims 5 to 9 includes a broaching plate (3) on which a threaded hole is provided, a fixing hole (13) that is adapted to the threaded hole, and a connecting plate (1) that is fixedly connected to the broaching plate (3) by bolts, fixing hole (13) and threaded hole.

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