Cleaning device for tailing conveying belt

Abstract

The utility model discloses a cleaning device for a tailing conveying belt. The cleaning device is arranged at the end of the discharging side of the conveying belt. Comprising a first-stage sweeping mechanism, a second-stage sweeping mechanism and a third-stage sweeping mechanism which are sequentially arranged in the running direction of a conveying belt, the first-stage sweeping mechanism is provided with a polyurethane scraper blade with the fitting degree adjustable and an outer curved surface part arranged at the end of the conveying belt, and the second-stage sweeping mechanism is provided with a T-shaped metal scraper. The third-stage cleaning mechanism comprises a high-pressure washing assembly, a cleaning brush and a water scraping assembly which are sequentially arranged. The second-stage cleaning mechanism and the third-stage cleaning mechanism are arranged on the lower surface of the plane part in front of the first set of return stroke carrier rollers of the return stroke section of the conveying belt. The three stages of cleaning mechanisms are arranged on the return stroke section of the conveying belt to sequentially remove slurry, coarse sand, fine sand, surface texture of the conveying belt and residual particles in pits, the surface of the conveying belt is cleaned in a grading mode, the cleaning effect is excellent, abrasion of the surface of the return stroke carrier roller is effectively avoided, the service life is prolonged, and the maintenance cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of conveyor belt surface cleaning technology, and specifically relates to a cleaning device for tailings conveyor belts. Background Technology

[0002] In mineral processing, the waste remaining after the removal of useful mineral components is called tailings. Tailings generally exist in the form of a slurry mixed with particulate matter, including large-diameter coarse sand, small-diameter fine sand, and microparticles. Tailings discharge is relatively large and is usually discharged to tailings silos using rubber conveyor belts. The following problems are often encountered during the conveying process: Due to the viscosity of tailings, they easily adhere to the surface of the conveyor belt, especially under the influence of gravity from above, which not only occupies effective conveying space but also increases the load on the drive motor. In existing mining production processes, most methods remove adhering material by installing one or two stages of plastic scrapers at the ends of the conveyor belt that are in close contact with the belt surface. This cleaning method can remove most of the adhering material from the conveyor belt surface, but because both the plastic scrapers and the conveyor belt have a certain degree of deformation, fine sand and microparticles can easily pass through the gaps between the scrapers and the conveyor belt, making it difficult to effectively clean the conveyor belt surface. Furthermore, after prolonged use, the conveyor belt surface is easily worn down by tailings impacts, resulting in pits and dents. This causes mud and fine particles to accumulate in these pits, making them difficult to remove effectively. When the conveyor belt returns after unloading, the remaining mud and fine particles on the surface easily rub against the idler rollers, leading to accelerated wear on the roller surfaces, shortening their service life, and increasing maintenance costs. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to propose a cleaning device for tailings conveyor belts, in order to solve the problem that existing conveyor belt cleaning devices cannot effectively clean the fine sand adhering to the surface of the conveyor belt, as well as the mud and fine particles deposited in the pits and depressions, which leads to wear on the return idlers and increased maintenance costs.

[0004] This utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0005] This utility model proposes a cleaning device for tailings conveyor belts, which is located at the end of the tailings conveyor belt on the unloading side; it includes a first-level cleaning mechanism, a second-level cleaning mechanism and a third-level cleaning mechanism arranged sequentially along the running direction of the conveyor belt, wherein the first-level cleaning mechanism is located on the outer curved surface of the end of the conveyor belt, and the second-level cleaning mechanism and the third-level cleaning mechanism are located on the lower surface of the return section of the conveyor belt and are both located before the first set of return idlers;

[0006] The primary cleaning mechanism includes a first mounting frame, a first support shaft, a polyurethane scraper, and an adjustment component. The first mounting frame is fixed to the conveyor belt support structure and is used to fix the first support shaft. The polyurethane scraper is fixedly installed on the first support shaft, and the end of the polyurethane scraper is closely attached to the outer surface of the conveyor belt end. The adjustment component is located at both ends of the first support shaft and is used to adjust the degree of contact between the polyurethane scraper and the conveyor belt.

[0007] The secondary cleaning mechanism includes a second mounting frame, a second support shaft, a metal scraper assembly, and a scraper seat. The second mounting frame is fixed to the conveyor belt support structure and is used to fix the second support shaft. The metal scraper assembly is fixed to the second support shaft through the scraper seat. The metal scraper assembly includes a connecting rod and a T-shaped scraper vertically connected to its end. During operation, the end of the T-shaped scraper is in close contact with the lower surface of the return section of the conveyor belt.

[0008] The three-stage cleaning mechanism includes a high-pressure flushing assembly, a cleaning brush, and a squeegee assembly. The high-pressure flushing assembly includes a high-pressure water pipe and two high-pressure nozzles. The ends of the high-pressure nozzles are flat strip-shaped openings that cover the entire transverse width of the conveyor section. The high-pressure nozzles are located on both sides of the cleaning brush and are used to flush the return section surface of the conveyor belt. The squeegee assembly includes a third mounting bracket, a third support shaft, and a squeegee. The third mounting bracket is fixed to the conveyor belt support structure and is used to fix the third support shaft. The squeegee is fixedly installed on the third support shaft, and the end of the squeegee is in close contact with the return section surface of the conveyor belt.

[0009] Based on the above technical solution, by sequentially setting a primary cleaning mechanism on the return section after unloading the conveyor belt to remove most of the mud and coarse sand in the residual tailings, a secondary cleaning mechanism to scrape off the residual fine sand, and a tertiary cleaning mechanism to high-pressure wash and scrape water to remove residual particles on the surface texture and pits of the conveyor belt, the conveyor belt surface is thoroughly cleaned, effectively reducing wear on the return idler roller surface, extending service life, and reducing maintenance costs.

[0010] Preferably, the polyurethane scraper has a crescent-shaped structure with an upwardly convex arc on its upper surface. The installation angle α between the contact point of the polyurethane scraper and the surface of the conveyor belt and the horizontal center line of the roller at the end of the conveyor belt is set to 15~30°. This design helps to ensure the fit between the polyurethane scraper and the surface of the conveyor belt, prevents the contact area between the scraper and the conveyor belt from being too large, reduces frictional resistance, and extends the service life of the scraper. At the same time, it facilitates the smooth sliding of the scraped mud and coarse sand, avoiding accumulation that affects the cleaning effect.

[0011] Preferably, the adjustment assembly includes an adjustment base and a pretensioner. The adjustment base is fixedly mounted on the first support shaft, and a support plate extends outward from the adjustment base. The pretensioner includes an adjustment shaft and an adjustment spring. The upper end of the adjustment shaft passes through the first mounting frame and has a fixing bolt at its end. The lower end passes through the support plate and has an adjustment bolt at its end. The adjustment spring is located between the first mounting frame and the fixing bolt and is sleeved on the adjustment shaft. The purpose of this design is to adjust the contact pressure between the polyurethane scraper and the conveyor belt surface by adjusting the pretensioner to drive the first support shaft to rotate at a certain angle, thereby ensuring that the scraper and the conveyor belt surface always maintain the best contact state.

[0012] Preferably, the scraper seat is made of a micro-elastic material. The scraper seat includes a mounting part and a clamping part. The mounting part is located above the clamping part and is used to install the metal scraper assembly. The clamping part forms an inner cavity with an open lower end. The second support shaft is tightly embedded in the inner cavity. The connecting rod of the metal scraper assembly is inclined upward. During operation, under the combined action of the conveyor belt and the scraper seat, the T-shaped scraper end of the metal scraper assembly is tightly attached to the surface of the conveyor belt. This design utilizes the downward force of the conveyor belt on the metal scraper assembly and the reverse micro-elastic recovery deformation tendency of the scraper seat to ensure that the scraper is tightly attached to the surface of the conveyor belt, thereby effectively removing fine sand residue and improving the effect of secondary cleaning.

[0013] More preferably, the upward tilt angle β of the connecting rod is determined according to the elastic deformation of the scraper seat, and the tilt angle β is set to 15~20°. The purpose of this setting is to avoid deformation caused by elastic failure of the scraper seat or excessive stress on the connecting rod.

[0014] Preferably, the scraper holder has several independent units arranged closely along the second support axis. Each scraper holder is equipped with one or two sets of metal scraper assemblies. This design helps to disperse the internal stress of the scraper holder, avoid excessive internal stress causing damage, and prevent excessive downward resistance of the metal scraper assembly, which could lead to the T-shaped scraper sticking too tightly to the conveyor belt and causing damage to the conveyor belt surface. It also facilitates the segmented adjustment of the fit of the metal scraper assembly, better adapts to the slight undulations on the conveyor belt surface, and ensures uniform and long-lasting cleaning effect.

[0015] More preferably, two sets of metal scraper assemblies are installed on each scraper seat. The T-shaped scrapers of each set of metal scraper assemblies are staggered along the running direction of the conveyor belt, and the two sides of adjacent T-shaped scrapers partially overlap on the projection surface. This design facilitates the formation of double-row staggered cleaning surfaces, resulting in more comprehensive coverage, effectively avoiding cleaning blind spots, and improving overall cleaning efficiency.

[0016] Preferably, the third mounting bracket is U-shaped, with a vertically threaded screw inside. A limiting nut is provided on the screw, and a mounting seat for a third support shaft is provided below the limiting nut. A support spring with a preset preload is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the mounting seat. The support spring is sleeved on the outside of the screw and is used to support and finely adjust the height of the mounting seat. This design ensures that the mounting seat and the limiting nut are tightly fitted by the support spring with a preset preload, and then the third support shaft keeps the wiper blade in close contact with the surface of the conveyor belt, ensuring that the wiper blade effectively removes residual water from the surface of the conveyor belt and avoids conveyor belt slippage caused by residual water.

[0017] Preferably, a pressure roller is provided on the upper surface of the return section of the conveyor belt at a position corresponding to the cleaning brush. The pressure roller is used to keep the conveyor belt in contact with the cleaning brush at all times, so that the cleaning brush can effectively clean residual stains in textures and pits.

[0018] Furthermore, a drying mechanism is provided behind the three-stage cleaning mechanism. The drying mechanism includes a hot air blower, an air duct, and an air outlet structure. The hot air blower provides hot air to the air outlet structure through the air duct. The air outlet structure spans the entire transverse width of the conveyor belt. The air outlet structure has an air outlet slit on the side facing the conveyor belt surface. After the hot air passes through the air outlet slit, it forms a hot air knife to blow and dry the surface of the conveyor belt, so as to further accelerate the evaporation of moisture on the surface of the conveyor belt and ensure that the cleaned conveyor belt quickly returns to a dry state.

[0019] Beneficial effects

[0020] One of the above technical solutions has the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0021] 1) By sequentially setting a primary cleaning mechanism on the return section after unloading from the conveyor belt to remove most of the mud and coarse sand in the residual tailings, a secondary cleaning mechanism to scrape off the residual fine sand, and a tertiary cleaning mechanism to high-pressure wash and scrape water to remove the residual particles on the surface texture and pits of the conveyor belt, the conveyor belt surface is thoroughly cleaned, effectively reducing wear on the return idler roller surface, extending service life, and reducing maintenance costs.

[0022] 2) The micro-spring scraper seat of the secondary cleaning mechanism and the upward tilting T-shaped metal scraper allow the T-shaped metal scraper to closely fit the surface of the conveyor belt, thereby effectively removing fine sand that was not cleared by the primary cleaning mechanism, reducing the load on the tertiary cleaning mechanism and improving the overall cleaning effect.

[0023] 3) The combination of high-pressure flushing components and cleaning brushes in the three-stage cleaning mechanism can thoroughly clean the texture gaps and damaged pits on the surface of the conveyor belt. The squeegee component can quickly remove water stains from the surface of the conveyor belt, preventing residual stains from remaining on the surface of the conveyor belt after drying, thus achieving thorough cleaning and further ensuring the cleaning effect.

[0024] 4) The hot air knife of the drying mechanism effectively accelerates the evaporation of moisture, ensures that the surface of the conveyor belt is dry, and further cleans the fine powder particles that may remain in the water stains, thereby completely eliminating the hidden dangers of conveyor belt slippage and idler wear, improving overall operating efficiency, and ensuring safe and stable production. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Other features, objects, and advantages of this invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall primary cleaning mechanism of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a side view of the primary cleaning mechanism of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall two-stage cleaning mechanism of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a side view of the two-stage cleaning mechanism of this utility model (when not in operation);

[0031] Figure 6 This is a side view of the two-stage cleaning mechanism of this utility model (in operation);

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the scraper seat of the two-stage cleaning mechanism of this utility model;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the overall wiper assembly of this utility model;

[0034] Figure 9 This is a side view of the wiper assembly of this utility model;

[0035] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the drying mechanism of this utility model;

[0036] In the diagram: Conveyor belt 100; Primary cleaning mechanism 1; First mounting frame 11; First support shaft 12; Polyurethane scraper 13; Adjustment assembly 14; Adjustment base 141; Support plate 1411; Pre-tightening component 142; Adjustment shaft 1421; Adjustment spring 1422; Fixing bolt 1423; Adjustment bolt 1424; Secondary cleaning mechanism 2; Second mounting frame 21; Second support shaft 22; Metal scraper assembly 23; Connecting rod 231; T-shaped scraper 232; Scraper seat 24; Mounting part 241; Clamping Part 242; Inner cavity 243; Three-stage cleaning mechanism 3; High-pressure flushing assembly 31; High-pressure water pipe 311; High-pressure nozzle 312; Cleaning brush 32; Pressure roller 33; Squeegee assembly 34; Third mounting bracket 341; Screw 3411; Limit nut 3412; Mounting base 3413; Support spring 3414; Third support shaft 342; Squeegee 343; Drying mechanism 4; Hot air blower 41; Air duct 42; Air outlet structure 43; Air outlet slit 431. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but the implementation of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, this utility model provides a cleaning device for a tailings conveyor belt, located at the end of the tailings conveyor belt 100 on the unloading side; it includes a primary cleaning mechanism 1, a secondary cleaning mechanism 2, and a tertiary cleaning mechanism 3 arranged sequentially along the running direction of the conveyor belt 100, wherein the primary cleaning mechanism 1 is located on the outer curved surface portion of the end of the conveyor belt 100, and the secondary cleaning mechanism 2 and the tertiary cleaning mechanism 3 are located on the lower surface of the return section plane portion of the conveyor belt 100 and are both located before the first set of return idlers (not shown in the figure); preferably, in order to avoid contaminating the workplace with the removed stains, a protective cover (not shown in the figure) is set outside the cleaning device for collection. This setting is a conventional setting, and this utility model will not elaborate on it.

[0039] like Figure 2As shown, the primary cleaning mechanism 1 includes a first mounting frame 11, a first support shaft 12, a polyurethane scraper 13, and an adjustment assembly 14. The first mounting frame 11 is fixed to the conveyor belt support structure (i.e., the existing support structure such as the mounting bracket of the conveyor belt 100, not shown in the figure) and is used to fix the first support shaft 12. The polyurethane scraper 13 is fixedly installed on the first support shaft 12. The fixing method can be that a through hole is provided at the bottom of the polyurethane scraper 13, and the first support shaft 12 passes through the through hole and is fixed with bolts. Alternatively, the polyurethane scraper 13 and the first support shaft 12 can be connected by an additional blade holder to achieve a fixed installation. The end of the polyurethane scraper 13 is tightly attached to the outer surface of the end of the conveyor belt 100. The adjustment assembly 14 is provided at both ends of the first support shaft 12 and is used to adjust the degree of contact between the polyurethane scraper 13 and the conveyor belt 100.

[0040] Preferred, such as Figure 3 As shown, the polyurethane scraper 13 has a crescent-shaped structure with an upwardly convex arc on its upper surface. The installation angle α between the contact point of the polyurethane scraper 13 and the surface of the conveyor belt 100 and the horizontal center line of the roller at the end of the conveyor belt 100 is set to 15~30° to ensure that the polyurethane scraper 13 is in close contact with the surface of the conveyor belt 100, but the contact area is not too large, and to allow the scraped mud and coarse sand to slide off smoothly, avoiding accumulation that would affect the cleaning effect.

[0041] Preferred, such as Figure 3 As shown, the adjustment assembly 14 includes an adjustment base 141 and a pretensioner 142. The adjustment base 141 is fixedly mounted on the first support shaft 12. A support plate 1411 extends outward from the adjustment base 141. The pretensioner 142 includes an adjustment shaft 1421 and an adjustment spring 1422. The upper end of the adjustment shaft 1421 passes through the first mounting bracket 11 and has a fixing bolt 1423 at its end. The lower end passes through the support plate 1411 and has an adjustment bolt 1424 at its end. The adjustment spring... 1422 is located between the first mounting bracket 11 and the fixing bolt 1423 and is sleeved on the adjusting shaft 1421. By rotating the adjusting bolt 1424 up or down, the support plate 1411 on the adjusting base 141 swings up or down, thereby driving the polyurethane scraper 13 to move closer to or away from the conveyor belt 100. At the same time, the adjusting spring 1422 is compressed or extended, thereby adjusting the contact pressure between the polyurethane scraper 13 and the surface of the conveyor belt 100, so that the scraper and the surface of the conveyor belt 100 always maintain the best contact state.

[0042] like Figure 4As shown, the secondary cleaning mechanism 2 includes a second mounting frame 21, a second support shaft 22, a metal scraper assembly 23, and a scraper seat 24. The second mounting frame 21 is fixed to the conveyor belt support structure and is used to fix the second support shaft 22. The metal scraper assembly 23 is fixed to the second support shaft 22 through the scraper seat 24. The metal scraper assembly 23 includes a connecting rod 231 and a T-shaped scraper 232 vertically connected to its end. The T-shaped scraper 232 is made of stainless steel or other alloy materials, which is more wear-resistant, less prone to deformation, and easier to fit tightly against the surface of the conveyor belt 100.

[0043] Preferred, such as Figures 5-7 As shown, the scraper seat 24 is made of micro-elastic materials such as polyurethane and hard rubber. The scraper seat 24 includes a mounting part 241 and a clamping part 242. The mounting part 241 is located above the clamping part 242 and is used to mount the metal scraper assembly 23. The clamping part 242 forms an inner cavity 243 with an open lower end. The second support shaft 22 is tightly embedded in the inner cavity 243. The connecting rod 231 of the metal scraper assembly 23 is inclined upward on the mounting part 241. The upward inclination angle β is determined according to the elastic deformation of the scraper seat 24. The inclination angle β is set to 15~20°, and in this embodiment, the inclination angle β is set to 17°. During operation, the downward force of the conveyor belt 100 on the metal scraper assembly 23 and the reverse micro-elastic recovery deformation tendency of the scraper seat 24 are used to achieve a tight fit between the end of the T-shaped scraper 232 and the surface of the conveyor belt 100, thereby achieving the purpose of removing fine sand.

[0044] As an feasible approach, an elastic material layer such as rubber can be added to the inner surface of the inner cavity 243 of the clamping part 242 to increase the elastic deformation capability at the junction of the scraper seat 24 and the second support shaft 22.

[0045] More preferably, such as Figures 4-7 As shown, several independent scraper seats 24 are arranged closely along the second support shaft 22. Each scraper seat 24 is equipped with one or two sets of metal scraper assemblies 23 to avoid excessive internal stress in the scraper seat 24, high downward resistance of the metal scraper assembly 23, and excessive tight contact between the T-shaped scraper 232 and the conveyor belt 100, which could lead to damage to the scraper seat 24, the metal scraper assembly 23, or the surface of the conveyor belt 100. In this embodiment, two sets of metal scraper assemblies 23 are installed on each scraper seat 24. The T-shaped scrapers 232 of each set of metal scraper assemblies 23 are staggered along the running direction of the conveyor belt 100, and the two sides of adjacent T-shaped scrapers 232 partially overlap on the projection plane to form a double-row staggered cleaning surface that fully covers the entire width direction of the conveyor belt 100, resulting in a more complete cleaning effect.

[0046] like Figure 8As shown, the three-stage cleaning mechanism 3 includes a high-pressure flushing assembly 31, a cleaning brush 32, and a squeegee assembly 34. The high-pressure flushing assembly 31 includes a high-pressure water pipe 311 and two high-pressure nozzles 312. The ends of the high-pressure nozzles 312 are flat strip-shaped openings that cover the entire transverse width of the conveyor section. The high-pressure nozzles 312 are located on both sides of the cleaning brush 32 and are used to flush the surface of the return section of the conveyor belt 100. The high-pressure nozzles 312 located at the front end of the cleaning brush 32 are mainly used to rinse away dirt floating on the surface, while the high-pressure nozzles 312 located at the rear end of the cleaning brush 32 are used to rinse away the dirt brushed out by the cleaning brush 32. This not only helps the cleaning brush 32 to better act on dirt remaining in the texture and pits, but also helps to extend the service life of the cleaning brush 32. Preferably, a pressure roller 33 is provided on the upper surface of the return section of the conveyor belt 100 at a position corresponding to the cleaning brush 32, so as to keep the conveyor belt 100 in contact with the cleaning brush 32 at all times, thereby improving the cleaning effect. The wiper assembly 34 includes a third mounting bracket 341, a third support shaft 342, and a wiper blade 343. The third mounting bracket 341 is fixed to the conveyor belt support structure and is used to fix the third support shaft 342. The wiper blade 343 is fixedly installed on the third support shaft 342, and the end of the wiper blade 343 is in close contact with the return section surface of the conveyor belt 100.

[0047] Preferred, such as Figure 9 As shown, the third mounting bracket 341 is U-shaped. An externally threaded screw 3411 is vertically mounted inside the third mounting bracket 341. A limiting nut 3412 is mounted on the screw 3411. Below the limiting nut 3412 is a mounting seat 3413 for the third support shaft 342. A support spring 3414 with a preset preload is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the mounting seat 3413. The support spring 3414 is sleeved outside the screw 3411 and is used to support and fine-tune the height of the mounting seat 3413. This design ensures that the mounting seat 3413 and the limiting nut 3412 are tightly fitted by the support spring 3414 with a preset preload. Furthermore, the third support shaft 342 keeps the scraper blade 343 in close contact with the surface of the conveyor belt 100, ensuring that the scraper blade 343 effectively removes residual moisture from the surface of the conveyor belt 100 and prevents slippage of the conveyor belt 100 due to residual moisture.

[0048] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 and Figure 10As shown, a drying mechanism 4 is also provided behind the three-stage cleaning mechanism 3. The drying mechanism 4 includes a hot air blower 41, an air duct 42, and an air outlet structure 43. The hot air blower 41 provides hot air to the air outlet structure 43 through the air duct 42. The air outlet structure 43 spans the entire transverse width of the conveyor belt 100. The air outlet structure 43 has an air outlet slit 431 on the side facing the surface of the conveyor belt 100. After the hot air passes through the air outlet slit 431, it forms a hot air knife to blow and dry the surface of the conveyor belt 100, so as to further accelerate the evaporation of moisture on the surface of the conveyor belt 100 and ensure that the cleaned conveyor belt 100 quickly returns to a dry state.

[0049] This invention, through a series of steps, includes a primary cleaning mechanism 1 that removes most of the mud and coarse sand from the residual tailings in the return section after unloading from the conveyor belt 100, before the first set of return idlers; a secondary cleaning mechanism 2 that scrapes off the residual fine sand; and a tertiary cleaning mechanism 3 that high-pressure washes the surface of the conveyor belt 100, scrapes off water stains, removes residual particles in the texture and pits of the conveyor belt 100, and dries it with hot air knives. This ensures that the surface of the conveyor belt 100 is thoroughly cleaned, effectively reducing wear on the surface of the return idlers, extending their service life, and reducing maintenance costs.

[0050] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and does not constitute any limitation on the technical scope of the present utility model. Therefore, any minor modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present utility model shall still fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A cleaning device for a tailings conveyor belt, disposed at the end of the conveyor belt (100) on the unloading side; characterized in that: It includes a first-level cleaning mechanism (1), a second-level cleaning mechanism (2) and a third-level cleaning mechanism (3) arranged sequentially along the running direction of the conveyor belt (100). The first-level cleaning mechanism (1) is located on the outer curved surface of the end of the conveyor belt (100), and the second-level cleaning mechanism (2) and the third-level cleaning mechanism (3) are located on the lower surface of the return section of the conveyor belt (100) and are both located before the first set of return idlers. The primary cleaning mechanism (1) includes a first mounting frame (11), a first support shaft (12), a polyurethane scraper (13), and an adjustment component (14). The first mounting frame (11) is fixed to the conveyor belt support structure and is used to fix the first support shaft (12). The polyurethane scraper (13) is fixedly installed on the first support shaft (12). The end of the polyurethane scraper (13) is tightly attached to the outer surface of the end of the conveyor belt (100). The adjustment component (14) is located at both ends of the first support shaft (12) and is used to adjust the degree of contact between the polyurethane scraper (13) and the conveyor belt (100). The secondary cleaning mechanism (2) includes a second mounting frame (21), a second support shaft (22), a metal scraper assembly (23), and a scraper seat (24). The second mounting frame (21) is fixed to the conveyor belt support structure and is used to fix the second support shaft (22). The metal scraper assembly (23) is fixed to the second support shaft (22) through the scraper seat (24). The metal scraper assembly (23) includes a connecting rod (231) and a T-shaped scraper (232) vertically connected to its end. When working, the end of the T-shaped scraper (232) is in close contact with the lower surface of the return section of the conveyor belt (100). The three-stage cleaning mechanism (3) includes a high-pressure flushing assembly (31), a cleaning brush (32), and a squeegee assembly (34). The high-pressure flushing assembly (31) includes a high-pressure water pipe (311) and two high-pressure nozzles (312). The high-pressure nozzles (312) have flat strip-shaped openings at the ends and cover the entire transverse width of the conveyor section. The high-pressure nozzles (312) are located on both sides of the cleaning brush (32) and are used to flush the return section surface of the conveyor belt (100). The squeegee assembly (34) includes a third mounting bracket (341), a third support shaft (342), and a squeegee (343). The third mounting bracket (341) is fixed to the conveyor belt support structure and is used to fix the third support shaft (342). The squeegee (343) is fixedly installed on the third support shaft (342), and the end of the squeegee (343) is in close contact with the return section surface of the conveyor belt (100).

2. A cleaning device for tailings conveyor belts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polyurethane scraper (13) has a crescent-shaped structure with an upward convex arc on its upper surface. The installation angle α between the contact point of the polyurethane scraper (13) and the surface of the conveyor belt (100) and the horizontal center line of the roller at the end of the conveyor belt (100) is set to 15~30°.

3. A cleaning device for tailings conveyor belts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly (14) includes an adjustment base (141) and a pretensioner (142). The adjustment base (141) is fixedly mounted on the first support shaft (12). A support plate (1411) extends outward from the adjustment base (141). The pretensioner (142) includes an adjustment shaft (1421) and an adjustment spring (1422). The upper end of the adjustment shaft (1421) passes through the first mounting bracket (11) and its end is provided with a fixing bolt (1423). The lower end passes through the support plate (1411) and its end is provided with an adjustment bolt (1424). The adjustment spring (1422) is located between the first mounting bracket (11) and the fixing bolt (1423) and is sleeved on the adjustment shaft (1421).

4. A cleaning device for tailings conveyor belts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The scraper seat (24) is made of a micro-elastic material. The scraper seat (24) includes a mounting part (241) and a clamping part (242). The mounting part (241) is located above the clamping part (242) and is used to install the metal scraper assembly (23). The clamping part (242) forms an inner cavity (243) with an opening at the lower end. The second support shaft (22) is tightly embedded in the inner cavity (243). The connecting rod (231) of the metal scraper assembly (23) is inclined upward. During operation, under the combined action of the conveyor belt (100) and the scraper seat (24), the end of the T-shaped scraper (232) of the metal scraper assembly (23) is tightly attached to the surface of the conveyor belt (100).

5. A cleaning device for tailings conveyor belts according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upward tilt angle β of the connecting rod (231) is determined according to the elastic deformation of the scraper seat (24), and the tilt angle β is set to 15~20°.

6. A cleaning device for a tailings conveyor belt according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The scraper holders (24) are several independent units arranged closely along the second support axis (22), and one or two sets of metal scraper assemblies (23) are installed on each scraper holder (24).

7. A cleaning device for tailings conveyor belts according to claim 6, characterized in that: Two sets of metal scraper assemblies (23) are installed on each scraper seat (24). The T-shaped scrapers (232) of each set of metal scraper assemblies (23) are staggered along the running direction of the conveyor belt (100), and the two sides of adjacent T-shaped scrapers (232) partially overlap on the projection surface.

8. A cleaning device for tailings conveyor belts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third mounting bracket (341) is U-shaped. An external threaded screw (3411) is vertically provided inside the third mounting bracket (341). A limiting nut (3412) is provided on the screw (3411). A mounting seat (3413) for the third support shaft (342) is provided below the limiting nut (3412). A support spring (3414) with a preset preload is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the mounting seat (3413). The support spring (3414) is sleeved on the outside of the screw (3411) and is used to support and finely adjust the height of the mounting seat (3413).

9. A cleaning device for tailings conveyor belts according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pressure roller (33) is provided on the upper surface of the return section of the conveyor belt (100) at a position corresponding to the cleaning brush (32). The pressure roller (33) is used to keep the conveyor belt (100) in contact with the cleaning brush (32) at all times.

10. A cleaning device for a tailings conveyor belt according to claim 1, characterized in that: A drying mechanism (4) is also provided behind the three-stage cleaning mechanism (3). The drying mechanism (4) includes a hot air blower (41), an air duct (42), and an air outlet structure (43). The hot air blower (41) provides hot air to the air outlet structure (43) through the air duct (42). The air outlet structure (43) spans the entire transverse width of the conveyor belt (100). The air outlet structure (43) has an air outlet slit (431) on the side facing the surface of the conveyor belt (100). After the hot air passes through the air outlet slit (431), it forms a hot air knife to sweep and dry the surface of the conveyor belt (100).

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