A circulating equipment for co-generation of carbon and heat

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of co-generation technology, specifically a circulating device for co-generation. It includes a pyrolysis furnace and a carbon box. A heat-conducting box is fixedly installed inside the carbon box, forming a preheating chamber between the heat-conducting box and the carbon box. One end of the heat-conducting box has an open biomass inlet. A biomass conveying mechanism is installed inside the heat-conducting box. A biomass outlet channel communicating with the heat-conducting box is provided on the carbon box, and the biomass outlet channel is connected to the pyrolysis furnace inlet. A biochar inlet communicating with the preheating chamber is opened at the top of the carbon box, and a biochar outlet communicating with the preheating chamber is opened at the bottom. The pyrolysis furnace outlet is connected to the biochar inlet. Through this structure, the biochar generated in the pyrolysis furnace can be transported to the preheating chamber inside the carbon box, thereby utilizing the waste heat of the biochar to heat the heat-conducting box, realizing circulation between the carbon box and the pyrolysis furnace, and improving the energy utilization rate in co-generation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of co-generation technology, specifically to a circulating device for co-generation. Background Technology

[0002] Co-generation is a comprehensive energy utilization model that simultaneously produces biochar, pyrolysis gas (which can be used for heating or power generation), and byproducts through biomass pyrolysis technology. This technology uses agricultural and forestry waste (such as straw and sawdust) as raw materials, achieving efficient resource conversion through high-temperature decomposition in an oxygen-free or oxygen-limited environment. It combines the value of clean heating, carbon sequestration and emission reduction, and agricultural circular economy. Through a "one-feed, multiple-product" model, co-generation transforms waste biomass into high-value energy and agricultural resources, making it a distinctive technology that connects rural revitalization with the "dual-carbon" goals.

[0003] In existing technologies, the co-generation process mainly includes the crushing, preheating and drying, and pyrolysis of biomass feedstock. The preheated and dried biomass is transported to the feed inlet of the pyrolysis furnace and enters the furnace. Inside the furnace, the biomass is pyrolyzed to produce biochar and combustible gas. The combustible gas, after being buffered by a flue gas tower, enters the combustion furnace for combustion and heating. The biochar is discharged from the char outlet of the pyrolysis furnace, cooled, and stored for subsequent agricultural production or environmental remediation.

[0004] In actual use, the biochar generated by the pyrolysis furnace needs to be transported by conveyor to a specific location for cooling. When the biochar is discharged from the pyrolysis furnace, it has a high heat content. During the cooling process, this heat is often wasted, which leads to a low energy utilization rate in the process of co-generation. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a circulating device for cogeneration of biochar, which solves the problem of low energy utilization caused by the waste of heat during the external cooling process of biochar in the prior art.

[0006] This utility model is achieved using the following technical solution: a circulating device for cogeneration of carbon and heat, including a pyrolysis furnace, the circulating device also including a carbon box, a heat-conducting box body is fixedly installed inside the carbon box, a preheating chamber is formed between the heat-conducting box body and the carbon box, one end of the heat-conducting box body is provided with an open biomass inlet; a biomass conveying mechanism is provided inside the heat-conducting box body, a biomass discharge channel is provided on the carbon box body communicating with the heat-conducting box body, the biomass discharge channel is communicating with the pyrolysis furnace inlet, a biochar inlet communicating with the preheating chamber is opened at the top of the carbon box, a biochar outlet communicating with the preheating chamber is opened at the bottom, and the pyrolysis furnace outlet is communicating with the biochar inlet.

[0007] The above structure enables the biochar generated in the pyrolysis furnace to be transported to the preheating chamber inside the char box, thereby utilizing the waste heat of the biochar to heat the heat-conducting box. This allows the char box in the device to use the waste heat of the biochar to heat and dry the biomass raw materials, realizing a cycle between the char box and the pyrolysis furnace, reducing heat waste, and improving the energy utilization rate in co-production of carbon and heat.

[0008] Preferably, the biomass conveying mechanism includes two mounting plates. A driving roller, which can be driven by a second motor, is rotatably mounted at one end of the two mounting plates, and a driven roller is rotatably mounted at the other end. A conveyor belt is mounted on the driving roller and the driven roller. With the conveyor belt, when the biomass raw material is fed onto the conveyor belt from the biomass inlet, the biomass raw material can be controlled to remain in the heat-conducting box for preheating and drying by stopping the second motor. After drying is completed, the second motor is restarted, causing the dried biomass to be transported towards the biomass discharge channel, thereby conveying the dried biomass to the biomass discharge channel and transporting new biomass raw material into the heat-conducting box for drying.

[0009] Preferably, one end of the mounting plate is located inside the heat-conducting box, and the other end extends to the outside of the heat-conducting box. An active roller is rotatably mounted on the end of the mounting plate located outside the heat-conducting box. One end of the mounting plate located outside the heat-conducting box is fixedly connected to a second motor. The output shaft of the second motor is coaxially fixedly connected to the active roller. A second bracket is fixedly connected to the mounting plate inside the heat-conducting box and is fixedly connected to the bottom of the heat-conducting box. A first bracket is fixedly connected to the mounting plate located outside the heat-conducting box. By extending one end of the mounting plate to the outside of the heat-conducting box, biomass raw materials can be directly conveyed to the end of the conveyor belt located outside the heat-conducting box. Then, the second motor is started to control the conveyor belt to convey this portion of biomass to the inside of the heat-conducting box for heating and drying. This makes operation more convenient, and the fact that the second motor is located outside the heat-conducting box also prevents it from being damaged by heat.

[0010] Preferably, the bottom of the heat-conducting box is fixedly connected to two baffles, which are located on both sides of the biomass discharge channel, and two mounting plates are located between the two baffles. The baffles reduce leakage to both sides when the biomass conveying mechanism delivers biomass to the biomass discharge channel.

[0011] Preferably, a scraper is fixedly installed at one end of the mounting plate inside the heat-conducting box. The scraper is located between two mounting plates, with one side of the scraper close to the conveyor belt and the other side inclined towards the biomass discharge channel. The scraper effectively reduces the amount of biomass particles adhering to the conveyor belt, and its inclined design allows the biomass particles to slide down the scraper into the biomass discharge channel after being scraped off.

[0012] Preferably, the biochar inlet is located in the middle of the top surface of the char box, and the biochar inlet is connected to the char outlet of the pyrolysis furnace through a first biochar conveyor; the top surface of the heat-conducting box is an inclined surface that slopes downward from the middle to the left and right sides. Because the top surface of the heat-conducting box is an inclined surface with a small angle, when biochar falls on this inclined surface, it will stay on the inclined surface. As more and more biochar is conveyed, it will gradually slide downward and fall to the bottom of the preheating chamber.

[0013] Preferably, the bottom of the charcoal box is shaped like an inverted truncated pyramid, and the biochar outlet is located on the bottom surface of the charcoal box. This inverted truncated pyramid shape allows the biochar to fall into the outlet.

[0014] Preferably, a second biochar conveyor is provided below the biochar box to transport the biochar in the preheating chamber to a designated location. The inlet of the second biochar conveyor is connected to the biochar outlet. The second biochar conveyor allows the cooled biochar to be discharged under its influence.

[0015] Preferably, the circulating equipment further includes a buffer flue and a combustion furnace. The pyrolysis furnace and the buffer flue are connected by a first pipe, on which an air pump is installed. The buffer flue and the combustion furnace are connected by a third pipe. The arrangement of the buffer flue and the combustion furnace enables this device to utilize the combustible gas generated by the pyrolysis furnace for combustion and heating.

[0016] Preferably, the combustion furnace and the pyrolysis furnace are connected by a second pipe. The second pipe allows the pyrolysis furnace in this device to utilize the heat generated by the combustion furnace for heating, further increasing the energy utilization rate of the device and making it more efficient and energy-saving.

[0017] In summary, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: by connecting the biomass discharge channel on the charcoal box with the feed inlet on the pyrolysis furnace, the biomass particles after being heated and dried in the charcoal box can be transported to the pyrolysis furnace. Furthermore, by connecting the char outlet of the pyrolysis furnace with the biochar inlet of the charcoal box, the biochar produced by the pyrolysis in the pyrolysis furnace can enter the preheating chamber inside the charcoal box. Thus, the waste heat of the biochar is used to heat the biomass raw material particles in the heat-conducting box. This allows for circulation between the charcoal box and the pyrolysis furnace, fully utilizing the energy in this circulation and improving the energy utilization rate in the co-production process. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the charcoal box from a first-person perspective.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the charcoal box from a second perspective.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a first cross-sectional view of the charcoal box and biomass conveying mechanism.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a second sectional view of the charcoal box and biomass conveying mechanism.

[0023] In the diagram: 1-Charcoal box; 2-First motor; 3-First biochar conveyor; 4-Biomass elevator; 5-Pyrolysis furnace; 6-First pipeline; 7-Buffer flue; 8-Combustion furnace; 9-Control box; 10-Second pipeline; 11-Biomass conveying mechanism; 12-Second motor; 13-Conveyor belt; 14-Mounting plate; 15-First support; 16-Second biochar conveyor; 17-Third motor; 18-Charcoal box support; 19-Biochar inlet; 20-Second support; 21-Biochar outlet; 22-Heat-conducting box; 23-Biomass discharge channel; 24-Support roller; 25-Preheating chamber; 26-Biomass inlet; 27-Baffle; 28-Driven roller; 29-Driven roller; 30-Scraper. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate this utility model, but are not intended to limit its scope.

[0025] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0026] The following is a description of preferred embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0027] like Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, this utility model provides a circulating device for co-generation of biomass, including a charcoal box 1 for heating and drying biomass raw materials, a pyrolysis furnace 5 for pyrolyzing the dried biomass, a buffer flue 7 for buffering the gas pressure and flow of combustible gas generated in the pyrolysis furnace 5, a combustion furnace 8 for burning the combustible gas, and a control box 9 for controlling the start and stop of the drive device. A biomass elevator 4, driven by a third motor 17, is provided between the charcoal box 1 and the pyrolysis furnace 5. The biomass elevator 4 is mainly used to transfer the dried biomass in the charcoal box 1 to the pyrolysis furnace 5. A first pipe 6 is provided between the pyrolysis furnace 5 and the buffer flue 7 for transferring the combustible gas generated in the pyrolysis furnace 5 to the buffer flue 7. The gas transfer can be achieved by installing an air pump or blower on the first pipe 6. A third channel is provided between the buffer flue 7 and the pyrolysis furnace 5 for conveying combustible gas to the combustion furnace 8.

[0028] In order to improve the utilization rate of thermal energy, a second pipe 10 is provided between the combustion furnace 8 and the pyrolysis furnace 5. The high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion in the combustion furnace 8 will enter the pyrolysis furnace 5 through the second pipe 10 for heating the pyrolysis furnace 5, thereby improving the energy utilization efficiency and increasing the energy saving of the device.

[0029] Among them, the pyrolysis furnace 5, the buffer flue 7, the combustion furnace 8, the control box 9, and the connections between them are all mature existing technologies, and the connections between them are also conventional existing technologies. The biomass elevator 4 mentioned above can be a auger elevator, which is also a conventional existing technology. Those skilled in the art can easily find its technical solutions through literature, patents, etc., and this is not the main inventive point of this utility model, so it will not be elaborated on here.

[0030] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, a biomass conveying mechanism 11 for conveying biomass raw materials into the charcoal box 1 is provided at the charcoal box 1. A heat-conducting box 22 with an open front end is fixedly installed inside the charcoal box 1, and the open front end of the heat-conducting box 22 is the biomass inlet 26. A preheating chamber 25 is formed between the charcoal box 1 and the heat-conducting box 22. The biomass conveying mechanism 11 is installed inside the heat-conducting box 22. A biomass discharge channel 23 connected to the heat-conducting box 22 is provided on the charcoal box 1. The biomass discharge channel 23 is connected to the inlet of the pyrolysis furnace 5 through a biomass elevator 4. Specifically, the biomass discharge channel 23 is connected to the inlet of the biomass elevator 4, and the outlet of the biomass elevator 4 is connected to the inlet of the pyrolysis furnace 5. The top of the charcoal box 1 is provided with a biochar inlet 19 that communicates with the preheating chamber 25, and the bottom is provided with a biochar outlet 21 that communicates with the preheating chamber 25. The outlet of the pyrolysis furnace 5 is connected to the biochar inlet 19. Specifically, a first biochar conveyor 3 that can be driven by a first motor 2 is also provided between the pyrolysis furnace 5 and the charcoal box 1. The outlet of the pyrolysis furnace 5 is connected to the feed port of the first biochar conveyor 3, and the biochar inlet 19 of the charcoal box 1 is connected to the outlet of the first biochar conveyor 3.

[0031] The inlet of the biomass discharge channel 23 is located on the bottom surface of the guide box 22. The bottom of the biomass discharge channel 23 passes through the preheating chamber 25 and extends downward. The outlet of the biomass discharge channel 23 is located outside the charcoal box 1. The biomass discharge channel 23 is not connected to the preheating chamber 25.

[0032] A second biochar conveyor 16 is also provided at the bottom of the biochar box 1. The biochar outlet 21 is connected to the inlet of the second biochar conveyor 16, and the outlet of the second biochar conveyor 16 is located in the biochar storage area. The biochar outlet 21 can also use a sliding door with a chute to transport cooled biochar. Its main purpose is to discharge the cooled biochar from the preheating chamber 25. It can be discharged first by opening and closing the door and then transferred to the storage area via secondary transfer. In this embodiment, the second biochar conveyor 16 can directly transport the biochar to the storage area. Both the first biochar conveyor 3 and the second biochar conveyor 16 mentioned above can be auger conveyors. Auger conveyors are conventional existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0033] The biomass conveying mechanism 11 described above can be any device capable of conveying biomass raw materials, such as a auger conveyor. Using an auger conveyor can also transfer biochar raw materials from the outside of the charcoal box 1 to the second chamber 26, where they remain for heating and drying before being discharged through the biomass discharge channel 23. In this embodiment, the biomass conveying mechanism 11 includes two mounting plates 14. A drive roller 28, driven by a second motor 12, is rotatably mounted at one end of the two mounting plates 14, and a driven roller 29 is rotatably mounted at the other end. A conveyor belt 13 is mounted on the drive roller 28 and the driven roller 29. Several support rollers 24 are also rotatably mounted on the mounting plate 14 between the drive roller 28 and the driven roller 29 to ensure the stable operation of the conveyor belt 13. Furthermore, the conveyor belt 13 in this device is a dedicated biomass raw material conveyor belt, with outwardly protruding ear straps on both sides to prevent biomass particles from leaking out from the gap between the conveyor belt 13 and the mounting plate 14. The specific structure of the conveyor belt 13 for biomass pellets can be easily obtained through search methods such as Baidu, and will not be described in detail here.

[0034] One end of the mounting plate 14 is located inside the heat-conducting box 22, and the other end extends to the outside of the heat-conducting box 22. The active rotating roller 28 is rotatably mounted on the end of the mounting plate 14 located outside the heat-conducting box 22. One end of the mounting plate 14 located outside the heat-conducting box 22 is fixedly connected to the second motor 12, and the output shaft of the second motor 12 is coaxially fixedly connected to the active rotating roller 28. A second bracket 20 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 14 located inside the heat-conducting box 22, and the second bracket 20 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the heat-conducting box 22. A first bracket 15 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 14 located outside the heat-conducting box 22. A charcoal box bracket 18 is also fixedly connected to the bottom of the charcoal box 1. The pyrolysis furnace 5, buffer flue gas tower 7, and combustion furnace 8 mentioned above all have their corresponding brackets, which need to be arranged according to the actual production situation. Therefore, other brackets are not shown in the attached drawings, but they all require brackets for installation.

[0035] like Figure 4 As shown, two baffles 27 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the heat-conducting box 22. The two baffles 27 are located on both sides of the inlet of the biomass discharge channel 23, and two mounting plates 14 are located between the two baffles 27. By setting the baffles 27, it can be ensured that all biomass raw materials enter the biomass discharge channel 23, thereby avoiding waste.

[0036] like Figure 5As shown, a scraper 30 is fixedly connected between two mounting plates 14. The scraper 30 is located at one end of the mounting plate 14 near the biomass discharge channel 23. One side of the scraper 30 is close to the conveyor belt 13, and the other side is inclined towards the biomass discharge channel 23. Since the conveyor belt 13 has upwardly protruding ear straps on both sides, the scraper 30 also has corresponding clearance grooves. The scraper 30 can scrape off the biomass attached to the conveyor belt 13, preventing it from falling to other locations in the heat-conducting box 22, thus avoiding unnecessary waste and cleaning difficulties. The biomass scraped off by the scraper 30 will fall into the biomass discharge channel 23 along the inclined surface of the scraper 30.

[0037] The biochar inlet 19 is located in the middle of the top of the biochar box 1, and the top surface of the heat-conducting box 22 is an inclined surface that slopes downward from the middle to the left and right sides. The slope of the inclined surface at the top of the heat-conducting box 22 is relatively gentle, so when the biochar falls onto the inclined surface, it will stay there. As more and more biochar accumulates at the top, the biochar at the bottom of the inclined surface will fall to the bottom of the preheating chamber 25.

[0038] The bottom of the charcoal box 1 is shaped like an inverted truncated pyramid, and the biochar outlet 21 is located on the bottom surface of the charcoal box 1. The inverted truncated pyramid shape makes it easier for the cooled biochar to be removed through the biochar outlet 21.

[0039] The control box 9 mentioned above is mainly used to control the switching of various motors and air pumps and other drive devices.

[0040] The operating principle of this device is as follows: First, biomass raw material pellets are placed at one end of the conveyor belt 13 located outside the heat-conducting box 22. The biomass conveying mechanism 11 is started by the second motor 12, which transports the biomass raw material pellets into the heat-conducting box 22. Then, the second motor 12 is turned off, and the biomass pellets are preheated and dried in the heat-conducting box 22 for a period of time. After drying, the second motor 12 is started again, transporting the dried biomass pellets into the biomass discharge channel 23. At the same time, new biomass pellet raw materials are sent into the heat-conducting box 22 for heating. The dried biomass pellets are then lifted upwards to the pyrolysis furnace 5 by the biomass elevator 4. The pyrolysis furnace 5 pyrolyzes the biomass to produce biochar and combustible gas. The combustible gas first enters the buffer flue 7 for buffering and then enters the combustion furnace 8 for combustion. The high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion furnace 8 can also heat the pyrolysis furnace 5 through the second pipe 10. The biochar generated by the pyrolysis furnace 5 will enter the preheating chamber 25 through the first biochar conveyor 11, thereby preheating and drying the biomass particles in the heat-conducting box 22. The cooled biochar will be transported to the biochar storage area through the second biochar conveyor 16, thus realizing the circulation between the char box 1 and the pyrolysis furnace 5.

[0041] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present utility model, and these improvements and substitutions should also be considered within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A circulating equipment for co-generation of carbon and heat, comprising a pyrolysis furnace (5), characterized in that, The circulating equipment also includes a char box (1), inside which a heat-conducting box (22) is fixedly installed. A preheating chamber (25) is formed between the heat-conducting box (22) and the char box (1). One end of the heat-conducting box (22) is provided with an open biomass inlet (26). A biomass conveying mechanism (11) is provided inside the heat-conducting box (22). A biomass discharge channel (23) connected to the heat-conducting box (22) is provided on the char box (1). The biomass discharge channel (23) is connected to the feed inlet of the pyrolysis furnace (5). A biochar inlet (19) connected to the preheating chamber (25) is opened at the top of the char box (1), and a biochar outlet (21) connected to the preheating chamber (25) is opened at the bottom. The char outlet of the pyrolysis furnace (5) is connected to the biochar inlet (19).

2. The circulating equipment for co-generation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The biomass conveying mechanism (11) includes two mounting plates (14). One end of the two mounting plates (14) is rotatably mounted with an active roller (28) that can be driven by a second motor (12), and the other end is rotatably mounted with a driven roller (29). A conveyor belt (13) is mounted on the active roller (28) and the driven roller (29).

3. The circulating equipment for co-generation according to claim 2, characterized in that, One end of the mounting plate (14) is located inside the heat-conducting box (22), and the other end extends to the outside of the heat-conducting box (22). The active rotating roller (28) is rotatably mounted on the end of the mounting plate (14) located outside the heat-conducting box (22). One end of the mounting plate (14) located outside the heat-conducting box (22) is fixedly connected to the second motor (12). The output shaft of the second motor (12) is coaxially fixedly connected to the active rotating roller (28). A second bracket (20) is fixedly connected to the mounting plate (14) located inside the heat-conducting box (22). The second bracket (20) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the heat-conducting box (22). A first bracket (15) is fixedly connected to the mounting plate (14) located outside the heat-conducting box (22).

4. The circulating equipment for co-generation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom of the heat-conducting box (22) is fixedly connected to two baffles (27), which are located on both sides of the biomass discharge channel (23) and two mounting plates (14) are located between the two baffles (27).

5. The circulating equipment for co-generation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mounting plate (14) is fixedly installed with a scraper (30) at one end inside the heat conduction box (22). The scraper (30) is located between the two mounting plates (14). One side of the scraper (30) is close to the conveyor belt (13), and the other side is inclined towards the biomass discharge channel (23).

6. The circulating equipment for co-generation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The biochar inlet (19) is located in the middle of the top surface of the char box (1), and the biochar inlet (19) is connected to the char outlet of the pyrolysis furnace (5) through the first biochar conveyor (3); the top surface of the heat-conducting box (22) is an inclined surface that slopes downward from the middle to the left and right sides.

7. The circulating equipment for co-generation according to claim 6, characterized in that, The bottom of the charcoal box (1) is in the shape of an inverted quadrangular truncated pyramid, and the biochar outlet (21) is located on the bottom surface of the charcoal box (1).

8. The circulating equipment for co-generation according to claim 6, characterized in that, Below the charcoal box (1) is a second biochar conveyor (16) for conveying biochar in the preheating chamber (25) to a designated position. The inlet of the second biochar conveyor (16) is connected to the biochar outlet (21).

9. The circulating equipment for co-generation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The circulating equipment also includes a buffer smoke tower (7) and a combustion furnace (8). The pyrolysis furnace (5) and the buffer smoke tower (7) are connected by a first pipe (6), and an air pump is provided on the first pipe (6). The buffer smoke tower (7) and the combustion furnace (8) are connected by a third pipe.

10. The circulating equipment for co-generation according to claim 9, characterized in that, The combustion furnace (8) and the pyrolysis furnace (5) are connected by a second pipe (10).

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