Harrow-type film mulching and hole planting machine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of hoe type film mulching hole drill, comprising: tractor and hole opening and seeding assembly, tractor is provided with power output shaft, hole opening and seeding assembly includes: assembly installation frame, one side is provided with the transmission gear box being connected with power output shaft, transmission gear box is detachably connected with tractor by universal shaft;Film mulching device, set in the front lower part of assembly installation frame;Multiple hole opening and seeding mechanism, transverse arrangement is set in the middle part of general frame body, and hole opening and seeding mechanism includes the transmission shaft being connected with the output end of transmission gear box and seed guiding interface;Multiple seed bin device, lower end is provided with the discharge port being communicated with seed guiding interface, and seed bin device is used to regularly, quantitatively to hole opening and seeding mechanism inside seed is put in.The utility model realizes film mulching, film pressing, hole opening, precision seeding integrated continuous operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of agricultural equipment, and in particular to a hoe-type mulching and hole-planting machine. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional mulching and sowing operations typically involve first covering the film and then manually or mechanically breaking the film for sowing. This method suffers from problems such as process separation, low efficiency, and high labor intensity. Manual film breaking is not only slow but also makes it difficult to guarantee the quality of the holes, easily causing large-area tears in the film and affecting its heat and moisture retention effects. Simple mechanical film breaking and sowing devices generally suffer from irregular hole openings, poor sowing accuracy (such as missed sowing or double sowing), mismatch between the seed hole and the film breaking position, asynchronous mechanical actions leading to seed jamming or damage, and inconvenient replacement of roll-type film, affecting the continuity of operations. Existing technologies lack a hoe-type mulching and sowing machine that can efficiently, accurately, and in an integrated manner complete mulching, film pressing, precise film breaking, regular hole opening, and precision sowing, while also being easy to maintain and operate. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a hoe-type film-covered seeding machine to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0004] According to one aspect of the present invention, a hoe-type mulching seeder is provided, comprising: a tractor and a seeding assembly, wherein the tractor is provided with a power output shaft, and the seeding assembly comprises:

[0005] The assembly mounting frame has a transmission gearbox on one side that is connected to the power output shaft. The transmission gearbox is detachably connected to the tractor vehicle via a universal joint.

[0006] A film covering device is located at the lower front part of the assembly mounting frame. The film covering device is used to store roll-type mulch film and smoothly release the mulch film with the traction speed.

[0007] Multiple hole-opening and sowing mechanisms are arranged horizontally in the middle of the overall frame. The hole-opening and sowing mechanisms are used to pierce the mulch film, open the mulch film, make soil holes and put in seeds. The hole-opening and sowing mechanisms include a drive shaft connected to the output end of the transmission gearbox and a seed guide interface.

[0008] Multiple seed bins are provided, the number of which corresponds to the number of the hole-opening sowing mechanism. The seed bins are located above the hole-opening sowing mechanism, and the lower end of the seed bins is provided with a discharge port that communicates with the seed guide interface. The seed bins are used to periodically and quantitatively add seeds into the hole-opening sowing mechanism.

[0009] The main pressing rollers are located on both sides of the rear of the assembly mounting frame. The main pressing rollers are used to press the two sides of the mulch film into the soil.

[0010] In some embodiments, the mulching device includes: a mulch support, which includes a roll for holding a roll of mulch film, and a connecting bracket disposed on the roll;

[0011] The roll includes a membrane roll, openings at both ends of the membrane roll, and a membrane outlet at the lower end of the membrane roll;

[0012] A membrane tube cap is disposed at both ends of the membrane tube and can be flipped relative to the membrane tube to either a closed position to close the opening or an open position to open the opening;

[0013] A positioning mechanism is provided in the membrane tube cover and is used to support the roll-type mulch film;

[0014] When the membrane tube cover flips from the open position to the closed position, the positioning mechanism gradually approaches the roll-type mulch film to lift it up and suspend it inside the roll;

[0015] The positioning mechanism includes a positioning cone, a connecting shaft connected to the positioning cone, and a rotating handle connected to the connecting shaft. The positioning cone and the rotating handle are located on the inner and outer sides of the membrane tube cover, respectively.

[0016] In some embodiments, the hole-opening seeding mechanism includes:

[0017] A fixing plate is fixedly installed on the assembly mounting frame;

[0018] A drive shaft is rotatably connected to the fixed plate and connected to the output end of the transmission gearbox.

[0019] A cam is rotatably mounted on one side of the fixed plate and is connected to the drive shaft for transmission.

[0020] The first hinge arm has its upper end rotatably connected to the lower side of the fixed plate;

[0021] The duck head is located at the lower end of the first hinge arm;

[0022] The second hinge arm has its upper end rotatably connected to the cam and its lower end hinged to the first hinge arm.

[0023] The duck head includes:

[0024] A duckbill mounting base, with the seed guide interface provided at its upper end;

[0025] The duckbill includes two opening and closing blocks. The upper part of each opening and closing block is rotatably connected to the lower two sides of the duckbill mounting base. The upper parts of the two opening and closing blocks on both sides are provided with interlocking teeth. A first return spring is connected between the duckbill mounting base and one of the opening and closing blocks, so that the two opening and closing blocks are in a closed state when at rest. The opposite surfaces of the two opening and closing blocks on both sides are respectively provided with arc-shaped grooves, which form a seed storage cavity when closed. The seed guide interface is connected to the seed storage cavity.

[0026] Acupuncture needles are placed at the lower part of each of the opening and closing blocks, and the acupuncture needles on both sides combine to form a spike when the duckbill is closed;

[0027] The opening and closing rod is fixedly connected to the opening and closing block on one side;

[0028] The control lever is rotatably connected to the upper part of the fixed plate and contacts the movable contour surface of the cam;

[0029] An opening and closing steel wire rope is connected between the control rod and the opening and closing rod;

[0030] When the cam rotates under the drive of the transmission shaft, it drives the duck head to move up and down through the linkage of the first hinge arm and the second hinge arm; at the same time, it drives the duck beak to open and close through the linkage of the control rod, the opening and closing steel wire rope and the opening and closing rod.

[0031] In some embodiments, the seed storage device includes:

[0032] A grain bin, used for storing seeds;

[0033] The hopper body is provided with an inlet and an outlet that communicate with the hopper.

[0034] A discharge mechanism is provided inside the hopper and is used to quantitatively transport the seeds at the inlet to the outlet; the discharge mechanism includes a discharge shaft connected to a seed dispensing power source, a discharge cylinder provided on the discharge shaft, and a quantitative hopper recessed on the discharge cylinder; the discharge cylinder is disposed close to the outlet to separate the inlet and the outlet;

[0035] When the quantitative hopper passes the inlet, the seeds in the hopper fall into the quantitative hopper and rotate with the quantitative hopper to the outlet for discharge.

[0036] In some embodiments, the positioning mechanism further includes a bearing disposed between the connecting shaft and the membrane tube cover; the positioning mechanism further includes a bushing disposed inside the membrane tube cover, the bushing having a mounting cavity for the bearing to be embedded in, the bushing being connected to the membrane tube cover to confine the bearing within the mounting cavity; a spring is disposed between the positioning cone and the connecting shaft to allow the positioning cone to move relative to the connecting shaft along the axial direction of the connecting shaft; one end of the positioning cone has a conical surface for insertion into the rolled mulch film, and the other end has an inner cavity for mounting the spring; the connecting shaft has a sliding groove, and the positioning cone has a positioning pin passing through the sliding groove, the positioning pin keeping the connecting shaft inserted into the inner cavity.

[0037] In some embodiments, a first drive sprocket is connected to one side of the drive shaft, and the first drive sprocket is located on the right side of the fixed plate; a second drive sprocket is rotatably disposed on the right side of the fixed plate, and the first drive sprocket and the second drive sprocket are connected by a chain drive; a cam is rotatably disposed on the left side of the fixed plate, and the cam is coaxially disposed with the second drive sprocket; the first hinge arm includes a first hinge rod, a second hinge rod, and a hinge plate, the upper end of the first hinge rod is rotatably connected to the lower part of the fixed plate, the lower end of the second hinge rod is fixedly connected to the duck head, and the lower end of the first hinge rod and the upper end of the second hinge rod are connected through the hinge plate; a guide block is fixedly disposed on the lower part of the fixed plate, and a guide groove for the guide block to move is disposed in the middle of the second hinge arm; the lower end of the second hinge arm is hinged to the second hinge rod.

[0038] In some embodiments, an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the capacity of the metering bin is further included; the adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment wheel disposed on the discharge shaft, an adjustment block embedded in the metering bin, and an adjustment assembly disposed between the adjustment wheel and the adjustment block. The adjustment wheel drives the adjustment block to move along the length direction of the metering bin to reduce or increase the space occupied by the metering bin. The adjustment assembly includes a first rotating sleeve sleeved on the discharge shaft and rotating synchronously with the adjustment wheel, and a second rotating sleeve threadedly engaged with the first rotating sleeve. The adjustment block is disposed on the second rotating sleeve. When the adjustment wheel rotates around the discharge shaft, the first rotating sleeve rotates relative to the second rotating sleeve to drive the adjustment block to move along the axial direction of the discharge shaft, thereby adjusting the insertion depth into the metering bin. A plurality of metering bins are evenly spaced along the circumference of the discharge cylinder, and a plurality of adjustment blocks are evenly spaced along the circumference of the second rotating sleeve, with each metering bin corresponding to one adjustment block. The adjustment block remains inserted into the metering bin so that the discharge cylinder and the second rotating sleeve rotate synchronously.

[0039] In some embodiments, the seeding power source is an electric motor, which is disposed on one side of the assembly mounting frame.

[0040] In some embodiments, a secondary pressure film roller is provided between adjacent hole-opening seeding mechanisms.

[0041] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are as follows:

[0042] The hoe-type mulching seeder provided by this utility model significantly improves work efficiency and quality;

[0043] This invention enables integrated continuous operation of mulching, pressing, hole opening, and precision sowing.

[0044] 1. Efficient and convenient film covering and positioning: The film covering device adopts a flip-top film cylinder cover design with a positioning cone. When closed, it automatically lifts the rolled film to suspend it in the air, which greatly reduces the rotation friction of the rolled film and ensures smooth film laying.

[0045] 2. Precise Integrated Film Breaking, Hole Opening, and Sowing: The innovative duckbill-type hole opening and sowing mechanism, driven by a cam, achieves lifting and lowering through a hinged arm system, and is linked to a control rod and steel wire rope to precisely control the opening and closing of the duckbill. When the duck head descends, the closed, spike-shaped hole opening needle precisely pierces the mulch film. After reaching the desired position, the duckbill opens, and the hole opening needle simultaneously expands to both sides to form regular seed holes. The seeds then accurately fall from the seed storage chamber into the holes. A single action seamlessly completes film breaking, hole opening, and sowing, resulting in high efficiency and precise positioning, effectively preventing missed sowing, double sowing, and mulch film tearing.

[0046] 3. Precision seed metering adjustable: The seed bin device adopts a discharge cylinder structure with a quantitative bin, and is equipped with an adjustable block depth adjustment mechanism to realize quantitative and timed seed dispensing, and can flexibly adapt to the agronomic requirements of different seeding rates;

[0047] 4. Secure film pressing: The main pressing wheel and the secondary pressing wheel work together to ensure that the film is pressed into the soil on both sides and that the film between rows is tightly adhered to the soil.

[0048] 5. Compact and reliable structure: The transmission gearbox provides centralized drive, and various mechanisms achieve precise synchronization and coordination of complex movements through cams, hinges, and pull ropes. The overall structure is modular, detachable, and easy to maintain. This machine significantly improves the mechanization, precision, and efficiency of mulching and seeding operations. Attached Figure Description

[0049] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of this utility model;

[0051] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rear structure of this utility model;

[0052] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0053] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the membrane tube cover in the open position;

[0054] Figure 6 This is a half-sectional view of the positioning mechanism;

[0055] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the hole-opening and seeding mechanism of this utility model;

[0056] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the left side structure of the hole-opening and seeding mechanism of this utility model;

[0057] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the right side structure of the hole-opening and seeding mechanism of this utility model;

[0058] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the duck head of this utility model;

[0059] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the duckbill of this utility model;

[0060] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the opening / closing rod and the opening / closing block of this utility model;

[0061] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the seed storage device of this utility model;

[0062] Figure 14 yes Figure 13 Internal structure Figure 1 ;

[0063] Figure 15 yes Figure 13 Sectional view at point AA;

[0064] Figure 16 yes Figure 13 Internal structure Figure 2 ;

[0065] Figure 17 yes Figure 13 Internal structure Figure 3 . Detailed Implementation

[0066] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0067] refer to Figures 1 to 17 This application provides a hoe-type mulching seeder, including: a tractor and a seeding assembly, wherein the tractor is provided with a power output shaft, and the seeding assembly includes:

[0068] The assembly mounting frame 3 has a transmission gearbox 31 connected to the power output shaft on one side. The transmission gearbox 31 is detachably connected to the tractor vehicle via a universal joint.

[0069] The film covering device 9 is located at the lower front part of the assembly mounting frame 3. The film covering device 9 is used to store the roll film and smoothly release the film with the traction speed.

[0070] Multiple hole-opening and sowing mechanisms are arranged horizontally in the middle of the overall frame. The hole-opening and sowing mechanisms are used to pierce the mulch film, open the mulch film, make soil holes and put in seeds. The hole-opening and sowing mechanisms include a drive shaft 11 connected to the output end of the transmission gearbox 31 and a seed guide interface 22.

[0071] Multiple seed bins 8 are provided, the number of which corresponds to the number of the hole-opening sowing mechanism. The seed bins 8 are located above the hole-opening sowing mechanism. The lower end of the seed bin is provided with a discharge port 822 that communicates with the seed guide interface 22. The seed bins 8 are used to periodically and quantitatively feed seeds into the hole-opening sowing mechanism.

[0072] The seed guide interface 22 is connected to the discharge port 822 via a spring sleeve.

[0073] The main pressing rollers 32 are located on both sides of the rear of the assembly mounting frame 3. The main pressing rollers 32 are used to press the two sides of the mulch film into the soil.

[0074] The coating device 9 includes:

[0075] The mulch film support 91 includes a roll 92 for holding a roll of mulch film, and a connecting bracket 93 disposed on the roll 92; the connecting bracket is used to connect to a seeder or rice transplanter.

[0076] The roll 92 includes a membrane roll 921, openings 922 at both ends of the membrane roll 921, and a membrane outlet 923 at the lower end of the membrane roll 921.

[0077] A membrane tube cover 94 is disposed at both ends of the membrane tube 921 and is flipped relative to the membrane tube 921 to either the closed position that closes the opening 922 or the open position that opens the opening 922.

[0078] A positioning mechanism 95 is disposed in the membrane tube cover 94 and is used to support the roll-type mulch film;

[0079] When the membrane cover 94 is flipped from the open position to the closed position, the positioning mechanism 95 gradually approaches the rolled mulch film to lift it up and suspend it inside the roll 92.

[0080] When using the film, first open the film tube cover, put the roll film into the roll, and then close the film tube cover. When the film tube cover flips from the open position to the closed position, the positioning mechanism gradually approaches the roll film and lifts the roll film, supporting the roll film to suspend inside the roll, thus avoiding contact between the roll film and the film tube, which would affect the rotation of the roll film when unwinding or rewinding.

[0081] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of this solution and not a limitation, the positioning mechanism 95 includes a positioning cone 951, a connecting shaft 952 connected to the positioning cone 951, and a rotating handle 953 connected to the connecting shaft 952. The positioning cone 951 and the rotating handle 953 are located on the inner and outer sides of the film roll cover 94, respectively. After the roll-type mulch film is installed, it needs to be manually unwound. The rotating handle can drive the positioning cone to rotate, and under its own weight, the roll-type mulch film rotates with the positioning cone. After the unwound mulch film is pressed and fixed, the mulching mechanism moves with the seeder, and the roll-type mulch film is unwound accordingly.

[0082] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of this solution and not a limitation, the positioning mechanism 95 also includes a bearing 954 disposed between the connecting shaft 952 and the membrane cap 94. This improves load-bearing capacity and makes rotation smoother.

[0083] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of this solution and not a limitation, the positioning mechanism 95 further includes a bushing 956 disposed inside the membrane tube cover 94. The bushing 956 has a mounting cavity 957 for the bearing 954 to be embedded in. The bushing 956 is connected to the membrane tube cover 94 to confine the bearing 954 within the mounting cavity 957. This method ensures a secure and reliable installation.

[0084] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of this solution and not a limitation, a spring 955 is provided between the positioning cone 951 and the connecting shaft 952, allowing the positioning cone 951 to move relative to the connecting shaft 952 along the axial direction of the connecting shaft 952. Under the action of the spring, the positioning cone can maintain a top pressure on the rolled-up mulch film.

[0085] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of this solution and not a limitation, one end of the positioning cone 951 is provided with a conical surface 9511 for insertion into the rolled mulch film, and the other end is provided with an inner cavity 9512 for mounting the spring 955. The connecting shaft 952 is provided with a sliding groove 9521, and the positioning cone 951 is provided with a positioning pin 9522 passing through the sliding groove 9521. The positioning pin 9522 keeps the connecting shaft 952 inserted into the inner cavity 9512.

[0086] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of this solution and not a limitation, it also includes a locking mechanism 96 for locking the membrane tube cover 94 in the closed position. After the locking mechanism locks the membrane tube cover, the positioning cone can maintain support for the rolled mulch film.

[0087] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of this solution and not a limitation thereof, the locking mechanism 96 includes a locking pin 961 disposed on the membrane tube cover 94, a locking buckle 962 hinged to the membrane tube 921, and a locking knob 963 threadedly connected to the membrane tube 921. When the membrane tube cover 94 is in the closed position, the locking buckle 962 rotates to engage with the locking pin 961, and the locking knob 963 presses the locking buckle 962 to restrict its rotation.

[0088] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of this solution and not a limitation, the locking mechanism 96 further includes a support member 964 disposed on the membrane tube 921. The support member 964 is provided with a guide slope 965. When the membrane tube cover 94 is flipped from the open position to the closed position, the locking pin 961 moves along the guide slope 965 to the support member 964 and is restrained between the locking buckle 962 and the support member 964. This prevents the locking pin from disengaging and strengthens the support for the membrane tube cover.

[0089] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of this solution and not a limitation, the membrane cap 94 is hinged to the connecting bracket 93.

[0090] The hole-opening sowing mechanism includes: a fixed plate 1, fixedly mounted on a hoe-type mulching hole-opening machine; a drive shaft 11, rotatably connected to the fixed plate 1 and drively connected to the output shaft of the hoe-type mulching hole-opening machine; a cam 12, rotatably mounted on one side of the fixed plate 1 and drively connected to the drive shaft 11; a first hinge arm 13, the upper end of which is rotatably connected to the lower side of the fixed plate 1; a duck head 2, located at the lower end of the first hinge arm 13; and a second hinge arm 14, the upper end of which is rotatably connected to the cam 12, and the lower end of which is hinged to the first hinge arm 13. The duck head 2 includes: a duck beak mounting base 21, the upper end of which is provided with a seed guide interface 22; and a duck beak 23, including two opening and closing blocks 231, the upper parts of which are rotatably connected to the lower sides of the duck beak mounting base 21, with meshing teeth 232 between the upper parts of the two opening and closing blocks 231, and a first reset pull connecting the duck beak mounting base 21 and one side opening and closing block 231. A spring ensures that the two opening and closing blocks 231 are in a closed state when stationary; arc-shaped grooves 234 are respectively provided on the opposite surfaces of the two opening and closing blocks 231, forming a seed storage cavity 235 when closed; the seed guide interface 22 is connected to the seed storage cavity 235; the opening needle 24 is provided at the lower part of each opening and closing block 231, and the two opening needles 24 on both sides combine to form a spike 241 when the duck beak 23 is closed; the opening and closing rod 25 is fixed to the opening and closing block 231 on one side; the control rod 15 is rotatably connected to the upper part of the fixed plate 1 and contacts the movable contour surface of the cam 12; the opening and closing steel wire rope (not shown in the figure) is connected between the control rod 15 and the opening and closing rod 25; when the cam 12 rotates under the drive of the transmission shaft 11, it drives the duck head 2 to move up and down through the linkage of the first hinge arm 13 and the second hinge arm 14; at the same time, the opening and closing of the duck beak 23 is driven through the linkage of the control rod 15, the opening and closing steel wire rope and the opening and closing rod 25.

[0091] In this embodiment, the hoe-type mulching seeder has an output shaft, which drives the transmission shaft 11 to rotate via a gearbox; the hoe-type mulching seeder has a seed bin, which intermittently releases a certain amount of seeds into the seed guide interface 22 according to the distance of the tractor's movement (i.e., the plant spacing).

[0092] The shape of the acupoint opening needle 24 can be changed according to actual needs; in this embodiment, the acupoint opening needle 24 is thin and suitable for opening holes in paddy fields to reduce mud adhesion; for dry fields, the acupoint opening needle 24 is wide.

[0093] A first return spring is connected between the duckbill mounting base 21 and the opening and closing block 231 on one side. Specifically, the first return spring is connected between the rear left side of the duckbill mounting base 21 and the opening and closing block 231 on the right side, so that when stationary, the opening and closing blocks 231 on both sides are in a closed state under the structure of the toothed part 232.

[0094] In some embodiments, a first drive sprocket 16 is connected to one side of the drive shaft 11, and the first drive sprocket 16 is located on the right side of the fixed plate 1; a second drive sprocket 17 is rotatably disposed on the right side of the fixed plate 1, and the first drive sprocket 16 and the second drive sprocket 17 are connected by a chain (not shown in the figure); a cam 12 is rotatably disposed on the left side of the fixed plate 1, and the cam 12 is coaxially disposed with the second drive sprocket 17.

[0095] In some embodiments, the first hinge arm 13 includes a first hinge rod 131, a second hinge rod 132, and a hinge plate 133. The upper end of the first hinge rod 131 is rotatably connected to the lower part of the fixed plate 1, the lower end of the second hinge rod 132 is fixedly connected to the duck head 2, and the lower end of the first hinge rod 131 and the upper end of the second hinge rod 132 are connected by the hinge plate 133.

[0096] In some embodiments, a guide block 18 is fixedly provided at the lower part of the fixed plate 1, and a guide groove 141 for the guide block 18 to move is provided at the middle part of the second hinge arm 14; the lower end of the second hinge arm 14 is hinged to the second hinge rod 132.

[0097] The drive shaft 11 drives the cam 12 to rotate synchronously through the first drive sprocket 16, chain and second drive sprocket 17. The lift section of the outer contour of the cam 12 pushes the second articulated arm 14 to swing around the fixed plate 1. Through the sliding cooperation between the guide groove 141 and the guide block 18, the lower end of the second articulated arm 14 pulls the second articulated rod 132 downward. At the same time, the first articulated rod 131 rotates about the hinge point of the fixed plate 1 as the axis, causing the duck head 2 to descend vertically.

[0098] In some embodiments, a second reset spring 19 is connected between the fixing plate 1 and the duckbill mounting base 21. The addition of the second reset spring 19 makes the lifting and lowering of the duck head 2 more stable and less impactful, effectively extending the mechanical life and reducing noise during high-speed operation.

[0099] In some embodiments, when the duckbill 23 opens, the seeds in the seed storage cavity 235 fall out under the action of gravity; at the same time, the two opening needles 24 open.

[0100] In some embodiments, the rotation of cam 12 simultaneously drives duck head 2 to descend and pierce the film, opening needle 24 to open the film, duck beak 23 to open for sowing, duck head 2 to rise and reset, and duck beak 23 to close.

[0101] Sowing action phase:

[0102] When the duck head 2 descends to its lowest position (corresponding to the maximum lift point of cam 12), the spike 241 of the opening needle 24 pierces the mulch film. At this time, the high point of cam 12 presses the control rod 15 to rotate around the fulcrum on the fixed plate 1, pulling the opening rod 25 through the opening and closing steel wire rope, forcing one side of the opening block 231 to rotate around the axis of the duck beak mounting seat 21; because the meshing teeth 232 on the upper part of the opening block 231 mesh with each other, the other side of the opening block 231 rotates synchronously in the opposite direction, realizing the symmetrical opening of the duck beak 23. The seeds in the seed storage chamber 235 fall into the soil under the film under the action of gravity, while the opening needles 24 on both sides expand obliquely outward, expanding the piercing hole into a regular round hole (to prevent the film from tearing).

[0103] Reset phase:

[0104] After the cam 12 enters the return section, the second reset spring 19 releases its elasticity, pulling the duckbill mounting seat 21 upward, and the duck head 2 rises as a whole; at the same time, the control rod 15 disengages from the contour of the cam 12, the opening and closing steel wire rope loosens, and the duckbill 23 closes under the action of the first reset spring, preparing for the next seed supply from the seed guide interface 22.

[0105] This utility model achieves precise coordination and efficient integration of three core actions under a single seeding power source: raising and lowering of the duck head 2, piercing and opening of the membrane by the acupuncture needle 24, and opening and closing of the duck beak 23 for seeding, through the linkage design driven by the cam 12.

[0106] Its beneficial effects are significant:

[0107] Integrated and efficient operation: During the descent of the duck head 2, the combined hole-opening needle 24 accurately pierces the plastic film. Then the duck beak 23 opens, and the hole-opening needle 24 moves to both sides in sync to expand the piercing point into a regular hole. At the same time, the seed falls accurately into the hole. The entire process of breaking the film, opening the hole, and sowing is completed in a single stroke, which greatly improves the efficiency of operation.

[0108] High-quality membrane puncture and hole opening: The combination of 24 opening needles forms a sharp point that facilitates membrane puncture, and the opening action forms regular holes, effectively reducing membrane tearing and protecting the integrity of the membrane;

[0109] Precise and reliable sowing: The duckbill 23 opens only after it has descended to the correct position and the hole-opening needle 24 has opened, ensuring that the seeds fall precisely into the holes formed by the broken film, avoiding missed sowing or deviation;

[0110] Compact and well-coordinated structure: Cam 12, as the core driving element, achieves precise transmission and synchronous control of complex movements through articulated arm system, control rod 15, and opening and closing steel wire rope. The structure is reasonable and reliable, and the operation is smooth and stable. Overall, it significantly improves the mechanization level and operation quality of mulching and seeding.

[0111] Seed storage device, including

[0112] Container 81, used for storing seeds;

[0113] The hopper body 82 is provided with a feed inlet 821 communicating with the hopper 81 and a discharge outlet 822;

[0114] A discharge mechanism 83 is disposed within the hopper 82 and is used to quantitatively transport seeds from the inlet 821 to the outlet 822. The discharge mechanism 83 includes a discharge shaft 831 connected to a seed dispensing power source, a discharge cylinder 832 disposed on the discharge shaft 831, and a quantitative hopper 833 recessed in the discharge cylinder 832. The discharge cylinder 832 is disposed close to the outlet 822 to separate the inlet 821 and the outlet 822.

[0115] When the quantitative hopper 833 passes through the feed inlet 821, the seeds in the hopper 81 fall into the quantitative hopper 833 and rotate with the quantitative hopper 833 to the discharge outlet 822 for discharge.

[0116] When in use, the seeds are first placed in the hopper. After passing through the inlet, the seeds fall into the metering hopper. When the discharge shaft rotates, it drives the discharge cylinder to rotate, causing the metering hopper to rotate to the discharge outlet and discharge. Because the seeds outside the metering hopper are blocked by the inlet, they cannot enter the discharge outlet. Only the seeds in the metering hopper can pass through, thus achieving the effect of metered sowing.

[0117] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of this solution and not a limitation thereof, it also includes a seed bin frame 86 disposed on the bin body and used for connection with a seeder.

[0118] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of this solution and not a limitation, it also includes an adjustment mechanism 84 for adjusting the capacity of the quantitative container 833. This allows for adjustment of the seeding rate according to seeding requirements.

[0119] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of this solution and not a limitation, the adjusting mechanism 84 includes an adjusting wheel 841 disposed on the discharge shaft 831, an adjusting block 842 embedded in the metering bin 833, and an adjusting assembly disposed between the adjusting wheel 841 and the adjusting block 842. The adjusting wheel 841 drives the adjusting block 842 to move along the length of the metering bin 833 to reduce or increase the space occupied by the metering bin 833. Since the sowing amount is the amount of seeds stored in the metering bin, adjusting the size of the metering bin is equivalent to adjusting the storage amount.

[0120] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of this solution and not a limitation, the adjusting assembly includes a first rotating sleeve 843 sleeved on the discharge shaft 831 and rotating synchronously with the adjusting wheel 841, and a second rotating sleeve 844 threadedly engaged with the first rotating sleeve 843. The adjusting block 842 is disposed on the second rotating sleeve 844. When the adjusting wheel 841 rotates around the discharge shaft 831, the first rotating sleeve 843 rotates relative to the second rotating sleeve 844, thereby driving the adjusting block 842 to move along the axial direction of the discharge shaft 831, thereby adjusting the insertion depth into the metering chamber 833. The adjusting wheel drives the first rotating sleeve to rotate. At this time, since the seeding power source is not started, the discharge shaft and discharge cylinder are stationary. The second rotating sleeve, under the threaded engagement, drives the adjusting block to move along the axial direction of the discharge cylinder.

[0121] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of this solution and not a limitation, the plurality of metering bins 833 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the discharge cylinder 832, and the plurality of adjusting blocks 842 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the second rotating sleeve 844, with each metering bin 833 corresponding to one adjusting block 842. After the seeding power source is started, it drives the discharge shaft to rotate, thereby achieving uniformly spaced material discharge.

[0122] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of this solution and not a limitation thereof, the adjusting block 842 is kept inserted into the metering chamber 833 so that the discharge cylinder 832 and the second rotating sleeve 844 rotate synchronously.

[0123] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of this solution and not a limitation, the adjusting mechanism 84 further includes a switching component. This switching component is used to cause the discharge cylinder 832 to rotate synchronously with the first rotating sleeve 843, so that all three rotate synchronously with the second rotating sleeve 844, maintaining the space occupied by the adjusting block 842; or it is used to cause the first rotating sleeve 843 and the second rotating sleeve 844 to rotate relative to each other, thereby adjusting the space occupied by the adjusting block 842. The switching component ensures that after the seeding power source is started, the first and second rotating sleeves will not rotate relative to each other, i.e., the adjusting block will not move, and the storage capacity of the metering bin remains fixed.

[0124] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of this solution and not a limitation, the switching assembly includes a preload spring 845 with both ends pressing against the discharge cylinder 832 and the first rotating sleeve 843 respectively. When the discharge shaft 831 drives the discharge cylinder 832 to rotate, the first rotating sleeve 843 is pressed by the preload spring 845 so that the first rotating sleeve 843 rotates synchronously with the discharge cylinder 832. When the adjusting wheel 841 drives the first rotating sleeve 843 to rotate, the first rotating sleeve 843 overcomes the pressing force of the preload spring 845 and rotates relative to the second rotating sleeve 844.

[0125] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of this solution, and not a limitation thereof, it also includes an anti-crushing mechanism 85 for confining seeds outside the metering bin 833 at the feed inlet 821. This is to prevent seeds from being crushed in the gap between the feed inlet and the discharge cylinder during discharge, thus preventing damage to the seeds.

[0126] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of this solution and not a limitation, the anti-crushing mechanism 85 includes a brush head 851 disposed within the chamber 82, and a bristle brush 852 disposed on the brush head 851. The bristle brush 852 abuts against the outer wall of the discharge cylinder 832. When the metering chamber 833 passes the bristle brush 852 and leaves the inlet 821, the bristle brush 852 traps the seeds outside the metering chamber 833 at the inlet 821. This avoids the rigid gap between the inlet and the discharge cylinder, which could cause the seeds to be crushed and damaged.

[0127] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of this solution and not a limitation thereof, the discharge cylinder is provided with a limiting ring 87 for preventing the first rotating sleeve from disengaging from the discharge cylinder.

[0128] In some embodiments, the seeding power source is an electric motor, which is located on one side of the assembly mounting frame 3.

[0129] In some embodiments, a secondary pressure film roller 33 is provided between adjacent hole-opening seeding mechanisms.

[0130] In some embodiments, a front-mounted pressure film roller group 4 is provided on the lower side of the assembly mounting frame 3. The front-mounted pressure film roller group 4 includes two rows of six floats. The floats move up and down with the ground level and trigger changes in the tension of the steel wire, thereby sensing the ground level. The hydraulic system of the tractor automatically floats the entire seeder to ensure that the mulch film adheres tightly to the ground and expels air from the mulch film. By sensing the ground level height through the sensing steel wire, the seeder is controlled to automatically float up and down with the ground level, so that the hole-opening depth remains consistent.

[0131] Overall operation process of hoe-type film-mulching seeder:

[0132] Preparation and lamination stage:

[0133] Open the film tube covers 94 at both ends of the roll 92 and place the rolled mulch film into the film tube 921. When the film tube cover 94 is closed, the positioning cone 951 of the positioning mechanism 95, under the action of the spring 955, inserts into the center hole of the rolled mulch film and lifts it into the air, reducing friction; the handle 953 can be turned to manually unwind the roll. The locking mechanism 96 engages with the locking buckle 962 through the locking pin 961, and the locking knob 963 is tightened to fix the film tube cover.

[0134] The tractor moves forward, and the plastic film is released from the outlet 923 and laid on the ridge. The main pressing wheel 32 presses the edges of the plastic film tightly, and the secondary pressing wheel 33 presses the plastic film between the ridges.

[0135] Power transmission and seeding coordination:

[0136] The tractor's power take-off shaft drives the transmission gearbox 31, which in turn rotates the transmission shafts 11 of each hole-opening sowing mechanism. The seed discharging power source of the seed bin device, such as a motor, follows synchronously, driving the discharge shaft 831 to rotate the discharge cylinder 832.

[0137] Precision seed supply: Seeds from hopper 81 fall into quantitative hopper 833 through inlet 821. The brush 852 of anti-crushing mechanism 85 removes any remaining seeds from the gaps. When quantitative hopper 833 rotates to outlet 822, seeds fall into seed storage chamber 235 of duckbill 23 through seed guide interface 22. The seeding amount is adjusted by adjusting wheel 841: When rotating, it overcomes the resistance of pre-tight spring 845, driving the first rotating sleeve 843 and the second rotating sleeve 844 to move relative to each other, changing the depth of the adjusting block 842 inserted into quantitative hopper 833 to adjust the volume.

[0138] Integrated hole-opening and seeding operation:

[0139] Piercing the membrane to open the hole: The drive shaft 11 drives the cam 12 to rotate, which slides along the guide block 18 through the guide groove 141 of the second hinge arm 14 and is linked with the first hinge arm 13, pushing the duck head 2 down. The closed duck beak 23 is composed of the opening needle 24 to form the spike 241 that pierces the mulch film.

[0140] Precise seeding: When the duck head 2 reaches its lowest point, the contour of cam 12 pushes the control lever 15, which in turn pulls the opening and closing lever 25 via the opening and closing steel wire rope, causing the duck beak 23 to open against the force of the first reset spring.

[0141] The two sides of the acupoints are opened by 24 needles, which are then expanded obliquely outward to form regular acupoints;

[0142] The seeds in the seed storage chamber 235 fall precisely into the hole.

[0143] Reset and prepare seeds: After the cam 12 rotates into the return section, the second reset tension spring 19 pulls the duck head 2 to rise, the control lever 15 disengages from the cam 12, and the duck beak 23 closes and resets; the seed storage chamber 833 simultaneously replenishes seeds to the seed storage cavity 235.

[0144] Cyclic operation: The tractor moves forward continuously, the film covering device releases the film at a uniform speed, and the hole-opening and sowing mechanism performs the "descending-film-opening-sowing-ascending" action in a cycle according to the set plant spacing. The main / secondary film pressing wheels compact the film edges and between rows throughout the entire process, realizing the integrated continuous operation of film covering, precision sowing and compaction.

[0145] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A hoe-type film-mulching seeding machine, characterized in that, include: A tractor unit and a hole-opening and seeding assembly, wherein the tractor unit is equipped with a power take-off shaft, and the hole-opening and seeding assembly includes: The assembly mounting frame has a transmission gearbox on one side that is connected to the power output shaft. The transmission gearbox is detachably connected to the tractor vehicle via a universal joint. A film covering device is located at the lower front part of the assembly mounting frame. The film covering device is used to store roll-type mulch film and smoothly release the mulch film with the traction speed. Multiple hole-opening and sowing mechanisms are arranged horizontally in the middle of the overall frame. The hole-opening and sowing mechanisms are used to pierce the mulch film, open the mulch film, make soil holes and put in seeds. The hole-opening and sowing mechanisms include a drive shaft connected to the output end of the transmission gearbox and a seed guide interface. Multiple seed bins are provided, the number of which corresponds to the number of the hole-opening sowing mechanism. The seed bins are located above the hole-opening sowing mechanism, and the lower end of the seed bins is provided with a discharge port that communicates with the seed guide interface. The seed bins are used to periodically and quantitatively add seeds into the hole-opening sowing mechanism. The main pressing rollers are located on both sides of the rear of the assembly mounting frame. The main pressing rollers are used to press the two sides of the mulch film into the soil.

2. The hoe-type film-covered seeding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mulching device includes: a mulch film support, which includes a roll for holding a roll of mulch film, and a connecting bracket disposed on the roll; The roll includes a membrane roll, openings at both ends of the membrane roll, and a membrane outlet at the lower end of the membrane roll; A membrane tube cap is disposed at both ends of the membrane tube and can be flipped relative to the membrane tube to either a closed position to close the opening or an open position to open the opening; A positioning mechanism is provided in the membrane tube cover and is used to support the roll-type mulch film; When the membrane tube cover flips from the open position to the closed position, the positioning mechanism gradually approaches the roll-type mulch film to lift it up and suspend it inside the roll; The positioning mechanism includes a positioning cone, a connecting shaft connected to the positioning cone, and a rotating handle connected to the connecting shaft. The positioning cone and the rotating handle are located on the inner and outer sides of the membrane tube cover, respectively.

3. The hoe-type film-mulching seeding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hole-opening and seeding mechanism includes: A fixing plate is fixedly installed on the assembly mounting frame; A drive shaft is rotatably connected to the fixed plate and connected to the output end of the transmission gearbox. A cam is rotatably mounted on one side of the fixed plate and is connected to the drive shaft for transmission. The first hinge arm has its upper end rotatably connected to the lower side of the fixed plate; The duck head is located at the lower end of the first hinge arm; The second hinge arm has its upper end rotatably connected to the cam and its lower end hinged to the first hinge arm. The duck head includes: A duckbill mounting base, with the seed guide interface provided at its upper end; The duckbill includes two opening and closing blocks. The upper part of each opening and closing block is rotatably connected to the lower two sides of the duckbill mounting base. The upper parts of the two opening and closing blocks on both sides are provided with interlocking teeth. A first return spring is connected between the duckbill mounting base and one of the opening and closing blocks, so that the two opening and closing blocks are in a closed state when at rest. The opposite surfaces of the two opening and closing blocks on both sides are respectively provided with arc-shaped grooves, which form a seed storage cavity when closed. The seed guide interface is connected to the seed storage cavity. Acupuncture needles are placed at the lower part of each of the opening and closing blocks, and the acupuncture needles on both sides combine to form a spike when the duckbill is closed; The opening and closing rod is fixedly connected to the opening and closing block on one side; The control lever is rotatably connected to the upper part of the fixed plate and contacts the movable contour surface of the cam; An opening and closing steel wire rope is connected between the control rod and the opening and closing rod; When the cam rotates under the drive of the transmission shaft, it drives the duck head to move up and down through the linkage of the first hinge arm and the second hinge arm; at the same time, it drives the duck beak to open and close through the linkage of the control rod, the opening and closing steel wire rope and the opening and closing rod.

4. The hoe-type film-mulching seeding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The seed storage device includes: A grain bin, used for storing seeds; The hopper body is provided with an inlet and an outlet that communicate with the hopper. A discharge mechanism is provided inside the hopper and is used to quantitatively transport the seeds at the inlet to the outlet; the discharge mechanism includes a discharge shaft connected to a seed dispensing power source, a discharge cylinder provided on the discharge shaft, and a quantitative hopper recessed on the discharge cylinder; the discharge cylinder is disposed close to the outlet to separate the inlet and the outlet; When the quantitative hopper passes the inlet, the seeds in the hopper fall into the quantitative hopper and rotate with the quantitative hopper to the outlet for discharge.

5. The hoe-type film-covered seeding machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The positioning mechanism further includes a bearing disposed between the connecting shaft and the membrane tube cover; the positioning mechanism further includes a bushing disposed inside the membrane tube cover, the bushing having a mounting cavity for the bearing to be embedded in, the bushing being connected to the membrane tube cover to confine the bearing within the mounting cavity; a spring is disposed between the positioning cone and the connecting shaft to allow the positioning cone to move relative to the connecting shaft along the axial direction of the connecting shaft; one end of the positioning cone has a conical surface for insertion into the rolled mulch film, and the other end has an inner cavity for mounting the spring; the connecting shaft has a sliding groove, and the positioning cone has a positioning pin passing through the sliding groove, the positioning pin keeping the connecting shaft inserted into the inner cavity.

6. The hoe-type film-mulching seeding machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, A first drive sprocket is connected to one side of the drive shaft, and the first drive sprocket is located on the right side of the fixed plate; a second drive sprocket is rotatably arranged on the right side of the fixed plate, and the first drive sprocket and the second drive sprocket are connected by a chain drive; a cam is rotatably arranged on the left side of the fixed plate, and the cam and the second drive sprocket are coaxially arranged; the first hinge arm includes a first hinge rod, a second hinge rod, and a hinge plate, the upper end of the first hinge rod is rotatably connected to the lower part of the fixed plate, the lower end of the second hinge rod is fixedly connected to the duck head, and the lower end of the first hinge rod and the upper end of the second hinge rod are connected through the hinge plate; a guide block is fixedly provided on the lower part of the fixed plate, and a guide groove for the guide block to move is provided in the middle of the second hinge arm; the lower end of the second hinge arm is hinged to the second hinge rod.

7. The hoe-type film-covered seeding machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the capacity of the metering bin; the adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment wheel disposed on the discharge shaft, an adjustment block embedded in the metering bin, and an adjustment assembly disposed between the adjustment wheel and the adjustment block. The adjustment wheel drives the adjustment block to move along the length direction of the metering bin to reduce or increase the space occupied by the metering bin. The adjustment assembly includes a first rotating sleeve sleeved on the discharge shaft and rotating synchronously with the adjustment wheel, and a second rotating sleeve threadedly engaged with the first rotating sleeve. The adjustment block is disposed on the second rotating sleeve. When the adjustment wheel rotates around the discharge shaft, the first rotating sleeve rotates relative to the second rotating sleeve to drive the adjustment block to move along the axial direction of the discharge shaft, thereby adjusting the insertion depth into the metering bin. A plurality of metering bins are evenly spaced along the circumference of the discharge cylinder, and a plurality of adjustment blocks are evenly spaced along the circumference of the second rotating sleeve, with each metering bin corresponding to one adjustment block. The adjustment block remains inserted into the metering bin so that the discharge cylinder and the second rotating sleeve rotate synchronously.

8. The hoe-type film-covered seeding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The seeding power source is an electric motor, which is located on one side of the assembly mounting frame.

9. The hoe-type film-mulching seeding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, A secondary pressure film roller is provided between adjacent hole-opening and seeding mechanisms.

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