An external cylindrical lapping device

Abstract

This utility model discloses an external cylindrical grinding device, including a base, a workpiece driving mechanism, and a grinding mechanism. The grinding mechanism includes a crank mechanism, a guide rail, and a grinding block. A slider is slidably mounted on the guide rail, and the slider is connected to the crank mechanism, which drives the slider to slide along the guide rail. A vertical groove is formed on the upper side of the slider, and the grinding block is slidably mounted in the groove. A spring is provided between the grinding block and the bottom of the groove. Under the action of the spring, the upper end of the grinding block can extend out of the groove to fit tightly against the surface of the workpiece to be ground. This utility model, by employing a grinding device with a certain degree of elasticity, can adapt to different types of shaft workpieces to be ground, has good versatility, and during secondary processing, the grinding block can always be tightly fitted against the surface of the workpiece under the action of the spring, avoiding the impact of workpiece jump during secondary clamping on the original shape and position accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of mechanical equipment technology, and in particular to an external cylindrical grinding device. Background Technology

[0002] For machining high-precision external cylindrical surfaces, centerless external cylindrical grinding machines and conventional external cylindrical grinding machines are generally used. However, these machining equipment currently have the following main problems:

[0003] 1. Centerless cylindrical grinders cannot grind stepped shafts. General-purpose cylindrical grinders require center holes to be drilled at both ends of the workpiece for top grinding, or grinding with one end clamped. However, if rework or dimensional adjustments are needed, reclamping is necessary, inevitably causing runout. This will damage the original coaxiality accuracy during subsequent machining. Using a belt sander or manual operation with sandpaper results in low machining accuracy and damage to the original form and position tolerances, such as coaxiality and straightness, due to the low precision of the sandpaper itself and uneven grinding force.

[0004] 2. Grinding equipment that achieves high dimensional accuracy and low surface roughness is expensive to manufacture and has high processing costs. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide an external cylindrical grinding device to solve the problems of poor versatility, easy damage to the original precision during secondary processing, uneven grinding force, and low processing accuracy of the prior art.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] An external cylindrical grinding device includes a base, a workpiece driving mechanism, and a grinding mechanism. The workpiece driving mechanism is connected to the base and has a clamp for holding the workpiece to be ground. The workpiece driving mechanism is used to drive the workpiece to be ground to rotate.

[0008] The grinding mechanism includes a crank mechanism, a guide rail, and a grinding block. The guide rail is located below the jacket, and its length direction is consistent with the axial direction of the jacket. A slider is slidably mounted on the guide rail. The slider is connected to the crank mechanism, which drives the slider to slide along the guide rail. A vertical groove is provided on the upper side of the slider, and a grinding block is slidably mounted in the groove. A spring is provided between the grinding block and the bottom of the groove. Under the action of the spring, the upper end of the grinding block can extend out of the groove to fit tightly against the surface of the workpiece to be ground.

[0009] As an optimization, the workpiece driving mechanism includes a speed-regulating motor, which is fixedly connected to the bracket, and the clamp is connected to the motor shaft of the speed-regulating motor and can rotate with the motor shaft; the guide rail is located on the side of the clamp away from the speed-regulating motor.

[0010] As an optimization, the grinding block has a semi-circular groove formed on the side away from the spring, and the diameter of the semi-circular groove matches the diameter of the workpiece to be ground.

[0011] As an optimization, the crank mechanism includes a crank motor, a drive disc, and a crank. The crank motor is mounted on a base with its motor shaft vertically oriented. The drive disc is located on one side of the slider and coaxially mounted on the motor shaft of the crank motor. One end of the crank is hinged to the slider via a connecting shaft, and the other end is eccentrically connected to the drive disc. When the drive disc rotates under the drive of the crank motor, it can drive the slider to slide along the guide rail via the crank.

[0012] As an optimization, a handwheel is also included. The handwheel is coaxially connected to a first bevel gear rotatably mounted on the base. Correspondingly, a vertically arranged threaded hole is provided on the guide rail, and a vertically arranged adjusting shaft is installed on the base. The upper end of the adjusting shaft extends into the threaded hole and is threadedly connected to the guide rail, while the lower end is rotatably mounted on the base. A second bevel gear is provided on the adjusting shaft. The second bevel gear meshes with the first bevel gear, and the gear shaft of the second bevel gear is perpendicular to the gear shaft of the first bevel gear. Rotating the handwheel can drive the adjusting shaft to rotate through the engagement of the first and second bevel gears, and through the threaded connection between the adjusting shaft and the guide rail, the guide rail can be moved up and down along the axial direction of the adjusting shaft.

[0013] As an optimization, a vertically arranged guide rod is also provided on the base, and a guide hole is provided on the guide rail accordingly, and the guide rod is slidably inserted into the guide hole.

[0014] As an optimization, limit caps are provided at both ends of the connecting shaft so that the crank can always remain connected to the slider when the guide rail moves up and down.

[0015] As an optimization, the drive disc is provided with multiple eccentric connection holes, and correspondingly, the end of the crank is provided with an eccentric shaft. The eccentric shaft is rotatably inserted into the eccentric connection holes, and the eccentricity of the crank can be adjusted by inserting the eccentric shaft into different eccentric connection holes.

[0016] As an optimization, the crank is a retractable structure.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following advantages:

[0018] This invention employs a grinding device with a certain degree of elasticity, which can adapt to different types of shaft workpieces to be ground, exhibiting good versatility. During secondary processing, the grinding block remains in close contact with the surface of the workpiece under the action of the spring, avoiding the impact of workpiece bounce during secondary clamping on the original shape and position accuracy. Furthermore, the elastic structure ensures more uniform grinding force, high precision in fine-tuning dimensions, and ease of adjustment (with a fixed grinding paste type and grinding speed, the dimensions can be controlled by setting the grinding time), significantly reducing the surface roughness of the workpiece and improving grinding accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0020] In the diagram: 1 guide rail, 2 slider, 3 slide groove, 4 grinding block, 5 spring, 6 workpiece to be ground, 7 speed-regulating motor, 8 clamp, 9 drive disc, 10 crank, 11 base, 12 eccentric shaft, 13 handwheel, 14 adjusting shaft, 15 guide rod, 16 connecting shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] For specific implementation: see: Figure 1 ,

[0023] An embodiment of an external cylindrical grinding device includes a base 11, a workpiece driving mechanism, and a grinding mechanism. The workpiece driving mechanism is connected to the base 11 and has a clamp 8 for holding the workpiece 6 to be ground. The workpiece driving mechanism is used to drive the workpiece 6 to be ground to rotate.

[0024] The grinding mechanism includes a crank mechanism, a guide rail 1, and a grinding block 4. The guide rail 1 is located below the sleeve 8, and its length direction is consistent with the axial direction of the sleeve 8. A slider 2 is slidably mounted on the guide rail 1. The slider 2 is connected to the crank mechanism, which can drive the slider 2 to slide along the guide rail 1. A vertical groove 3 is provided on the upper side of the slider 2, and the grinding block 4 is slidably mounted in the groove 3. A spring 5 is provided between the grinding block 4 and the bottom of the groove 3. Under the action of the spring 5, the upper end of the grinding block 4 can extend out of the groove 3 to fit tightly against the surface of the workpiece 6 to be ground.

[0025] By employing a grinding device with a certain degree of elasticity, it can adapt to different types of shaft workpieces to be ground, exhibiting good versatility. During secondary processing, the grinding block 4, under the action of the spring 5, can always remain in close contact with the surface of the workpiece 6 to be ground, avoiding the impact of workpiece jumping during secondary clamping on the original form and position accuracy. Furthermore, the elastic structure ensures more uniform grinding force, high precision in fine-tuning dimensions, and ease of adjustment (with a fixed grinding paste type and grinding speed, the dimensions can be controlled by setting the grinding time), significantly reducing the surface roughness of the workpiece and improving grinding accuracy.

[0026] Specifically, the workpiece driving mechanism includes a speed-regulating motor 7, which is fixedly connected to the bracket, and a clamp 8 is connected to the motor shaft of the speed-regulating motor 7 and can rotate with the motor shaft; the guide rail 1 is located on the side of the clamp 8 away from the speed-regulating motor 7.

[0027] The grinding block 4 has a semi-circular groove formed on the side opposite to the spring 5. The diameter of the semi-circular groove matches the diameter of the workpiece 6 to be ground. Specifically, the diameter is slightly larger than the processing size of the workpiece 6 to be ground.

[0028] The crank mechanism includes a crank motor, a drive disk 9, and a crank 10. The crank motor is mounted on the base 11, and its motor shaft is vertically oriented. The drive disk 9 is located on one side of the slider 2 and is coaxially mounted on the motor shaft of the crank motor. One end of the crank is hinged to the slider 2 via a connecting shaft 16, and the other end is eccentrically connected to the drive disk. When the drive disk rotates under the drive of the crank motor, it can drive the slider 2 to slide along the guide rail via the crank 10, thereby adjusting the grinding position of the grinding block.

[0029] It also includes a handwheel 13, which is coaxially connected to a first bevel gear rotatably mounted on a base 11. Correspondingly, a vertically arranged threaded hole is provided on the guide rail 1, and a vertically arranged adjusting shaft 14 is installed on the base. The upper end of the adjusting shaft 14 extends into the threaded hole and is threadedly connected to the guide rail, while the lower end is rotatably mounted on the base 11. A second bevel gear is provided on the adjusting shaft 14, which meshes with the first bevel gear, and the gear shaft of the second bevel gear is perpendicular to the gear shaft of the first bevel gear. Rotating the handwheel 13 can drive the adjusting shaft 14 to rotate through the engagement of the first and second bevel gears, and through the threaded connection between the adjusting shaft 14 and the guide rail 1, drive the guide rail 1 to move up and down along the axial direction of the adjusting shaft 14. This is used to adjust the contact pressure between the grinding block 4 and the workpiece 6 to be ground, and also facilitates the replacement of the grinding block 4. This gear transmission mechanism is a conventional technology and is not shown in the figure, so it will not be described in detail.

[0030] To ensure the stability of the guide rail 1 in moving up and down, a vertically arranged guide rod 15 is provided on the base 11. Correspondingly, a guide hole is provided on the guide rail 1, and the guide rod 15 is slidably inserted into the guide hole.

[0031] To accommodate the up-and-down movement of the guide rail, the two ends of the connecting shaft 16 are provided with limit caps so that the crank 10 can always remain connected to the slider 2 when the guide rail 1 moves up and down.

[0032] The drive disc 9 has multiple eccentric connection holes 12. Correspondingly, the end of the crank 10 has an eccentric shaft, which rotatably passes through the eccentric connection holes 12. The eccentric shaft passing through different eccentric connection holes 12 allows for adjustment of the eccentricity of the crank 10. Specifically, the end of the crank 10 has an eccentric shaft, which is fitted into the eccentric connection hole 12 with a clearance fit, allowing the eccentric shaft to rotate within the eccentric connection hole 12. This enables the drive disc 9 to drive the slider 2 to slide along the guide rail 1 via the crank 10. The crank 10 is a telescopic structure, specifically a hydraulic telescopic rod or two interlocking rods connected by multiple adjusting bolts to adjust the length of the crank 10.

[0033] In operation, a speed-regulating motor drives the clamping components, including the chuck, to rotate the workpiece. A crank mechanism drives the grinding block in a reciprocating linear motion. Grinding paste is applied between the semi-circular groove on the grinding block (its diameter is slightly larger than the workpiece's machining dimension) and the workpiece to achieve grinding. A spring is installed at the bottom center of the grinding block to ensure elastic contact between the grinding block and the workpiece surface, guaranteeing a tight fit even during workpiece runout. The grinding torque is automatically balanced, eliminating the adverse effects of workpiece runout. The grinding stroke and position are adjusted by regulating the crank length and eccentricity, allowing for the grinding of various sizes of external cylindrical surfaces.

[0034] In summary, this utility model:

[0035] 1. It can perform dimensional fine-tuning of various types of external cylindrical surfaces (including stepped shafts and through shafts) to achieve high dimensional accuracy and reduce surface roughness. It allows for workpiece runout during clamping without changing the original form and position tolerances after machining.

[0036] 2. The equipment has a simple structure and low cost, and high processing efficiency.

[0037] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art can make various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations to these embodiments without departing from the principles and basis of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents. Therefore, the embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative examples and do not constitute a limitation on the present invention in any way.

Claims

1. An external cylindrical grinding device, characterized in that: It includes a base, a workpiece driving mechanism and a grinding mechanism. The workpiece driving mechanism is connected to the base and has a clamp for holding the workpiece to be ground. The workpiece driving mechanism is used to drive the workpiece to be ground to rotate. The grinding mechanism includes a crank mechanism, a guide rail, and a grinding block. The guide rail is located below the jacket, and its length direction is consistent with the axial direction of the jacket. A slider is slidably mounted on the guide rail. The slider is connected to the crank mechanism, which drives the slider to slide along the guide rail. A groove is vertically opened on the upper side of the slider. The grinding block is slidably mounted in the groove. A spring is provided between the grinding block and the bottom of the groove. Under the action of the spring, the upper end of the grinding block can extend out of the groove to fit tightly against the surface of the workpiece to be ground.

2. The external cylindrical grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The workpiece driving mechanism includes a speed-regulating motor, which is fixedly connected to the base. The clamp is connected to the motor shaft of the speed-regulating motor and can rotate with the motor shaft. The guide rail is located on the side of the clamp away from the speed-regulating motor.

3. The external cylindrical grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grinding block has a semi-circular groove formed on the side away from the spring, and the diameter of the semi-circular groove matches the diameter of the workpiece to be ground.

4. The external cylindrical grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crank mechanism includes a crank motor, a drive disc, and a crank. The crank motor is mounted on a base with its motor shaft vertically oriented. The drive disc is located on one side of the slider and coaxially mounted on the motor shaft of the crank motor. One end of the crank is hinged to the slider via a connecting shaft, and the other end is eccentrically connected to the drive disc. When the drive disc rotates under the drive of the crank motor, it can drive the slider to slide along the guide rail via the crank.

5. The external cylindrical grinding device according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a handwheel, which is coaxially connected to a first bevel gear rotatably mounted on the base. Correspondingly, a vertically arranged threaded hole is provided on the guide rail, and a vertically arranged adjusting shaft is installed on the base. The upper end of the adjusting shaft extends into the threaded hole and is threadedly connected to the guide rail, while the lower end is rotatably mounted on the base. A second bevel gear is provided on the adjusting shaft, which meshes with the first bevel gear, and the gear shaft of the second bevel gear is perpendicular to the gear shaft of the first bevel gear. Rotating the handwheel can drive the adjusting shaft to rotate through the engagement of the first and second bevel gears, and drive the guide rail to move up and down through the threaded connection between the adjusting shaft and the guide rail.

6. The external cylindrical grinding device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The base is also provided with a vertically arranged guide rod, and correspondingly, a guide hole is provided on the guide rail, and the guide rod is slidably inserted into the guide hole.

7. The external cylindrical grinding device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The connecting shaft is equipped with limit caps at both ends, so that the crank can always remain connected to the slider when the guide rail moves up and down.

8. The external cylindrical grinding device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The drive disc is provided with multiple eccentric connection holes. Correspondingly, the end of the crank is provided with an eccentric shaft. The eccentric shaft is rotatably inserted into the eccentric connection holes. The eccentric shaft can be inserted into different eccentric connection holes to adjust the eccentricity of the crank.

9. The external cylindrical grinding device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The crank is a retractable structure.

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