Battery formation capacity pressurization system and battery production line

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of battery equipment, and discloses a battery formation capacity pressurizing system and a battery production line. The battery formation capacity pressurizing system comprises a hydraulic source and a plurality of actuators, the plurality of actuators are connected with the hydraulic source in parallel, in one actuator, the actuator comprises at least one hydraulic structure and at least one clamp structure, the hydraulic structure is connected with the hydraulic source, the clamp structure comprises a body part and a clamping part, the clamping part is slidably arranged on the body part, the clamping part and the body part form a containing space for placing a battery monomer, and a large surface of the battery monomer faces the clamping part, the hydraulic structure is installed on the body part, and a piston rod of the hydraulic structure is drivingly connected with the clamping part. The battery formation capacity pressurizing system provided by the technical scheme can improve the utilization rate of the hydraulic system and is convenient to maintain.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of battery equipment technology, and in particular relates to a battery formation capacity pressurization system and a battery production line. Background Technology

[0002] During the battery formation capacity production process, some batteries (such as pouch cells) require the application of enormous pressures ranging from tens to hundreds of tons. Traditional battery formation capacity pressurization systems employ a distributed power source solution in this process. However, when faced with the high-pressure pressurization requirements of storage locations, this distributed power source solution suffers from several drawbacks, including low utilization of the distributed power source, inefficiency due to multiple power transmission stages, unsuitability for high-pressure scenarios, and maintenance difficulties caused by limited storage space. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide a battery formation capacity pressurization system and a battery production line that can improve the utilization rate of the hydraulic system and facilitate maintenance.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, according to a first aspect of this application, a battery formation capacity pressurization system is provided, including a hydraulic source and a plurality of actuators connected in parallel to the hydraulic source. Each actuator includes at least one hydraulic structure and at least one clamping structure. The hydraulic structure is connected to the hydraulic source. The clamping structure includes a body portion and a clamping portion. The clamping portion is slidably disposed on the body portion, forming a receiving space for placing a battery cell with the body portion. The larger surface of the battery cell faces the clamping portion. The hydraulic structure is mounted on the body portion, and the piston rod of the hydraulic structure is drivenly connected to the clamping portion.

[0005] The battery formation capacity pressurization system provided in this application effectively solves the problem of low utilization rate of traditional distributed power sources by using a centralized hydraulic power source to drive multiple actuators in parallel, thus improving power utilization efficiency. Furthermore, the hydraulic transmission method avoids the efficiency losses and structural bulkiness caused by multi-stage mechanical transmission, making it particularly suitable for high-pressure pressurization scenarios. In addition, the centralized hydraulic system simplifies the structure of individual actuators, reduces maintenance difficulty, and provides a highly efficient, reliable, and easy-to-maintain pressurization solution for battery formation capacity production lines.

[0006] In some embodiments, the hydraulic structure includes a hydraulic cylinder and a control valve. The hydraulic cylinder is mounted on the main body, and an oil supply line is connected between the hydraulic power source and the input end of the hydraulic cylinder. The control valve is located on the oil supply line to control the connection or disconnection of the oil supply line. This ensures independent control capability for each hydraulic cylinder.

[0007] In some embodiments, the hydraulic structure further includes a pressure sensor disposed between the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder and the clamping portion, and the pressure sensor is electrically connected to a control valve. The pressure sensor monitors the actual pressure applied by the clamping portion in real time, enabling the battery formation capacity pressurization system to achieve closed-loop control of the pressure on the individual battery cells.

[0008] In some embodiments, an actuator further includes at least one accumulator connected to an oil supply line between the control valve and the hydraulic cylinder. The accumulator can directly act on the oil supply path of the hydraulic cylinder, thereby achieving direct regulation and compensation of hydraulic pressure.

[0009] In some embodiments, an actuator includes multiple hydraulic structures and multiple clamping structures, with each hydraulic structure corresponding to one of the clamping structures. Multiple hydraulic cylinders of the hydraulic structures are connected in parallel to a hydraulic source. This aims to improve the processing capacity of a single actuator, enabling it to simultaneously pressurize multiple battery cells. Battery cells in different clamping structures can also be pressurized at different pressures (or at different times) according to their specific formation process requirements, thereby improving the flexibility and efficiency of the formation capacity process.

[0010] In some embodiments, an actuator further includes an accumulator, with multiple hydraulic cylinders of multiple hydraulic structures connected in parallel to the accumulator, and the accumulator connected to an oil supply line between the control valve and the hydraulic cylinders. Thus, in an actuator, multiple hydraulic cylinders no longer rely solely on direct oil supply from a hydraulic source, but can obtain hydraulic energy from the accumulator. The accumulator, acting as a local energy buffer for these hydraulic cylinders, can respond more directly and quickly to their flow and pressure demands.

[0011] In some embodiments, the hydraulic power source includes an oil reservoir, a pumping device, and a relief valve. The oil reservoir is connected to the input end of the hydraulic cylinder via an oil supply pipeline. Furthermore, in some further embodiments, the hydraulic power source also includes a relief valve. The pumping device and the relief valve are sequentially arranged along the oil flow direction on the oil supply pipeline between the oil reservoir and the control valve, with the relief valve's overflow connector connected to the oil reservoir. This design not only achieves oil recycling and reduces oil loss, but more importantly, it provides a safe pressure relief path, ensuring that the system can quickly and effectively release pressure when it is too high, thereby protecting the safe operation of the entire hydraulic system.

[0012] In some embodiments, the hydraulic power source further includes a monitoring device disposed in an oil reservoir. The monitoring device is used to monitor the pressure and / or temperature of the hydraulic fluid within the reservoir. Through the monitoring device, the system can continuously acquire key operating parameters of the hydraulic fluid, providing necessary data support for subsequent system control, condition assessment, and fault diagnosis, effectively preventing potential equipment failures and reducing maintenance costs.

[0013] In some embodiments, a return oil line is connected between multiple actuators and the oil reservoir. The hydraulic power source also includes a cooling device connected to the return oil line to cool the oil flowing back in the return oil line. Furthermore, in some further embodiments, the cooling device is electrically connected to a monitoring device. By cooling the oil in the return oil line through the cooling device, the hydraulic oil is kept within a suitable operating temperature range, effectively preventing problems such as viscosity reduction and weakened lubrication performance caused by overheating. This ensures the stability and accuracy of the hydraulic cylinder output pressure, extends the service life of hydraulic components, and significantly improves the operational reliability and consistency of the pressurization effect of the battery formation capacity pressurization system.

[0014] In some embodiments, the main body includes a first upright plate, a second upright plate, multiple connecting rods, and a guide member. The first upright plate and the second upright plate are opposite to each other and spaced apart. The two ends of the multiple connecting rods are respectively connected to the first upright plate and the second upright plate, and the two ends of the guide member are respectively connected to the first upright plate and the second upright plate. The clamping part is slidably connected to the guide member, and a receiving space is formed between the clamping part and the first upright plate. The hydraulic structure is mounted on the second upright plate. The first upright plate and the second upright plate form a high-rigidity support frame through the multiple connecting rods, ensuring the structural stability of the clamping structure when subjected to the huge thrust of the hydraulic cylinder. Furthermore, the hydraulic structure is mounted on the second upright plate, enabling its thrust to be stably and efficiently transmitted to the clamping part, further enhancing the reliability and pressurization accuracy of the system.

[0015] In some embodiments, the clamping structure further includes multiple partitions slidably connected to the guide, all of which are located within the receiving space, and one partition is clamped between two adjacent battery cells. The partitions effectively isolate each battery cell, ensuring that each cell is subjected to independent force during pressurization, avoiding mutual interference between battery cells, thereby improving the uniformity and accuracy of pressurization.

[0016] According to a second aspect of this application, a battery production line is provided. This battery production line includes the battery formation capacity pressurization system as described above. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the battery formation capacity pressurization system according to an embodiment of this application;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic source and one of the actuators in the battery formation capacity pressurization system according to an embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hydraulic cylinder, control valve, accumulator and fixture in the battery formation capacity pressurization system according to an embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged diagram of point A in the middle.

[0022] The figures in the diagram are labeled as follows:

[0023] 10. Hydraulic power source; 11. Oil reservoir; 12. Pumping device; 13. Relief valve; 14. Monitoring device; 15. Cooling device;

[0024] 20. Actuator; 21. Hydraulic structure; 211. Hydraulic cylinder; 212. Piston rod; 213. Control valve; 214. Force sensor; 22. Clamping structure; 221. Body; 222. Clamping part; 223. Accommodation space; 224. First upright plate; 225. Second upright plate; 226. Connecting rod; 227. Guide member; 228. Partition plate; 23. Accumulator;

[0025] 31. Oil delivery pipeline; 32. Oil return pipeline;

[0026] 100. Battery cell. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0028] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0029] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0030] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0031] Currently, judging from market trends, the application of battery devices is becoming increasingly widespread. Battery devices are not only used in energy storage power systems such as hydropower, thermal power, wind power, and solar power plants (battery devices used in these applications are generally referred to as energy storage batteries), but also widely used in electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, and electric cars (battery devices used in these applications are generally referred to as power batteries). With the continuous expansion of the application fields of battery devices, the market demand is also constantly increasing. Therefore, the increase in market demand correspondingly requires a continuous increase in production capacity.

[0032] In battery production, battery formation capacity is one of the key production steps. In the battery formation capacity production process of related technologies, distributed power source solutions are used for single-machine equipment. However, in mass production environments, production lines typically contain numerous storage locations, each requiring an independent power structure. This means that the distributed power source solution requires a separate pressurization system for each storage location that holds and clamps a pressurized battery cell. This pressurization system typically uses a "servo motor + reducer + gearbox + lead screw" approach to output power for pressurization. Because the pressurization process is brief while the pressure holding process is lengthy, the power source only outputs power during the pressurization phase, remaining idle for the rest of the time, resulting in a significant reduction in overall utilization. This problem becomes increasingly prominent as the number of storage locations increases, leading to resource waste and increased costs. Furthermore, in high-pressure applications, the mechanical transmission system requires complex components for power transmission. These complex components include, but are not limited to, high-power servo motors, reduction mechanisms, and lead screws. Choosing the lead screw presents a challenge: efficient transmission components can be used for low pressure, but expensive heavy-duty models or inefficient alternatives are required for high pressure. Increasing motor power to compensate for losses results in a large system size and low operating efficiency. In addition, the compact design of the storage units to improve space utilization results in extremely limited maintenance space. Since these storage units need to operate for a long time, it is difficult for maintenance personnel to carry out repairs in the small space once the power mechanism fails, which greatly increases the maintenance difficulty and downtime.

[0033] To address this issue, this application proposes a battery formation capacity pressurization system. By employing a centralized hydraulic power source to drive multiple actuators in parallel, it effectively solves the problem of low utilization rate of traditional distributed power sources and improves power utilization efficiency. Furthermore, the hydraulic transmission method avoids the efficiency losses and structural bulkiness associated with multi-stage mechanical transmissions, making it particularly suitable for high-pressure pressurization scenarios. In addition, the centralized hydraulic system simplifies the structure of individual actuators, reduces maintenance difficulty, and provides a highly efficient, reliable, and easy-to-maintain pressurization solution for battery formation capacity production lines.

[0034] To illustrate the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this application, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with specific drawings and embodiments.

[0035] According to a first aspect of this application, embodiments of this application provide a battery formation capacity pressurization system, such as... Figures 1 to 4As shown, the battery formation capacity pressurization system includes a hydraulic source 10 and multiple actuators 20 connected in parallel to the hydraulic source 10. Each actuator 20 includes at least one hydraulic structure 21 and at least one clamping structure 22. The hydraulic structure 21 is connected to the hydraulic source 10. The clamping structure 22 includes a body portion 221 and a clamping portion 222. The clamping portion 222 is slidably disposed on the body portion 221. The clamping portion 222 and the body portion 221 form a receiving space 223 for placing a battery cell 100, with the larger surface of the battery cell 100 facing the clamping portion 222. When the clamping portion 222 slides to reduce the volume of the receiving space 223, it applies pressure to the larger surface of the battery cell 100. The hydraulic structure 21 is mounted on the body portion 221, and the piston rod 212 of the hydraulic structure 21 is drivenly connected to the clamping portion 222.

[0036] For ease of understanding, the following explains some key terms in this embodiment:

[0037] The hydraulic power source 10 provides the hydraulic power required by the system and is usually composed of a pump, an oil reservoir, etc. It delivers hydraulic oil to the actuator through the oil pipeline 31.

[0038] The actuator 20 directly applies pressure to the battery cell 100. Each actuator 20 works independently but shares the power provided by the hydraulic source 10.

[0039] Hydraulic structure 21 is the part of actuator 20 responsible for converting hydraulic energy into mechanical energy.

[0040] The clamping structure 22 is the part of the actuator 20 used to clamp and fix the battery cell 100. The movement of the clamping part 222 realizes the pressure on the battery cell 100.

[0041] The piston rod 212 is the output component of the hydraulic structure 21, and its extension and retraction motion is used to drive the clamping part 222.

[0042] The main body 221 is the fixed part of the clamping structure 22, which provides support and guidance for the sliding of the clamping part 222.

[0043] The clamping part 222, which is the movable part of the clamping structure 22, moves under the drive of the piston rod 212 and applies a clamping force to the battery cell 100.

[0044] The accommodating space 223 is a region formed between the main body 221 and the clamping part 222 for placing the battery cell 100.

[0045] The battery cell 100 is a single battery unit that requires formation capacity and pressure treatment.

[0046] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the hydraulic source 10 in the battery formation capacity pressurization system provided in this application embodiment can be an independent hydraulic pump station, supplying high-pressure hydraulic oil to each actuator 20 through a main oil supply line. The multiple actuators 20 are connected to the hydraulic source 10 in parallel, allowing each actuator 20 to independently obtain hydraulic power from the hydraulic source 10. For example, the hydraulic source 10 distributes hydraulic oil to the multiple parallel actuators 20 through a distributor.

[0047] like Figure 2 As shown, in an actuator 20, the actuator 20 mainly consists of at least one hydraulic structure 21 and at least one clamping structure 22.

[0048] Hydraulic structure 21 provides the power required for pressurization, while clamping structure 22 is responsible for actually clamping the battery cell 100. For example, hydraulic structure 21 can be a hydraulic cylinder, and clamping structure 22 can be a clamp consisting of fixed and movable parts.

[0049] The hydraulic structure 21 is connected to the hydraulic source 10 via the oil supply line 31, thereby receiving hydraulic oil from the hydraulic source 10. When the hydraulic oil from the hydraulic source 10 is supplied to the hydraulic structure 21 along the oil supply line 31, the piston rod 212 of the hydraulic structure 21 extends.

[0050] The clamping structure 22 includes a body portion 221 and a clamping portion 222. The body portion 221 is the fixed part of the clamping structure 22 and can be fixed to the frame of the device. The clamping portion 222 is the movable part of the clamp and can slide on the body portion 221. For example, the clamping portion 222 is connected to the body portion 221 via a guide rail or a slide groove. The clamping portion 222 is designed to be slidably disposed on the body portion 221. This sliding arrangement allows the clamping portion 222 to move linearly under the guidance of the body portion 221, thereby achieving clamping and releasing of the battery cell 100. For example, the clamping portion 222 can slide on the body portion 221 via a slider and a slide groove mechanism. A receiving space 223 for placing the battery cell 100 is formed between the clamping portion 222 and the body portion 221. When the clamping portion 222 is in the open position, the battery cell 100 can be easily placed into the receiving space 223. When the clamping part 222 moves, the dimensions of the receiving space 223 change, thereby applying a compressive force to the battery cell 100. For example, the receiving space 223 can be a rectangular groove, with one side formed by the body part 221 and the other side formed by the clamping part 222. The hydraulic structure 21 is mounted on the body part 221. This mounting method ensures that the hydraulic structure 21 can stably provide thrust during operation, and the direction of the thrust applied by its piston rod 212 is consistent with the direction of movement of the clamping part 222. The piston rod 212 of the hydraulic structure 21 is drivenly connected to the clamping part 222. When the piston rod 212 of the hydraulic structure 21 extends or retracts, the movement of the piston rod 212 is directly transmitted to the clamping part 222, thereby driving the clamping part 222 to slide relative to the body part 221, thus enabling the clamping part 222 to pressurize or release the battery cell 100. For example, the end of the piston rod 212 can be directly connected to the clamping part 222, or it can be connected to the clamping part 222 through a linkage mechanism.

[0051] The battery formation capacity pressurization system provided in this application embodiment effectively solves the problem of low utilization rate of traditional distributed power sources by using a centralized hydraulic power source 10 to drive multiple actuators 20 in parallel, thus improving power utilization efficiency. Furthermore, the hydraulic transmission method avoids the efficiency loss and structural bulkiness caused by multi-stage mechanical transmission, making it particularly suitable for high-pressure pressurization scenarios. In addition, the centralized hydraulic system simplifies the structure of a single actuator 20, reduces maintenance difficulty, and provides a highly efficient, reliable, and easy-to-maintain pressurization solution for battery formation capacity production lines.

[0052] In some embodiments of this application, the battery formation capacity pressurization system provides hydraulic power to multiple actuators 20 via a hydraulic source 10 to drive the clamping structure 22 to apply pressure to the battery cell 100. However, when multiple actuators 20 are connected in parallel, without independent control of the hydraulic pressure inside each actuator 20, it is difficult to achieve precise and independent pressurization operations on different actuators 20 or different battery cells 100, which may lead to uneven pressure application or inability to start and stop as needed, affecting the formation effect. Therefore, in some embodiments of this application, such as... Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the hydraulic structure 21 also includes a hydraulic cylinder 211 and a control valve 213. The hydraulic cylinder 211 is the core component of the hydraulic structure 21. It drives the piston rod 212 to extend and retract via the pressure of hydraulic oil, thereby generating thrust. The hydraulic cylinder 211 is mounted on the body 221. For example, the hydraulic structure 21 can be fixed to the body 221 with bolts. The hydraulic source 10 is connected to the input end of the hydraulic cylinder 211 via an oil supply line 31. The control valve 213 is located on the oil supply line 31 to control the connection or disconnection of the oil supply line 31. The hydraulic cylinder 211 can be a single-acting or double-acting hydraulic cylinder, and its inlet is directly connected to the oil supply line of the hydraulic source 10. The control valve 213 is a device for regulating the flow of hydraulic fluid (i.e., hydraulic oil). The control valve 213 can selectively allow or prevent the hydraulic oil from passing through according to control commands. The control valve 213 can take various forms, such as a solenoid directional valve, a manual directional valve, or a pneumatic directional valve. The core function of the control valve 213 is to control the on / off state of the hydraulic oil circuit. The oil supply line 31 is the channel connecting the hydraulic power source 10 and the input end of the hydraulic cylinder 211, used to transmit hydraulic oil and serving as the carrier for energy transfer in the hydraulic system. By placing the control valve 213 on the oil supply line 31, it can directly cut off or open the path of hydraulic oil flow to the hydraulic cylinder 211. When the control valve 213 is in the open state, hydraulic oil can enter the hydraulic cylinder 211 from the hydraulic power source 10 through the oil supply line 31, thereby driving the piston rod 212 to move and causing the clamping part 222 to move. When the control valve 213 is in the open state, the hydraulic oil flow is blocked, and the hydraulic cylinder 211 stops receiving hydraulic oil, thereby stopping or maintaining the current pressurized state, i.e., entering the pressure holding stage. This ensures independent control capability for each hydraulic cylinder 211. In this embodiment, a control valve 213 is introduced into the hydraulic structure 21 of each actuator 20, and the control valve 213 is set on the oil supply line 31 between the hydraulic source 10 and the input end of the hydraulic cylinder 211, realizing independent control of the hydraulic oil supply to a single hydraulic cylinder 211. When it is necessary to pressurize a battery cell 100 in a certain clamping structure 22, the corresponding control valve 213 is opened to connect the oil supply line 31, and hydraulic oil enters the hydraulic cylinder 211, driving the clamping part 222 to apply pressure. Conversely, when pressurization is not required or needs to be stopped (i.e., the pressure holding stage), the control valve 213 is set to the open state, cutting off the hydraulic oil supply. This refined control method enables the battery formation capacity pressurization system to perform independent pressure application and release operations on each hydraulic cylinder 211 in multiple actuators 20 connected in parallel, effectively solving the problem of uneven pressure or inability to control as needed when multiple actuators 20 work simultaneously, and significantly improving the flexibility, accuracy and efficiency of pressure control in the battery formation capacity process.

[0053] In some embodiments of this application, a control valve 213 is used to adjust the pressure output of the hydraulic cylinder 211, thereby applying the required pressure to the battery cell 100. However, in actual operation, due to factors such as fluctuations in the hydraulic system itself, changes in oil temperature, and deformation of the battery cell 100, relying solely on the opening and closing of the control valve 213 or a preset opening degree is insufficient to accurately and stably maintain a constant pressure on the battery cell 100, potentially leading to excessive or insufficient pressure, affecting the battery formation effect and the safety of the battery cell 100. Therefore, as... Figure 4 As shown, this application further proposes that the hydraulic structure 21 also includes a force sensor 214. The force sensor 214 is located between the end of the piston rod 212 of the hydraulic cylinder 211 and the clamping part 222, and is electrically connected to the control valve 213. The force sensor 214 is a device that can convert the sensed pressure physical quantity into an electrical signal output. The function of the force sensor 214 is to monitor the actual pressure applied by the clamping part 222 to the battery cell 100 in real time and accurately. The force sensor 214 can be implemented using various technical principles. For example, a piezoresistive sensor can be used, which reflects the pressure by measuring the change in resistance value when compressed; or a piezoelectric sensor can be used, which converts the pressure into an electric charge signal using the piezoelectric effect; or a capacitive sensor can be used, which senses the pressure by measuring the change in capacitance value when compressed. The force sensor 214 is set in the clamping part 222 to ensure that it can directly or indirectly sense the force acting on the battery cell 100, thereby obtaining the pressure data of the actual applied force. The electrical connection between force sensor 214 and control valve 213 is designed to establish a feedback control loop. Specifically, force sensor 214 transmits the detected real-time pressure signal (usually an analog voltage or current signal, or a digital signal after AD conversion) to a controller (e.g., a programmable logic controller (PLC) or microprocessor). The controller compares the received pressure signal with a preset target pressure value. Based on the comparison result, the controller generates a corresponding control command and sends it to control valve 213 via an electrical signal. Upon receiving the command, control valve 213 adjusts its internal motion state accordingly (e.g., adjusting the valve core position), thereby changing the oil flow rate and oil pressure in the oil supply line 31, and thus regulating the output force of hydraulic cylinder 211 to achieve the target pressure.

[0054] Through the technical solution of the above embodiments, the battery formation capacity pressurization system can achieve closed-loop control of the pressure applied to the battery cell 100. The force sensor 214 monitors the actual pressure applied by the clamping part 222 in real time and feeds back the pressure signal to the control system. The control system dynamically adjusts the opening of the control valve 213 based on the feedback signal, thereby precisely controlling the output force of the hydraulic cylinder 211. This effectively compensates for pressure fluctuations, oil viscosity changes, and minor deformations that may occur in the battery cell 100 during the formation process within the hydraulic system, ensuring that the pressure applied to the battery cell 100 is always maintained within a preset precision range. Compared to open-loop control without feedback, this embodiment can significantly improve the accuracy and stability of pressurization, avoid uneven battery formation or battery damage caused by pressure deviations, thereby optimizing the battery formation effect and improving battery performance and consistency.

[0055] In some embodiments of this application, the battery formation capacity pressurization system applies pressure to the battery cell 100 by driving the hydraulic cylinder 211 in the actuator 20 through the hydraulic source 10, and controls the pressure through the control valve 213 and the force sensor 214. However, in actual operation, the hydraulic system may face pressure fluctuations, especially when the hydraulic cylinder 211 moves rapidly or the load on the hydraulic source 10 changes, which may cause the pressure applied to the battery cell 100 to be unstable, thereby affecting the uniformity and consistency of the battery formation process. To address the above problems, such as Figures 1 to 3As shown, in some embodiments of the battery formation capacity pressurization system of this application, in an actuator 20, the actuator 20 further includes at least one accumulator 23, which is connected to the oil supply line 31 between the control valve 213 and the hydraulic cylinder 211. The accumulator 23 is a device for storing hydraulic energy. The accumulator 23 typically consists of a housing, a separating element (e.g., a bladder, piston, or diaphragm), and gas. The accumulator 23 absorbs and releases hydraulic oil by compressing gas or springs, thereby performing multiple functions in the hydraulic system. The main functions of the accumulator 23 include absorbing hydraulic shocks, compensating for system leakage, maintaining stable system pressure, providing emergency power, and absorbing pulsations. When the system pressure increases, hydraulic oil is forced into the accumulator 23, compressing the gas to store energy; when the system pressure decreases or a large instantaneous flow is required, the compressed gas expands, releasing the stored hydraulic oil into the system. In this embodiment, the accumulator 23 can take various forms, such as a bladder accumulator, a piston accumulator, or a diaphragm accumulator. Bladder accumulators separate gas from hydraulic oil using an elastic bladder, offering advantages such as simple structure and fast response. Piston accumulators isolate gas from hydraulic oil using a piston, suitable for large-capacity and high-pressure applications. Diaphragm accumulators utilize an elastic diaphragm for isolation, suitable for small to medium capacity applications. The appropriate accumulator type can be selected based on actual needs to meet system performance requirements. Accumulator 23 is connected to the oil supply line 31 between control valve 213 and hydraulic cylinder 211, allowing it to directly act on the oil supply path of hydraulic cylinder 211, thereby achieving direct regulation and compensation of hydraulic pressure. Through the technical solution of this embodiment, an accumulator 23 is installed on the oil supply pipeline 31 between the control valve 213 and the hydraulic cylinder 211. When the output pressure of the hydraulic source 10 fluctuates or the hydraulic cylinder 211 moves, the accumulator 23 can quickly absorb or release hydraulic oil, thereby effectively buffering pressure shocks and smoothing system pressure fluctuations. This ensures that the pressure applied to the battery cell 100 can remain stable and accurate for a long time, avoiding uneven battery formation or damage to the battery cell 100 due to pressure instability. At the same time, the accumulator 23 can also provide supplementary pressure when the hydraulic source 10 is temporarily insufficient in oil supply, ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the hydraulic cylinder 211, and improving the reliability and formation quality of the entire battery formation capacity pressurization system.

[0056] In some embodiments of this application, an actuator 20 may consist of only a hydraulic structure 21 and a clamping structure 22, which can accommodate the formation capacity pressurization of small batches of battery cells 100. However, when processing a large number of battery cells 100, this may limit the capacity of a single actuator 20, or make it difficult to achieve fine control when independent pressure needs to be applied to different battery cells 100. Therefore, in an actuator 20 of a battery formation capacity pressurization system in other embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the actuator 20 includes multiple hydraulic structures 21 and multiple clamping structures 22. The multiple hydraulic structures 21 and multiple clamping structures 22 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, and multiple hydraulic cylinders 211 of the multiple hydraulic structures 21 are connected in parallel to the hydraulic source 10. "Multiple hydraulic structures 21" refers to the presence of more than one independent hydraulic drive unit in an actuator 20. Each hydraulic structure 21 typically includes a hydraulic cylinder 211 and related control components, such as a control valve 213 and a force sensor 214. "Multiple clamping structures 22" refers to the presence of more than one independent clamping unit in an actuator 20. Each clamping structure 22 is used to clamp one or a group of battery cells 100. These multiple hydraulic structures 21 and clamping structures 22 can be arranged side-by-side, stacked, or in other array configurations to maximize the use of the internal space of the actuator 20. For example, multiple sets of hydraulic structures 21 and multiple sets of clamping structures 22 can be arranged in a horizontal or vertical direction within an actuator 20. This configuration is designed to increase the processing power of a single actuator 20, enabling it to simultaneously pressurize multiple battery cells 100.

[0057] Furthermore, multiple hydraulic structures 21 are configured in a one-to-one correspondence with multiple clamping structures 22, meaning that each independent hydraulic structure 21 is specifically responsible for driving an independent clamping structure 22. For example, the piston rod 212 of a hydraulic cylinder 211 drives a clamping part 222, forming a complete pressurization unit. This correspondence ensures that each clamping structure 22 can obtain independent hydraulic driving force, which is the basis for independently applying and controlling pressure to the battery cell 100 (or the battery pack clamped by each clamping structure 22). At the same time, multiple hydraulic cylinders 211 of the multiple hydraulic structures 21 are connected in parallel to the hydraulic source 10. "Connected in parallel to the hydraulic source 10" means that the hydraulic oil output from the hydraulic source 10 is simultaneously distributed to the input end of the hydraulic cylinders 211 in each hydraulic structure 21 through the oil supply line 31. This can be achieved by setting multiple branch lines on the main oil supply line 31, with each branch line connected to a hydraulic cylinder 211. Each branch line can be independently equipped with a control valve 213 to achieve independent control of each hydraulic cylinder 211. This parallel connection method allows the hydraulic source 10 to provide hydraulic power to multiple hydraulic cylinders 211 simultaneously, thereby supporting the synchronous or asynchronous pressurization operation of multiple battery cells 100.

[0058] Through the technical solution of the above embodiments, multiple hydraulic structures 21 and clamping structures 22 are integrated into one actuator 20, and they correspond one-to-one. At the same time, multiple hydraulic cylinders 211 are connected in parallel to the hydraulic source 10. This system can significantly improve the processing capacity of a single actuator 20. Each hydraulic structure 21 independently drives a clamping structure 22. Combined with the control valve 213 and the force sensor 214, independent pressurization and precise pressure control of the battery cell 100 can be achieved. In this way, even within the same actuator 20, battery cells 100 in different clamping structures 22 can be pressurized at different pressures (or at different times) according to their specific formation process requirements, thereby improving the flexibility and efficiency of the formation capacity process. In addition, the parallel connection method ensures that the hydraulic source 10 can stably provide power to all hydraulic cylinders 211, and the failure of a single hydraulic circuit will not affect the normal operation of other circuits, enhancing the robustness of the system (where robustness refers to the system's ability to maintain expected performance and stable operation when there are uncertainties, external disturbances, or internal parameter perturbations).

[0059] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, an actuator 20 includes multiple hydraulic structures 21 and multiple clamping structures 22. Multiple hydraulic cylinders 211 are connected in parallel to the hydraulic source 10 and controlled by a control valve 213. However, when multiple hydraulic cylinders 211 work simultaneously or alternately, the hydraulic source 10 may need to supply oil to multiple actuators 20 at the same time, or the instantaneous flow demand of multiple hydraulic cylinders 211 within a single actuator 20 may fluctuate. This may cause pressure fluctuations or response delays in the hydraulic cylinders 211 during pressurization, thereby affecting the stability and consistency of pressurization of the battery cell 100. Accordingly, in an actuator 20 of the battery formation capacity pressurization system of this embodiment, the actuator 20 also includes an accumulator 23. Multiple hydraulic cylinders 211 of the multiple hydraulic structures 21 are connected in parallel to the accumulator 23, and the accumulator 23 is connected to the oil supply line 31 between the control valve 213 and the hydraulic cylinders 211. Multiple hydraulic cylinders 211 of multiple hydraulic structures 21 are connected in parallel to the accumulator 23. This connection means that in an actuator 20, multiple hydraulic cylinders 211 no longer rely solely on the direct oil supply from the hydraulic source 10, but can obtain hydraulic energy from the accumulator 23. The accumulator 23 acts as a local energy buffer for these hydraulic cylinders 211, enabling a more direct and rapid response to their flow and pressure demands. The accumulator 23 is connected to the oil supply line 31 between the control valve 213 and the hydraulic cylinders 211. This specific connection position of the accumulator 23 is crucial; it is positioned after the control valve 213 and before the hydraulic cylinders 211, allowing it to directly act on the input end of the hydraulic cylinders 211. Thus, even if the control valve 213 adjusts the oil supply from the hydraulic source 10, the accumulator 23 can instantly compensate for and stabilize the pressure and flow of the hydraulic cylinders 211 within a localized range, thereby ensuring that the hydraulic cylinders 211 receive stable and responsive hydraulic power. Through the technical solution of the above embodiments, an accumulator 23 is set in an actuator 20, and multiple hydraulic cylinders 211 are connected in parallel to the accumulator 23. The accumulator 23 is connected to the oil supply pipeline 31 between the control valve 213 and the hydraulic cylinders 211, which can effectively solve the problems of pressure fluctuation and response delay. When multiple hydraulic cylinders 211 need a large instantaneous flow rate or face a pressure drop, the accumulator 23 can quickly release the stored hydraulic energy to provide immediate and stable hydraulic support to the hydraulic cylinders 211, thereby avoiding unstable pressurization caused by insufficient oil supply or pressure fluctuations from the hydraulic source 10. In addition, the accumulator 23 can also absorb the pressure shock generated when the hydraulic cylinders 211 are working, further stabilizing the system pressure. This localized energy buffering mechanism enables the multiple battery cells 100 inside each actuator 20 to obtain a more accurate, stable, and consistent pressurization effect, significantly improving the quality and efficiency of the battery formation process.

[0060] In some embodiments of this application, a battery formation capacity pressurization system is proposed, which provides hydraulic power to multiple actuators via a hydraulic source to apply pressure to individual battery cells. However, in actual operation, the stability of the hydraulic supply, precise pressure control, and overpressure protection of the system are crucial to ensuring the quality of the battery formation process and equipment safety. If the hydraulic source cannot provide stable and adjustable pressure, or lacks an effective overpressure protection mechanism, uneven pressure distribution among battery cells may occur, resulting in poor formation performance or even equipment damage. Therefore, as... Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the hydraulic power source 10 includes an oil reservoir 11, a pumping device 12, and a relief valve 13. An oil supply pipeline 31 connects the oil reservoir 11 to the input end of the hydraulic cylinder 211. The pumping device 12 and the relief valve 13 are sequentially arranged along the oil flow direction on the oil supply pipeline 31 between the oil reservoir 11 and the control valve 213. Furthermore, the relief valve 13's overflow connector connects to the oil reservoir 11 to achieve overflow return oil. The oil reservoir 11 is a container for storing hydraulic oil, providing a stable oil supply to the entire hydraulic system. The oil reservoir 11 is typically designed with sufficient volume to meet the oil requirements during system operation and can be equipped with auxiliary components such as a level gauge, oil filter, and oil temperature gauge to monitor the oil condition and maintain oil cleanliness. The pumping device 12 is responsible for extracting hydraulic oil from the reservoir 11 and pressurizing it to deliver it to other parts of the hydraulic system. The pumping device 12 is typically implemented using a hydraulic pump, such as a gear pump, piston pump, or vane pump. Its type and displacement can be selected according to the required flow rate and pressure of the system. The pumping device 12 is the core component for generating power in the hydraulic system. The relief valve 13 is a pressure control valve. Its main function is to limit the maximum working pressure of the hydraulic system and prevent system overload. When the system pressure reaches a preset value, the relief valve 13 automatically opens, returning excess hydraulic oil to the reservoir 11, thereby protecting hydraulic components and pipelines from high-pressure damage and maintaining stable system pressure. The oil delivery pipeline 31 is a channel connecting various components in the hydraulic system for transmitting hydraulic oil. Its material and size must be selected according to the system's working pressure, flow rate, and environmental conditions to ensure smooth and safe oil transmission. The pumping device 12 and the relief valve 13 are sequentially arranged on the oil supply pipeline 31 between the oil reservoir 11 and the control valve 213 along the oil flow direction. This arrangement ensures that after the hydraulic oil is drawn from the oil reservoir 11 by the pumping device 12 and pressurized, it first passes through the relief valve 13 for pressure limitation and regulation before reaching the control valve 213. This guarantees that the oil pressure entering the control valve 213 is always within a safe and controllable range, avoiding the situation where the output pressure of the pumping device 12 is too high and directly impacts the control valve 213 or the downstream hydraulic cylinder 211. When the relief valve 13 opens to release pressure, its relief connector directly guides the excess hydraulic oil back to the oil reservoir 11. This design not only realizes the recycling of oil and reduces oil loss, but more importantly, it provides a safe pressure relief path, ensuring that the system can quickly and effectively release pressure when it is too high, thereby protecting the safe operation of the entire hydraulic system.

[0061] Through the technical solution of the above embodiments, the hydraulic power source 10 is clearly constructed to include an oil reservoir 11, a pumping device 12, and an overflow valve 13, and arranged in a specific pipeline connection manner. The pumping device 12 continuously draws and pressurizes hydraulic oil from the oil reservoir 11, providing a stable power source for the system. The overflow valve 13 precisely limits and regulates the system pressure between the pumping device 12 and the control valve 213, ensuring that the hydraulic oil pressure delivered to the control valve 213 is always maintained within a preset safe range. When the system pressure exceeds the set value, the overflow valve 13 can open in time to safely return the excess hydraulic oil to the oil reservoir 11, effectively preventing system overpressure and thus avoiding potential damage to the hydraulic cylinder 211 and the battery cell 100. This structure not only ensures the continuity of hydraulic system oil supply and the stability of pressure output, solving the problems of unstable oil supply and inaccurate pressure control of hydraulic source 10, but also significantly improves the operational safety and reliability of the entire battery formation capacity pressurization system through the overpressure protection function of overflow valve 13, and ensures that the battery cell 100 can obtain a stable and controlled pressurization environment during the formation process.

[0062] In some embodiments of this application, the hydraulic source 10 of the battery formation capacity pressurization system includes an oil reservoir 11, a pumping device 12, and an overflow valve 13. Hydraulic oil is supplied to the hydraulic cylinder 211 of the actuator 20 via an oil supply pipeline 31 to pressurize the battery cells 100. During the operation of the battery formation capacity pressurization system, the pressure and temperature of the hydraulic oil are key parameters affecting the system's performance, reliability, and safety. However, without real-time monitoring of the hydraulic oil pressure and temperature in the oil reservoir 11, the system may operate under abnormal conditions without timely detection. For example, excessive pressure may damage hydraulic components, while excessive temperature may accelerate the deterioration of the hydraulic oil, thereby affecting the stability of the hydraulic system and the efficiency of the battery formation process. Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown. To address this, a monitoring device 14 is installed in the hydraulic power source 10 of the battery formation capacity pressurization system. The monitoring device 14 is a device used to acquire real-time operating parameters of the hydraulic system. The monitoring device 14 can integrate one or more sensors, such as pressure sensors and temperature sensors. The pressure sensor detects the real-time pressure value of the hydraulic oil inside the reservoir 11 and converts the pressure signal into an electrical signal output. Common implementation methods include piezoresistive, piezoelectric, or capacitive sensors. The temperature sensor detects the real-time temperature value of the hydraulic oil inside the reservoir 11 and converts the temperature signal into an electrical signal output. Common implementation methods include resistance temperature detectors (RTDs), thermocouples, or semiconductor temperature sensors. The monitoring device 14 is precisely positioned inside the reservoir 11 or in direct contact with the reservoir 11 to ensure accurate and timely acquisition of hydraulic oil pressure and / or temperature data. Through the monitoring device 14, the system can continuously acquire key operating parameters of the hydraulic oil, providing necessary data support for subsequent system control, condition assessment, and fault diagnosis.

[0063] By monitoring the pressure and / or temperature of the hydraulic oil in the reservoir 11 in real time using the monitoring device 14, the problem of lacking real-time monitoring of core operating parameters of the hydraulic system in the prior art is solved. When abnormal fluctuations occur in the pressure or temperature of the hydraulic oil, the monitoring device 14 can promptly capture these changes and output corresponding signals. These signals can be used to trigger an early warning mechanism to remind operators to intervene, or to link with the system control unit to automatically adjust the output of the pumping device 12 or control the opening degree of the relief valve 13 to maintain the pressure within a safe range. At the same time, monitoring the oil temperature helps to assess the health status of the hydraulic oil, avoid oil deterioration caused by high temperature, and thus extend the service life of the hydraulic oil. In view of this, this embodiment significantly improves the operational reliability, stability, and safety of the battery formation capacity pressurization system, effectively prevents potential equipment failures, reduces maintenance costs, and ensures the quality and efficiency of the battery formation process.

[0064] In some embodiments of this application, the hydraulic source 10 provides hydraulic power to multiple actuators 20 via a pumping device 12, and the oil temperature in the reservoir 11 is monitored by a monitoring device 14. However, during prolonged operation or high-load operation of the system, the hydraulic oil generates heat due to friction and energy conversion during circulation, causing the oil temperature to rise. Excessive oil temperature may cause a decrease in oil viscosity and reduced lubrication performance, thereby affecting the stability and accuracy of the hydraulic system, and even accelerating component wear and shortening system life. Therefore, in this battery formation capacity pressurization system, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, multiple actuators 20 are connected to the oil reservoir 11 via return oil lines 32. The hydraulic power source 10 also includes a cooling device 15 connected to the return oil lines 32 to cool the oil flowing back in the return oil lines 32. The cooling device 15 is also electrically connected to the monitoring device 14. The return oil lines 32 are an important component of the hydraulic system. Their main function is to guide the hydraulic oil from the actuators 20 back to the oil reservoir 11, forming a closed hydraulic circulation loop. This line is typically made of pressure-resistant and corrosion-resistant pipes or hoses. Its size and material must be selected according to the system's working pressure, flow rate, and oil characteristics to ensure smooth and safe oil return. The cooling device 15 aims to effectively reduce the temperature of the hydraulic oil. Various methods can be used, such as: an air-cooled radiator, where a fan forces air to flow over the heat exchangers to remove heat; or a water-cooled radiator, where cooling water exchanges heat with the oil. The selection and design of the cooling device 15 must consider factors such as the system's heat dissipation requirements, environmental conditions, and energy consumption to ensure that it can maintain the oil temperature within the optimal operating range. The cooling device 15 is connected to the return oil line 32, meaning it is positioned along the path of the hydraulic oil returning from the actuator 20 to the reservoir 11, thus effectively cooling the returning oil. The electrical connection between the cooling device 15 and the monitoring device 14 enables intelligent control of the oil temperature. The monitoring device 14 continuously acquires oil temperature data from the reservoir 11. When the oil temperature exceeds the preset safety range, it triggers or adjusts the operating state of the cooling device 15 via an electrical signal, such as starting the fan, adjusting the cooling water flow, or changing the heat dissipation power, thereby achieving automatic adjustment and precise control of the oil temperature. Thus, after the multiple actuators 20 complete the pressurization operation, the returning hydraulic oil is guided to the cooling device 15 for cooling through the return oil line 32, effectively preventing the high-temperature oil from directly returning to the reservoir 11, thereby suppressing the continuous rise in the temperature of the entire hydraulic system. Simultaneously, the electrical connection between the cooling device 15 and the monitoring device 14 allows the system to intelligently start or adjust the working intensity of the cooling device 15 based on the real-time temperature data of the oil in the reservoir 11. This closed-loop control mechanism ensures that the hydraulic oil is always maintained within a suitable operating temperature range, effectively preventing problems such as viscosity reduction and weakened lubrication performance caused by overheating. This ensures the stability and accuracy of the output pressure of the hydraulic cylinder 211, extends the service life of hydraulic components, and significantly improves the operational reliability and consistency of the pressurization effect of the battery formation capacity pressurization system.

[0065] In the battery formation capacity pressurization system of some embodiments of this application, the actuator 20 includes a hydraulic structure 21 and a clamping structure 22, wherein the clamping structure 22 includes a body portion 221 and a clamping portion 222, the clamping portion 222 being slidably disposed on the body portion 221. A hydraulic cylinder 211 is mounted on the body portion 221, and the piston rod 212 of the hydraulic cylinder 211 is drivenly connected to the clamping portion 222. However, in practical applications, how to ensure that the clamping portion 222 achieves stable and precise sliding on the body portion 221, and ensure that when pressure is applied to the battery cell 100, the clamping portion 222 can be evenly stressed and the structure of the body portion 221 is stable, is a technical problem that needs further consideration. Therefore, in the battery formation capacity pressurization system of some embodiments of this application, such as... Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the main body 221 includes a first upright plate 224, a second upright plate 225, multiple connecting rods 226, and a guide member 227. The first upright plate 224 and the second upright plate 225 are opposite to each other and spaced apart. The two ends of the multiple connecting rods 226 are respectively connected to the first upright plate 224 and the second upright plate 225. The two ends of the guide member 227 are respectively connected to the first upright plate 224 and the second upright plate 225. The clamping part 222 is slidably connected to the guide member 227. A receiving space 223 is formed between the clamping part 222 and the first upright plate 224. The hydraulic structure 21 is installed on the second upright plate 225, specifically, the hydraulic cylinder 211 is installed on the second upright plate 225. The first upright plate 224 and the second upright plate 225 constitute the main frame of the clamping structure 22. They are opposite to each other and spaced apart, providing structural support and spatial limitation for the entire clamp. These two upright plates are usually made of high-strength materials (e.g., steel, aluminum alloy) to withstand the huge pressure applied by the hydraulic cylinder 211. The first upright plate 224 typically serves as the fixed side, while the second upright plate 225 serves as the mounting base for the hydraulic cylinder 211. Multiple connecting rods 226 connect and fix the first upright plate 224 and the second upright plate 225, forming a rigid frame structure. These connecting rods 226 can be bolted, welded, or fixed using other methods to ensure the stability of the spacing and relative position between the two upright plates, thereby guaranteeing the overall strength and stability of the clamp structure 22 and preventing deformation under pressure. The number and distribution of the connecting rods 226 should be designed according to the size of the clamp and the required load-bearing capacity. The guide member 227 is a key component ensuring the precise and smooth sliding of the clamping part 222. The guide member 227 can take the form of a linear guide rail, guide post, or guide groove, etc. Both ends of the guide member 227 are connected to the first upright plate 224 and the second upright plate 225 respectively, forming a precise sliding path. The guide member 227 is typically made of a material with good wear resistance and a low coefficient of friction, such as a linear guide, ball screw guide, or sliding bearing guide, to reduce sliding resistance and improve positioning accuracy. The clamping part 222, through its cooperation with the guide member 227, achieves precise linear reciprocating motion. This sliding connection can be in the form of a guide rail slider, guide post bushing, etc., ensuring that the clamping part 222, driven by the hydraulic cylinder 211, can move smoothly and without jamming, and accurately apply pressure to the battery cell 100. The accommodating space 223 is the core area for placing the battery cell 100. The size of this space changes as the clamping part 222 slides on the guide member 227, thereby achieving clamping and pressurizing of the battery cell 100. The first upright plate 224, as the fixed side, together with the moving clamping part 222, defines the placement position of the battery cell 100. The hydraulic cylinder 211 is mounted on the second upright plate 225, allowing its piston rod 212 to directly or indirectly drive the clamping part 222. The second vertical plate 225 serves as a fixed support for the hydraulic cylinder 211 and needs to have sufficient strength and rigidity to withstand the thrust of the hydraulic cylinder 211 during operation.This installation method allows the thrust of the hydraulic cylinder 211 to be effectively transmitted to the battery cell 100 through the clamping part 222.

[0066] The main body 221 is specifically designed as a frame structure including a first upright plate 224, a second upright plate 225, multiple connecting rods 226, and a guide member 227. The clamping part 222 is slidably connected to the guide member 227, effectively solving the problems of unstable sliding and uneven pressure application of the clamping part 222. The first upright plate 224 and the second upright plate 225 form a high-rigidity support frame through multiple connecting rods 226, ensuring the structural stability of the clamping structure 22 under the enormous thrust of the hydraulic cylinder 211 and preventing deformation. The guide member 227 provides a precise sliding path for the clamping part 222, ensuring that the clamping part 222 remains parallel to the first upright plate 224 during movement. This results in uniform pressure applied to the battery cell 100 placed in the receiving space 223, improving the quality and efficiency of formation pressurization. The hydraulic cylinder 211 is mounted on the second upright plate 225, enabling its thrust to be stably and efficiently transmitted to the clamping part 222, further enhancing the system's reliability and pressurization accuracy.

[0067] In some embodiments of this application, the battery formation capacity pressurization system uses a hydraulic cylinder 211 to drive the clamping part 222 to pressurize the battery cells 100 within the accommodating space 223. However, when batch pressurizing multiple battery cells 100, simply stacking them within the accommodating space 223 may result in inconsistent pressurization effects due to individual differences or uneven stress among the battery cells 100, thus affecting the formation quality. Therefore, as... Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the clamping structure 22 also includes multiple separators 228, which are slidably connected to the guide 227. All separators 228 are located within the receiving space 223, and one separator 228 is clamped between two adjacent battery cells 100. Specifically, the multiple separators 228 serve as physical barriers separating adjacent battery cells 100 within the receiving space 223. These separators 228 are typically made of materials with a certain degree of rigidity and insulation, such as engineering plastics, ceramics, or composite materials, to ensure effective isolation of the battery cells 100 during pressurization, preventing mutual contact or short circuits, and facilitating uniform pressure transmission. The surface of the separators 228 can be designed to be smooth or have a specific texture to adapt to different surface characteristics of the battery cells 100. For example, they can be designed with a microporous structure to assist in heat dissipation or electrolyte permeation. The multiple separators 228 are slidably connected to the guide 227, allowing the separators 228 to move freely on the guide 227. Specifically, the guide 227 can be designed as a guide rail, guide rod, or channel, while the separator 228 is correspondingly provided with grooves, holes, or sliding blocks to achieve smooth sliding. This sliding connection ensures that the separator 228 can adaptively adjust according to the actual thickness or compressive deformation of the battery cell 100, thereby ensuring that each battery cell 100 receives uniform pressure and facilitating the loading and unloading of the battery cell 100. Multiple separators 228 are located within the receiving space 223, ensuring that they function within the pressurized area of ​​the battery cell 100, thereby achieving effective isolation and support for the battery cell 100. The arrangement of one separator 228 between two adjacent battery cells 100 clarifies the specific application scenario and function of the separator 228. By setting a separator 228 between every two adjacent battery cells 100, each battery cell 100 can be effectively isolated, ensuring that each battery cell 100 can be independently stressed during pressurization, avoiding mutual interference between battery cells 100, thereby improving the uniformity and accuracy of pressurization. This embodiment effectively solves the problem of uneven force distribution and mutual interference that may occur when multiple battery cells 100 are pressurized in batches using a separator 228. Specifically, the separator 228 independently separates each battery cell 100, ensuring that each battery cell 100 can receive independent and uniform pressurization through the clamping part 222 under the drive of the hydraulic cylinder 211. This isolation and uniform pressurization mechanism avoids local overpressure or underpressure caused by individual differences in the battery cells 100, significantly improving the pressure consistency during the formation process of the battery cells 100, thereby helping to improve the formation quality and performance stability of the battery cells 100. At the same time, the sliding connection characteristic of the separator 228 also makes the loading and unloading of the battery cells 100 more convenient, improving the operating efficiency of the system.

[0068] The following example will provide a more detailed explanation of the above technical solution:

[0069] In the production line of a battery manufacturing plant, a large number of battery cells 100 need to undergo formation capacity pressurization. The plant's production line contains hundreds or even more pressurization stations, each requiring tens of tons or even more pressure to be applied for a short period, followed by maintaining that pressure for an extended period. To address the problems of low utilization of distributed power sources, low power transmission efficiency, and difficult maintenance in traditional battery formation capacity pressurization systems, the plant has introduced the battery formation capacity pressurization system provided in this application embodiment, such as... Figures 1 to 4 As shown.

[0070] The battery formation capacity pressurization system employs a centralized hydraulic power source 10, which includes an oil reservoir 11, a pumping device 12, and an overflow valve 13. The pumping device 12 pumps the hydraulic oil from the oil reservoir 11 through the oil delivery pipeline 31. The overflow valve 13, located on the oil delivery pipeline 31, returns excess hydraulic oil to the oil reservoir 11 when the system pressure is too high, ensuring safe system operation. The hydraulic power source 10 is also equipped with a monitoring device 14 to monitor the hydraulic oil pressure and temperature in the oil reservoir 11 in real time, ensuring that the hydraulic power source 10 is in normal working condition.

[0071] In this battery formation capacity pressurization system, multiple actuators 20 are connected in parallel to the oil supply line 31 of the hydraulic source 10. In this way, the hydraulic source 10 can provide hydraulic power to multiple actuators 20 at the same time, which significantly improves the utilization rate of the power source and avoids the resource waste caused by the independent configuration of the power source for each storage location in the traditional battery formation capacity pressurization system.

[0072] Taking one of the actuators 20 of the battery formation capacity pressurization system as an example, the actuator 20 includes a hydraulic structure 21 and a clamping structure 22. The clamping structure 22 consists of a body 221 and a slidably disposed clamping part 222. The body 221 includes a first upright plate 224, a second upright plate 225, a guide member 227, and a plurality of connecting rods 226. The first upright plate 224 and the second upright plate 225 are opposite to each other and spaced apart. The two ends of the connecting rods 226 and the two ends of the guide member 227 are respectively connected between the first upright plate 224 and the second upright plate 225, thus forming a sturdy frame. The clamping part 222 is slidably connected to the guide member 227 to ensure its stability and accuracy during movement. A receiving space 223 is formed between the clamping part 222 and the first upright plate 224 for placing the battery cell 100 to be pressurized. To ensure that the multiple battery cells 100 are evenly stressed within the receiving space 223, the clamping structure 22 is also provided with multiple partitions 228. These partitions 228 are slidably connected to the guide member 227 and located within the receiving space 223. Furthermore, among the multiple battery cells 100 placed in the receiving space 223, a partition 228 is sandwiched between two adjacent battery cells 100. The core component of the hydraulic structure 21 is the hydraulic cylinder 211, which is mounted on the second upright plate 225 of the main body 221. The piston rod 212 of the hydraulic cylinder 211 passes through the second upright plate 225 and is drivenly connected to the clamping part 222. The hydraulic structure 21 also includes a control valve 213 and a force sensor 214. The control valve 213 is installed on the oil supply line 31 between the hydraulic source 10 and the input end of the hydraulic cylinder 211, and is used to control the flow of hydraulic oil. The force sensor 214 is installed on the clamping part 222, and is used to monitor the pressure applied by the clamping part 222 to the battery cell 100 in real time, and to electrically connect the pressure signal to the control valve 213.

[0073] When it is necessary to pressurize the battery cell 100, the operator first places the battery cell 100 in the receiving space 223 of the actuator 20, and then the control system issues a command to open the control valve 213. The pumping device 12 of the hydraulic source 10 starts working, thereby delivering hydraulic oil to the hydraulic cylinder 211 through the oil supply line 31. The hydraulic oil pushes the piston rod 212 of the hydraulic cylinder 211 to extend, thereby driving the clamping part 222 to move towards the first upright plate 224, applying a preset clamping force to the battery cell 100. In addition, the force sensor 214 monitors the clamping force in real time. When the set pressure value is reached, the control valve 213 receives the signal from the force sensor 214 and closes, stopping the input of hydraulic oil to enter the pressure holding stage. In order to achieve long-term pressure holding, each actuator 20 is also equipped with an accumulator 23, which is connected to the oil supply line 31 between the control valve 213 and the hydraulic cylinder 211. After the control valve 213 is closed, the accumulator 23 can store hydraulic energy. When the internal pressure of the hydraulic cylinder 211 drops due to minor leakage or other influencing factors, the accumulator 23 can automatically replenish the hydraulic oil to the hydraulic cylinder 211, thereby maintaining the continuous and stable pressure of the clamping part 222 on the battery cell 100 without the need for the pumping device 12 to work continuously. Compared with the traditional battery formation capacity pressurization system, which requires a servo motor to continuously output power or uses a complex mechanical structure to lock and maintain pressure, this greatly reduces energy consumption and improves pressure holding efficiency.

[0074] Because hydraulic oil generates heat during pressurization and pressure holding, the hydraulic power source 10 also includes a cooling device 15 to ensure stable system operation. The cooling device 15 is connected to the return oil line 32 that flows from the multiple actuators 20 back to the oil reservoir 11. The cooling device 15 cools the returning hydraulic oil, preventing excessive oil temperature from affecting system performance and oil life. The cooling device 15 is electrically connected to a monitoring device 14, which can intelligently control the operation of the cooling device 15 based on oil temperature data.

[0075] The battery formation capacity pressurization system provided in this application embodiment can efficiently and energy-savingly pressurize a large number of battery cells 100 for formation capacity. The centralized hydraulic power source 10, in conjunction with the accumulator 23, solves the problem of low power source utilization in traditional battery formation capacity pressurization systems. Furthermore, during the pressure holding phase that lasts for several hours, the pumping device 12 does not need to operate continuously, significantly reducing energy consumption. The hydraulic power used in the battery formation capacity pressurization system provided in this application embodiment has the characteristics of high power density and direct drive, avoiding the efficiency loss and cumbersome structure caused by multi-stage mechanical transmission (such as reducers, gearboxes, and lead screws) in traditional battery formation capacity pressurization systems, making it particularly suitable for high-pressure pressurization scenarios. Furthermore, most of the complex power components of the battery formation capacity pressurization system provided in this application embodiment are concentrated at the hydraulic source 10. The structure of each actuator 20 is relatively simplified, and each actuator 20 only includes core components such as hydraulic cylinder 211 and clamping structure 22. This optimizes the storage space and makes maintenance more convenient, solving the problems of small storage space and difficult maintenance in traditional battery formation capacity pressurization systems.

[0076] According to a second aspect of this application, embodiments of this application provide a battery production line for the assembly line production of battery devices. The battery production line includes a battery formation capacity pressurization system as described above.

[0077] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A battery formation capacity pressurization system, characterized in that, The device includes a hydraulic power source and multiple actuators connected in parallel to the hydraulic power source. Each actuator includes at least one hydraulic structure and at least one clamping structure. The hydraulic structure is connected to the hydraulic power source. The clamping structure includes a body and a clamping part. The clamping part is slidably disposed on the body and forms a receiving space for placing a battery cell with the body. The larger surface of the battery cell faces the clamping part. The hydraulic structure is mounted on the body and the piston rod of the hydraulic structure is drivenly connected to the clamping part.

2. The battery formation capacity pressurization system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydraulic structure includes a hydraulic cylinder and a control valve. The hydraulic cylinder is installed on the main body. An oil supply pipeline is connected between the hydraulic power source and the input end of the hydraulic cylinder. The control valve is located on the oil supply pipeline to control the connection or disconnection of the oil supply pipeline.

3. The battery formation capacity pressurization system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The hydraulic structure also includes a force sensor, which is located between the piston rod end of the hydraulic cylinder and the clamping part, and is electrically connected to the control valve.

4. The battery formation capacity pressurization system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, In one of the actuators, the actuator further includes at least one accumulator connected to the oil supply line between the control valve and the hydraulic cylinder.

5. The battery formation capacity pressurization system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, In one of the actuators, the actuator includes a plurality of hydraulic structures and a plurality of clamping structures, with the plurality of hydraulic structures and the plurality of clamping structures arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, and the plurality of hydraulic cylinders of the plurality of hydraulic structures connected in parallel to the hydraulic source.

6. The battery formation capacity pressurization system according to claim 5, characterized in that, In one of the actuators, the actuator further includes an accumulator, and a plurality of hydraulic cylinders of the plurality of hydraulic structures are connected in parallel to the accumulator, and the accumulator is connected to the oil supply line between the control valve and the hydraulic cylinders.

7. The battery formation capacity pressurization system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The hydraulic power source includes an oil reservoir and a pumping device, and the oil reservoir is connected to the input end of the hydraulic cylinder through the oil supply pipeline.

8. The battery formation capacity pressurization system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The hydraulic power source also includes an overflow valve. The pumping device and the overflow valve are sequentially arranged on the oil pipeline between the oil reservoir and the control valve along the oil flow direction. Furthermore, the overflow connector of the overflow valve is connected to the oil reservoir.

9. The battery formation capacity pressurization system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The hydraulic power source also includes a monitoring device, which is installed in the oil tank and is used to monitor the pressure and / or temperature of the oil in the oil tank.

10. The battery formation capacity pressurization system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The plurality of actuators are connected to the oil reservoir by a return oil pipeline. The hydraulic source also includes a heat dissipation device connected to the return oil pipeline to dissipate heat and cool the oil flowing back in the return oil pipeline.

11. The battery formation capacity pressurization system according to claim 10, characterized in that, The heat dissipation device is electrically connected to the monitoring device.

12. The battery formation capacity pressurization system according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The main body includes a first upright plate, a second upright plate, multiple connecting rods, and a guide member. The first upright plate and the second upright plate are opposite to each other and spaced apart. The two ends of the multiple connecting rods are respectively connected to the first upright plate and the second upright plate. The two ends of the guide member are respectively connected to the first upright plate and the second upright plate. The clamping part is slidably connected to the guide member. The clamping part and the first upright plate form the receiving space. The hydraulic structure is installed on the second upright plate.

13. The battery formation capacity pressurization system according to claim 12, characterized in that, The clamping structure also includes multiple partitions, which are slidably connected to the guide member. All the partitions are located within the receiving space, and one partition is clamped between two adjacent battery cells.

14. A battery production line, characterized in that, Includes the battery formation capacity pressurization system as described in any one of claims 1-13.

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