Drilling reaming mechanism and drilling machinery

Abstract

This utility model provides a drilling rig reaming mechanism and drilling machinery. The drilling rig reaming mechanism includes a reaming device, which comprises a hollow base, a drive device disposed within the base, a hinge assembly, and a cutter head assembly. The cutter head assembly includes a cutter head mounting seat and a cutter head, with the cutter head fixedly mounted on the cutter head mounting seat, which is hinged to the base. The first end of the drive device is connected to the base, and the second end of the drive device is connected to the hinge assembly, which is hinged to the cutter head mounting seat. During its extension and retraction movement, the drive device can drive the cutter head assembly to rotate outward or inward to retract via the hinge assembly. This drilling rig reaming mechanism, by driving the cutter head assembly to rotate outward or inward to retract via the drive device, reduces the risk of cutter head damage while ensuring reaming efficiency and minimizing the occurrence of stuck drill accidents.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of engineering machinery technology, and in particular to a drilling rig reaming mechanism and drilling machinery. Background Technology

[0002] Rotary drilling rigs are a common type of construction machinery. When using the full casing process, if the rotary drilling rig encounters rock formations during drilling, it usually uses a reaming bit to core the rock and enlarge the hole so that the casing can be subsequently advanced to the designed depth.

[0003] Current mechanical reaming drill bits generally consist of a linkage mechanism and a cutter head assembly, with the linkage mechanism hinged to the cutter head assembly. During reaming operations, the drill rod applies downward pressure to the linkage mechanism, while the bottom of the linkage mechanism bears the ground and receives force, causing the linkage mechanism to drive the cutter head assembly to rotate outward and open, thereby increasing the outer diameter of the cutter head's rotation circumference to facilitate reaming. After the reaming operation is completed, the drill rod drives the linkage mechanism to move upward, and the linkage mechanism naturally droops under the gravity of the bottom structure, causing the linkage mechanism to drive the cutter head assembly to rotate inward and retract, so that the reaming drill bit can be pulled out of the hole (for details of the structure of this type of reaming drill bit, please refer to patents such as CN117307037A).

[0004] However, with the aforementioned type of reaming drill bit, the pressure applied to the cutter head assembly during opening is controlled by the drill rod. Since the pressure applied by the drill rod is uncontrollable, if the pressure is too low, the cutter head assembly opens too narrowly, preventing the cutter head from making close contact with the rock wall and affecting reaming efficiency. Conversely, if the pressure is too high, it creates significant pressure between the cutter head and the rock wall, easily damaging the cutter head. Furthermore, after the reaming operation is completed, the cutter head assembly retracts under the weight of the bottom structure of the linkage mechanism; this process is uncontrollable and can easily lead to drill jamming. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a drilling rig reaming mechanism that uses a drive device to drive the cutter head assembly to rotate outward or inward to retract. The drive device can provide a stable and controllable driving force, thereby reducing the risk of cutter head damage and minimizing the occurrence of stuck drill accidents while ensuring reaming efficiency.

[0006] This utility model provides a drilling rig reaming mechanism, including a reaming device. The reaming device includes a hollow base, a driving device disposed within the base, a hinge assembly, and a cutter head assembly. The cutter head assembly includes a cutter head mounting seat and a cutter head, which is fixedly disposed on the cutter head mounting seat and hinged to the base. A first end of the driving device is connected to the base, and a second end of the driving device is connected to the hinge assembly, which is hinged to the cutter head mounting seat. During telescopic movement, the driving device can drive the cutter head assembly to rotate outward or inward to retract via the hinge assembly.

[0007] Furthermore, the base includes a hollow cylinder and a drill rod connecting seat, the drill rod connecting seat is fixedly connected to the top of the cylinder, and the drill rod connecting seat is used to connect the drill rod; the driving device is disposed in the cylinder, the hinge assembly and the cutter head assembly are both disposed at the bottom of the cylinder, and the cutter head mounting seat is hinged to the bottom of the cylinder.

[0008] Furthermore, the base also includes a top plate and a reinforcing plate. The top plate is disposed inside the cylinder and is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cylinder. The driving device is located below the top plate, and its first end is fixedly connected to the top plate. The drill rod connecting seat is located above the top plate and is fixedly connected to the top plate. The reinforcing plate is fixedly connected to the drill rod connecting seat, the top plate, and the inner wall of the cylinder, respectively. Both the top plate and the reinforcing plate are provided with mud passage holes.

[0009] Furthermore, a notch is provided on the bottom side wall of the cylinder, and a wing plate is provided at the notch. The wing plate is fixedly connected to the cylinder, and the wing plate does not protrude from the outer surface of the cylinder. The cutter head mounting seat is hinged to the wing plate.

[0010] And / or, the top of the cylinder is fixedly provided with an annular guide portion, the guide portion having a structure in which the outer diameter gradually decreases from bottom to top.

[0011] Furthermore, the hinge assembly includes a base plate and a connecting rod, the second end of the drive device is connected to the base plate, one end of the connecting rod is hinged to the base plate, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to the cutter head mounting seat.

[0012] Furthermore, there are multiple cutter head assemblies, which are evenly spaced around the periphery of the base plate, and the cutter head mounting base of each cutter head assembly is hinged to the base plate through the connecting rod;

[0013] And / or, the first end of the cutter head mounting base is hinged to the base, the second end of the cutter head mounting base is hinged to the connecting rod, and the cutter head is at least disposed at the second end of the cutter head mounting base;

[0014] And / or, the base plate is provided with a counterweight mounting seat, which is used to install a counterweight.

[0015] Furthermore, the driving device is a hydraulic cylinder, which is used to connect to the hydraulic system of the drilling machine so as to provide hydraulic power to the driving device through the hydraulic system of the drilling machine.

[0016] Furthermore, the drilling rig reaming mechanism also includes a rotating component and hydraulic oil pipes. The rotating component includes a power head connecting seat, a rotary joint, and a drum seat arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The power head connecting seat is used to be fixedly connected to the power head of the drilling machine. The rotating part of the rotary joint is fixedly connected to the power head connecting seat and the drum seat respectively. The power head connecting seat, the rotating part of the rotary joint, and the drum seat can rotate with the power head.

[0017] The drum seat is equipped with a hose winding and unwinding device. One end of the hydraulic hose is wound around the hose winding and unwinding device and connected to the oil port on the rotary joint, so as to connect to the hydraulic system of the drilling machine through the rotary joint; the other end of the hydraulic hose is connected to the drive device.

[0018] Furthermore, the slewing component also includes an upper slewing bearing and a lower slewing bearing. The upper slewing bearing is located between the power head connecting seat and the slewing joint, and the rotating component of the slewing joint is fixedly connected to the power head connecting seat through the upper slewing bearing. The lower slewing bearing is located between the drum seat and the slewing joint, and the rotating component of the slewing joint is fixedly connected to the drum seat through the lower slewing bearing.

[0019] And / or, a fixed support is provided on the stationary part of the rotary joint, the fixed support being used for fixed connection with the stationary part of the power head;

[0020] And / or, the drilling rig reaming mechanism further includes a borehole detection device and a wireless transmitter. The borehole detection device is used to detect the borehole diameter, and the wireless transmitter is disposed on the drum seat. The borehole detection device and the wireless transmitter are electrically connected by a cable. The drum seat is provided with a cable winding and unwinding device. One end of the cable is wound around the cable winding and unwinding device and electrically connected to the wireless transmitter, and the other end of the cable is electrically connected to the borehole detection device.

[0021] This utility model also provides a drilling machine, including the drilling reaming mechanism described above.

[0022] The drilling reaming mechanism provided by this utility model has a reaming device that drives the cutter head assembly to rotate outward or inward to retract via a drive device. Because the drive device provides a stable and controllable driving force, during reaming operations, the drive device drives the cutter head assembly to rotate outward via a hinge assembly, increasing the outer diameter of the cutter head's rotation circumference. This allows the cutter head to make close contact with the rock wall and avoids excessive pressure between the cutter head and the rock wall, thereby reducing the risk of cutter head damage while ensuring reaming efficiency. Simultaneously, after the reaming operation is completed, the drive device drives the cutter head assembly to rotate inward via a hinge assembly, reducing the outer diameter of the cutter head's rotation circumference. This facilitates the removal of the reaming device from the hole. This process is stable and controllable, reducing the occurrence of stuck drill accidents. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the drilling reaming mechanism, the power head, and the drill rod in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating component in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A cross-sectional schematic diagram.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the hole-expanding device in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A structural diagram in another direction.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the hole-reaming device in the embodiment of the present invention when the cutter head assembly is in the retracted state.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the hole-expanding device in the embodiment of this utility model when the cutter head assembly is in the open state.

[0030] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the hole-expanding device in another embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate this utility model, but are not intended to limit its scope.

[0032] The terms “first,” “second,” “third,” “fourth,” etc. (if present) in the specification and claims of this utility model are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0033] The directional terms such as "up," "down," "left," "right," "front," "back," "top," and "bottom" (if present) used in the specification and claims of this utility model are defined according to the position of the structures in the drawings and the relative positions of the structures, and are only for the purpose of clarity and convenience in expressing the technical solution. It should be understood that the use of directional terms should not limit the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0034] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, this utility model embodiment provides a drilling reaming mechanism for reaming operations in drilling machinery. The drilling reaming mechanism includes a reaming device 1, which is connected to the power head 5 of the drilling machinery via a drill rod 4. That is, when the power head 5 rotates or moves up and down, it can drive the reaming device 1 to rotate and move up and down via the drill rod 4, thereby achieving reaming operations and drill rod extraction. The reaming device 1 includes a hollow base 11, a drive device 12 disposed within the base 11, a hinge assembly 13, and a cutter head assembly 14. The cutter head assembly 14 includes a cutter head mounting seat 141 and a cutter head 142. The cutter head 142 performs reaming operations when rotating. The cutter head 142 is fixedly mounted on the cutter head mounting seat 141, which is hinged to the base 11. The first end of the drive device 12 is connected to the base 11, and the second end of the drive device 12 is connected to the hinge assembly 13. The hinge assembly 13 is hinged to the cutter head mounting seat 141. The cutter head 142 is at least disposed on the cutter head mounting seat 141 near the part where it is hinged to the hinge assembly 13. The drive device 12 is capable of linear telescopic movement. During telescopic movement, the drive device 12 can drive the cutter head assembly 14 to rotate outward or inward through the hinge assembly 13 (wherein, rotating the cutter head assembly 14 outward means rotating the cutter head assembly 14 toward the side away from the center of the base 11, and rotating the cutter head assembly 14 inward means rotating the cutter head assembly 14 toward the side closer to the center of the base 11), thereby increasing or decreasing the outer diameter of the rotation circumference of the cutter head 142 (the outer diameter of the rotation circumference of the cutter head 142 refers to the maximum diameter of the circle formed by the cutter head 142 when rotating). Specifically, during the telescopic movement, the drive device 12 can drive the cutter head mounting base 141 to rotate outward or inward to retract via the hinge assembly 13, thereby causing the cutter head 142 to extend outward or retract inward.

[0035] In this embodiment, the drive device 12 is vertically arranged inside the base 11, the hinge assembly 13 is located below the drive device 12, the top end of the drive device 12 is connected to the base 11, and the bottom end of the drive device 12 is connected to the hinge assembly 13. When the drive device 12 extends downward, it drives the cutter head assembly 14 to rotate inward and retract via the hinge assembly 13, reducing the outer diameter of the rotation circumference of the cutter head 142. Ultimately, the outer diameter of the rotation circumference of the cutter head 142 is less than or equal to the outer diameter of the rotation circumference of the base 11, meaning that the cutter head 142 does not protrude outward relative to the base 11, so that the hole-reaming device 1 can be pulled out of the hole later. When the drive device 12 retracts upward, it drives the cutter head assembly 14 to rotate outward and open via the hinge assembly 13, increasing the outer diameter of the rotation circumference of the cutter head 142. Ultimately, the outer diameter of the rotation circumference of the cutter head 142 is greater than the outer diameter of the rotation circumference of the base 11, meaning that the cutter head 142 protrudes outward relative to the base 11, so that the cutter head 142 can perform hole-reaming operations. Of course, in other embodiments, when the drive device 12 extends downward, it drives the cutter head assembly 14 to rotate outward and open through the hinge assembly 13; when the drive device 12 retracts upward, it drives the cutter head assembly 14 to rotate inward and retract through the hinge assembly 13.

[0036] The drilling reaming mechanism provided in this embodiment of the utility model has a reaming device 1 that drives the cutter head assembly 14 to rotate outward or inward to retract via a drive device 12. Since the drive device 12 can provide a stable and controllable driving force, during reaming operations, the drive device 12 drives the cutter head assembly 14 to rotate outward via the hinge assembly 13, increasing the outer diameter of the rotation circumference of the cutter head 142. This allows the cutter head 142 to make close contact with the rock wall and avoids excessive pressure between the cutter head 142 and the rock wall, thereby reducing the risk of damage to the cutter head 142 while ensuring reaming efficiency. Simultaneously, after the reaming operation is completed... Then, the drive device 12 drives the cutter head assembly 14 to rotate inward and retract through the hinge assembly 13. The outer diameter of the rotation circumference of the cutter head 142 decreases, which makes it easier to pull the reaming device 1 out of the hole. This process is stable and controllable, which can reduce the occurrence of stuck drill accidents. (In existing mechanical reaming drills, after the reaming operation is completed, the cutter head assembly retracts by the gravity of the bottom structure of the linkage mechanism. Since this process is uncontrollable, in some working conditions, the cutter head assembly may not be able to retract, causing the reaming drill to get stuck with the hole wall or casing when it is lifted out of the hole, resulting in the reaming drill being unable to be lifted and the drill getting stuck.)

[0037] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the drive device 12 is a hydraulic cylinder, which is used to connect to the hydraulic system of the drilling machinery (not shown), so that the drive device 12 can be directly powered by the hydraulic system of the drilling machinery without the need for an additional power source, thereby saving costs. Of course, in other embodiments, the drive device 12 can also be a linear telescopic drive device such as an electric cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder.

[0038] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 , Figures 4 to 7 As shown, in this embodiment, the base 11 includes a hollow cylindrical body 111 and a drill rod connecting seat 112. The cylindrical body 111 is a cylindrical structure with openings at both the top and bottom. The drill rod connecting seat 112 is disposed at the top of the cylindrical body 111 and is fixedly connected to the top of the cylindrical body 111. The drill rod connecting seat 112 is used to connect the drill rod 4. Specifically, the drill rod connecting seat 112 is connected to the square head at the lower end of the drill rod 4 through a bidirectional pin. The driving device 12 is disposed inside the cylindrical body 111 and is located at the center position inside the cylindrical body 111. The hinge assembly 13 and the cutter head assembly 14 are both disposed at the bottom of the cylindrical body 111. The hinge assembly 13 is located below the cylindrical body 111, and the cutter head mounting seat 141 is hinged to the bottom of the cylindrical body 111.

[0039] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 , Figures 4 to 7 As shown, in this embodiment, the base 11 further includes a top plate 113 and a reinforcing plate 114. The top plate 113 is disposed at the top of the cylinder 111 and inside the cylinder 111, that is, the top plate 113 is located at the upper opening of the cylinder 111, and the top plate 113 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cylinder 111. The driving device 12 is located below the top plate 113, and the first end of the driving device 12 is fixedly connected to the top plate 113. The drill rod connecting seat 112 is located above the top plate 113 and is fixedly connected to the top plate 113. The reinforcing plate 114 is located above the top plate 113, and the reinforcing plate 114 is located between the drill rod connecting seat 112 and the inner wall of the cylinder 111, and the reinforcing plate 114 is fixedly connected to the drill rod connecting seat 112, the top plate 113, and the inner wall of the cylinder 111.

[0040] Specifically, in this embodiment, the top plate 113 is a circular plate, and the outer diameter of the top plate 113 is adapted to the inner diameter of the cylinder 111. The top plate 113 and the inner wall of the cylinder 111 are fixed by welding. The base 11 also includes a cylinder connecting seat 117, which is located inside the cylinder 111 and below the top plate 113. The cylinder connecting seat 117 is welded to the top plate 113, and the top end of the drive device 12 is fixedly connected to the cylinder connecting seat 117 by bolts. Specifically, the cylinder of the drive device 12 is fixedly connected to the cylinder connecting seat 117 by bolts. At the same time, cross-shaped reinforcing ribs 1131 are welded to the bottom surface of the top plate 113 to prevent the top plate 113 from deforming under stress. The drill pipe connecting seat 112 is fixed to the top plate 113 by welding. The reinforcing plate 114 is fixed to the drill pipe connecting seat 112, the top plate 113, and the inner wall of the cylinder 111 by welding, thereby giving the base 11 good structural strength. At the same time, both the top plate 113 and the reinforcing plate 114 adopt a hollow design, that is, both the top plate 113 and the reinforcing plate 114 are provided with mud passage holes 110. The mud passage holes 110 not only reduce the weight of the top plate 113 and the reinforcing plate 114, but also allow mud and rock cuttings to be discharged upward through the mud passage holes 110 during the drilling process, so as to prevent the occurrence of sediment blockage.

[0041] Furthermore, such as Figures 4 to 7 As shown, in this embodiment, an annular guide portion 116 is fixedly provided at the top of the cylinder 111. Specifically, the guide portion 116 has a circular annular structure and a tapered outer diameter that gradually decreases from bottom to top; that is, the guide portion 116 is a conical structure. The guide portion 116 can be fixed to the top of the cylinder 111 by welding. The reinforcing plate 114 is fixed to the inner wall of the guide portion 116 by welding. By providing the guide portion 116, when the hole-reaming device 1 is used in conjunction with the casing wall protection construction, after the hole-reaming operation is completed, when the hole-reaming device 1 needs to be pulled upwards to the outside of the hole, the guide portion 116 allows the hole-reaming device 1 to more easily enter the casing, thereby facilitating the drilling operation.

[0042] Furthermore, in this embodiment, a spiral-shaped slag-removing wear-resistant strip (not shown) is welded to the outer surface of the cylinder 111. The slag-removing wear-resistant strip can reduce the direct contact between rock cuttings and the outer wall of the cylinder 111, thereby reducing the wear of the cylinder 111 and improving its service life. At the same time, in this embodiment, the height of the cylinder 111 is greater than that of a conventional drill bit cylinder (for example, in this embodiment, the height of the cylinder 111 is not less than 2 meters or not less than 2.5 meters, while the height of a conventional drill bit cylinder is generally 1 meter to 1.8 meters). This is to facilitate the arrangement of the drive device 12 and to improve the guiding performance of the cylinder 111.

[0043] Furthermore, such as Figures 4 to 7As shown, in this embodiment, a long strip-shaped notch 111A is provided on the bottom sidewall of the cylinder 111. The notch 111A extends along the height direction of the cylinder 111, penetrating the lower end face of the cylinder 111, but not penetrating the upper end face of the cylinder 111. A wing plate 115 is provided at the notch 111A, and the wing plate 115 is fixedly connected to the cylinder 111. Specifically, the wing plate 115 is fixed to the cylinder 111 by welding. The wing plate 115 does not protrude from the outer surface of the cylinder 111 to avoid affecting the drilling operation, drilling down operation, and drilling up operation. Specifically, one side of the wing plate 115 is welded to the inner wall of the notch 111A, and the other side of the wing plate 115 extends into the cylinder 111. The upper end of the cutter head mounting base 141 is located within the notch 111A, and the upper end of the cutter head mounting base 141 is hinged to the wing plate 115 via a pin. The lower end of the cutter head mounting base 141 is located below the cylinder 111. When the power head 5 drives the reaming device 1 to rotate via the drill rod 4, the rotational torque of the power head 5 is mainly transmitted to the cutter head assembly 14 through the cylinder 111 and the wing plate 115 to drive the cutter head assembly 14 to rotate.

[0044] Furthermore, such as Figures 4 to 7 As shown, in this embodiment, the hinge assembly 13 includes a base plate 131 and a connecting rod 132. The second end (i.e., the lower end) of the driving device 12 is connected to the base plate 131, one end of the connecting rod 132 is hinged to the base plate 131, and the other end of the connecting rod 132 is hinged to the cutter head mounting seat 141. In this embodiment, there are multiple cutter head assemblies 14 and multiple connecting rods 132. The multiple cutter head assemblies 14 are evenly spaced around the periphery of the base plate 131. The cutter head mounting seat 141 of each cutter head assembly 14 is hinged to the base plate 131 through the connecting rod 132. At the same time, the cylinder 111 is provided with notches 111A and wing plates 115 corresponding to the positions of each cutter head assembly 14. In this embodiment, there are four cutter head assemblies 14; of course, in other embodiments, there may be two, three, or more cutter head assemblies 14. By evenly arranging multiple cutter head assemblies 14, the efficiency of hole reaming can be improved, and the hole reaming operation can be made more stable.

[0045] Specifically, in this embodiment, the base plate 131 is a circular plate, and a cylinder mounting seat 133 is provided at the center of the base plate 131. The cylinder mounting seat 133 is welded and fixed to the base plate 131. The lower end of the drive device 12 (specifically the piston rod of the drive device 12) is fixedly connected to the cylinder mounting seat 133 by a mounting pin 136. A connecting rod mounting seat 134 is provided on the edge of the base plate 131 corresponding to the position of each cutter head assembly 14. One end of the connecting rod 132 is hinged to the connecting rod mounting seat 134 by a pin, and the other end of the connecting rod 132 is hinged to the lower end of the cutter head mounting seat 141 by a pin.

[0046] In this embodiment, the cutter head mounting base 141 has a U-shaped plate structure, and the cutter head 142 is disposed in the U-shaped groove of the cutter head mounting base 141. This gives the cutter head mounting base 141 good structural strength and facilitates the installation of the cutter head 142. The cutter head 142 can be welded and fixed to the cutter head mounting base 141. Wing plates 115 are provided on the inner walls of opposite sides of the notch 111A of the cylinder 111. The two opposite side walls of the cutter head mounting base 141 are respectively hinged to the wing plates 115 on opposite sides of the notch 111A, thereby improving the connection strength between the cutter head mounting base 141 and the cylinder 111.

[0047] In this embodiment, the bottom plate 131 is located below the cylinder 111, and the outer diameter of the bottom plate 131 is smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder 111 so that the bottom plate 131 does not protrude outward relative to the cylinder 111; there is a gap between the bottom plate 131 and the bottom end of the cylinder 111, so that during the drilling process, mud and rock cuttings can enter the cylinder 111 through the gap between the bottom plate 131 and the bottom end of the cylinder 111, and then be discharged upward through the mud passage holes 110 on the top plate 113 and the reinforcing plate 114.

[0048] In this embodiment, the first end (i.e., the upper end) of the cutter head mounting base 141 is hinged to the base 11, and the second end (lower end) of the cutter head mounting base 141 is hinged to the connecting rod 132. The cutter head 142 is at least disposed at the second end of the cutter head mounting base 141, that is, the cutter head 142 is at least disposed at the lower end of the cutter head mounting base 141. This makes it easier for the cutter head 142 to extend outward or retract inward when the cutter head assembly 14 rotates.

[0049] Furthermore, such as Figures 4 to 7 As shown, in this embodiment, the base plate 131 is located below the lower end of the cutter head mounting base 141, that is, the hinge portion between the connecting rod 132 and the base plate 131 is located below the hinge portion between the connecting rod 132 and the cutter head mounting base 141. When the driving device 12 extends downward, the driving device 12 drives the base plate 131 to move downward, and the cutter head assembly 14 rotates inward to retract, thereby reducing the outer diameter of the rotation circumference of the cutter head 142 (i.e., Figure 6 (As shown in the diagram); when the drive device 12 retracts upward, the drive device 12 drives the base plate 131 to move upward, and the cutter head assembly 14 rotates outward to open, thereby increasing the outer diameter of the rotation circumference of the cutter head 142 (i.e., ... Figure 7 (The state shown).

[0050] Of course, in other embodiments, the base plate 131 can also be located above the lower end of the cutter head mounting base 141, that is, the hinge portion of the connecting rod 132 and the base plate 131 is located above the hinge portion of the connecting rod 132 and the cutter head mounting base 141. In this case, when the driving device 12 extends downward, the driving device 12 drives the base plate 131 to move downward, and the cutter head assembly 14 rotates outward to open; when the driving device 12 retracts upward, the driving device 12 drives the base plate 131 to move upward, and the cutter head assembly 14 rotates inward to retract.

[0051] Furthermore, such as Figures 4 to 7 As shown, in this embodiment, the cutter head 142 is an alloy cutter head. The type of alloy cutter head can be selected according to the formation conditions, for example, a roller cone cutter head can be selected in hard rock. Each cutter head mounting base 141 is provided with multiple cutter heads 142, arranged in multiple rows along the height direction of the cylinder 111. This improves the service life of the cutter heads 142 and increases the hole-reaming efficiency. In this embodiment, each cutter head mounting base 141 is provided with four cutter heads 142, arranged in two rows along the height direction of the cylinder 111, with two cutter heads 142 in each row.

[0052] like Figure 8 As shown, in another embodiment, a counterweight mounting base 135 is provided on the base plate 131. The counterweight mounting base 135 can be fixed to the upper surface of the base plate 131 by welding. The counterweight mounting base 135 is used to install a counterweight (not shown). By reserving installation space for adding the counterweight on the base plate 131 and the counterweight mounting base 135, during the hole reaming process, when the drive device 12 malfunctions and cannot drive the cutter head assembly 14 to rotate inward and retract, the gravity of the counterweight, combined with the pressure relief of the drive device 12, can cause the cutter head assembly 14 to rotate inward and retract, thereby ensuring that the hole reaming device 1 can be smoothly pulled out of the hole. This design can realize the automatic retraction of the hole reaming device 1 when the drive device 12 malfunctions, realizing a safe construction redundancy design and ensuring the safety of construction.

[0053] Furthermore, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the drilling rig's reaming mechanism further includes a rotating component 2 and a hydraulic oil pipe 3. The rotating component 2 is used to be mounted on the power head 5 of the drilling machine. The rotating component 2 includes a power head connecting seat 21, a rotary joint 23, and a drum seat 25 arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The power head connecting seat 21 is used to be fixedly connected to the power head 5 of the drilling machine. Specifically, the power head connecting seat 21 can be fixedly connected to the power head 5 via a pin. The rotating component 231 of the rotary joint 23 is fixedly connected to the power head connecting seat 21 and the drum seat 25 respectively. The power head connecting seat 21, the rotating component 231 of the rotary joint 23, and the drum seat 25 can rotate with the power head 5.

[0054] The drum seat 25 is equipped with a tubing winding / unwinding device 26, which is used to wind and unwind the hydraulic tubing 3. One end of the hydraulic tubing 3 is wound around the tubing winding / unwinding device 26 and connected to the oil port on the rotary joint 23, so as to connect to the hydraulic system of the drilling machine through the rotary joint 23. The other end of the hydraulic tubing 3 is connected to the drive device 12, and the hydraulic tubing 3 can rotate together with the drum seat 25 and the reaming device 1. Since the hydraulic system of the drilling machine needs to be connected to the rod chamber and the rodless chamber of the drive device 12 through two hydraulic tubings 3 respectively to realize oil inlet and return, the drum seat 25 is equipped with two tubing winding / unwinding devices 26 to wind and unwind the two hydraulic tubings 3 respectively. Meanwhile, control elements (such as hydraulic handles or related hydraulic control valves) can be installed in the cab or other locations of the drilling machine. The control elements are connected to the hydraulic system, and the hydraulic system can pressurize and depressurize the drive device 12 through the control elements, thereby controlling the extension and retraction of the drive device 12.

[0055] Specifically, since this embodiment utilizes the hydraulic system of the drilling machine to provide hydraulic power to the drive device 12, the hydraulic system of the drilling machine needs to be connected to the drive device 12 via oil pipes. Furthermore, since the reaming device 1 rotates during drilling, directly connecting the hydraulic oil pipe 3 to the hydraulic system of the drilling machine would cause the hydraulic oil pipe 3 to become entangled during rotation. Therefore, this embodiment uses a rotating component 2 and a rotary joint 23 to connect the hydraulic oil pipe 3 to the hydraulic system of the drilling machine, allowing the hydraulic oil pipe 3 to rotate along with the reaming device 1. Simultaneously, the oil pipe winding and unwinding device 26 winds and unwinds the hydraulic oil pipe 3, enabling synchronous winding and unwinding as the drill rod 4 and the reaming device 1 move up and down.

[0056] Specifically, the rotary joint 23 is a sealing device that connects a rotating component to a fixed pipeline to achieve media transmission, and it is frequently used in engineering machinery. The rotary joint 23 includes a rotating component 231 and a stationary component 232 (i.e., a housing). The stationary component 232 is sleeved outside the rotating component 231, and the rotating component 231 can rotate relative to the stationary component 232. The stationary component 232 is used to fix a stationary part on the drilling machinery to provide counter-torque and prevent the stationary component 232 from rotating. The stationary component 232 is provided with a first oil port 234, and the rotating component 231 is provided with a second oil port (not shown). The first oil port 234 is used to connect to the hydraulic system of the drilling machinery (specifically, through an oil pipe), and the second oil port is connected to the hydraulic oil pipe 3. The stationary component 232 and the rotating component 231 are provided with interconnected hydraulic channels (not shown), which connect the first oil port 234 and the second oil port. Thus, during the rotation of the rotating component 231 of the rotary joint 23, the hydraulic system of the drilling machinery can always be connected to the hydraulic oil pipe 3 through the rotary joint 23. In this embodiment, a fixed support 233 is provided on the stationary part 232 of the rotary joint 23. The fixed support 233 is specifically fixedly connected to the outer wall of the stationary part 232. The fixed support 233 is used to fixally connect to the stationary part of the power head 5 (i.e., the part of the power head 5 that will not rotate), thereby preventing the stationary part 232 of the rotary joint 23 from rotating. Of course, in other embodiments, the fixed support 233 can also be connected to other fixing components. For the specific structure and working principle of the rotary joint 23, please refer to the prior art, such as patents like CN216307044U, which will not be elaborated here.

[0057] Furthermore, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the slewing component 2 further includes an upper slewing support 22 and a lower slewing support 24. The upper slewing support 22 is located between the power head connecting seat 21 and the slewing joint 23, and the rotating component 231 of the slewing joint 23 is fixedly connected to the power head connecting seat 21 through the upper slewing support 22. The lower slewing support 24 is located between the drum seat 25 and the slewing joint 23, and the rotating component 231 of the slewing joint 23 is fixedly connected to the drum seat 25 through the lower slewing support 24.

[0058] Specifically, both the upper slewing bearing 22 and the lower slewing bearing 24 include an inner ring and an outer ring (not shown in the figure). The outer ring of the upper slewing bearing 22 is fixedly connected to the stationary part 232 of the rotary joint 23, and the inner ring of the upper slewing bearing 22 is fixedly connected to the rotating part 231 of the rotary joint 23 and the power head connecting seat 21, respectively. The outer ring of the lower slewing bearing 24 is fixedly connected to the stationary part 232 of the rotary joint 23, and the inner ring of the lower slewing bearing 24 is fixedly connected to the rotating part 231 of the rotary joint 23 and the drum seat 25, respectively. When the power head 5 rotates, it can drive the power head connecting seat 21, the inner ring of the upper slewing bearing 22, the rotating part 231 of the rotary joint 23, the inner ring of the lower slewing bearing 24, and the drum seat 25 to rotate together. At the same time, the drill rod 4, the hydraulic oil pipe 3, and the reaming device 1 also rotate together.

[0059] Furthermore, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the power head connecting seat 21, upper slewing bearing 22, slewing joint 23, lower slewing bearing 24, and drum seat 25 are all hollow structures. The upper end of the drill rod 4 passes through the slewing component 2 and is connected to the power head 5 for transmission. Therefore, the installation of the slewing component 2 will not affect the normal operation of the drill rod 4.

[0060] Furthermore, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the drilling rig's reaming mechanism also includes a borehole detection device (not shown) and a wireless transmitter (not shown). The borehole detection device is lowered into the hole to detect the borehole diameter. Generally, the borehole detection device is an ultrasonic borehole detection device, which can detect the borehole diameter by transmitting and receiving ultrasonic waves. The wireless transmitter can send signals to wirelessly transmit the borehole diameter value detected by the borehole detection device to the operator's cab or other locations to achieve the borehole detection function. The wireless transmitter is mounted on the drum seat 25, and the borehole detection device is mounted on the reaming device 1 (specifically, it can be mounted on the base plate 131). Of course, in other embodiments, the borehole detection device may not be mounted on the reaming device 1, but may be suspended in the hole by a cable. The borehole detection device and the wireless transmitter are electrically connected by a cable (not shown). The reel seat 25 is equipped with a cable winding and unwinding device 27, which is used to wind and unwind the cable. One end of the cable is wound around the cable winding and unwinding device 27 and electrically connected to the wireless transmitter, while the other end of the cable is electrically connected to the borehole probe to realize the transmission of electrical signals between the borehole probe and the wireless transmitter. Similar to the arrangement of the hydraulic oil pipe 3, the cable can rotate synchronously with the drill rod 4 and the reaming device 1, and can be wound and unwound synchronously when the drill rod 4 and the reaming device 1 move up and down.

[0061] Specifically, in this embodiment, both the hose winding / unwinding device 26 and the cable winding / unwinding device 27 include a drive motor, a drum, and an outer cover. The hydraulic hose 3 / cable is wound around the drum, and the drive motor is connected to the drum. The drive motor drives the drum to rotate, thereby achieving the winding and unwinding of the hydraulic hose 3 / cable. The outer cover covers the drive motor and the drum to provide waterproofing, dustproofing, and protection. To control the drive motor, a wireless communication module (the wireless communication module and the aforementioned wireless transmitter can be the same device) can be installed on the drum base 25. The wireless communication module is electrically connected to the drive motor and can remotely communicate with the controller in the cab to control the operation of the drive motor. Simultaneously, a power supply can be installed on the drum base 25 to power the drive motor, the wireless transmitter, and the wireless communication module.

[0062] Furthermore, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the reel seat 25 includes a connecting cylinder 251 and a mounting plate 252. The connecting cylinder 251 is a cylindrical shape, with its upper end fixedly connected to the inner ring of the lower slewing bearing 24, and its lower end fixedly connected to the mounting plate 252. The tubing winding / unwinding device 26 and the cable winding / unwinding device 27 are both mounted on the mounting plate 252.

[0063] This utility model embodiment also provides a drilling reaming method based on the drilling reaming mechanism described above, the drilling reaming method comprising:

[0064] When performing hole enlargement operations, such as Figure 7 As shown, the control drive device 12 performs either an extension or a retraction action (in this embodiment, the drive device 12 retracts upwards), causing the hinge assembly 13 to drive the cutter head assembly 14 to rotate outwards and open, thereby increasing the outer diameter of the rotation circumference of the cutter head 142, and ultimately making the outer diameter of the rotation circumference of the cutter head 142 larger than the outer diameter of the rotation circumference of the base 11, that is, the cutter head 142 protrudes outwards relative to the base 11; the power head 5 of the drilling machine drives the reaming device 1 to rotate through the drill rod 4 to perform the reaming operation; wherein, the order of the two actions of the power head 5 driving the reaming device 1 to rotate and the drive device 12 extending and retracting does not need to be distinguished, either the power head 5 drives the reaming device 1 to rotate first and then the drive device 12 extends and retracts, or the drive device 12 extends and retracts first and then the power head 5 drives the reaming device 1 to rotate, or the drive device 12 extends and retracts while the power head 5 drives the reaming device 1 to rotate;

[0065] After the hole enlargement operation is completed, such as Figure 6As shown, the control drive device 12 performs either the extension or retraction action (in this embodiment, the drive device 12 extends downwards), causing the hinge assembly 13 to drive the cutter head assembly 14 to rotate inwards and retract, thereby reducing the outer diameter of the rotation circumference of the cutter head 142, and ultimately making the outer diameter of the rotation circumference of the cutter head 142 less than or equal to the outer diameter of the rotation circumference of the base 11, that is, the cutter head 142 does not protrude outwards relative to the base 11, so as to facilitate the subsequent removal of the hole enlarging device 1 from the hole.

[0066] This utility model embodiment also provides a drilling machine, including the drilling reaming mechanism described above. This drilling machine includes, but is not limited to, rotary drilling rigs.

[0067] In this embodiment, the working steps of the drilling rig reaming mechanism are as follows:

[0068] Before starting work, connect the lower end of drill rod 4 to the drill rod connecting seat 112 of the reaming device 1, and connect the drive device 12 to the hydraulic oil pipe 3. Control the drive device 12 to extend downwards, causing the cutter head assembly 14 to rotate inwards and retract, achieving the desired result. Figure 6 As shown in the diagram, the reaming device 1 is then lowered into the working face of the hole via drill rod 4. During the reaming operation, the rotation of the power head 5 is initiated. The power head 5 drives the reaming device 1 to rotate via drill rod 4, while simultaneously gradually applying pressure to the drive device 12, causing the drive device 12 to retract upwards. This, in turn, drives the cutter head assembly 14 to rotate outwards and open. The outer diameter of the rotation circumference of the cutter head 142 gradually increases, thus achieving the desired effect. Figure 7 The state shown is such that the cutter head 142 performs cutting and hole-reaming operations on the rock wall; by controlling the hydraulic pressure applied to the drive device 12, the cutter head 142 is made to make close contact with the rock wall, and excessive squeezing pressure between the cutter head 142 and the rock wall is avoided, thereby ensuring hole-reaming efficiency while avoiding damage to the cutter head 142 caused by brute force construction.

[0069] After the reaming operation is completed, the pressure on the drive unit 12 is released, and the drive unit 12 extends downward, causing the cutter head assembly 14 to rotate inward and retract, achieving the desired result. Figure 6 The hole is then raised to the outside of the hole by the drill rod 4, the drill bit is replaced and the reaming slag is cleaned, and the entire hole reaming operation is completed.

[0070] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A drilling rig reaming mechanism, characterized by, The device includes a hole-expanding device (1), which includes a hollow base (11), a drive device (12) disposed in the base (11), a hinge assembly (13), and a cutter assembly (14). The cutter assembly (14) includes a cutter mounting seat (141) and a cutter (142). The cutter (142) is fixedly disposed on the cutter mounting seat (141), and the cutter mounting seat (141) is hinged to the base (11). The first end of the drive device (12) is connected to the base (11), and the second end of the drive device (12) is connected to the hinge assembly (13). The hinge assembly (13) is hinged to the cutter mounting seat (141). When the drive device (12) moves in a telescopic motion, it can drive the cutter assembly (14) to rotate outward or rotate inward to retract through the hinge assembly (13).

2. The drilling rig reaming mechanism of claim 1, wherein, The base (11) includes a hollow cylinder (111) and a drill rod connecting seat (112). The drill rod connecting seat (112) is fixedly connected to the top of the cylinder (111) and is used to connect the drill rod (4). The driving device (12) is disposed inside the cylinder (111). The hinge assembly (13) and the cutter head assembly (14) are both disposed at the bottom of the cylinder (111). The cutter head mounting seat (141) is hinged to the bottom of the cylinder (111).

3. The drilling rig reaming mechanism as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The base (11) further includes a top plate (113) and a reinforcing plate (114). The top plate (113) is disposed inside the cylinder (111) and is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cylinder (111). The driving device (12) is located below the top plate (113) and the first end of the driving device (12) is fixedly connected to the top plate (113). The drill rod connecting seat (112) is located above the top plate (113) and is fixedly connected to the top plate (113). The reinforcing plate (114) is fixedly connected to the drill rod connecting seat (112), the top plate (113), and the inner wall of the cylinder (111) respectively. Both the top plate (113) and the reinforcing plate (114) are provided with mud passage holes (110).

4. The drilling rig reaming mechanism as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom side wall of the cylinder (111) is provided with a notch (111A), and a wing plate (115) is provided at the notch (111A). The wing plate (115) is fixedly connected to the cylinder (111), and the wing plate (115) does not protrude from the outer surface of the cylinder (111). The cutter head mounting seat (141) is hinged to the wing plate (115). And / or, the top of the cylinder (111) is fixedly provided with an annular guide portion (116), the guide portion (116) having a structure in which the outer diameter gradually decreases from bottom to top.

5. The drilling rig reaming mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The hinge assembly (13) includes a base plate (131) and a connecting rod (132). The second end of the drive device (12) is connected to the base plate (131), one end of the connecting rod (132) is hinged to the base plate (131), and the other end of the connecting rod (132) is hinged to the cutter head mounting seat (141).

6. The drilling rig reaming mechanism as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The number of the cutter head assemblies (14) is multiple, and the multiple cutter head assemblies (14) are evenly spaced around the periphery of the base plate (131). The cutter head mounting base (141) of each cutter head assembly (14) is hinged to the base plate (131) through the connecting rod (132). And / or, the first end of the cutter head mounting base (141) is hinged to the base (11), the second end of the cutter head mounting base (141) is hinged to the connecting rod (132), and the cutter head (142) is at least disposed at the second end of the cutter head mounting base (141); And / or, the base plate (131) is provided with a counterweight mounting seat (135), which is used to install a counterweight.

7. The drilling rig reaming mechanism as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The drive device (12) is a hydraulic cylinder. The drive device (12) is used to connect to the hydraulic system of the drilling machine so as to provide hydraulic power to the drive device (12) through the hydraulic system of the drilling machine.

8. The drilling rig reaming mechanism as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The drilling rig reaming mechanism also includes a rotating component (2) and a hydraulic oil pipe (3). The rotating component (2) includes a power head connecting seat (21), a rotary joint (23), and a drum seat (25) arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The power head connecting seat (21) is used to be fixedly connected to the power head (5) of the drilling machine. The rotating part (231) of the rotary joint (23) is fixedly connected to the power head connecting seat (21) and the drum seat (25) respectively. The power head connecting seat (21), the rotating part (231) of the rotary joint (23), and the drum seat (25) can rotate with the power head (5). The drum seat (25) is provided with a tubing winding and unwinding device (26). One end of the hydraulic oil pipe (3) is wound around the tubing winding and unwinding device (26) and connected to the oil port on the rotary joint (23) so as to connect the hydraulic system of the drilling machine through the rotary joint (23); the other end of the hydraulic oil pipe (3) is connected to the drive device (12).

9. The drilling rig reaming mechanism as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The slewing component (2) further includes an upper slewing bearing (22) and a lower slewing bearing (24). The upper slewing bearing (22) is located between the power head connecting seat (21) and the slewing joint (23). The rotating component (231) of the slewing joint (23) is fixedly connected to the power head connecting seat (21) through the upper slewing bearing (22). The lower slewing bearing (24) is located between the drum seat (25) and the slewing joint (23). The rotating component (231) of the slewing joint (23) is fixedly connected to the drum seat (25) through the lower slewing bearing (24). And / or, a fixed support (233) is provided on the stationary part (232) of the rotary joint (23), the fixed support (233) being used to fixally connect to the stationary part of the power head (5); And / or, the drilling rig reaming mechanism further includes a borehole detection device and a wireless transmitter. The borehole detection device is used to detect the borehole diameter. The wireless transmitter is mounted on the drum seat (25). The borehole detection device and the wireless transmitter are electrically connected by a cable. The drum seat (25) is provided with a cable winding and unwinding device (27). One end of the cable is wound around the cable winding and unwinding device (27) and electrically connected to the wireless transmitter. The other end of the cable is electrically connected to the borehole detection device.

10. A drilling machine, characterized in that, Includes the drilling reaming mechanism as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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