Laser processing gas assist apparatus and device with self-regulating gas pressure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of laser processing gas auxiliary device and equipment of air pressure self-regulation, wherein, laser processing gas auxiliary device of air pressure self-regulation includes gas reserve cavity, gas reserve container, gas jet cavity, gas jet container, first light transmission lens, second light transmission lens, third light transmission lens, air inlet hole, gas jet hole, gas differential disc, gear rack module, constant pressure regulating piston module, gas reserve container gas hole gas differential disc gas hole, the piston cavity of constant pressure regulating piston module is communicated with the gas reserve cavity of gas reserve container, when piston rod moves, piston rod is rotated to adjust the coincidence degree of gas reserve container gas hole and the gas differential disc gas hole by gear rack module with gas differential disc drives with the described gear rack module. This kind of laser processing gas auxiliary device and equipment of air pressure self-regulation has the advantages of simple structure, low in cost, when application, the airflow of output can be ensured to maintain constant pressure, improve laser processing quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of materials processing, and in particular to a pressure-adjustable laser processing gas auxiliary device and equipment. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of aircraft, higher speeds have become a key characteristic of new equipment, meaning increasingly higher requirements for the thrust-to-weight ratio of engines. The environmental demands for carbon reduction and efficiency improvement also place higher demands on the fuel efficiency ratio of engines; how to reduce weight and increase efficiency has become a crucial issue and challenge for new aero-engines. Recently, the application of new components and materials, such as turbine blades and ceramic matrix composites, has significantly improved the thrust-to-weight ratio and fuel efficiency ratio of aero-engines, greatly promoting the development of aircraft. However, as hot-end components of aero-engines, these materials need to withstand the combined effects of near-high temperatures and high stresses for extended periods. To achieve long-term stable operation, film cooling is essential to ensure that components operate at reasonable temperatures. However, the high thermal strength and high melting point of both high-temperature alloys and ceramic matrix composites increase the difficulty of machining film micropores. Especially for ceramic matrix composites, the inherent brittleness of the material poses a significant challenge to traditional machining methods, resulting in extreme tool wear and poor component quality stability. For micropore machining with small diameters and large aspect ratios, traditional machining methods cannot produce high-quality components.

[0003] Laser processing is a rapidly developing materials processing technology in recent years, characterized by high energy density, small processing scale, and high precision, and is considered one of the best processing methods for refractory and brittle materials. Currently, laser processing is widely used in surface polishing, milling, and repair. Especially for small-diameter structures, laser processing demonstrates unique advantages due to its non-contact removal, small beam size, and precise controllability. However, laser processing still has some problems. Its high-temperature ablation removal method leads to slag splashing, vapor deposition, and oxidation, resulting in residues on the processed surface that affect the quality of the surface. This is particularly true for ceramic matrix composites with inherent brittleness, where the subsequent cleaning of these adhering residues is extremely difficult, increasing processing costs and reducing component quality. Currently, gas-assisted processing is the most common method for processing refractory and brittle materials with lasers, as it can significantly reduce residues on the processed surface. However, the pressure fluctuations in the gas flow directly from high-pressure cylinders or compressors can cause subtle changes in surface morphology when blown directly onto the processed surface, hindering further improvements in surface quality. Therefore, how to achieve a stable output of auxiliary airflow in laser processing is of great significance for further improving the fine processing of refractory and brittle materials, such as ceramic matrix composites, and is also a technical problem that the industry urgently needs to solve.

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a new technical solution to solve the existing technical problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, this utility model provides a pressure-adjustable laser processing gas auxiliary device and equipment, which effectively solves the technical problem that the pressure fluctuation of the ejected gas flow affects the processing quality in the prior art.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is:

[0007] A pressure-regulating laser processing gas-assisted device includes a gas storage container with a gas storage cavity and a gas jet container with a gas jet cavity. The gas storage container has an upper opening, and a first light-transmitting mirror for laser light to pass through is sealed at the upper opening. The gas jet container is disposed at the bottom of the gas storage container. A second light-transmitting mirror for laser light to enter the gas jet cavity from the gas storage cavity is sealed at the bottom of the gas storage container. A third light-transmitting mirror for laser light to exit the gas jet cavity from the gas jet cavity to the bottom of the gas jet container is disposed at the bottom of the gas jet container. The first, second, and third light-transmitting mirrors are configured to allow the same laser light to pass through. The gas storage container has an air inlet communicating with the gas storage cavity. The bottom of the gas jet container... The gas jet container is provided with a gas jet orifice that communicates with the gas jet cavity and is used to eject gas outward. The gas jet cavity of the gas jet container is provided with a gas differential disk, a gear and rack module, and a constant pressure regulating piston module. The gas differential disk is rotatably disposed at the bottom of the gas storage container. The bottom of the gas storage container is provided with a gas storage container vent. The gas differential disk is provided with a gas differential disk vent that matches the gas storage container vent. The piston chamber of the constant pressure regulating piston module is connected to the gas storage cavity of the gas storage container and is driven by the high-pressure gas stored in the gas storage cavity to move its piston rod. When the piston rod moves, the piston rod drives the gas differential disk to rotate through the gear and rack module to adjust the overlap between the gas storage container vent and the gas differential disk vent.

[0008] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, a bottom mounting hole is provided at the middle of the bottom of the gas storage container, and a second light-transmitting mirror and a fixing sleeve are provided at the bottom mounting hole of the storage container. The gas differential disk is rotatably mounted at the fixing sleeve through a rotating bearing.

[0009] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the bottom mounting hole of the storage container is an inverted stepped hole, the second light-transmitting lens is disposed at the stepped position of the bottom mounting hole of the storage container, and the fixing sleeve is fixedly disposed at the bottom of the second light-transmitting lens and threadedly connected to the inside of the bottom mounting hole of the storage container.

[0010] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, a second light-transmitting mirror sealing gasket is provided between the periphery of the upper wall of the second light-transmitting mirror and the stepped position of the bottom mounting hole of the storage container, and between the periphery of the lower wall of the second light-transmitting mirror and the upper end face of the fixing sleeve.

[0011] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the inner ring of the rotating bearing is fixedly installed on the fixed sleeve by bearing mounting shims and bearing fixing nuts, the outer ring of the rotating bearing is fixedly connected to the gas differential disc, and a middle differential disc mounting hole for installing the outer ring of the rotating bearing is provided in the middle position of the gas differential disc.

[0012] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, a stepped position is provided on the inner side of the upper port of the gas jet container, and an annular ball slide rail is provided at the stepped position. A number of supporting balls adapted to the ball slide rail are provided on the lower wall of the gas differential disk, and the supporting balls are rotatably supported in the ball slide rail.

[0013] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the constant pressure regulating piston module includes a piston cavity block fixed in the gas jet container. A piston cavity is opened inside the piston cavity block, and a piston is arranged in the piston cavity. The piston is connected to the piston rod, and the free end of the piston rod extends into the gas jet cavity. The piston cavity on the first side of the piston is connected to the gas storage cavity, and a piston spring is arranged in the piston cavity on the second side of the piston.

[0014] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the piston chamber block is fixedly connected to the gas jet container by piston fixing screws. The end of the piston chamber of the piston chamber block near the inner wall of the gas jet container is sealed to the inner side wall of the gas jet container through a piston module sealing gasket. The end of the piston chamber of the piston chamber block away from the inner wall of the gas jet container is provided with a piston limiting nut at its opening. One end of the piston spring abuts against the piston limiting nut, and the other end of the piston spring abuts against the side wall of the piston near the piston limiting nut.

[0015] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the gas storage container is provided with a balancing vent on its side that communicates with the gas storage cavity, the gas jet container is provided with a pressure regulating vent on its side that communicates with the piston cavity on the first side of the piston, a balancing vent connector is provided at the balancing vent, a pressure regulating vent connector is provided at the pressure regulating vent, and the balancing vent connector is connected to the pressure regulating vent connector through a connecting pipe.

[0016] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the gear and rack module includes a sliding rack that is movably disposed in the gas jet cavity and a gear that is directly or indirectly disposed in the gas differential disk. The sliding rack meshes with the gear and is directly or indirectly fixedly connected to the piston rod. When the piston rod moves, the piston rod can drive the gear to rotate through the sliding rack and ultimately drive the gas differential disk to rotate.

[0017] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the gear and rack module also includes a rack slide block, which has a rack slide groove inside. The sliding rack is slidably disposed in the rack slide groove. The rack slide block is fixedly disposed on the inner wall of the gas jet container by a slide block fixing screw. The rack slide block and the piston cavity block in the constant pressure regulating piston module are mutually positioned by a limiting post.

[0018] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, a fixing flange is fixedly provided at the upper end of the gas storage container, and the fixing flange is used to seal the first light-transmitting mirror at the upper opening of the gas storage container.

[0019] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the fixed flange is threaded to the upper part of the gas storage container, the inner side of the fixed flange has a stepped position, the periphery of the upper wall of the first light-transmitting mirror presses against the stepped position, the periphery of the lower wall of the first light-transmitting mirror presses against the upper end face of the gas storage container, and a flange sealing gasket is provided between the fixed flange and the gas storage container.

[0020] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, a first light-transmitting mirror sealing gasket is provided between the fixed flange and the periphery of the upper wall of the first light-transmitting mirror, and between the periphery of the lower wall of the first light-transmitting mirror and the upper end face of the gas storage container.

[0021] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the fixed flange is coaxially arranged with the gas storage container and the first light-transmitting mirror, and a flange connection hole for connecting with the laser head is provided on the outside of the fixed flange.

[0022] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, a bottom mounting hole is provided at the middle position of the bottom of the gas jet container. The bottom mounting hole is a stepped hole. The third light-transmitting mirror is located at the stepped position of the bottom mounting hole and is fixedly installed at the bottom mounting hole of the jet container by the third light-transmitting mirror fastening ring and the fastening ring fixing screw.

[0023] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, a third light-transmitting mirror sealing gasket is provided between the periphery of the lower wall of the third light-transmitting mirror and the stepped position of the bottom mounting hole of the jet container, and between the periphery of the upper wall of the third light-transmitting mirror and the lower wall of the fastening ring of the third light-transmitting mirror.

[0024] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the gas storage container is provided with an air inlet pipe connector at its air inlet, the air inlet pipe connector is connected to an air inlet pipe, the air inlet pipe is used to connect to an external gas source and is provided with an air inlet pipe solenoid valve, and an air inlet pipe sealing ring is provided between the air inlet pipe connector and the gas storage container.

[0025] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, a stepped position is provided on the outer side of the bottom of the gas storage container, and an external thread is provided on the inner side of the stepped position. The upper part of the gas jet container has a connecting part, and the inner side wall of the connecting part is provided with an internal thread adapted to the external thread. The gas storage container is threadedly connected to the gas jet container through the external thread and the internal thread, and an intermediate sealing gasket is provided between the gas storage container and the gas jet container.

[0026] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the gas jet holes are multiple, and the multiple gas jet holes are inclined and face the laser processing station area below the third light-transmitting mirror.

[0027] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the gas storage container, the gas jet container, the gas differential disk, the first transparent mirror, the second transparent mirror, and the third transparent mirror are coaxially arranged.

[0028] This utility model also provides:

[0029] A pressure-adjustable laser processing device, comprising a laser head and a pressure-adjustable laser processing gas auxiliary device.

[0030] This utility model also provides:

[0031] A pressure-controlled laser processing gas-assisted process is disclosed, wherein the pressure-controlled laser processing gas-assisted process is performed using the pressure-controlled laser processing gas-assisted device or the pressure-controlled laser processing equipment.

[0032] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This utility model provides a pressure-self-regulating laser processing gas auxiliary device and equipment. This pressure-self-regulating laser processing gas auxiliary device and equipment automatically controls the airflow speed of gas flowing from the gas storage cavity into the gas jet cavity through the cooperation of a gas differential disk, a gear and rack module and a constant pressure regulating piston module, thereby keeping the pressure of the gas jet cavity constant. Ultimately, this ensures that the airflow output from the gas jet hole maintains a constant pressure, guaranteeing the consistency of the workpiece surface environmental factors during laser processing and maximizing the quality of the laser-processed surface.

[0033] The pressure-self-regulating laser processing gas-assisted device and equipment provided in this patent application have the following advantages:

[0034] 1. The gas-assisted device for laser processing with self-regulating gas pressure provided in this application adopts a cylindrical cavity structure, threaded connection and sealing gasket for most of its components, which can ensure the integrity of the entire gas-assisted device and the sealing effect, facilitate quick installation and efficient control of the laser beam path; it can quickly replace the gas-assisted device with the gas flow output to meet the processing needs of refractory and brittle materials, thereby improving the processing quality of materials.

[0035] 2. This application provides a pressure-adjustable laser processing gas auxiliary device. Utilizing the principle of pressure equalization in flowing airflow, it connects a gas storage chamber and a gas jet chamber. Combined with the movement of the piston rod and sliding rack of the constant pressure regulating piston module under pressure difference, it automatically adjusts the overlap position of the gas differential disk orifice and the gas storage container orifice, thereby regulating the gas flow rate from the gas storage chamber to the gas jet chamber, ensuring stable pressure in the gas jet chamber and a stable ejected gas stream. This device is ingeniously and simply designed, utilizing the rapid feedback characteristics of gas pressure to automatically adjust the pressure difference between the gas storage chamber and the gas jet chamber, achieving a more stable gas jet.

[0036] 3. The gas-assisted device for laser processing with self-regulating gas pressure provided in this application addresses the difficulty in processing refractory and brittle materials. Laser processing assisted by this device can ensure the stability of gas-assisted parameters, thereby ensuring consistent processing conditions, reasonably controlling the heat-affected zone of the processing position, and thus achieving higher quality laser processing results.

[0037] 4. This application provides a pressure-adjustable laser processing gas-assisted device that utilizes the high flow rate of gas to efficiently remove excess heat, vaporized substances, and sputtered slag from the processing zone, thereby reducing residue adhesion on the processed surface and ensuring surface quality. Furthermore, this device is automatically adjustable and can be integrated with existing automated equipment, improving the intelligence of laser processing of refractory and brittle materials, and enhancing processing efficiency and customization. Attached Figure Description

[0038] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0039] Figure 1 This is an assembly diagram of a pressure-adjustable laser processing gas auxiliary device according to this utility model;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional view of a pressure-adjustable laser processing gas-assisted device according to this utility model;

[0041] Figure 3 This is a top view and a partial cross-sectional view of the gas jet container assembly of the constant pressure regulating piston module, gear and rack module and the gas jet container in this utility model;

[0042] Figure 4 This is a bottom view of the assembly of the constant pressure regulating piston module, gear and rack module, and airflow differential disc in this utility model;

[0043] Figure 5 This is a bottom view of the fixed flange in this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The following will clearly and completely describe the concept, specific structure, and technical effects of this utility model in conjunction with embodiments and accompanying drawings, so as to fully understand the purpose, features, and effects of this utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, not all of them. Other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without creative effort are all within the scope of protection of this utility model. Furthermore, all connections / linkages involved in the patent do not simply refer to direct contact between components, but rather to the ability to form a better connection structure by adding or reducing connecting accessories according to specific implementation conditions. The various technical features in this utility model can be combined interactively without contradicting each other, as described above. Figure 1-5 .

[0045] This utility model provides:

[0046] A pressure-regulating laser processing gas-assisted device includes a gas storage container 1 with a gas storage cavity 10 and a gas jet container 2 with a gas jet cavity 20. The gas storage container 1 has an upper opening, and a first light-transmitting mirror 41 for laser beams is sealed at the upper opening. The gas jet container 2 is disposed at the bottom of the gas storage container 1. A second light-transmitting mirror 42 for laser beams to enter the gas jet cavity 20 from the gas storage cavity 10 is sealed at the bottom of the gas storage container 1. A third light-transmitting mirror 43 for laser beams to exit the gas jet cavity 20 and return to the bottom of the gas jet container 2 is disposed at the bottom of the gas jet container 2. The first light-transmitting mirror 41, the second light-transmitting mirror 42, and the third light-transmitting mirror 43 are configured to allow the same laser beam to pass through. The gas storage container 1 has an air inlet 11 communicating with the gas storage cavity 10. The bottom of the gas jet container 2 has... The gas jet container 2 has a gas jet hole 21 that communicates with the gas jet cavity 20 and is used to eject gas outward. The gas jet cavity 20 of the gas jet container 2 is provided with a gas differential disk 3, a gear and rack module 5, and a constant pressure regulating piston module 6. The gas differential disk 3 is rotatably disposed at the bottom of the gas storage container 1. The bottom of the gas storage container 1 is provided with a gas storage container vent 12. The gas differential disk 3 is provided with a gas differential disk vent 31 that is adapted to the gas storage container vent 12. The piston chamber of the constant pressure regulating piston module 6 is connected to the gas storage cavity 10 of the gas storage container 1 and drives its piston rod 63 to move through the high pressure gas stored in the gas storage cavity 10. When the piston rod 63 moves, the piston rod 63 drives the gas differential disk 3 to rotate through the gear and rack module 5 to adjust the overlap between the gas storage container vent 12 and the gas differential disk vent 31.

[0047] In the specific implementation of this utility model, when an external gas source (high-pressure gas cylinder, compressor, etc.) inputs high-pressure gas into the gas storage cavity 10 of the gas storage container 1 through the air inlet 11, the high-pressure gas in the gas storage cavity 10 flows into the gas jet cavity 20 of the gas jet container 2 through the gas storage container air hole 12 and the gas differential disk air hole 31. Simultaneously, the high-pressure gas entering the gas jet cavity 20 is ejected outward through the gas jet hole 21, targeting the surface of the workpiece being laser-processed. During laser operation, the laser sequentially passes through the first transparent mirror 41, the second transparent mirror 42, and the third transparent mirror 43 to process the workpiece. During this processing, gas is injected through the gas jet hole 21 to assist processing and improve processing quality. In the above-mentioned gas-assisted processing, when the external gas source pressure is stable, the airflow ejected from the gas jet hole 21 is stable. When the external gas source pressure increases, the gas pressure inside the gas storage chamber 10 increases. This increased pressure in the gas storage chamber 10 leads to a higher gas flow velocity into the gas jet chamber 20 of the gas jet container 2, which flows through the gas storage container vent 12 and the gas differential disk vent 31. Simultaneously, the high-pressure gas in the gas storage chamber 10 pushes the piston rod 63 in the constant pressure regulating piston module 6 to move. The piston rod 63, through the gear and rack module 5, drives the gas differential disk 3 to rotate. Initially, the gas storage container vent 12 and the gas differential disk vent 31 are partially overlapped. As the gas differential disk 3 rotates, the overlap between the gas storage container vent 12 and the gas differential disk vent 31 decreases, reducing the cross-sectional area of ​​the gas flowing from the gas storage cavity 10 into the gas jet cavity 20. At this point, with increased flow velocity, the total amount flowing into the gas jet cavity 20 remains constant by reducing the effective airflow cross-section, thus ensuring constant pressure in the gas jet cavity 20. This ultimately ensures stable airflow through the gas jet vent 21, thereby guaranteeing the consistency of environmental factors on the processed surface and maximizing the quality of the laser-processed surface. Similarly, when the external gas source pressure decreases, the above process reverses to ensure stable ejected gas pressure. This process is automatically adjusted, requiring no manual intervention, and features a simple structure, ingenious design, and low implementation difficulty.

[0048] In some embodiments, a bottom mounting hole 13 is provided at the center of the bottom of the gas storage container 1. A second light-transmitting mirror 42 and a fixing sleeve 71 are disposed at the bottom mounting hole 13. The gas differential disk 3 is rotatably mounted on the fixing sleeve 71 via a rotating bearing 72. The bottom mounting hole 13 is an inverted stepped hole. The second light-transmitting mirror 42 is disposed at the stepped position of the bottom mounting hole 13. The fixing sleeve 71 is fixedly disposed at the bottom of the second light-transmitting mirror 42 and threadedly connected to the inside of the bottom mounting hole 13. The fixing sleeve 71 is connected to the gas storage container 1 by a threaded connection, facilitating replacement by the assembly machine and simplifying maintenance.

[0049] In some embodiments, a second light-transmitting mirror sealing gasket 421 is provided between the periphery of the upper wall of the second light-transmitting mirror 42 and the stepped position of the bottom mounting hole 13 of the storage container, and between the periphery of the lower wall of the second light-transmitting mirror 42 and the upper end face of the fixing sleeve 71. The sealing performance of the second light-transmitting mirror 42 can be effectively guaranteed by the second light-transmitting mirror sealing gasket 421, which effectively ensures the stability and reliability of the device.

[0050] In some embodiments, the inner ring of the rotating bearing 72 is fixedly mounted on the fixing sleeve 71 by a bearing mounting washer 721 and a bearing fixing nut 722. The outer ring of the rotating bearing 72 is fixedly connected to the gas differential disc 3. A center differential disc mounting hole for mounting the outer ring of the rotating bearing 72 is provided in the middle of the gas differential disc 3. The rotating bearing 72 provides rotational performance for the gas differential disc 3, reduces rotational friction, and also provides support for the stable installation of the gas differential disc 3.

[0051] In some embodiments, a stepped position is provided on the inner side of the upper port of the gas jet container 2, and an annular ball bearing slide rail 32 is provided at the stepped position. A plurality of supporting balls 33 adapted to the ball bearing slide rail 32 are provided on the lower wall of the gas differential disk 3. The supporting balls 33 are rotatably supported in the ball bearing slide rail 32. By setting the structure of the ball bearing slide rail 32 and the supporting balls 33, the rotational friction of the gas differential disk 3 is reduced, its rotational response speed and rotational accuracy are improved, and its service life and reliability are also improved.

[0052] To ensure sealing performance, the bottom surface of the gas storage container 1 and the upper surface of the gas differential disk 3 are dynamically sealed. In this embodiment, both the gas differential disk 3 and the gas storage container 1 are made of bronze, which facilitates relative sliding in a sealed contact.

[0053] In some embodiments, the constant pressure regulating piston module 6 includes a piston cavity block 61 fixed to the gas jet container 2. The piston cavity block 61 has a piston cavity inside, and a piston 62 is disposed in the piston cavity. The piston 62 is connected to the piston rod 63, and the free end of the piston rod 63 extends into the gas jet cavity 20. The piston cavity on the first side of the piston 62 communicates with the gas storage cavity 10, and a piston spring 64 is disposed in the piston cavity on the second side of the piston 62. The piston chamber block 61 is fixedly connected to the gas jet container 2 by piston fixing screw 611. The end of the piston chamber of the piston chamber block 61 near the inner wall of the gas jet container 2 is sealed to the inner side wall of the gas jet container 2 by piston module sealing gasket 65. The end of the piston chamber of the piston chamber block 61 away from the inner wall of the gas jet container 2 is provided with a piston limiting nut 66 at its opening. One end of the piston spring 64 abuts against the piston limiting nut 66, and the other end of the piston spring 64 abuts against the side wall of the piston 62 near the piston limiting nut 66. The gas storage container 1 has a balancing vent 14 on its side that communicates with the gas storage cavity 10. The gas jet container 2 has a pressure regulating vent 24 on its side that communicates with the piston cavity on the first side of the piston 62. A balancing vent connector 15 is provided at the balancing vent 14. A pressure regulating vent connector 25 is provided at the pressure regulating vent 24. The balancing vent connector 15 is connected to the pressure regulating vent connector 25 through a connecting pipe 26.

[0054] In specific implementation, when the gas level in the gas storage chamber 10 increases, the gas in the gas storage chamber 10 flows into the piston chamber of the constant pressure regulating piston module 6 through the balance vent 14, balance vent connector 15, connecting pipe 26, pressure regulating vent connector 25, and pressure regulating vent 24, pushing the piston 62 in the constant pressure regulating piston module 6 to move inward. The piston 62 synchronously drives the piston rod 63 to move inward. During the movement, the piston rod 63 drives the gas differential disk 3 to rotate through the gear and rack module 5, so that the gas storage container vent 12 and the gas differential disk... The lower overlap of the vent 31 ensures that the gas pressure inside the gas jet chamber 20 and the gas pressure ejected from the gas jet orifice 21 remain stable. Similarly, when the gas pressure inside the gas storage chamber 10 decreases, the piston rod 63 moves in the opposite direction under the elastic force of the piston spring 64, ultimately causing the gas differential disk 3 to rotate in the opposite direction. This further increases the overlap between the vent 12 of the gas storage container and the vent 31 of the gas differential disk, thus ensuring that the gas pressure inside the gas jet chamber 20 and the gas pressure ejected from the gas jet orifice 21 remain stable. In this way, the constant pressure regulating piston module 6 ensures stable gas pressure through the above-mentioned automatic adjustment process.

[0055] In some embodiments, the gear and rack module 5 includes a sliding rack 52 movably disposed in the gas jet cavity 20 and a gear 53 directly or indirectly disposed in the gas differential disk 3. The sliding rack 52 and the gear 53 mesh with each other. The sliding rack 52 is directly or indirectly fixedly connected to the piston rod 63. When the piston rod 63 moves, the piston rod 63 can drive the gear 53 to rotate through the sliding rack 52, and ultimately drive the gas differential disk 3 to rotate. In this embodiment, the gear 53 and the gas differential disk 3 are integrally disposed. In some gas embodiments, the gear 53 can also be disposed as an independent component.

[0056] In some embodiments, the gear and rack module 5 further includes a rack slide block 51, the rack slide block 51 having a rack slide groove inside, the sliding rack 52 being slidably disposed in the rack slide groove, the rack slide block 51 being fixedly disposed on the inner wall of the gas jet container 2 by a slide block fixing screw 511, and the rack slide block 51 and the piston cavity block 61 in the constant pressure regulating piston module 6 being mutually positioned by a limiting post 54.

[0057] In some embodiments, a fixing flange 8 is fixedly provided at the upper end of the gas storage container 1. The fixing flange 8 is used to seal the first light-transmitting lens 41 at the upper opening of the gas storage container 1. The fixing flange 8 is threadedly connected to the upper part of the gas storage container 1. In this embodiment, the fixing flange 8 is coaxially arranged with the gas storage container 1 and the first light-transmitting lens 41. A flange connection hole 82 for connecting to a laser head is provided on the outer side of the fixing flange 8. The fixing flange 8 and the gas storage container 1 are assembled by a threaded connection, which facilitates the maintenance of the assembly machine and is also beneficial for subsequent replacement of parts. The inner side of the fixing flange 8 has a stepped position. The periphery of the upper wall of the first light-transmitting lens 41 presses against the stepped position, and the periphery of the lower wall of the first light-transmitting lens 41 presses against the upper end face of the gas storage container 1. A flange sealing gasket 81 is provided between the fixing flange 8 and the gas storage container 1. The flange sealing gasket 81 ensures the sealing performance of the connection between the fixing flange 8 and the gas storage container 1, ensuring the reliability and stability of the device. In addition, a first light-transmitting mirror sealing gasket 411 is provided between the fixed flange 8 and the periphery of the upper wall of the first light-transmitting mirror 41, and between the periphery of the lower wall of the first light-transmitting mirror 41 and the upper end face of the gas storage container 1. The sealing performance at the first light-transmitting mirror 41 is ensured by the first light-transmitting mirror sealing gasket 411.

[0058] In some embodiments, a bottom mounting hole 22 is provided at the middle position of the bottom of the gas jet container 2. The bottom mounting hole 22 is a stepped hole. The third transparent mirror 43 is disposed at the stepped position of the bottom mounting hole 22 and is fixedly installed at the bottom mounting hole 22 by a third transparent mirror fastening ring 432 and a fastening ring fixing screw 433. The fastening ring 432 and the fastening ring fixing screw 433 facilitate the quick installation of the third transparent mirror 43 and also facilitate the subsequent maintenance and replacement of the third transparent mirror 43. In addition, a third transparent mirror sealing gasket 431 is provided between the lower periphery of the third transparent mirror 43 and the stepped position of the bottom mounting hole 22, and between the upper periphery of the third transparent mirror 43 and the lower wall of the third transparent mirror fastening ring 432. The sealing gasket 431 ensures the sealing performance of the third transparent mirror 43, which helps to ensure the reliability and stability of the entire device.

[0059] In some embodiments, the gas storage container 1 is provided with an air inlet connector 16 at its air inlet 11. The air inlet connector 16 is connected to an air inlet pipe 161. The air inlet pipe 161 is used to connect to an external gas source and is provided with an air inlet solenoid valve 162. An air inlet sealing ring 163 is provided between the air inlet connector 16 and the gas storage container 1. The air inlet sealing ring 163 ensures the sealing performance at the air inlet connector 16. The air inlet pipe 161 is connected to an external gas source, and the air inlet solenoid valve 163 controls the on / off of the gas source.

[0060] In some embodiments, the gas storage container 1 has a stepped position on the outer side of its bottom, and an external thread is provided on the inner side of the stepped position. The gas jet container 2 has a connecting part on its upper part, and an internal thread adapted to the external thread is provided on the inner side wall of the connecting part. The gas storage container 1 is threadedly connected to the gas jet container 2 through the external thread and the internal thread. This threaded connection method facilitates the assembly and maintenance of components. An intermediate sealing gasket 23 is provided between the gas storage container 1 and the gas jet container 2 to ensure the sealing performance between the gas storage container 1 and the gas jet container 2.

[0061] In some embodiments, there are multiple gas jet holes 21, which are inclined and face the laser processing station area below the third transparent mirror 43. Specifically, the gas jet holes 21 can be arranged in a circular array around the third transparent mirror 43. The inclination angle of the gas jet holes 21 can be set according to specific processing requirements.

[0062] In some embodiments, the gas storage container 1, the gas jet container 2, the gas differential disk 3, the first transparent mirror 41, the second transparent mirror 42, and the third transparent mirror 43 are coaxially arranged. The coaxial arrangement of the gas differential disk 3, the first transparent mirror 41, the second transparent mirror 42, and the third transparent mirror 43 ensures that the laser can pass through the device more efficiently, improving processing quality.

[0063] Based on the above-mentioned pressure-self-regulating laser processing gas-assisted device, this utility model also provides:

[0064] A pressure-adjustable laser processing device, comprising a laser head and a pressure-adjustable laser processing gas auxiliary device.

[0065] The self-regulating laser processing gas assist device and self-regulating laser processing equipment provided in this application generally include the following steps when assisting laser processing:

[0066] Step 1: Move the pressure-adjustable laser processing gas auxiliary device connected to the laser processing head to a position above the carbon fiber reinforced silicon carbide composite material component;

[0067] Step 2: Set the laser processing parameters, including laser output power, scanning speed, pulse frequency, pulse energy, and airflow pressure;

[0068] Step 3: Control the movement of the laser processing and its pressure-adjusting laser processing gas auxiliary device through the operation control system, open the external solenoid valve, introduce high-pressure nitrogen, and start laser processing after the airflow self-adjusts and stabilizes.

[0069] Step 4: Observe the quality of the processed surface through the vision system, combine the information feedback to adjust the process parameters of the technician, and compare the quality of the processed surface before and after parameter adjustment;

[0070] Step 5: Repeat step 4 until the processed surface meets the predetermined requirements.

[0071] Based on the above-mentioned pressure-self-regulating laser processing gas-assisted device and pressure-self-regulating laser processing equipment, this utility model also provides:

[0072] A pressure-controlled laser processing gas-assisted process is disclosed, wherein the pressure-controlled laser processing gas-assisted process is performed using the pressure-controlled laser processing gas-assisted device or the pressure-controlled laser processing equipment.

[0073] The above is a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present utility model. However, the present utility model is not limited to the described embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the present utility model. All such equivalent modifications or substitutions are included within the scope defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A pressure-adjustable gas-assisted laser processing device, characterized in that: The system includes a gas storage container (1) with a gas storage cavity (10) and a gas jet container (2) with a gas jet cavity (20). The gas storage container (1) has an upper opening and a first light-transmitting lens (41) for laser light to pass through is sealed at the upper opening. The gas jet container (2) is located at the bottom of the gas storage container (1), and a first light-transmitting lens (41) for laser light to enter the gas jet cavity (20) from the gas storage cavity (10) is sealed at the bottom of the gas storage container (1). Two light-transmitting mirrors (42) are provided at the bottom of the gas jet container (2) for laser to be emitted from the gas jet cavity (20) to the bottom of the gas jet container (2). The first light-transmitting mirror (41), the second light-transmitting mirror (42) and the third light-transmitting mirror (43) are configured to be able to be passed through by the same laser. The gas storage container (1) is provided with an air inlet (11) communicating with the gas storage cavity (10). The bottom of the gas jet container (2) is provided with a connection to the gas jet cavity. (20) A gas jet orifice (21) is connected and used for ejecting gas outward. A gas differential disk (3), a gear and rack module (5), and a constant pressure regulating piston module (6) are provided in the gas jet cavity (20) of the gas jet container (2). The gas differential disk (3) is rotatably disposed at the bottom of the gas storage container (1). A gas storage container vent (12) is provided at the bottom of the gas storage container (1). The gas differential disk (3) is provided with a fitting adapted to the gas storage container vent (12). The gas differential disc vent (31) is connected to the gas storage chamber (10) of the gas storage container (1) by the piston chamber of the constant pressure regulating piston module (6). The piston rod (63) is driven to move by the high pressure gas stored in the gas storage chamber (10). When the piston rod (63) moves, the piston rod (63) drives the gas differential disc (3) to rotate through the gear and rack module (5) to adjust the overlap between the gas storage container vent (12) and the gas differential disc vent (31).

2. The pressure-self-regulating laser processing gas-assisted device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas storage container (1) has a bottom mounting hole (13) at the middle of its bottom. The second light-transmitting mirror (42) and a fixed sleeve (71) are provided at the bottom mounting hole (13). The gas differential disk (3) is rotatably mounted at the fixed sleeve (71) via a rotating bearing (72).

3. The pressure-adjustable laser processing gas-assisted device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom mounting hole (13) of the storage container is an inverted stepped hole. The second light-transmitting lens (42) is set at the stepped position of the bottom mounting hole (13) of the storage container. The fixing sleeve (71) is fixedly set at the bottom of the second light-transmitting lens (42) and is threadedly connected to the inside of the bottom mounting hole (13) of the storage container. A second light-transmitting mirror sealing gasket (421) is provided between the upper wall periphery of the second light-transmitting mirror (42) and the stepped position of the bottom mounting hole (13) of the storage container, and between the lower wall periphery of the second light-transmitting mirror (42) and the upper end face of the fixing sleeve (71). The inner ring of the rotating bearing (72) is fixedly mounted on the fixed sleeve (71) by bearing mounting shims (721) and bearing fixing nuts (722). The outer ring of the rotating bearing (72) is fixedly connected to the gas differential disc (3). The gas differential disc (3) has a middle differential disc mounting hole for mounting the outer ring of the rotating bearing (72) at the middle position.

4. The pressure-adjustable laser processing gas-assisted device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas jet container (2) has a stepped position on the inner side of the upper port, and a circular ball slide rail (32) is provided at the stepped position. The lower wall of the gas differential disk (3) is provided with a number of supporting balls (33) that are adapted to the ball slide rail (32). The supporting balls (33) are rotatably supported in the ball slide rail (32).

5. A pressure-self-regulating laser processing gas-assisted device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The constant pressure regulating piston module (6) includes a piston cavity block (61) fixed in the gas jet container (2). The piston cavity block (61) has a piston cavity inside, and a piston (62) is provided in the piston cavity. The piston (62) is connected to the piston rod (63), and the free end of the piston rod (63) extends into the gas jet cavity (20). The piston cavity on the first side of the piston (62) is connected to the gas storage cavity (10), and a piston spring (64) is provided in the piston cavity on the second side of the piston (62).

6. A pressure-self-regulating laser processing gas-assisted device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The piston chamber block (61) is fixedly connected to the gas jet container (2) by piston fixing screw (611). The end of the piston chamber of the piston chamber block (61) near the inner wall of the gas jet container (2) is sealed to the inner side wall of the gas jet container (2) through piston module sealing gasket (65). The end of the piston chamber of the piston chamber block (61) away from the inner wall of the gas jet container (2) is provided with a piston limiting nut (66) at its opening position. One end of the piston spring (64) abuts against the piston limiting nut (66), and the other end of the piston spring (64) abuts against the side wall of the piston (62) near the piston limiting nut (66). The gas storage container (1) has a balance vent (14) on its side that communicates with the gas storage cavity (10). The gas jet container (2) has a pressure regulating vent (24) on its side that communicates with the piston cavity on the first side of the piston (62). A balance vent connector (15) is provided at the balance vent (14). A pressure regulating vent connector (25) is provided at the pressure regulating vent (24). The balance vent connector (15) is connected to the pressure regulating vent connector (25) through a connecting pipe (26).

7. A pressure-adjustable laser processing gas-assisted device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gear and rack module (5) includes or is movably disposed in the gas jet cavity (20) and a gear (53) directly or indirectly disposed in the gas differential disk (3). The sliding rack (52) and the gear (53) mesh with each other. The sliding rack (52) is directly or indirectly fixedly connected to the piston rod (63). When the piston rod (63) moves, the piston rod (63) can drive the gear (53) to rotate through the sliding rack (52) and ultimately drive the gas differential disk (3) to rotate.

8. A pressure-self-regulating laser processing gas-assisted device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The gear and rack module (5) also includes a rack slide block (51), which has a rack slide groove inside. The sliding rack (52) is slidably disposed in the rack slide groove. The rack slide block (51) is fixedly disposed on the inner wall of the gas jet container (2) by a slide block fixing screw (511). The rack slide block (51) and the piston cavity block (61) in the constant pressure regulating piston module (6) are positioned relative to each other by a limiting post (54).

9. A pressure-adjustable laser processing gas-assisted device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixing flange (8) is fixedly provided at the upper end of the gas storage container (1). The fixing flange (8) is used to seal the first light-transmitting lens (41) at the upper opening of the gas storage container (1).

10. A pressure-self-regulating laser processing gas-assisted device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The fixed flange (8) is threaded to the upper part of the gas storage container (1). The fixed flange (8) has a stepped position on its inner side. The upper wall periphery of the first light-transmitting mirror (41) presses against the stepped position. The lower wall periphery of the first light-transmitting mirror (41) presses against the upper end face of the gas storage container (1). A flange sealing gasket (81) is provided between the fixed flange (8) and the gas storage container (1). A first light-transmitting mirror sealing gasket (411) is provided between the fixed flange (8) and the periphery of the upper wall of the first light-transmitting mirror (41) and between the periphery of the lower wall of the first light-transmitting mirror (41) and the upper end face of the gas storage container (1). The fixed flange (8) is coaxially arranged with the gas storage container (1) and the first light-transmitting mirror (41), and a flange connection hole (82) for connecting with the laser head is provided on the outside of the fixed flange (8).

11. A pressure-adjustable laser processing gas-assisted device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas jet container (2) has a jet container bottom mounting hole (22) at the middle of its bottom. The jet container bottom mounting hole (22) is a stepped hole. The third light-transmitting mirror (43) is located at the stepped position of the jet container bottom mounting hole (22) and is fixedly installed at the jet container bottom mounting hole (22) by the third light-transmitting mirror fastening ring (432) and the fastening ring fixing screw (433).

12. A pressure-self-regulating laser processing gas-assisted device according to claim 11, characterized in that: A third light-transmitting mirror sealing gasket (431) is provided between the lower wall periphery of the third light-transmitting mirror (43) and the stepped position of the bottom mounting hole (22) of the jet container, and between the upper wall periphery of the third light-transmitting mirror (43) and the lower wall of the third light-transmitting mirror fastening ring (432).

13. A pressure-adjustable laser processing gas-assisted device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas storage container (1) is provided with an air inlet pipe connector (16) at its air inlet (11), the air inlet pipe connector (16) is connected to an air inlet pipe (161), the air inlet pipe (161) is used to connect to an external gas source and is provided with an air inlet pipe solenoid valve (162), and an air inlet pipe sealing ring (163) is provided between the air inlet pipe connector (16) and the gas storage container (1).

14. A pressure-adjustable laser processing gas-assisted device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas storage container (1) has a stepped position on the outer side of its bottom, and an external thread is provided on the inner side of the stepped position. The gas jet container (2) has a connecting part on its upper part, and an internal thread adapted to the external thread is provided on the inner side wall of the connecting part. The gas storage container (1) is threadedly connected to the gas jet container (2) through the external thread and the internal thread. An intermediate sealing gasket (23) is provided between the gas storage container (1) and the gas jet container (2).

15. A pressure-self-regulating laser processing gas-assisted device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas jet holes (21) are multiple, and the multiple gas jet holes (21) are inclined and face the laser processing station area below the third light-transmitting mirror (43); The gas storage container (1), the gas jet container (2), the gas differential disk (3), the first light-transmitting mirror (41), the second light-transmitting mirror (42), and the third light-transmitting mirror (43) are coaxially arranged.

16. A self-regulating laser processing device, characterized in that: The pressure-adjustable laser processing equipment includes a laser head and a pressure-adjustable laser processing gas auxiliary device as described in any one of claims 1-15.

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