A heated floor for rail vehicles

Abstract

This utility model discloses a heated floor for rail vehicles, belonging to the field of rail vehicle technology, and can solve the problems of easy damage and high cost of existing heated floors. The floor includes: a carbon nanotube heating layer comprising multiple spaced carbon nanotube films for converting electrical energy into heat energy; an encapsulation layer covering the surface of the carbon nanotube heating layer; a support layer covering the surface of the encapsulation layer; a flame-retardant layer covering the surface of the support layer; a floor layer disposed on the surface of the flame-retardant layer; and a power supply electrically connected to the carbon nanotube heating layer for supplying power to the carbon nanotube heating layer. This utility model is used for heating the floor of rail vehicles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a heated floor for rail vehicles, belonging to the field of rail vehicle technology. Background Technology

[0002] When subway and light rail vehicles operate in frigid winters, the "piston effect" causes a surge of cold air into station entrances, ventilation shafts, and tunnel entrances, leading to a rapid drop in interior temperature, especially at tunnel entrances where air temperatures often fall below 5°C in winter. The "Subway Design Code" (GB50157-2013) stipulates that the air temperature inside tunnel sections should not be lower than 5°C in winter. Low temperatures can cause freezing damage to equipment and water pipes inside the rail vehicles, posing a serious safety hazard to the normal operation of the rail transit system. Therefore, it is necessary to heat the rail vehicles to ensure their safe operation.

[0003] Currently, heating equipment for rail vehicles typically uses aluminum honeycomb heating composite floors. However, the honeycomb layers of the aluminum honeycomb composite panel are composed of tiny and fragile honeycomb structures, which are easily damaged when subjected to external impacts. This results in low structural strength and stability of the aluminum honeycomb composite panel. Furthermore, the aluminum honeycomb heating composite floor is difficult and costly to manufacture, making it expensive and unsuitable for large-scale use. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a heated floor for rail vehicles, which can solve the problems of low structural strength and stability and high cost of existing heated floors.

[0005] This utility model provides a heated floor for rail vehicles, the floor comprising: The carbon nanotube heating layer comprises multiple carbon nanotube films spaced apart, used to convert electrical energy into heat energy; An encapsulation layer is applied to the surface of the carbon nanotube heating layer. A support cladding layer covers the surface of the encapsulation cladding layer; A flame-retardant cladding layer is applied to the surface of the supporting cladding layer. A floor layer is disposed on the surface of the flame-retardant cladding; A power source, electrically connected to the carbon nanotube heating layer, is used to supply power to the carbon nanotube heating layer.

[0006] Optionally, the floor further includes: A connection component for electrically connecting the carbon nanotube heating layer to the power source.

[0007] Optionally, the connection component includes: Two copper foils are used to connect multiple carbon nanotube films in parallel; Two wires, one end of which is electrically connected to two copper foils respectively, and the other end of which is electrically connected to a power source, to form a closed circuit between multiple carbon nanotube films and the power source.

[0008] Optionally, the floor further includes: A control component, connected in series in the closed circuit, is used to connect or disconnect the closed circuit.

[0009] Optionally, the control component includes: A temperature control switch, connected in series in the closed circuit, is used to connect or disconnect the closed circuit according to the temperature of the multiple carbon nanotube films.

[0010] Optionally, the encapsulation layer includes: An upper encapsulation layer is applied to the upper surface of the carbon nanotube heating layer. The lower encapsulation layer covers the lower surface of the carbon nanotube heating layer; the support layer covers the surfaces of the upper encapsulation layer and the lower encapsulation layer.

[0011] Optionally, the support cladding includes: An upper foamed core layer covers the surface of the upper encapsulation layer; The lower foam core layer covers the surface of the lower encapsulation layer; the flame-retardant coating covers the surfaces of the upper foam core layer and the lower foam core layer.

[0012] Optionally, the flame-retardant cladding includes: An upper flame-retardant layer is applied to the surface of the upper foamed core layer. A lower flame-retardant layer is wrapped around the surface of the lower foamed core layer; the floor layer is disposed on the surface of the lower flame-retardant layer.

[0013] Optionally, the control component further includes: A power switch, electrically connected to the power source, is used to turn the power source on or off.

[0014] The beneficial effects that this utility model can produce include: This invention utilizes a carbon nanotube heating layer, encapsulated, supported, and flame-retardant, on the floor layer to convert electrical energy into heat, thereby heating the floor and raising the temperature inside the vehicle. Because the carbon nanotube film possesses high elasticity and toughness, it can be bent freely and is not easily damaged under significant mechanical stress. Furthermore, the multi-layered encapsulation structure of the carbon nanotube heating layer protects it, resulting in higher structural strength and stability compared to existing heated floors. Additionally, the small size and thin structure of the carbon nanotube film facilitate lightweight design, and its ease of manufacturing and transportation reduces manufacturing and transportation costs, making it suitable for widespread use. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a heated floor for rail vehicles provided in an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the carbon nanotube heating layer provided in this embodiment of the utility model; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the control component provided in an embodiment of this utility model. Figure label: 1. Carbon nanotube heating layer; 2. Upper encapsulation layer; 3. Lower encapsulation layer; 4. Upper foamed core layer; 5. Lower foamed core layer; 6. Upper flame retardant layer; 7. Lower flame retardant layer; 8. Floor layer; 9. Carbon nanotube film; 10. Copper foil; 11. Wire; 12. Power supply; 13. Power switch; 14. Temperature control switch. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0017] This utility model embodiment provides a heated floor for rail vehicles, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the floor includes: The carbon nanotube heating layer 1 includes multiple carbon nanotube films 9 spaced apart, used to convert electrical energy into heat energy; An encapsulation layer is applied to the surface of the carbon nanotube heating layer 1. Support cladding, covering the surface of the encapsulation cladding; Flame-retardant cladding, covering the surface of the supporting cladding; Floor layer 8 is installed on the surface of the flame-retardant cladding layer; Power supply 12 is electrically connected to carbon nanotube heating layer 1 and is used to supply power to carbon nanotube heating layer 1.

[0018] Specifically, the carbon nanotube film 9 is made of carbon nanotube film material, which, based on the material properties of carbon nanotube film material, can generate heat when electricity is applied. In this embodiment, the carbon nanotube film 9 is elongated, with multiple carbon nanotube films 9 arranged in parallel, and the spacing between each pair of adjacent carbon nanotube films 9 is equal.

[0019] This embodiment utilizes carbon nanotube film 9 for heating, which has the following advantages: (1) Carbon nanotube film 9 has an electrothermal conversion efficiency of up to 99%, is energy-saving and environmentally friendly, has a fast heating speed, can achieve rapid heating and cooling, improves working efficiency and reduces energy loss. (2) Carbon nanotube heating layer 1 made of carbon nanotube film 9 can achieve planar heating, which is conducive to achieving uniform heating of floor layer 8 and avoiding uneven stress distribution and material deformation caused by uneven temperature. (3) Carbon nanotube film 9 is soft and has high toughness, can be bent at will, and is not easily damaged when subjected to large mechanical stress. At the same time, this embodiment also adopts a multi-layer coating structure such as encapsulation layer, support layer and flame retardant layer to protect carbon nanotube heating layer 1. Therefore, this utility model has higher structural strength and stability than existing heating floor. (4) Carbon nanotube film 9 has low density and thin structure, which is convenient for lightweight design. At the same time, it is easy to manufacture and transport, so the manufacturing cost and transportation cost of this embodiment are low, which is suitable for large-scale promotion and use. (5) Carbon nanotube film 9 has good corrosion resistance and a long service life.

[0020] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, the encapsulation layer may include: Upper encapsulation layer 2 is wrapped around the upper surface of carbon nanotube heating layer 1; The lower encapsulation layer 3 covers the lower surface of the carbon nanotube heating layer 1; the support layer covers the surfaces of the upper encapsulation layer 2 and the lower encapsulation layer 3.

[0021] The upper encapsulation layer 2 and the lower encapsulation layer 3 can seal the carbon nanotube heating layer 1, preventing air, water and other substances from corroding and damaging the carbon nanotube heating layer 1.

[0022] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the supporting cladding may include: The upper foamed core layer 4 covers the surface of the upper encapsulation layer 2; The lower foam core layer 5 covers the surface of the lower encapsulation layer 3; the flame-retardant coating covers the surfaces of the upper foam core layer 4 and the lower foam core layer 5.

[0023] The upper foamed core layer 4 and the lower foamed core layer 5 can support the carbon nanotube heating layer 1, while also buffering the impact of external forces and protecting the carbon nanotube heating layer 1 from external damage. In addition, they also have a heat preservation function, which can prevent the heat generated by the carbon nanotube heating layer 1 from being lost too quickly.

[0024] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the flame-retardant cladding may include: The upper flame-retardant layer 6 covers the surface of the upper foamed core layer 4; The lower flame-retardant layer 7 covers the surface of the lower foamed core layer 5; the floor layer 8 is disposed on the surface of the lower flame-retardant layer 7.

[0025] The upper flame-retardant layer 6 and the lower flame-retardant layer 7 can play a role in flame retardancy and insulation, which can effectively ensure vehicle safety during the operation of the heated floor.

[0026] In this embodiment, the upper flame retardant layer 6, the upper foam core layer 4, the upper encapsulation layer 2, the carbon nanotube heating layer 1, the lower encapsulation layer 3, the lower foam core layer 5, the lower flame retardant layer 7, and the floor layer 8 are stacked in order from top to bottom, and adjacent layers are bonded together with high-temperature resistant adhesive.

[0027] Specifically, the floor may also include: A connecting component is used to electrically connect the carbon nanotube heating layer 1 to the power supply 12.

[0028] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, the connection component may include: Two copper foils 10 are used to connect multiple carbon nanotube films 9 in parallel; Two wires 11 are electrically connected at one end to two copper foils 10 respectively, and at the other end to the positive and negative terminals of the power supply 12 respectively, so as to form a closed circuit between multiple carbon nanotube films 9 and the power supply 12.

[0029] Specifically, the floor may also include: A control component, connected in series in a closed circuit, is used to connect or disconnect the closed circuit.

[0030] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, the control component may include: Power switch 13 is electrically connected to power supply 12 and is used to turn power supply 12 on or off.

[0031] In this embodiment, the power switch 13 can be manually controlled by the operator. When the power switch 13 is turned on, the power supply 12 is turned on, and the closed loop between the multiple carbon nanotube films 9 and the power supply 12 is connected. The power supply 12 supplies power to the multiple carbon nanotube films 9, which generate heat by converting electrical energy into heat energy and transfer the heat to the floor layer 8, thereby heating the floor layer 8. When the power switch 13 is turned off, the power supply 12 is turned off, the closed loop is broken, and the multiple carbon nanotube films 9 stop generating heat.

[0032] Furthermore, the control component may also include: Temperature control switch 14 is connected in series in the closed circuit and is used to turn the closed circuit on or off according to the temperature of the multiple carbon nanotube films 9.

[0033] In this embodiment, the temperature control switch 14 can control the temperature of multiple carbon nanotube films 9 within a range greater than or equal to 30°C and less than or equal to 60°C. Specifically, when the power switch 13 is on, the temperature control switch 14 draws current, the closed loop is formed, and the multiple carbon nanotube films 9 begin to heat up. When the temperature of the multiple carbon nanotube films 9 rises to 60°C, the temperature control switch 14 cuts off the current, the closed loop is broken, and the multiple carbon nanotube films 9 stop heating up. When the temperature of the multiple carbon nanotube films 9 drops to 30°C, the temperature control switch 14 draws current again, the closed loop is formed again, and the multiple carbon nanotube films 9 begin to heat up again; this cycle repeats continuously. This allows the temperature inside the vehicle to be maintained within a relatively stable range, thereby ensuring the safe operation of the vehicle.

[0034] The above description is merely a few embodiments of this application and is not intended to limit this application in any way. Although this application discloses preferred embodiments as described above, it is not intended to limit this application. Any changes or modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the technical solution of this application using the disclosed technical content are equivalent to equivalent implementation cases and fall within the scope of the technical solution.

Claims

1. A heated floor for rail vehicles, characterized in that, The floor includes: The carbon nanotube heating layer comprises multiple carbon nanotube films spaced apart, used to convert electrical energy into heat energy; An encapsulation layer is applied to the surface of the carbon nanotube heating layer. A support cladding layer covers the surface of the encapsulation cladding layer; A flame-retardant cladding layer is applied to the surface of the supporting cladding layer. A floor layer is disposed on the surface of the flame-retardant cladding; A power source, electrically connected to the carbon nanotube heating layer, is used to supply power to the carbon nanotube heating layer.

2. The floor panel of claim 1, wherein The floor also includes: A connection component for electrically connecting the carbon nanotube heating layer to the power source.

3. The floor panel of claim 2, wherein The connection component includes: Two copper foils are used to connect multiple carbon nanotube films in parallel; Two wires, one end of which is electrically connected to two copper foils respectively, and the other end of which is electrically connected to a power source, to form a closed circuit between multiple carbon nanotube films and the power source.

4. The floor panel of claim 3, wherein The floor also includes: A control component, connected in series in the closed circuit, is used to connect or disconnect the closed circuit.

5. The floor panel of claim 4, wherein The control component includes: A temperature control switch, connected in series in the closed circuit, is used to connect or disconnect the closed circuit according to the temperature of the multiple carbon nanotube films.

6. The floor of claim 1, wherein, The encapsulation layer includes: An upper encapsulation layer is applied to the upper surface of the carbon nanotube heating layer. The lower encapsulation layer covers the lower surface of the carbon nanotube heating layer; the support layer covers the surfaces of the upper encapsulation layer and the lower encapsulation layer.

7. The floor panel of claim 6, wherein The supporting cladding layer includes: An upper foamed core layer covers the surface of the upper encapsulation layer; The lower foam core layer covers the surface of the lower encapsulation layer; the flame-retardant coating covers the surfaces of the upper foam core layer and the lower foam core layer.

8. The floor panel of claim 7, wherein, The flame-retardant cladding includes: An upper flame-retardant layer is applied to the surface of the upper foamed core layer. A lower flame-retardant layer is wrapped around the surface of the lower foamed core layer; the floor layer is disposed on the surface of the lower flame-retardant layer.

9. The floor of claim 5, wherein, The control component also includes: A power switch, electrically connected to the power source, is used to turn the power source on or off.

Images