Heat exchange plate, heat exchange device, power module and vehicle

Abstract

This application discloses a heat exchange plate, a heat exchange device, a power module, and a vehicle. The heat exchange plate includes a heat exchange base plate and multiple pin fins. The pin fins are connected to the heat exchange base plate and protrude at least along a first direction. In a cross-section perpendicular to the first direction, the pin fins have a raindrop-shaped structure. The multiple pin fins are arranged in multiple rows, with each row including multiple pin fins. The multiple pin fins in each row are spaced apart along a second direction. The multiple rows are spaced apart along a third direction. The small end of the raindrop-shaped structure is bent relative to the large end along the third direction. The bending direction of the small end of the raindrop-shaped structure in at least one row is opposite to the bending direction of the small end of the raindrop-shaped structure in the adjacent row. According to the heat exchange plate of this application, by bending the small end relative to the large end along the third direction and providing a raindrop-shaped structure with the small end bending in the opposite direction, the medium can better form eddies, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency between the medium and the pin fins.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of vehicle technology, and more specifically, to a heat exchange plate, a heat exchange device, a power module, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, a heat exchange channel is provided on one side of the heat exchange plate, and needle fins are provided on the heat exchange plate inside the heat exchange channel. However, the needle fins have limited effect on improving the heat exchange effect between the heat exchange plate and the heat exchanged component, and the heat exchange efficiency between the heat exchange plate and the heat exchanged component is low. Utility Model Content

[0003] This application aims to at least partially address one of the aforementioned technical problems in the prior art. To this end, this application proposes a heat exchange plate that facilitates improved heat exchange efficiency between the heat exchange plate and the heat-exchanged component.

[0004] This application also proposes a heat exchange device having the above-mentioned heat exchange plate.

[0005] This application also proposes a power module having the above-mentioned heat exchange device.

[0006] This application also proposes a vehicle having the aforementioned heat exchange device or power module.

[0007] According to an embodiment of this application, a heat exchange plate includes a heat exchange substrate and needle fins. The needle fins are connected to the heat exchange substrate and protrude at least along a first direction. In a cross-section perpendicular to the first direction, the needle fins are raindrop-shaped structures. There are multiple needle fins, which are arranged in multiple rows. Each row includes multiple needle fins. The multiple needle fins in each row are spaced apart along a second direction. The multiple rows are spaced apart along a third direction. The raindrop-shaped structure has a large end and a small end. The small end is bent relative to the large end along the third direction. The bending direction of the small end of at least one raindrop-shaped structure in at least one row is opposite to the bending direction of the small end of at least one raindrop-shaped structure in an adjacent row. The first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0008] According to the heat exchange plate of this application embodiment, by designing the cross-section of the needle fins as a raindrop-shaped structure and bending the small end relative to the large end in a third direction, and setting raindrop-shaped structures with opposite bending directions of the small end in adjacent rows of structures, the medium can better form eddies, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency between the medium and the needle fins.

[0009] According to some embodiments of this application, the maximum length of the raindrop-shaped structure in the second direction is a, and the maximum width of the raindrop-shaped structure in the third direction is b, wherein the large end and the small end of the raindrop-shaped structure are spaced apart in the second direction, and a and b satisfy: b < a.

[0010] According to some embodiments of this application, a satisfies: 3.5mm≤a≤4.5mm.

[0011] According to some embodiments of this application, a and b also satisfy: 0.4a≤b≤0.6a.

[0012] According to some embodiments of this application, the raindrop-shaped structure includes a first contour segment, a second contour segment, and a third contour segment, the first contour segment, the second contour segment, and the third contour segment being connected end to end, the larger end of the raindrop-shaped structure being formed on the first contour segment, and the smaller end of the raindrop-shaped structure being formed at the connection between the second contour segment and the third contour segment.

[0013] According to some embodiments of this application, the first contour segment is an arc segment, at least one point on the first contour segment is at a distance R from the center of the raindrop-shaped structure, the first contour segment does not exceed the range with the center of the raindrop-shaped structure as the center and R as the radius, wherein the center of the raindrop-shaped structure is located on the third direction above the connection point of the first contour segment and the third contour segment, and the distance from the center of the raindrop-shaped structure to the connection point of the first contour segment and the third contour segment is 0.5b.

[0014] According to some embodiments of this application, R satisfies: 0.7mm≤R≤1.5mm.

[0015] According to some embodiments of this application, the second contour segment has a first endpoint connected to the first contour segment, the second contour segment has a second endpoint connected to the third contour segment, and the angle between the line connecting the first endpoint and the second endpoint and the second direction is α, where α satisfies: 5°≤α≤35°.

[0016] According to some embodiments of this application, in the second direction, the length of the first contour segment is a1, where a1 satisfies: 0.7mm≤a1≤1.5mm.

[0017] According to some embodiments of this application, in the third direction, the width of the first contour segment is b, and the sum of the widths of the second contour segment and the third contour segment is b.

[0018] According to some embodiments of this application, in the direction along the second direction from near the first contour segment to away from the first contour segment, the sum of the widths of the second contour segment and the third contour segment in the third direction gradually decreases.

[0019] According to some embodiments of this application, the third contour segment is an arc segment, and the third contour segment is recessed toward the side closer to the second contour segment, so that the small end bends relative to the large end along the third direction.

[0020] According to some embodiments of this application, a plurality of needle wings are spaced apart, and the minimum distance between two adjacent needle wings is S, where S satisfies: 0.7mm≤S≤1.2mm.

[0021] According to some embodiments of this application, the plurality of needle wings are arranged in a multi-row structure, the multi-row structure is spaced apart in the second direction, each row structure includes a plurality of needle wings, and the plurality of needle wings in each row structure are spaced apart along the third direction.

[0022] According to some embodiments of this application, multiple needle wings of two adjacent columns are staggered in the third direction.

[0023] According to some embodiments of this application, the needle wings of two adjacent columns are symmetrical about the second direction.

[0024] According to some embodiments of this application, the large ends of any two adjacent needle wings in each column structure are oriented in the same direction.

[0025] According to some embodiments of this application, the large ends of at least two of the needle wings in each column structure are oriented in opposite directions.

[0026] According to some embodiments of this application, the large ends of any two adjacent needle wings in each column structure are oriented in opposite directions.

[0027] According to some embodiments of this application, the surface of the heat exchange substrate facing away from the needle fins is the heat exchange surface.

[0028] According to some embodiments of this application, the heat exchange substrate is provided with a first heat exchange area and a second heat exchange area. There are multiple first heat exchange areas, and two adjacent first heat exchange areas are separated by the second heat exchange area. The needle fin is disposed within the first heat exchange area.

[0029] The heat exchange device according to the second aspect of this application includes the heat exchange plate described above.

[0030] According to the heat exchange device of this application embodiment, by designing the cross-section of the needle fins as a raindrop-shaped structure and bending the small end relative to the large end in a third direction, and setting raindrop-shaped structures with opposite bending directions of the small end in two adjacent rows of structures, the medium can better form vortices, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency between the medium and the needle fins.

[0031] According to some embodiments of this application, the heat exchange device further includes a housing, the heat exchange substrate and the housing together enclose a heat exchange channel suitable for the flow of heat exchange medium, the housing is provided with a medium inlet and a medium outlet, at least a portion of the raindrop-shaped structure of the needle fins has the large end facing the medium inlet and the small end facing the medium outlet.

[0032] According to some embodiments of this application, the medium inlet and the medium outlet are spaced apart in a second direction.

[0033] A power module according to a third aspect of this application includes a power element and the heat exchange device described above, wherein the power element is disposed on the heat exchange substrate.

[0034] According to the power module of the present application embodiment, the heat exchange device described above can effectively cope with the large amount of heat generated by high-power power components and ensure the temperature stability of the power module when operating under high load.

[0035] According to some embodiments of this application, the heat exchange substrate has a heat exchange surface, and the power module further includes a thermally conductive layer. The thermally conductive layer is located between the power element and the heat exchange surface, and one side of the thermally conductive layer is attached to the power element, and the other side of the thermally conductive layer is attached to the heat exchange surface.

[0036] According to some embodiments of this application, the power element is a plurality of elements.

[0037] According to some embodiments of this application, the power element is a chip.

[0038] The vehicle according to the fourth aspect of this application includes the heat exchange plate described above.

[0039] The vehicle according to the fifth aspect of this application includes the heat exchange device described above.

[0040] The vehicle according to the sixth aspect of this application includes the power module described above.

[0041] According to the embodiments of this application, the vehicle using the above-described heat exchange device can effectively cope with the large amount of heat generated by high-power power components, ensure the temperature stability of the power module during high-load operation, and thus improve the vehicle's safety performance.

[0042] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the heat exchange substrate and the pin fins; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of point Q; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a raindrop-shaped structure; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of multiple needle wings; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of yet another embodiment of the heat exchange substrate and the pin fins; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the heat exchange substrate and the pin fins; Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A magnified view of a portion of point S in the middle; Figure 8 yes Figure 6 A magnified view of a portion of the T-section; Figure 9 This is a perspective view of a power module according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 10 This is a perspective view of a power module according to yet another embodiment of this application; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of a vehicle according to one embodiment of this application; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of a vehicle according to another embodiment of this application; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of a vehicle according to yet another embodiment of this application.

[0044] Figure label: Vehicle 1000, power module 100, heat exchange device 10, heat exchange plate 12, heat exchange base plate 1, heat exchange surface 11, needle fin 2, first contour segment 21, second contour segment 22, first end point P4, second end point P2, third contour segment 23, shell 3, medium inlet 4, power element 20, heat-conducting layer 30. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0046] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0047] The following is combined Figures 1-13 The present application describes in detail the heat exchange plate 12, heat exchange device 10, power module 100, and vehicle 1000 according to embodiments thereof.

[0048] Reference Figures 1-3 As shown, the heat exchange plate 12 according to an embodiment of this application may include a heat exchange substrate 1 and needle fins 2. The needle fins 2 are connected to the heat exchange substrate 1. The needle fins 2 protrude at least along a first direction. In a cross section perpendicular to the first direction, the needle fins 2 have a raindrop-shaped structure. There are multiple needle fins 2, and the multiple needle fins 2 are arranged in a multi-row structure. Each row structure includes multiple needle fins 2. The multiple needle fins 2 in each row structure are spaced apart along a second direction. The multi-row structure is spaced apart in a third direction. The raindrop-shaped structure has a large end and a small end. The small end is bent relative to the large end along a third direction. The bending direction of the small end of at least one raindrop-shaped structure in at least one row structure is opposite to the bending direction of the small end of at least one raindrop-shaped structure in an adjacent row structure. The first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0049] One side of the heat exchange substrate 1 is a heat exchange channel suitable for the flow of heat exchange medium. The heat exchange substrate 1 can contact the medium in the heat exchange channel so that the heat exchange substrate 1 and the medium in the heat exchange channel can exchange heat. The heat exchange channel has a medium inlet 4 and a medium outlet (not shown in the figure). Both the medium inlet 4 and the medium outlet are connected to the heat exchange channel. The needle fin 2 protrudes into the heat exchange channel at least along the first direction.

[0050] The heat exchange plate 12 is typically in direct contact with the heat-exchange component or indirect contact through a heat-conducting structure. When a temperature difference exists between the heat exchange plate 12 and the heat-exchange component, the heat exchange plate 12 can exchange heat with the heat-exchange component. For example, when the temperature of the heat exchange plate 12 is higher than the temperature of the heat-exchange component, the heat exchange plate 12 can transfer heat to the heat-exchange component, thereby raising the temperature of the heat-exchange component. In this case, the heat exchange plate 12 is used as a heating device. When the temperature of the heat exchange plate 12 is lower than the temperature of the heat-exchange component, the heat exchange plate 12 can absorb heat from the heat-exchange component, thereby lowering the temperature of the heat-exchange component. In this case, the heat exchange plate 12 is used as a heat dissipation device to dissipate heat from the heat-exchange component.

[0051] The arrangement of the needle fins 2 enhances the heat exchange effect between the heat exchange plate 12 and the medium in the heat exchange channel, and can maximize the heat exchange surface area of ​​the heat exchange plate 12 and improve the heat exchange efficiency.

[0052] In specific embodiments, the medium can be a liquid, such as water or oil, or a gas, such as helium or nitrogen, or a gas-liquid mixture.

[0053] For ease of description, the following will use the coolant as the medium and the heat exchange plate 12 as the heat dissipation plate to heat the heat exchanged component as an example to illustrate the structure and effect of the heat exchange plate 12.

[0054] The first direction is Figure 9 , Figure 10 The F1-F2 direction shown is the second direction. Figure 3 The F3-F4 directions shown are the third direction. Figure 3 The F5-F6 directions are shown in the diagram.

[0055] For example Figures 1-2 As shown, the multi-row structure includes a first row structure p1, a second row structure p2, a third row structure p3, a fourth row structure p4, etc., and each row structure includes multiple needle wings 2. The first row structure p1, the second row structure p2, the third row structure p3, the fourth row structure p4, etc. are distributed at intervals in a third direction. The multiple needle wings 2 in each row structure are arranged at intervals along a second direction. The small end of the raindrop-shaped structure in the first row structure p1 and the third row structure p3 bends downward, while the small end of the raindrop-shaped structure in the second row structure p2 and the fourth row structure p4 bends upward. The small end of the raindrop-shaped structure in adjacent rows of the first row structure p1, the second row structure p2, the third row structure p3, and the fourth row structure p4 bends in opposite directions.

[0056] By setting the small end to bend in a third direction relative to the large end, when the medium flows through the needle fin 2, it is beneficial to form a vortex behind the needle fin 2. This needle fin 2 has a significant effect on improving the heat exchange effect and can significantly improve the heat exchange efficiency between the heat exchange plate 12 and the heat exchanged component.

[0057] When the medium flows through two adjacent rows of structures with opposite bending directions at the small end, it can better form vortices between the two adjacent rows of structures, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency between the medium and the needle fins 2.

[0058] In some embodiments, taking two adjacent rows of structures as an example, the first row includes m needle-wings 2, and the second row includes n needle-wings 2. The bending direction of the small end of at least one raindrop-shaped structure in the first row is opposite to the bending direction of the small end of at least one raindrop-shaped structure in the adjacent second row. Specifically, the bending direction of the small end of m1 raindrop-shaped structures in the first row is opposite to the bending direction of the small end of n1 raindrop-shaped structures in the adjacent second row. Wherein, 1≤m1≤m, 1≤n1≤n, and m, n, m1, and n1 are all positive integers.

[0059] In some embodiments not shown in the figures, the number of needle fins 2 in each row of structures may be one. Alternatively, there may be at least one row of structures with a number of needle fins 2 of one.

[0060] The number of needles 2 in each row of the structure can be equal or unequal.

[0061] In some embodiments, the multiple needle fins 2 included in each row of structures can be uniformly distributed perpendicular to the medium flow direction.

[0062] According to the embodiment of this application, the heat exchange plate 12, by designing the cross-section of the needle fin 2 as a raindrop-shaped structure and bending the small end relative to the large end in a third direction, and setting raindrop-shaped structures with opposite bending directions of the small end in adjacent rows of structures, can enable the medium to form vortices better, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency between the medium and the needle fin 2.

[0063] In some embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figure 3 As shown, the maximum length of the raindrop-shaped structure in the second direction is *a*, and the maximum width of the raindrop-shaped structure in the third direction is *b*. The large and small ends of the raindrop-shaped structure are spaced apart in the second direction, and *a* and *b* satisfy the condition: *b* < *a*. The maximum dimension *a* of the raindrop-shaped structure in the second direction is greater than the maximum dimension *b* of the raindrop-shaped structure in the third direction, allowing the needle fins 2 to better guide the medium flow along the second direction, enabling the medium to flow out from the medium outlet.

[0064] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a raindrop-shaped structure. The cross-section of the needle wing 2 is a biomimetic raindrop-shaped structure. Specifically, for the raindrop-shaped structure of a single needle wing 2, the leftmost point is P1(x1,y1), the rightmost point is P2(x2,y2), the top point is P3(x3,y3), and the bottom point is P4(x4,y4). Its maximum length is a, where a = x2 - x1, and its maximum width is b, where b = y3 - y4.

[0065] In some embodiments of this application, 'a' satisfies: 3.5mm ≤ a ≤ 4.5mm. For example, 'a' can be 3.5mm, 3.8mm, 4mm, 4.3mm, 4.5mm, etc., or other values ​​between 3.5mm and 4.5mm, which will not be listed here. If 'a' is too large, the resistance of the needle fins 2 to the medium will increase, resulting in poor medium flow. If 'a' is too small, the surface area of ​​the needle fins 2 is small, resulting in poor heat exchange effect. By setting 3.5mm ≤ a ≤ 4.5mm, a better heat exchange effect can be achieved without significantly increasing the medium resistance.

[0066] In some embodiments of this application, a and b also satisfy the condition: 0.4a ≤ b ≤ 0.6a. For example, b can be 0.4a, 0.45a, 0.5a, 0.55a, 0.6a, etc., or other values ​​between 0.4a and 0.6a, which will not be listed here. When b is too large, the resistance of the needle fin 2 to the medium will increase, resulting in poor medium flow. When b is too small, the surface area of ​​the needle fin 2 is small, and the heat exchange effect is poor. By setting 0.4a ≤ b ≤ 0.6a, a better heat exchange effect can be achieved without significantly increasing the medium resistance.

[0067] In some embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figure 3 As shown, the raindrop-shaped structure includes a first contour segment 21, a second contour segment 22, and a third contour segment 23, which are connected end-to-end. The larger end of the raindrop-shaped structure is formed on the first contour segment 21, and the smaller end is formed at the junction of the second contour segment 22 and the third contour segment 23. Specifically, in the direction from the medium inlet 4 to the medium outlet, the smaller end of the raindrop-shaped structure is located at the tail of the raindrop-shaped structure, and the tail gradually tapers, which is beneficial for accurately controlling the flow field separation point.

[0068] In some embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figure 3 As shown, the first contour segment 21 is an arc segment. At least one point on the first contour segment 21 is at a distance of R from the center (point O) of the raindrop-shaped structure. The first contour segment 21 does not exceed the range with the center of the raindrop-shaped structure as the center and R as the radius. The center (point O) of the raindrop-shaped structure is located on the third direction above the connection point (point P3) between the first contour segment 21 and the third contour segment 23. The distance between the center of the raindrop-shaped structure and the connection point between the first contour segment 21 and the third contour segment 23 is 0.5b, that is, the distance between point O and point P3 is equal to 0.5b.

[0069] By designing the first profile segment 21 as an arc segment, the impact loss when the medium entering from the medium inlet 4 impacts the needle fin 2 can be significantly reduced, and the laminar flow can be guided to transition smoothly to turbulent flow. The first profile segment 21 is formed as a continuous gradient curve, so that the needle fin 2 has a continuous gradient surface. The continuous gradient surface helps to eliminate flow dead zones and reduce the risk of particulate matter deposition.

[0070] exist Figure 3 In the example, only point P1 is at a distance R from the center (point O) of the raindrop structure. In some embodiments not shown in the figure, there are other points on the first profile segment 21 at a distance R from the center (point O) of the raindrop structure. By setting the first profile segment 21 to not exceed the range with the center of the raindrop structure as the center and R as the radius, the impact loss when the medium impacts the first profile segment 21 can be further reduced.

[0071] In some embodiments of this application, R satisfies: 0.7mm ≤ R ≤ 1.5mm. For example, R can be 0.7mm, 0.9mm, 1mm, 1.3mm, 1.5mm, etc., or other values ​​between 0.7mm and 1.5mm, which will not be listed here. When R is too large, the first profile segment 21 will increase the resistance to the medium, resulting in poor medium flow. When R is too small, the first profile segment 21 is less effective in reducing medium impact loss. By setting 0.7mm ≤ R ≤ 1.5mm, the medium impact loss can be reduced better without significantly increasing the medium resistance.

[0072] In some embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figure 3 As shown, the second contour segment 22 has a first endpoint P4 and a second endpoint P2. The first endpoint P4 is used to connect with the first contour segment 21, and the second endpoint P2 is used to connect with the third contour segment 23. The angle between the line connecting the first endpoint P4 and the second endpoint P2 and the second direction is α, where α satisfies: 5°≤α≤35°. For example, α can be 5°, 10°, 15°, 20°, 25°, 30°, 35°, etc., or other values ​​between 5° and 35°, which will not be listed here.

[0073] When α is too large, the tail strength of needle wing 2 is relatively small, making it easy to be damaged; when α is too small, it is difficult to form a vortex behind needle wing 2. By setting 5°≤α≤35°, a wake region with directional vortex evolution characteristics can be formed behind needle wing 2, that is, a vortex can be formed behind needle wing 2. At the same time, the tail strength of needle wing 2 is high, and needle wing 2 is not easily damaged.

[0074] The connection between the second contour segment 22 and the third contour segment 23 forms a sharp angle structure, making it easier for the vortex behind the needle wing 2 to separate from the needle wing 2, that is, the vortex behind the needle wing 2 is easy to detach from the needle wing 2.

[0075] The needle fin 2 of this application achieves dual optimization at the fluid dynamics level through its raindrop-shaped structure: the curved surface at the front end reduces flow resistance and improves the uniformity of the velocity field distribution, while the sharp-cornered structure at the rear enhances the turbulent mixing effect through a periodic vortex shedding mechanism. Compared to elliptical needle fins in related technologies, the needle fin 2 of this application not only eliminates the risk of flow dead zones and particulate matter deposition through continuously gradually changing curved surfaces, but also achieves a balanced optimization of flow resistance suppression and heat transfer efficiency improvement through the synergistic effect of flow field separation and vortex shedding mechanism.

[0076] In some embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figure 3 As shown, in the second direction, the length of the first profile segment 21 is a1, where a1 satisfies: 0.7mm ≤ a1 ≤ 1.5mm. For example, a1 can be 0.7mm, 0.9mm, 1mm, 1.3mm, 1.5mm, etc., or other values ​​between 0.7mm and 1.5mm, which will not be listed here. When a1 is too small, the first profile segment 21 is less effective at reducing media impact loss; when a1 is too large, the first profile segment 21 increases the media flow resistance. By setting it to 0.7mm ≤ a1 ≤ 1.5mm, the media impact loss can be reduced effectively without significantly increasing the media resistance.

[0077] In some embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figure 3 As shown, the maximum length a consists of the length a1 of the streamlined arc-shaped region at the front end and the length a2 of the tapered acute-angle region at the rear end, i.e., a = a1 + a2.

[0078] In some embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figure 3 As shown, a1 < a2, which allows the second profile segment 22 and the third profile segment 23 to better guide the medium to flow to the medium outlet.

[0079] In some embodiments of this application, a1 < R, so that the first contour segment 21 is eccentrically protruding, that is, the line connecting point P1 and point O has an angle with the second direction, which is neither 0° nor 180°, and the angle can be an acute angle.

[0080] In some embodiments not shown in the figure, a1=R, and the line connecting point P1 and point O is parallel to the second direction.

[0081] In some embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figure 3As shown, in the third direction, the width of the first profile segment 21 is equal to the sum of the widths of the second profile segment 22 and the third profile segment 23. Specifically, in the third direction, the width of the first profile segment 21 is b, and the sum of the widths of the second profile segment 22 and the third profile segment 23 is b. In other words, within the reference plane composed of F1-F2-F5-F6, the projections of the second profile segment 22 and the third profile segment 23 onto this reference plane do not exceed the projection of the first profile segment 21 onto this reference plane. Therefore, the medium entering from the medium inlet 4 directly impacts the first profile segment 21, rather than directly impacting the second profile segment 22 and the third profile segment 23. This reference plane is perpendicular to the second direction.

[0082] In some embodiments of this application, the sum of the widths of the second contour segment 22 and the third contour segment 23 gradually decreases in the second direction from near the first contour segment 21 to away from the first contour segment 21. This results in the connection end of the second contour segment 22 and the third contour segment 23 being constructed as a sharp-angled structure at P2.

[0083] In some embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 As shown, in the direction from the medium inlet 4 to the medium outlet, the sum of the widths of the second profile segment 22 and the third profile segment 23 in the third direction of all the needle fins 2 gradually decreases. Figure 3 As shown, the F3 end of the second contour segment 22 and the F3 end of the third contour segment 23 are close to the first contour segment 21, while the F4 end of the second contour segment 22 and the F4 end of the third contour segment 23 are far from the first contour segment 21. In the direction from F3 to F4, the sum of the widths of the second contour segment 22 and the third contour segment 23 in the third direction gradually decreases, so that the connection end of the second contour segment 22 and the third contour segment 23 is constructed as a sharp corner structure at P2. This sharp corner structure is conducive to the separation of the medium vortex from the needle fin 2.

[0084] In other embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figures 6-8As shown, in the direction from the medium inlet 4 to the medium outlet, the sum of the widths of the second profile segment 22 and the third profile segment 23 in the third direction gradually decreases. The F3 end of the second profile segment 22 and the F3 end of the third profile segment 23 of this part of the needle fin 2 are close to the first profile segment 21, while the F4 end of the second profile segment 22 and the F4 end of the third profile segment 23 are far away from the first profile segment 21. In the direction from F3 to F4, the sum of the widths of the second profile segment 22 and the third profile segment 23 in the third direction gradually decreases. In another part of the needle fins 2 (e.g., the first needle fin 2u, the second needle fin 2v, the fifth needle fin 2y, and the sixth needle fin 2z), the sum of the widths of the second profile segment 22 and the third profile segment 23 in the third direction gradually decreases in the direction from the medium outlet to the medium inlet 4. The F4 end of the second profile segment 22 and the F4 end of the third profile segment 23 of this part of the needle fins 2 are close to the first profile segment 21, while the F3 end of the second profile segment 22 and the F3 end of the third profile segment 23 are far away from the first profile segment 21. In the direction from F4 to F3, the sum of the widths of the second profile segment 22 and the third profile segment 23 in the third direction gradually decreases.

[0085] In some embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figure 3 As shown, the third contour segment 23 is an arc segment, and the third contour segment 23 is concave towards the side closer to the second contour segment 22, so that the small end bends relative to the large end in a third direction.

[0086] In some embodiments of this application, multiple needle fins 2 in adjacent rows are staggered in the second direction. This helps to enhance the intensity of turbulence disturbance around the needle fins 2 and improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat exchange plate 12. Taking the first needle fin 2u, the second needle fin 2v, the third needle fin 2w, the fourth needle fin 2x, the fifth needle fin 2y, and the sixth needle fin 2z as examples, these six needle fins are located in different rows. The first needle fin 2u and the second needle fin 2v are staggered in the second direction, the second needle fin 2v and the third needle fin 2w are staggered in the second direction, the third needle fin 2w and the fourth needle fin 2x are staggered in the second direction, the fourth needle fin 2x and the fifth needle fin 2y are staggered in the second direction, and the fifth needle fin 2y and the sixth needle fin 2z are staggered in the second direction.

[0087] In some embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figures 1-2 As shown, there are multiple needle fins 2, which are arranged at intervals. The gaps between adjacent needle fins 2 allow the medium to flow through, enabling the medium to contact the needle fins 2 for heat exchange. By setting multiple needle fins 2, the heat dissipation effect can be enhanced, thereby maximizing the heat dissipation surface area of ​​the heat exchange plate 12 and improving heat dissipation efficiency.

[0088] In some embodiments of this application, a plurality of needle wings 2 are arranged in a multi-column structure, the multi-column structure is spaced apart in a second direction, each column structure includes a plurality of needle wings 2, and the plurality of needle wings 2 in each column structure are spaced apart along a third direction. Figure 1 The diagram shows the distribution of the pin fins 2 on the heat exchange substrate 1, with the medium flowing from the medium inlet 4 (located in...). Figure 1 (on the left) to the medium outlet (located in) Figure 1 The medium flows to the right side, and the needle fins 2 are distributed at intervals along the flow direction of the medium, forming several rows. Each row of needle fins 2 is evenly distributed perpendicular to the flow direction of the medium, forming several rows, which makes the heat exchange channel regular and thus optimizes the flow path of the medium.

[0089] For example Figures 1-4 As shown, the multi-column structure includes a first column structure 2c, a second column structure 2d, a third column structure 2e, a fourth column structure 2f, a fifth column structure 2g, and a sixth column structure 2h, etc., and each column structure includes multiple needle fins 2. The first column structure 2c, the second column structure 2d, the third column structure 2e, the fourth column structure 2f, the fifth column structure 2g, and the sixth column structure 2h are distributed at intervals along the flow direction of the medium, and the multiple needle fins 2 included in each column structure are uniformly distributed perpendicular to the flow direction of the medium.

[0090] In some embodiments of this application, multiple needle fins 2 in two adjacent columns are staggered in the third direction. This helps to enhance the intensity of turbulence disturbance of the medium around the needle fins 2 and improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat exchange plate 12.

[0091] In such Figure 2 In the example shown, multiple fins 2 of the first column structure 2c and multiple fins 2 of the second column structure 2d are staggered in the third direction. When the medium passes between two fins 2 of the first column structure 2c, it can impact one of the fins 2 of the second column structure 2d. The sharp corners of the tails of the fins 2 of the adjacent columns interact, forming local vortices, which can enhance fluid disturbance and increase the local heat transfer coefficient. These local vortices interact with each other, further optimizing the flow field and improving heat dissipation efficiency. In other words, the staggered arrangement of multiple fins 2 of the adjacent columns in the third direction can significantly enhance the intensity of turbulent disturbance around the fins 2, increase the Reynolds number (Re) of the medium flow, and thus reduce the thickness of the medium boundary layer on the surface of the fins 2. In this way, the convective heat transfer coefficient between the medium and the surface of the fins 2 is enhanced, thereby significantly improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat exchange plate 12.

[0092] In such Figure 6In the example shown, in two adjacent columns, the multiple pin fins 2 of the front column and the multiple pin fins 2 of the rear column are staggered in the third direction. When the medium passes between two pin fins 2 of the front column, it can impact one of the pin fins 2 of the rear column, which helps to enhance the turbulence disturbance intensity of the medium around the pin fin 2 and improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat exchange plate 12.

[0093] In some embodiments of this application, the needle fins 2 of adjacent rows are symmetrical about the second direction. This is beneficial for enhancing the intensity of turbulent disturbance of the medium around the needle fins 2 and improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat exchange plate 12.

[0094] In such Figure 2 In the example shown, the multiple fins 2 of the second column structure 2d can be considered as multiple fins 2 of the first column structure 2c flipped about the second direction, only located in different columns. This arrangement can significantly enhance the intensity of turbulent disturbance around the fins 2, increase the Reynolds number (Re) of the medium flow, and thus reduce the thickness of the medium boundary layer on the surface of the fins 2. In this way, the convective heat transfer coefficient between the medium and the surface of the fins 2 is enhanced, thereby significantly improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat exchange plate 12.

[0095] In such Figure 6 In the example shown, in two adjacent columns, the multiple pin fins 2 of the latter column can be considered as being obtained by flipping the multiple pin fins 2 of the former column about the second direction, only in different columns. This arrangement structure is beneficial for enhancing the intensity of turbulent disturbance of the medium around the pin fins 2, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat exchange plate 12.

[0096] In some embodiments not shown in the figures, the number of needle fins 2 in each column of the structure may also be one. Alternatively, there may be at least one column of the structure with a number of needle fins 2 of one.

[0097] The number of needles 2 in each column structure can be equal or unequal.

[0098] In related technologies, the arrangement of needle fins in local areas is relatively simple, usually using a parallel arrangement, resulting in relatively stable fluid flow between the needle fins and a lack of sufficient disturbance. The needle fins 2 in this application are arranged in a staggered and / or symmetrical manner, which can effectively break the laminar boundary layer between the needle fins 2, making the fluid flow between the needle fins 2 more complex and complete. This causes local vortices to form between adjacent needle fins 2, enhancing fluid disturbance and thus significantly improving the local heat transfer coefficient.

[0099] In some embodiments not shown in the figure, the multiple pin fins 2 of adjacent columns can also be arranged in parallel in the third direction instead of being staggered. This only weakens the disturbance effect on the medium, but still helps with heat dissipation.

[0100] In some embodiments not shown in the figure, the needle fins 2 of adjacent columns can also be the same structure, instead of being arranged symmetrically. This only weakens the disturbance effect on the medium, but still helps with heat dissipation.

[0101] In some embodiments of this application, the minimum distance between two adjacent needle fins 2 is S, where S satisfies: 0.7mm ≤ S ≤ 1.2mm. (Refer to...) Figure 4 As shown, there can be multiple needle wings 2 around a needle wing 2, and the minimum distance between two adjacent needle wings 2 is S.

[0102] For example, S can be 0.7mm, 0.9mm, 1mm, 1.2mm, etc., or other values ​​between 0.7mm and 1.2mm, which will not be listed here. The distance between the middle needle fin 2 and the surrounding needle fins 2 can be equal or unequal, but the distance is within the range of 0.7mm to 1.2mm.

[0103] The spacing S between the heat exchange plates 12 (0.7mm ≤ S ≤ 1.2mm) is crucial for their performance. On one hand, it ensures optimal forced convection heat transfer performance; on the other hand, it controls the flow resistance loss. When the channel size between two adjacent rows (or columns) of pins 2 is too small, the cross-sectional area of ​​the medium becomes too small, resulting in excessively high flow velocity. In this case, the flow resistance loss of the medium within the heat exchange channel increases significantly, thereby reducing the overall heat transfer efficiency of the cooling system containing the heat exchange plate 12. Conversely, when the channel size between two adjacent rows of pins 2 is too large, the cross-sectional area of ​​the medium becomes too large, resulting in excessively low flow velocity. This leads to a significant reduction in heat transfer efficiency between the medium and the surface of the pins 2, thus affecting the heat dissipation performance of the heat exchange plate 12. Therefore, by precisely controlling the spacing S between the pins 2, the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat exchange plate 12 can be optimized while ensuring controllable flow resistance loss, thereby achieving efficient operation of the cooling system.

[0104] According to the embodiments of this application, the heat exchange plate 12 has interconnected multi-region flow in its overall structure. The fluid medium is guided by the needle fins 2 at the front end, forming local vortices between adjacent needle fins 2, and finally forming a directional vortex evolution wake region at the rear end, achieving a balanced optimization of flow resistance suppression and heat transfer efficiency improvement. Based on the above, the heat transfer effect of the raindrop-shaped needle fins 2 of this application is significantly better than that of the elliptical heat dissipation needle fins in related technologies. In addition, the raindrop-shaped needle fin structure of this application is adapted to the molding process, taking into account both breakthroughs in heat dissipation performance and feasibility of large-scale production, and can provide an innovative technical path for the thermal management of the vehicle power module 100.

[0105] In some embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figures 1-5As shown, the large ends of any two adjacent needle fins 2 in each column structure are oriented in the same direction and both face the medium inlet 4. Therefore, when the medium enters the heat exchange channel from the medium inlet 4, the medium first impacts the large ends of the needle fins 2, which helps to reduce the impact loss when the medium impacts the needle fins 2 at the medium inlet 4, allowing the medium to retain enough momentum to continue flowing towards the medium outlet. The large ends of the raindrop-shaped structure can also guide the fluid to transition smoothly from laminar flow to turbulent flow.

[0106] In some embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figures 6-8 As shown, at least two pin fins 2 in each column have their large ends facing opposite directions. In other words, some pin fins 2 have their large ends facing the medium inlet 4, while others have their small ends facing the medium inlet 4. This allows the orientation of the pin fins 2 to be randomized, eliminating the need for all pin fins 2 to have their large ends facing the medium inlet 4. Consequently, when assembling the heat exchanger 10, the relative positions of the pin fins 2 and the medium inlet 4 do not need to be unique. For example, the pin fins 2 can be on a first component (e.g., the heat exchange substrate 1 mentioned below), and the medium inlet 4 can be on a second component (e.g., the housing 3 mentioned below). The relative positions of the first and second components do not need to be unique. Reversing the first component in the second direction will not excessively affect the heat dissipation effect of the pin fins 2, thus reducing the assembly difficulty of the first and second components and saving assembly time.

[0107] In some embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figures 6-8 As shown, the large ends of any two adjacent needle wings 2 in each column structure face opposite directions. This regular arrangement of the needle wings 2 facilitates production and processing. It also helps reduce the assembly difficulty between the first and second parts, saving assembly time.

[0108] In some embodiments not shown in the figure, the arrangement of at least two needle wings 2 with opposite orientations at the large ends in each column structure is not limited to... Figure 6 The method shown can also be other, for example, the needles 2 in each column can be divided into multiple groups, the large ends of the needles 2 in each group can face the same direction, the large ends of the needles 2 in any two adjacent groups can face opposite directions, and the number of needles 2 in each group can be one or more. These will not be listed one by one here.

[0109] In some embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figure 9 , Figure 10 As shown, the outer surface of the heat exchange substrate 1 has a heat exchange surface 11, with a first direction perpendicular to the heat exchange surface 11. The pin fins 2 are disposed on the side of the heat exchange substrate 1 facing away from the heat exchange surface 11. In other words, the surface of the heat exchange substrate 1 facing away from the pin fins 2 is the heat exchange surface 11. For example, the heat exchange surface 11 is planar. When one of the surfaces of the heat-exchange component is planar, the heat exchange surface 11 can contact the planar surface of the heat-exchange component, thereby increasing the contact area between the heat exchange surface 11 and the heat-exchange component and improving the heat dissipation effect.

[0110] In some embodiments of this application, the heat exchange substrate 1 is provided with a first heat exchange region and a second heat exchange region. There are multiple first heat exchange regions, and adjacent first heat exchange regions are separated by a second heat exchange region. Needle fins 2 are disposed within the first heat exchange regions, while the second heat exchange regions do not have needle fins 2. Specifically, Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing the distribution of the needle fins 2 on another heat exchange substrate 1 is presented.

[0111] exist Figure 5 In the example, the first region M and the second region N on the heat exchange substrate 1 are both second heat exchange regions. There are three first heat exchange regions. The first heat exchange region and the second heat exchange region are separated by the first region M, and the first second heat exchange region and the third heat exchange region are separated by the second region N. The first region M and the second region N may not have needle fins 2.

[0112] This layout offers significant advantages: firstly, by reducing the area where the pin fins 2 are located, the processing difficulty and manufacturing cost of the heat exchange substrate 1 can be effectively reduced, improving production efficiency; secondly, the simplified structural design helps reduce the overall weight of the heat exchange substrate 1, while also reducing the potential leakage risk caused by the complex structure, enhancing the reliability and stability of the system. Furthermore, the second heat exchange area without the pin fins 2 (e.g., the first area M and the second area N) can be used for the installation of other functional components or to optimize the flow channel design of the heat exchange substrate 1, further improving the overall performance of the cooling system.

[0113] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 As shown, the heat exchange device 10 according to the second aspect embodiment of this application includes the heat exchange plate 12 described above.

[0114] According to the embodiment of the present application, the heat exchange device 10, by designing the cross-section of the needle fin 2 as a raindrop-shaped structure and bending the small end relative to the large end in a third direction, and setting raindrop-shaped structures with opposite bending directions of the small end in adjacent rows of structures, can enable the medium to form vortices better, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency between the medium and the needle fin 2.

[0115] In some embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figure 1 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 As shown, the heat exchange device 10 also includes a shell 3. The heat exchange substrate 1 and the shell 3 together form a heat exchange channel suitable for the flow of heat exchange medium. The shell 3 is provided with a medium inlet 4 and a medium outlet. At least a portion of the raindrop-shaped structure of the needle fins 2 has the large end facing the medium inlet 4 and the small end facing the medium outlet.

[0116] At least a portion of the raindrop-shaped structure of the needle fins 2 has its large end facing the medium inlet 4. In this way, when the medium enters the heat exchange channel from the medium inlet 4, the medium first impacts the large end of this portion of the needle fins 2, which helps to reduce the impact loss when the medium impacts the needle fins 2 at the medium inlet 4. This allows the medium to retain enough power to continue flowing towards the medium outlet. The large end of the raindrop-shaped structure can also guide the fluid to transition smoothly from laminar flow to turbulent flow.

[0117] At least a portion of the raindrop-shaped structure of the needle fins 2 has its small tip facing the medium outlet, which is beneficial for precisely controlling the flow field separation point and forming a wake region with directional vortex evolution characteristics behind the needle fins 2. Specifically, the small tip of the needle fins 2 facing the medium outlet is conducive to the formation of vortices behind the needle fins 2. The vortices can enhance the disturbance of the medium, thereby increasing the local heat transfer coefficient. In other words, the medium at the vortex can better exchange heat with the needle fins 2, thus improving the heat transfer effect.

[0118] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 , Figure 5 As shown, the large end of the raindrop-shaped structure of all the needle fins 2 faces the medium inlet 4 and the small end faces the medium outlet.

[0119] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown, the larger end of the raindrop-shaped structure of a portion of the needle fin 2 faces the medium inlet 4 and the smaller end faces the medium outlet, while the smaller end of the raindrop-shaped structure of another portion of the needle fin 2 faces the medium inlet 4 and the larger end faces the medium outlet.

[0120] Specifically, the medium enters the heat exchange channel through the medium inlet 4, flows within the channel, absorbs the heat transferred from the heat exchange component to the heat exchange plate 12, and then exits from the medium outlet, carrying the heat to the outside of the heat exchange device 10, thereby achieving rapid heat transfer and dissipation. This liquid cooling method is highly efficient and stable, effectively handling the large amount of heat generated by high-power heat exchange components and ensuring the temperature stability of the heat exchange components during high-load operation.

[0121] In some embodiments, the medium discharged from the medium outlet can be cooled externally and then re-enter the heat exchange channel through the medium inlet 4 to facilitate the recycling of the medium.

[0122] According to the heat exchange device 10 of this application embodiment, by designing the cross-section of the needle fins 2 as a raindrop-shaped structure, and having at least a portion of the larger ends of the raindrop-shaped structure facing the medium inlet 4, the medium, after entering the heat exchange channel from the medium inlet 4, first impacts the larger ends of these needle fins 2, which helps reduce impact loss at the medium inlet 4 and guides the fluid to transition smoothly from laminar to turbulent flow. By setting at least a portion of the smaller ends of the needle fins 2 facing the medium outlet, it is beneficial to form vortices behind the needle fins 2. This needle fin 2 has a significant effect on improving the heat exchange effect and can significantly improve the heat exchange efficiency between the heat exchange device 10 and the heat-exchanged component.

[0123] In some embodiments of this application, the medium inlet 4 and the medium outlet are spaced apart in a second direction. (Refer to...) Figure 9 , Figure 10 As shown, the medium inlet 4 is located at one end of the housing 3, and the medium outlet is located at the other end of the housing 3. The second direction is... Figure 1 , Figure 5 , Figure 9 The direction is shown as F3-F4. The needle fins 2 protrude along the first direction. When the medium flows along the second direction, it can impact the needle fins 2, and the medium and the needle fins 2 can exchange heat, thereby improving the heat exchange effect between the heat exchange plate 12 and the medium in the heat exchange channel.

[0124] Figure 9 The image shows the needle fin 2 near the medium inlet 4. Figure 10 The distance between the middle needle fin 2 and the medium inlet 4 is relatively far, therefore Figure 10 Needle wing 2 is not shown.

[0125] In some embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figure 1 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 As shown, the housing 3 is constructed as a box-shaped structure with one end open, the heat exchange substrate 1 is covered at the opening of the housing 3, and the needle fins 2 are disposed on the heat exchange substrate 1.

[0126] In some embodiments of this application, the heat exchange substrate 1 and the housing 3 can be fixedly connected by fasteners, such as bolts, rivets, etc.

[0127] In some other embodiments of this application, the heat exchange substrate 1 and the housing 3 can also be fixedly connected by welding, bonding or other means.

[0128] In some embodiments of this application, the heat exchange substrate 1 and the housing 3 are tightly fitted together, thereby completely sealing the open side of the housing 3, so that a sealed medium circulation space is formed between the heat exchange substrate 1 and the housing 3, and the heat exchange channel is only connected to the medium inlet 4 and the medium outlet, so that the medium in the heat exchange channel will not leak from the gap between the heat exchange substrate 1 and the housing 3.

[0129] In some embodiments of this application, a sealing structure is provided between the heat exchange substrate 1 and the housing 3 to achieve a seal. Optionally, the sealing structure may be a gasket, sealant, etc.

[0130] In some embodiments of this application, the needle fin 2 is made of high thermal conductivity materials such as copper and aluminum alloy.

[0131] In some embodiments of this application, the heat exchange substrate 1 and the pin fins 2 are made of the same high thermal conductivity material. High thermal conductivity material can significantly improve heat conduction, thereby enhancing the heat transfer capability of the heat exchanged component to the surface of the heat exchange substrate 1 and the pin fins 2, improving the overall heat dissipation performance of the heat exchange substrate 1, reducing the temperature rise of the heat exchanged component, and thus improving the thermal reliability of the heat exchanged component for stable operation.

[0132] In some embodiments of this application, the housing 3 is made of high thermal conductivity materials such as copper and aluminum alloy.

[0133] The heat exchange device 10 according to the embodiments of this application maintains low flow resistance while significantly increasing the heat exchange area compared to elliptical / polygonal needle fins in related technologies, effectively improving heat exchange efficiency and solving the problem that heat exchange efficiency and low flow resistance cannot be achieved simultaneously in elliptical / polygonal needle fin heat exchangers.

[0134] Reference Figure 9 , Figure 10 As shown, the power module 100 according to the third aspect of this application may include a power element 20 and a heat exchange device 10 as described above, wherein the power element 20 is disposed on the heat exchange substrate 1.

[0135] According to the power module 100 of the present application embodiment, the heat exchange device 10 of the above embodiment can effectively cope with the large amount of heat generated by the high-power power element 20, and ensure the temperature stability of the power module 100 when operating under high load.

[0136] In some embodiments of this application, the heat exchange substrate 1 has a heat exchange surface 11, and the power module 100 further includes a thermally conductive layer 30. The thermally conductive layer 30 is located between the power element 20 and the heat exchange surface 11, with one side of the thermally conductive layer 30 attached to the power element 20 and the other side attached to the heat exchange surface 11. The power element 20 is the core heat-generating component of the power module 100, and its number and arrangement can be flexibly designed according to actual needs. It can be a single power element 20 or an array composed of multiple power elements 20, and the arrangement can be a single row or multiple rows to meet the needs of different power levels and spatial layouts. The thermally conductive layer 30 is located between the power element 20 and the heat exchange surface 11, playing a crucial role in heat conduction. The thermally conductive layer 30 can be a single layer or multiple layers to adapt to different heat dissipation requirements and space constraints.

[0137] In some embodiments of this application, the thermal conductive layer 30 may be a single piece, thereby reducing the number of thermal conductive layers 30 and reducing assembly steps. One or more power elements 20 are provided on the thermal conductive layer 30.

[0138] In some other embodiments of this application, the thermally conductive layer 30 can be multiple pieces, thus requiring only the thermally conductive layer 30 to be adhered to the target area, saving on the amount of thermally conductive layer 30 used and reducing costs. For example, in Figure 9 , Figure 10 In the example, the heat-conducting layer 30 consists of three parts: a first heat-conducting layer 301, a second heat-conducting layer 302, and a third heat-conducting layer 303. Each of the first heat-conducting layer 301, the second heat-conducting layer 302, and the third heat-conducting layer 303 is provided with one or more power elements 20.

[0139] In some embodiments of this application, the materials for the thermally conductive layer 30 are widely selected, including but not limited to thermal grease, thermal pads, thermal gels, and copper sheets. These materials each have their own characteristics and can meet the heat dissipation requirements in different scenarios.

[0140] In some embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figure 9 and Figure 10 The heat exchange device 10 includes a heat exchange plate 12 and a housing 3. One side of the heat-conducting layer 30 is attached to the power element 20, and the other side of the heat-conducting layer 30 is attached to the heat exchange substrate 1. The pin fins 2 are disposed on the side of the heat exchange substrate 1 away from the power element 20. The side of the heat exchange substrate 1 away from the housing 3 is used to mount the power element 20. In this way, the heat exchange substrate 1 and the power element 20 are close to each other, and heat can be quickly transferred to the heat exchange substrate 1 through the heat-conducting layer 30 and dissipated through the pin fins 2 and the medium, thereby forming an efficient and compact heat dissipation path.

[0141] In some embodiments of this application, there are multiple power elements 20.

[0142] In some embodiments of this application, the power element 20 is one.

[0143] In some embodiments of this application, the power element 20 is a chip. When the chip is working, it generates heat, at least a portion of which can be absorbed by the heat exchange device 10, thereby preventing the chip temperature from becoming too high and thus improving the chip's lifespan.

[0144] Compared with the elliptical needle fins in related technologies, the temperature of the power element 20 can be reduced by 10°C when using the heat exchanger 10 with the needle fins 2 of this application at the same flow rate.

[0145] Reference Figure 11 As shown, the vehicle 1000 according to the fourth aspect of this application includes the heat exchange plate 12 of the above embodiment.

[0146] Reference Figure 12 As shown, the vehicle 1000 according to the fifth aspect embodiment of this application includes the heat exchange device 10 of the above embodiment.

[0147] Reference Figure 13 As shown, the vehicle 1000 according to the sixth aspect of this application includes the power module 100 of the above embodiment.

[0148] According to the embodiments of this application, the vehicle 1000 using the above-described heat exchange device 10 can effectively cope with the large amount of heat generated by the high-power power element 20, ensuring the temperature stability of the power module 100 during high-load operation, thereby improving the safety performance of the vehicle 1000.

[0149] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0150] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication between two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0151] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification.

[0152] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A heat exchange plate (12), characterized in that, include: Heat exchange substrate (1); Multiple needle fins (2) are connected to the heat exchange substrate (1). The needle fins (2) protrude at least along a first direction. In a cross section perpendicular to the first direction, the needle fins (2) are raindrop-shaped structures. The multiple needle fins (2) are arranged in multiple rows. Each row includes multiple needle fins (2). The multiple needle fins (2) in each row are spaced apart along a second direction. The multiple rows are spaced apart in a third direction. The raindrop-shaped structure has a large end and a small end. The small end is bent relative to the large end along the third direction. The bending direction of the small end of at least one raindrop-shaped structure in at least one row is opposite to the bending direction of the small end of at least one raindrop-shaped structure in an adjacent row. Wherein, the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.

2. The heat exchange plate (12) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The maximum length of the raindrop-shaped structure in the second direction is a, and the maximum width of the raindrop-shaped structure in the third direction is b. The large end and the small end of the raindrop-shaped structure are spaced apart in the second direction, and a and b satisfy: b < a.

3. The heat exchange plate (12) according to claim 2, characterized in that, a satisfies: 3.5mm≤a≤4.5mm.

4. The heat exchange plate (12) according to claim 2, characterized in that, a and b also satisfy: 0.4a≤b≤0.6a.

5. The heat exchange plate (12) according to claim 2, characterized in that, The raindrop-shaped structure includes a first contour segment (21), a second contour segment (22), and a third contour segment (23). The first contour segment (21), the second contour segment (22), and the third contour segment (23) are connected end to end. The large end of the raindrop-shaped structure is formed on the first contour segment (21), and the small end of the raindrop-shaped structure is formed at the connection between the second contour segment (22) and the third contour segment (23).

6. The heat exchange plate (12) according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first contour segment (21) is an arc segment. At least one point on the first contour segment (21) is at a distance R from the center of the raindrop structure. The first contour segment (21) does not exceed the range with the center of the raindrop structure as the center and R as the radius. The center of the raindrop structure is located on the third direction above the connection point between the first contour segment (21) and the third contour segment (23). The distance between the center of the raindrop structure and the connection point between the first contour segment (21) and the third contour segment (23) is 0.5b.

7. The heat exchange plate (12) according to claim 6, characterized in that, R satisfies: 0.7mm≤R≤1.5mm.

8. The heat exchange plate (12) according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second contour segment (22) has a first endpoint connected to the first contour segment (21), and the second contour segment (22) has a second endpoint connected to the third contour segment (23). The angle between the line connecting the first endpoint and the second endpoint and the second direction is α, and α satisfies: 5°≤α≤35°.

9. The heat exchange plate (12) according to claim 5, characterized in that, In the second direction, the length of the first contour segment (21) is a1, and a1 satisfies: 0.7mm≤a1≤1.5mm.

10. The heat exchange plate (12) according to claim 5, characterized in that, In the third direction, the width of the first contour segment (21) is b, and the sum of the widths of the second contour segment (22) and the third contour segment (23) is b.

11. The heat exchange plate (12) according to claim 5, characterized in that, Along the second direction from near the first contour segment (21) to away from the first contour segment (21), the sum of the widths of the second contour segment (22) and the third contour segment (23) in the third direction gradually decreases.

12. The heat exchange plate (12) according to claim 5, characterized in that, The third contour segment (23) is an arc segment, and the third contour segment (23) is concave towards the side closer to the second contour segment (22) so that the small end bends relative to the large end along the third direction.

13. The heat exchange plate (12) according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple needle wings (2) are spaced apart, and the minimum distance between two adjacent needle wings (2) is S, which satisfies: 0.7mm≤S≤1.2mm.

14. The heat exchange plate (12) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multiple needle wings (2) are arranged in a multi-column structure, the multi-column structure is spaced apart in the second direction, each column structure includes multiple needle wings (2), and the multiple needle wings (2) in each column structure are spaced apart along the third direction.

15. The heat exchange plate (12) according to claim 14, characterized in that, Multiple needle wings (2) of two adjacent columns are staggered upwards on the third side.

16. The heat exchange plate (12) according to claim 15, characterized in that, The needle wings (2) of the two adjacent columns are symmetrical about the second direction.

17. The heat exchange plate (12) according to any one of claims 14-16, characterized in that, The large ends of any two adjacent needle wings (2) in each column structure are oriented in the same direction.

18. The heat exchange plate (12) according to any one of claims 14-16, characterized in that, The large ends of at least two of the needle wings (2) in each column structure are oriented in opposite directions.

19. The heat exchange plate (12) according to claim 18, characterized in that, The large ends of any two adjacent needle wings (2) in each column structure are oriented in opposite directions.

20. The heat exchange plate (12) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the heat exchange substrate (1) that is away from the needle fin (2) is the heat exchange surface (11).

21. The heat exchange plate (12) according to claim 20, characterized in that, The heat exchange substrate (1) is provided with a first heat exchange area and a second heat exchange area. There are multiple first heat exchange areas. Two adjacent first heat exchange areas are separated by the second heat exchange area. The needle fin (2) is disposed in the first heat exchange area.

22. A heat exchange device (10), characterized in that, include: The heat exchange plate (12) according to any one of claims 1-21.

23. The heat exchange device (10) according to claim 22, characterized in that, It also includes a shell (3), the heat exchange substrate (1) and the shell (3) together form a heat exchange channel suitable for the flow of heat exchange medium. The shell (3) is provided with a medium inlet (4) and a medium outlet. At least a portion of the raindrop-shaped structure of the needle fins (2) faces the medium inlet (4) and the small end faces the medium outlet.

24. The heat exchange device (10) according to claim 23, characterized in that, The medium inlet (4) and the medium outlet are spaced apart in the second direction.

25. A power module (100), characterized in that, include: The heat exchange device (10) according to any one of claims 22-24; Power element (20) is disposed on the heat exchange substrate (1).

26. The power module (100) according to claim 25, characterized in that, The heat exchange substrate (1) has a heat exchange surface (11), and the power module (100) further includes a heat-conducting layer (30). The heat-conducting layer (30) is located between the power element (20) and the heat exchange surface (11), and one side of the heat-conducting layer (30) is attached to the power element (20), and the other side of the heat-conducting layer (30) is attached to the heat exchange surface (11).

27. The power module (100) according to claim 25, characterized in that, The power element (20) is multiple.

28. The power module (100) according to claim 25, characterized in that, The power element (20) is a chip.

29. A vehicle (1000), characterized in that, It includes the heat exchange plate (12) according to any one of claims 1-21, or the heat exchange device (10) according to any one of claims 22-24, or the power module (100) according to any one of claims 25-28.

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