Image processing-based highway subgrade rough processing macadam proportioning data acquisition system

Abstract

The image processing-based highway subgrade rough processing gravel proportioning data acquisition system comprises a fixing frame, a moving sliding block is slidably connected to the upper portion of the fixing frame, a stirring device, a paving device and a camera are sequentially arranged on the lower end of the moving sliding block from back to front, a scraping container is arranged on the bottom of the fixing frame on the sliding path of the moving sliding block, the stirring device is used for pouring the stirred mixture into the scraping container, the paving device is sequentially provided with a lifting device, a second connecting frame, a connecting plate and a plurality of elastic scraping units from top to bottom, the upper end of the lifting device is connected with the moving sliding block through a fixing seat, the elastic scraping unit comprises an obliquely arranged scraping plate, the high end of the scraping plate is hinged with the connecting plate, and the low end can be moved up and down under the action of an elastic element. The stirring device, the paving device and the camera are fixed on the moving sliding block, and work in sequence, so that the collected image information is closer to the real paving data on site, and the accuracy of the collected gravel proportioning data is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of measurement equipment technology, specifically to a data acquisition system for the proportion of crushed stone in the rough processing of highway subgrade based on image processing. Background Technology

[0002] The design of graded crushed stone mix proportions can effectively improve the load-bearing performance of roads, thereby enhancing their strength and durability. Traditional methods for collecting graded crushed stone involve sieve analysis, using several standard square-hole sieves of different aperture sizes for mechanical or manual sieving.

[0003] However, this method is inefficient. Later, visualization tools, such as cameras, began to be used to collect this type of data. For example, there is a patent with patent number CN201210573700.0, entitled "Visualization Acquisition System and Method for Geometric Features of Gradient Crushed Stone in Railway and Highway Subgrade". However, it can only collect images of crushed stone placed on a horizontal platform and then transmit the data to a computer host for processing. The host uses software such as YOLO and image processor to comprehensively process the data to analyze the model volume and proportion data of the batch of crushed stone.

[0004] The gravel placed on the horizontal platform is placed manually and cannot accurately simulate the real paving environment, which will lead to inaccurate gravel mix data. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the technical problems mentioned above, this utility model provides a data acquisition system for the proportion of crushed stone in the rough processing of highway subgrade based on image processing.

[0006] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows: The image processing-based highway subgrade coarse processing crushed stone ratio data acquisition system includes a fixed frame, a movable slider is slidably connected to the upper part of the fixed frame, and a mixing device, a paving device and a camera are arranged sequentially from back to front at the lower end of the movable slider. A leveling container is arranged at the bottom of the fixed frame on the sliding path of the movable slider. The mixing device and the paving device do not interfere with each other when passing through the inside of the leveling container. The mixing device is used to pour the mixed material into the scraper container. The mixed material is a mixture of mortar and gravel. The paving equipment is equipped with a lifting device, a second connecting frame, a connecting plate, and several elastic leveling units from top to bottom. The upper end of the lifting device is connected to the movable slider through a fixed seat. The elastic leveling unit includes an inclined screed plate. The high end of the screed plate is hinged to the connecting plate, and the low end can move up and down under the action of the elastic element.

[0007] Compared to the traditional method of manually placing crushed stone, this utility model's data acquisition system fixes the mixing device, paving equipment, and camera together on a movable slider. The mixing device can be used to pour the mixed material into the leveling container in sequence, the paving equipment can be used to level the mixture, and finally the camera can be used to take pictures of the surface of the leveled mixture. This makes the acquired image information closer to the actual paving data on site, thereby improving the accuracy of the acquired crushed stone mix data.

[0008] Furthermore, several elastic leveling units are connected side-by-side below the connecting plate along the width of the leveling container. As the sliding block moves along the length of the leveling container, the scraper plate of each elastic leveling unit changes its state independently. The use of elastic leveling units ensures that the scraper plate only pushes excess mixture out of the leveling container, preventing the rigid scraping of even slightly raised gravel, especially large gravel particles, from creating pits on-site and affecting the accuracy of subsequent data collection by cameras.

[0009] In one embodiment, the elastic leveling unit has a hinge module at the rear of the leveling plate that is hinged to a connecting plate, a support base at the front of the leveling plate, a guide rod on the support base, the upper end of the guide rod passing through the connecting plate and having a limiting member, a sliding hole in the connecting plate at the corresponding position of the guide rod, and a spring sleeved on the outside of the guide rod between the connecting plate and the support base, the spring being in a compressed state.

[0010] In one implementation, the limiting component can be a limiting nut, threaded onto the upper part of the guide rod. The spring force is adjusted by adjusting the height, allowing the scraper plate to press the mixture with appropriate pressure. After scraping off excess mixture, the paved surface is approximately flat, without pits. In practical use, a test method can be used to adjust to the appropriate spring force.

[0011] In one embodiment, the connecting plate is a flat plate, which is horizontally connected to the lower end of the second connecting frame.

[0012] In one embodiment, the mixing device includes a mixing tank and a mixing motor. The mixing tank is connected to a movable slider via a first connecting frame. A feeding hopper is provided at the top of the mixing tank, and a pull-out device is provided at the bottom for unloading. The mixing motor is fixed on the movable slider above the mixing tank.

[0013] Preferably, since the stirring device is large, in order to facilitate its connection with the moving slider, an expansion plate can be connected to the rear of the moving slider, and the top of the first connecting frame is fixedly connected to the expansion plate.

[0014] In one implementation, the leveling container is a rectangular trough-shaped structure with an opening at the top, and baffles are set at both the front and rear ends to adjust the height of the internal mixture.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the moving slider is a linear slider located on the center line of the leveling container. The camera can capture images of the leveled mixture in the center of the leveling container.

[0016] In one embodiment, the fixing frame includes an upper bracket and supporting legs connected around it. The lower end face of the upper bracket is flat and is provided with a slide rail connected to the movable slider. The lower end face of the upper bracket is also connected to a driving mechanism for driving the movable slider to move linearly along the slide rail.

[0017] To facilitate viewing and analyzing the collected data, a table is also set up on one side of the mounting frame, with a monitor and a host computer placed on the table.

[0018] Through the above design, the image processing-based highway subgrade coarse crushed stone mix ratio data acquisition system of this utility model, compared with the traditional method of manually placing crushed stone, fixes the mixing device, paving equipment and camera together on the moving slider. The mixing device can be used to pour the mixed material into the leveling container in sequence, the paving equipment can be used to level the material, and finally the camera is used to take a picture of the surface of the leveled material. This makes the acquired image information closer to the actual paving data on site, thereby improving the accuracy of the acquired crushed stone mix ratio data. Attached Figure Description

[0019] In the attached diagram: Figure 1 A 3D view of the data acquisition system; Figure 2 This is a front view of the data acquisition system; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the data acquisition system after the mounting bracket has been removed; Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the paving equipment; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the elastic scraping unit; The components represented by the various reference numerals in the diagram are: 1. Fixed frame; 11. Upper support; 12. Support leg; 13. Moving slider; 2. Mixing device; 21. Mixing tank; 22. Feeding hopper; 23. First connecting frame; 24. Mixer; 25. Pulling device; 3. Paving equipment; 31. Lifting device; 32. Second connecting frame; 33. Connecting steel plate; 34. Elastic leveling unit; 341. Leveling steel plate; 342. Hinge module; 343. Guide rod; 344. Spring; 345. Support seat; 346. Limit nut; 35. Leveling container; 36. Baffle plate; 4. Camera. Detailed Implementation

[0020] See Figure 1 and Figure 2This embodiment provides a data acquisition system for the proportion of crushed stone in the rough processing of highway subgrade based on image processing. It includes a fixed frame 1, a movable slider 13 slidably connected to the upper part of the fixed frame 1, and a mixing device 2, a paving device 3 and a camera 4 arranged sequentially from back to front at the lower end of the movable slider 13. A leveling container 35 is arranged at the bottom of the fixed frame 1 on the sliding path of the movable slider 13. The mixing device 2 and the paving device 3 do not interfere with each other when passing through the interior of the leveling container 35.

[0021] In this embodiment, the fixing frame 1 includes an upper support 11 and supporting legs 12 connected around it. The lower end surface of the upper support 11 is flat and is provided with a slide rail connected to the movable slider 13. The connection method between the two can refer to the traveling mechanism. The lower end surface of the upper support 11 is also connected to a driving mechanism for driving the movable slider 13 to move linearly along the slide rail. For example, the driving mechanism can be a motor, and the movable slider 13 is provided with rollers that are driven to rotate by the motor. The driving mechanism can also be a hydraulic cylinder to push the movable slider 13 to move linearly. Such technology belongs to the prior art, and this application does not impose any limitations, so it will not be described in detail.

[0022] Preferably, the support legs 12 include four legs, distributed around the upper support 11. A base plate may also be provided below the support legs 12, with the flattened container 35 placed in the center of the base plate.

[0023] In this embodiment, the leveling container 35 is a rectangular trough-shaped structure with an opening at the top, a U-shaped cross-section in the middle, an overall length of 70cm, and an opening width of 50cm. Material needs to be stopped at both ends; therefore, sealing plates are installed at the bottom. The height of the sealing plates determines the minimum paving height; in this embodiment, it is 10cm high. Preferably, the sealing plates are detachably connected to both ends for easy unloading.

[0024] Furthermore, a baffle plate 36 is provided above the sealing plate to adjust the height of the internal mixture. In this embodiment, the baffle plate 36 is 5cm high and its height above the sealing plate is adjustable.

[0025] In this embodiment, the movable slider 13 is a linear slider located on the center line of the leveling container 35. The camera 4 can capture images of the leveled mixture in the middle position inside the leveling container 35.

[0026] See Figure 3 The mixing device 2 is used to pour the mixed material into the leveling container 35. The mixed material is a mixture of mortar and crushed stone. Coarsely processed crushed stone refers to crushed stone raw materials that have not undergone fine screening and shaping.

[0027] Furthermore, the stirring device 2 includes a stirring tank 21 and a stirring motor. The stirring tank 21 is connected to the movable slider 13 via a first connecting frame 23. The first connecting frame 23 can be composed of several connecting rods, which are inclined outwards and connected to the movable slider 13. A feeding hopper 22 is provided on the upper part of the stirring tank 21. One end of the feeding hopper 22 is connected to the outer wall of the stirring tank, and the other end extends outwards in a fan shape. The feeding hopper 22 is relatively large to facilitate feeding. If it is too large and interferes with the position of the connecting rod, an opening can be provided at the corresponding position of the feeding hopper 22, the connecting rod can be passed through, and then the opening can be welded shut. This ensures the strength requirements are met without hindering the feeding.

[0028] The mixing tank 21 is equipped with a pull-out device 25 at the bottom for unloading. The pull-out device 25 can use two telescopic cylinders, which are commonly used in the prior art, to control the opening and closing of two semi-circular plates for unloading. The mixing motor is fixed to the movable slider 13 above the mixing tank 21 by a fixing frame. The output shaft of the mixing motor is connected to a mixing shovel, which extends into the mixing tank to mix the materials.

[0029] Preferably, since the stirring device 2 is relatively large, in order to facilitate the connection between the first connecting frame 23 and the movable slider 13, an expansion plate can be connected to the rear of the movable slider 13, and the top of the first connecting frame 23 is fixedly connected to the expansion plate.

[0030] See Figure 4 The paving equipment 3 is equipped with a lifting device 31, a second connecting frame 32, a connecting plate and several elastic leveling units 34 from top to bottom. The lifting device 31 can be a hydraulic cylinder, and its upper end is connected to the movable slider 13 through a fixed seat.

[0031] The connecting plate is a flat steel plate 33, which is horizontally connected to the lower end of the second connecting frame 32.

[0032] The second connecting frame 32 includes left and right connecting frames and a front connecting frame, which are respectively inclined downwards and fixedly connected to the front and left and right ends of the connecting steel plate 33. Preferably, reinforcing ribs are also provided between the lower part of the left and right connecting frames and the connecting steel plate 33.

[0033] The following is combined Figure 5 The elastic leveling unit 34 includes an inclined scraping plate, the upper end of which is hinged to the connecting plate, and the lower end which can move up and down under the action of the elastic element.

[0034] In this embodiment, the scraping plate is a scraping steel plate 341, 2cm wide, with a total of 25 units. The 25 elastic scraping units 34 are connected side-by-side along the width of the scraping container 35 below the connecting steel plate 33. As the moving slider 13 moves along the length of the scraping container 35, the scraping steel plate 341 of each elastic scraping unit 34 changes state independently. By using the elastic scraping units 34, the connecting steel plate 33 only pushes excess mixture out of the scraping container 35, preventing the hard scraping of even slightly higher gravel particles, especially large gravel particles, from creating pits on-site after being hard scraped away, affecting the accuracy of subsequent data collection by the camera 4.

[0035] In one embodiment, in the elastic leveling unit 34, a hinge module 342 is provided at the rear of the leveling steel plate 341 and is hinged to the connecting steel plate 33. The hinge module 342 includes two semi-circular plates, one of which is welded to the rear bottom surface of the leveling steel plate 341 and the other is welded to the rear top surface of the connecting steel plate 33. A pin passes through the two plates and cotter pins are connected at both ends.

[0036] A support base 345 is provided above the front part of the leveling steel plate 341. A guide rod 343 is provided on the support base 345. The upper end of the guide rod 343 passes through the connecting steel plate 33 and is provided with a limiting element. The connecting steel plate 33 has a sliding hole at the corresponding position of the guide rod 343 to ensure that the guide rod 343 has sufficient movement space when the leveling steel plate 341 rotates. A spring 344 is sleeved on the outside of the guide rod 343 between the connecting steel plate 33 and the support base 345. The spring 344 is in a compressed state. Preferably, washers are provided at both ends of the spring.

[0037] In one implementation, the limiting component can be a limiting nut 346, threadedly connected to the upper part of the guide rod 343. The spring force of the spring 344 is adjusted by adjusting the height, so that the scraper plate 341 presses onto the mixture with appropriate pressure. After scraping off the excess mixture, the paved surface is approximately flat and without pits. In specific use, the appropriate spring force can be adjusted by trial and error.

[0038] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 To facilitate the viewing and analysis of the collected data, a table is also set up on one side of the fixed frame 1, with a monitor and host computer placed on the table, so that the experimental personnel can work nearby.

[0039] Compared to the traditional method of manually placing crushed stone, this utility model's data acquisition system fixes the mixing device 2, paving equipment 3, and camera 4 together on the movable slider 13. The mixing device 2 can be used to pour the mixed material into the leveling container 35 in sequence, the paving equipment 3 can be used to level the material, and finally the camera 4 can be used to take pictures of the surface of the leveled material. This makes the acquired image information closer to the actual paving data on site, thereby improving the accuracy of the acquired crushed stone mix data.

[0040] The specific operating method is as follows: The experimenters installed the baffle plate 36 to the appropriate height after confirming the paving depth; Adjust the paving equipment 3 to the paving control height; The calculated volume of the paving mixture is added from the self-feeding hopper; After adding the mixture, move away from the machine and control the top drive motor of the fixed frame 1 to drive the moving slider to move the camera 4, paving equipment 3 and mixing device 2 connected to the moving slider to the starting point. At this time, the feeding hopper 22 is located above the scraping container 35, and the mixture will be stirred by the mixing motor to the mixing shovel until the raw materials are uniform. Then the pulling devices 25 on both sides of the mixing tank 21 slowly pour the well-mixed material into the leveling container 35. At the same time, the motor driving the moving slider 13 will move the moving slider 13. When the mixing tank 21 moves to the end of the leveling container 35 and exits the work, the feeding is completed. Then, the paving equipment 3 travels to the starting section of the leveling container 35 and begins the leveling operation. At this time, excess mixture will be pushed out of the leveling container 35 one after another. When the paving equipment 3 travels to the end of the leveling container 35, the scanning camera 4 travels to the center of the leveling container 35 and takes pictures of the leveled mixture. The data is transmitted to the computer host for processing. The host uses software such as YOLO and image processor to process the data and output the aggregate ratio to complete the work.

Claims

1. A data acquisition system for the proportion of crushed stone in the rough processing of highway subgrade based on image processing, characterized in that, The device includes a fixed frame (1), a movable slider (13) is slidably connected to the upper part of the fixed frame (1), and a mixing device (2), a paving device (3) and a camera (4) are arranged sequentially from back to front at the lower end of the movable slider (13). A leveling container (35) is arranged at the bottom of the fixed frame (1) on the sliding path of the movable slider (13). The mixing device (2) and the paving device (3) do not interfere with each other when passing through the inside of the leveling container (35). The stirring device (2) is used to pour the well-stirred mixture into the leveling container (35); The paving equipment (3) is provided with a lifting device (31), a second connecting frame (32), a connecting plate and several elastic leveling units (34) from top to bottom. The upper end of the lifting device (31) is connected to the movable slider (13) through a fixed seat. The elastic leveling unit (34) includes an inclined scraping plate. The high end of the scraping plate is hinged to the connecting plate, and the low end can move up and down under the action of the elastic element.

2. The data acquisition system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Several elastic leveling units (34) are connected side by side under the connecting plate along the width direction of the leveling container (35). When the sliding block (13) moves along the length direction of the leveling container (35), the leveling plate of each elastic leveling unit (34) changes state individually.

3. The data acquisition system according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the elastic scraping unit (34), a hinge module (342) is provided at the rear of the scraping plate and hinged to the connecting plate. A support seat (345) is provided at the front of the scraping plate. A guide rod (343) is provided on the support seat (345). The upper end of the guide rod (343) passes through the connecting plate and is provided with a limiting member. The connecting plate has a sliding hole at the corresponding position of the guide rod (343). A spring (344) is sleeved on the outside of the guide rod (343) between the connecting plate and the support seat (345).

4. The data acquisition system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The limiting component is a limiting nut (346), which is threaded onto the upper part of the guide rod (343).

5. The data acquisition system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The connecting plate is a flat plate, which is horizontally connected to the lower end of the second connecting frame (32).

6. The data acquisition system according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The stirring device (2) includes a stirring tank (21) and a stirring motor. The stirring tank (21) is connected to the movable slider (13) through a first connecting frame (23). The stirring tank (21) is provided with a feeding hopper (22) at the top and a pulling device (25) at the bottom for unloading. The stirring motor is fixed on the movable slider (13) above the stirring tank (21).

7. The data acquisition system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The rear of the movable slider (13) is connected to the expansion plate, and the top of the first connecting frame (23) is fixedly connected to the expansion plate.

8. The data acquisition system according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The leveling container (35) is a rectangular trough structure with an opening at the top, and baffles (36) are provided at the front and rear ends to adjust the height of the internal mixture.

9. The data acquisition system according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The fixed frame (1) includes an upper support (11) and supporting legs (12) connected around it. The lower end face of the upper support (11) is a plane and is provided with a slide rail connected to the movable slider (13). The lower end face of the upper support (11) is also connected to a driving mechanism for driving the movable slider (13) to move linearly along the slide rail.

10. The data acquisition system according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, A table is also provided on one side of the mounting bracket (1), on which a monitor and a host are placed.

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