A battery cell failure simulation device
By designing a battery cell fault simulation device that includes a control module and multiple fault circuits, and using relays to simulate battery cell faults, the problems of low fault coverage and poor flexibility of existing devices are solved, thereby improving the efficiency and accuracy of BMS testing.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202521983532.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-16
- Publication Date
- 2026-11-03
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-09-16
AI Technical Summary
Existing battery cell fault simulation devices have low fault coverage, complex simulation circuits, poor flexibility, cannot flexibly adjust simulation channels, and have slow response, which is not conducive to efficient testing.
A battery cell fault simulation device was designed, which includes a control module and a multi-channel fault circuit. It uses relays to simulate faults such as open circuit of battery cell series line, open circuit of sampling line and reverse polarity of sampling line. The microcontroller generates control signals to control the closing and opening of the relays, and supports flexible connection of multiple battery cells.
It achieves high-coverage fault simulation, has a fast response, and uses simple simulation circuits, thus improving the efficiency and accuracy of BMS testing.
Smart Images
Figure CN224934127U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of testing battery management systems for new energy vehicles, and in particular to a battery cell fault simulation device. Background Technology
[0002] With the rapid popularization of new energy vehicles, the power battery and its battery management system (BMS), as core components, directly affect vehicle operation safety and user experience. During the research and testing of BMS, it is necessary to test the BMS's response to various faults in individual battery cells. However, current battery cell fault simulation devices have many shortcomings: on the one hand, the fault coverage is low, rarely covering open-circuit and polarity reversal faults in the sampling line, and the simulation circuit is complex; on the other hand, the fault simulation lacks flexibility, cannot flexibly adjust the simulation channels according to battery packs with different numbers of battery cells, and the fault generation methods are complex and the response is slow, which is not conducive to efficient testing. Utility Model Content
[0003] This invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in related technologies. To this end, the invention provides a battery cell fault simulation device with high fault coverage and a simple simulation circuit structure. It can accurately and flexibly simulate faults in the connection between battery cells and the BMS, improving the efficiency and accuracy of BMS testing.
[0004] The objective of this utility model can be achieved through the following technical solution: a battery cell fault simulation device, wherein one end of the battery cell fault simulation device is connected to a battery cell, and the other end is connected to a BMS through a sampling line, and the battery cell fault simulation device includes a control module and multiple fault circuits connected to the control module.
[0005] In one possible implementation, the control module of the battery cell fault simulation device includes a microcontroller (MCU) for generating control signals to control the closing and opening of relays in each fault circuit, thereby simulating various battery fault modes. The fault circuit includes several relays, which are controlled to simulate faults such as open circuit of the battery cell series line, open circuit of the sampling line, and polarity reversal of the sampling line. Relays connected to the series line are used to open the battery cell series line; relays connected in series on the sampling line are used to open the sampling line; and polarity reversal of the sampling line is achieved by controlling the opening and closing of different relays.
[0006] In one possible implementation, the battery cell fault simulation device includes 16 fault circuits. One battery cell fault simulation device can connect 16 battery cells. Each fault circuit includes a battery cell series line disconnection module, a sampling line disconnection module, and a sampling line polarity reversal module.
[0007] In one possible implementation, the battery cell series line disconnection module includes a first relay, which is connected to the battery cell series line, that is, between the positive terminal of the battery cell and the negative terminal of the next adjacent faulty battery cell. The control module controls the first relay to disconnect, thereby simulating a battery cell series line disconnection fault.
[0008] In one possible implementation, the sampling line disconnection module includes a second relay connected in series on the sampling line and connected between the positive terminal of the battery cell and the positive terminal of the output of the fault circuit. The control module controls the second relay to disconnect, thereby simulating a sampling line disconnection fault.
[0009] As one possible implementation, the sampling line polarity reversal module includes a third relay and a fourth relay, as well as a third relay and a fourth relay for the next adjacent fault circuit.
[0010] Furthermore, the normally closed contact of the third relay is connected to the positive terminal of the battery cell, the normally open contact of the third relay is connected to the negative terminal of the battery in the next adjacent fault circuit, the common terminal of the third relay is connected to the normally closed contact of the fourth relay, the normally open contact of the fourth relay is connected to the positive terminal of the battery cell in the previous adjacent fault circuit, and the common terminal of the fourth relay is connected to the second relay. The control module controls the normally closed contact of the third relay to open and the normally open contact to close, and the normally closed contact of the fourth relay in the next adjacent fault circuit channel to open and the normally open contact to close, so as to achieve polarity reversal of the sampling lines of adjacent channels.
[0011] In one possible implementation, the fault circuit of the battery cell fault simulation device further includes a fifth relay and a sixth relay. The fifth relay is connected between the negative terminal of the first battery and the negative terminal of the output of the first fault circuit, and the sixth relay is connected between the fifth relay and the negative terminal of the output of the first fault circuit. The negative terminal of the first fault circuit is connected to the BMS as the total negative terminal of the fault circuit.
[0012] As one possible implementation, the battery cell fault simulation device includes a series input / output interface for connecting to the next battery cell fault simulation device, and a connection...
[0013] The next battery cell fault simulation device has a reverse input and reverse output interface, which can connect multiple battery cell fault simulation devices in series and flexibly adjust the simulation channels according to the number of battery cells.
[0014] The battery cell fault simulation device of this invention connects to a battery cell at one end and to a BMS (Battery Management System) at the other end via a sampling line. The simulation circuit of the device is simple, including a control module and multiple fault circuits connected to the control module. Each fault circuit includes multiple relays. The control module generates control signals to control the closing and opening of the relays, thereby simulating faults such as open circuits in the battery cell series connection, open circuits in the sampling line, and reverse polarity of the sampling line. This battery cell fault simulation device can accurately and flexibly simulate faults in the connection between the battery cell and the BMS, improving the efficiency and accuracy of BMS testing. Attached Figure Description
[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.
[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery cell fault simulation device connecting the battery cell and the BMS in some embodiments of this utility model.
[0017] Figure 2 This is another structural diagram of the battery cell fault simulation device connecting the battery cell and the BMS, which is one of the embodiments of this utility model.
[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit principle of a battery cell fault simulation device according to some embodiments of the present invention.
[0019] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures
[0020] 100—Battery cell fault simulation device, 10—Control module, 21—Battery cell series line disconnection module, 22—Sampling line disconnection module, 23—Sampling line polarity reversal module, K1—First relay, K2—Second relay, K3—Third relay of the second fault circuit, K4—Fourth relay of the second fault circuit, K3′—Third relay of the third fault circuit, K4′—Fourth relay of the third fault circuit, K5—Fifth relay, K6—Sixth relay, BT0—First battery cell, BT1—Second battery cell, BT2—Third battery cell, BT15—Sixteenth battery cell, 3a—Common terminal of the third relay of the second fault circuit, 3b—Normally closed contact of the third relay of the second fault circuit, 3c—Normally open contact of the third relay of the second fault circuit, 4a—Common terminal of the fourth relay of the second fault circuit, 4b—Normally closed contact of the fourth relay of the second fault circuit, 4c—Normally open contact of the fourth relay of the second fault circuit, 3a′—Third relay of the third fault circuit The common terminal of the relay, 3b′—normally closed contact of the third relay in the third fault circuit, 3c′—normally open contact of the third relay in the third fault circuit, 4a′—common terminal of the fourth relay in the third fault circuit, 4b′—normally closed contact of the fourth relay in the third fault circuit, 4c′—normally open contact of the fourth relay, Vout0—general negative terminal of the fault circuit output, Vout0+—positive terminal of the first fault circuit output, Vout1+—positive terminal of the second fault circuit output, Vout2+—positive terminal of the third fault circuit output, Vout15+—positive terminal of the sixteenth fault circuit output. Detailed Implementation
[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0022] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in the embodiments of this utility model should have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this utility model pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar words used in the embodiments of this utility model do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word covers the element or object listed after the word and its equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are only used to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.
[0023] The specific scheme of the battery cell fault simulation device provided by this utility model is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0024] Please see Figure 1 One embodiment of the present invention provides a battery cell fault simulation device 100, one end of which is connected to a battery cell and the other end is connected to a BMS via a sampling line.
[0025] Further, please refer to Figure 2 This utility model provides a battery cell fault simulation device 100, which includes a control module 10 and multiple fault circuits 20 connected to the control module. Each fault circuit 20 contains multiple relays. The control module 10 generates control signals to control the opening and closing of the relays in each fault circuit, thereby simulating faults such as open circuit in the battery cell series line, open circuit in the sampling line, and reverse polarity of the sampling line. The relays connected to the series line are used to achieve an open circuit in the battery cell series line; the relays connected in series on the sampling line are used to achieve an open circuit in the sampling line; and the reverse polarity of the sampling line is achieved by controlling the opening and closing of different relays.
[0026] Furthermore, in this embodiment of the invention, the control module 10 of the battery cell fault simulation device 100 includes a microcontroller (MCU) or other module with a control program, used to control the closing and opening of the relay. (See also...) Figure 3 The fault circuit 20 connected to the control module 10 contains 16 fault circuits. The battery cell fault simulation device 100 can connect to 16 battery cells. Each fault circuit includes a battery cell series line disconnection module 21, a sampling line disconnection module 22, and a sampling line polarity reversal module 23.
[0027] The battery cell series circuit breaking module 21 includes a first relay K1, which is connected between the positive terminal of the second battery cell BT1 and the negative terminal of the next adjacent battery cell, namely the third battery cell BT2. The first relay K1 is a normally closed switch. The control module controls the first relay K1 to open, thereby breaking the cascade circuit between battery cells BT1 and BT2, that is, breaking the battery cell series circuit.
[0028] The battery cell sampling line disconnection module 22 includes a second relay K2, which is connected in series on the sampling line, specifically between the positive terminal of the second battery cell BT1 and the positive terminal Vout1+ of the second fault circuit output. The second relay K2 is a normally closed switch. The control module controls the second relay K2 to open, thereby disconnecting the second battery cell BT1 from the positive terminal Vout1+ of the second fault circuit output, i.e., disconnecting the sampling line.
[0029] The sampling line polarity reversal module 23 includes a third relay K3 and a fourth relay K4, as well as a third relay K3′ and a fourth relay K4′ for the next adjacent fault circuit, namely the third fault circuit.
[0030] Specifically, the normally closed contact 3b of the third relay K3 is connected to the positive terminal of the second battery cell BT1, the normally open contact 3c of the third relay K3 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery cell BT2 in the next adjacent third fault circuit, the common terminal 3a of the third relay K3 is connected to the normally closed contact 4b of the fourth relay K4, the normally open contact 4c of the fourth relay K4 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery cell BT0 in the previous adjacent first fault circuit, and the common terminal 4a of the fourth relay K4 is connected to the second relay K2. The control module controls the normally closed contact 3b of the third relay K3 to open and the normally open contact 3c to close, and the normally closed contact 4b' of the fourth relay K4' in the next adjacent third fault circuit to open and the normally open contact 4c' to close, so as to realize the polarity reversal of the sampling lines of adjacent fault circuits and the second and third fault circuits.
[0031] Furthermore, the fault circuit 20 in the battery cell fault simulation device 100 also includes a fifth relay K5 and a sixth relay K6. The fifth relay K5 is connected between the negative terminal of the first battery cell BTO and the negative terminal Vout0- of the first fault circuit output terminal. The sixth relay K6 is connected between the fifth relay K5 and the negative terminal Vout0- of the first fault circuit output terminal. The negative terminal Vout0- of the first fault circuit is connected to the BMS as the total negative terminal of the fault circuit 20.
[0032] Furthermore, the battery cell fault simulation device 100 also includes a series input and series output interface for connecting to the next battery cell fault simulation device, and a reverse input and reverse output interface for connecting to the next battery cell fault simulation device, which can connect multiple battery cell fault simulation devices in series and flexibly adjust the simulation channels according to the number of battery cells.
[0033] In summary, the battery cell fault simulation device proposed in this invention connects one end to a battery cell and the other end to the BMS via a sampling line. It can simulate faults such as cascaded open circuits in battery cells, open circuits in the sampling line, and reverse polarity of the sampling line. It offers high fault coverage, fast fault response, and a simple simulation circuit structure, making it easy to operate. Furthermore, the number of test channels can be flexibly adjusted according to the number of battery cells, improving testing efficiency.
[0034] Furthermore, although the circuit structure features of this invention are described in a specific combination in the accompanying drawings, this does not require or imply that the structure of this invention must be constructed in that combination, or that all the modules shown must be applied to achieve the desired result.
[0035] While the spirit and principles of this invention have been described with reference to several specific embodiments, it should be understood that this invention is not limited to the disclosed specific embodiments, and the division of aspects does not imply that features in these aspects cannot be combined for benefit; such division is merely for ease of description. This invention is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. The scope of the appended claims is to be interpreted in the broadest sense, thereby encompassing all such modifications and equivalent structures and functions.
Claims
1. A battery cell fault simulation device, characterized in that, It includes a control module and multiple fault circuits connected to the control module, each fault circuit containing multiple relays; The battery cell fault simulation device is connected to the battery cell at one end and to the BMS at the other end via a sampling line. The control module generates control signals to control the closing and opening of the relay, simulating faults such as open circuit in the series line of a battery cell, open circuit in the sampling line, and reverse polarity of the sampling line.
2. The battery cell fault simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control module of the battery cell fault simulation device is a microcontroller; The battery cell fault simulation device includes 16 fault circuits. One battery cell fault simulation device can connect 16 battery cells. Each fault circuit includes a battery cell series line break module, a sampling line break module, and a sampling line polarity reversal module.
3. The battery cell fault simulation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The battery cell series line disconnection module includes a first relay, which is connected to the battery cell series line, that is, between the positive terminal of the battery cell and the negative terminal of the adjacent battery cell. The control module controls the first relay to disconnect, thereby simulating a battery cell series line disconnection fault.
4. The battery cell fault simulation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sampling line disconnection module includes a second relay, which is connected in series on the sampling line and between the positive terminal of the battery cell and the positive terminal of the output of the fault circuit. The control module controls the second relay to disconnect, thereby simulating the sampling line disconnection fault.
5. The battery cell fault simulation device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The sampling line polarity reversal module includes a third relay and a fourth relay, as well as a third relay and a fourth relay for the next adjacent fault circuit. The normally closed contact of the third relay is connected to the positive terminal of the battery cell, and the normally open contact of the third relay is connected to the negative terminal of the battery in the next adjacent fault circuit. The common terminal of the third relay is connected to the normally closed contact of the fourth relay, and the normally open contact of the fourth relay is connected to the positive terminal of the battery cell in the previous adjacent fault circuit. The common terminal of the fourth relay is connected to the second relay. The control module controls the normally closed contact of the third relay to open and the normally open contact to close, and the normally closed contact of the fourth relay in the next adjacent fault circuit to open and the normally open contact to close, so as to realize the simulation of the polarity reversal fault of the adjacent channel sampling line.
6. The battery cell fault simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fault circuit of the battery cell fault simulation device includes a fifth relay and a sixth relay. The fifth relay is connected between the negative terminal of the first battery and the negative terminal of the first fault circuit output. The sixth relay is connected between the fifth relay and the negative terminal of the first fault circuit output. The negative terminal of the first fault circuit is connected to the BMS as the total negative terminal of the fault circuit.
7. The battery cell fault simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery cell fault simulation device includes an input / output interface for connecting to the next battery cell fault simulation device, and a reverse input / output interface for connecting to the next battery cell fault simulation device. Multiple battery cell fault simulation devices can be connected in series, and the simulation channels can be flexibly adjusted according to the number of battery cells.