Buildings with a heating system and procedures with a manual allocation step

Abstract

Buildings with a heating system comprising at least one CO2-free heat generator, in particular designed as a solar thermal system, a first conventional heat generator, in particular designed as a stove and / or wood-burning stove, and a second conventional heat generator, in particular designed as a gas burner, characterized by an unused space which absorbs energy as a heat storage medium via a heat exchanger of the heating system, wherein an unused space is understood to be an empty space, and wherein the first conventional heat generator is located in a usable space of the building.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a building with a heating system according to claim 1 and a method with a manual allocation step according to claim 9.

[0002] Buildings with heating systems that include a solar system and an internal wood-burning stove may be known from the state of the art.

[0003] German patent application DE 10 2011 106 022 A1 relates to a hot water generation, storage and distribution device and a method for storing and distributing hot water with variable or selectable temperature, wherein the device comprises: a multi-zone water storage device for storing water in zones of different temperatures, in particular stratified storage tanks, with a cold water zone with a cold water connection, a hot water zone with a hot water connection, and at least one warm water zone with a hot water connection; a hot water generation device for generating water with variable temperature and / or variable water quantity, in particular a solar thermal system; a hot water consumption device;A pipe bus system with at least three water pipes, wherein a cold water pipe is connected to the cold water connection, a hot water pipe is connected to the hot water connection, and at least one hot water pipe is connected to the hot water connection or one of the hot water connections; a control device for controlling the operation of the device, in particular for controlling the mixed operation when hot water is supplied by the hot water generation device and / or for controlling the mixed operation when hot water is drawn off by the heat consumption device; a feed-in mixing device which is connected to all pipes of the pipe bus system and which feeds the hot water produced by the hot water generation device into the hot water pipe and / or the at least one hot water pipe under the control of the control device;and a mixing unit that is connected to all lines of the line bus system and draws the hot water required for the hot water consumption device from the hot water line and / or at least one hot water line under the control of the control unit.

[0004] German patent application DE 10 2009 013 739 A1 discloses a method for controlling the energy supply of a heating system with several possible connected energy sources, as well as a control device for a heating system. The method for controlling the energy supply of a heating system with several possible connected energy sources includes determining at least one piece of current information relevant for selecting an energy source, and then, taking this information into account, determining and using at least one current, most suitable energy source.

[0005] German patent application DE 10 2007 002 877 A1 relates to a heating system with a first burner that can be operated with a first fuel, with a heat exchanger through which a liquid medium flows, which is heated by the heat emitted by the first burner, and with a discharge pipe that carries away a gas heated by the first burner. The heating system disclosed in German patent application DE 10 2007 002 877 A1 has a second burner that can be operated independently of the first burner and with a second fuel different from the first fuel, wherein this second burner transfers heat at least partially to the heat exchanger.

[0006] The German patent application DE 27 21 301 A1 relates to a heating system for residential buildings, hospitals, commercial buildings, etc., consisting of a central heating boiler and at least one radiator connected to the boiler via a circulating pipe system, wherein the building is equipped with a secondary heating source.

[0007] Swiss patent CH 188 567 A relates to a cooking and heating stove in which the heating gases can be largely utilized for both cooking purposes and for the preparation of hot water for heating purposes.

[0008] German patent application DE 10 2010 009 081 A1 discloses a heat utilization system with several heat sources, each of which is preceded by a jet pump. The heat sources are connected to a heat transfer fluid circulation system that has a single central circulation pump or circulation pump unit.

[0009] Austrian utility model AT 008 552 U1 discloses a device for a biomass heating system, a buffer storage tank, a solar collector, a cooling system, and a fuel storage unit. The device serves to optimally and automatically supply a building with heating, cooling, and / or domestic hot water. Due to its design, the device constitutes a mobile heating and air conditioning unit for installation close to the building. A stable base element is assembled with a ceiling element and at least three load-bearing wall elements to form an energy supply chamber. One wall forms a solar collector surface. This results in an insulated space for storing biomass fuel, heating and / or cooling devices, a buffer storage tank, and the control and regulating equipment. Additionally, generators can be provided for power supply.A partition wall or intermediate ceiling separates the fuel storage area from the equipment room. A transport device ensures a controlled supply of fuel to the heating system.

[0010] German patent DE 195 27 830 C2 relates to a method for operating a heating system and to the heating system itself. It consists of a main heating system and at least one switchable auxiliary heating system. The flow and return lines of the consumer circuits are routed through the auxiliary heating system and the main heating system, with the heat energy from the auxiliary heating system being transferred via heat exchangers. The auxiliary heating system operates with switchable priority or in parallel with the main heating system. In priority mode, the return line to the main heating system is shut off, and the controlled flame ignition in the main heating system, which is operated with fossil fuels, is interrupted, while the control of the consumer circuits is maintained.

[0011] German patent application DE 10 2017 108 420 A1 discloses a heating system comprising a first heat generator, a second heat generator comprising a solid fuel boiler, and a control device comprising a special level function for controlling at least the first heat generator, wherein the first and the second heat generator are arranged in a common heating circuit with at least one heat consumer.In order to provide a heating system and a method for operating a heating system that consistently enables clean, complete and efficient combustion of fuels, exhibits low fuel consumption and high operational efficiency, enables long-lasting, corrosion-free operation of the heating system, and is also particularly compact in design and particularly inexpensive to manufacture and provide, it is provided that a thermostat arranged on the solid fuel boiler is connected to the control device for triggering the special level function and that the entire heating circuit is formed without a buffer storage tank.

[0012] German patent application DE 10 2010 056 300 A1 relates to a method for optimizing the settings of a heating control system for a heating and / or hot water system with two series-connected and controllable heat generators for heating a room with a heating circuit. After specifying the desired heating temperature for the heating circuit of the room to be heated and the cost parameters to be optimized for the two heat generators, the outside temperature around the room to be heated and the return temperature from the heating circuit to the first of the two heat generators are determined. Subsequently, a first flow temperature for the first heat generator is selected between the determined return temperature and the desired heating temperature, and the total operating costs for the heating and / or hot water system are calculated using the specified and determined values.Furthermore, the patent application discloses that a method and a heating and / or hot water preparation system are provided with which the flow setpoint temperature of the first heat generator can be set in an optimized manner.

[0013] German patent application DE 10 2012 102 931 A1 discloses a water-based solar thermal system in which heat pipe collectors are used as solar thermal collectors. The solar thermal system is equipped with a control unit that, as soon as the temperature in the manifolds of the heat pipe collectors falls below a certain temperature value above the freezing point of water, uses an antifreeze pump to extract warm water from the bottom layer of a stratified storage tank and supply it to the heat pipe collectors, while simultaneously removing cold water from the heat pipe collectors. In the event of a power failure, an emergency power supply is activated, ensuring continued water circulation by powering a battery that operates both the control unit and the circulation pump. The solar thermal system is particularly suitable for supplementing heating systems, but it can also be used in industrial waste heat recovery systems or as a stand-alone system.The solar system achieves higher efficiencies than previous solar systems, and reliably prevents the water in the collectors from freezing in frosty conditions without the use of conventional heating energy.

[0014] German patent application DE 10 2004 041 669 A1 relates to a hot water heating system with a combustion chamber featuring a heat exchanger, in which the hot water circuit of the hot water consumers is supplied via the heat exchanger's output side. The combustion chamber's heat exchanger is designed as a steam generator, to whose steam output a steam-driven engine is connected. A further heat exchanger for condensing the exhaust steam is connected to the exhaust steam outlet of this engine. This further heat exchanger serves to transfer heat to the hot water circuit. A condensate collector is connected to this heat exchanger, from which the condensate is returned to the steam generator via a return line, forming a closed liquid circuit.

[0015] These heating systems, when combined, have the disadvantage of not operating optimally during the transitional seasons of spring and autumn. The solar thermal system either doesn't yet provide the necessary output during these times of year or would have to be so oversized that it would deliver significantly too much heat to the building in summer. Conventional wood-burning stoves are difficult to operate during these seasons because they are hard to regulate. This would either lead to increased fuel consumption and / or incomplete combustion, as conventional wood-burning stoves only vent sufficiently through the chimney at low outside temperatures.

[0016] The object of the invention is to provide a more efficient heating system and a method, and in particular to ensure the security of the building's heat supply, especially throughout the year. This object is achieved by claims 1 and 9, with embodiments and further developments being described in the features of the dependent claims.

[0017] In one aspect of the invention, the invention refers to a building with a heating system, wherein the heating system comprises at least one CO2-free heat generator, in particular designed as a solar system, and a first conventional heat generator, in particular designed as a stove and / or wood stove, arranged in a usable room of the building.

[0018] It is proposed that the heating system include a second conventional heat generator, specifically a gas burner. This would equip the heating system with a heat generator that can be used efficiently, particularly during the transitional seasons, i.e., in spring and autumn.

[0019] Preferably, the heating system is designed for a building, with a maximum output range between that of a small one-room apartment and a large factory. This means that one system's maximum output can supply heat to a small one-room apartment, while another's maximum output can supply heat to the large factory. The heating system can also supply heat to only parts of a building. A "CO2-free heat generator" is defined as one in which the energy for the heat is generated through a conversion process that does not emit CO2. Examples of CO2-free heat generators include solar thermal systems, heat pumps, and electric heating powered by CO2-free electricity.A CO2-free heat generator is not to be understood as a gas burner, an oil burner, a furnace, a wood-burning stove, and / or an electric heater powered by electricity generated through CO2-emitting processes. A "usable space" is to be understood as a room in a building containing at least one object that can be used by a occupant. Doors, windows, light switches, and electrical outlets are not considered objects. A room containing only the heating system or that is empty is not a usable space. A conventional heat generator is to be understood as a heat generator that converts carbon-containing materials, in particular oil, gas, and / or wood, into heat. In particular, the heating system is designed as a cohesive unit. Preferably, the heating system includes, for example, heat generators that are completely physically separated from other parts of the heating system.

[0020] Advantageously, the heating system features a cooking area located within a usable room of the building. This allows the output of the heat generators to be reduced during operation. A cooking area can be understood as a heated space on and / or in, preferably, an oven or a stove.

[0021] Furthermore, it is proposed that the heating system has at least one heating circuit which, through a physical connection to the cooktop, absorbs at least a portion of the energy generated by the cooktop. This advantageous embodiment allows the excess energy from the cooktop to be efficiently diverted into the heating system's heating circuit, enabling a central distribution point to further distribute the energy and thus allowing the output of the heat generators to be throttled. Preferably, the physical connection to the cooktop is designed as a pipe section into which cold water can be introduced and from which hot water can be discharged during operation. "Partial of the generated energy" is understood to mean a percentage of at least ten and at most 90 percent of the total energy generated by the cooktop.Preferably, the heating system has at least two, in particular at least four, and most advantageously at least eight heating circuits, wherein a part of exactly one heating circuit supplies heat to a room, preferably a usable space.

[0022] Furthermore, it is proposed that the heating system include a third and / or fourth conventional heat generator, located either inside or outside a usable room of the building, and specifically designed as a stove and / or wood-burning stove. By including a third and / or fourth conventional heat generator, a more variable heat distribution within the building can be provided, in contrast to a forced-air distribution system.

[0023] In a further embodiment of the invention, it is proposed that the heating system comprises at least two heat exchangers arranged within two usable rooms of the building, one of which is designed as a radiator and the other as an underfloor heating system. This particular embodiment makes it possible to design the heating system in such a way that different rooms in the building can be efficiently supplied with heat without requiring major structural modifications to the building. A heat exchanger is understood to be, in particular, an element or device that transfers heat from one medium to another.

[0024] The heating system advantageously comprises a power supply unit and an electronic assembly for controlling and / or regulating at least one heat generator, wherein the power supply unit enables the electronic assembly to operate independently of the mains power supply. This allows the heating system to supply the building with heat even in the event of a power outage. Preferably, the power supply unit provides the heating system with electrical energy. Preferably, the electronic assembly is arranged on one heat generator. Particularly preferably, the electronic assembly is arranged on the second conventional heat generator and, in particular, controls and / or regulates it.

[0025] The heating system advantageously comprises a power supply unit, a pump, and at least one heating circuit, wherein the pump has a motor that circulates a fluid of the heating circuit, and the motor can be operated independently of the mains power supply unit. This allows the heating system to efficiently supply the building with heat even in the event of a power outage. Preferably, the fluid is a liquid, particularly advantageously water.

[0026] Furthermore, it is proposed that the power supply unit include a local energy supply unit, which may be configured as a photovoltaic system, a generator (particularly a diesel generator), and / or a battery. By including a local energy supply unit configured as a photovoltaic system, a generator, and / or a battery, it is advantageously possible to bridge a long power outage (> 1 hour), thus ensuring a heat supply from the heating system even during a power outage.

[0027] The building has a heating system and an unused room which absorbs energy via a heat exchanger from the heating system, acting as a thermal storage medium. This makes it possible to use the unused room as additional insulation against the cold in winter or to channel excess energy, for example from the solar thermal system, into the unused room in summer, ensuring that the hot water storage tank of the heating system does not exceed a certain temperature (> 90°C). An unused room is defined as an empty space.

[0028] In a further aspect of the invention, a method is proposed which assigns the operating state of at least one heat generator predominantly manually. This eliminates the need for complex control algorithms. Predominantly manual assignment of the operating state means that switching on and off is performed manually by an operator, whereby after a switch-on operation by the user, the heat generator itself checks whether operation is possible or not. If a switch-off operation is performed by the user, the heat generator is switched off without a self-check.

Claims

[1] Buildings with a heating system comprising at least one CO2-free heat generator, in particular designed as a solar thermal system, a first conventional heat generator, in particular designed as a furnace and / or wood-burning stove, and a second conventional heat generator, in particular designed as a gas burner, characterized by an unused space which absorbs energy as a heat storage medium through a heat exchanger of the heating system, wherein an unused space is understood to be an empty space, wherein the first conventional heat generator is located in a usable space of the building. [2] Building according to claim 1, characterized by that the heating system includes a cooking area located within a usable room of the building. [3] Building according to claim 2, characterized bythat the heating system has at least one heating circuit which, through a physical connection of the cooktop, absorbs at least some of the energy generated in the cooktop. [4] Buildings according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by that the heating system includes a third and / or fourth conventional heat generator, in particular arranged in or outside a usable room of the building and in particular designed as a stove and / or wood stove. [5] Buildings according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by that the heating system has at least two heat exchangers arranged within two usable rooms of the building, one of which is designed as a radiator and the other as underfloor heating. [6] Buildings according to any of the preceding claims, characterized bythat the heating system has a power supply unit and an electronic assembly for controlling and / or regulating at least one heat generator, wherein the power supply unit enables the electronic assembly to be operated independently of the mains. [7] Building according to one of claims 1, 2, 4 or 5, characterized by that the heating system comprises a power supply unit, a pump and at least one heating circuit, wherein the pump has a motor which transports a fluid of the heating circuit, wherein the motor can be operated independently of the mains supply unit. [8] Building according to claim 6 or 7, characterized by that the power supply unit includes a local power supply unit, which is designed as a photovoltaic system, a generator and / or a battery. [9] Method comprising a predominantly manual assignment step of the operating state of at least one heat generator of a heating system of a building according to any one of claims 1 to 8.