External voltage

Abstract

The machine according to my invention 1.1 has the following features: 1.2 and 1.2.1 a tripping unit which trips when the tool 1.8 encounters an external voltage, 1.3 an indicator showing which voltage or voltages caused the tripping, 1.4 the tripping reset mechanism; without the reset, the machine 1.1 cannot be restarted, 1.5 and 1.7 measuring points to verify that the protective conductor and the surge arrester have continuity to the connection 3.2.1 and 3.2.2, 1.8 the tool is designed such that an electrical connection exists from the tripping units 1.2 or 1.2.1 to the residual current circuit breakers in the distribution boards 3.5.1 to 3.5.6.

Description

Electrical cables and lines are protected from damage. Nevertheless, they are damaged or severed by machines.This is intended to prevent "external voltage" by my invention. For this purpose, 1.1, trip units, 1.2 and 1.2.1, are to be installed in the corresponding machines according to my invention. If it detects an external voltage, they release the damaged cable and then the causing machine.It is assumed that the cables and the machine are monitored with a residual current circuit breaker.Description:It is not always known where electric cables have been laid. Thus, undesired damage to these cables and lines can occur. It does not necessarily have to be noted that cables have been damaged.In order to keep these damage as low as possible, I proposed to equip corresponding machines, 1.1, with a triggering unit, 1.2. This triggering unit detects external voltages. If it has detected an external voltage, it switches off the external voltage primarily and then its own voltage. This sequence implies that the cable concerned is also disconnected. A different sequence would also be possible. There is the risk that the damaged cable will not be freely switched. Localization is thus almost impossible.The machines which cause such damage are typical hand-held machinery such as wall mills, hammer drills, parting cutters and saws. However, machines for the forest and garden sector also meet electric cables, such as hedge trimmers and lawn mowers.Up to now they have been designed as protective-insulated appliances with the class II of protection, without protective conductors, often also provided with double insulation. This is completely sufficient for personal protection. However, it is not for protecting the existing cables and lines,The advantage of my invention is that the voltages are turned off at contact. However, the prerequisite is that the causative machine and the cable concerned are provided with a residual current circuit breaker (FI, RCD) in the circuit distributor (SCV) 3.5.1 to 3.5.6. The trip unit 1.2 generates a trip current such that first the damaged cable or line is tripped by its own FI. Thereafter, the FI of the originating machine is triggered.The machine indicates by which voltage it was triggered. The voltages 230 / 400 V can be AC, as well as low voltages AC, DC, 3.8.2 to 3.8.6.Power grids without FI, 3.5.6, where owners and operators want to access "inventory protection" and not to install FI, are only limitedly protected by my invention, 1.1. If the tool, 1.8, encounters a cable without FI, 3.8.6, the cable is damaged, possibly severed, but only the machine with my invention, 1.1, is switched off. A corresponding display appears, 1.3.Cables and lines from the network, telephone, antennas or warning systems are also not protected by an FI. This makes use of shielding. Here too, only the power supply of the originating machine is switched off, the display 1.3 displays the corresponding voltage and cable type.The display 1.3 indicates which voltage caused triggering. This facilitates the search for the cable or cables. If several voltages occur, this will be indicated as well. The cables in the cable bundle do not always have to come from an SCV.The "reset", 1.4, of the machine has the meaning that the operation has to be intentionally interrupted.The trip units, 1.2 and 1.2.1, must be able to trip any type of FI, 3.7.2-3.7.5.The shutdown, 1.5, of the trip units, 1.2 and 1.2.1, is necessary if it is known that the electrically conductive parts are located in the cut and cut-off region. These can be parts in which leakage currents are intentionally caused to flow. For example, the leakage currents of the frequency converters during startup.The disconnection of the leakage currents from the protective conductor currents, 3.1.1, 3.1.2, 3.2.1 and 3.2.2, has become absolutely necessary. Reference is made here to the utility model 20 2021 000 975 and must be taken into account in the triggering units 1.2 and 1.2.1.Because of the numerous possibilities for producing the triggering units 1.2 and 1.2.1, no further details will be given here. This is the task of the manufacturers of the trip units 1.2 and 1.2.1.The measurement points, 1.5 and 1.7, are necessary to establish the functions of the protection and arresters. This is taken from my utility model 20 2021,000 975.Devices according to 1.1, which are operated with a rechargeable battery, must also have a triggering unit for rechargeable battery operation 1.2.1. This triggering unit, 1.2.1, meets the same criteria as 1.2. It, 1.2.1, is also able to trigger the foreign and own FI. 1.1 my invention, electrical device, 230 / 400 V AC, DC or with battery operation or with low voltage 1.2 trip unit, triggers external and dedicated FI from 1.2.1 trip unit, suitable for battery operation, otherwise such as 1.2 1.3 display, operating state, trip 230 V, trip low voltage and after AC or DC 1.4 resetting of trip 1.5 trip unit inoperative 1.6 measurement point PEN, PE 1.7 measurement point discharge currents tool, electrically conductive, replaceable, with 1.8 PE, PEN connection, must be able to detect external voltage and forward 2.1 electrical connection, with SL and arrester 2.2 insulating piece, transmission, motor 2.3 devices whose cable / lines can be cut through 2.3.2 device, SK I 2.3.3 device with isolation transformer 2.3.4 device with galvanic isolation 2.3.5 device with isolation transformer 2.3.6 device SK II 2.3.7 device SK I 3. power network 3.1 transformer network operator 3.3.1 terminal box or direct cable 3.2 house connection 3.3 meter cabinet with meter and distribution 3.4. Electricity meter 3.5 Electrical Circuit Distributor (SCV) 3.6 House connection 3.7 Residual Current Circuit Breaker 3.7. 1 to 4 residual current circuit breakers of type A 3.7.5 residual current circuit breakers of type B 3.8.2 to 6 corresponding cables or lines

Claims

Claim, characterized in that an electrically operated machine, 1.1, switches itself off when it meets live cables or lines. It must likewise be that this machine, 1.1, disconnects the cable or line with the external voltage.A protective claim, characterized in that a trip unit, 1.2 or 1.2.1, is arranged in the machine. These trip units recognize that an external voltage is applied to the tool, 1.

8. The trip units are to be constructed in such a way that the trip unit detects extraneous voltages, currents and frequencies. Furthermore, the trip units, 1.2; 1.2.1, must be able to automatically trip the FI of the external voltage and of its own voltage, 3.5.1 to 3.5.6.Claim is characterized in that a display, 1.3, indicates the reason for triggering.Claim, characterized in that the devices, 1.1, receive a separate measuring and testing point, 1.6; 1.

7. This centrally located point serves for measuring and testing purposes for the protection and arrester up to the grounding elements 3.2.1 and 3.2.2.The protective claim is characterized in that the triggering unit detects leakage currents and then automatically switches off its own voltage supply. A message "leakage current" is necessary.Claim, characterized in that the engine 1.1 is prevented from being powered on again by making a reset, 1.4.

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