brick

Abstract

Brick (100), in particular a hollow brick, comprising webs (101, 102) for forming at least one inner hole, wherein the at least one is or are filled with a foam material, characterized in that a surface of the brick forming the inner hole or holes is provided with a baked-on protective layer.

Description

Technical field

[0001] The invention relates to a brick, in particular a hollow brick. Such a brick can be used, for example, to construct a wall, especially an exterior wall, of a building. Furthermore, the invention relates to the use of a brick. State of the art

[0002] Various perforated bricks with enhanced thermal insulation properties are known in the prior art. One known method is to fill the cavities with thermal insulation materials.

[0003] One well-known example is perforated bricks whose cavities are filled with mineral wool. Due to various disadvantages of such perforated bricks, another known method involves filling them with a mineral or cement foam, which is injected into the internal cavities and hardens there at room temperature. In its hardened state, the cement foam has a porous structure that allows for the production of perforated bricks with low thermal conductivity.

[0004] A known device for filling a hollow brick with such a foam material is described in publication DE 10 2019 211 428 A1. Although the device and the corresponding method have proven successful and the products manufactured with them meet the required thermal insulation properties, there is a need to further improve the quality of a brick filled with a foam material. Description of the invention

[0005] Accordingly, the task is to provide a brick filled with a foam material that has a high-quality foam structure and thus potentially improved thermal insulation properties.

[0006] Claim 1 provides a corresponding brick. Further preferred embodiments are listed in the dependent claims and / or described below.

[0007] The brick, preferably designed as a hollow brick, includes webs that form at least one internal cavity. This internal cavity is filled with a foam material. Furthermore, a surface of the brick forming the internal cavity has a fired-on protective layer.

[0008] The protective layer acts as a barrier on the surface of the brick, preventing moisture from penetrating it. Moisture can be particularly problematic when the brick is filled with the aforementioned foam material, which hardens after being poured into the inner cavity(ies). The protective layer prevents the brick material from being affected by moisture from the foam. Furthermore, it promotes the formation of a high-quality foam structure.

[0009] The brick can also have several internal holes, each filled with a foam material and whose surfaces have a protective layer.

[0010] Preferably, the protective layer is a glaze. This can be formed or fixed during the firing process.

[0011] It is preferred that the glaze be a ceramic glaze. A ceramic glaze provides a particularly advantageous barrier layer and can be suitablely formed on the surface of the brick during its manufacture.

[0012] The glaze ideally has a firing temperature of 800-1000°C. This allows the firing of the glaze and the firing of the brick to be combined into a single firing process.

[0013] According to another embodiment, the protective layer can be an engobe.

[0014] Furthermore, the protective layer can be fired into the surface of the brick during the firing process. This ensures a consistent quality throughout the brick's production. The barrier layer provided by the glaze can also be of high quality.

[0015] The surface of the brick forming an inner hole can be completely wetted with the glaze and thus form a corresponding barrier layer.

[0016] It is preferred that the inner cavity, or at least one of the inner cavities, preferably the inner cavities, of the masonry unit are filled with a mineral foam or a cement foam. The mineral or cement foam gives the masonry unit improved thermal insulation properties and is environmentally friendly. Furthermore, excellent sound insulation and fire protection properties are ensured.

[0017] It is preferred that the foam material is designed such that, in its wet state, it has a density of 60-250 g / liter, preferably 120-180 g / liter. The "wet state" here refers to a time window in which the foam material has not yet cured or has not yet significantly cured. Such a foam material is easy to process and proves to be particularly advantageous in its cured state, especially with regard to the pore structure of the foam material, which is preferred for its thermal insulation properties.

[0018] It is preferred that the webs comprise one or more inner webs, and it is preferred that the inner web or webs of the brick have a cross-sectional width in the range of 15-18 mm.

[0019] Depending on the number of internal webs, the brick may have internal holes, in particular 10 or more. The brick could, for example, be a 36 cm or 42 cm brick.

[0020] According to another aspect, the invention relates to the use of the brick according to one of the preceding aspects for the construction of a wall, in particular an exterior wall of a building. Brief description of the drawing Fig. Figure 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a brick according to an embodiment of the invention. Description of embodiments

[0021] The invention is explained in more detail below using an illustrative embodiment.

[0022] The embodiment relates to a perforated brick 100 (as an example of a brick) which has a plurality of internal holes that are to be filled with a foam material. According to a modification, a perforated brick can also have only one internal hole.

[0023] The perforated brick 100 comprises outer webs 101 (with and without interlocking) and several inner webs 102, which are arranged such that the inner holes are formed. A heat flow direction of the perforated brick 100 installed in a wall runs from an outer web without interlocking to the opposite side of the perforated brick 100.

[0024] A ceramic glaze 110 is applied to the surfaces forming the internal holes; this glaze was fired directly during the firing process of the perforated brick 100. During manufacturing, the glaze is applied to the brick blank, for example, by guiding the glaze through the internal holes, particularly by allowing it to flow vertically through the holes, or by spraying the glaze onto the surfaces of the brick blank's internal holes using one or more nozzles. Any glaze material that may escape from the internal holes during application can be collected and reused.

[0025] A foam material, in the described embodiment a cement or mineral foam, is inserted into the inner holes of the fired perforated brick 100. The foam material rests against the glaze 110 of the perforated brick 100.

[0026] The production of the perforated brick 100 can be carried out as follows.

[0027] First, the unfired hollow brick (blank) is placed on a support element so that the inner holes are aligned vertically. Next, glaze 110 is applied to the inner holes of the blank in such a way that the surface forming each inner hole is coated with glaze 110. Any glaze material that may squeeze out of the inner holes during application can be collected and reused.

[0028] The blank is then processed at a firing temperature in the range of 800-1000°C, so that the glaze is fired into the respective surface.

[0029] The hardened and at least partially cooled perforated brick 100 is now filled with the aforementioned foam material. For this purpose, a cap element can be placed on one side of the perforated brick 100, and the foam material can be inserted into the inner holes, the surfaces of which have the glaze 110. The foam material has such a structure that it remains at least partially in the inner holes, while the glaze 110 prevents moisture from penetrating the brick material.

[0030] The foam material incorporated into the perforated brick 100 then fully cures in a resting area of ​​the production plant. The glaze 110 forms a barrier layer between the foam material and the brick material of the perforated brick, thus preventing moisture from penetrating the brick material. The perforated brick 100 remains on the support element during this curing process.

[0031] The foam material protruding from the top of the 100 mm hollow brick is removed either while still in its uncured state or once cured, in particular by scraping or brushing. During the initial curing phase, however, the protruding foam material also serves to compensate for any potential shrinkage, ensuring that even after the foam has cured, there are no or only negligible voids on the top surface of the brick.

[0032] Although the described embodiment provides a protective layer in the form of a glaze, according to another embodiment the protective layer can also be formed by engobing. It is also possible to form a combined protective layer. QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents cited by the applicant was automatically generated and is included solely for the reader's convenience. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] DE 10 2019 211 428 A1

[0004]

Claims

[1] Brick (100), in particular hollow brick, comprising webs (101, 102) for forming at least one inner hole, wherein at least one of these is or are filled with a foam material, characterized by , that a surface of the brick forming the inner hole or holes is provided with a baked-on protective layer. [2] Brick (100) according to claim 1, wherein the brick has several internal holes, each of which is filled with a foam material and whose surfaces have a protective layer. [3] Brick (100) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the protective layer is a glaze (110). [4] Brick (100) according to claim 3, wherein the glaze (110) is a ceramic glaze. [5] Brick (100) according to one of claims 3-4, wherein the glaze (110) has a firing temperature of 800-1000°C. [6] Brick (100) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the protective layer is an engobe. [7] Brick (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the protective layer is fired into the surface of the brick (100) during the firing of the brick. [8] Brick (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the surface of the brick forming an internal hole is completely wetted with the protective layer. [9] Brick (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the inner hole or at least one of the inner holes is or are filled with a mineral foam or a cement foam. [10] Brick (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the foam material is designed such that it has a density of 60-250 g / liter, preferably 120-180 g / liter, when wet. [11] Brick (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the webs comprise one or more internal webs (102). [12] Brick (100) according to claim 11, wherein the inner web or webs of the brick have a cross-sectional width in the range of 15-18mm. [13] Use of a brick (100), in particular a hollow brick, for the construction of a wall, wherein the brick (100) comprises webs (101, 102) for the formation of one or more internal holes, wherein a surface of the brick (100) forming an internal hole has a fired-on protective layer.

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