Residential building modules for modular construction of living space

Abstract

Residential building module (1000) for modular construction of living space, comprising: - a base plate (1002); - Side walls (1006, 1008, 1010, 1012), wherein each of the side walls (1006, 1008, 1010, 1012) comprises at least one side wall element (1014, 1016, 1018, 1020); - at least one load-bearing element (1022, 1024, 1026), wherein the at least one load-bearing element (1022, 1024, 1026) is in force-receiving operative connection with the base plate (1002); - wherein at least once two adjacent side wall elements (1014, 1016, 1018, 1020) are spaced apart from at least one of the side walls (1006, 1008, 1010, 1012) by a spacing (1028, 1030, 1032, 1034) extending from the base plate (1002) between the two adjacent side wall elements (1014, 1016, 1018, 1020); - wherein the at least one load-bearing element (1022, 1024, 1026) extends in the spacing (1028, 1030, 1032, 1034) and is spaced apart from the two adjacent side wall elements (1014, 1016, 1018, 1020).

Description

Technical area

[0001] The present disclosure relates to residential modules, in particular to such residential modules for a modular construction of living space. background

[0002] In the field of building construction, modular construction has long been a recognized method of creating living space quickly and efficiently.

[0003] The development of brick-based residential modules combines the recognized advantages of solid construction with industrial prefabrication and modular construction. Furthermore, in times of skilled labor shortages in the construction industry, production is transferred to an industrial infrastructure, leading to higher quality and increased efficiency in the production process, thus enabling shorter construction project and building construction times. Short description

[0004] The present invention provides a device according to the independent claim. Preferred embodiments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.

[0005] Residential module for a modular construction of living space, comprising a floor slab, side walls, wherein each of the side walls comprises at least one side wall element, at least one load-bearing element, wherein the at least one load-bearing element is in force-absorbing operative connection with the floor slab, wherein at least once two adjacent side wall elements of at least one of the side walls are spaced from one another by a spacing extending from the floor slab between the two adjacent side wall elements, wherein the at least one load-bearing element extends in the spacing and at a distance from the two adjacent side wall elements.

[0006] A force-absorbing active connection means that the connection can be direct or indirect and is suitable for transferring forces acting on the load-bearing element to the floor slab and vice versa.

[0007] Residential module further comprising a ceiling plate, wherein the at least one load-bearing element extends at least as far as the ceiling plate.

[0008] In any case, the load-bearing element does not end before reaching the ceiling slab. The load-bearing element is preferably long enough to reach into the ceiling slab or extend beyond it.

[0009] Residential module, wherein two adjacent side wall elements, which are spaced apart from each other by the spacing, each comprise a brickwork.

[0010] In this embodiment, the load-bearing element extends between bricks.

[0011] Residential module, wherein of two adjacent side wall elements spaced apart from each other by the spacing, one side wall element comprises a masonry made of bricks and the other side wall element comprises at least one opening.

[0012] Residential module, wherein at least one opening is defined by bricks.

[0013] In this embodiment, the load-bearing element extends between the bricks.

[0014] Residential module, wherein the at least one opening comprises a door, a window, another opening applicable in house construction, or a combination thereof.

[0015] Residential module, wherein the at least one load-bearing element has a first end which is in force-absorbing operative connection with the floor plate, and a second end which is in force-absorbing operative connection with a fastening device for moving the residential module.

[0016] Residential module, wherein the fastening device comprises an eyelet for movement which is connected to the at least one load-bearing element.

[0017] Residential module, whereby the spacing is designed as a butt joint.

[0018] Residential module with mortared joints.

[0019] Residential module, wherein the floor slab comprises concrete, in particular reinforced concrete; or wood, in particular solid wood panels.

[0020] Residential module, wherein at least one load-bearing element is concreted into the floor slab.

[0021] Residential module, wherein the at least one load-bearing element is fastened in the floor slab with at least one steel angle and / or wood construction screws, wherein the steel angle comprises a receiving device for the load-bearing element.

[0022] Residential module, wherein the at least one load-bearing element extends beyond the ceiling slab.

[0023] Residential module, wherein the ceiling panel comprises wood, in particular solid wood panels.

[0024] Residential module, wherein the at least one load-bearing element is a threaded rod. Brief description of the drawings The Fig. 1a and Fig. 1b shows schematic representations of an exemplary indoor module and outdoor module. The Fig. 2a shows a schematic representation of several internal modules of the Fig. 1a. The Fig. 2b shows a schematic representation of an internal module of the Fig. 1a and an external module of the Fig. 1b. The Fig. 3 shows a schematic representation of an exemplary living module with a wooden floor panel. The Fig. Figure 4 shows a schematic representation of an exemplary living module with a ceiling panel. The Fig. 5a and Fig. 5b show schematic representations of exemplary arrangements of a butt joint of an interior module of the Fig. 1a and a butt joint of an external module of the Fig. 1b. The Fig. 5c and Fig. 5d show schematic representations of exemplary arrangements of a butt joint of a corner of an external module to the inside of the Fig. 1b and a corner of an inner module to the outside of the Fig. 1b. The Fig. Figure 6a shows a schematic representation of an exemplary residential module with a concrete floor slab. The Fig. Figure 6b shows a schematic representation of a ceiling slab of an exemplary residential module with a concrete floor slab. The Fig. 7a and Fig. 7b shows schematic views of an exemplary fastening of the load-bearing elements in the concrete floor slab. The Fig. Figure 8 shows a photographic view of a housing module with door. The Fig. Figure 9 shows a photographic view of a residential module with window opening and ceiling panel. The Fig. 10 shows a view of a residential module with a door and ceiling panel behind it. The Fig. 11 shows the implementation of a method for transporting a residential module.

[0025] Statements relating to one of the representations also apply accordingly to each of the other representations unless otherwise stated. Description of the drawings

[0026] Fig. 1a shows a schematic representation of an exemplary interior module of a residential module with side walls at least partially made of bricks. An interior module is understood to be a module in which several side walls (1008) and thus also their side wall elements (1014, 1016, 1018) are directed towards further residential modules. Interior modules are characterized by thinner side walls (1008) (for example, one or both long sides), whereas side walls (1020) intended to function as exterior walls (for example, one or both end walls) are thicker. Using side walls of different thicknesses allows, for example, different insulation measures to be implemented, different structural requirements to be met, and weight and / or material savings to be achieved.

[0027] Between adjacent side wall elements (1014, 1016, 1018) of one or more side walls, spacings (1028, 1030, 1032) (also called gaps) are shown. Load-bearing elements (1022, 1024, 1026) (e.g., threaded rods) extend vertically upwards from the base plate within these spacings, at least to the height of the side wall.

[0028] Fig. Figure 1b shows a schematic representation of an exemplary exterior module of a residential module with side walls at least partially made of bricks. An exterior module is understood to be a module in which several side walls (1006, 1008) and thus also their side wall elements (1014, 1016, 1018, 1020) are intended for use as exterior walls. Exterior walls are generally thicker than interior walls, for example, for thermal insulation and / or static reasons.

[0029] Between adjacent side wall elements (1014, 1016, 1018, 1020) spacings (1028, 1030, 1032) are shown, in each of which a load-bearing element (1022, 1024, 1026) (e.g. a threaded rod) runs vertically upwards from the base plate to at least the height of the side wall.

[0030] Fig. Figure 2a shows a schematic representation of several interior modules placed directly next to each other. The side walls of the interior modules can be placed essentially directly adjacent to one another; any gaps can be compensated / filled, for example, with insulating material and / or other materials. In the illustrated embodiment, the floor slab (1002) comprises a cross-laminated timber panel. Furthermore, the side walls of the interior modules shown are thinner than a side wall intended for use as an exterior wall.

[0031] Fig. 2b shows a schematic representation of an indoor module placed directly next to each other (in Fig. 2b left) and external module (in Fig. 2b right). The adjacent side walls of the inner and outer modules can be - as shown in Fig. 2b on the left - are essentially placed directly adjacent to each other; any gaps can be filled / compensated with insulating material and / or other materials, for example. In the present embodiment, the floor panel (1002) comprises a cross-laminated timber panel. Fig. The external module shown on the right in Figure 2b has a thicker side wall on the right side, which is intended for use as an external wall.

[0032] Fig. Figure 3 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment in which the floor panels (1002) of the residential modules are wood-based. The load-bearing elements (e.g., threaded rods) are connected to the floor panel via steel angle brackets with welded sleeves. The steel angle brackets themselves are connected to the floor panel via wood drilling screws (e.g., full-thread screws, countersunk head screws).

[0033] The Fig. Figure 3 shows a spacer (e.g., a gap) and a side wall element of a side wall located behind it. The load-bearing element runs vertically upwards from the base plate within the spacer. In another embodiment, the base plate (e.g., CLT panels) can contain sacrificial wood for electrical installation. For example, the base plate can also include sacrificial wood with milled grooves for electrical installation.

[0034] Fig. Figure 4 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment in which the ceiling panels (1004) of the residential modules are wood-based. As with respect to Fig. As explained in more detail in Figure 3, in another embodiment, the load-bearing element is attached to the ceiling panel using steel angles and other components (dowels, full-thread screws, countersunk screws). In another embodiment, the ceiling panel (e.g., a CLT ceiling panel) can contain sacrificial wood for electrical installations. For example, the ceiling panel can also include a sacrificial wood layer with milled grooves for the electrical installation.

[0035] Fig. 5a and Fig. 5b show schematic representations of exemplary embodiments of a spacing of an inner module of the Fig. 1a and a spacing of an external module of the Fig. 1b. As already explained above, interior and exterior modules differ in the strength (i.e., thickness) of their walls. In the present illustration, two side wall elements of each side wall are shown, separated from each other by a spacer. A load-bearing element (e.g., a threaded rod) runs in the spacer between the two side wall elements. In one embodiment, the spacer is designed as a butt joint, whereby the butt joint can be filled with mortar or provided with a screen, for example, to enable continuous, flat plastering.

[0036] Fig. 5c and Fig. 5d show schematic representations of exemplary embodiments of a spacing of an inner module of the Fig. 1a and a spacing of an external module of the Fig. 1b. In the Fig. 5c and Fig. 5d, the spacings for receiving the load-bearing element are formed between side wall elements of different side walls (1006, 1008), each forming a corner of an inner module or an outer module.

[0037] The advantages of positioning the load-bearing elements in gaps within the side walls of the housing modules, as in Fig. 5a-5d are described generally below for all embodiments. This makes it possible to prefabricate the side wall elements, which enables a modular construction of a residential module itself. The positioning of the load-bearing elements within the spacing allows forces acting on the load-bearing elements (for example, when moving a residential module due to lifting forces acting on the load-bearing elements) to be transferred directly into the floor slab, without transferring forces to the side walls. Furthermore, the positioning of the load-bearing elements in the spacing allows prestressing forces to be exerted on the side walls or their side wall elements. This can be achieved, for example, by connecting a load-bearing element to the floor slab and / or the ceiling slab in such a way that tensile forces acting between the floor slab and the ceiling slab are created.Furthermore, it is possible for the load-bearing elements not to protrude from the floor slab and / or the ceiling slab (i.e., they extend beyond the actual module). This allows residential modules to be easily "stacked". To move a residential module, the ends of the load-bearing elements that end in / on the ceiling slab are each provided with a (detachable) element, for example in the form of eyelets or hooks, to which a movement / transport device (e.g., a crane or other transport device) can engage in order to move the residential module. Once the residential module has been positioned as desired, the element to which the movement / transport device can engage can be removed again and reattached, for example for later relocation of the residential module.Furthermore, the load-bearing elements improve the stability of a residential module, allowing for larger and / or more windows, doors and / or clay / straw elements or the like to be provided.

[0038] In one embodiment, the ceiling panel can be a very thin layer of material (e.g., sufficient for laying cables and wires). In a special embodiment, the ceiling panel (e.g., a CLT ceiling panel) has a thickness of at least 14 cm and thus acts as an additional stiffening element for the living space module (1000). In another special embodiment, the ceiling panel (e.g., a CLT ceiling panel) has a thickness of at least 16 cm. In this case, the ceiling panel also includes sacrificial wood with milled recesses for necessary electrical wiring.

[0039] In one embodiment, the floor may be at least wood-based or made of wood, in another embodiment, the floor may be concrete-based or made of concrete.

[0040] The positioning of the load-bearing elements within the side walls of the residential modules also has the advantage that the tensioning elements (i.e. load-bearing elements) do not run in the masonry, thus making production easier.

[0041] The Fig. Figure 6a shows a schematic representation of an exemplary module for living space with at least a concrete-based floor slab for an interior module. Again, it is shown that the load-bearing elements (1022, 1024, 1026) extend at multiple spacings between adjacent side wall elements of the side walls.

[0042] The Fig. Figure 6b shows a schematic representation of a ceiling slab of an exemplary residential module with an at least concrete-based floor slab of an interior module. The ends of the load-bearing elements (1022, 1024, 1026) are shown at previously known positions. At the positions of the load-bearing elements, the residential module (1000) can be connected to a moving device for transport to various locations.

[0043] The Fig. 7a and Fig. 7b shows schematic views of exemplary fastenings of the load-bearing elements (1022, 1024, 1026) in the concrete floor slab. Fig. Figure 7a shows a section along a spacing between two adjacent side wall elements in a side wall of two adjacent interior modules. In Fig. 7b shows the spacing between two side wall elements of different side walls.

[0044] Fig. 8 shows a photographic view of a residential module (1000) with a door (1036). Two side walls (1006, 1008) are shown, wherein the side wall (1006) comprises a side wall element (1020). The side wall element (1020) comprises a door and a brick wall. The other side wall (1008) comprises three side wall elements (1014, 1016, 1018), wherein the side wall elements (1014, 1016, 1018) each comprise a brick wall. The side wall element (1020) of the side wall (1006) forms a gap (i.e., a spacing) (1028) together with the side wall element (1014) of the other side wall (1008). A load-bearing element, which is concealed by mortar in this illustration, runs in this spacing between adjacent side wall elements. The further spacings (1030, 1032) are present between the adjacent side wall elements (1016, 1018) of the side wall (1008).The spacing (1034) is again present between the side wall element (1018) and a non-visible side wall element of the rear side wall.

[0045] Fig. Figure 9 shows another photographic view of the housing module (1000) from the Fig. 8. This illustration shows the residential module (1000) as a side wall element with a large window opening. A ceiling panel is also shown, with the ends of the load-bearing elements equipped with eyelets (1038) for transporting the residential module (1000).

[0046] Fig. 10 shows another photographic view of the housing module (1000) from the Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, where it can be seen that the end walls of the residential module (1000) have a door and a large window opening.

[0047] Fig.Figure 11 shows the implementation of a method for transporting a residential module (1000). For this purpose, a moving device (1100), e.g., a stationary or mobile crane, is connected to the residential module (1000) via the load-bearing elements. The residential module (1000) can then be moved by means of a moving device. In one embodiment, eyelets are screwed to the load-bearing elements, allowing the moving device (1100) to be connected to the residential module (1000) via hooks.

Claims

[1] Residential module (1000) for a modular construction of living space, comprising: - a base plate (1002); - side walls (1006, 1008, 1010, 1012), each of the side walls (1006, 1008, 1010, 1012) comprising at least one side wall element (1014, 1016, 1018, 1020); - at least one load-bearing element (1022, 1024, 1026), wherein the at least one load-bearing element (1022, 1024, 1026) is in force-absorbing operative connection with the base plate (1002); - wherein at least two adjacent side wall elements (1014, 1016, 1018, 1020) of at least one of the side walls (1006, 1008, 1010, 1012) are spaced from one another by a spacing (1028, 1030, 1032, 1034) extending from the base plate (1002) between the two adjacent side wall elements (1014, 1016, 1018, 1020); - wherein the at least one load-bearing element (1022, 1024, 1026) extends in the spacing (1028, 1030, 1032, 1034) and spaced from the two adjacent side wall elements (1014, 1016, 1018, 1020). [2] Residential module (1000) according to claim 1, further comprising a ceiling plate (1004), wherein the at least one load-bearing element (1022, 1024, 1026) extends at least as far as the ceiling plate (1004). [3] Residential module (1000) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein two adjacent side wall elements (1014, 1016, 1018, 1020) spaced from each other by the spacing (1028, 1030, 1032, 1034) each comprise a brickwork. [4] Residential module (1000) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein of two adjacent side wall elements (1014, 1016, 1018, 1020) which are spaced from one another by the spacing (1028, 1030, 1032, 1034), one side wall element (1014, 1016, 1018, 1020) comprises a masonry made of bricks and the other side wall element (1014, 1016, 1018, 1020) comprises at least one opening (1036). [5] Residential module (1000) according to claim 4, wherein the at least one opening (1036) is defined by bricks. [6] Residential module (1000) according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the at least one opening (1036) comprises a door (1040), a window (1040), another opening applicable in house construction, or a combination thereof. [7] Residential module (1000) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one load-bearing element (1022, 1024, 1026) has a first end which is in force-absorbing operative connection with the base plate (1002) and a second end which is in force-absorbing operative connection with a fastening device (1038) for moving the residential module. [8] Residential module (1000) according to claims 1-7, wherein the base plate (1002) comprises: - concrete, in particular reinforced concrete; or - Wood, especially solid wood panels.

Images