Ventilation system for a furnace wall

Abstract

The invention relates to a device 1 for supplying protective gas S from outside a furnace wall 3 into a pressure gas gap 2 of the furnace wall 3, wherein the device 1 has at least one protective gas-carrying line 5 by means of which the protective gas S can be supplied to the pressure gas gap 2.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a device for supplying protective gas into a pressure gas gap of a furnace wall, wherein the device has at least one protective gas-carrying line by means of which the protective gas can be supplied directly to the pressure gas gap.

[0002] The furnace wall serves to define a combustion chamber and is typically formed from a metal wall and a protective wall made of a refractory metal such as ceramic. The protective wall is positioned in front of the metal wall on an inner side of the metal wall facing the combustion chamber. The protective wall and the metal wall define the compressed gas gap. The metal wall can also be designed as a water-carrying pipe wall, with several water-carrying pipes connected to a metal wall via webs. In addition, at least one supply opening is provided in the metal wall, through which the line can be supplied with protective gas from outside the furnace wall.

[0003] A furnace wall for an incinerator for burning waste, in particular, is already known from DE 198 16 059 A1. This consists of a tube wall formed from water-carrying tubes and connecting ribs, and a protective wall made of refractory material placed in front of the inside of the tube wall, which is spaced from the tube wall to form a compressed air gap. The protective wall separates the furnace wall from the combustion chamber. The compressed air gap can be supplied with purge air via a compressed air line arranged outside the tube wall and at least one air supply opening leading through the tube wall.

[0004] DE 10 2020 129 435 A1 describes a different type of quenching chamber for accommodating a metal component to be quenched with an injection nozzle for injecting a liquid cooling medium.

[0005] DE 196 33 617 A1 describes a sintering furnace with externally located gas supply lines, a control element, e.g. a valve, and a gas collection channel.

[0006] EP 1 064 510 B1 describes a combustion chamber with a wall segment. The metallic support structure of the combustion chamber has supply channels through which a cavity defined by the heat protection element and the support structure can be supplied with sealing air S from the outside.

[0007] DE 38 06 044 A1 describes a combustion chamber wall with a porous lining arranged on the combustion chamber side, wherein a gas supply pipe is integrated into the lining, via which gas is fed directly into the porous lining.

[0008] The invention is based on the object of simplifying the supply of purge air to the compressed air gap.

[0009] The object is achieved according to the invention in that the line can be installed in the pressurized gas gap. The line can be formed or composed of several tubular line sections. This ensures that the part of the line to be arranged in the pressurized gas gap, thus the entire line, can be placed on the inside of the pipe wall, so that only a pump or compressor is required outside the pipe wall. The entire line can be attached to the webs of the pipe wall. The otherwise usual welded connection to the pipes subjected to pressurized water is no longer necessary. This means that no pressure test of the pipe wall is necessary after the line has been attached. Welded lines or distribution boxes outside the pipe wall are no longer necessary and can be avoided.The line can be composed of any desired sections, although the joints between the individual line sections do not need to be pressure-gas-tight. This is because it is irrelevant if compressed gas leaks into the compressed gas gap, which is already being supplied. The line can therefore be assembled in the simplest way, for example, using a plug-in connection, to ensure a desired line architecture within the compressed gas gap and thus achieve the desired distribution of the shielding gas within the compressed gas gap.

[0010] The object is also achieved by a system comprising a device as described above in one of the preceding claims and a furnace wall. The furnace wall is formed by a metal wall that defines the furnace wall on the outside and a protective wall that defines the furnace wall on the inside, toward the combustion chamber.

[0011] The task is also solved by using a line composed of several line sections for introducing protective gas into a pressure gas gap in a furnace wall, with two line sections each being a) a maximum of 5-value plug-in connection are connected, or b) a 6-value welded, clamped, or screwed connection are connected, whereby the respective connection between two line sections has a leakage L, with L >= 1% or L >= 5% or L >= 10%. The maximum leakage of all connections may be sufficient to ensure that the last line section or the section furthest from the pump in the assembled line is adequately supplied with protective gas.

[0012] The problem is also solved by the method in which the pipe, composed of several pipe sections, is installed in a compressed gas gap on the inside of the pipe wall, with the pipe sections being at least partially secured to the pipe wall's counter-supports via brackets. The fastening includes mounting methods such as hooking or suspending.

[0013] Furthermore, it can be advantageous if at least part of the line or part of the line sections is designed as a purge line and has outlet openings for shielding gas, from which the shielding gas can be introduced into the compressed gas gap. In addition to the function of conveying the shielding gas from the supply point in the area of ​​the aforementioned pump, the shielding gas can either escape from the line into the compressed gas gap via open line ends or the line at least partially has purge line sections with outlet openings from which the shielding gas can escape into the compressed gas gap. A further line section can be connected to such a section, which is designed as a purge line, and which transports the shielding gas to more distant areas of the compressed gas gap. The design as a line for the transport or alternatively as a purge line is arbitrary in order to adapt the desired distribution conditions for the shielding gas.

[0014] It can also be advantageous if[3] the line is made up of several sections, whereby the sections can be coupled together at the ends via a positive and / or non-positive connection in order to form the line. The different sections can be put together in the simplest way or brought into flow connection with one another so that the desired distribution or architecture of the line can be guaranteed with regard to its function as a transport line on the one hand, but also with regard to its function as a purge line from which protective gas escapes. Simple plug-in connections could certainly be used, even if this would result in leakage in the area of ​​the connection. The leakage can be taken into account in view of the function as a purge line when it comes to the distribution of the protective gas, which is necessary anyway, and thus its escape at the desired points in the line. The line can be formed orbe composed of several tubular pipe sections.

[0015] In this case, it can advantageously be provided that at least one distributor for protective gas is provided, which can be placed on an outer side of the pipe wall, and at least one collector for protective gas is provided, which can be placed on an inner side of the pipe wall, wherein the line is connected to the collector. The protective gas provided by a pump or compressor can be applied or blown onto the desired point(s) on the pipe wall via the distributor, wherein the protective gas can be released on the inside of the pipe via a correspondingly provided collector to the line or lines to be connected. At least the collector can be attached to the more or less tight inside of the pipe wall, wherein any developing or existing leakage at this point can be taken into account in the distribution plan for the purge air.If the shielding gas is ambient air, the same applies to the manifold on the outside of the pipe wall. However, any leakage there reduces the system's efficiency.

[0016] Of particular importance for the present invention can be if a plurality of lines are provided which are at least partially coupled via at least one valve or which are at least partially coupled via at least one branch. The one or more lines or the various line sections can be in flow connection with one another via corresponding branches on the one hand and controllable valves on the other. The type and position of the respective coupling point via branches and / or valves must be adapted to the conditions of the respective furnace wall. In the middle of the coupling, only a sufficient flow connection must be created which ensures the desired transport of protective gas. The valves also ensure temporal control of the protective gas distribution.

[0017] In connection with the design and arrangement according to the invention, it can be advantageous if at least two lines and / or two line sections have different cross-sections. By using lines and / or line sections with different line cross-sections, the space available in the compressed gas gap can be optimally utilized. In areas where a single line with a sufficiently large cross-section cannot be placed, a corresponding number of lines with a smaller cross-section can be used, which are connected in parallel to one another so that the desired protective gas mass flow can be transported. The transition from one line with a large cross-section to several lines with a smaller cross-section is possible both upstream and downstream of the respective line; thus, a line with a larger cross-section can open at the inflow opening of several parallel lines with a smaller cross-section.Or several smaller-cross-section pipes, arranged in parallel, can flow into the inlet cross-section of a larger pipe. The term "mouth" or "mouthing" is therefore independent of the respective inlet or outlet opening of the respective pipe. A pipe, so to speak, flows into both ends.

[0018] It may also be advantageous if several line sections with a line cross-section Q2 connect to a collecting line with a line cross-section Q1, where Q2 < Q1 <= y Q2, where y = {2, 2.5}. Preferably, the said line cross-sections have a ratio of approximately 2 to 2.5, so that at most two parallel line sections with a smaller line cross-section Q2 are in flow connection with a line section or line with a larger line cross-section Q1.

[0019] It can also be advantageous if at least one distributor and the corresponding collector are placed opposite one another on the furnace wall, with the distributor coupled to a pump for protective gas and the collector coupled to the line. As already described, the distributor and the collector are placed correspondingly at a point on the furnace wall so that the protective gas or purge air provided by the pump is guided through the pipe wall via the distributor and delivered to the line via the collector. The coupling means that the collector, distributor, and the line or line sections are in operative communication, i.e., they are fluidly connected. As mentioned, leakage must be designed and taken into account according to the overall system. Depending on the architecture of the furnace wall, more pairs of distributor and corresponding collector can be used so that all areas of the compressed gas gap can be supplied efficiently.

[0020] Furthermore, it can be advantageous if there is an average distance a1 between the pipe wall and the protective wall, whereby in the area of ​​the lines there is a maximum distance a2 between the pipe wall and the protective wall, with a2 >= xa1, with 1.5 <= x <= {2, 3, 4, 5}. Because the maximum distance in the area of ​​the line can increase to five times the average distance a1 or the average width of the compressed gas gap, lines with a correspondingly large cross-section can be used. The available space in the area of ​​the line can be optimized, as already described, by using parallel pipes with a smaller cross-section.

[0021] It can also be advantageous if the line is designed without pipes and is radially limited with respect to a line axis by the furnace wall and by a channel element of the protective wall. This further simplifies the necessary installation effort to supply the compressed gas gap. A separate protective gas line can be omitted. The channel element should be sufficiently sealed against the protective wall so that the mass flow of the protective gas S provided by the pump can be distributed throughout the entire compressed gas gap via the line.

[0022] For this purpose, it can be advantageous if the channel element is rigid. The channel element should be as fireproof and corrosion-resistant as possible. Ceramic is a suitable material for this. If the channel element is made of metal, a protective ceramic layer could be provided on the outside.

[0023] It can be advantageous if two pipe sections are connected to each other before or after installation using a simple plug-in connection. In the method according to the invention, in which various pipe sections are suspended or installed on the inside of the pipe wall, it is advantageous if a simple connection between the pipe sections is possible, which is established before, after, or during installation, i.e., fastening to the pipe wall. The connection does not have to be gas-tight and can therefore be designed for very quick and easy installation. Simple clamp or screw connections are also possible.

[0024] Further advantages and details of the invention are explained in the claims and in the description and illustrated in the figures. Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a furnace wall in cross-section; Figure 1a shows a schematic diagram of a furnace wall in a top view. Figures 2a - 2c show various line sections 5.1; Figures 3a, 3b show a protective gas-carrying line 5 consisting of several line sections; Figure 4 shows a side view according to Figure 1 with several line sections; Figure 5aLine sections with branch; Figure 5bA protective gas-carrying line with valve Figure 6A line-free furnace wall.

[0025] The Figure 1The furnace wall 3 shown is formed from an outer tube wall 3.1 and a protective wall 3.2 facing the combustion chamber 4 and located in front of the tube wall on the inside 3.4. The tube wall 3.1 is formed from several water-carrying tubes 3.1a and several webs 3.1b connecting the tubes 3.1a. The tube wall 3.1 and the protective wall 3.2 define a pressure gas gap 2 having a mean width a1, so that a mean distance a1 exists between the tube wall 3.1 and the protective wall 3.2. The protective wall 3.2 has channel elements 3.3 having a maximum distance a2 from the tube wall 3.1, wherein the distance a2 is Figure 1is more than twice a1. A protective gas-carrying line 5 is provided between the channel element 3.3 and the tube wall 3.1, as part of a device 1 for supplying protective gas S into the pressure gas gap 2 of the furnace wall 3. The line 5 is attached or suspended from the tube wall 3.1 via a holder 5.6 with a counterholder 3.6 of the tube wall 3.1. The counterholder 3.6 is attached or welded to a web 3.1b.

[0026] The duct element 3.3, like the protective wall 3.2, is generally made of a refractory non-metal such as ceramic. The duct element 3.3 is suspended from the pipe wall 3.1 via a bearing 3.8. The duct element 3.3 bears against the protective wall 3.2 with sufficient sealing, so that, on the one hand, the metal wall 3.1 is protected from harmful gases from the combustion chamber 4, and, on the other hand, no excess quantities of protective gas S escape from the pressure gas gap 2 into the combustion chamber.

[0027] In the view from above according to Figure 1athe pipe wall 3.1 and protective wall 3.2 are shown. A distributor 6 is connected from the outside to an outer side 3.5 of the pipe wall 3.1 and is in flow connection via a feed opening 3.7 and a further feed opening 3.7a with a collector 7 on an inner side 3.4 of the pipe wall 3.1. The collector 7 is placed within the compressed gas gap 2. The distributor 6 is in turn supplied with the appropriate protective gas S or purge air via a pump 6.1. The collector 7 supplies the line 5 with protective gas S so that the protective gas S is ultimately fed into the compressed gas gap. The collector 7 and the distributor 6 lie in a sealed manner against the outer side 3.5 or the inner side 3.4 of the pipe wall 3.1. A leak in the collector 7 is not critical since the protective gas is fed into the compressed gas gap 2 anyway. If the protective gas and ambient air are involved, a leakage of the distributor 6 is also uncritical.However, the leaks lead to a loss of effectiveness with regard to the desired distribution of the protective gas.

[0028] According to the Figure 2a to 2c Various line sections 5.1 are planned, which are as shown in Figure 3a, 3b shown assembled to form line 5. According to Figure 2a Line section 5.1 is designed as a transport line 5T and has no perforations or outlet openings for shielding gas. At the end, line section 5.1 has a plug connection 5.5, via which another line section 5.2 is connected.

[0029] After Figure 2b the line section 5.1 is designed as a purge line 5S and has a corresponding perforation 5.7, via which the protective gas S can be guided from the line section 5.1 into the pressure gas gap 2.

[0030] According to the example Figure 2cthe line section has the perforation 5.7 over approximately 50% of its length, so that the remaining line section 5.1 serves as the transport line 5T.

[0031] After Fig. 2a-2c the plug connection 5.5 is provided at the end of the respective line section 5.1, 5.2 and is designed as a taper 5.9 with a shoulder 5.8, which can be inserted into the correspondingly adjoining line section 5.2, wherein the line section 5.2 can be stopped at the end on the shoulder 5.8.

[0032] According to the example Figure 3a For example, the line 5 is composed of three line sections 5.1 to 5.3, of which the first two line sections 5.1, 5.2 are designed as transport line 5T, while the line section 5.3 is designed as flushing line 5S with corresponding perforation 5.7.

[0033] According to the example Figure 3bParallel line sections 5.1a and 5.2a are provided, as well as the parallel line sections 5.1b and 5.2b, with the respective line sections a and b merging into a common third line section 5.3. Line section 5.3 is designed as a flushing line section 5S.

[0034] According to the example Figure 4 are an alternative to training example Figure 1In the area of ​​channel element 3.3, three parallel line sections 5.1a, 5.1b, and 5.2 are provided, which together utilize the space available behind channel element 3.3. Line section 5.2 has a line cross-section Q1, while line sections 5.1a, 5.1b have a line cross-section Q2, where Q1 is approximately three times as large as Q2. These line sections 5.1a, 5.1b, and 5.2 are preferably designed as a transport line 5T and, individually or in any combination, open into a corresponding transport line section 5T or a flushing line section 5S. Preferably, several line sections with a smaller cross-section, such as line cross-section Q2, flow into a line section with a larger cross-section, such as line cross-section Q1. The term "flow" can refer to either the inlet end or the outlet end of the respective line section.

[0035] After Figure 5athe different line sections 5.1, 5.2 can be coupled together via a branch 5.4.

[0036] According to the example Figure 5b Several parts of the line 5 are fluidically coupled to one another via a valve 8, here a 3-2-2 way valve, so that the protective gas S or the purge air flowing in from the line section 5.1 is fed via the valve 8 to the Fig. 5bupper or horizontal leg of the line 5 and / or the vertically downward-leading leg of the line 5. The respective leg consists of several line sections 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, which are designed as transport line section 5T or as purge line section 5S. Via the line sections 5.1, 5.2, which are designed as transport line 5T, the protective gas is ultimately supplied to the line section 5.3, which is designed as purge line section 5S. Starting from the purge line section 5S, the purge air S can also be guided further via a transport line section 5T. Outside, in front of the line 5, the pipe wall 3.1 is placed, which limits the furnace wall (3) to the outside. The valve 8 is Fig. 5b arranged within the pressure gas gap 2.

[0037] The use of branches 5.4 and / or valves 8 as well as the arbitrary combination of purge lines 5S or purge line sections 5S and transport lines 5T or transport line sections ensures a line architecture that allows the protective gas S to be supplied to the desired areas of the furnace wall 3, whereby a temporal control of the protective gas distribution is also ensured via the valves 8.

[0038] According to the example Figure 6 is in contrast to the embodiment Figure 1A furnace wall 3 is shown without separate line sections. The protective gas-carrying line 5 is bounded in a direction radial to the line axis 5a by the furnace wall 3 and by the channel element 3.3 of the protective wall 3.2. The channel element 3.3 bears against the protective wall 3.2 with sufficient sealing so that the mass flow of the protective gas S provided by the pump 6.1 can be distributed as desired in the pressure gas gap 2 via the line 5. List of reference symbols

[0039] 1Device 2Pressure gas gap 3Furnace wall 3.1Metal wall, metal pipe wall 3.1aPipe 3.1bWeb 3.2Protective wall, ceramic wall 3.3Channel element, protective gas line section 3.4Side facing the combustion chamber, inside 3.5Outside 3.6Counterholder, eyelet, hook 3.7Feed opening 3.7aFurther feed opening 3.8Bearing 4Combustion chamber 5Protective gas line 5aLine axis 5.1Line section, pipe section 5.2Line section, pipe section 5.4Branch 5.5Plug-in, clamp-in, or screw connection 5.6Holder, hook, eyelet 5.7Outlet openings, perforation 5.8Shoulder 5.9Taper 5SPurge line, purge line section 5TTransport line, transport line section 6Distributor 6.1Pump 7Collector 8Valve a1Medium distance a2Maximum distance Q1Cable cross-section Q2Cable cross-section SProtective gas, protective gas

Claims

1. Device (1) for supplying protective gas (S) from outside a furnace wall (3) into a pressure gas gap (2) of the furnace wall (3), wherein the device (1) has at least one protective gas-carrying line (5) by means of which the protective gas (S) can be supplied to the pressure gas gap (2), characterized in that the line (5) can be mounted in the pressure gas gap (2) and can be supplied with protective gas (S) from outside the furnace wall (3) and serves to transport protective gas (S) in a direction along the furnace wall (3).

2. Device according to claim 1, characterized by that at least part of the line (5) or part of the line sections (5.1, 5.2) is designed as a purge line (5S) and has outlet openings (5.7) for protective gas (S), from which the protective gas (S) can be brought into the pressure gas gap (3.3).

3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by thatthe line (5) is formed from a plurality of tubular line sections (5.1, 5.2), wherein the line sections (5.1, 5.2) can be coupled to one another at the ends via a positive and / or non-positive connection in order to form the line (5).

4. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that at least one distributor (6) for protective gas (S) is provided, which can be placed on an outer side (3.5) of the pipe wall (3.1) and at least one collector (7) for protective gas (S) is provided, which can be placed on an inner side (3.4) of the pipe wall (3.1), wherein the line (5) can be connected to the collector (7).

5. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that a plurality of lines (5) are provided which are at least partially coupled via at least one valve (8) or which are at least partially coupled via at least one branch (5.4).

6. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that at least two lines (5) and / or two line sections (5.1, 5.2) have different cross-sections (Q1, Q2).

7. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that connect several line sections (5.1, 5.2) with a line cross-section Q2 to a collecting line with a line cross-section Q1, with Q2 < Q1 <= y Q2, with y = {2, 2,5}.

8. System comprising a device according to one of the preceding claims and a furnace wall (3), wherein the furnace wall (3) is formed from a metal wall (3.1) which delimits the furnace wall (3) to the outside and a protective wall (3.2) which delimits the furnace wall (3) to the inside towards the combustion chamber (4), wherein the protective wall (3.2) and the furnace wall (3) delimit a compressed gas gap (2), characterized by that the line (5) is arranged within the compressed gas gap (2).

9. System according to claim 8, characterized by that at least one distributor (6) and the corresponding collector (7) are placed opposite one another on the outside of the metal wall (3.1), wherein the distributor (6) is coupled to a pump (6.1) for protective gas and the collector (7) is coupled to the line (5) arranged in the compressed gas gap (2).

10. System according to one of claims 8 or 9, characterized by that a mean distance (a1) is given between the pipe wall (3.1) and the protective wall (3.2), wherein in the area of ​​the line (5) a maximum distance (a2) is given between the pipe wall (3.1) and the protective wall (3.2), with a2 >= xa1, with 1.5 <= x <= {2, 3, 4, 5}.

11. System according to one of claims 8 to 10, characterized by that the line (5) is designed to be pipe-free and is radially limited with respect to a line axis (5a) by the furnace wall (3) and by a channel element (3.3) of the protective wall (3.2).

12. System according to claim 11, characterized by that the channel element (3.3) is rigid.

13. Use of a line (5) composed of several line sections (5.1, 5.2) for mounting in a pressure gas gap (2) in a direction along the furnace wall (3) and for introducing protective gas (S) into the pressure gas gap (2) of a furnace wall (3), wherein two line sections (5.1, 5.2) are connected to one another via a) a maximum 5-value plug connection (5.5), or b) a 6-value welded, clamped or screwed connection (5.5), wherein the respective connection (5.5) between two line sections (5.1, 5.2) has a leakage L, with L >= 1% or L >= 5% or L >= 10%.

14. Method for installing a line (5) for introducing protective gas (S) into a pressure gas gap (2) of a furnace wall (3), characterized in thatthe line (5) composed of several line sections (5.1, 5.2) is installed in a compressed gas gap (2) on the inside (3.4) of the tube wall (3.1) in a direction along the furnace wall (3), wherein the line sections (5.1, 5.2) are at least partially fastened to counter-holders (3.6) of the tube wall (3.1) via holders (5.6).

15. Method according to claim 14, characterized by that Two cable sections (5.1, 5.2) are connected to each other before or after installation via a simple plug connection (5.5).

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