DEVICE FOR DETECTING A THRESHOLD SPEED OF A LOCKING DEVICE, LOCKING DEVICE AND METHOD FOR LOCKING A WIRED ELEMENT

Abstract

A detection device for detecting a threshold speed of a locking device, a locking device, and a method for locking a wired element. A detection device comprises a roller (2) rotating about an axis. A pin (4) is fixed to the roller (2). The pin (4) is intended to contact a locking mechanism (5). The pin (4) is mounted to move relative to the axis to contact or not the locking mechanism (5). The rotation of the roller (2) generates a centrifugal force intended to bring the pin closer to the locking mechanism (5). When the rotational speed of the roller (2) reaches a threshold value, the pin contacts the locking mechanism to lock the roller (2). The roller (2) is equipped with a stop (9) fixedly mounted to the roller (9) and has a fourth contact area (9a). In the second pawn position, a third contact zone (4d) of the pawn (4) rests on the fourth contact zone. The third contact zone (4d) is positioned opposite the second contact zone (4a).

Description

Title of the invention: DEVICE FOR DETECTING A THRESHOLD SPEED OF A LOCKING DEVICE, LOCKING DEVICE AND METHOD FOR LOCKING A WIRED ELEMENT Technical field

[0001] The invention relates to a device for detecting a threshold speed of a rope locking device, a fall arrest device, and a method for locking a rope. Prior art

[0002] During work at height, to ensure the safety of the person working at height, it is necessary to connect them to a rope that serves as a lifeline. The person is attached to a fall arrest device that runs along the lifeline. The fall arrest device has a rotating roller that is configured to turn in one direction or the other depending on whether the person is ascending or descending.

[0003] During a fall, the vertical speed of the fall arrest device along the lifeline reaches a threshold value, which corresponds to a threshold rotational speed of a roller relative to a plate of the fall arrest device. When the threshold rotational speed is reached, the roller locks, which in turn locks the fall arrest device onto the lifeline. The person attached to the fall arrest device is then stopped.

[0004] To create an effective and user-friendly fall arrest system, it is important that the fall arrest system closely follows the rope access technician's progress, meaning that the fall arrest system moves with minimal friction in either direction. It is also important that the fall arrest system effectively detects its speed along the lifeline, which corresponds to significant contact between the roller and the lifeline and therefore to considerable friction. The applicant markets a fall arrest system configuration under the name "ASAP".

[0005] A fall arrest device configuration is disclosed in US document 2014 / 0196985 as well as in US document 2014 / 0196989.

[0006] US patent 2014 / 0262611 discloses a configuration in which a roller rotates until it reaches a threshold rotational speed. Once the threshold rotational speed is reached, the roller locks. The roller is mounted to rotate about a rotating shaft. Two pins are mounted movable inside the roller and are each actuated by a spring configured to return them to the axis of rotation. As the roller's rotational speed increases, centrifugal force tends to push the pins outwards, bringing them into contact with the locking mechanisms. Once the pins are in contact with the locking mechanisms, the roller can no longer rotate. Each pin has a contact surface with the locking mechanism that extends along the entire height of both the pin and the locking mechanism. The locking mechanism and the pin are positioned outside the roller, resulting in a relatively bulky device.

[0007] To obtain an effective fall arrest device, it is necessary to have good detection of the roller's rotational speed in order to effectively detect when the threshold speed has been reached. This naturally results in the formation of a large fall arrest device to ensure good responsiveness to speed variations. Object of the invention

[0008] An object of the invention consists of providing a detection device configured to detect the rotation speed of a roller of a rope locking device and to block the rotation of the roller when a threshold speed is reached which has better resistance over time by better managing the forces during a blockage.

[0009] According to one aspect of the invention, a detection device is proposed that is configured to detect the rotational speed of a roller of a locking device for a wire element comprising: - a roller mounted to rotate around a first rotation shaft, the first rotation shaft defining a first axis of rotation for the roller, the first rotation shaft being fixed to a body; - a blocker fixed to the body and having a first contact surface; - at least one pin fixed to the roller so as to rotate around the first axis of rotation in an annular volume disposed between the first axis of rotation and the blocker, the at least one pin having a second contact surface, the at least one pin being mounted movable relative to the first axis of rotation between a first pin position in which a first distance between the first axis of rotation and a distal part of the second contact zone is less than a second distance between the first axis of rotation and a proximal part of the first contact zone and a second pin position in which the first distance is greater than the second distance,The rotation of the roller generates a centrifugal force intended to move the second contact surface away from the first axis of rotation, increasing the value of the first distance so that the second contact surface is in contact with the first contact surface when the rotational speed of the roller exceeds a threshold speed; the locking mechanism prevents the roller from rotating in one direction when the first contact surface is in contact with the second contact surface.

[0010] The detection device is remarkable in that the roller is provided with a stop mounted fixedly to the roller so that the stop rotates around the first axis of rotation, the stop having a fourth contact zone; in that, in the second pawn position, a third contact zone of the pawn is supported by the fourth contact zone, the third contact zone being arranged opposite to the second contact zone.

[0011] Advantageously, the pin is mounted to rotate freely around a second rotating shaft between the first pin position and the second pin position, and in which the stop is in contact with the ratchet element when the pin is in the second pin position to reduce the mechanical stress on the second rotating shaft.

[0012] In a particular configuration, the ratchet element and the second rotation shaft define a functional clearance to reduce the mechanical stress on the second rotation shaft.

[0013] In an advantageous development, the roller is hollow and the blocker is disposed inside the roller, and in which, in the second pawl position, the pawl is supported on an internal lateral wall which delimits the hollow in the roller.

[0014] Preferably, in the second pawn position, the fourth contact zone and the third contact zone define a first plane which includes the first axis of rotation.

[0015] According to one embodiment, in the second pawn position, the first contact zone and the second contact zone define a second plane parallel to the first axis of rotation, the first plane being secant to the second plane, the contact between the third contact zone and the fourth contact zone being separated from the intersection between the first plane and the second plane by the first axis of rotation.

[0016] In an advantageous development, the pin has a weighted portion and a ratcheting element arranged one after the other in a direction parallel to the first axis of rotation, the ratcheting element having the second contact surface. In the second pin position, the weighted portion is not in contact with the locking mechanism. A distal part of the weighted portion is further from the first axis of rotation than a distal part of the second contact surface in an observation along the first axis of rotation. The fourth contact area is formed at least by the ratcheting element or by the weighted portion.

[0017] Preferably, the fourth contact zone by the ratchet element and by the weight portion.

[0018] In another advantageous development, in the second pawl position, the stop defines a surface complementary to the portion of the pawl that receives the second rotation shaft.

[0019] The invention also relates to a locking device comprising a detection device according to any one of the preceding configurations. Such a locking device allows for better management of the forces during the locking of the roller.

[0020] The invention also relates to a rope locking method which allows for better support of the forces during the roller locking phases.

[0021] This result is to be achieved by means of a method for blocking a wire element comprising the following steps: - provide a locking device according to the previous configuration and a wire element mounted in the locking device in contact with the roller; - to circulate the wire element inside the locking device so as to rotate the roller up to a threshold rotation speed to lock the roller and lock the wire element inside the locking device. Brief description of the drawings

[0022] Other advantages and features will become clearer from the following description of particular embodiments and implementations of the invention given by way of non-limiting examples and shown in the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0023] [Fig-1]: [Fig.1] schematically illustrates a perspective view of a device rope locking;

[0024] [Fig.2]: [Fig.2] schematically illustrates a cross-sectional view of a rope locking device;

[0025] [Fig.3]: [Fig.3] schematically illustrates a perspective view of a device speed detection of a rope locking device;

[0026] [Fig.4]: [Fig.4] schematically illustrates a perspective view of a device speed detection of a rope locking device with a pin in a position that allows rotation of the roller;

[0027] [Fig. 5]: [Fig. 5] schematically illustrates a perspective view of a device speed detection of a rope locking device with a pin in a position that allows rotation of the roller and with the blocker installed;

[0028] [Fig. 6]: [Fig. 6] schematically illustrates a perspective view of a device speed detection of a rope locking device in a pawn position which blocks the rotation of the roller and with the blocker installed;

[0029] [Fig.7]: [Fig.7] schematically illustrates a perspective view of a device speed detection of a rope locking device with a pin in a position that blocks the rotation of the roller and without the blocker installed;

[0030] [Fig.8]: [Fig.8] schematically illustrates a perspective view of a cross-section of a speed detection device of a rope locking device in a pin position which blocks the rotation of the roller with the blocker installed and a roller locking button in the position which allows the rotation of the roller with a cross-sectional view of the plates, the first rotation shaft and a locking button;

[0031] [Fig.9]: [Fig.9] schematically illustrates a top view of a device speed detection of a rope locking device with a slide in a position that allows rotation of the roller;

[0032] [Fig. 10]: [Fig. 10] schematically illustrates a top view of a speed detection device of a rope locking device with a slide in a position which is intended to cause the rotation of the roller to be blocked;

[0033] [Fig.11] : [Fig.11] schematically illustrates a top view of a speed detection device of a rope locking device with a slide in a position which is intended to block the rotation of the roller and the pin which slides along the slide;

[0034] [Fig. 12]: [Fig. 12] schematically illustrates a top view of a speed detection device of a rope locking device with a slide in a position which is intended to block the rotation of the roller and the slide which pushes the pin into the locking position;

[0035] [Fig. 13] : [Fig. 13] schematically illustrates a top view of another embodiment of a speed detection device of a rope locking device with the pawl in the first pawl position;

[0036] [Fig. 14]: [Fig. 14] schematically illustrates a top view of another embodiment of a speed detection device of a rope locking device with the pawl in the second pawl position. Description of the implementation methods

[0037] Figures 1 to 14 illustrate different views of a locking device 1 for a wire element, preferably a rope. The locking device 1 is preferably a fall arrest device. The rope locking device comprises a roller 2 mounted to rotate freely in at least one direction of rotation about a first rotation shaft 3. The first rotation shaft 3 defines a first axis of rotation for the roller 2. The locking device 1 defines a path for the passage of a rope. The path defines a through passage, one wall of which is formed by the roller 2, such that the sliding of the rope in the locking device causes the roller 2 to rotate.

[0038] The rope locking device is configured to block the rotation of the roller 2 in at least the first direction of rotation when the rotational speed of the roller 2 around the first axis of rotation reaches a threshold value. Preferably, roller 2 is configured to rotate freely in both directions of rotation at least when the rotational speed is below the threshold value.

[0039] The rope locking device includes a detection device configured to detect the rotational speed of roller 2 in a given direction. The detection device is configured to allow rotation of roller 2 when the rotational speed in the first direction is less than the threshold speed and to prevent rotation of roller 2 when its rotational speed in the first direction reaches the threshold speed. When the detection device detects that the rotational speed in the first direction corresponds to the threshold speed, roller 2 locks, thereby locking any rope that may be present in the rope locking device.

[0040] The detection device includes the roller 2 and the first rotation shaft 3 which defines the first axis of rotation of the roller 2. The roller 2 is fixed to the first rotation shaft 3. The first rotation shaft 3 passes through the roller 2 or is embedded in the roller 2 so that the roller 2 rotates around the first rotation shaft 3. The first rotation shaft 3 is fixed to a body.

[0041] The detection device comprises at least one pin 4 which is fixed to the roller 2. When the roller 2 rotates about the first axis of rotation AA, the pin 4 rotates about the first axis of rotation. The pin 4 is also mounted to move relative to the first axis of rotation so that it can move closer to or further from the first axis of rotation AA. Preferably, the detection device comprises one, two, three, or four pins 4. Advantageously, the pins 4 operate independently of each other. In the illustrated embodiment, only one pin 4 is used.

[0042] The detection device includes a blocker 5. The blocker 5 is fixedly mounted to a body. The blocker 5 has a first contact surface 5a, and at least one pin 4 has a second contact surface 4a designed to come into contact with the first contact surface 5a to block the rotation of the roller 2. Each pin 4 is movable so that the first contact surface 5a moves towards or away from the second contact surface 4a. The pin 4 moves in a plane perpendicular to the first axis of rotation AA. The first contact surface 5a and the second contact surface 4a are intersected by the same plane perpendicular to the first axis of rotation AA.

[0043] The center of gravity of the pin 4 is offset from the first axis of rotation AA such that the rotation of the roller 2 around the first axis of rotation AA causes the rotation of the pin 4 around the first axis of rotation AA and generates a centrifugal force that tends to move the second contact surface 4a away from the first axis of rotation. The higher the speed The greater the rotation speed of the roller 2 around the first axis of rotation AA, the greater the rotation speed of at least one pin 4 and the further the second contact surface 4a moves away from the first axis of rotation AA so that the second contact surface 4a moves closer to the first contact surface 5a.

[0044] At least one pin 4 is mounted movable relative to the first axis of rotation AA between a first position and a second position.

[0045] The locking device 5 is configured to prevent the rotation of the roller 2 about its first axis of rotation in the first direction of rotation when the first contact surface 5a is in contact with the second contact surface 4a. When the rotational speed of the roller 2 reaches a threshold value, the force generated on at least one pin 4 is such that the second contact surface 4a comes into contact with the first contact surface 5a, thus blocking the rotation of at least one pin 4 and therefore blocking the rotation of the roller 2, at least in the first direction of rotation. When the pin 4 is in contact with the locking device 5, the locking device 5 prevents the rotation of the roller 2 in the first direction of rotation. When the pin 4 is in its second pin position, it is preferable that the pin 4 be in contact with the inner side wall of the roller 2.In an advantageous embodiment, the portion of the weight 4b and the ratchet element 4c are fixedly mounted to each other and advantageously form part of a monolithic pin.

[0046] In the first pawn position illustrated in Figures 4 and 5, the second contact surface 4a of at least one pawl 4 is not in contact with the first contact surface 5a of the blocker 5. In other words, the first distance between the first axis of rotation AA and a distal part of the second contact area 4a is less than the second distance between the first axis of rotation AA and a proximal part of the first contact area 5a. In the second pawn position illustrated in Figures 6 to 8, the second contact surface 4a of at least one pawl 4 is in contact with the first contact surface 5a of the blocker 5. In other words, the first distance is greater than the second distance.

[0047] The detection device defines an annular volume located between the first axis of rotation AA and the locking device 5. As long as the pin remains within the annular volume, the pin 4 is able to rotate. When the pin 4 extends beyond the annular volume, its rotation will result in the first contact surface 4a coming into contact with the second contact surface 4a, thereby locking the roller 2.

[0048] In the first pin position illustrated in Figures 4 and 5, the rotational speed of roller 2 is such that the blocker 5 does not oppose the rotation of roller 2 in the first direction of rotation. In the second pin position illustrated in Figures 6 to 8, the rotational speed of roller 2 has reached the threshold speed and the pin 4 comes into contact against the blocker 5 to prevent the rotation of the roller 2 in the first direction of rotation.

[0049] To achieve effective locking of the roller 2, it is important that the contact area between the pin 4 and the locking 5 be greater than a certain value, below which slippage may occur, preventing proper locking. It is also important that, below the threshold rotational speed, the roller 2 and the pin 4 can rotate around the first axis of rotation AA without the pin 4 coming into contact with the locking 5. Therefore, a significant gap must exist between the pin 4 and the locking 5 when the pin 4 and the locking 5 are positioned radially opposite each other and the roller 2 is stationary or moving at low speed.

[0050] It is particularly advantageous for the second contact surface 4a of the pin 4 to be subjected to a spring in the direction of the first axis of rotation. The value of the spacing and the spring stiffness determine the value of the centrifugal force that causes the pin 4 to move such that the pin 4 comes to rest on the stop 5, and thus defines the value of the threshold speed.

[0051] Advantageously, the detection device has a spring configured to exert pressure on at least one pin 4, causing the second contact surface 4a to move away from the first contact surface 5a. When the rotational speed of the roller 2 reaches the threshold value, the centrifugal force applied to the pin 4 is sufficient to counteract the force generated by the spring, thus bringing the first contact surface 5a into contact with the second contact surface 4a and locking the roller 2. The spring opposes the centrifugal force applied to the pin 4, i.e., it applies a force directed towards the axis of rotation AA. The spring is connected on one side to the pin 4 and on the other side to the roller 2. It is also possible to connect the spring to the pin 4 and the first rotation shaft 3.In the embodiment illustrated in the various figures, the spring is installed in a cavity formed in the pin 4, the spring being installed between the pin 4 and the bottom of the roller 2.

[0052] To reduce the size of the detection device, the distance between pin 4 and the first axis of rotation is reduced, which in turn reduces the centrifugal force applied to pin 4. This results in a less precise definition of the threshold rotational speed that causes roller 2 to lock. Moving pin 4 closer to the first axis of rotation AA also reduces the volume of pin 4 and therefore its mass. Again, this modification leads to a decrease in the centrifugal force and thus a decrease in the sensitivity of the detection device to the rotational speed of roller 2. When the sensitivity of the detection system decreases, roller 2 locks over a wider speed range around the threshold speed.

[0053] To increase the detection sensitivity of the detection device, it is necessary to increase the mass of pin 4 and / or the distance between the first axis of rotation and the center of gravity of pin 4. These two criteria do not support a reduction in the size of the detection device.

[0054] To increase the sensitivity of detecting the rotational speed of the roller 2, it is advantageous to increase the distance between the center of gravity of the pin 4 and the first axis of rotation AA. To obtain such a result without increasing the size of the pin and therefore without increasing the size of the detection system, it is particularly interesting to form a stepped pin 4, that is to say a pin which has a weight portion 4b and a ratchet element 4c arranged at two different levels along the first axis of rotation AA of the roller.

[0055] The ratchet element 4c has the second contact surface 4a, and the weight portion 4b lacks the second contact surface 4a. The weight portion 4b is not intended to come into contact with the locking 5 to prevent the rotation of the roller 2. The weight portion 4b and the ratchet element 4c do not have the same shape when viewed along a direction parallel to the first axis of rotation AA. The weight portion 4b and the ratchet element 4c are arranged one after the other along a direction parallel to the first axis of rotation AA or substantially parallel to the first axis of rotation AA.

[0056] The distal portion of the weight portion 4b is further from the first axis of rotation AA than the distal portion of the second contact surface 4a and, more generally, than the distal portion of the ratchet element 4c, in a radial direction extending from the first axis of rotation AA. The center of gravity of the weight portion 4b is further from the first axis of rotation than the center of gravity of the ratchet element 4c. This results in an increase in centrifugal force compared to a pin of constant or substantially constant cross-section along the entire height of the pin 4 (in the direction AA).

[0057] Preferably, the weight portion 4b has a part that is opposite the ratchet element 4c in an observation along the first axis of rotation AA. It is advantageous to have this opposite part equal to at least 50% of the surface area of ​​the ratchet element 4c, preferably at least 75%. Preferably, the ratchet element 4c is entirely opposite the weight portion 4b in an observation along the first axis of rotation AA.

[0058] Preferably, in an observation along the first axis of rotation AA, the weight portion 4b has a surface area that is at least 30% larger than the surface area of ​​the ratchet element 4c. It is advantageous for the ratchet element 4c and the weight portion 4b to be in the form of two ring arcs. Preferably, the weight portion 4b extends from one or both ends of the ratchet element 4c. along an arc of a circle whose center corresponds to the first axis of rotation AA. This allows the mass of the pin to be increased without increasing the size of the ratchet element 4c. This configuration allows the center of gravity to be moved further away compared to a pin 4 consisting only of the ratchet element 4c. The weight portion 4b, being located on a plane distant from the first locking surface 5a, is free from the requirements regarding the spacing between the first locking surface 5a and the second locking surface 4a when the roller 2 is to rotate, or the minimum contact area between the ratchet element 4c and the locking mechanism 5 when the roller 2 is to be locked.

[0059] Compared to the configuration disclosed in US document 2014 / 0262611 where the pin is of identical shape over the entire height of the pin, the weight portion 4b makes it possible to move the center of gravity further away and thus increase the centrifugal force for a given threshold rotation speed.

[0060] The stepped configuration of the pin 4 with a weight part 4b which is offset relative to the ratchet element 4c makes it possible to improve the compromise between generated centrifugal force and size.

[0061] When the pin 4 is in the second position, i.e. the position suitable for blocking the roller 2, the portion weight 4b is at a distance from the first axis of rotation AA which is greater than the distance which separates the first axis of rotation AA and the contact area between the pin 4 and the blocker 5.

[0062] Preferably, when the pin 4 is in the second position with the ratchet element 4c bearing against the stopper 5, it is advantageous for the weight portion 4b to extend beyond the ratchet element 4c by a distance equal to at least 10% of the radius between the first axis of rotation AA and the distal part of the contact area between the stopper 5 and the ratchet element 4c. Even more preferably, the weight portion 4b to extend beyond the ratchet element 4c by a distance equal to at least 20%.

[0063] To improve compactness, it is particularly advantageous to use a hollow roller 2 and to position the pin 4 inside the roller 2. It is possible to create a detection device that better detects the threshold speed without changing the diameter of the roller 2. The locking pin 5 is at least partially located inside the roller 2, which makes it possible to create a particularly compact detection device without degrading the sensitivity of the roller 2's rotational speed detection. It is advantageous for the weight portion 4b and / or the ratchet element 4c to be located inside the hollow of the roller 2.

[0064] When the blocker 5 is installed in the internal volume of the hollow roller 2, the blocker 5 does not form an obstruction along the entire height of the roller's internal volume. The height is the dimension parallel to the first axis of rotation AA. The blocker 5 leaves a space in the roller 2 to allow rotation of the counterweight portion 4b above or below the blocker 5. In other words, in the first pawl position, the radial distance between the first axis of rotation AA and the distal part of the weight portion 4b is greater than the radial distance between the first axis of rotation AA and a proximal part of the first locking zone 5a. The weight portion 4b can then rotate around the first axis of rotation AA and pass above or below the blocker 5 in a direction of observation parallel to the first axis of rotation AA as the roller 2 rotates, as long as the threshold speed has not been reached. Once the threshold speed is reached, the pawl element 4c bears against the blocker 5, which prevents the rotation of the weight portion 4b and the rotation of the roller 2 in the first direction of rotation AA.

[0065] In a particular embodiment illustrated in [Fig.7], when the first contact surface 5a is in contact with the second contact surface 4a, the weight portion 4b comes into contact with the inner lateral wall 2a of the roller 2. It is advantageous that when the weight portion 4b comes into contact with the inner lateral wall 2a of the roller 2, the ratchet element 4c is included in a circle whose radius is equal to 2 / 3 of the radius defined by the inner lateral wall 2a of the roller 2 and the first axis of rotation.

[0066] In a particularly advantageous manner, the weight portion 4b and the ratchet element 4c are fixedly mounted to each other.

[0067] In a particular embodiment, when the first contact surface 5a is not in contact with the second contact surface 4a, the distance between the first axis of rotation AA and the distal part of the weight portion 4b is greater than or equal to the distance between the first axis of rotation AA and the proximal part of the first contact surface 5a. This configuration makes it possible to increase the effect of the centrifugal force without degrading the compactness of the sensing device.

[0068] Preferably, in the first pawl position, the proximal part of the ratchet element 4c is against the lateral wall of the roller 2, defining a passage hole for the first rotation shaft 3. It is then advantageous for the distance between the distal part of the ratchet element 4c and the first rotation axis AA to be less than or equal to 2 / 3 of the radius between the first rotation axis AA and the distal part of the counterweight portion 4b. This configuration improves the ratio between the speed detection sensitivity and the compactness of the detection device.

[0069] The distal part of the ratchet element 4c is the part of the ratchet element 4c furthest from the first axis of rotation. The distal part of the weight portion 4b is the part of the weight portion 4b furthest from the first axis of rotation. Conversely, the proximal parts are the parts closest to the first axis of rotation AA. Preferably, the comparison of the distances between the distal parts of The ratchet element 4c and the counterweight portion 4b are made for the same radius. The same applies to the comparison between the proximal parts or between the proximal and distal parts.

[0070] Particularly advantageously, in an observation along the first axis of rotation AA, the weight portion 4b extends radially beyond the distal part of the ratchet element 4c and also extends circumferentially, as illustrated in the various figures. Preferably, the weight portion 4b extends from each of the two circumferential ends of the ratchet element 4c.

[0071] In an observation along the first axis of rotation, it is found that the ratchet element 4c is located between the protruding part of the weight portion 4b and the first axis of rotation AA.

[0072] Preferably, the weight portion 4b represents at least 20% of the mass of the pin 4. Even more preferably, the weight portion represents at least 33% of the mass of the pin 4. The weight portion 4b and the ratchet element 4c are separated by a plane perpendicular to the first axis of rotation AA and passing through the end of the first contact zone 5a and the second contact zone 4a. The mass of the weight portion corresponds to the mass of the pin located on the side of the plane containing the weight portion, while the mass of the ratchet element 4c corresponds to the mass of the remainder of the pin 4 located on the other side of the plane.

[0073] Preferably illustrated in Figures 9 to 13, in the second pin position, i.e., in the position suitable for locking the roller 2, it is advantageous for the radius between the first axis of rotation AA and the distal part of the first contact zone 5a to be less than or equal to 75% of the radius between the first axis of rotation and the distal part of the counterweight portion 4b. Advantageously, the radius between the first axis of rotation and the first contact zone 5b is less than or equal to 75% of the radius of the inner lateral wall 2a of the roller 2 when the roller 2 is hollow and receives the blocker 5 as well as the pin 4.

[0074] The use of a hollow roller 2 is particularly advantageous because it improves the compactness of the structure. Preferably, a plane perpendicular to the first axis of rotation AA passes through the ratchet element 4c, the locking mechanism 5, and the groove 2b of the roller 2 which is to receive the rope.

[0075] Improving the compactness of the detection device without degrading the sensitivity of detecting the rotational speed of roller 2 allows for a reduction in the diameter of roller 2. By reducing the diameter of roller 2, for a given linear speed of the rope in the locking device, the rotational speed of roller 2 is increased, and therefore the effect on the centrifugal force. In other words, the decomposition of the pin 4 into a weight portion 4b and a ratchet element 4c, which are arranged one one after the other in a direction parallel to the first axis of rotation makes it possible to reduce the diameter of roller 2 without reducing the sensitivity of detection because it becomes possible to increase the rotation speed of roller 2 for a given linear speed of string.

[0076] This configuration is particularly advantageous because, as illustrated in Figures 1 to 14, the roller 2 rotation speed detection device 1 is fully or almost fully installed inside roller 2.

[0077] In the embodiments illustrated in Figures 1 to 3 and 8 to 14, the roller 2 is arranged between a first plate 6 and a second plate 7 of the body. The first rotational shaft 3 is fixed to the first plate 6 and the second plate 7. The roller 2 rotates around the first rotational shaft 3 in the body, and more precisely between the plates 6 and 7, which are fixed. The roller 2 is a blind part except for the hole for the passage of the first rotational shaft 3. The pin 4 is fixed to the roller 2 to follow the rotation of the roller 2 around the first rotational axis AA. It is advantageous for the pin 4 to be mounted to rotate freely between the first position and the second position, preferably around a second rotational shaft 8. Preferably, the second rotational shaft 8 is fixed to the roller 2 such that the second rotational shaft 8 rotates around the first rotational shaft 3.Pawn 4 is fixed to the second rotation shaft 8 so that pawl 4 rotates around the first rotation shaft 3 and rotates around the second rotation shaft 8.

[0078] Advantageously, in the second pin position, the pin 4 bears against a stop 9 on the roller 2, which is offset from the second rotational shaft 8. The pin 4 has a third contact area 4d that bears against a fourth contact area 9a formed by the stop 9. When the pin is in the second pin position, this reduces the mechanical stress on the second rotational shaft 8. In the second pin position, the stop 9 on the roller 2 exerts a force on the pin 4, and the pin 4 exerts a force on the locking mechanism 5 to prevent the rotation of the roller 4 in the first direction of rotation without excessively stressing the second rotational shaft 8. Locking the stop 9 results in locking the roller 2. The stop 9 on the roller 2 is fixed relative to the roller 2. To lock the roller 2, the ratchet element 4c is on the one hand supported against the stop 9 and on the other hand supported against the blocker 5.In the position that blocks the rotation of roller 2, the ratchet element 4c is located between the stop 9 and the locking mechanism 5. This configuration reduces the forces applied to the second rotation shaft 8. Preferably, when the third contact zone 4d and the fourth contact zone are flat surfaces, they form a first plane that includes the first axis of rotation, as illustrated in Figures 9 to 14. The support is tangential, which limits the stress on the second rotation shaft. It is also possible to have contact zones... textured, for example crenellated or sawtooth to reduce or avoid the appearance of a force extending radially and which stresses the second rotation shaft 8.

[0079] When a stop 9 is used, it is advantageous for the pin 4, more preferably the ratchet element 4c, and the second rotation shaft 8 to define a functional clearance in a direction perpendicular to the axis AA representing the axis of rotation of the roller 2. Preferably, the functional clearance extends at least along an arc of a circle whose radius extends from the axis of rotation AA of the roller 2 and which passes through the second rotation shaft 8. Advantageously, the arc of the circle has the axis of rotation AA as its center. The introduction of a functional clearance is particularly advantageous so as not to mechanically stress the second rotation shaft 8 when the pin 4 is bearing on one side against the locking device 5 and on the other against the stop 9.

[0080] In order not to put too much stress on the second rotation shaft 8, it is preferable that in the second pin position, the pin 4 bears against the peripheral lateral wall of the roller 2 as illustrated in figures 12 and 14.

[0081] It is also advantageous that, in the second pawn position, the first contact zone 5a and the second contact zone 4a define a second plane parallel to the first axis of rotation AA. The first plane intersects the second plane, the contact between the third contact zone 4d and the fourth contact zone 9a being separated from the intersection between the first and second planes by the first axis of rotation AA in an observation along the first axis of rotation AA.

[0082] The use of a stop 9 is particularly advantageous in association with a stepped pin 4, but it is also possible to have a stop 9 that blocks the rotation of a roller 2 with a pin according to one of the prior art configurations, in particular a configuration where the cross-section of the pin 4 is constant or substantially constant over the entire height of the pin. The use of the stop, which is located in an arc of a circle that does not pass

[0083] In the embodiment illustrated in Figures 1 to 12, the third contact zone 4d is formed mainly or exclusively by the pawl element 4c. The third contact zone 4d does not extend beyond the radius defined by the distal portion between the pawl element 4c and the axis of rotation of the roller 2. In the embodiment illustrated in Figures 13 and 14, the third contact zone 4d is formed in the pawl element 4c as well as in the weight portion 4b. It is advantageous for the third contact zone 4d to be formed by a face of the weight portion and preferably at a greater distance than the contact zone between the stop and the pawl element 4c.

[0084] It is advantageous that the second shaft 8 be disposed at a radius from the first axis of rotation AA which is less than the radius of the second contact surface 4a when the pin 4 is in the second pin position.

[0085] Preferably, the first plate 6 and the second plate 7 of the body are fixed to each other by means of a third rotating shaft 10, which is also fixed to a support 11. As illustrated in [Fig. 2], the third rotating shaft 10 and the first rotating shaft 3 are fixed to each other so as to form a single unit with the first plate 6 and the second plate 7. The single unit is mounted to move relative to the support 11 and to rotate about the third rotating shaft 10. The first rotating shaft 3 is mounted to pivot about the third rotating shaft 10. The single unit pivots relative to the support 11 so as to define an open position that allows the insertion or removal of a rope in the support 11 of the rope locking device, here of the fall arrest device.Preferably, the support 11 has a U-shaped area 12 which defines a ring intended to receive a rope. The ring opens or closes by means of the one-piece assembly which is mobile and in particular by means of the roller 2 which moves relative to the support 11.

[0086] Preferably, the monobloc assembly is stressed by means of a second spring 13 so that the monobloc assembly is by default, i.e. in the absence of external stress, in the position which keeps the rope inside the fall arrest device and more precisely inside the U-shaped zone 12. The spring stresses the roller towards the U-shaped zone which is intended to press the rope against the U-shaped zone in order to have significant contact between the rope and the roller 2 when the locking device moves relative to the rope.

[0087] Preferably, the roller 2 has a groove 2b which is textured, i.e., a non-smooth groove. The groove 2b may be provided with studs 2c or grooves so as to increase the friction between the roller 2 and the string.

[0088] Advantageously, the second plate 7 defines the locking mechanism 5 and is inserted into the recess of the roller 2. The second plate 7 prevents the rotation of the roller 2. Securing the second plate 7 to the first plate 6 by means of the first rotation shaft 3 and the third rotation shaft 10 forms a particularly effective locking mechanism 5. In the advantageous embodiment illustrated in Figures 8 and 14, the first plate 6 is fixed to the second plate 7 by means of a rod 14.

[0089] It is particularly advantageous to provide that the second plate 7 closes the cavity defined in the roller 2. It is preferable that the speed detection device be equipped with a seal 15 of annular cross-section that connects the roller 2 and the second plate 7. It is advantageous that the inner lateral wall 2a of the roller 2 has a groove 16 that extends circularly. The seal 15 is inserted into the groove 16 so as to provide a seal. The seal 15, which connects the second plate 7 with the roller 2, in conjunction with a blind roller 2, makes it possible to form a substantially watertight space, which improves the service life of the detection device.

[0090] In a particular embodiment, a button 17 is fixed to the body and preferably to the second plate 7 and is mounted to move relative to the second plate 7. The button 17 is movable between a first button position and a second button position. The button 17 is mounted to move relative to the first axis of rotation AA. In the first button position, the button 17 does not interact with the pin 4, which functions as described above. In the second button position, the button 17 causes the roller 2 to lock when the roller 2 rotates in the first direction of rotation.

[0091] The pin 4 is provided with a stud 18. It is advantageous for the stud not to be opposite the second locking zone 4a in a plane perpendicular to the first axis of rotation AA. The stud 18 can be mounted projecting from the ratchet element 4c or from the weight portion 4b in a direction parallel to the first axis of rotation AA. The stud 18 is preferably fixedly mounted on the pin 4. The stud 18 rotates about the first axis of rotation 3 when the roller 2 rotates about the first axis of rotation 3. The stud 18 moves between a first stud position and a second stud position. The stud 18 rotates about the first axis of rotation AA at a distance from the first axis of rotation AA that is greater than or equal to a first value. The first value corresponds to the minimum distance between the first axis of rotation AA and the stud 18 when the pin 4 is in the first pin position, for example the roller 2 is stationary.When the pin 4 is in the second pin position, the nipple 18 is spaced from the first axis of rotation by a second value greater than the first value. The annular volume has a maximum radius which corresponds to the second value.

[0092] The button 17 defines a slide 19. In the first position of the button 17, the slide 19 is arranged so as not to come into contact with the stud 18; it does not obstruct the rotation of the stud 18. The stud 18 rotates in a plane that is perpendicular to the first axis of rotation AA. In the first position of the button, the slide 19 is arranged outside the plane of rotation of the stud 18 and / or at a distance from the axis of rotation AA that is less than the first value or greater than the second value, for example, greater than the radius of the roller 2. The slide 19 is arranged outside the positions that the stud 18 can assume when the roller rotates.

[0093] In the second button position 17, the slide 19 is arranged to form an obstacle to the movement of the pin 18. The slide 19 lies in the plane of rotation of the pin 18, that is, in a plane perpendicular to the first axis of rotation AA and passing through the pin 18. The slide 19 forms an obstacle that extends from the first value to a third value larger than the first value. During one rotation of the roller 2, the pin 18 slides along the slide, moving the pin into the second pin position. The third value can be the second value of this which corresponds to the pawl in the second pawl position. Alternatively, the third value corresponds to pawl 4 in a position such that the distance between the first axis of rotation AA and the distal part of the second contact zone 4a is greater than the distance between the first axis of rotation AA and the proximal part of the first contact zone 5a. In this configuration, the pawl element 4 is far enough from the first axis of rotation AA that the pawl element 4c comes into contact with the blocker 5, which will cause the roller 2 to lock.

[0094] Advantageously, when the pin 4 is in the second pin position and the button is in the second button position, the slide 19 is not in contact with the stud 18 so as to prevent the slide 19 and the stud 18 from taking up the blocking forces of the roller 2.

[0095] When the roller 2 rotates in the first direction of rotation and the button 19 is in the second button position, the pin 18 comes into contact with the slide 19. The rotation of the roller in the first direction of rotation causes the pin 18 to slide along the slide 19 and the sliding of the pin 18 along the slide causes the ratchet element 4c to move away from the first axis of rotation AA, that is to say, it moves closer to the position corresponding to the second pin position.

[0096] When the nipple 18 is in the first nipple position, the pin 4 is in the first pin position. When the nipple 18 is in the second nipple position, the pin 4 is in the second pin position. The nipple 18 is fixedly mounted relative to the second contact area 4a.

[0097] Advantageously, when the button 17 moves between the first and second button positions, the slide 19 moves only in a plane perpendicular to the first axis of rotation AA. Preferably, the button 17 is mounted to move towards or away from the first rotation shaft 3 between the first and second button positions.

[0098] The movement of the pin from the first position to the second position is independent of the rotation speed of the roller 2. The locking of the roller 2 is obtained at the latest when the roller has completed one full revolution.

[0099] Such a button is particularly advantageous because it is simple to manufacture while being very effective. Although the button and the stud are shown in association with a stepped pin, it is possible to use another pin configuration. Preferably, the stud 18 is not opposite the second contact zone 4a in a plane that is perpendicular to the first axis of rotation AA.

[0100] In the advantageous embodiments illustrated, when the pin is installed inside the cavity defined by the roller 2, the button 17 passes through the second plate 7 so that the button 17 defines a slide 19 for the stud 18 which is separated from the button actuation area by the second plate 7. The nipple 18 slides along the slide 19.

[0101] In the first button position, which corresponds to a first slide position when the rotational speed of the roller 2 is low, the pin 18 rotates around the first axis of rotation AA and the pin 18 does not come into contact with the slide 19. As the rotational speed of the roller 2 increases until it reaches the threshold speed, the pin 18 moves from the first pin position 18 to the second pin position 18 without the pin 18 coming into contact with the slide 19. When the rotational speed of the roller 2 reaches the threshold speed, the pin 4 comes into contact with the blocker 5, which blocks the roller 2 without the pin 18 coming into contact with the slide 19.

[0102] In the second button position 17, which corresponds to a second slide position, the slide 19 intersects the path of the pin 18 when the roller 2 rotates in the first direction of rotation. As the roller 2 rotates around the first axis of rotation, the pin 18 also rotates around the first axis of rotation and slides along the slide 19, causing the pin 18 to move from the first pin position to the second pin position. Once the second pin position is reached, the ratchet element 4c contacts the blocker 5, which completes the movement of the pin 14 into the second pin position. The rotation of the roller 2 causes the first contact surface 5a to come into contact with the second contact surface 4a, thus locking the roller 2.

[0103] In the second button position, the button 17 defines a slide 19 which intercepts the trajectory of the pin 18, which shifts the pin 18 so as to move the pin 4 into the second pin position and thus achieve the locking of the roller 2 independently of the rotational speed of the roller 2. When the roller 2 makes one or less than one revolution, the button 17 moves from the first pin position to the second pin position, which makes it possible to lock the roller 2 independently of the rotational speed of the roller 2.

[0104] This solution is particularly advantageous because the same pin 4 is used to block roller 2 either when the rotation speed of roller 3 reaches the threshold speed, or when roller 2 makes a turn when button 17 is moved to a locking position of roller 2.

[0105] In a particular embodiment, when the pin 4 comes to rest against the stop 9 of the roller 2, the slide 19 leaves the stud 18 so that the forces applied by the roller 2 against the blocker 5 are not transmitted to the slide 19.

[0106] It is advantageous for the button 17 to be mounted to rotate movable to move the slide 19.

[0107] The configuration illustrated in figures 1 to 14 is advantageous because it has a reduced number of parts, which reduces the risk and the failure rate.

[0108] The roller rotation speed detection device advantageously forms part of a fall arrest device. The fall arrest device may include a rope installed in the support in contact with roller 2. The fall arrest device is configured to prevent the fall arrest device from traveling along the rope at a linear speed exceeding a threshold speed. With the rope in contact with the roller, the speed of travel between the rope and the fall arrest device corresponds to the roller's rotation speed. The wire element is moved through the locking device, causing the roller to rotate. When the rotation speed of roller 2 reaches the threshold speed, roller 2 locks.

[0109] In the illustrated embodiments, the roller 2 is configured to cooperate with a rope of circular cross-section, but it is also possible to provide a roller for cooperating with a strap having a square or rectangular cross-section. The detection device is particularly suitable for use in a device for locking a wire element, in particular a rope, but it is also possible to provide for its use in an automatic winder.

Claims

1. Demands Locking device (1) for a wire element comprising: - a support (11) defining a U-shaped groove (12) intended to receive a string; - a body (6,7) mounted movable relative to the support (11); - a first rotation shaft (3) fixed to the body (6,7); - a roller (2) mounted to rotate around the first rotation shaft (3), the first rotation shaft (3) defining a first axis of rotation (AA) for the roller (2), the roller (2) having a groove (2b) intended to receive the rope, the sliding of the wire element along the U-shaped groove (12) causing the rotation of the roller (2); - a blocker (5) fixed to the body (6,7) and having a first contact surface (5a); - at least one pin (4) fixed to the roller (2) so as to rotate about the first axis of rotation (AA) in an annular volume disposed between the first axis of rotation (AA) and the blocker (5), the at least one pin (4) having a second contact surface (4a), the at least one pin (4) being mounted movable relative to the first axis of rotation (AA) between a first pin position in which a first distance between the first axis of rotation (AA) and a distal part of the second contact zone (4a) is less than a second distance between the first axis of rotation (AA) and a proximal part of the first contact zone (5a) and a second pin position in which the first distance is greater than the second distance,the rotation of the roller (2) generating a centrifugal force intended to move the second contact surface (4a) away from the first axis of rotation (AA) to increase the value of the first distance so that the second contact surface (4a) is in contact with the first contact surface (5a) when the rotational speed of the roller (2) exceeds a threshold rotational speed, the blocker (5) blocking one direction of rotation of the roller (2) when the first contact surface (5a) is in contact with the second contact surface (4a); locking device (1) characterized in that the roller (2) is hollow and the roller (2) is provided with a stop (9) fixedly mounted to the roller (2) so that the stop (9) rotates around the first axis of rotation (AA), the stop (9) having a fourth contact zone (9a); in that the blocker (5) is arranged inside the roller (2), and in the second position of the pin, the pin (4) is supported on an internal lateral wall which delimits the hollow in the roller (2); in that the pin (4) is mounted movable to rotate about a second rotation shaft (8) between the first pin position and the second pin position, the stop being in contact with a ratchet element (4c) when the pin (4) is in the second pin position, the second rotation shaft being fixedly mounted to the roller (2); in that, in the second pin position, a third contact zone (4d) of the pin (4) is in contact with the fourth contact zone (9a), the third contact zone (4d) being arranged opposite the second contact zone (4a); in that the pin (4) and the second rotation shaft (8) define a functional clearance in a direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the roller (2) to reduce the mechanical stress on the second rotation shaft (8).

2. Locking device (1) according to claim 1 wherein, in the second pin position, the fourth contact zone (9a) and the third contact zone (4d) define a first plane which includes the first axis of rotation (AA).

3. Locking device (1) according to claim 2 wherein, in the second pin position, the first contact zone (5a) and the second contact zone (4a) define a second plane parallel to the first axis of rotation (AA), the first plane being secant to the second plane, the contact between the third contact zone (4d) and the fourth contact zone (9a) being separated from the intersection between the first plane and the second plane by the first axis of rotation (AA).

4. Locking device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3 in which the pin (4) has a weight portion (4b) and a ratchet element (4c) arranged one after the other in a direction parallel to the first axis of rotation (AA), the ratchet element (4c) comprising the second contact surface (4a); in which, in the second pawn position, the weight portion (4b) is not in contact with the blocker (5); and in which a distal part of the weight portion (4b) is further from the first axis of rotation (AA) than a distal part of the second contact surface (4a) in an observation along the first axis of rotation (AA); and in which the fourth contact zone (4d) is formed at least by the ratchet element (4c) or by the weight portion (4b).

5. Locking device (1) according to claim 4 in which the fourth contact area (4d) is formed by the ratchet element (4c) and by the weight portion (4b).

6. Locking device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 5 wherein, in the second pin position, the stop (9) defines a surface complementary to the portion of the pin which receives the second rotation shaft (8).

7. Method of locking a wire element comprising the following steps: - providing a locking device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 and a wire element mounted in the locking device in contact with the roller (2); - introducing the wire element into a ring of the locking device (1); - circulating the wire element inside the locking device ring so as to rotate the roller (2) up to a threshold rotation speed to lock the roller (2) and lock the wire element inside the locking device (1).

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