Tool holder and tool magazine

Abstract

To provide a tool holder, and a tool magazine capable of automatically exchanging the tool holder between the tool magazine and a spindle.SOLUTION: A tool magazine 40 has: a magazine body 41; an operation lever 55 disposed at the magazine body 41, capable of supporting an operation sleeve 23, and reciprocating in an axial direction of a spindle 10, the operation lever 55 including an operation sleeve insertion hole 55a into which the operation sleeve 23 is inserted, and a hook portion 56 disposed in the operation sleeve insertion hole 55a and hooked on a receiving portion 23b; an operation lever guide 64 configured to guide the operation lever 55 in the axial direction of the spindle 10; and an operation elastic body 58 configured to urge the operation lever 55 toward a base end direction of the spindle 10 against an elastic force of a holder elastic body 27.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a tool holder and a tool magazine that allows automatic exchange of the tool holder between a spindle and a tool holder. [Background technology]

[0002] There is known a tool holder (detachable member) that can be attached to a spindle and to which a tool can be attached. (For example, JP 6-134608 A, hereinafter referred to as Patent Document 1). According to Patent Document 1, when the tool holder is attached to the spindle, the abutment surface of the body of the tool holder abuts against the receiving surface of the spindle, and the retaining claw of the engagement ring of the tool holder engages with the locking portion of the spindle. In this state, the wedge member is pushed between a pair of V-shaped receiving walls provided on the body and the engagement ring, and is prevented from slipping out. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0003] Conventional tool holders are replaced manually by the operator, which is dangerous when the machine is running. In addition, tool holder replacement cannot be automated, and the replacement time is long. SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT EMBODIMENT An object of the present invention is to provide a tool magazine that allows automatic exchange of a tool holder between a tool holder and a spindle. [Means for solving the problem]

[0004] The first aspect of the present invention is A tool holder to be attached to a spindle having a spindle hole, a circumferential groove located on an outer periphery of the spindle, and a drive groove located at a tip of the spindle and connected to the circumferential groove, a tool body having a shank that is inserted into the spindle bore; An operation sleeve is disposed radially outward of the tool body, biased toward the base end of the spindle, and reciprocates in the axial direction of the spindle, a drive key that is inserted into the drive groove and transmits rotation of the spindle to the tool body; A receiving portion located on an outer periphery of the operating sleeve; An operating sleeve having a holder elastic body that biases the operating sleeve toward the spindle relative to the tool body; a hold ring disposed on the tool body, the hold ring having a hold claw that passes through the drive groove and is hooked onto the circumferential groove; A tool holder having the following structure.

[0005] A second aspect of the present invention is A tool magazine that stores the tool holder so as to be transferable between the tool holder and a spindle, The magazine body and an operating lever that is disposed on the magazine body, is capable of supporting the operating sleeve, and is reciprocable in an axial direction of the main shaft; an operation sleeve insertion hole into which the operation sleeve is inserted; A hook portion that is disposed in the operation sleeve insertion hole and hooked onto the receiving portion; An operating lever having an operating lever guide that guides the operating lever in an axial direction of the main shaft; an operating elastic body that biases the operating lever toward the base end of the main shaft against the elastic force of the holder elastic body; having It is a tool magazine.

[0006] A tool tip is attached to the tool holder. The tool tip is, for example, a cutting tool or a brush.

[0007] Preferably, the operating sleeve is cylindrical. The operating lever may have an operating sleeve hole for clamping and holding the tool holder. The operating sleeve hole may have a contact cylindrical surface that contacts the operating sleeve. Preferably, the operating lever has a plunger for pressing the operating sleeve radially inward. The plunger is disposed, for example, on the inner surface of the operating sleeve hole on both sides. Preferably, the plunger biases the operating sleeve toward the abutting cylindrical surface.

[0008] The hook portion (or the anti-rotation portion) hooks the receiving portion to suppress rotation of the operation sleeve and hold the operation sleeve. The receiving portion and the hook portion have a relationship similar to that of a tightening portion of a screw and a wrench. For example, the receiving portion is a groove with a rectangular cross section formed on the outer cylindrical surface of the operating sleeve. The bottom surface of the receiving portion is two planes parallel to each other. The receiving portion is arranged rotationally symmetrical with respect to the central axis of the shank. The receiving portion may be a groove in the shape of a regular hexagon. In this case, the hook portion is a plate-like protrusion that is thinner than the groove width of the receiving portion and has two parallel planes that abut against the receiving portion. The hook portion is shaped like a single-ended wrench. The receiving portion may be a cylindrical hole arranged in the radial direction. In this case, the hook portion is a cylindrical pin that abuts against the receiving portion. The hook portion is in the form of a hook pin of a hook spanner. The receiving portion may be a groove extending along the central axis of the shank. In this case, the hook portion is a protrusion that abuts against the groove. The receiving portion may have a first receiving portion that is hooked in the axial direction and a second receiving portion that is hooked in the circumferential direction. For example, the first receiving portion is a circumferential groove, and the second receiving portion is a hexagonal head. In this case, the hook portion has a first hook portion and a second hook portion. The first hook portion is hooked to the first receiving portion and restricts the axial movement of the operating sleeve. The second hook portion is hooked to the second receiving portion and restricts the rotational movement of the operating sleeve.

[0009] The tool magazine may have an operating lever stopper that holds the operating lever so as not to jump out of the magazine body. The operating lever stopper is disposed on the magazine body, for example.

[0010] The push lever may have a push fork portion that holds the tool bit. The push fork portion may have a cylindrical contact surface that contacts the tool body. The pressing portion contacts, for example, the tip of the tool body. The pressing portion is, for example, plate-shaped.

[0011] The operating lever guide, push lever guide, and tilt suppression guide are linear guides. For example, the operating lever guide, push lever guide, and tilt suppression guide are shaft and bushing, ball spline, and linear guides. The operating lever guide guides the operating lever in the direction of the spindle when the spindle and tool holder change tools. The push lever guide guides the push lever in the direction of the spindle when the spindle and tool holder change tools. The tilt suppression guide guides the push lever in the direction of the spindle when the spindle and tool holder change tools. The tilt suppression guide may be disposed on the opposite side of the operating lever guide with respect to the tool holder held in the tool magazine.

[0012] Preferably, the magazine body is installed on a float base. The float base supports the magazine body so as to be freely movable in a first direction, which is the direction of the main axis in a state of handing over the tool magazine, and in a second direction and a third direction perpendicular to the first direction. The float base may have an elastic body. The float base supports the magazine body, for example, so as to have play in the second direction and the third direction. The float base may have a first elastic body. The elastic body imparts an elastic force to the magazine body along the second direction and the third direction. The float base may support the magazine body so as to have play in the first direction. The float base may have a second elastic body. The second elastic body imparts an elastic force to the magazine body along the first direction.

[0013] The operation sleeve insertion hole may have an opening in the insertion direction. The protrusion may be a rigid body. The rigid protrusion is made of, for example, metal, general-purpose resin, or engineering plastic. The rigid protrusion has an abutment surface that is inclined with respect to the insertion direction of the operating sleeve into the sleeve insertion hole. The abutment surface approaches the left and right ends of the operating lever as it moves in the insertion direction. The abutment surface of the pinch lever biases the contact portion with the outer peripheral cylindrical surface of the operating sleeve. Due to the combined force of the biasing forces of the pair of pinch lever protrusions, the protrusions bias the operating sleeve toward the sleeve abutment surface.

[0014] The protrusion may be an elastic body. The protrusion that is an elastic body is, for example, a leaf spring or a plunger. The protrusion that is an elastic body urges the operation sleeve toward the sleeve abutment surface by the elastic force of the protrusion.

[0015] The overtravel detection switch may be disposed on the magazine body. In this case, the front dog and the base dog are disposed on the push lever. Effect of the Invention

[0016] According to the present invention, the tool holder and tool magazine allow automatic exchange of the tool holder with the spindle. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0017] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a spindle according to a first embodiment; [Diagram 2] One-side cross-sectional view of the main shaft of the first embodiment [Diagram 3] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a tool holder according to a first embodiment; [Figure 4] FIG. 1 is a half-sectional view of a tool holder according to a first embodiment; [Diagram 5] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a tool magazine according to a first embodiment; [Figure 6] FIG. 1 is a plan view of a tool magazine according to a first embodiment; [Figure 7] Cross-sectional view of line VII-VII in Figure 6 [Figure 8A] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a transfer of a tool holder from a spindle to a tool magazine in the first embodiment; [Figure 8B] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a transfer of a tool holder from a spindle to a tool magazine in the first embodiment; [Figure 8C] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a transfer of a tool holder from a spindle to a tool magazine in the first embodiment; [Figure 8D] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a transfer of a tool holder from a spindle to a tool magazine in the first embodiment; [Figure 8E] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a transfer of a tool holder from a spindle to a tool magazine in the first embodiment; [Figure 8F]FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a transfer of a tool holder from a spindle to a tool magazine in the first embodiment; [Figure 9A] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a transfer of a tool holder from a tool magazine to a spindle in the first embodiment; [Figure 9B] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a transfer of a tool holder from a tool magazine to a spindle in the first embodiment; [Figure 9C] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a transfer of a tool holder from a tool magazine to a spindle in the first embodiment; [Figure 9D] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a transfer of a tool holder from a tool magazine to a spindle in the first embodiment; [Figure 9E] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a transfer of a tool holder from a tool magazine to a spindle in the first embodiment; [Figure 10] FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a tool magazine according to a second embodiment; [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is a plan view of a tool magazine according to a second embodiment; [Figure 12] Cross-sectional view of line XII-XII in Figure 11 [Figure 13A] FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of the transfer of a tool holder from a spindle to a tool magazine in the second embodiment. [Figure 13B] FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of the transfer of a tool holder from a spindle to a tool magazine in the second embodiment. [Figure 14] FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a pinch arm according to a third embodiment; [Figure 15] FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a pinch arm according to a fourth embodiment; DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0018] (Embodiment 1) As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the spindle 10 of this embodiment has an end face 10a, a spindle hole 11, a circumferential groove 13, and a drive groove 15. The spindle hole 11 is, for example, a straight shank hole. The circumferential groove 13 has a rectangular cross section. The circumferential groove 13 extends in the circumferential direction of the spindle 10 near the end face 10a. For example, the spindle 10 has two drive grooves 15 arranged symmetrically about the central axis 17. The drive groove 15 has a rectangular cross section. The drive groove 15 extends from the end face 10a to the circumferential groove 13.

[0019] 3 and 4, the tool holder 20 of this embodiment has a tool body 21, a hold ring 25, an operation sleeve 23, and a holder spring (holder elastic body) 27. A cutting tool 26 is attached to the tool holder 20.

[0020] The tool body 21 is a stepped cylinder. The tool body 21 has a shank 21a, an end face 21b, and a tool hole 21c. The shank 21a is, for example, a straight shank. The cutting tool 26 is attached to the tool hole 21c by, for example, a collet (not shown) or shrink fitting.

[0021] The holder spring 27 is a compression coil spring. The holder spring 27 is attached to the tool body 21. The holder spring 27 biases the hold ring 25 and the operation sleeve 23 toward the base end of the spindle 10 (upward in FIG. 4).

[0022] The hold ring 25 has a hollow cylindrical shape. The hold ring 25 is disposed on the outer periphery of the tool body 21. The hold ring 25 can reciprocate in the direction of the central axis 22 relative to the tool body 21. The hold ring 25 has a plurality of hold claws 25a (two in FIG. 3 ). The hold claws 25a are disposed symmetrically with respect to the central axis 22. The hold claws 25a pass through the drive groove 15 and are hooked onto the circumferential groove 13.

[0023] The operation sleeve 23 is a hollow ring. The operation sleeve 23 has a drive key 23a and a receiving portion 23b. The operation sleeve 23 can reciprocate in the direction of the central axis 22. The drive key 23a can be fitted into the drive groove 15. The drive key 23a is located at a position rotated 90 degrees from the hold claw 25a. The receiving portion 23b is a groove having a rectangular cross section formed on the outer peripheral surface of the operation sleeve 23. For example, when viewed from the central axis 22, the receiving portion 23b extends in a direction perpendicular to a line connecting the centers of the two holding claws 25a. The bottom surface of the receiving portion 23b is two flat surfaces parallel to each other. The receiving portion 23b is disposed rotationally symmetrical about the central axis 22. The receiving portion 23b has a surface width 23c and a height 23d.

[0024] When the tool holder 20 is attached to the spindle 10, the holder spring 27 presses the hold ring 25. The hold ring 25 moves to the lock position 2 (see FIG. 8A). At this time, the hold claws 25a of the hold ring 25 come into contact with the circumferential groove 13 of the spindle 10 and pull the spindle 10 toward the tip (downward in FIG. 8A). This fixes the tool holder 20 to the spindle 10 (see FIG. 8A). At this time, the drive key 23a fits into the drive groove 15 of the spindle 10 and transmits the rotation and torque of the spindle 10 to the tool body 21.

[0025] When the tool holder 20 is removed from the spindle 10, the operation sleeve 23 moves toward the tip (downward in FIG. 4). Then, the elastic force of the holder spring 27 is no longer applied to the hold ring 25, and the hold ring 25 moves away from the circumferential groove 13. As the operation sleeve 23 moves, the drive key 23a moves to the end face 21b (see FIG. 8C). Then, when the spindle 10 is rotated 90 degrees, the hold claw 25a passes through the drive groove 15, and the tool holder 20 is removed from the spindle 10.

[0026] As shown in Figs. 5 to 7, the tool magazine 40 of this embodiment has a magazine body 41, an operating lever 55, an operating lever guide 64, an operating spring (operating elastic body) 58, and a hook portion 56. The tool magazine 40 may have a push lever 51, a push lever guide 50, an anti-push spring (anti-push elastic body) 54, a spring post 45, an anti-pull-up spring (anti-pull-up elastic body) 46, a tilt suppression guide 59, a pull-up spring cover 43, a tool holder detection switch 65, an overtravel detection switch 60, a tip dog 47, a base end dog 49, a dog stem 48, and a tip side stopper 41b. The operating lever guide 64 has an operating lever guide hole 53b and an operating lever stem 57. The push lever guide 50 has a push lever guide hole 41c and a push lever stem 53.

[0027] Hereinafter, for the sake of convenience, when exchanging the tool holder 20 between the tool magazine 40 and the spindle 10, the direction in which the spindle 10 moves away from the tool holder 20 along the central axis 17 of the spindle 10 or the central axis 22 of the tool holder 20 will be referred to as "up," the direction in which the spindle 10 with the tool holder 20 attached thereto is inserted into the tool holder 20 will be referred to as "rear," and the direction to the right from the rear to the front will be referred to as "right."

[0028] The magazine body 41 has a main body 41a, a tip end stopper 41b, a push lever guide hole 41c, and a second operating spring guide 41d. The tip end stopper 41b is disposed at the rear of the main body 41a. The tip end stopper 41b protrudes from the upper surface of the main body 41a. The push lever guide hole 41c is a cylindrical hole with a bottom. The push lever guide hole 41c extends in the vertical direction and is disposed at the front of the main body 41a. The push lever guide hole 41c opens upward of the main body 41a. The second operating spring guide 41d is, for example, a hole with a bottom or a cylindrical guide. The second operating spring guide 41d is disposed at the bottom surface of the push lever guide hole 41c.

[0029] The push lever 51 extends in the front-rear direction. The push lever 51 has a tool body insertion hole 51a and a push plate 52. The push lever 51 may have a guide bush 59b and a spring post insertion hole 51b. The tip of the tool body 21 is inserted into the tool body insertion hole 51a from the front to the rear. The tool body insertion hole 51a is located at the front end of the push lever 51. The tool body insertion hole 51a may open to the front of the push lever 51. At this time, the tip (push fork portion) 51e (see FIG. 6) of the push lever 51 is fork-shaped. The tip 51e holds the cutting tool 26. The push plate 52 is disposed at the lower part of the tool body insertion hole 51a. The push plate 52 has an abutment surface (pressing portion) 52a and a tool passing hole 52b. The abutment surface 52a abuts against the tool body 21. When the tip of the tool body 21 abuts against the abutment surface 52a and moves downward, the push plate 52 moves together with the tool body 21. The cutting tool 26 passes through the tool passing hole 52b. The spring post insertion hole 51b is disposed at the rear end of the push lever 51. The spring post insertion hole 51b is a stepped cylindrical hole extending in the vertical direction. The spring post insertion hole 51b has an upper large diameter portion 51c and a lower small diameter portion 51d.

[0030] The push lever stem 53 is disposed below the push lever 51 and extends vertically. The push lever stem 53 has an outer cylindrical surface 53a, an operating lever guide hole 53b, and an anti-push spring guide hole 53c. The outer cylindrical surface 53a slides in the push lever guide hole 41c and guides the push lever 51 in the vertical direction. The operating lever guide hole 53b extends vertically and penetrates the push lever stem 53 and the push lever 51. The anti-push spring guide hole 53c is connected to the lower side of the operating lever guide hole 53b. The inner diameter of the anti-push spring guide hole 53c is larger than the inner diameter of the operating lever guide hole 53b. The end face of the anti-push spring guide hole 53c is an operating lever stopper 53d.

[0031] The operating lever 55 extends in the front-rear direction. The operating lever 55 has an operating sleeve insertion hole 55a, a hook portion 56, and a spring post passing hole 55b. The operating sleeve insertion hole 55a is located at the front end of the operating lever 55. The operating sleeve insertion hole 55a is an elongated hole extending in the front-rear direction and has a diameter 55e that is substantially the same as the diameter of the operating sleeve 23. The operating sleeve insertion hole 55a has a guide portion 55c and a sleeve abutment surface 55d. The guide portion 55c guides the operating sleeve 23 when the operating sleeve 23 is inserted. The guide portion 55c may have, for example, a guide inclined surface. The sleeve abutment surface 55d abuts against the outer cylindrical surface of the operating sleeve 23 of the tool holder 20 in the replacement position 1. The operating sleeve insertion hole 55a may open to the front of the operating lever 55. The hook portions 56 are arranged on the left and right inner surfaces of the operating sleeve insertion hole 55a. The hook portion 56 is a flat plate extending in the front-rear direction. The end faces of the hook portion 56 are two parallel planes. The surface width 56a of the hook portion 56 is substantially equal to the surface width 23c of the receiving portion 23b. The thickness 56b of the hook portion 56 is smaller than the height 23d of the receiving portion 23b. The spring post passing hole 55b is located at the rear end of the operating lever 55.

[0032] The tool holder detection switch 65 is disposed in the operation sleeve insertion hole 55a. When the tool holder 20 is attached to the operation lever 55, the tool holder detection switch 65 detects the tool holder 20. For example, the tool holder detection switch 65 is a proximity switch. The tool holder detection switch 65 may be disposed in the tool body insertion hole 51 a of the push lever 51 .

[0033] The plunger 63 is disposed in the operation sleeve insertion hole 55a. For example, the plunger 63 is a ball plunger. The plunger 63 is disposed slightly forward of the central axis 22 of the tool holder 20 at the replacement position 1. The plunger 63 presses the operation sleeve 23 inserted in the operation sleeve insertion hole 55a toward the center. As a result, the plunger 63 urges the operation sleeve 23 backward, causing the operation sleeve 23 to abut against the sleeve abutment surface 55d. The plunger 63 may be cylindrical and extend in the vertical direction.

[0034] The operating lever stem 57 has an outer cylindrical surface 57a, a first operating spring guide 57c, and a stopper ring 57b. The outer cylindrical surface 57a is a cylindrical surface. The outer cylindrical surface 57a slides in the operating lever guide hole 53b to guide the operating lever 55 in the up and down direction. The first operating spring guide 57c is a cylindrical hole with a bottom. The first operating spring guide 57c is disposed at the lower end of the operating lever stem 57. The stopper ring 57b is disposed at the lower end of the operating lever stem 57. The stopper ring 57b is caught by the operating lever stopper 53d to prevent the operating lever stem 57 from slipping out upward.

[0035] The operation spring 58 is a compression coil spring. The operation spring 58 is disposed inside the push lever guide hole 41c. The operation spring 58 is guided by the first operation spring guide 57c and the second operation spring guide 41d. The operation spring 58 biases the operation lever 55 upward. Preferably, the spring load of the operation spring 58 when attached is smaller than the spring load of the holder spring 27 when attached.

[0036] The anti-push spring 54 is a compression coil spring. The inner diameter of the anti-push spring 54 is larger than the outer diameter of the stopper ring 57b. The anti-push spring 54 is disposed inside the push lever guide hole 41c and the anti-push spring guide hole 53c. The anti-push spring 54 is guided by the anti-push spring guide hole 53c. The spring load of the anti-push spring 54 when attached is larger than the spring load of the holder spring 27 when compressed.

[0037] The tilt suppression guide 59 extends below the push lever 51. In a plan view, the tilt suppression guide 59 is disposed near the operation sleeve insertion hole 55a. The tilt suppression guide 59 slides on the guide bush 59b. The tilt suppression guide 59 suppresses the operation lever 55 from tilting when the operation lever 55 is pushed downward by the main shaft 10. In addition, in plan view, the tilt suppression guide 59 may be disposed on the opposite side of the operation lever stem 57 with respect to the operation sleeve insertion hole 55a.

[0038] The spring post 45 has a post head 45a, an anti-pull-up spring guide 45b, and a male screw 45c. The post head 45a is disposed at the upper end of the spring post 45. The diameter of the post head 45a is larger than the diameter of the anti-pull-up spring guide 45b. The male screw 45c is disposed at the lower end of the spring post 45 and is fastened to the tip side stopper 41b. The spring post 45 passes through the spring post insertion hole 51b.

[0039] The lifting spring cover 43 is a hollow cylinder. The lifting spring cover 43 has a push lever stopper 43a. The push lever stopper 43a has a through hole 43c. The anti-lifting spring guide 45b passes through the through hole 43c. The tip side stopper 41b does not pass through the through hole 43c. The lifting spring cover 43 is inserted into the spring post insertion hole 51b.

[0040] For example, the anti-pull-up spring 46 is a disc spring. The anti-pull-up spring 46 is disposed inside the pull-up spring cover 43. The anti-pull-up spring guide 45b passes through the anti-pull-up spring 46 and guides the anti-pull-up spring 46. The anti-pull-up spring 46 is disposed between the post head 45a and the push lever stopper 43a. When the push lever 51 is pulled up above the initial position 3, the anti-pull-up spring 46 biases the push lever 51 downward via the pull-up spring cover 43.

[0041] The dog stem 48 is, for example, a stud bolt. The dog stem 48 is disposed at the rear end of the main body 41a. The dog stem 48 extends upward from the main body 41a. The front dog 47 and the base dog 49 are fixed to the dog stem 48. The overtravel detection switch 60 is, for example, a proximity switch. The overtravel detection switch 60 is disposed at the rear end of the push lever 51. When the push lever 51 rises and passes a base end 92 of the stroke (see FIG. 8D), the overtravel detection switch 60 detects the base end dog 49. When the push lever 51 falls and passes a tip end 94 of the stroke (see FIG. 9C), the overtravel detection switch 60 detects the tip end dog 47.

[0042] With reference to Figs. 8A to 8F, a method in which the spindle 10 transfers the tool holder 20 to the tool magazine 40 will be described. Here, Figs. 8A to 8F are cut views of the tool magazine 40 cut along a front-rear and top-bottom plane passing through the center of the operation sleeve insertion hole 55a. Fig. 8A shows the state of the spindle 10 to which the tool holder 20 is attached just before it moves to the replacement position 1. The spindle 10 rotates so that the hook portion 56 is inserted into the receiving portion 23b. In Fig. 8A, the spindle 10 rotates so that the bottom surface of the receiving portion 23b faces the front-rear direction. Next, the height of the receiving portion 23b is adjusted to the height of the hook portion 56 (Fig. 8A). Next, the spindle 10 moves backward, and the tool holder 20 reaches the replacement position 1 (Fig. 8B). At this time, the operation lever 55 is located at the initial position. The push lever 51 is located at the initial position 91.

[0043] From the state of FIG. 8B, the spindle 10 is pulled upward. The receiving portion 23b of the tool holder 20 is hooked on the hook portion 56. The stopper ring 57b is hooked on the operation lever stopper 53d. Therefore, the distance between the operation lever 55 and the push lever 51 is maintained. Furthermore, the push lever 51 is urged downward by the anti-pull-up spring 46 via the push lever stopper 43a. Here, the elastic force of the anti-pull-up spring 46 is greater than the elastic force of the holder spring 27. Therefore, the positions of the operation lever 55 and the push lever 51 are maintained. Then, the operation sleeve 23 of the tool holder 20 is restricted from moving upward, and the holder spring 27 is compressed. Therefore, when the spindle 10 rises, the positions of the spindle 10 and the operation sleeve 23 move apart. Here, since the hold claw 25a is hooked on the circumferential groove 13, the hold ring 25 is pulled out of the operation sleeve 23. 8C, when the spindle 10 reaches the rotatable position 72, the drive key 23a comes out of the end face 10a. When the spindle 10 reaches the rotatable position 72, the spindle 10 can rotate 90 degrees.

[0044] The spindle 10 may be pulled further upward from the rotatable position 72. Fig. 8D shows a state in which the spindle 10 is pulled up to the upper end 73 and the push lever 51 reaches the base end 92 of the stroke. At this time, the spindle 10, the tool holder 20, the operating lever 55, and the push lever 51 are lifted upward as a unit against the elastic force of the anti-pull-up spring 46. At this time, the operating lever 55 and the push lever 51 are guided by the push lever guide 50. The small diameter portion 51d may be guided by the outer cylindrical surface of the tip-side stopper 41b. For example, since the tool holder 20 is collet fastened, the length of the tool body 21 of the tool holder 20 may vary greatly. In this case, the tool holder 20 can be transferred more reliably by raising the spindle 10 slightly beyond the rotatable position 72.

[0045] Next, the spindle 10 is rotated 90 degrees. Then, the position of the holding claw 25a overlaps with the drive groove 15. The drive groove 15 is connected to the circumferential groove and connected to the end face 10a in the vertical direction. Therefore, the holding claw 95a passes through the drive groove 15 and comes out below the spindle 10. At the same time, the restoring force of the holder spring 27 causes the operating sleeve 23 to rise relative to the tool body 21 and return to the release position 4. Then, the tool holder 20 is removed from the spindle 10 and supported by the tool magazine 40. When the main shaft 10 has risen to the upper end 73, as the main shaft 10 rotates, the operating lever 55 and the push lever 51 return to the initial position 91 due to the restoring force of the anti-pull-up spring 46 (FIG. 8E).

[0046] Next, the spindle 10 is pulled up until the shank 21a of the tool holder 20 is removed from the spindle hole 11 (FIG. 8F). This completes the transfer of the tool holder 20 from the spindle 10 to the tool magazine 40.

[0047] A method of transferring the tool holder 20 from the tool magazine 40 to the spindle 10 will be described with reference to Figs. 9A to 9E. Here, Figs. 9A to 9E are cut views of the tool magazine 40 cut along a front-rear and top-bottom plane passing through the center of the operation sleeve insertion hole 55a. First, the central axis 17 of the spindle 10 is aligned with the central axis 22 of the tool holder 20 stored in the tool magazine 40. Then, the spindle 10 is rotated to align the position of the drive groove 15 with the holding claw 25a (Fig. 9A). Next, the spindle 10 is moved downward.

[0048] 9B, when the spindle 10 is lowered along the central axis 17, the shank 21a is inserted into the spindle hole 11. The end face 10a of the spindle 10 abuts against the drive key 23a. At this time, the tip face of the tool body 21 is spaced upward from the abutment surface 52a. When the spindle 10 is further lowered, the operating spring 58 starts to contract, lowering the operating lever 55. Then, the tip of the tool body 21 comes into contact with the contact surface 52a. When the spindle 10 is further lowered, the holder spring 27 contracts and the end face 10a comes into contact with the end face 21b. Then, the drive key 23a reaches the end face 21b. At this time, the hold claw 25a passes through the drive groove 15 and reaches the circumferential groove 13. This position is the rotatable position 75. When the spindle 10 reaches the rotatable position 75, the spindle 10 can rotate. Incidentally, since the spring load of the anti-push spring 54 is stronger than the spring load of the holder spring 27, the push lever 51 does not move at this point.

[0049] The spindle 10 may be pushed further down beyond the rotatable position 75. FIG. 9C shows a state in which the spindle 10 is pushed down to the bottom end 76 and the push lever 51 reaches the stroke tip 94. When the spindle 10 is pushed down further from the rotatable position 75, the tool holder 20, the operating lever 55, and the push lever 51 are lowered together. The operating lever 55 is guided by the operating lever guide 64. The spindle 10 is lowered against the elastic forces of the holder spring 27, the operating spring 58, and the anti-push spring 54. During this time, the spindle 10 maintains a rotatable state. At this time, the tip-side stopper 41b may guide the small diameter portion 51d. For example, the operation sleeve 23 is loosely fitted into the tool body 21. Therefore, the position of the operation sleeve 23 relative to the tool body 21 may vary. In this case, by slightly pushing the spindle 10 down from the rotatable position 75, the tool holder 20 can be reliably transferred.

[0050] Next, the spindle 10 is rotated 90 degrees. Then, the position of the drive key 23a coincides with the drive groove 15. As the spindle 10 rotates, the hold claw 25a slides in the circumferential direction in the circumferential groove 13. The restoring force of the holder spring 27 pushes the operation sleeve 23 up against the tool body 21. Then, the drive key 23a fits into the drive groove 15. Then, the hold ring 25 moves to the lock position 2. At this time, the hold claw 25a urges the circumferential groove 13 downward, and the tool holder 20 is locked to the spindle 10. The restoring force of the operation spring 58 causes the operation lever 55 to move upward relative to the push lever 51 by the amount of movement of the operation sleeve 23 (FIG. 9D).

[0051] Next, the spindle 10 is moved forward. The receiving portion 23b comes out of the hook portion 56, and the operating lever 55 and the push lever 51 return to the initial position 91 (FIG. 9E). This completes the transfer of the tool holder 20 from the tool magazine 40 to the spindle 10.

[0052] According to the tool magazine 40 of this embodiment, the tool holder 20 can be automatically exchanged between the spindle 10 and the tool magazine 40 .

[0053] When the spindle 10 is lifted to transfer the tool holder 20 from the spindle 10 to the tool magazine 40, the lifting force of the spindle 10 acting on the operating lever 55 is applied to the changing position 1. The changing position 1 is located in front of the operating lever guide 64. Therefore, when the spindle 10 is lifted, a moment is applied to the operating lever guide 64. Since the tilt suppression guide 59 is located closer to the changing position 1 than the operating lever guide 64, the operating lever 55 is moved smoothly in the vertical direction.

[0054] The plunger 63 biases the operation sleeve 23 toward the sleeve contact surface 55d. Therefore, for example, even if the installation posture of the tool magazine 40 is changed so that the central axis 17 of the tool holder 20 at the replacement position 1 is horizontal, the position of the tool holder 20 is unlikely to shift.

[0055] (Embodiment 2) 10 to 12, the tool magazine 140 of this embodiment has an operating lever 155, a stopper 178, a magazine body 141, an overtravel detection switch 160, a front dog 147, and a base dog 149. The tool magazine 140 of this embodiment does not have a tilt suppression guide 59. The other configurations of the tool magazine 140 are substantially the same as those of the tool magazine 40 of the first embodiment.

[0056] The operating lever 155 has a lever body 177, a pair of pinch levers 179, a pair of pinch pins 180, and a compression coil spring (elastic body) 181.

[0057] The lever body 177 has a pair of bench parts 177a, a guide hole 177b, a sleeve abutment surface 55d, and a spring post passing hole 55b. The lever body 177 is a rectangular plate. The pair of bench parts 177a are disposed at the left and right ends of the front of the lever body 177. The bench part 177a is a platform disposed below the upper surface of the lever body 177. The bench part 177a may extend to the center of the lever body 177 toward the front end. The guide hole 177b is a cylindrical hole extending in the left-right direction. The guide hole 177b penetrates between the left and right bench parts 177a. The inner diameter of the guide hole 177b is substantially the same as the outer diameter of the compression coil spring 181. The sleeve abutment surface 55d is the front end surface of the lever body 177. The rear end of the lever body 177 extends to the center of the spring post passing hole 55b. The spring post passing hole 55b is semi-cylindrical and located toward the front.

[0058] Each pinch lever 179 is disposed on each bench portion 177a. The pair of pinch levers 179 are disposed symmetrically. Each pinch lever 179 has a fulcrum hole 179a, a pinch portion 179b, and a lever portion 179c. The fulcrum hole 179a is disposed in the center of the pinch lever 179. The fulcrum hole 179a passes through the pinch lever 179 vertically upward.

[0059] The pinch portion 179b is a portion of the pinch lever 179 in front of the fulcrum hole 179a. The pinch portion 179b has a protrusion 179d, an abutment surface 179e, a clearance portion 179g, and a hook portion 56. The protrusion 179d is disposed at the front end of the pinch lever 179. The protrusion 179d has an abutment surface 179e. The abutment surface 179e approaches the left and right ends of the operation lever 155 as it moves rearward. The clearance portion 179g extends rearward from the protrusion 179d. The abutment surface 179e, the clearance portion 179g, and the sleeve abutment surface 55d define the operation sleeve insertion hole 55a. The hook portion 56 is disposed at the lower end of the pinch portion 179b. The hook portion 56 is disposed below the clearance portion 179g.

[0060] The lever portion 179c is a rear portion of the pinch lever 179 relative to the fulcrum hole 179a. The lever portion 179c has a retaining hole 179f. An inner end face 179h of the operating lever 155 of the lever portion 179c inclines outward as it approaches the rear. The angle formed by the end face 179h and the bench portion 177a is defined as a clearance angle 67. The retaining hole 179f is disposed at the rear end portion of the pinch lever 179. The retaining hole 179f extends in the left-right direction. The retaining hole 179f is a bottomed hole that opens to the end face 179h. The retaining hole 179f faces the guide hole 177b.

[0061] The pair of pinch pins 180 are each disposed at the front of the bench portion 177a. The pinch pins 180 extend in the vertical direction. The pinch pins 180 have a shaft portion 180a and a head portion 180b. The shaft portion 180a passes through the fulcrum hole 179a. The shaft portion 180a slides in the fulcrum hole 179a. The head portion 180b holds the pinch lever 179 downward. The pinch pin 180 supports the pinch lever 179 so that it can swing around the pinch pin 180.

[0062] The compression coil spring 181 passes through the guide hole 177b. The left and right ends of the compression coil spring 181 are supported by the holding holes 179f. The compression coil spring 181 is disposed with a length shorter than its natural length. The compression coil spring 181 biases the lever portions 179c of the pair of pinch levers 179 in a direction to open them.

[0063] The compression coil spring 181 applies a force F1 to the pair of pinch levers 179. The compression coil spring 181 pushes the pinch portion 179b radially inward of the operation sleeve insertion hole 55a. The pinch lever 179 acts as a lever with the pinch pin 180 as a fulcrum, the holding hole 179f as a force point, and the protrusion 179d as a point of action. When the operation sleeve 23 is inserted into the operation sleeve insertion hole 55a, the protrusion 179d applies a force F2 to the operation sleeve 23. Here, since the abutment surface 179e is inclined with respect to the front-rear direction, the force F2 applied from the abutment surface 179e to the operation sleeve 23 faces slightly backward. The force F2 is applied to the operation sleeve 23 symmetrically from the pair of abutment surfaces 179e arranged on the left and right. Therefore, the operation sleeve 23 is urged backward by the resultant force from the pair of abutment surfaces 179e. This allows the operation sleeve 23 to abut against the sleeve abutment surface 55d.

[0064] The pair of stoppers 178 are disposed at the left and right ends of the lever body 177. The stoppers 178 are, for example, in the shape of a right circular cylinder. A portion of the stoppers 178 extends above the bench portion 177a. The stoppers 178 regulate the angle at which the lever portion 179c opens. The stoppers 178 inhibit the pinch portion 179b from closing, making it easier to insert the operation sleeve 23. When the front end of the lever body 177 has a shape capable of preventing the pinch portion 179b from closing excessively, the stopper 178 may be omitted.

[0065] The front dog 147 and the base dog 149 are disposed at the rear end of the push lever 51. The front dog 147 is disposed above the base dog 149.

[0066] The magazine body 141 is substantially identical to the magazine body 41. The magazine body 141 is obtained by trimming off the excess portions of the magazine body 41. The overtravel detection switch 160 is disposed at the rear end of the magazine body 141. The overtravel detection switch 160 has a detection portion 160a. When the push lever 51 rises and passes the base end 92, the overtravel detection switch 160 detects the base end dog 149. When the push lever 51 descends and passes the stroke tip end 94, the overtravel detection switch 160 detects the tip dog 147.

[0067] The operation and effects of the tool magazine 140 of this embodiment will be described with reference to Figures 13A and 13B. Figure 13A is a cutaway view of the tool magazine 140 cut along a front-rear and top-bottom plane passing through the center of the operation sleeve insertion hole 55a. Figure 13B is a plan view of the tool magazine 140 when the tool holder 20 is erroneously inserted into the tool magazine 140.

[0068] As shown in Fig. 13A, when the spindle 10 transfers the tool holder 20 to the tool magazine 140, the spindle 10 moves backward, and the tool holder 20 moves toward the changing position 1. As the tool holder 20 moves, the pinch lever 179 swings around the pinch pin 180 to open and close. Then, when the tool holder 20 reaches the changing position 1, the hook portion 56 is inserted into the receiving portion 23b. The pinch lever 179 also opens and closes when the tool holder 20 is pulled out of the tool magazine 140 in the opposite direction to Fig. 13A.

[0069] As shown in Fig. 13A, when the spindle 10 transfers the tool holder 20 to the tool magazine 140, the height direction and rotation phase of the hook portion 56 and the receiving portion 23b may not match. In the example shown in Fig. 13B, the rotation phase is misaligned. At this time, when the spindle 10 moves the tool holder 20 backward toward the changing position 1, the hook portion 56 is not inserted into the receiving portion 23b and collides with the cylindrical surface on the outer periphery of the operation sleeve 23. The operating lever 155 of this embodiment is divided into a lever body 177 and a pinch lever 179. The pinch lever 179 can be opened and closed by swinging around a pinch pin 180. As shown in FIG. 13B, as the spindle 10 moves, the pinch lever 179 rotates against the elastic force of the compression coil spring 181, and the pinch portion 179b opens. Here, the pinch portion 179b can open up to the clearance angle 67. According to the tool magazine 140 of this embodiment, since the pinch portion 179b opens, damage to the tool holder 20 and the operating lever 155 can be suppressed.

[0070] (Embodiment 3) 14, the pinch lever 279 of the present embodiment has a recess 279g, a leaf spring (projection) 279d, and a hook portion 56. Other structures of the pinch lever 279 of the present embodiment are substantially the same as those of the pinch lever 179 of the second embodiment.

[0071] The recess 279g extends to the front end of the pinch lever 279. The hook portion 56 is disposed below the recess 279g. The front end portion of the hook portion 56 may be cut out. The leaf spring 279d has a triangular shape when viewed from above. When a force is applied toward the outside of the operating lever 155, the leaf spring 279d elastically deforms and rebounds in the direction of the force F3. The leaf spring 279d biases the inserted operating sleeve 23 toward the sleeve abutment surface 55d by the elastic force.

[0072] (Embodiment 4) 15, the pinch lever 379 of the present embodiment has a recess 379g, a plunger (projection) 379d, and a hook portion 56. Other structures of the pinch lever 379 of the present embodiment are substantially the same as those of the pinch lever 179 of the second embodiment.

[0073] The recess 379g of this embodiment is the same as the recess 279g of the second embodiment. The plunger 379d is, for example, a spring plunger. The tip of the plunger 379d is a right circular cylinder extending in the vertical direction. For example, the plunger 379d has a coil spring inside. The plunger 379d is pushed out in the direction of the arrow F4. The plunger 379d biases the inserted operation sleeve 23 against the sleeve abutment surface 55d by the elastic force of the coil spring. The plunger 379d may be a ball plunger.

[0074] The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications are possible without departing from the gist of the present invention, and all technical matters included in the technical ideas described in the claims are the subject of the present invention. The above-described embodiment shows a preferred example, but a person skilled in the art can realize various alternatives, modifications, variations, or improvements from the contents disclosed in this specification, and these are included in the technical scope described in the attached claims. [Explanation of symbols]

[0075] 10 spindle 11 Main shaft hole 13 Circumferential groove 15 Drive groove 20 Tool holder 21 Tool Body 21a Shank 23 Operation sleeve 23a Drive Key 23b Receptor 25 Hold Ring 25a Hold Claw 27 Holder spring (holder elastic body) 40 Tool Magazine 41 Magazine body 53d Operation lever stopper 55 Operating lever 55a Operation sleeve insertion hole 56 Hook section 58 Operating spring (operating elastic body) 64 Operating lever guide

Claims

1. A tool holder to be attached to a spindle having a spindle hole, a circumferential groove located on an outer periphery of the spindle, and a drive groove located at a tip of the spindle and connected to the circumferential groove, a tool body having a shank that is inserted into the spindle bore; An operation sleeve is disposed radially outward of the tool body, biased toward the base end of the spindle, and reciprocates in the axial direction of the spindle, a drive key that is inserted into the drive groove and transmits rotation of the spindle to the tool body; A receiving portion located on an outer periphery of the operating sleeve; An operating sleeve having a holder elastic body that biases the operating sleeve toward the spindle relative to the tool body; a hold ring disposed on the tool body, the hold ring having a hold claw that passes through the drive groove and is hooked onto the circumferential groove; A tool holder having

2. 2. A tool magazine that stores the tool holder according to claim 1 in a manner that allows the tool holder to be transferred between the tool magazine and the spindle, The magazine body and an operating lever that is disposed on the magazine body, is capable of supporting the operating sleeve, and is reciprocable in an axial direction of the main shaft; an operation sleeve insertion hole into which the operation sleeve is inserted; A hook portion that is disposed in the operation sleeve insertion hole and hooked onto the receiving portion; An operating lever having an operating lever guide that guides the operating lever in an axial direction of the main shaft; an operating elastic body that biases the operating lever toward the base end of the main shaft against the elastic force of the holder elastic body; having Tool magazine.

3. a push lever having a pressing portion capable of contacting the tool body and capable of reciprocating in an axial direction of the spindle; a push lever guide that guides the push lever in an axial direction of the main shaft; an anti-push elastic body that biases the push lever toward the base end of the main shaft; a push lever stopper that holds the push lever so that it does not jump out of the magazine body; The tool magazine of claim 2 further comprising:

4. an elastic support post disposed on the magazine body; an anti-pull-up elastic body disposed between the elastic body support post and the push lever, and biasing the push lever toward the tip end of the main shaft; and The push lever has an operation lever stopper that holds the operation lever so as not to jump out of the magazine body.

4. The tool magazine according to claim 3.

5. The magazine body further includes a tip end stopper. the push lever stopper is disposed between the anti-pull-up elastic body and the push lever, and is biased toward the tip end of the main shaft by the anti-pull-up elastic body, and reciprocates along the elastic body support post in the base end direction of the main shaft further than the tip side stopper; 5. The tool magazine according to claim 4.

6. The operating lever guide is an operating shaft extending from the operating lever; an operating lever guide hole into which the operating shaft is inserted; having The push lever guide is A push shaft extending from the push lever; a push lever guide hole located on the magazine body and into which the push shaft is inserted; having The operating lever guide hole passes through the push shaft. The tool magazine according to any one of claims 3 to 5.

7. The anti-push elastic body is disposed in the push lever guide hole, The operation elastic body is disposed in the push lever guide hole.

7. The tool magazine according to claim 6.

8. The tool magazine further includes a tilt suppression guide that is disposed between a center of a tool holder supported by the tool magazine and the operation lever guide and suppresses the operation lever from tilting relative to the magazine body. The tool magazine according to any one of claims 2 to 5.

9. a tool holder detection switch that is disposed on the operating lever or the push lever and detects the tool holder; The tool magazine according to any one of claims 3 to 5.

10. an overtravel detection switch disposed on the push lever; a leading end dog that is disposed on the magazine body and is detected by the overtravel detection switch when the push lever reaches a moving end of the leading end of the spindle; a base end dog that is disposed on the magazine body and is detected by the overtravel detection switch when the push lever reaches a moving end of the main shaft in a base end direction; The tool magazine according to any one of claims 3 to 5, further comprising:

11. The operating lever is Lever body and A pair of pinch levers pivotally supported by the lever body, Each of the pinch levers has the hook portion, When the operation sleeve is inserted into the operation sleeve insertion hole, the operation sleeve is biased inwardly into the operation sleeve insertion hole so as to pinch the operation sleeve from a circumferential direction. A pair of pinch levers; The tool magazine according to any one of claims 2 to 5, comprising:

12. The operation sleeve insertion hole has an opening in the insertion direction, The lever body has a sleeve abutment surface disposed on the opposite side of the opening of the operating sleeve insertion hole. The tool magazine according to claim 11.

13. The pinch lever has a protrusion that protrudes toward the operation sleeve insertion hole and biases the operation sleeve inserted into the operation sleeve insertion hole toward the sleeve abutment surface. The tool magazine according to claim 12.

14. The operating lever is a pinch pin disposed on the lever body; an elastic body supported so as to be sandwiched between the pair of pinch levers and biasing the pinch levers; The tool magazine according to claim 11, further comprising:

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