Construction machine

Abstract

To provide a construction machine which can distinctively specify an operation object from a plurality of winch drums and easily confirm a correspondence relation between the winch drum and an operation system in operation.SOLUTION: A construction machine includes a plurality of hook devices 28, 29, 30 suspended by one hook from a plurality of wire ropes 20, 21, 22, respectively. A first drum operation lever, a first drum brake pedal, and the first hook device 28 are colored in the same color as a color related to a first winch operation. A second drum operation lever, a second drum brake pedal, and the second hook device 29 are colored in the same color as a color related to a second winch operation different from the color related to the first winch operation. A third drum operation lever, a third drum brake pedal and the third hook device 30 are colored in the same color as a color related to a third winch operation different from the colors related to the first and second winch operations.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to construction machinery such as cranes, pile drivers, and excavators, and more particularly to construction machinery having an operating lever for operating a winch and a brake pedal in a driver's cab. [Background technology]

[0002] In the cab of a construction machine such as a crane, a pile driver, or an excavator, there are provided a plurality of operation levers for operating a plurality of winch drums mounted on a rotating body, and a plurality of brake pedals corresponding to each winch drum. Although such winch-system operation devices have excellent operability due to the narrow spacing between adjacent levers and between pedals, they are prone to operational errors such as stepping on the wrong pedal. Therefore, a construction machine has been proposed in which the operation levers and brake pedals corresponding to each winch drum are colored the same color, allowing the driver to easily check the correspondence between each winch drum and each operation system (see, for example, Patent Document 1). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2012-56751 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] With the recent multi-functionalization of construction machinery, a winch drum has been developed and put into operation, which has single wire ropes 101, 102, 103 corresponding to each of multiple (e.g., three) winch drums, and hook devices 107, 108, 109 attached to the ends of the wire ropes via swivels (rotary joints) 104, 105, 106, as shown in Fig. 6. However, during final product inspections and on-site use, it is difficult for a signal person on the ground to distinguish the target to be operated from among the multiple hook devices 107, 108, 109, which are similar in size and shape, and there is a risk that the signal person will misread the winch and perform unintended winch operation.

[0005] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a construction machine that can distinguish and identify the operation target from among a plurality of winch drums, and can easily confirm the correspondence between the winch drum and the operation system during operation. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the construction machine of the present invention has an upper rotating body that is rotatably provided on the upper part of a lower traveling body, the upper rotating body is provided with a plurality of winch drums, a wire rope wound around each winch drum, and a driver's cab, and within the driver's cab, drum operation levers and drum brake pedals corresponding to each of the winch drums are respectively arranged. A hoisting member is provided at the front part of the upper rotating body so as to be capable of being hoisted, and a plurality of hook devices are hung by a single hook on each of the plurality of wire ropes hanging down from the tip of the hoisting member. In the construction machine having the above-mentioned, the plurality of winch drums include a first winch drum for winding a first wire rope, a second winch drum for winding a second wire rope, and a third winch drum for winding a third wire rope, and the plurality of hook devices include a first hook device that rises and falls by winding and unwinding the first wire rope, a second hook device that rises and falls by winding and unwinding the second wire rope, and a third hook device that rises and falls by winding and unwinding the third wire rope. A first drum operation lever for operating the first winch drum, a second drum operation lever for operating the second winch drum, and a third drum operation lever for operating the third winch drum are arranged on an operation stand provided in the driver's cab, and a first drum brake pedal for braking the first winch drum, a second drum brake pedal for braking the second winch drum, and a third drum brake pedal for braking the third winch drum are arranged on a floor of the driver's cab, and the first drum operation lever, the first drum brake pedal, and the first hook device are colored in the same color as a color associated with a first winch operation, the second drum operation lever, the second drum brake pedal, and the second hook device are colored in the same color as a color associated with a second winch operation that is different from the color associated with the first winch operation, and the third drum operation lever, the third drum brake pedal, and the third hook device are colored in the same color as a color associated with a third winch operation that is different from the color associated with the first and second winch operations. Effect of the Invention

[0007] According to the construction machine of the present invention, the drum operation lever and drum brake pedal for operating each of the multiple winch drums, and the multiple hook devices suspended by a single wire rope from each winch drum are colored the same color for each winch operation target, so that the intention of the signaler, for example, to lower the second hook device (intention), to specify the color of the second hook device and instruct the driver (intention to display), or to actually communicate the specified color and operation direction verbally (act of display), can be clearly displayed to the driver in an objectively recognizable manner, and therefore communication between the signaler and the driver can be reliably performed before the operation of the construction machine. Moreover, the driver can pay attention to the position of the second drum operation lever and the second drum brake pedal colored in the same color as the color requested by the signaler and operate them, which is also excellent from the viewpoint of preventing erroneous operation in winch operation. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] 1 is a perspective view of a driver's seat provided in a construction machine showing an embodiment of the present invention; [Diagram 2] FIG. 13 is a diagram of the hook device suspended from the wire rope. [Diagram 3] 1 is a side view of an excavator showing an example of a construction machine to which the present invention can be applied. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a front view of the first and second winch drums. [Diagram 5] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the first and second winch drums. [Figure 6] FIG. 1 is a diagram of a hook device suspended from a wire rope in the prior art. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0009] 1 to 5 show an excavator as an example of a construction machine to which the present invention can be applied. As shown in Fig. 3, the excavator 11 is a multipurpose excavation machine capable of various construction works such as casing excavation and ground improvement work, and is equipped with a lower traveling body 12 equipped with crawlers, an upper rotating body 13 rotatably provided on the lower traveling body 12 and equipped with a driver's cab 14 on one side, a leader (hoisting member) 15 provided in front of the upper rotating body 13 so as to be able to be raised and lowered, a hoisting cylinder 16 supporting the leader 15 from the rear, and multiple winch drums 17, 18, 19 for winding wire ropes 20, 21, 22 for various uses.

[0010] The multiple winch drums 17, 18, 19 are provided in two rows, front and rear, in the center in the width direction of the upper rotating body 13. Specifically, a first winch drum (main drum) 17 for winding a first wire rope 20 and a second winch drum (sub drum) 18 for winding a second wire rope 21 are arranged side by side on the rear side, and a third winch drum (third drum) 19 for winding a third wire rope 22 is arranged on the front side.

[0011] Each winch drum 17, 18, 19 is equipped with a hydraulic brake device having a clutch mechanism, and when the hoist is to be idled to allow the hoist to free fall, the clutch is manually disengaged by the operator and the speed is adjusted by the degree to which the brake pedal is depressed. As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the first winch drum 17 and the second winch drum 18 have a single power transmission system made up of the drive shaft 23, the reduction mechanism 24, and the hydraulic motor 25, but the power transmission system may be divided into two systems, one for each of the winch drums 17 and 18.

[0012] The wire ropes 20, 21, 22 paid out from each winch drum 17, 18, 19 hang down in front of the leader 15 through a guide sheave 26 provided on the rear side of the leader 15 and multiple guide sheaves 27a, 27b of a top sheave block 27 provided at the upper end of the leader 15, and although not shown, suspend various types of hoisting devices (e.g., a kelly bar, a hammer grab, a hammer crown, a hook device, etc.) in a manner that allows them to be raised and lowered. In this embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2, multiple hook devices 28, 29, 30 are provided as hoisting devices suspended from each of the wire ropes 20, 21, 22, respectively.

[0013] The multiple hook devices 28, 29, 30 include a first hook device 28 that rises and falls by winding and unwinding the first wire rope 20, a second hook device 29 that rises and falls by winding and unwinding the second wire rope 21, and a third hook device 30 that rises and falls by winding and unwinding the third wire rope 22, and each is configured with a single hook. Here, the single hook configuration means a configuration in which the number of wire ropes 20, 21, 22 hung on each hook device 28, 29, 30 is one.

[0014] Since pins are used to connect the hook devices 28, 29, and 30, the ends of the wire ropes 20, 21, and 22 are provided with, for example, rope sockets 31 and 32, or a hanging loop is formed by a clamp tube 33. In addition, swivels (rotary joints) 34, 35, and 36 are provided between the wire ropes 20, 21, and 22 and the hook devices 28, 29, and 30 to remove twist in the wire rope.

[0015] The hook devices 28, 29, 30 are similar in size and shape, and each consists of a hook 28a, 29a, 30a for hanging a suspension rope (not shown) and a hook fitting 28b, 29b, 30b to which the hook is attached. The hook fittings 28b, 29b, 30b have a welded structure formed by combining a plurality of plate materials, and are symmetrically rounded at both ends in the longitudinal direction (the vertical direction in Fig. 2). Further, a substantially rectangular cross-sectional shape is provided as a cross-sectional shape that forms a closed space within a predetermined range in the longitudinal direction at the intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction of the hook fittings 28b, 29b, 30b, and the maximum widths Wa1, Wa2, Wa3 defined at this intermediate portion are formed smaller than the maximum widths Wb1, Wb2, Wb3 of the hooks 28a, 29a, 30a. That is, the relationships Wa1 < Wb1, Wa2 < Wb2, and Wa3 < Wb3 hold. Also, although details will be described later, colored portions P1, P2, P3 of a predetermined length in the longitudinal direction are provided on the outer peripheral surface (all four surfaces) of the intermediate portion, and are colored with different colors (for example, red, blue, yellow) for each of the hook fittings 28b, 29b, 30b.

[0016] Fig. 1 shows the driver's seat provided in the cab 14. Considering the driving operations of the driver sitting on the seat 37, devices such as operation levers, operation pedals, push button switches, and touch panel displays for performing traveling, turning, winch operations, etc. are intensively arranged. On the front right side of the driver's seat, an operation stand 38 mainly equipped with operation levers related to winch operations is installed. On this operation stand 38, in the order from the left side in the driver's line of sight, a first drum operation lever 39 for operating the first winch drum 17, a second drum operation lever 40 for operating the second winch drum 18, and a third drum operation lever 41 for operating the third winch drum 19 are arranged.

[0017] On the floor at the center of the front part of the driver's seat, corresponding to the arrangement of the respective drum operation levers 39, 40, 41, a first drum brake pedal 42 for braking the first winch drum, a second drum brake pedal 43 for braking the second winch drum, and a third drum brake pedal 44 for braking the third winch drum are arranged in order from the left side.

[0018] 2 in addition to FIG. 1, for example, the knob of the first drum operation lever 39, the tread of the first drum brake pedal 42, and the outer peripheral surface of the hook mounting device 28b of the first hook device 28 (colored portion P1) are colored red as a color associated with the first winch operation (first winch drum 17), the knob of the second drum operation lever 40, the tread of the second drum brake pedal 43, and the outer peripheral surface of the hook mounting device 29b of the second hook device 29 (colored portion P2) are colored blue as a color associated with the second winch operation (second winch drum 18) which is different from the red color associated with the first winch operation, and the knob of the third drum operation lever 41, the tread of the third drum brake pedal 44, and the outer peripheral surface of the hook mounting device 30b of the third hook device 30 (colored portion P3) are colored yellow as a color associated with the third winch operation (third winch drum 19) which is different from the red and blue colors associated with the first and second winch operations.

[0019] According to the construction machine of the present invention configured in this manner, the drum operation levers 39, 40, 41 and drum brake pedals 42, 43, 44 which respectively operate the multiple winch drums 17, 18, 19, as well as the multiple hook devices 28, 29, 30 which are suspended by a single wire rope 20, 21, 22 from each winch drum 17, 18, 19, are colored the same color but different for each target of winch operation. Therefore, the intention of the signal person, for example, wanting to lower the second hook device 29 (intention), specifying the color of the second hook device 29 and instructing the driver (intention of display), or actually communicating the specified blue color and operation direction (lowering) verbally or otherwise (act of display), can be clearly displayed to the driver in an objectively recognizable manner, thereby ensuring communication between the signal person and the driver before the operation of the construction machine. Furthermore, the driver can focus his or her attention on the position of the second drum operating lever 40 and the second drum brake pedal 43, which are colored blue, the same color as the signaller's request, and operate them accordingly, which is also excellent in terms of preventing erroneous operation when operating the winch.

[0020] Also, since the coloring of the hook devices 28, 29, 30 is applied to the outer peripheral surface (all four surfaces) of the hook mounting fixture 28b, it is possible to eliminate the problem of reduced visibility caused by the rotation of the hook devices 28, 29, 30 or the presence of the hanging ropes hung on the hooks 28a, 29a, 30a. Furthermore, since the hook devices 28, 29, 30 are used in which the maximum widths Wa1, Wa2, Wa3 of the hook mounting fixtures 28b, 29b, 30b are formed smaller than the maximum widths Wb1, Wb2, Wb3 of the hooks 28a, 29a, 30a, it becomes possible to apply the hook devices to a very simple configuration in which it is difficult to distinguish them by utilizing differences in size and shape.

[0021] The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, and the color that is unified for each winch operation is arbitrary. For example, the coloring method may be a colored knob attached to a drum operation lever, a colored rubber cover to be placed on a drum brake pedal, or painting or taping on the surface of a hook device. In the hook device of the embodiment, a part of the surface in the longitudinal direction of the hook mounting tool is colored, but the entire surface may be colored to improve visibility. In addition, although an excavator is exemplified as a construction machine, the present invention is not limited to this, and may be applied to various construction machines equipped with multiple lifting hooks according to the purpose, such as pile drivers and ground improvement machines that use leaders for the undulating members, and cranes and earth drills that use booms. [Explanation of symbols]

[0022] 11...excavator, 12...lower running body, 13...upper rotating body, 14...operator cab, 15...leader, 16...derailing cylinder, 17...first winch drum, 18...second winch drum, 19...third winch drum, 20...first wire rope, 21...second wire rope, 22...third wire rope, 23...drive shaft, 24...reduction mechanism, 25...hydraulic motor, 26...guide sheave, 27...top sheave block, 27a, 27b...guide sheave, 28...first hook device, 28a...hook, 28b... Hook attachment device, 29...second hook device, 29a...hook, 29b...hook attachment device, 30...third hook device, 30a...hook, 30b...hook attachment device, 31, 32...rope socket, 33...clamp tube, 34, 35, 36...swivel, 37...seat, 38...operation stand, 39...first drum operation lever, 40...second drum operation lever, 41...third drum operation lever, 42...first drum brake pedal, 43...second drum brake pedal, 44...third drum brake pedal

Claims

[Claim 1] A construction machine comprising an upper rotating body rotatably mounted on an upper portion of a lower traveling body, the upper rotating body being provided with a plurality of winch drums, a wire rope wound around each winch drum, and a driver's cab, a drum operation lever corresponding to each of the winch drums and a drum brake pedal being disposed within the driver's cab, a hoisting member being provided at the front portion of the upper rotating body so as to be capable of being hoisted, and a plurality of hook devices being hung by a single loop from each of the plurality of wire ropes hanging down from the tip of the hoisting member, The plurality of winch drums include a first winch drum for winding a first wire rope, a second winch drum for winding a second wire rope, and a third winch drum for winding a third wire rope, The plurality of hook devices include a first hook device that rises and falls by winding and unwinding the first wire rope, a second hook device that rises and falls by winding and unwinding the second wire rope, and a third hook device that rises and falls by winding and unwinding the third wire rope, A first drum operation lever for operating the first winch drum, a second drum operation lever for operating the second winch drum, and a third drum operation lever for operating the third winch drum are arranged on an operation stand provided in the cab, a first drum brake pedal for braking the first winch drum, a second drum brake pedal for braking the second winch drum, and a third drum brake pedal for braking the third winch drum are arranged on a floor of the cab; The first drum operation lever, the first drum brake pedal, and the first hook device are colored in the same color as a color associated with a first winch operation, The second drum operation lever, the second drum brake pedal, and the second hook device are colored in the same color as a color associated with a second winch operation different from the color associated with the first winch operation, A construction machine characterized in that the third drum operation lever, the third drum brake pedal, and the third hook device are colored in the same color as a color associated with a third winch operation which is different from the colors associated with the first and second winch operations.

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