Earthquake-resistant shelter and installation method thereof

Abstract

To provide an earthquake-resistant shelter that can be installed inside a room of an existing house in a short period of time and at a low cost, is strong enough to withstand severe shaking caused by a large-scale earthquake and is also comfortable as a living space because a space inside is also ensured.SOLUTION: An earthquake-resistant shelter 10 comprises square columns 50A, 50B, 50C, 50D erected at four corners of a room R1 of a house H1 and wall surfaces 20A, 20B, 20C, 20D along walls R30a, R30b, R30c, R30d of the room R1. A floor surface 40 surrounded by them is covered with flooring material, a ceiling is constructed at an upper part and an entrance door 62 that serves as a doorway 60 is provided at the wall surface 20C. These wall surfaces, floor surfaces and ceiling are constructed by assembling units made of aluminum members and structural plywood, and thus the earthquake-resistant shelter is easy to install while having excellent earthquake resistance, and can secure a safe space inside the existing house H1 in a short period of time.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 28

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an indoor earthquake-resistant shelter to be installed inside an existing wooden house or other such building, and a method for installing the same. [Background technology]

[0002] In recent years, as large-scale earthquake disasters occur in Japan and around the world, it is urgent to prevent human casualties. In particular, there is concern that serious accidents may occur in which residents are crushed under collapsed buildings when buildings such as houses collapse due to insufficient earthquake resistance. For this reason, it is necessary to understand the earthquake resistance of buildings and reinforce buildings if they are insufficient. However, in the case of old houses, even if it is determined that the earthquake resistance is insufficient, the entire house must be remodeled to increase the earthquake resistance, which requires a great deal of money, and it is often not easy to decide to do so.

[0003] In response to this, technology has been developed to install shelters within houses that can withstand collapse due to earthquakes, rather than increasing the earthquake resistance of the entire house. Such earthquake-resistant shelters are less expensive than increasing the strength of the entire building, and are therefore attracting attention as a measure against large-scale earthquake disasters. By installing earthquake-resistant shelters in bedrooms, living rooms, etc. and storing beds and other items inside, people can escape into the earthquake-resistant shelter when an earthquake occurs. In addition, since people sleep on beds inside the shelter during the night, it is possible to avoid serious human casualties caused by the collapse of the house.

[0004] As such an earthquake-resistant shelter, an earthquake-resistant unit is known that has a floor frame section made of a plurality of floor frame members arranged on the floor of a room, an upper surface section made of a plurality of upper frame members arranged on the upper part of the floor frame section, a side surface section made of the floor frame members, the upper frame members, and a plurality of support members connecting them, and an internal area surrounded by them (for example, Patent Document 1). This earthquake-resistant unit further has a plurality of beams that connect the upper frame members on the upper surface section, and the side surface section has a plurality of diagonal braces, each having an upper end portion that connects one of the upper frame members to one of the support members and a lower end portion that connects another one of the support members to one of the floor frame members. Such an earthquake-resistant unit is mainly assembled from metal materials, particularly robust steel members, and is intended to protect human lives by preventing the earthquake-resistant unit itself from breaking even if the house collapses during an earthquake.

[0005] However, there are various problems with this temporary evacuation type earthquake-resistant shelter. First, it is fine if a resident happens to be in the earthquake-resistant shelter when a large-scale earthquake occurs, but if not, the resident must move to the shelter. There is an emergency earthquake warning for the occurrence of an earthquake, but with current technology, there is only a few tens of seconds between the warning and the occurrence of the earthquake. It is extremely difficult for elderly people and people with disabilities in particular to move to an indoor earthquake-resistant shelter in such a short time. In addition, the structure of an earthquake-resistant shelter is mainly made of steel frames and is robust, so the interior gives an inorganic impression and the space is limited. For this reason, it is mentally and physically unsuitable as a living space to stay in for a long time. Therefore, wooden shelters that are installed indoors using wood suitable for indoor use as a structural material have been developed (for example, Patent Document 2). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] JP 2010-156174 A [Patent Document 2] Patent No. 5208141 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] However, earthquake-resistant shelters made of wood have a small internal space because they use wood with a large cross-sectional area to ensure the strength to withstand the violent shaking caused by a large earthquake. Also, in order to improve the strength of a wooden structure, the existing floor and walls at the installation site must be removed and rebuilt, which takes a long time to install and increases the installation cost. Furthermore, it has not been confirmed to what extent such wooden earthquake-resistant shelters can actually withstand the shaking of a large earthquake. As such, conventional wooden earthquake-resistant shelters have various problems.

[0008] The present invention has been made under the above circumstances, and aims to provide an earthquake-resistant shelter to be installed inside a room of an existing house, which has the strength to withstand the violent shaking caused by a large-scale earthquake, has interior space to ensure comfort as a living space, and can be installed at low cost in a short period of time. Another aim of the present invention is to provide an installation method for installing such an earthquake-resistant shelter inside a house. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] In order to achieve the above object, an earthquake-resistant shelter according to a first aspect of the present invention comprises: An earthquake-resistant shelter to be installed inside a room of an existing house, A floor member laid on the floor surface of the room; A plurality of pillar members erected on an outer periphery of the floor member; A plurality of wall units attached between the plurality of pillar members; a plurality of ceiling units supported by the plurality of column members and the plurality of wall units and attached to a lower portion of the ceiling of the room; The wall unit and the ceiling unit are characterized in that they are made by attaching structural plywood to a framework of aluminum members.

[0010] The earthquake-resistant shelter preferably further comprises a second floor member laid on a surface of the floor member surrounded by the plurality of wall units.

[0011] In the earthquake-resistant shelter, it is preferable that the floor member and the second floor member are made of structural plywood, and the pillar members are made of aluminum members.

[0012] In the earthquake-resistant shelter, the aluminum components are preferably aluminum alloy materials for architectural structures.

[0013] The earthquake-resistant shelter preferably has a non-combustible material provided on the outside of the wall unit and / or the ceiling unit and / or the second floor member.

[0014] In order to achieve the above object, a method for installing an earthquake-resistant shelter according to a second aspect of the present invention comprises: A method for installing an earthquake-resistant shelter inside a room of an existing house, comprising: laying a first floor member on a floor surface of the room; A step of erecting a plurality of pillar members on an outer periphery of the floor member; a step of attaching a plurality of wall units sandwiched between the plurality of pillar members; A step of laying a second floor member on a surface of the first floor member surrounded by the plurality of wall units; a step of attaching a ceiling unit supported by the plurality of column members and the plurality of wall units to a ceiling of the room; Equipped with The pillar member is made of an aluminum member, The wall unit and the ceiling unit are characterized in that they are formed by fixing structural plywood to a framework made of aluminum members.

[0015] In the earthquake-resistant shelter installation method, it is preferable that the first floor member and the second floor member are made of structural plywood, and the aluminum member is an aluminum alloy material for architectural structures.

[0016] In the earthquake-resistant shelter installation method, it is preferable to attach a non-combustible material to the outside of the wall unit and / or the ceiling unit and / or the second floor member.

[0017] In the earthquake-resistant shelter installation method, the existing house is preferably a wooden house. Effect of the Invention

[0018] The earthquake-resistant shelter according to the present invention has a strong structure composed of wall units and ceiling units made by combining aluminum members with structural plywood, and can ensure a safe space in an existing house. This makes it possible to provide an earthquake-resistant shelter that has excellent earthquake resistance performance that can withstand violent shaking caused by a large-scale earthquake, is easy to install, and is comfortable to live in. Furthermore, according to the installation method for an earthquake-resistant shelter according to the present invention, an earthquake-resistant shelter with excellent earthquake resistance and load-bearing performance can be installed inexpensively and in a short period of time in an existing house made of various structures and materials. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0019] [Figure 1] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a case where an existing house in which an earthquake-resistant shelter according to an embodiment of the present invention is installed collapses. [Diagram 2] FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a state in which an earthquake-resistant shelter according to an embodiment of the present invention is installed in a room of an existing house. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is a front view showing three types of wall unit frames that make up the walls of the earthquake-resistant shelter according to this embodiment. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a plan view of the earthquake-resistant shelter according to the present embodiment. [Diagram 5] FIG. 1 is a plan view showing the structure of an earthquake-resistant shelter according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] This is a plan view showing the structure of the ceiling unit frame of an earthquake-resistant shelter. [Figure 7]1 is a plan view showing the state in which a reinforcing pipe is installed on a ceiling. FIG. [Figure 8] This is an elevation view showing the rear wall as seen from inside the earthquake-resistant shelter. [Figure 9] This is an elevation view showing the right side wall as seen from the inside. [Figure 10] This is an elevation view showing the wall on the front side (entrance side) as seen from inside. [Figure 11] This is an elevation view showing the left wall as seen from the inside. [Figure 12] 4 is a flowchart showing a method for installing the earthquake-resistant shelter according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 13] 13 is a plan view showing details of the structure for fixing the square pillars installed at the four corners of the floor member to the floor surface. FIG. [Figure 14] A partial vertical cross-sectional view showing details of the structure for fixing the square pillars to the four corners of the floor surface. [Figure 15] This is a partial vertical cross-sectional view showing a part of the vertical cross-section from the ceiling to the floor of an earthquake-resistant shelter. [Figure 16] This is a partial vertical cross-sectional view showing a vertical cross-section from the ceiling to the floor at the entrance / exit portion of an earthquake-resistant shelter. [Figure 17] 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a vertical cross section from the ceiling to the floor surface on the rear side. [Figure 18] This is a vertical cross-sectional view perpendicular to the entrance / exit surface, showing the cross-section from the ceiling to the floor and the entrance / exit portion. [Figure 19] This is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a vertical cross-section parallel to the entrance / exit surface from the ceiling to the floor surface. [Figure 20] FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the mounting structure between the square pillars and the wall unit of the earthquake-resistant shelter of the first embodiment. [Figure 21] This is a partial vertical cross-sectional view showing the cross-sectional structure of the entrance door portion of the earthquake-resistant shelter. [Figure 22] FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a cross section of an entrance door portion. [Figure 23] 1 is a plan view and a front view showing the mounting structure of the ceiling beams of an earthquake-resistant shelter. [Figure 24]FIG. 4 is a side view showing the mounting structure of the ceiling beam. [Diagram 25] 1 is a plan view and a side view showing an attachment structure at the middle portion of a ceiling beam. [Figure 26] 1 is a plan view and a front view showing an installation structure at the middle portion of a ceiling beam. [Figure 27] 1A and 1B are partial plan and front views showing details of the mounting structure between the square pillars and the wall surface at the four corners of the earthquake-resistant shelter in accordance with Example 1. [Figure 28] FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the floor and under-floor structure of the room in which the earthquake-resistant shelter will be installed. [Figure 29] This is a plan view showing the walls of an existing house and room, and the corner pillars and walls of an earthquake-resistant shelter installed inside it. [Diagram 30] This is an elevational view showing the structure of the ceiling, floor, and under-floor areas of an existing house and room, and the earthquake-resistant shelter installed inside them. [Diagram 31] This is a partial vertical cross-sectional view and a partial horizontal cross-sectional view showing the height and position of the earthquake-resistant shelter in relation to each part of the existing room. [Diagram 32] 13 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the connection structure between two wall surfaces and a square pillar at a first corner of an earthquake-resistant shelter according to a second embodiment. FIG. [Diagram 33] 13 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the connection structure between the two wall surfaces and the square pillar at the second corner of the earthquake-resistant shelter of Example 2. FIG. [Diagram 34] 13 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the connection structure between two wall surfaces and a square pillar at a third corner of an earthquake-resistant shelter according to Example 2. FIG. [Diagram 35] 13 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the connection structure between two wall surfaces and a square pillar at a fourth corner of an earthquake-resistant shelter according to Example 2. FIG. [Diagram 36] 13 is a partial cross-sectional view, a partial vertical cross-sectional view, and a front view showing a method of attaching a member used to connect a wall surface and a rectangular column in Example 2. FIG. [Figure 37] FIG. 11 is a plan view showing a ceiling panel with an interior light attached to the ceiling of an earthquake-resistant shelter in accordance with a third embodiment, as viewed from below. [Figure 38]FIG. 11 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a method of installing an interior light-equipped ceiling panel according to a third embodiment, in a cross section parallel to an entrance wall surface. [Figure 39] FIG. 11 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a method of installing an interior light-equipped ceiling panel according to a third embodiment, in a cross section perpendicular to an entrance wall surface. [Diagram 40] FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure for supporting a ceiling panel with an interior light according to a third embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0020] An earthquake-resistant shelter in a form for implementing the present invention (hereinafter also referred to as the "earthquake-resistant shelter in this embodiment") is an indoor-installation type earthquake-resistant shelter that is installed inside a room of an existing house, and is designed to provide protection from house collapse and fire in the event of a large-scale earthquake, as well as to be usable as living space after a disaster.

[0021] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a case where an existing house H1 in which an earthquake-resistant shelter 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention is installed collapses. The earthquake-resistant shelter 10 according to this embodiment has excellent strength and earthquake resistance, and is installed in a room of the existing house H1 as shown in FIG. 1(a). Even if the house H1 collapses due to a large-scale earthquake or the like as shown in FIG. 1(b), the sturdy structure can be maintained even when subjected to the shaking of the earthquake or the weight of the collapsed house. Therefore, there is no need for expensive earthquake-resistant construction, and safety against large-scale earthquakes can be ensured simply by installing the shelter in a room of the existing house H1.

[0022] In order to achieve this purpose, the earthquake-resistant shelter 10 according to this embodiment comprises floor members laid on the floor surface of an existing room, a plurality of column members erected on the outer periphery of the floor members, a plurality of wall units attached between the plurality of column members, and a plurality of ceiling units supported by the plurality of column members and the plurality of wall units and attached to the lower part of the ceiling of the room. These structural members are mainly composed of aluminum members that combine high strength and light weight, and structural plywood that combines rigidity and toughness.

[0023] That is, structural plywood is used for the floor members laid on the floor surface, and aluminum members, for example aluminum rectangular columns with a substantially square cross section, are used for the pillar members. The wall unit and ceiling unit are constructed by fitting structural plywood into a unit frame formed by assembling aluminum members. These aluminum members have the necessary thickness and cross-sectional area to provide the strength to withstand impacts and stresses, and because they are made of aluminum material, their weight is kept to a minimum. In this way, the earthquake-resistant shelter according to this embodiment has a strong structure that can withstand the violent shaking of a large-scale earthquake, since the floor, pillar members, walls, and ceiling are constructed of aluminum members and structural plywood that have excellent strength and toughness, and therefore can ensure a safe space within the house.

[0024] In addition, because structural plywood is used for the floor members, wall units, and ceiling units, the inner surfaces of the earthquake-resistant shelter are made of wood, creating a comfortable living space while ensuring safety. Furthermore, by combining non-combustible materials such as calcium silicate boards (hereinafter also referred to as "calcium silicate boards") with the undersides of the floor members and the outer surfaces of the wall units and ceiling units, it is possible to impart fire resistance to these structural members. Furthermore, to further improve livability and fire resistance, fire-resistant cloth and fire-resistant carpets can be laid on the inner surfaces of the floors, walls, and ceilings.

[0025] In order to shorten delivery times and reduce costs, a construction method is adopted in which the above-mentioned units are prepared in advance by combining aluminum members with structural plywood, and these products are then brought into an existing room and assembled inside. In this construction method, it is preferable that the installation can be completed only by working inside the room. In order to assemble the above-mentioned units to each other only by working from inside the room, various fasteners such as hexagonal bolts and hexagonal socket bolts are used.

[0026] More specifically, the wall unit has a structure in which structural plywood is attached to a wall unit frame formed of aluminum structural shaped material as an aluminum member. The ceiling unit is also formed by combining a ceiling unit frame made of aluminum structural shaped material with structural plywood. The wall unit is sandwiched and fixed between a number of square pillars also made of aluminum structural shaped material. Since the planar shape of a room in a typical existing house is rectangular or square, the four walls are made of one or more wall units, and are connected to each other at an angle of about 90 degrees via the square pillars.

[0027] For the aluminum structural shapes constituting the square columns, wall units, and ceiling units, it is preferable to use aluminum alloy materials for architectural structures, for example, structural material A6N01SS-T5. In addition, for the structural plywood used for the wall units, ceiling units, and floor members, structural plywood approved by the Japanese Agricultural Standards (JAS) as structural plywood used in important parts of the structure of a building can be used. In the earthquake-resistant shelter according to the embodiment of the present invention, structural plywood is used for the wall units, ceiling units, and floor members from the viewpoint of contributing to environmental protection and cost reduction.

[0028] In the installation process of the earthquake-resistant shelter according to this embodiment, the square columns of the column members and the beams supporting the ceiling are assembled by, for example, fixing L-shaped metal fittings to both the square columns and the beams with hexagonal bolts or hexagonal socket bolts. These L-shaped metal fittings, hexagonal bolts, hexagonal socket bolts, wood screws, and other parts are made of ordinary metal materials such as stainless steel. The L-shaped metal fittings can also be made of aluminum structural members.

[0029] The specific structure of the earthquake-resistant shelter according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings. First, the schematic configuration of the earthquake-resistant shelter according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to Figs. 2 to 4.

[0030] Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing an earthquake-resistant shelter according to an embodiment of the present invention installed in a room of an existing house. Fig. 3 is a front view showing three types of wall unit frames constituting the wall of the earthquake-resistant shelter according to this embodiment. Fig. 4 is a plan view of the earthquake-resistant shelter according to this embodiment.

[0031] As shown in Fig. 2, the earthquake-resistant shelter 10 according to this embodiment is installed inside one room R1 of an existing house H1. In order to enable installation in a general wooden house, the main frame is made of aluminum alloy material for architectural construction, making it an earthquake-resistant shelter that can be assembled. Here, the room R1 shown in Fig. 2 is a Japanese-style room with six tatami mats, and an earthquake-resistant shelter 10 with a roughly square planar shape for a four-and-a-half tatami mat room is installed therein.

[0032] The earthquake-resistant shelter 10 has an entrance 60 on one of the four walls. The earthquake-resistant shelter 10 is installed inside the room R1 so that the entrance 60 faces the opening R1a of the room R1. If the longitudinal length of the room R1 is L1 and the length of the earthquake-resistant shelter 10 is L10, then a distance L2 is created between the entrance 60 and the opening R1a. With this distance L2, the outward-opening entrance door (described below) attached to the entrance 60 will not be hindered from opening and closing.

[0033] Aluminum alloy materials for architectural construction are used for the aluminum structural shapes that constitute the wall unit frames and ceiling unit frames. In this embodiment, structural material A6N01SS-T5 is used as the aluminum alloy material for architectural construction. In addition, in places where high strength is not required and aluminum alloy materials for architectural construction are not necessary, aluminum members such as aluminum shaped materials A6063-T5 can also be used.

[0034] Here, the wall unit frames constituting the frame portion of the wall unit will be described with reference to Fig. 3. As shown in Fig. 3, three types of wall unit frames 21a, 21b, and 21c are used as the frame portion of the wall unit. As described above, the wall unit frames 21a, 21b, and 21c are made of high-strength aluminum alloy material for architectural structures (structural material A6N01SS-T5).

[0035] The wall unit frames 21a, 21b, 21c have outer dimensions (outer dimensions) and inner dimensions (inner dimensions) in the height direction of t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, and t7, respectively, and have outer dimensions and inner dimensions in the width direction of w1, w2, w3c, w4, w5, and w6, respectively. Two or more types of these three types of wall unit frames 21a, 21b, and 21c are combined and installed on the four wall surfaces of the earthquake-resistant shelter 10. The combination of the three types of wall unit frames 21a, 21b, and 21c is selected depending on the height and width of the installation surface.

[0036] Next, the schematic structure of the earthquake-resistant shelter 10 will be described with reference to the plan view of Fig. 4. As shown in Fig. 4, the four walls 20A, 20B, 20C, and 20D of the earthquake-resistant shelter 10 are surrounded by wall units in which structural plywood is combined with wall unit frames 21a, 21b, and 21c shown in Fig. 3. Furthermore, four square pillars 50A, 50B, 50C, and 50D are erected as pillar members at the four corners of the earthquake-resistant shelter 10.

[0037] As will be described in detail later, the procedure for installing the earthquake-resistant shelter 10 is as follows: first, the square pillars 50A, 50B, 50C, and 50D are fixed to the floor surface, and then wall units are fixed between the four square pillars to form the walls 20A, 20B, 20C, and 20D. Floor members are laid on the inner floor surface surrounded by these walls 20A, 20B, 20C, and 20D and the square pillars 50A, 50B, 50C, and 50D to form the floor surface 40 of the earthquake-resistant shelter 10. In addition, an opening 61 that serves as an entrance 60 is provided in the wall 20C, and an entrance door 62 is attached to it.

[0038] The earthquake-resistant shelter 10 constructed in this way forms a safe space with excellent earthquake resistance inside the room R1 of the wooden house H1. Furthermore, the wall units, floor members, and square columns that are the components of the earthquake-resistant shelter 10 are all manufactured with a minimum thickness and cross-sectional area, so the space inside the room is hardly narrowed at all. This makes it possible to make the inside of the earthquake-resistant shelter 10 a comfortable living space. EXAMPLES

[0039] Next, more detailed embodiments of the earthquake-resistant shelter and the installation method thereof according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, the following embodiments are intended to further explain the present invention by giving specific examples, and are not intended to limit the content of the present invention.

[0040] [Example 1] First, the basic structure and components of an earthquake-resistant shelter according to a first embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter, also referred to as "the earthquake-resistant shelter according to the first embodiment") will be described with reference to Figs. 5 to 11.

[0041] Fig. 5 is a plan view showing the structure of an earthquake-resistant shelter according to Example 1 of the present invention. Fig. 6 is a plan view showing the structure of a ceiling unit frame of an earthquake-resistant shelter. Fig. 7 is a plan view showing a state in which reinforcing pipes are installed on the ceiling. Fig. 8 is an elevation view showing the wall surface on the rear side as seen from inside the earthquake-resistant shelter. Fig. 9 is an elevation view showing the wall surface on the right side as seen from inside. Fig. 10 is an elevation view showing the wall surface on the front side (entrance side) as seen from inside. Fig. 11 is an elevation view showing the wall surface on the left side as seen from inside.

[0042] As shown in the plan view of Fig. 5, the earthquake-resistant shelter 10 according to this embodiment has an outer periphery formed by four square pillars 50A, 50B, 50C, and 50D erected at the four corners and four surrounding walls 20A, 20B, 20C, and 20D, and the floor surface surrounded by the outer periphery is covered with four different sizes of second floor members 43a, 43b, 43c, and 43d. An entrance 60 for the earthquake-resistant shelter 10 is provided on the wall 20C.

[0043] As previously explained in Fig. 2, the earthquake-resistant shelter 10 is installed inside the room R1 in the existing house H1. That is, the square pillars 50A, 50B, 50C, and 50D and the walls 20A, 20B, 20C, and 20D are constructed inside the existing walls of the room R1. The second floor members 43a, 43b, 43c, and 43d are further laid on the first floor members (described later) laid on the existing floor surface of the room.

[0044] As shown in Fig. 6, the ceiling unit frame constituting the ceiling unit 31 of the earthquake-resistant shelter 10 according to this embodiment is formed by combining ceiling unit frame members 31a, 31b, 31c, and 31d made of four types of aluminum structural shapes. Aluminum alloy material for architectural construction is used as the aluminum structural shapes. The ceiling unit frame members 31a, 31b, 31c, and 31d according to this embodiment are made of structural material A6N01SS-T5 as the aluminum alloy material for architectural construction.

[0045] Hard rubber plates 33 are attached to each portion of the ceiling unit 31. A thick, rigid, and lightweight ceiling unit 31 is constructed by fixing structural plywood to the ceiling unit frame members 31a, 31b, 31c, and 31d via these hard rubber plates 33. A calcium silicate board is attached as a non-combustible material to the upper surface of the structural plywood fixed to the ceiling unit 31. This forms a ceiling unit 31 that is both strong and fireproof. As shown in FIG. 6, the ceiling of the earthquake-resistant shelter 10 according to this embodiment is constructed by connecting six ceiling units 31 together.

[0046] As shown in the roof plan of Fig. 6, reinforcing pipes 32 with a substantially rectangular cross section are attached as shock absorbing materials on top of these six ceiling units 31. The reinforcing pipes 32 are long pipes made of 3 mm thick stainless steel, with cross-sectional dimensions of 60 mm x 30 mm and a length of approximately 2.6 m, and seven of them are attached in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the ceiling units 31. The seven reinforcing pipes 32 are attached for the purpose of absorbing and mitigating the impact on the ceiling of the earthquake-resistant shelter 10 and protecting the ceiling in the event that the roof of the house collapses due to a major earthquake. For this reason, the reinforcing pipes 32 are made of steel such as stainless steel that does not collapse when impacted.

[0047] Next, the configuration of each wall surface as viewed from inside the earthquake-resistant shelter 10 will be described with reference to Fig. 8 to Fig. 11. Fig. 8 shows the configuration of the wall surface 20A of the earthquake-resistant shelter 10 as viewed from inside. The ceiling 30 of the earthquake-resistant shelter 10 is composed of a ceiling unit that combines the above-mentioned ceiling unit frame member with structural plywood and calcium silicate board. The wall surface 20A is formed by fixing three wall surface units between square pillars 50A and 50D. Two wall surface units 20a and one wall surface unit 20b are used as the three wall surface units.

[0048] The wall unit 20a is made by fixing structural plywood and calcium silicate board to the wall unit frame 21a described in Fig. 3, and further applying fireproof cloth to the inner surface. The wall unit 20b is made by fixing structural plywood and calcium silicate board to the wall unit frame 21b shown in Fig. 3, and applying fireproof cloth to the inner surface. The floor surface 40 of the earthquake-resistant shelter 10 is made of double-layered floor members, and these floor members are made by bonding together structural plywood, calcium silicate board, and fireproof carpet.

[0049] 9 is an elevational view of the wall surface 20B of the earthquake-resistant shelter 10 as seen from inside. The wall surface 20B uses one wall surface unit 20a and two wall surface units 20b as three wall surface units fixed between the rectangular columns 50A and 50B. Of these, an exhaust port 12A is provided at the top of the wall surface unit 20a. The exhaust port 12A has a vent that opens and closes with air pressure, and exhausts the air inside the earthquake-resistant shelter 10 according to the airflow generated inside the earthquake-resistant shelter 10. The exhaust port 12A, together with the air intake port 12B described later in FIG. 11, performs natural ventilation inside the earthquake-resistant shelter 10.

[0050] Fig. 10 is an elevational view of the wall surface 20C of the earthquake-resistant shelter 10 as seen from inside. The wall surface 20C uses two wall surface units 20b and one wall surface unit 20c as three wall surface units fixed between the square pillars 50B and 50C. The wall surface unit 20c constitutes an entrance door 62, which is also made by fixing structural plywood and calcium silicate board to a wall surface unit frame 21c and attaching a fireproof cloth to the inner surface, like the other wall units. The entrance door 62 is supported by a pair of door posts with door hinges, and a pair of entrance door handles 63A, 63B are attached to open, close, and lock the entrance door 62.

[0051] FIG. 11 is an elevational view of the wall surface 20D of the earthquake-resistant shelter 10 seen from inside. The wall surface 20D is formed by fixing two wall surface units 20a and one wall surface unit 20b between the square pillars 50C and 50D. An air intake port 12B is provided at the bottom of one of the two wall surface units 20a. The air intake port 12B also has a vent that opens and closes by air pressure, similar to the above-mentioned exhaust port 12A, and is located diagonally opposite the exhaust port 12A of the wall surface 20B. Therefore, the air taken in from the air intake port 12B circulates throughout the inside of the earthquake-resistant shelter 10 and is exhausted from the exhaust port 12A. In this way, the inside of the earthquake-resistant shelter 10 is naturally ventilated. Furthermore, the air intake port 12B is provided with a damper that senses temperature and operates, and automatically closes the air intake port 12B when the outside temperature reaches 70°C or higher. This makes it possible to reliably prevent flames and toxic gases from entering the earthquake-resistant shelter 10 in the event of an external fire.

[0052] Next, a method for installing the earthquake-resistant shelter 10 according to the first embodiment having such a structure will be described with reference to Fig. 12. Fig. 12 is a flow chart showing the procedure for installing the earthquake-resistant shelter 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] The procedure for installing the earthquake-resistant shelter 10 in the room R1 of the existing building H1 is as follows: when starting installation of the earthquake-resistant shelter 10 (step S10), first, the underfloor structure of the room R1 (the structure described in FIG. 28) is investigated. Depending on the results of the investigation, some of the underfloor structure may need to be renovated. If there is no problem with the strength of the underfloor, the floor member 40 is brought into the room R1, and the first floor member (structural plywood) 41 is laid on the floor surface (step S11). Next, four square pillars 50 are brought into the room R1, and the square pillar holders 51 are fixed to the four corners of the floor member 40 with four hexagonal flange tapping screws 52, and the square pillars 50 are fixed to the square pillar holders 51 and erected (step S12).

[0054] Next, four wall units 20 are carried in, and one or more wall units 20 are fitted and fixed between each pair of square columns 50 along the wall surface of the room R1 (step S13). Furthermore, a second floor member 43 is carried in the room R1, and the second floor member 41 is laid on the surface of the first floor member 41 that was laid initially, surrounded by the four wall units 20 (step S14).

[0055] Next, six ceiling units 31 are carried into the room R1 and placed on the four wall surfaces 20 and the four square columns 50 (step S15). Then, the six ceiling units 31 are assembled and fixed on the four wall surfaces 20 and the four square columns 50 (step S16). Furthermore, an entrance door 62 is attached to a pair of door posts 71 provided on the left and right sides of the opening on the wall surface 20C with an opening by door hinges 72 (step S17). The above procedure completes the installation of the earthquake-resistant shelter 10 (step S20).

[0056] Thus, in the installation process of the earthquake-resistant shelter 10 according to this embodiment, the wall unit 20, ceiling unit 31, first floor member 41, second floor member 43, and square column 50 are not joined by welding, but are fixed to each other with screw members such as bolts. This eliminates the need for the labor of bringing in a welding machine and welding skills, and allows even ordinary people who are not construction workers to assemble. Another effect is that the degree of freedom in the installation process is increased.

[0057] The wall unit frames 21a, 21b, and 21c that constitute the wall unit 20, the ceiling unit frame 32 that constitutes the ceiling unit 31, and the square columns 50A, 50B, 50C, and 50D are all made of aluminum alloy, so they are light in weight and can be carried in, installed, assembled, and fixed with screws by hand. Therefore, heavy machinery such as cranes and jacks is not required, and installation work can be completed easily and in a short period of time.

[0058] In addition, the wall unit 20, ceiling unit 31, first floor member 41, and second floor member 43 are delivered as pre-assembled products in a factory, which shortens the construction period at the site. Furthermore, by standardizing the materials and dimensions of the wall unit 20, ceiling unit 31, first floor member 41, second floor member 43, and square columns 50A, 50B, 50C, and 50D, mass production becomes possible, which reduces costs.

[0059] The earthquake-resistant shelter 10 thus installed creates a safe space with excellent earthquake resistance inside the room R1 of an existing house H1, such as a wooden house. Furthermore, the main components of the earthquake-resistant shelter 10, the wall unit 20, the ceiling unit 31, the first floor member 41, the second floor member 43, and the square pillars 50, are all constructed with a minimum thickness, so the space inside the room R1 is hardly narrowed at all. This makes it possible to make the inside of the earthquake-resistant shelter 10 a comfortable living space.

[0060] Next, the structure of each part constituting the earthquake-resistant shelter 10 will be described with reference to Figs. 13 to 19. Fig. 13 is a plan view showing details of the structure for fixing the square pillars installed at the four corners of the floor member to the floor surface. Fig. 14 is a partial vertical cross-sectional view showing details of the structure for fixing the square pillars to the four corners of the floor surface. Fig. 15 is a partial vertical cross-sectional view showing a part of the vertical cross-section from the ceiling to the floor surface of the earthquake-resistant shelter. Fig. 16 is a partial vertical cross-sectional view showing a vertical cross-section from the ceiling to the floor surface at the entrance / exit part of the earthquake-resistant shelter. Fig. 17 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a vertical cross-section from the ceiling to the floor surface on the rear side. Fig. 18 is a vertical cross-sectional view perpendicular to the entrance / exit surface showing a cross-section from the ceiling to the floor surface and the entrance / exit part. Fig. 19 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a vertical cross-section parallel to the entrance / exit surface from the ceiling to the floor surface.

[0061] First, as explained in step S12 of the flow chart in Fig. 12, a structure in which four square pillars 50 are erected at the four corners of the floor member 40 in room R1 will be explained with reference to Fig. 13 and Fig. 14. As shown in the overall plan view of Fig. 13, square pillars 50A, 50B, 50C, and 50D are erected at the four corners of the earthquake-resistant shelter 10. To explain the specific procedure using square pillar 50C as an example, first, as shown in the enlarged view of Fig. 13 and Fig. 14, a square pillar support 51 is fastened and fixed to the floor surface with four hexagonal flange tapping screws 52.

[0062] Here, as shown in Figure 14, the second floor members 43 are not laid at the four corners of the earthquake-resistant shelter 10, and the floor surface at the four corners is composed only of the first floor members 41. The square pillar support 51 is screwed to this first floor member 41 with four hexagonal flange tapping screws 52. The square pillar 50C is fitted into this square pillar support 51 from above, and is fixed from both side surfaces of the square pillar support 51 with countersunk screws 58a and round head screws 58b. In this way, the four square pillars including the square pillar 50C are firmly fixed to the floor surface and stand upright.

[0063] Next, the cross-sectional structure of each part of the earthquake-resistant shelter 10 will be described with reference to Figs. 15 to 19. As shown in Fig. 15, a square pillar 50C is erected at one end of the wall surface, and the square pillar 50C is fixed to the floor surface with four hexagonal flange tapping screws 52. A double layer of floor members is laid on the floor surface, and a first floor member 41 made of structural plywood is laid on the floor surface of the existing room. A second floor member 43 made of structural plywood 45 and calcium silicate board 46 is laid on the first floor member 41. The structural plywood 45 of the second floor member 43 is fastened and fixed to the first floor member 41 with floor member joining screws 44. Furthermore, a fireproof carpet 47 is attached on the second floor member 43. A plurality of hexagonal socket bolts 53 are used to join the wall unit, ceiling unit, and square pillars to each other. The cross section of the reinforcing pipe 32 described above is shown in the ceiling part of Fig. 15.

[0064] As shown in FIG. 16, the floor surface of the entrance area has the same structure as above. A first floor member 41 made of structural plywood is laid, and a second floor member 43 made of structural plywood 45 and calcium silicate board 46 is laid on the first floor member 41. The structural plywood 45 of the second floor member 43 is fastened and fixed to the first floor member 41 with floor member joining screws 44. A fireproof carpet 47 is attached to the second floor member 43. Although the present embodiment 1 describes a case where boards are attached to the floor surface, the earthquake-resistant shelter 10 can also be made to have a Japanese-style room style by laying tatami mats on the floor surface. When laying tatami mats, it is preferable that the thickness of the tatami mats is about 30 mm.

[0065] As shown in Fig. 17, a square pillar 50D is erected at one end of the wall on the rear side of the earthquake-resistant shelter 10. The square pillar 50D is also fixed to the floor surface with four hexagonal flange tapping screws 52. As shown in Fig. 18, even in the entrance area, a second floor member 43 made of structural plywood 45 and calcium silicate board 46 is laid on top of a first floor member made of structural plywood. The structural plywood 45 of the second floor member 43 is fastened and fixed to the first floor member 41 with floor member joining screws 44. A fire-retardant carpet 47 is attached to the second floor member 43.

[0066] 19, the ceiling unit 31 of the earthquake-resistant shelter 10 is constructed by incorporating structural plywood 35 and calcium silicate board 36 into the above-mentioned ceiling unit frame. The underside of the ceiling unit 31 is in close contact with beam material 55, sandwiching hard rubber plate 33 between them. Beam material 55 has a hollow portion 55a, and is lightweight while having high strength.

[0067] Next, the mounting structure and support structure of each member constituting the earthquake-resistant shelter 10 will be described with reference to Figs. 20 to 26. Fig. 20 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the mounting structure between the square pillars and the wall unit of the earthquake-resistant shelter. Fig. 21 is a partial vertical cross-sectional view showing the cross-sectional structure of the entrance door part of the earthquake-resistant shelter. Fig. 22 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the cross section of the entrance door part. Fig. 23 is a plan view and a front view showing the mounting structure of the ceiling beam of the earthquake-resistant shelter. Fig. 24 is a side view showing the mounting structure of the ceiling beam of the earthquake-resistant shelter. Fig. 25 is a plan view and a side view showing the mounting structure at the middle part of the ceiling beam. Fig. 26 is a plan view and a front view showing the mounting structure at the middle part of the ceiling beam.

[0068] The wall units 20a, 20b, and 20c that constitute the walls of the earthquake-resistant shelter 10 are fixed to the square columns 50A, 50B, 50C, and 50D, and are also fixed between adjacent walls. That is, as shown in FIG. 20, the wall units that constitute the adjacent walls 20B and 20C are fastened to the square column 50B with hexagonal socket bolts 53 and hexagonal bolts 54. The walls 20B and 20C are also fastened to each other with hexagonal socket bolts 53 via L-shaped metal fittings (large) 56A. By adopting such a strong mounting structure, earthquake resistance is improved, especially against strong lateral (horizontal) shaking during an earthquake.

[0069] As shown in the partial vertical cross-sectional view of Fig. 21, the entrance door 62 has a structure in which a door plywood 65 is bonded to a door calcium silicate board 66. Above the entrance door 62, an upper door beam 73 is fixed to the wall surface 20C with screws. Also, as shown in the partial horizontal cross-sectional view of Fig. 22, a pair of door posts 71 are erected on both sides of the entrance door 62. The entrance door 62 is not fixed to the wall surface 20C, but is installed outside the wall surface 20C together with the door posts 71 in order to prevent the entrance door 62 from becoming unable to open or close if the wall surface 20C is distorted by an earthquake.

[0070] Therefore, the door support pillar 71 and the upper door beam material 73 are aluminum square pipe members, but since high strength is not required and it is preferable that they will come off the entrance door 62 due to the shock of an earthquake, square pipes made of aluminum profile A6063-T5 are used. The entrance door 62 is rotatably attached to one door support pillar 71 by a door hinge 72. The entrance door 62 is equipped with a pair of upper and lower door handles 63A and 63B (not shown in Figure 22. See Figure 10).

[0071] On the inside of the entrance door 62, the opposite side of the gripped portion of the door handle 63A is a handle tip 64. Also, a handle tip engagement portion 74 is provided on the inside of the wall surface 20C. Furthermore, on the outside of the wall surface 20C, a seal portion 76 made of a heat-resistant elastic material is laid along the outer periphery of the entrance door 62. As the heat-resistant elastic material, for example, neoprene rubber can be used. The entrance door 62 is locked from the inside by gripping the door handle 63A from inside the earthquake-resistant shelter 10 to close the entrance door 62, and then rotating the door handle 63A to fit the handle tip 64 into the handle tip engagement portion 74.

[0072] At the same time, the outer periphery of the entrance door 62 comes into close contact with the seal part 76 laid on the outside of the wall surface 20C, making the inside of the earthquake-resistant shelter 10 an airtight space. As a result, even if a fire breaks out inside the house due to a large earthquake, the earthquake-resistant shelter 10 will be able to avoid the fire spreading because the entire outer periphery of the wall surface 20C, the entrance door 62, etc. is covered with the calcium silicate boards 25, 66, etc. In addition, the seal part 76 made of heat-resistant elastic rubber can prevent toxic gases generated by a fire from entering the inside of the earthquake-resistant shelter 10.

[0073] Figures 23 and 24 are partial cross-sectional views showing the mounting structure of the ceiling beams of an earthquake-resistant shelter, with Figure 23 being a plan view and a front view, and Figure 24 being a side view. As shown in Figure 23, beam material 55 constituting the ceiling beam is attached to beam material 55 constituting the wall surface of earthquake-resistant shelter 10. Specifically, as shown in Figure 23, a pair of L-shaped metal fittings (large) 56A are fixed to both sides of the tip of beam material 55 with multiple hexagon socket bolts 53, and the pair of L-shaped metal fittings (large) 56A are each fixed to wall surface 20 with multiple hexagon socket bolts 53.

[0074] 24, the beams 55 constituting the wall surface 20 of the earthquake-resistant shelter 10 are fixed to the ceiling unit 31 constituting the ceiling 30 of the earthquake-resistant shelter 10 with hexagon socket bolts 53. As described above, the structural plywood 35 and the calcium silicate board 36 are attached to the ceiling unit frame to form the ceiling unit 31. Furthermore, an L-shaped metal fitting (large) 56A is fixed to the underside of the beams 55 with a hexagon socket bolt 53, and this L-shaped metal fitting (large) 56A is fixed to the wall surface 20 with a hexagon socket bolt 53. In this way, the beams 55 are fastened and fixed from multiple directions to form an extremely strong framework that will not bend even under large shaking caused by an earthquake.

[0075] Fig. 25 is a plan view and a side view showing the mounting structure at the middle part of the ceiling beam. Fig. 26 is a plan view and an elevation view showing the mounting structure at the middle part of the ceiling beam. As shown in Fig. 25 and Fig. 26, at the middle part of the ceiling beam (beam material 55) of the earthquake-resistant shelter 10, four L-shaped metal fittings (medium) 56B and L-shaped metal fittings (small) 56C are fastened and fixed from all four sides with a plurality of hexagon socket bolts 53. Also, as shown in the elevation view of Fig. 26, at the middle part of the beam material 55, a hard rubber plate 33 is sandwiched in the part that comes into contact with the ceiling unit 31.

[0076] Next, the mounting structure between the square pillars and the wall surfaces at the four corners of the earthquake-resistant shelter 10 according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 27. FIG. 27 is a plan view and an elevation view showing a cross section of the mounting structure between the square pillars and the wall surfaces of the earthquake-resistant shelter 10 according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 27, the beams 55 constituting the adjacent wall surfaces 20 of the earthquake-resistant shelter 10 are joined together. Specifically, the tips of the beams 55 of the adjacent wall surfaces 20 are fixed to the square pillar 50 from the hollow portion side within the square pillar 50 with a plurality of hexagon socket bolts 53 and hexagon bolts 54. Then, the L-shaped metal fittings (large) 56A are fastened and fixed to both of the beams 55 of the adjacent wall surfaces 20 with a plurality of hexagon socket bolts 53, so that the adjacent wall surfaces 20 are firmly joined together.

[0077] The wall units 20a, 20b, 20c, each of which is made of a wall unit frame 21a, 21b, 21c made of aluminum alloy for architectural construction and a structural plywood 25, have high strength, and the sides of the earthquake-resistant shelter 10 are surrounded by the four wall units 20. A ceiling unit 31, in which a structural plywood 35 is fitted into a ceiling unit frame made of aluminum alloy for architectural construction, and a first floor member 41 and a second floor member 43 made of structural plywood 45, are connected to the four wall units 20. The four wall units 20 are sandwiched between four square columns. As a result, the house H1 itself is reinforced, and the earthquake resistance strength of the entire house H1 is also improved.

[0078] Next, the relationship between the structure of each part of the room R1 in the existing house H1 and the structure of the earthquake-resistant shelter 10 installed therein will be described with reference to Figs. 28 to 31. Fig. 28 is a plan view showing the structure of the floor and under the floor of the room in which the earthquake-resistant shelter is installed. Fig. 29 is a plan view showing the walls of the existing house and room, and the square pillars and walls of the earthquake-resistant shelter installed therein. Fig. 30 is an elevation view showing the structure of the ceiling part, floor and under the floor of the existing house and room, and the earthquake-resistant shelter installed therein. Fig. 31 is a partial vertical section and a partial horizontal section showing the relationship of the height and position of the earthquake-resistant shelter to each part of the existing room.

[0079] As shown in the plan view of FIG. 28, the room R1 in the existing house H1 has a closet R20, and the entrance side of the room R1 faces the corridor H10. Unlike the case of FIG. 2, the room R1 in FIG. 28 is four and a half tatami mats in size, and has a substantially square planar shape like the earthquake-resistant shelter. The floor surface of the room R1 is supported by an underfloor structure consisting of members such as a foundation stone R11, a joist R12, a fire-strike base R13, a joist R14, and a joist hanger R15. The foundation stone R11 is fixed to the foundation of the room R1, and the joist R12, the fire-strike base R13, the joist R14, and the joist hanger R15 are assembled on the foundation stone R11, and together they support the floor surface of the room R1. Note that FIG. 28 shows the case of a Japanese-style room, but of course the earthquake-resistant shelter according to this embodiment 1 can also be installed in a Western-style room.

[0080] As shown in the plan view of the floor of room R1 in Fig. 29, an earthquake-resistant shelter 10 is constructed on a floor surface having such a structure. Walls 20A, 20B, 20C, and 20D of the earthquake-resistant shelter 10 are installed on the inside of walls R30a, R30b, R30c, and R30d of the existing room R1 with gaps between them. When an entrance door 62 is attached to an entrance 60 of the earthquake-resistant shelter 10, the wooden sliding door R31 of the existing room R1 is removed.

[0081] Furthermore, as shown in the elevation of Fig. 30, the ceiling of the house H1 and the room R1 is composed of a hanging bar R19 suspended from the roof of the house H1, a joist R18 fixed to the lower end of the hanging bar R19, and a ceiling board R17. The room R1 is also provided with the above-mentioned foundation stones R11, joists R12, fire-stopping base R13, joists R14, and joist hangers R15 as underfloor structural members, as well as floor beams R3, joist ties R4, and replacement joists R5. The earthquake-resistant shelter 10, which has structural plywood 45 and calcium silicate board 46 as floor members, is fixed to the floor of the room R1 by attaching the structural plywood 45 to the replacement joists R5 with wood screws 57 at multiple points.

[0082] The partial vertical and horizontal cross-sectional views of Figure 31 show a comparison of part of the configuration of the existing room R1 and the structure of the earthquake-resistant shelter 10 installed there. The positional relationship between the lower end R17a of the existing ceiling board and the upper end 62a of the entrance door, and the positional relationship between the wall surface R30c of the room and the entrance door 62 attached to the entrance 60 are shown.

[0083] [Example 2] Next, an earthquake-resistant shelter according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Figs. 32 to 36, focusing mainly on the differences from the earthquake-resistant shelter according to the first embodiment described above. Fig. 32 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the connection structure between two wall surfaces and a rectangular column at a first corner of the earthquake-resistant shelter according to the second embodiment. Fig. 33 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the connection structure between two wall surfaces and a rectangular column at a second corner of the earthquake-resistant shelter, Fig. 34 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the connection structure between two wall surfaces and a rectangular column at a third corner of the earthquake-resistant shelter, and Fig. 35 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the connection structure between two wall surfaces and a rectangular column at a fourth corner of the earthquake-resistant shelter. Fig. 36 is a partial cross-sectional view, a partial vertical cross-sectional view, and a front view showing a method of attaching members used to connect the wall surfaces and the rectangular column in the second embodiment.

[0084] As shown in Figures 32 to 36, in the earthquake-resistant shelter according to Example 2, the mounting structure for connecting the square pillars and the wall unit is different from that of Example 1. That is, as a means for connecting the wall surface and the square pillars, instead of using bolts that fasten from the inside as in Example 1, L-shaped connection plates 80A, 80B, 80C, and 80D that fix the wall surface and the square pillars from the outside are used. This makes it easier to connect the wall surface and the square pillars, and furthermore, the space required for the work of connecting the square pillars and the wall unit is reduced.

[0085] As a result, the efficiency of the work of connecting the square pillars and the wall units is improved, and the time required for installation can be shortened. Also, since the outer surface of the earthquake-resistant shelter can be brought closer to the inner wall of the existing room, the outer dimensions of the earthquake-resistant shelter can be made larger, and the interior of the earthquake-resistant shelter can be made larger.

[0086] [Example 3] Next, an earthquake-resistant shelter according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Figs. 37 to 40, focusing mainly on the differences from the earthquake-resistant shelters according to the first and second embodiments. Fig. 37 is a plan view showing a ceiling panel with an interior light attached to the ceiling of an earthquake-resistant shelter according to the third embodiment, viewed from below. Fig. 38 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a method of attaching the ceiling panel with an interior light in a cross section parallel to the wall surface of the entrance. Fig. 39 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a method of attaching the ceiling panel with an interior light in a cross section perpendicular to the wall surface of the entrance. Fig. 40 is a horizontal cross-sectional view showing a structure for supporting the ceiling panel with an interior light according to the third embodiment.

[0087] As shown in Figures 37 to 40, the earthquake-resistant shelter according to Example 3 includes, in addition to the earthquake-resistant shelters according to Examples 1 and 2, a ceiling panel with interior lights attached to the ceiling of the earthquake-resistant shelter. This makes it possible to hide the ceiling unit frame, structural plywood, and other components that make up the ceiling unit when looking up at the ceiling from inside the room. In addition, the multiple interior lights provide adequate lighting in the room, making it a more comfortable earthquake-resistant shelter.

[0088] Although each embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention can use various components with different shapes and dimensions other than those shown in the above embodiments. For example, the shapes, dimensions, and structures of the wall units, ceiling units, floor members, and wall unit frames and ceiling unit frames are not limited to those described above and can be modified in various ways. The configuration, structure, shape, dimensions, number, arrangement, materials, etc. of each part of the earthquake-resistant shelter can also be modified in various ways within the scope of the gist of the present invention.

[0089] In other words, the above-mentioned embodiments and examples are intended to explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various embodiments and modifications of the present invention are possible without departing from the broad spirit and scope of the present invention. [Industrial Applicability]

[0090] The earthquake-resistant shelter of the present invention is strong enough to protect human lives from the collapse of a house, and can be easily installed inside an existing room, making it applicable to a variety of types of houses. [Explanation of symbols]

[0091] 10 Earthquake-resistant shelter 12A Exhaust port 12B Air supply port 14. Earthquake shelter windows 20A, 20B, 20C, 20D Earthquake-resistant shelter walls 20a, 20b, 20c Wall Units 21a, 21b, 21c Wall unit frames 25, 35, 45 Structural plywood 26, 36, 46 Calcium silicate board 30 Earthquake shelter ceiling 31 Ceiling unit 31a, 31b, 31c, 31d Ceiling unit frame members 32 Reinforcement pipe 33 Hard rubber plate 40 Earthquake-resistant shelter floor 41 First floor member (structural plywood) 43, 43a, 43b, 43c, 43d Second floor member 44 Floor component joint screws 47 Fireproof carpet 50A, 50B, 50C, 50D Square column 51 Square column support 52 Hexagonal flange tapping screw 53 Hexagon socket head bolt 54 Hexagonal bolt 55 Beam material 55a Hollow part 56A L-shaped bracket (large) 56B L-shaped bracket (medium) 56C L-shaped bracket (small) 57 Wood screws 58a Countersunk head screw 58b Round head screw 60 Entrance / Exit 61 Opening 62 Entrance Door 62a Top edge of entrance door 63A, 63B Door handle 64 Handle tip 65 Door Plywood 66 Calcium silicate board for doors 71 Door Post 72 Door hinge 73 Door upper beam 74 Handle tip engagement part 76 Seal Part 80A, 80B, 80C, 80D L-shaped connection plate 82 Hexagonal bolt for connecting plate 84 Ceiling panel with interior lighting 86 Ceiling Frame 88 Non-combustible plywood H1 Existing house H10 Corridor L1 Room length L2 interval L10 Earthquake shelter length R1 Room R1a Room opening R3 floor bundle R4 Root Ties R5 Replacement joists R10 Room Window R11 Foundation stone R12 Column R13 Fire-strike base R14 Joist R15 Joist Hanger R17 Ceiling Panel R17a Bottom edge of ceiling panel R18 Noen R19 hanging tree R20 Closet R22 Wooden sliding door R30a, R30b, R30c, R30d Room walls t1, t3, t5 External dimensions of the wall unit frame in the height direction t2, t4, t6, t7 Inner height dimensions of wall unit frame w1, w3, w5: Outer dimensions of the wall unit frame in the width direction w2, w4, w6: Inner dimensions of the wall unit frame in the width direction

Claims

1. An earthquake-resistant shelter to be installed inside a room of an existing house, A floor member laid on the floor surface of the room; A plurality of pillar members erected on an outer periphery of the floor member; A plurality of wall units attached between the plurality of pillar members; a plurality of ceiling units supported by the plurality of column members and the plurality of wall units and attached to a lower portion of the ceiling of the room; An earthquake-resistant shelter, wherein the wall units and the ceiling units are formed by attaching structural plywood to a framework of aluminum members.

2. 2. The earthquake-resistant shelter according to claim 1, further comprising a second floor member laid on a surface of the floor member surrounded by the plurality of wall units.

3. 3. The earthquake-resistant shelter according to claim 2, wherein the floor member and the second floor member are made of structural plywood, and the pillar members are made of aluminum members.

4. 4. The earthquake-resistant shelter according to claim 3, wherein the aluminum members are aluminum alloy materials for architectural construction.

5. The earthquake-resistant shelter according to claim 4, wherein a non-combustible material is provided on the outside of the wall unit and / or the ceiling unit and / or the second floor member.

6. A method for installing an earthquake-resistant shelter inside a room of an existing house, comprising: laying a first floor member on a floor surface of the room; A step of erecting a plurality of pillar members on an outer periphery of the floor member; a step of attaching a plurality of wall units sandwiched between the plurality of pillar members; A step of laying a second floor member on a surface of the first floor member surrounded by the plurality of wall units; a step of attaching a ceiling unit supported by the plurality of column members and the plurality of wall units to a ceiling of the room; Equipped with The pillar member is made of an aluminum member, A method for installing an earthquake-resistant shelter, characterized in that the wall units and the ceiling units are formed by fixing structural plywood to a framework made of aluminum members.

7. 7. The earthquake-resistant shelter installation method according to claim 6, wherein the first floor member and the second floor member are made of structural plywood, and the aluminum member is an aluminum alloy material for architectural construction.

8. 8. The method for installing an earthquake-resistant shelter according to claim 7, further comprising attaching a non-combustible material to the outside of the wall unit and / or the ceiling unit and / or the second floor member.

9. 9. The earthquake-resistant shelter installation method according to claim 8, wherein the existing house is a wooden house.

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