Movable formwork and construction management system

Abstract

To facilitate construction management and improve construction efficiency in the construction of concrete structures using movable formwork.SOLUTION: A movable formwork 10 for constructing a concrete structure (lining concrete 2) for each span of a predetermined length in a predetermined construction direction comprises a main body 11 that is movable in the construction direction, and a formwork section 12 provided on the main body 11, and also comprises imaging means 16 that is provided on the main body 11 and is capable of imaging a surface of the concrete structure after demolding, the surface being located rearward of a rear end of the formwork section 12 in the construction direction.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a movable formwork and a construction management system. [Background technology]

[0002] 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in order to evaluate the quality of a constructed concrete structure, a method is known in which the surface of the concrete structure is photographed and the evaluation is performed based on the image (see, for example, Patent Document 1). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2015-215268 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] In the construction of a concrete structure using a movable formwork, the construction of a concrete structure with a span of a specified length is repeated at specified intervals, and a process is required in which a photographer sets up photographing equipment at each specified interval, takes photographs, and then removes the equipment after the photographs are taken. In addition, scaffolding is also required when photographing high places. For this reason, construction management based on evaluations based on images is not easy, and the increase in the number of processes reduces the efficiency of construction. An object of the present invention is to facilitate construction management and improve the efficiency of construction in the construction of a concrete structure using a movable formwork. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the invention described in claim 1 is: A movable form for constructing a concrete structure for each span of a predetermined length in a predetermined construction direction, A main body portion that is movable along a construction direction; A form part provided in the main body part; The present invention is characterized in that it is equipped with an imaging means that is provided on the main body and is capable of photographing the surface of the concrete structure after it has been demolded, the surface being located rearward of the rear end of the formwork section in the construction direction.

[0006] The invention described in claim 2 is the movable formwork described in claim 1, The photographing means is The present invention is characterized in that it is possible to photograph at least a range of the surface of the concrete structure from a position adjacent to the rear end of the formwork section in the construction direction to a position a predetermined distance behind.

[0007] The invention described in claim 3 is the movable formwork described in claim 1, The main body portion is The present invention is characterized in that a plurality of the photographing means are provided at predetermined intervals at predetermined positions on the rear end side in the construction direction, parallel to the surface of the concrete structure.

[0008] The invention described in claim 4 is the movable formwork described in claim 1, The concrete structure is characterized in that it is a tunnel lining concrete.

[0009] The invention described in claim 5 is a construction management system equipped with the mobile formwork described in any one of claims 1 to 4, a movement amount detection means capable of detecting a movement amount of the movable form from a reference position; an information processing means for performing processing based on information from the movement amount detection means and information from the photographing means, The information processing means includes: When the start of movement of the movable formwork is detected based on information from the movement amount detection means, the imaging means starts imaging; The photographing means terminates photographing when the end of the movement of the movable formwork is detected based on information from the movement amount detection means.

[0010] The invention described in claim 6 is the construction management system described in claim 5, The information processing means includes: Taking a plurality of images by the imaging means while the movable form is being moved; It is characterized in that it is possible to stitch together multiple images based on information from the movement amount detection means when the images were captured, and generate an unfolded image, which is an image of the surface of the concrete structure along the construction direction.

[0011] The invention described in claim 7 is the construction management system described in claim 6, The information processing means includes: performing a process of detecting defective construction locations of the concrete structure from the developed image; The present invention is characterized in that it is possible to generate information indicating at least the position of the defective construction portion. Effect of the Invention

[0012] According to the present invention, in the construction of a concrete structure using a movable formwork, construction management becomes easier and construction efficiency can be improved. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0013]

Figure 1

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Figure 7

[0014] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In this embodiment, a movable formwork 10 for constructing lining concrete 2 for a tunnel 1 as a concrete structure will be described as an example. Fig. 1 shows the movable formwork 10 arranged inside the tunnel 1 as viewed from the rear in the construction direction, and Figs. 2 and 3 show an example of a construction method.

[0015] As shown in Fig. 1, the mobile formwork 10 comprises a main body 11 and a formwork section 12 arranged to surround the main body 11. Wheels 13 are provided on the lower part of the main body 11, allowing the mobile formwork 10 to travel along a track 3 laid along the extension direction of the tunnel 1. The wheels 13 are also provided with a movement amount detection means 14 capable of detecting the amount of movement of the mobile formwork 10. An example of the movement amount detection means 14 is a sensor that detects the amount of rotation of the wheels 13.

[0016] The formwork section 12 constitutes a form that forms the inner circumferential surface of the lining concrete 2, and is disposed at a predetermined distance from the shotcrete 5 sprayed onto the natural ground 4. The lining concrete 2 is poured into the space between the shotcrete 5 and the formwork section 12. As shown in Fig. 2(a), the formwork section 12 has a predetermined length L (e.g., 10.5 m) along the extension direction of the tunnel 1. This predetermined length L is regarded as one span, and the lining concrete 2 is constructed for each span in the construction direction, which is one direction along the extension direction of the tunnel 1.

[0017] 1 and 2(a), a support member 15 is provided on the rear side of the main body 11 in the construction direction, rearward of the formwork 12, so as to be parallel to the surface of the lining concrete 2. A plurality of imaging means 16 are provided on this support member 15 at predetermined intervals along the extension direction of the support member 15 (circumferential direction of the tunnel 1).

[0018] The support members 15 are arranged on a plane perpendicular to the construction direction, and the multiple image capturing means 16 are also arranged on a plane perpendicular to the construction direction. The support members 15 are arranged parallel to the surface of the lining concrete 2, and each image capturing means 16 is arranged at the same distance from the surface of the lining concrete 2. Furthermore, the main body 11 is provided with information processing means 17 that performs processing based on information from the movement amount detection means 14 and information from the image capturing means 16, and display means 18 that can display images.

[0019] Next, a construction method and construction management for the lining concrete 2 using the movable formwork 10 as described above will be described. First, as shown in Fig. 2(a), the form section 12 of the movable formwork 10 is placed in an uncast area adjacent to an area where the lining concrete 2 has already been cast. Next, as shown in Fig. 2(b), the lining concrete 2 is poured. After a predetermined period of time has passed and the concrete can be removed, the movable formwork 10 is moved in the construction direction as shown in Fig. 3(a), and stops at the next construction position as shown in Fig. 3(b) to perform new construction. By repeating this process, the lining concrete 2, which is a concrete structure, is constructed for each span of a predetermined length in the predetermined construction direction.

[0020] The information processing means 17 photographs the surface of the stripped lining concrete 2 by the imaging means 16 while the movable formwork 10 moves. As shown in Fig. 3(a), the imaging means 16 is capable of photographing at least range A of the surface of the lining concrete 2, which range extends from a position adjacent to the rear end of the formwork section 12 in the construction direction to a position a predetermined distance away rearward. In addition, the range that can be photographed by one imaging means 16 in the circumferential direction of the lining concrete 2 and the range that can be photographed by an adjacent imaging means 16 are adjacent to each other or partially overlap each other.

[0021] When the imaging means 16 is for capturing moving images, it captures images continuously from the position shown in Fig. 2(b) to the position shown in Fig. 3(b). When the imaging means 16 is for capturing still images, it captures images every time it moves a distance equal to or less than the distance of range A from the position shown in Fig. 2(b) to the position shown in Fig. 3(b). If it captures images every time it moves a distance less than the distance of range A, then the images from adjacent imaging opportunities will partially overlap.

[0022] The start and end of photographing by the photographing means 16 may be performed by the operation of a worker, or may be controlled by the information processing means 17. In the case of control by the information processing means 17, for example, photographing may be started based on the detection by the movement amount detection means 14 of the start of movement from a stopped state, and photographing may be ended based on the change from a moving state to a stopped state. Also, photographing may be started based on the detection by the movement amount detection means 14 of the start of movement from a stopped state, and photographing may be ended based on the movement amount detected by the movement amount detection means 14 reaching the length of one span. In this way, photographing is automatically performed as the movable formwork 10 moves, and construction management can be reliably performed.

[0023] Furthermore, the operation of the mobile formwork 10 may be controlled by a control means other than the information processing means 17, by the operation of a worker, or by the information processing means 17. If the information processing means 17 controls the operation of the mobile formwork 10, it becomes possible to start photographing when the movement starts and to end photographing when the movement ends, and to control the movement speed to an appropriate speed for photographing.

[0024] As described above, by taking images from the position shown in Fig. 2(b) to the position shown in Fig. 3(b), images can be taken along the circumferential direction of the lining concrete 2 over the entire length of one span while the movable formwork 10 is moving. In other words, it is possible to take images of the entire surface of the concrete structure that is exposed by removing the formwork.

[0025] As shown in Fig. 4(a), information from the movement amount detection means 14 and information from the photographing means 16 are input to information processing means 17. The information processing means 17 can grasp the amount of movement from a reference position based on the information from the movement amount detection means 14, and can store this information in association with the photographed image. The reference position can be set arbitrarily, and for example, the position where the movable formwork 10 first performed construction may be set as the reference position, or the position at which the movable formwork 10 starts moving to the next span may be set as the reference position.

[0026] The information processing means 17 can output the image captured by the imaging means 16 directly to the display means 18, and can also output the results of predetermined processing performed based on the information from the movement amount detection means 14 and the information from the imaging means 16 to the display means 18. Workers can grasp the state of the constructed lining concrete 2 based on the display of the display means 18, and can manage the construction.

[0027] In addition to providing the information processing means 17 on the movable formwork 10 as shown in Figure 4(a), the information processing means 17 may be provided outside the movable formwork 10 as shown in Figure 4(b). Furthermore, the display means 18 may also be provided outside the movable formwork 10 as shown in Figure 4(c), and the movement amount detection means 14 may detect the amount of movement by measurement from outside the movable formwork 10.

[0028] Input and output of information between the information processing means 17 and each device may be by any communication means, such as wired or wireless. Also, communication via the Internet may be used. The information processing means 17 provided outside the mobile formwork 10 may be, for example, a terminal device such as a tablet terminal or PC terminal owned by a worker on-site, or may be a terminal device provided in an office adjacent to the site or in a company in a remote location. Also, it may be a cloud server connected via the Internet.

[0029] Fig. 5 shows an example of an image generated as a result of processing by the information processing means 17. As shown in Fig. 5(a), the information processing means 17 can stitch together images captured by a plurality of image capturing means 16 based on information from the movement amount detection means 14 at the time of capturing images, and generate an unfolded image 20, which is an image of the surface of the lining concrete 2 with the vertical axis being the circumferential direction of the tunnel 1 and the horizontal axis being the construction direction.

[0030] According to such an image, the overall condition of the lining concrete 2 in one span can be confirmed at a glance, and the presence and positions of various construction defects such as air bubbles 21, uneven color 22, cracks 23, sand streaks, peeling, steps, etc. can be easily grasped. Furthermore, it is also possible to extract construction defects from the unfolded image 20 using an AI system or the like provided in the information processing means 17, and generate an image including a display 24 showing the corresponding location, as shown in Fig. 5(b).

[0031] According to the above-described movable formwork 10, since the photographing is completed at the same time as the movable formwork 10 is moved, there is no need to set up a separate period for photographing, and the efficiency of construction can be improved and the construction period can be shortened. In other words, when photographing for construction management of the lining concrete 2, there is no need to install or remove photographing equipment, and no scaffolding is required for photographing high places such as the top edge, so the efficiency of construction can be improved and the construction period can be shortened. In addition, since multiple photographing means 16 are provided parallel to the surface of the lining concrete 2, photographing can be performed at a position close to the surface of the lining concrete 2, and clear images can be taken, which makes it easier to evaluate the construction state and improves the accuracy of the evaluation.

[0032] In particular, when curing is performed after demolding, it is necessary to take a photograph before starting the curing or after the curing is completed. When taking a photograph before starting the curing, the time from demolding to curing is limited, and in the conventional method, since the worker who takes the photograph always has to stay on site, the work efficiency decreases. Also, when taking a photograph after the curing is completed, since a considerable period of time is required from demolding to taking the photograph, it becomes difficult to reflect the improvement of the construction defect part in the construction of the next span.

[0033] However, according to the mobile formwork 10 of the present invention, since the photograph can be taken only by moving the mobile formwork 10, it is possible to take a photograph and check for construction defect parts before starting the curing without waiting for the worker for photographing. Also, the improvement of the construction defect part can be immediately reflected in the construction of the next span, and the construction quality can be improved.

[0034] Further, according to the construction management system constituted by the movement amount detection means 14, the photographing means 16, and the information processing means 17, it becomes possible to easily confirm the construction defect part by the developed image 20, the display 24 showing the construction defect part, etc., and the construction quality can be improved. Also, in the evaluation of the construction state by this information processing means 17, according to the mobile formwork 10 of the present invention, it can be performed based on a clear image taken at a position close to the surface of the covering concrete 2, so that a more accurate evaluation can be performed. Further, since each photographing means 16 is arranged so that the distance from the surface of the covering concrete 2 is the same, inconvenience does not occur when connecting the images of different photographing means 16, and furthermore, since the photographing conditions of each photographing means 16 are the same, it is possible to prevent the accuracy of the evaluation of the construction state from varying due to differences in the photographing conditions, and a more accurate evaluation can be performed.

[0035] [First Modified Example] Next, a first modified example of the above-described mobile formwork 10 will be described. Basically, it has the same configuration as the above-described mobile formwork 10. Hereinafter, the same parts having the same configuration will be denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted, and mainly the different parts will be described. As shown in Figure 6, in the movable formwork 10 of this modified example, the photographing means 16 is movable along the support member 15, and as the movable formwork 10 moves in the construction direction, the photographing means 16 moves along the circumferential direction of the covering concrete 2 to take photographs, thereby enabling the entire surface of the covering concrete 2 to be photographed.

[0036] When photographing, the information processing means 17 controls the amount of movement and the moving speed of the photographing means 16 based on information from the movement amount detection means 14 so that the entire surface of the lining concrete 2 can be photographed. Furthermore, the information processing means 17 may control the operation of the movable formwork 10 to control the moving speed to a suitable speed for photographing. With such a configuration, the number of photographing means 16 can be reduced, leading to cost reduction. Note that photographing is not limited to being performed while one photographing means 16 is moved, and photographing may be performed by having multiple photographing means 16 each move within a predetermined range.

[0037] [Second modified example] Next, a description will be given of a first modified example of the above-mentioned movable formwork 10. Basically, it has the same configuration as the above-mentioned movable formwork 10, and therefore, in the following, the same reference numerals will be used to denote parts having the same configuration, and the description will be omitted, and mainly the different parts will be described. As shown in Fig. 7(a), in the movable formwork 10 of this modified example, the imaging means 16 is rotatable within a plane perpendicular to the construction direction, and by taking pictures while rotating the imaging means 16 as the movable formwork 10 moves in the construction direction, it is possible to image the entire surface of the lining concrete 2. Also, as shown in Fig. 7(b), the imaging means 16 may be rotatably provided at the center of the movable formwork 10 in the left-right direction.

[0038] When photographing, in order to photograph the entire surface of the lining concrete 2, the information processing means 17 controls the rotation amount and rotation speed of the photographing means 16 based on information from the movement amount detection means 14. Furthermore, the information processing means 17 may control the operation of the movable formwork 10 to control the movement speed to a suitable level for photographing. With such a configuration, the number of photographing means 16 can be reduced, leading to cost savings.

[0039] In the above embodiment and modified examples, the concrete structure is the lining concrete 2, but it may be a concrete structure other than the lining concrete 2 as long as it is continuously constructed while moving the formwork.

[0040] In addition, although the construction status is confirmed by the construction management system composed of the movement amount detection means 14, the photographing means 16, and the information processing means 17, the image photographed by the photographing means 16 may be displayed on the display means 18 so that the worker can visually confirm the construction status. In this case as well, the above-mentioned movable formwork 10 allows confirmation by an image close to the surface of the lining concrete 2, improving the efficiency of the work and facilitating the evaluation of the construction status.

[0041] The movement amount detection means 14 may detect only the amount of rotation of one of the left and right wheels 13 relative to the construction direction, or may detect the amount of rotation of both wheels 13. Furthermore, it may include a sensor that detects the orientation of the wheels 13 and a sensor that detects the moving direction and moving speed of the movable formwork 10. By providing multiple movement amount detection means 14, the information processing means 17 can grasp the amount of movement by odometry based on this information.

[0042] Additionally, although the wheels 13 have been described as running on the track 3, they may also run on the ground without the track 3. Additionally, although the movement amount detection means 14 has been described as detecting the amount of rotation of the wheels, any means may be used as long as it can provide information that enables the information processing means 17 to calculate the amount of movement of the movable formwork 10. Additionally, the movement amount detection means 14 may also detect the amount of movement by measuring from outside the movable formwork 10.

[0043] The number and arrangement of the imaging means 16 can be set arbitrarily depending on the structure of the concrete structure, the structure of the formwork, the imaging range of the imaging means 16, etc. The imaging range of the imaging means 16 may be rearward of the rear end of the formwork section 12 in the construction direction, and does not have to include a position adjacent to the rear end of the formwork section 12 in the construction direction. In this case, the imaging means 16 may be disposed in front of the rear end of the formwork section 12.

[0044] In addition, the configurations of the above-mentioned modified examples may be appropriately combined and applied. In addition, the embodiments disclosed herein should be considered to be illustrative and not restrictive in all respects. The scope of the present invention is indicated by the claims, not the above description, and is intended to include all modifications within the meaning and scope of the claims. [Explanation of symbols]

[0045] 1. Tunnel 2. Lining concrete (concrete structure) 10 Mobile formwork 11 Main body 12 Formwork section 14. Movement amount detection means 16. Shooting Method 17 Information Processing Means 20 Expanded image

Claims

1. A movable form for constructing a concrete structure for each span of a predetermined length in a predetermined construction direction, A main body portion that is movable along a construction direction; A form part provided in the main body part; A movable formwork characterized by comprising: an imaging means provided in the main body and capable of photographing the surface of the concrete structure after demolding, the surface being located rearward of the rear end of the formwork section in the construction direction.

2. The photographing means is A movable formwork as described in claim 1, characterized in that it is possible to photograph at least a range of the surface of the concrete structure from a position adjacent to the rear end of the formwork section in the construction direction to a position a predetermined distance rearward.

3. The main body portion is 2. The movable formwork according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of the photographing means arranged at predetermined intervals at a predetermined position on the rear end side in the construction direction, parallel to the surface of the concrete structure.

4. 2. The movable formwork according to claim 1, wherein the concrete structure is a lining concrete for a tunnel.

5. A construction management system comprising the mobile formwork according to any one of claims 1 to 4, a movement amount detection means capable of detecting a movement amount of the movable form from a reference position; an information processing means for performing processing based on information from the movement amount detection means and information from the photographing means, The information processing means includes: When the start of movement of the movable formwork is detected based on information from the movement amount detection means, the imaging means starts imaging; A construction management system characterized in that photographing by said photographing means is terminated when the end of movement of said movable formwork is detected based on information from said movement amount detection means.

6. The information processing means includes: Taking a plurality of images by the imaging means while the movable form is being moved; The construction management system described in claim 5, characterized in that it is possible to connect multiple images based on information from the movement amount detection means when the images were taken, and generate an expanded image which is an image of the surface of the concrete structure along the construction direction.

7. The information processing means includes: performing a process of detecting defective construction locations of the concrete structure from the developed image; 7. The construction management system according to claim 6, further comprising means for generating information indicating at least the location of the construction defect.

Images