Shaft construction device and shaft construction method

Abstract

To provide a shaft construction device 1 and a shaft construction method capable of efficiently digging a hole bottom part Hb.SOLUTION: A shaft construction device 1, including an excavation mechanism section 40 for drilling a hole bottom part Hb and a support mechanism section 30 for hanging and supporting the excavation mechanism section 40, is arranged below an annular liner plate P built underground and constructs a shaft underground by extending the liner plate P in a height direction. The excavation mechanism section 40 includes a first excavation part 42 and a second excavation part 43 which have drilling means for drilling the hole bottom part Hb at their tips, the drilling means configured differently in the first excavation part 42 and the second excavation part 43.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a shaft construction device and a shaft construction method for constructing a shaft by extending an annular lining material in the vertical direction underground. [Background technology]

[0002] For example, there is a deep foundation method in which a ring-shaped lining material such as a liner plate is extended vertically to construct a vertical shaft underground. Specifically, this is a construction method in which a shaft is constructed by excavating the bottom of a hole and protecting the excavated hole wall with a ring-shaped lining material, and this process is repeated up to a predetermined depth.The construction method described in Patent Document 1 is one such method.

[0003] In more detail, in Patent Document 1, a drilling mechanism unit placed inside an existing liner plate assembled into a cylindrical shape drills the bottom of the hole, and once drilling to a depth corresponding to one ring is completed, a new liner plate is assembled below the existing liner plate. This process is repeated up to the specified depth to construct a shaft of the specified depth.

[0004] However, if rocks appear while an excavation mechanism is excavating the bottom of a hole that is mainly made of relatively soft soil and sand, an excavation mechanism suitable for excavating soil and sand cannot excavate the rocks. For this reason, for example, in Patent Document 1, an excavation mechanism suitable for excavating rock is prepared outside the mine, and different excavation mechanisms are used depending on the conditions at the bottom of the hole.

[0005] However, in Patent Document 1, not only did the drilling mechanism need to be replaced every time the conditions at the bottom of the hole changed, but the drilling mechanism also needed to be moved back and forth between the drilling position and the outside of the mine, which resulted in poor drilling efficiency at the bottom of the hole. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 5-52087 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention aims to provide a shaft construction device and a shaft construction method that can efficiently excavate the bottom of a hole. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] This invention is a shaft construction device that is arranged below an annular lining material constructed underground, and is equipped with an excavation mechanism unit that excavates the bottom of a hole, and a support mechanism unit that suspends and supports the excavation mechanism unit, and that constructs a vertical shaft in the ground by extending the lining material in the height direction, The support mechanism includes a support frame having a central support portion that supports the drilling mechanism portion, and a plurality of support beams that extend from the central support portion toward the hole wall, and a plurality of support legs that extend from the support beams toward the hole bottom, The drilling mechanism has a drilling means at its tip for drilling the bottom of the hole. Two An excavation section; a rotating part that is supported by being suspended from the support mechanism part and that rotates the two excavation parts integrally in a rotation direction with the height direction as a rotation axis; The excavation means has a different configuration for each excavation section. Each of the two excavation units extends in a predetermined direction and is comprised of a base that is fixed to the underside of the rotating unit so as to be immovable relative to the rotating unit, with one end side positioned approximately at the center of the rotating unit in a bottom view, an arm that pivots relative to the base with a pivot axis in a direction orthogonal to the height direction, and the excavation means provided at the tip of the arm, and one of the two excavation units is referred to as one excavation unit and the other is referred to as the other excavation unit, and the base of one excavation unit is referred to as one base, and the pivot axis is one of the pivot axes, and the arm is one of the arms, and the base of the other excavation unit is the other base, the pivot axis is the other pivot axis, and the arm is the other arm, and in the two excavation units, the one base and the other base are arranged side by side so as to face each other across the rotation axis of the rotating unit, and the folding direction of the one arm around the one pivot axis and the folding direction of the other arm around the other pivot axis are opposite to each other. It is characterized by:

[0009] The above-mentioned annular shape refers to an annular shape that is generally circular in plan view, an annular shape that is generally oval in plan view, an annular shape that is generally elliptical in plan view, an annular shape that is generally rectangular in plan view, or an annular shape that is generally polygonal in plan view. The lining material refers to liner plates, segments, sprayed concrete, or the like.

[0010] The above-mentioned excavation means refers to a means for digging the ground such as a bucket, a means for excavating rock such as a breaker, etc. Note that excavation means of different configurations refers to excavation means of different types, or excavation means of the same type but different sizes, etc.

[0011] According to this invention, the excavation mechanism unit is provided with multiple excavation sections with different excavation means, so that the bottom of the hole can be excavated using a single excavation mechanism unit while using the multiple excavation means appropriately depending on the situation at the bottom of the hole.

[0012] For example, if the excavation mechanism unit is composed of an excavation unit equipped with a bucket and an excavation unit equipped with a breaker, and rock appears while excavating the bottom of the hole with the excavation unit equipped with the bucket, the shaft construction device can excavate the rock with the excavation unit equipped with the breaker, and then excavate the bottom of the hole again with the excavation unit equipped with the bucket.

[0013] Therefore, the shaft construction device eliminates the need to move the drilling mechanism outside the mine and replace the drilling means, allowing the bottom of the hole to be drilled more efficiently than when the drilling mechanism is equipped with a single drilling unit. In addition, the shaft construction device can excavate the bottom of the hole more efficiently by, for example, operating multiple excavation units simultaneously to excavate the bottom of the hole.

[0014] Also, The excavation mechanism unit includes two excavation units each composed of an arm that pivots about a pivot axis in a direction orthogonal to the height direction, and the excavation means provided at the tip of the arm, and a rotating unit that is suspended and supported by the support mechanism unit and rotates the two excavation units together in a rotation direction about the height direction as a rotation axis, and the two excavation units are arranged side by side in the orthogonal direction across the rotation axis of the rotating unit. Therefore, the drilling means can be moved in a rotational direction with the height direction as the rotation axis and in a pivotal direction with the perpendicular direction as the pivot axis, so that the drilling means can reach the entire bottom of the hole.

[0015] In this case, the rotating unit rotates the two excavation units, which are arranged side by side in perpendicular directions on either side of the rotating unit's rotation axis, as a single unit, so the shaft construction device can maintain the relative positions of the two excavation units constant regardless of the rotation position of the rotating unit.

[0016] This means that the shaft construction device can prevent the operation of one drilling unit from being hindered by the other drilling unit, even when two drilling units are operating simultaneously, allowing the entire bottom of the hole to be drilled more efficiently.

[0017] Ma Ta, The two excavation units are configured so that the folding directions of the arms around the pivot shaft are opposite to each other. Therefore,When bending and straightening the two excavation sections, for example, it is possible to prevent the excavation means from interfering with each other and hindering the operation of the excavation sections.

[0018] Ma Ta, The support mechanism includes a support frame having a central support portion that supports the drilling mechanism portion, and a plurality of support beams that extend from the central support portion toward the hole wall, and a plurality of support legs that extend from the support beams toward the hole bottom, and the plurality of support legs are configured to be extendable and contractible in the height direction. Therefore, for example, by extending each of the support legs in accordance with the unevenness of the hole bottom, the drilling mechanism unit suspended and supported by the support frame can be stably supported at the desired vertical position.

[0019] Furthermore, since the support frame is lowered by retracting the support legs as the bottom of the hole is excavated, the shaft construction device can lower the excavation mechanism unit suspended and supported by the support frame as the bottom of the hole is excavated.

[0020] Therefore, for example, in a configuration in which the drilling mechanism is supported at the tip of a support member that extends downward as drilling progresses, the drilling mechanism needs to be moved outside the mine each time the support member is extended, whereas the shaft construction device of the present invention can dig the bottom of the hole without moving the drilling mechanism outside the mine. This allows the shaft construction device to continuously excavate the bottom of the hole using the excavation mechanism, thereby enabling the hole bottom to be excavated efficiently.

[0021] As another aspect of the present invention, the support beam may be configured to be able to expand and contract toward the hole wall and to be able to be pressed against the hole wall. With this configuration, the support legs and support beams work together to reliably support the support frame at the desired vertical position, and the support mechanism can absorb the reaction force when drilling the bottom of the hole.

[0022] Furthermore, since the support beam can support the central support part by being tensioned, the shaft construction device can excavate the bottom of the hole without tilting, even if there is a gap between one of the multiple support legs and the bottom of the hole. This allows the shaft construction device to continuously excavate the bottom of the hole in a stable state.

[0023] As another aspect of the present invention, the support leg may be configured to be extendable and contractible, with an outer leg fixed to the support beam and an inner leg that can be inserted and removed from below the outer leg.

[0024] With this configuration, the support frame can be supported by a support leg with a simple configuration, so a larger working space can be secured between the support frame and the bottom of the hole compared to support legs that deform like a pantograph jack. This allows the shaft construction device to secure a large space for movement of the excavation mechanism, thereby reducing the frequency of extension and contraction of the support legs and enabling efficient excavation of the hole bottom.

[0025] As another aspect of the present invention, a surrounding member may be provided above the lower end of the outer leg portion, surrounding the plurality of support legs integrally along the hole wall. According to this configuration, the surrounding member prevents soil and rocks from the hole wall from flowing into the hole bottom.

[0026] Furthermore, when the support legs are fully retracted, the enclosure member does not land on the bottom of the hole, so the shaft construction device can prevent the enclosure member from interfering with the support of the excavation mechanism by the support legs.

[0027] As another aspect of the present invention, the surrounding member may be divided in the circumferential direction. This configuration makes it easy to assemble the enclosure member, and also makes it possible to dismantle the enclosure member inside the borehole and easily remove it outside the mine.

[0028] As another aspect of the present invention, a remote control unit may be provided for remotely controlling the excavation mechanism unit. This configuration reduces the amount of work that workers have to do inside the hole, improving the working environment.

[0029] Another aspect of the present invention may be a configuration in which a control unit that controls at least the excavation mechanism unit and a detection unit that detects the condition of the excavation location being excavated by the excavation mechanism unit are provided, and the control unit controls the excavation of at least the excavation mechanism unit based on the detection results of the detection unit. According to this configuration, the excavation site can be excavated by the excavation mechanism unit under automatic operation control, which reduces the amount of work done inside the hole by the workers, improving the working environment and achieving high efficiency.

[0030] The present invention also provides a method for constructing a vertical shaft in the ground, which includes a drilling step of drilling a hole bottom using an excavation mechanism unit that is disposed below an annular lining material constructed underground and suspended and supported by a support mechanism unit, and a method for constructing a vertical shaft in the ground by extending the lining material in the height direction, The support mechanism comprises a support frame having a central support section that supports the drilling mechanism section, and a plurality of support beams that extend from the central support section toward the hole wall, and a plurality of support legs that extend from the support beams toward the hole bottom, and the drilling mechanism comprises two drilling sections that have drilling means at their tips for drilling the hole bottom, and a rotating section that is supported by being suspended from the support mechanism section and that rotates the two drilling sections together in a rotational direction with the height direction as the rotation axis, and the drilling means has a different configuration for each of the drilling sections, and each of the two drilling sections extends in a predetermined direction and comprises a base that is fixed to the underside of the rotating section so that one end side is located approximately at the center side when viewed from the bottom of the rotating section, and a base that is fixed to the underside of the rotating section so as to be immovable relative to the rotating section, and a rotating section that is pivoted about an orthogonal direction that is approximately orthogonal to the height direction. The excavation unit is composed of an arm that pivots relative to the base as a rotating shaft, and the excavation means provided at the tip of the arm, and one of the two excavation units is one excavation unit and the other is the other excavation unit, the base in one excavation unit is one base, the pivot shaft is one pivot shaft, and the arm is one arm, and the base in the other excavation unit is the other base, the pivot shaft is the other pivot shaft, and the arm is the other arm, and in the two excavation units, the one base and the other base are arranged side by side so as to face each other across the rotation shaft of the rotating unit, and the folding direction of the one arm around the one pivot shaft and the folding direction of the other arm around the other pivot shaft are configured to be opposite each other, In the excavation step, the excavation mechanism unit selects one of a plurality of excavation units having different excavation means at their tips, Rotating the rotating unit to allow excavation by the excavation unit having the excavation means according to the condition of the hole bottom, The bottom of the hole is excavated by the excavation unit having the excavation means according to the condition of the bottom of the hole.

[0031] According to this invention, the bottom of the hole can be excavated using a single excavation mechanism unit while selectively using a plurality of excavation means depending on the condition of the bottom of the hole. Therefore, this method of constructing a vertical shaft eliminates the need to move the drilling mechanism outside the mine and replace the drilling means, allowing the bottom of the hole to be drilled more efficiently than when the drilling mechanism is equipped with a single drilling unit.

[0032] Also, The excavation mechanism unit includes an arm that pivots about a pivot axis in a direction orthogonal to the height direction, and a rotating unit that integrally rotates two excavation units, each composed of the excavation means provided at the tip of the arm, in a rotational direction with the height direction as a rotation axis, and is supported by the support mechanism unit. In the excavation step, the rotating unit is rotated so that excavation can be performed by the excavation unit having the excavation means according to the condition of the hole bottom, out of the two excavation units arranged side by side in the orthogonal direction across the rotation axis of the rotating unit. Therefore, the drilling means can be moved in a rotational direction with the height direction as the rotation axis and in a pivotal direction with the perpendicular direction as the pivot axis, so that the drilling means can reach the entire bottom of the hole.

[0033] In this case, the rotating unit rotates the two excavation units, which are arranged side by side in perpendicular directions on either side of the rotating unit's rotation axis, as a single unit, so the shaft construction method can keep the relative positions of the two excavation units constant regardless of the rotational position of the rotating unit. As a result, the shaft construction method can prevent the operation of one drilling unit from being hindered by the other drilling unit, even when two drilling units are operating simultaneously, allowing the entire bottom of the hole to be drilled more efficiently.

[0034] Ma Ta, 2 The two excavation units are configured such that the folding directions of the arms around the pivot shaft are opposite to each other. Because In the excavation step, when the two excavation parts are bent and stretched, for example, the excavation means can be prevented from interfering with each other, thereby preventing the operation of the excavation parts from being hindered. [Effects of the Invention]

[0035] The present invention can provide a shaft construction device and a shaft construction method that can efficiently excavate the bottom of a hole. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0036] [Figure 1] Schematic cross-sectional perspective view of the mechanical caisson foundation method. [Figure 2] Schematic cross-sectional view of the mechanical caisson foundation method at the AA cross section in Figure 1. [Figure 3] FIG. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the operation of the excavation mechanism unit. [Figure 5] FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the operation of the excavation mechanism unit. [Figure 6] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a control unit. [Figure 7] Flowchart showing the steps in the mechanical caisson foundation method. [Figure 8] Flowchart showing the steps in the mechanical caisson foundation method. [Figure 9] An explanatory diagram showing the process of the mechanical deep foundation construction method in cross section. [Figure 10] An explanatory diagram showing the process of the mechanical deep foundation construction method in cross section. [Figure 11] An explanatory diagram showing the process of the mechanical deep foundation construction method in cross section. [Figure 12] An explanatory diagram showing a schematic cross section of the backfill work. [Figure 13] FIG. 10 is an external perspective view showing the external appearance of the surrounding member in the second embodiment. [Figure 14] FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the steps of the mechanical caisson foundation method in Example 2 in a schematic cross section. [Figure 15] FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the steps of the mechanical caisson foundation method in Example 2 in a schematic cross section. [Figure 16] FIG. 10 is an external perspective view showing the external appearance of an enclosing member according to another embodiment. [Figure 17] FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a schematic cross section of a process of a mechanical caisson foundation method in another embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0037] An embodiment of a mechanical caisson foundation method using a shaft construction device 1 will be described below with reference to the drawings. [Example]

[0038] Note that Figure 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional oblique view of the mechanical deep foundation construction method, Figure 2 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the mechanical deep foundation construction method at the AA arrow cross section in Figure 1, Figure 3 shows a bottom view of the excavation unit 2, Figures 4 and 5 show explanatory diagrams explaining the operation of the excavation mechanism part 40, and Figure 6 shows a schematic configuration diagram of the control unit 3.

[0039] In FIG. 1, the drilling unit 2 and the front side of the liner plate P are shown in a see-through state, and the entire stage 10, part of the head guard 20, and one of the support legs 32 are shown by dashed lines. Furthermore, in FIG. 1, the soil removal bucket 62 is omitted for clarity of illustration.

[0040] In addition, in order to clarify the illustration, the head guard 20 and the earth removal unit 60 are omitted in FIG. 3, and the support leg 32 on the near side is omitted in FIGS.

[0041] First, in the mechanical deep foundation method, the liner plate P that protects the inside of the borehole H formed by excavating the ground G is formed in the shape of a ring that is approximately circular in plan view and has a diameter slightly smaller than that of the borehole H, which is approximately circular in plan view, as shown in Figures 1 and 2.

[0042] The liner plate P is formed into a ring shape by assembling a plurality of approximately arc-shaped liner plate sections, each of which has assembly flanges on the four sides of a corrugated thin steel plate.

[0043] In this mechanical deep foundation method, a liner plate section is assembled in a ring shape to the underside of the lowest liner plate P of the existing liner plates P to form a new liner plate P, and the assembled new liner plate P becomes the lowest liner plate P, thereby extending the liner plate P in the vertical direction of the excavation hole H.

[0044] The lowermost liner plate P and the newly assembled liner plate P are assembled with a circumferential offset so that the circumferential connection positions of the liner plate sections do not coincide in the vertical direction.

[0045] Here, to facilitate the following explanation, of the assembled liner plates P, the first ring of liner plates P counting from the ground surface Gs of the ground G, as shown in Figure 2, i.e., the topmost liner plate P inside the ground G, will be referred to as the first ring P1.

[0046] Furthermore, the liner plate P assembled below the first ring P1 is referred to as the second ring P2, the liner plate P assembled below the second ring P2 is referred to as the third ring P3, the liner plate P in the nth ring counting from the ground surface Gs is referred to as the nth ring Pn, and the liner plate P in the lowest row is referred to as the lowest row ring PB.

[0047] Next, we will explain the shaft construction device 1 for forming a predetermined pile hole inside the ground G. The shaft construction device 1 includes a drilling unit 2 (see Figures 1 and 2) that excavates the ground G and forms a borehole H in which the above-mentioned liner plate P is to be installed, and a control unit 3 (see Figure 6) that controls the operation of the drilling unit 2.

[0048] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the drilling unit 2 comprises a stage 10 for a worker M to work inside the borehole H, a head guard 20 to protect the worker M working on the stage 10 from objects falling from above, and a support mechanism part 30 to which the stage 10 and the head guard 20 are fixed on the upper surface.

[0049] Furthermore, the drilling unit 2 is rotatably suspended and supported by the support mechanism part 30, and is equipped with a drilling mechanism part 40 that drills the hole bottom Hb of the drilling hole H, an enclosure member 50 that surrounds the support mechanism part 30, and an earth removal unit 60 that discharges the excavated soil outside the mine.

[0050] The drilling unit 2 is connected to a control unit 3 that controls the operation of the drilling mechanism section 40 and the support mechanism section 30, and is configured to operate the drilling mechanism section 40 and the support mechanism section 30 based on control signals from the control unit 3.

[0051] More specifically, the stage 10 of the drilling unit 2 is a work platform placed on the upper surface of the support mechanism 30. As shown in Fig. 3, this stage 10 is composed of a frame member 11 fixed to the support mechanism 30, and an expanded metal 12 placed on the frame member 11 and having a mesh large enough to allow the space below the frame member 11 to be seen.

[0052] Specifically, the stage 10 is formed in a generally circular shape when viewed from the bottom, with a diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the liner plate P, and has a passage hole 10a that is generally fan-shaped when viewed from the bottom, through which the soil discharge bucket 62 of the soil discharge unit 60, described later, passes. The passage hole 10a of the stage 10 is formed between two of the three support beams 34 of the support mechanism part 30, which will be described later.

[0053] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the head guard 20 is composed of a support portion 21 extending in the vertical direction at approximately the center of the stage 10 when viewed from above, and a roof portion 22 supported by the support portion 21 at a position spaced a predetermined distance above the stage 10.

[0054] Specifically, the support pillar 21 is a substantially cylindrical body extending in the vertical direction to a height equivalent to about four rings of the liner plate P, and is fixed to the upper surface of the central support part 33 of the support mechanism part 30 described later.

[0055] The inside of the support pillar 21 is connected to the inside of the central support 33, and a hydraulic hose (not shown) is inserted through it to transmit hydraulic energy from a hydraulic pump (not shown) installed outside the hole to the drilling mechanism 40 located below the stage 10.

[0056] On the other hand, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the roof portion 22 has an approximately circular shape in plan view that is approximately similar to the stage 10, which is approximately circular in plan view, and is composed of a frame member (symbol omitted) assembled to the top of the support portion 21 and an expanded metal (symbol omitted) with a mesh large enough to allow the worker M to be seen from outside the hole.

[0057] This roof portion 22 is formed with a diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the liner plate P and the outer diameter of the stage 10, and in the part facing the through hole 10a of the stage 10, a through hole 20a that is approximately fan-shaped in plan view is formed through which the soil discharge bucket 62 of the soil discharge unit 60 passes. The passage hole 20a of the roof portion 22 is formed to have approximately the same width as the passage hole 10a of the stage 10 in plan view.

[0058] In addition, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the support mechanism part 30 of the drilling unit 2 includes a support frame 31 that supports the stage 10, head guard 20, and drilling mechanism part 40, and three support legs 32 extending downward from the support frame 31.

[0059] More specifically, the support frame 31 is composed of a central support portion 33 disposed substantially in the center in a plan view, and three support beams 34 extending from the central support portion 33 in three directions. As shown in FIG. 3, the central support portion 33 is a disk-shaped member having a diameter approximately half that of the enclosing member 50 described later, and has an internal space through which a hydraulic hose (not shown) extending from the support portion 21 of the head guard 20 is inserted.

[0060] As shown in Figure 3, the three support beams 34 are columnar bodies extending radially from approximately the center of the central support portion 33 when viewed from the bottom, and are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction from approximately the center of the central support portion 33 when viewed from the bottom.

[0061] Specifically, the support beam 34 is, for example, a hydraulic actuator, and is configured to be extendable and contractible in the radial direction by a beam outer 34a fixed to the central support portion 33 and a beam inner 34b that is extended and retracted from the tip of the beam outer 34a.

[0062] Furthermore, the support beam 34 has a thickness in the radial direction and is provided with a curved plate-shaped pressing plate 34c at the tip of the beam inner 34b so as to be able to abut against the inner surface of the liner plate P and the hole wall Hw of the borehole H.

[0063] In addition, when the support beam 34 is in its most compressed state, the length from approximately the center of the central support portion 33 when viewed from the bottom to the radial outside of the pressure plate 34c is formed to be approximately the same as the radius of the enclosure member 50 described below.

[0064] On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the three support legs 32 are columnar bodies extending in the vertical direction, and are disposed on the lower surface of the outer beam member 34a near the tip thereof. Specifically, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the support leg 32 is, for example, a hydraulic actuator, and is configured to be freely expandable and contractible in the vertical direction, with an outer leg 32a fixed to the underside of the outer beam 34a and an inner leg 32b that can be extended and retracted downward from the lower end of the outer leg 32a.

[0065] Furthermore, two brackets 35 to which the enclosing member 50 is fixed are provided at a predetermined interval in the vertical direction on the side surface of the outer leg part 32a. The support mechanism 30 configured as described above is configured so that the three support beams 34 extend and retract independently, and the three support legs 32 extend and retract independently, based on control signals from the control unit 3.

[0066] In addition, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, the drilling mechanism part 40 of the drilling unit 2 includes a rotating part 41 that rotates relative to the support mechanism part 30, and a first drilling part 42 and a second drilling part 43 that have different drilling means for drilling the hole bottom Hb.

[0067] More specifically, the rotating part 41 is a generally circular disk-like shape in bottom view that is smaller than the central support part 33, and is arranged coaxially on the underside of the central support part 33. The rotating part 41 is configured to be able to rotate the first digging part 42 and the second digging part 43 integrally in a clockwise direction as viewed from the bottom and a counterclockwise direction as viewed from above, with the rotation axis being in the vertical direction passing through the generally center as viewed from the bottom.

[0068] As shown in FIG. 4, the first excavation unit 42 is made up of a base 421 extending in a predetermined direction, a first arm 422, a second arm 423, and a bucket 424 connected to the tip of the second arm 423. The first arm 422, the second arm 423 and the bucket 424 are configured to be pivotable about a pivot axis in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the rotating part 41, that is, in the horizontal direction.

[0069] Specifically, the first excavation section 42 has a base 421 fixed to the underside of the rotating section 41 so that one end of the base 421 is positioned approximately at the center of the rotating section 41 when viewed from the bottom, one end of the first arm 422 is pivotally connected to the other end of the base 421, one end of the second arm 423 is pivotally connected to the other end of the first arm 422, and the bucket 424 is pivotally connected to the other end of the second arm 423.

[0070] As shown in Figure 4(b), when the first arm 422 and the second arm 423 are folded compactly, the base 421, the first arm 422 and the second arm 423 are connected so that the pivot direction of the first arm 422 relative to the base 421 and the pivot direction of the second arm 423 relative to the first arm 422 are opposite to each other.

[0071] More specifically, as shown by the arrow in Figure 4(a), the first excavation section 42 is connected to the base 421, the first arm 422 and the second arm 423 so that, when viewed from the direction along the pivot axis, the folding direction that brings the first arm 422 closer to the base 421 and the folding direction that brings the second arm 423 closer to the first arm 422 are opposite to each other.

[0072] As shown in FIG. 5, the second excavation section 43 is made up of a base 431 extending in a predetermined direction, a first arm 432, a second arm 433, and a breaker 434 connected to the tip of the second arm 433. The first arm 432, the second arm 433 and the breaker 434 are configured to be pivotable about a pivot axis in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the rotating part 41, that is, in the horizontal direction.

[0073] Specifically, the second excavation section 43 has a base 431 fixed to the underside of the rotating section 41 so that one end of the base 431 is positioned approximately at the center of the rotating section 41 when viewed from the bottom, one end of the first arm 432 is pivotally connected to the other end of the base 431, one end of the second arm 433 is pivotally connected to the other end of the first arm 432, and a breaker 434 is pivotally connected to the other end of the second arm 433.

[0074] As shown in Figure 5(b), when the first arm 432 and the second arm 433 are folded compactly, the second excavation section 43 is connected to the base 431, the first arm 432, and the second arm 433 so that the pivot direction of the first arm 432 relative to the base 431 and the pivot direction of the second arm 433 relative to the first arm 432 are opposite to each other.

[0075] More specifically, as shown by the arrow in Figure 5(a), the second excavation section 43 is connected to the base 431, the first arm 432 and the second arm 433 so that, when viewed from the direction along the pivot axis, the folding direction that brings the first arm 432 closer to the base 431 and the folding direction that brings the second arm 433 closer to the first arm 432 are opposite to each other.

[0076] The second excavation section 43 is arranged so that the folding direction of the first arm 432 and the folding direction of the second arm 433 are opposite to the folding direction of the first arm 422 and the folding direction of the second arm 423 in the first excavation section 42, respectively.

[0077] More specifically, as shown in Figure 3, the first excavation section 42 and the second excavation section 43 of the above-mentioned configuration are arranged parallel to each other at a predetermined radial distance from each other across approximately the center (rotation axis) of the rotating section 41 when viewed from the bottom, and are arranged side by side so as to be point-symmetrical with the approximately center of the rotating section 41 when viewed from the bottom.

[0078] Therefore, the first digging section 42 and the second digging section 43 are arranged so that when viewed from the direction along the pivot axis, as shown by the arrows in Figures 4(a) and 5(a), if the folding direction of the first arm 422 in the first digging section 42 is counterclockwise, the folding direction of the first arm 432 in the second digging section 43 is clockwise.

[0079] Furthermore, the first digging section 42 and the second digging section 43 are arranged so that when the folding direction of the second arm 423 in the first digging section 42 is clockwise, the folding direction of the second arm 433 in the second digging section 43 is counterclockwise when viewed from the direction along the pivot axis.

[0080] In addition, the enclosure member 50 of the drilling unit 2 is designed to prevent soil and sand from flowing into the hole bottom Hb in the event that the hole wall Hw collapses, and is configured so as not to affect the expansion and contraction of the support leg 32.

[0081] Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the enclosing member 50 is formed in a generally cylindrical shape that integrally surrounds the three support legs 32 above the lower ends of the leg outers 32a of the support legs 32.

[0082] The enclosing member 50 is formed by assembling arc-shaped divided parts, each of which has a frame 52 that serves as a frame material on the outer periphery of an expanded metal 51, into a substantially ring shape. Furthermore, the circumferential connection positions of the divided parts of the enclosing member 50 are set at approximately the same circumferential positions as the support legs 32 , and the frames 52 of the divided parts are fixed to the brackets 35 of the support legs 32 .

[0083] More specifically, as shown in Figure 2, the enclosure member 50 is approximately cylindrical with a diameter smaller than the diameter of the drilling hole H and larger than the diameter of the liner plate P, and is formed with a vertical length that extends from a position slightly above the lower end of the leg outer 32a to the upper surface of the stage 10.

[0084] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 1, the enclosing member 50 has three openings 50a formed in the support beam 34 at approximately equal intervals in the circumferential direction, which allow the support beam 34 to extend radially outward beyond the enclosing member 50.

[0085] The opening 50a has approximately the same size as the pressure plate 34c provided at the tip of the support beam 34 of the support leg 32, and is formed by cutting out the upper edge so as to recess it downward.

[0086] In addition, the earth removal unit 60 of the excavation unit 2 is a unit for discharging the excavated earth that has been excavated from the hole bottom Hb by the excavation mechanism part 40 from the excavation hole H, and as shown in Figure 2, is composed of a rail 61 that extends upward from the bottom of the enclosure member 50 to above the ground surface Gs, and an earth removal bucket 62 that runs along the rail 61. The soil discharge bucket 62 is configured to be movable in the height direction of the borehole H along the rails 61 by a lifting winch provided on the ground.

[0087] Specifically, the rail 61 is disposed between two of the support beams 34 extending in three directions from the central support part 33 so that the soil dumping bucket 62 passes through the passage hole 10a of the stage 10 and the passage hole 20a of the head guard 20, and is fixed to the liner plate P. The rail 61 is configured to be able to extend downward as the hole bottom Hb is excavated.

[0088] In addition, the control unit 3 that controls the operation of the drilling unit 2 is composed of an operation unit 71 that accepts various operations from the worker M, a display unit 72 that displays various information, a memory unit 73 that stores various information, at least one camera 74 that captures images of the hole bottom Hb, at least one sensor 75 that detects the state of the hole bottom Hb, and a control unit 76 that controls the operation of each part, as shown in Figure 6.

[0089] Although detailed illustration is omitted, the operation unit 71 and the display unit 72 are arranged on the stage 10 so that the worker M on the stage 10 can operate the support mechanism unit 30 and the excavation mechanism unit 40.

[0090] Alternatively, the operation unit 71 and display unit 72 are located on the ground adjacent to the borehole H or in an administrative office away from the construction site so that workers can remotely operate the support mechanism unit 30 and the drilling mechanism unit 40.

[0091] Specifically, the operation unit 71 is composed of various operating levers and buttons, and has the function of accepting operations by workers who operate the support mechanism unit 30 and the excavation mechanism unit 40, and the function of outputting a signal indicating the accepted operation to the control unit 76.

[0092] The display unit 72 is composed of a liquid crystal display or the like, and has the function of displaying various information based on signals from the control unit 76. For example, the display unit 72 has the function of displaying the operating status of the support mechanism unit 30 and the operating status of the excavation mechanism unit 40, the function of displaying video data captured by the camera 74, the function of displaying various information detected by the sensor 75, and the like.

[0093] The storage unit 73 is configured with a hard disk or nonvolatile memory, and has the function of writing and storing various information and the function of reading out various information. The storage unit 73 stores programs for performing various processes.

[0094] The camera 74 is configured by a CCD camera or the like, and has the function of capturing an image of a subject as a moving image based on a control signal from the control unit 76, and the function of outputting an image signal of the captured image of the subject to the control unit 76.

[0095] The camera 74 is positioned so as to capture an image of the hole bottom Hb inside the enclosing member 50 as a subject. The camera 74 may be configured so that the image capturing direction can be changed by an operator operating the operation unit 71.

[0096] The sensor 75 has a function of detecting the excavation status of the hole bottom Hb inside the enclosing member 50 in a non-contact manner. The control unit 76 is composed of hardware such as a CPU and memory, and software such as a control program.

[0097] This control unit 76 has a processing function for sending and receiving various signals to and from the operation unit 71, display unit 72, memory unit 73, camera 74, and sensor 75, and a function for controlling the operation of each unit connected via a specified bus.

[0098] The control unit 3 configured as described above captures an image of the hole bottom Hb inside the enclosing member 50 with the camera 74 based on a control signal from the control unit 76, and displays the video data acquired from the camera 74 on the display unit 72.

[0099] When the worker operates the operating section 71 while looking at the display on the display section 72, the control section 76 of the control unit 3 controls the operation of the support mechanism section 30 based on the signal from the operating section 71, and also controls the operation of the drilling mechanism section 40 to drill the hole bottom Hb.

[0100] Next, a construction method for forming a predetermined pile hole in the ground G using the shaft construction device 1 described above will be described with reference to Figs. Figures 7 and 8 show a flowchart of the steps in the mechanical deep foundation method, Figures 9, 10 and 11 show explanatory diagrams illustrating the steps in the mechanical deep foundation method using schematic cross sections, and Figure 12 shows an explanatory diagram illustrating the backfill work using schematic cross sections. For clarity of illustration, the earth removal unit 60 is omitted from FIGS.

[0101] First, in the mechanical caisson foundation method, as shown in FIG. 7, a head pipe installation work is performed to install a head pipe 100 at a predetermined location in the ground G in order to form a pile hole inside the ground G (step S1). As shown in Figure 9(a), this mouth pipe 100 is constructed by installing a liner plate 100a, which is slightly larger in diameter than the liner plate P, in a borehole H dug into the ground surface Gs, and pouring fixed concrete 100b on the outside diameter of the liner plate 100a.

[0102] When the head pipe installation work is completed, reaction frame installation work is carried out to install the reaction frame 101 on the top of the excavation unit 2 arranged inside the head pipe 100 (step S2). Specifically, the first excavation section 42 and the second excavation section 43 are folded, and the excavation unit 2 with the beam inner 34b and leg inner 32b of the support mechanism section 30 contracted is placed on the radially inner side of the liner plate 100a of the mouth pipe 100, as shown in Figure 9(b).

[0103] Furthermore, a tower-shaped reaction frame 101, the lower ends of which are fixed to the fixed concrete 100b of the nozzle pipe 100, is assembled above the stage 10. At this time, the reaction frame 101 is assembled so that its column members face the support beams 34 of the support mechanism unit 30.

[0104] Once the reaction frame 101 is assembled, the hole bottom excavation work is performed to excavate the hole bottom Hb using the drilling unit 2 supported by the reaction frame 101 (step S3). Specifically, as shown in Figure 9(c), the drilling unit 2 extends the support beam 34 based on a control signal from the control unit 76 and presses it against the pillar member of the reaction frame 101, and then the drilling mechanism unit 40 begins drilling the hole bottom Hb.

[0105] At this time, for example, the bucket 424 of the first excavation unit 42 excavates the hole bottom Hb while the rotational positions of the first excavation unit 42 and the second excavation unit 43 are changed by the rotation unit 41. Then, if rocks appear at the hole bottom Hb, the breaker 434 of the second excavation unit 43 is used to excavate the hole bottom Hb while breaking the rock.

[0106] Furthermore, when excavating below the support legs 32, one of the three support legs 32 is retracted, the area below that support leg 32 is dug, and then that support leg 32 is extended to contact the dug area (see Figure 9(c)).

[0107] In this way, the first drilling section 42 and the second drilling section 43 are selectively used depending on the condition of the hole bottom Hb, and the support legs 32 are repeatedly extended and retracted to excavate the hole bottom Hb. During this process, the drilling mechanism section 40 of the drilling unit 2 is supported on the reaction frame 101 by the support mechanism section 30, so that the position of the drilled hole H in the height direction does not change even when the hole bottom Hb is excavated.

[0108] Therefore, if the hole bottom Hb continues to be excavated, it becomes difficult for the bucket 424 and breaker 434 to reach the hole bottom Hb, and the hole bottom Hb cannot be excavated. Therefore, as shown in Figure 9(d), based on a control signal from the control unit 76, the excavation unit 2 folds the first excavation section 42 and the second excavation section 43 and retracts the support beam 34, and then retracts all of the support legs 32 to move the excavation mechanism section 40 downward.

[0109] When the support legs 32 are retracted and the drilling mechanism 40 is moved downward, the drilling unit 2 again extends the support beams 34 to press them against the reaction frame 101, and then resumes drilling the hole bottom Hb. This is repeated until the hole bottom Hb is dug down until the stage 10 is positioned below the ground surface Gs, and then a surface ring assembly process is performed to construct a surface ring PA that protrudes above the ground surface Gs (step S4).

[0110] This surface ring PA is composed of a liner plate P attached to a reaction frame 101 as a support jig for constructing a first ring P1 inside the borehole H. Specifically, as shown in Figure 10(a), after lowering the height of the reaction frame 101, the liner plate P is assembled to the reaction frame 101 so that its lower end is positioned at the height of the ground surface Gs to form the ground surface ring PA.

[0111] Once the surface ring PA is constructed, as shown in Figure 10(b), the support beam 34 of the support mechanism unit 30 is pressed against the inner surface of the mouth pipe 100, and then the support leg unit 32 is extended and retracted while selectively using the first drilling unit 42 and the second drilling unit 43 to perform hole bottom drilling work, digging down the hole bottom Hb by at least one ring of the liner plate P (step S5).

[0112] When the hole bottom Hb is dug down by at least the amount of one ring of the liner plate P, a first ring assembling step is carried out to assemble the first ring P1 below the surface ring PA (step S6). At this time, a worker M on stage 10 assembles a liner plate section to the lower end of the surface ring PA, as shown in Figure 10(c), to form a ring-shaped liner plate P that will become the first ring P1 (lowest ring PB).

[0113] Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 10(d), the worker M fills the space between the liner plate P of the mouth pipe 100 and the first ring P1 with backfilling material 102 or mortar. When the first ring assembly work is completed, the worker M disassembles and removes the reaction frame 101 and the ground ring PA, as shown in FIG. 11(a).

[0114] Once the reaction frame 101 and the surface ring PA have been removed, the support beam 34 of the support mechanism unit 30 is pressed against the hole wall Hw of the borehole H, and then the support leg unit 32 is extended and retracted while selectively using the first drilling unit 42 and the second drilling unit 43 to perform hole bottom drilling work to dig down the hole bottom Hb (step S7).

[0115] Then, when a space corresponding to the height of one ring of liner plate P is formed above the stage 10, the liner plate P is assembled to the lowest ring PB. Thereafter, the excavation of the hole bottom Hb and the assembly of the liner plate P are repeated to construct the excavation hole H of a predetermined depth, but the excavated soil that accumulates inside the excavation hole H due to the excavation of the hole bottom Hb by the excavation mechanism unit 40 must be discharged outside the hole.

[0116] Therefore, in the hole bottom excavation work in step S7, the hole bottom Hb is excavated while the excavated soil from the hole bottom Hb is loaded into the soil discharge bucket 62 of the soil discharge unit 60. At this time, if the soil discharge bucket 62 is not full (step S8: No), the excavated soil is loaded until the soil discharge bucket 62 is full of excavated soil.

[0117] On the other hand, when the soil discharge bucket 62 is full of excavated soil (step S8: Yes), the excavation mechanism unit 40 can no longer excavate the hole bottom Hb, so the excavated soil loaded in the soil discharge bucket 62 is discharged outside the hole (step S9 in Figure 8).

[0118] At this time, the first excavation part 42 and the second excavation part 43 are folded to be compact, and the rotating part 41 is rotated to retreat from the position below the passage hole 10a. In this way, the rotation position of the rotating part 41 retreating from the position below the passage hole 10a is set as the retreat position.

[0119] Then, when the rotating part 41 is rotated to the retracted position, a lifting winch (not shown) set above is wound up, and the soil dumping bucket 62 is moved upward along the rails 61. The soil dumping bucket 62 that has started to move upward passes between the support beams 34 of the support frame 31, passes through the passage hole 10a of the stage 10, and moves to above the first ring P1.

[0120] The empty soil dumping bucket 62 is lowered along the rail 61 by a lifting winch, passes through the passage hole 10a, passes between the support beams 34, and is lowered to the hole bottom Hb. Then, when the earth removal unit 60 has completed removing the earth, the excavation mechanism section 40 is returned to the normal excavation position and excavation posture, and excavation of the hole bottom Hb is resumed.

[0121] After resuming drilling of the hole bottom Hb, if a space equivalent to the height of one ring of liner plate P has not been formed above the stage 10 (step S10: No), return to the hole bottom drilling work (step S7) and continue drilling of the hole bottom Hb.

[0122] Meanwhile, when the drilling mechanism 40 continues to drill the hole bottom Hb and a space equivalent to the height of one ring of liner plate P is formed above the stage 10 (step S10: Yes), the nth ring assembly process is performed to assemble the nth ring Pn below the lowest ring PB (step S11), and the assembled liner plate P becomes the lowest ring PB.

[0123] As shown in FIG. 11(a), once the n-th ring Pn, which becomes the lowest ring PB, is assembled, a backfilling step (step S12) is performed to fill the gap between the outer surface of the lowest ring PB and the hole wall Hw with backfilling material 102. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 12(a), a worker M on the stage 10 performs a filler member attachment work of attaching a filler member 103 to the lower flange of the lowest ring PB with a clamp 104 (step S121).

[0124] This filler member 103 is composed of a filler ring 103a, which is a circular flat plate having an inner diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the liner plate P and an outer diameter larger than the outer diameter of the enclosing member 50, and a circular filler tip portion 103b attached to the outer peripheral edge of the filler ring 103a and abutting the hole wall Hw.

[0125] The filler member 103 is divided into roughly fan-shaped sections when viewed from above, and the divided sections are arranged side by side along the circumferential direction of the liner plate P and fixed to the lower flange of the lowest ring PB, thereby forming a circular ring.

[0126] Once the filler member 103 is fixed to the lower flange of the lowest ring PB, worker M performs backfilling work (step S122) to fill the space between the lowest ring PB and the hole wall Hw with backfilling material 102 through a filling port Px provided in the liner plate P.

[0127] At this time, since the upper part is blocked with backfilling material 102 and mortar and the lower part is blocked with filling material 103, the backfilling material 102 is filled without any gaps in the space between the lowest ring PB and the hole wall Hw, as shown in Figures 11(b) and 12(b).

[0128] After the backfilling material 102 filled in the space between the lowest ring PB and the hole wall Hw has hardened, a filling ring removal process (step S123) is carried out to remove the filling member 103 attached to the lower flange of the liner plate P with a clamp 104, thereby completing the backfilling process.

[0129] If excavation has not yet reached the predetermined depth (step S13: No), the above steps are repeated until the predetermined depth is reached. For example, as shown in Fig. 11(b) to Fig. 11(c), excavation of the hole bottom Hb, assembly of the nth ring Pn to the lowest ring PB, and backfilling are repeated until excavation has reached the predetermined depth.

[0130] Then, when excavation to the specified depth is completed (step S13: Yes), the enclosure members 50 and other components are disassembled inside the borehole H to remove the drilling unit 2, and post-processing work (step S14) is carried out according to the specifications required for the pile hole, such as spraying the hole bottom Hb and the inner surface of the liner plate P, to complete the construction of the pile hole.

[0131] As described above, the shaft construction device 1, which constructs a shaft underground by extending a ring-shaped liner plate P in the vertical direction, is positioned below the existing liner plate P constructed underground and is equipped with an excavation mechanism unit 40 that excavates the hole bottom Hb, and a support mechanism unit 30 that suspends and supports the excavation mechanism unit 40.

[0132] This excavation mechanism unit 40 includes a first excavation unit 42 having an excavation means (bucket 424) at its tip for excavating the hole bottom Hb, and a second excavation unit 43 having an excavation means (breaker 434) at its tip for excavating the hole bottom Hb. The excavation means has different configurations for the first excavation section 42 and the second excavation section 43.

[0133] According to this configuration, the drilling mechanism unit 40 is equipped with a first drilling unit 42 and a second drilling unit 43, which have different drilling means, so that the hole bottom Hb can be drilled using a single drilling mechanism unit 40 while using the first drilling unit 42 and the second drilling unit 43 depending on the condition of the hole bottom Hb.

[0134] For example, if rocks appear while excavating the hole bottom Hb with the first excavation unit 42 equipped with a bucket 424, the shaft construction device 1 can excavate the rocks with the second excavation unit 43 equipped with a breaker 434, and then continue excavating the hole bottom Hb again with the first excavation unit 42 equipped with a bucket 424.

[0135] Therefore, the shaft construction device 1 eliminates the need to move the drilling mechanism outside the mine and replace the drilling means, and can therefore drill the hole bottom Hb more efficiently than when the drilling mechanism 40 is equipped with a single drilling unit. Furthermore, the shaft construction device 1 can excavate the hole bottom Hb more efficiently by, for example, operating the first excavation unit 42 and the second excavation unit 43 simultaneously to excavate the hole bottom Hb.

[0136] The excavation mechanism 40 also includes a first excavation unit 42 which is composed of arms (first arm 422, second arm 423) which pivot about a pivot axis in a direction perpendicular to the height direction, and a bucket 424 provided at the tip of the arm (tip of the second arm 423).

[0137] Furthermore, the excavation mechanism unit 40 is equipped with a second excavation unit 43 consisting of arms (first arm 432, second arm 433) that pivot around a pivot axis in a direction perpendicular to the height direction, and a breaker 434 provided at the tip of the arm (tip of the second arm 433).

[0138] In addition, the excavation mechanism unit 40 is suspended and supported by the support mechanism unit 30, and is equipped with a rotating unit 41 that rotates the first excavation unit 42 and the second excavation unit 43 together in a rotational direction with the height direction as the rotation axis. The first excavation section 42 and the second excavation section 43 are arranged side by side in the perpendicular direction with the rotation axis of the rotation section 41 between them.

[0139] With this configuration, the bucket 424 and the breaker 434 can be moved in a rotational direction with the height direction as the rotation axis and in a pivotal direction with the perpendicular direction as the pivot axis, so that the bucket 424 and the breaker 434 can reach the entire area of ​​the hole bottom Hb.

[0140] In this case, the rotating unit 41 rotates the first excavation unit 42 and the second excavation unit 43, which are arranged side by side in perpendicular directions on either side of the rotation axis of the rotating unit 41, as a single unit, so that the shaft construction device 1 can maintain the relative positions of the first excavation unit 42 and the second excavation unit 43 constant regardless of the rotation position of the rotating unit 41. As a result, the shaft construction device 1 can prevent the operation of one drilling unit from being hindered by the other drilling unit, even when the first drilling unit 42 and the second drilling unit 43 are operated simultaneously, thereby enabling more efficient drilling of the entire area of ​​the hole bottom Hb.

[0141] In addition, the first digging section 42 and the second digging section 43 are configured so that the folding direction of the first arm 422 in the first digging section 42 around the pivot axis and the folding direction of the first arm 432 in the second digging section 43 around the pivot axis are opposite to each other.

[0142] Furthermore, the first digging section 42 and the second digging section 43 are configured so that the folding direction of the second arm 423 in the first digging section 42 around the pivot axis and the folding direction of the second arm 433 in the second digging section 43 around the pivot axis are opposite to each other.

[0143] According to this configuration, when bending and straightening the first excavation section 42 and the second excavation section 43, it is possible to prevent, for example, the bucket 424 and the breaker 434 from interfering with each other, thereby preventing the operation of the first excavation section 42 and the second excavation section 43 from being hindered.

[0144] The support mechanism 30 also includes a support frame 31 having a central support 33 that supports the drilling mechanism 40, and three support beams 34 extending from the central support 33 toward the hole wall Hw, and three support legs 32 extending from the support beams 34 toward the hole bottom Hb. The three support legs 32 are configured to be extendable and contractible in the height direction.

[0145] According to this configuration, for example, by extending each of the support legs 32 in accordance with the unevenness of the hole bottom Hb, the drilling mechanism unit 40 suspended and supported by the support frame 31 can be stably supported at the desired vertical position.

[0146] Furthermore, since the support frame 31 descends by retracting the support legs 32 as the hole bottom Hb is excavated, the shaft construction device 1 can lower the excavation mechanism unit 40 suspended and supported by the support frame 31 as the hole bottom Hb is excavated.

[0147] Therefore, for example, in a configuration in which the drilling mechanism is supported at the tip of a support member that extends downward as drilling progresses, the drilling mechanism needs to be moved outside the mine every time the support member is extended, whereas the shaft construction device 1 can excavate the hole bottom Hb without moving the drilling mechanism 40 outside the mine. As a result, the shaft construction device 1 can continuously excavate the hole bottom Hb using the excavation mechanism unit 40, and therefore can efficiently excavate the hole bottom Hb.

[0148] Furthermore, since the support beam 34 is configured to be able to freely extend and retract toward the hole wall Hw and to be able to be pressed against the hole wall Hw, the shaft construction device 1 can reliably support the support frame 31 at the desired vertical position through cooperation between the support leg portion 32 and the support beam 34, and the support mechanism portion 30 can absorb the reaction force when excavating the hole bottom Hb.

[0149] Furthermore, since the support beam 34 is tensioned to support the central support part 33, the shaft construction device 1 can excavate the hole bottom Hb without tilting, even if there is a gap between one of the three support legs 32 and the hole bottom Hb. This allows the shaft construction device 1 to continuously excavate the hole bottom Hb in a stable state.

[0150] The support leg 32 is extendable and contractible, and is made up of an outer leg 32a fixed to the support beam 34 and an inner leg 32b that can be inserted and removed from below the outer leg 32a. According to this configuration, the support frame 31 can be supported by the support leg 32 having a simple configuration, so that a larger working space can be secured between the support frame 31 and the hole bottom Hb compared to the support leg that deforms like a pantograph jack. As a result, the shaft construction device 1 can ensure a wide movable space for the excavation mechanism unit 40, thereby reducing the frequency of extension and contraction of the support legs and enabling efficient excavation of the hole bottom Hb.

[0151] The shaft construction device 1 also includes an enclosing member 50 that integrally encloses the three support legs 32 along the hole wall Hw above the lower end of the leg outer 32a. According to this configuration, the enclosing member 50 prevents earth and rocks from the hole wall Hw from flowing into the hole bottom Hb.

[0152] Furthermore, when the support leg 32 is fully retracted, the enclosure member 50 does not land on the hole bottom Hb, so the shaft construction device 1 can prevent the enclosure member 50 from obstructing the support of the excavation mechanism 40 by the support leg 32.

[0153] Furthermore, since the enclosure member 50 is configured to be divided circumferentially, the shaft construction device 1 makes it easy to assemble the enclosure member 50, and the enclosure member 50 can be dismantled inside the borehole H and easily removed outside the mine. Furthermore, by providing the operation unit 71 that remotely controls the excavation mechanism unit 40, the shaft construction device 1 can reduce the amount of work that the worker M has to do inside the hole, thereby improving the working environment.

[0154] In addition, the method of constructing a vertical shaft in the ground by extending a ring-shaped liner plate P in the vertical direction involves placing the plate below an existing liner plate P constructed in the ground, and having an excavation mechanism unit 40 suspended and supported by a support mechanism unit 30 perform an excavation process (hole bottom excavation work) to excavate the hole bottom Hb.

[0155] Then, in the excavation process (hole bottom excavation work), the excavation mechanism unit 40 excavates the hole bottom Hb using the excavation unit having the excavation means appropriate to the condition of the hole bottom Hb, out of the first excavation unit 42 and the second excavation unit 43, which have different excavation means (bucket 424 and breaker 434) installed at the tip.

[0156] According to this configuration, the hole bottom Hb can be excavated by one excavation mechanism unit 40 while selectively using a plurality of excavation means depending on the condition of the hole bottom Hb. Therefore, this method of constructing a vertical shaft eliminates the need to move the drilling mechanism outside the mine and replace the drilling means, allowing the hole bottom Hb to be drilled more efficiently than when the drilling mechanism 40 is equipped with a single drilling unit.

[0157] In addition, the excavation mechanism unit 40 is supported by a rotating unit 41 suspended from the support mechanism unit 30, which rotates the first excavation unit 42 and the second excavation unit 43, which are composed of an arm that pivots around a pivot axis in a direction perpendicular to the height direction, and an excavation means provided at the tip of the arm, in a rotational direction with the height direction as the rotation axis.

[0158] The method for constructing the shaft is as follows: in the excavation process (hole bottom excavation work), the rotating unit 41 is rotated so that excavation can be performed by using the excavation unit having excavation means appropriate to the condition of the hole bottom Hb, out of the first excavation unit 42 and the second excavation unit 43 which are arranged side by side in perpendicular directions on either side of the rotation axis of the rotating unit 41.

[0159] With this configuration, the drilling means can be moved in a rotational direction with the height direction as the rotation axis and in a pivotal direction with the perpendicular direction as the pivot axis, thereby allowing the drilling means to reach the entire area of ​​the hole bottom Hb.

[0160] In this case, the rotating unit 41 rotates the first excavation unit 42 and the second excavation unit 43, which are arranged side by side in perpendicular directions on either side of the rotation axis of the rotating unit 41, as a single unit, so that the shaft construction method can keep the relative positions of the first excavation unit 42 and the second excavation unit 43 constant regardless of the rotation position of the rotating unit 41.

[0161] As a result, the shaft construction method can prevent the operation of one drilling unit from being hindered by the other drilling unit, even when the first drilling unit 42 and the second drilling unit 43 are operated simultaneously, thereby making it possible to more efficiently excavate the entire area of ​​the hole bottom Hb.

[0162] Furthermore, the first digging section 42 and the second digging section 43 may be configured so that the folding directions of the arms about the pivot shaft are opposite to each other. According to this configuration, when bending and straightening the first drilling section 42 and the second drilling section 43 during the drilling process (hole bottom drilling work), it is possible to prevent the drilling means from interfering with each other, for example, and hindering the operation of the first drilling section 42 and the second drilling section 43. [Example]

[0163] The excavation unit 4 of Example 2 includes an enclosing member 90 having a different configuration from that of the above-described Example 1. The excavation unit 4 of Example 2 will be described with reference to Fig. 13 showing an external perspective view of the enclosing member 90. The same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[0164] The excavation unit 4 of Example 2 comprises a stage 10, a head guard 20, a support mechanism 30, an excavation mechanism 40, an enclosure member 90 and an earth removal unit 60, and the operation of the support mechanism 30 and the operation of the excavation mechanism 40 are controlled by a control unit 3.

[0165] As shown in FIG. 13, the enclosing member 90 in this second embodiment is configured by extending a liner plate in the vertical direction, the liner plate being made up of liner plate sections of a substantially arcuate shape assembled into a ring shape. Unlike the first embodiment, the enclosing member 90 is formed to have a vertical length extending from a position above the lower end of the outer leg part 32a to the lower end of the support beam .

[0166] Specifically, the enclosure member 90 is constructed by assembling liner plates in the vertical direction, the inner and outer diameters of which are approximately the same as the inner and outer diameters of the liner plate P constructed above the stage 10, or the inner and outer diameters of which are larger than the inner and outer diameters of the liner plate P.

[0167] In this second embodiment, as an example, the enclosure member 90 is composed of an upper liner plate 91 located above and a lower liner plate 92 assembled to the lower end of the upper liner plate 91, as shown in Figure 13.

[0168] Furthermore, unlike the liner plate P constructed above the stage 10, the upper liner plate 91 and the lower liner plate 92 are assembled so that the circumferential connection positions of the liner plate sections coincide in the vertical direction.

[0169] As shown in Figure 13, the enclosure member 90 having this configuration has the upper flange of the upper liner plate 91 removably fixed to the upper bracket 36 provided near the upper end of the leg outer 32a, and the lower flange of the lower liner plate 92 removably fixed to the lower bracket 37 provided at the bottom of the leg outer 32a. The upper bracket 36 and the lower bracket 37 that support the enclosing member 90 are detachably attached to the outer leg 32a.

[0170] Next, the mechanical caisson foundation method of Example 2 using the above-mentioned excavation unit 4 will be described with reference to Figures 14 and 15, which show explanatory diagrams illustrating the steps of the mechanical caisson foundation method of Example 2 in schematic cross-section.

[0171] In the mechanical deep foundation construction method of Example 2, excavation to install the mouth pipe 110 and excavation to construct the first ring P1 to the nth ring Pn are performed by heavy machinery, and excavation to assemble and extend a new liner plate P below the nth ring Pn is performed by the excavation unit 4.

[0172] More specifically, in the mechanical caisson foundation method of Example 2, the head pipe installation work of installing the head pipe 110 at a predetermined location in the ground G is carried out using, for example, heavy machinery equipped with a clamshell bucket at the end of its arm.

[0173] In this case, in the mechanical deep foundation construction method of Example 2, as shown in Figure 14(a), a liner plate 110a with a larger diameter than the liner plate P is installed in an excavation hole H dug down into the ground surface Gs by the amount of one ring of the liner plate P, and fixed concrete 110b is poured outside the diameter of the liner plate 110a.

[0174] Furthermore, in the mechanical deep foundation construction method of Example 2, a heavy machine having a clamshell bucket is used to dig down the hole bottom Hb inside the liner plate 110a by the amount of one ring of liner plate P, and a new liner plate 110a is assembled below the lowest liner plate 110a.

[0175] In the mechanical caisson foundation method of Example 2, the hole mouth pipe 110 is constructed by repeating the excavation of the hole bottom Hb by heavy machinery and the assembly of a new liner plate 110a to a predetermined depth. Once installation of the mouth pipe 110 is complete, heavy machinery with a clamshell bucket is used to excavate the inside of the mouth pipe 110 to a diameter slightly larger than that of the liner plate P, and pre-excavation work is carried out to construct the liner plate P.

[0176] Specifically, as shown in FIG. 14(a), the hole bottom Hb inside the mouth pipe 110 is dug down by at least one ring of the liner plate P using heavy machinery having a clamshell bucket.

[0177] After digging down the depth of one ring of liner plate P, as shown in Figure 14(a), worker M performs a first ring assembly process in which approximately arc-shaped liner plate sections are assembled into a ring shape to construct liner plate P, which becomes the first ring P1, and a backfilling process in which backfilling material 102 is filled between the first ring P1 and the hole wall Hw.

[0178] After that, the hole bottom Hb is excavated using heavy machinery, the nth ring Pn is assembled to the lowest ring PB, and backfilling work is repeated until the hole bottom Hb is dug to a depth where excavation using heavy machinery becomes difficult, thereby completing the over-excavation work.

[0179] In this case, as shown in Figure 14 (b), the lowest ring PB is composed of the nth ring Pn assembled so that when the drilling unit 4 is placed on the hole bottom Hb, there is at least enough space between the lower liner plate 92 of the enclosure member 90 and the hole bottom Hb. Therefore, below the lowest ring PB, the hole wall Hw is exposed to a height of at least one ring.

[0180] Once the overexcavation work is completed, the excavation unit 4 with the enclosure member 90 removed is placed on the radially inner side of the liner plate P, and then the lower liner plate 92 of the enclosure member 90 is assembled to the support leg 32 of the excavation unit 4, as shown in Figure 14(b). At this time, the lower liner plate 92 is disposed below and adjacent to the lowest ring PB.

[0181] Thereafter, the drilling unit 4 is operated by the worker M to extend the support beam 34 and press it against the existing liner plate P, and then the drilling mechanism section 40 performs hole bottom drilling work to excavate the hole bottom Hb. At this time, the drilling unit 4 excavates the hole bottom Hb with the drilling mechanism part 40 while extending and retracting the support legs 32, similar to the first embodiment described above.

[0182] Furthermore, when the support beam 34 of the drilling unit 4 moves below the lowest ring PB as the hole bottom Hb is drilled, the support beam 34 is pressed against the hole wall Hw to drill the hole bottom Hb, as shown in Figure 15.

[0183] When the hole bottom Hb is excavated to a depth where a space of one or more rings is formed between the lowest ring PB and the lower liner plate 92 of the enclosure member 90, worker M constructs the enclosure member 90 by assembling the upper liner plate 91 above the lower liner plate 92 fixed to the support leg 32, as shown in Figure 15.

[0184] Thereafter, the drilling unit 4 continues to excavate the hole bottom Hb until a space equivalent to the height of one ring of the liner plate P is formed above the stage 10 while discharging the excavated soil to the outside of the hole. When a space equivalent to the height of one ring of liner plate P is formed above the stage 10, worker M performs the nth ring assembly work of assembling the nth ring Pn below the lowest ring PB, and the backfilling work of filling the space between the new lowest ring PB and the hole wall Hw with backfilling material 102.

[0185] Then, after repeating the drilling of the hole bottom Hb, assembling the nth ring Pn to the lowest ring PB, and backfilling work to the specified depth, the enclosing member 90 and other parts are disassembled inside the drilling hole H to remove the drilling unit 4, and post-processing work according to the specifications required for the pile hole, such as spraying the hole bottom Hb and the inner surface of the liner plate P, is carried out, completing the construction of the pile hole.

[0186] As described above, the shaft construction device 1 and shaft construction method in Example 2, like those in Example 1 described above, can continuously excavate the hole bottom Hb using the excavation mechanism unit 40, thereby enabling the hole bottom Hb to be excavated efficiently.

[0187] In correspondence between the configuration of this invention and the above-mentioned embodiment, The lining material of this invention corresponds to the liner plate P of the embodiment, Similarly, The excavation means corresponds to a bucket 424 and a breaker 434; The excavation section corresponds to the first excavation section 42 and the second excavation section 43, The arms correspond to the first arm 422 and the second arm 423, and the first arm 432 and the second arm 433, The remote control unit corresponds to the operation unit 71, The excavation process corresponds to steps S3, S5, and S7. The present invention is not limited to the configurations of the above-described embodiments, and many other embodiments can be obtained.

[0188] For example, in the above-described embodiment, the holes formed by the drilling units 2 and 4 are pile holes, but the present invention is not limited to this and may be vertical shafts. Furthermore, although a liner plate P having a circular shape when viewed from above was constructed inside the drilling hole H having a circular shape when viewed from above, this is not limited to this, and the liner plate P may also be in the shape of an approximately oval ring when viewed from above, an approximately elliptical ring when viewed from above, an approximately rectangular ring when viewed from above, or an approximately polygonal ring when viewed from above.

[0189] Furthermore, although the inside of the borehole H is protected by the liner plate P, this is not limitative, and the inside of the borehole H may be protected by segments or sprayed concrete instead of the liner plate P. Furthermore, although the stage 10 is configured from the frame member 11 and the expanded metal 12, the present invention is not limited to this, and instead of the expanded metal 12, an iron plate may be placed on the frame member 11.

[0190] Furthermore, although the roof portion 22 of the head guard 20 is constructed from a frame member and expanded metal, this is not limited to this, and the roof portion 22 may be constructed from an iron plate or a permeable resin plate instead of expanded metal. Furthermore, the support mechanism 30 has three support beams 34 and three support legs 32, but is not limited to this and any appropriate number of support beams and support legs may be used.

[0191] Furthermore, although the excavation mechanism unit 40 is configured to be suspended and supported on a support frame 31 having an extendable support beam 34, this is not limited to this, and the excavation mechanism unit 40 may also be configured to be suspended and supported on a support frame 31 having a non-extendable support beam.

[0192] In this case, the support beams of the support frame 31 are configured to be fixed to the inner surface of the enclosing member 50, or to the inner surface of the cutting edge, which is, for example, a steel cylinder provided in place of the enclosing member 50. Furthermore, the support legs 32 of the support mechanism 30 may be eliminated, and a jack that uses the existing liner plate P as a reaction force to lower the cutting edge may be arranged on the support frame 31.

[0193] Furthermore, although the bucket 424 and the breaker 434 have been used as the excavation means for excavating the hole bottom Hb, this is not limited to this, and any appropriate excavation means may be used as long as it is a means for digging the hole bottom Hb or a means for drilling rock. Furthermore, the plurality of excavation means in the excavation mechanism section 40 is not limited to a combination of excavation means of different types as in the above-described embodiment, but may be a combination of excavation means of the same type but different sizes.

[0194] Furthermore, the hole bottom Hb was drilled while the support beams 34 were pressed against the pillars of the reaction frame 101, the inner surface of the mouth pipe 100, the inner surface of the liner plate P, or the hole wall Hw of the drilling hole H, but this is not limited to this, and the hole bottom Hb may also be drilled with all of the support beams 34 retracted, except when drilling below the support legs 32.

[0195] When excavating below the support leg 32, at least the support beam 34 to which the support leg 32 is fixed is extended and pressed against the column of the reaction frame 101, the inner surface of the mouth pipe 100, the inner surface of the liner plate P, or the hole wall Hw of the drilling hole H, and then the support leg 32 is retracted to excavate the hole bottom Hb.

[0196] Furthermore, although not mentioned in the above-described embodiment, the drilling units 2, 4 may operate the first drilling section 42 and the second drilling section 43 separately to drill the hole bottom Hb, or may operate the first drilling section 42 and the second drilling section 43 simultaneously to drill the hole bottom Hb.

[0197] Furthermore, although the enclosure member 50 is constructed from the expanded metal 51 and the frame 52, it is not limited to this and may be constructed from an iron plate or the like instead of the expanded metal 51 as long as it has the strength to prevent soil and sand from flowing into the hole bottom Hb.

[0198] Furthermore, after the assembly of the first ring P1 is completed, backfilling material 102 is filled between the liner plate 100a of the mouth pipe 100 and the first ring P1, but this is not limited to this, and the backfilling material 102 may also be filled between the liner plate 100a of the mouth pipe 100 and the first ring P1 during the backfilling work (step S12) after the assembly of the second ring P2 is completed.

[0199] Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, the camera 74 captures an image of the hole bottom Hb inside the enclosing member 50 under the control of the control unit 76, and the image data of the camera 74 is displayed on the display unit 72. Then, while watching the display on the display unit 72, the worker M operates the operation unit 71 to excavate the hole bottom Hb with the excavation mechanism unit 40, that is, the operation unit 71 is used to remotely operate the excavation mechanism unit 40, but the excavation by the excavation mechanism unit 40 may be configured to be automatic under the control of the control unit 76.

[0200] Specifically, the excavation status of the hole bottom Hb inside the enclosure member 50 is detected by a sensor 75, and based on the excavation status detected by the sensor 75, the control unit 76 drives and controls the excavation mechanism unit 40, so that the excavation mechanism unit 40 excavates the hole bottom Hb.

[0201] In addition, a position detection sensor may be connected to the control unit 76 so that the position of the soil discharge bucket 62 in the soil discharge unit 60 can be detected, and the drive control of the excavation mechanism unit 40 may be performed taking into account not only the excavation status of the hole bottom Hb but also the position information of the soil discharge bucket 62. In addition to detecting the excavation status of the hole bottom Hb using the sensor 75, the hole bottom Hb may be imaged using multiple cameras 74, and the excavation status of the hole bottom Hb may be detected using the images to control the operation of the excavation mechanism unit 40.

[0202] In this way, there are provided a control unit 76 that controls the drilling mechanism unit 40 and a sensor 75 that detects the condition of the drilling location at the hole bottom Hb drilled by the drilling mechanism unit 40, and the control unit 76 controls the drilling of the drilling mechanism unit 40 based on the detection results of the sensor 75, so that the drilling location can be excavated by the drilling mechanism unit 40 under automatic driving control. Therefore, the work in the hole by the worker M can be reduced, improving the working environment and achieving high efficiency.

[0203] Furthermore, in Example 2, the enclosure member 90 is configured with an upper liner plate 91 and a lower liner plate 92, but is not limited to this. For example, as shown in Fig. 16 which shows an external perspective view of the enclosure member 90 in another embodiment, the enclosure member 90 may include an upper liner plate 91, a lower liner plate 92, and a thin plate material 93 fixed so as to surround the outer peripheral surface of the upper liner plate 91 and the outer peripheral surface of the lower liner plate 92.

[0204] This allows the shaft construction device 1 to prevent the corrugated thin steel plates of the upper liner plate 91 and the lower liner plate 92 from getting caught on gravel on the hole wall Hw when the drilling unit 4 moves downward as the hole bottom Hb is drilled.

[0205] Furthermore, in the mechanical caisson foundation construction method of the above-mentioned Example 2, the excavation unit 2 of Example 1 equipped with the enclosure member 50 may be used. Even in this case, the same effects as those of the above-mentioned Example 2 can be achieved.

[0206] Furthermore, in the mechanical caisson foundation method of Example 2, the excavation for installing the mouth pipe 110 and the excavation for constructing the first ring P1 to the nth ring Pn are performed by heavy machinery, and the excavation for assembling and extending a new liner plate P below the nth ring Pn is performed by the excavation unit 4, but this is not limited to this. For example, as in Example 1, the mouth pipe 110 and the liner plate P may be constructed while the excavation unit 4 excavates the hole bottom Hb using the reaction frame 101.

[0207] Alternatively, the excavation for installing the mouth pipe 110 and the excavation for constructing the first ring P1 may be performed by heavy machinery, and the excavation for assembling and extending a new liner plate P below the first ring P1 may be performed by the excavation unit 4.

[0208] Specifically, as shown in Figure 17(a), which is an explanatory diagram illustrating the steps of the mechanical deep foundation construction method in another embodiment in a schematic cross section, the mouth pipe installation work to install the mouth pipe 110 and the first ring assembly work to construct the first ring P1 are carried out using heavy machinery in the same manner as in Example 2 above, and then the excavation unit 4 with the enclosure member 90 removed is positioned radially inside the first ring P1.

[0209] In this case, as shown in Figure 17(a), the hole bottom excavation work is performed using the drilling unit 4 with the support beam 34 extended and pressed against the liner plate 110a, and the hole bottom Hb is excavated to a depth that creates a space below the first ring P1 in which the lower liner plate 92 of the enclosure member 90 can be placed.

[0210] Once a space is formed below the first ring P1 in which the lower liner plate 92 can be placed, worker M assembles the lower liner plate 92 of the enclosure member 90 to the support leg 32 of the drilling unit 4, as shown in Figure 17(b).

[0211] Thereafter, the drilling unit 4 excavates the hole bottom Hb to a drilling depth at which a space of one ring or more is formed between the first ring P1 and the lower liner plate 92 of the enclosing member 90.

[0212] Then, when a space of one or more rings is formed between the first ring P1 and the lower liner plate 92 of the enclosure member 90, worker M assembles the upper liner plate 91 above the lower liner plate 92 fixed to the support leg 32, as shown in Figure 17(c), to construct the enclosure member 90.

[0213] In this way, the enclosure member 90 is constructed inside the borehole H, and then, in the same manner as in Example 2 described above, the pile hole is constructed by repeatedly excavating the hole bottom Hb, assembling the nth ring Pn to the lowest ring PB, and backfilling work to the specified depth. [Explanation of symbols]

[0214] 1... Shaft construction equipment 30...Support mechanism section 31...Support frame 32...Support leg 32a...Outer leg 32b...Inner legs 33...Central support part 34...Support beam 40...Drilling mechanism section 41...Rotating part 42...First excavation section 43...Second excavation section 50...Enclosure member 71...Operation unit 76...Control unit 75...Sensor 90...Enclosure member 422...First arm 423...Second arm 424...Bucket 432...First arm 433...Second arm 434...breaker Hb…hole bottom Hw…hole wall P...Liner plate

Claims

1. A vertical shaft construction device that is arranged below an annular lining material constructed underground and is equipped with an excavation mechanism unit that excavates the bottom of a hole and a support mechanism unit that suspends and supports the excavation mechanism unit, and that extends the lining material in the height direction to construct a vertical shaft in the ground, The excavation mechanism unit includes: A plurality of drilling sections each having a drilling means at its tip for drilling the bottom of the hole are provided, The excavation means has a different configuration for each excavation section. Shaft construction equipment.

2. The excavation mechanism unit includes: two excavation units each including an arm pivoting about a pivot axis in a direction perpendicular to the height direction, and the excavation means provided at a tip of the arm; a rotating unit that is suspended and supported by the support mechanism and rotates the two excavation units integrally in a rotational direction with the height direction as a rotation axis, The two excavation sections are: The rotary shaft of the rotating part is sandwiched between the two rotary shafts, and the two rotary shafts are arranged in the perpendicular direction. A shaft construction device according to claim 1.

3. The two excavation sections are: The arms are configured to fold in opposite directions around the pivot axis. A shaft construction device according to claim 2.

4. The support mechanism includes: a support frame having a central support portion that supports the drilling mechanism portion and a plurality of support beams that extend from the central support portion toward the hole wall; a plurality of support legs extending from the support beam toward the bottom of the hole; The plurality of support legs are configured to be extendable and contractible in the height direction. A shaft construction device according to claim 1.

5. The support beam is The device is configured to be expandable and contractible toward the hole wall and to be able to be pressed against the hole wall. A shaft construction device according to claim 4.

6. The support leg is a leg outer fixed to the support beam; The leg outer is configured to be extendable and contractible with the leg inner, which can be inserted and removed from below. A shaft construction device according to claim 4.

7. A surrounding member is provided above the lower end of the outer leg portion, surrounding the plurality of support legs integrally along the hole wall. A shaft construction device according to claim 6.

8. The surrounding member is divided in the circumferential direction. A shaft construction device according to claim 7.

9. A remote control unit for remotely controlling the excavation mechanism unit is provided. A shaft construction device according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A control unit that controls at least the excavation mechanism unit; a detection unit that detects the status of the excavation location excavated by the excavation mechanism unit, The control unit The excavation mechanism is configured to control excavation based on the detection result of the detection unit. A shaft construction device according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

11. A method for constructing a vertical shaft in the ground, comprising: performing an excavation step of excavating the bottom of a hole with an excavation mechanism unit disposed below an annular lining material constructed underground and suspended and supported by a support mechanism unit; and extending the lining material in the height direction to construct a vertical shaft in the ground; In the excavation step, The excavation mechanism excavates the bottom of the hole using the excavation unit having the excavation means according to the condition of the bottom of the hole, among a plurality of excavation units having different excavation means provided at their tips. How to build a shaft.

12. The excavation mechanism unit includes an arm that pivots about a pivot axis in a direction perpendicular to the height direction, and a rotating unit that integrally rotates the two excavation units, each composed of the excavation means provided at the tip of the arm, in a rotation direction about a rotation axis in the height direction, and the rotating unit is supported by the support mechanism unit; In the drilling step, the rotating unit is rotated so that drilling can be performed by one of the two drilling units arranged side by side in the orthogonal direction across the rotation axis of the rotating unit, the drilling unit having the drilling means according to the condition of the hole bottom. A method for constructing a shaft according to claim 11.

13. The two excavation units are configured such that the folding directions of the arms around the pivot axis are opposite to each other. A method for constructing a shaft according to claim 12.

Images