Construction management device and construction management method for tunnel waterproofing sheet

Abstract

To increase the versatility of construction techniques for laying waterproof sheets with appropriate slack.SOLUTION: A tunnel waterproof sheet construction management device 1 comprises a load measuring device 2 having a detachable hemispherical head-shaped measuring probe 25 that can be pressed against a measurement point on a waterproof sheet 50 laid around an inner periphery of a tunnel, and measuring the maximum load until the waterproof sheet 50 against which the hemispherical head-shaped measuring probe 25 is pressed reaches sprayed concrete 102, an appropriateness determination unit 211 that compares the measured maximum load with a threshold value to determine whether the amount of sagging of the waterproof sheet 50 is appropriate, and an output unit 24 that outputs inappropriate information in response to the inappropriate determination of the amount of sagging of the waterproof sheet 50 by the appropriateness determination unit 211.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 6

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a tunnel waterproof sheet construction management device and tunnel waterproof sheet construction management method for managing construction to lay a waterproof sheet in a tunnel with appropriate slack. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, construction work in mountain tunnels involves laying a waterproof sheet between the sprayed concrete and the lining concrete. For example, a waterproof sheet 200 such as that shown in Fig. 9 is used for the waterproof sheet to be laid. The waterproof sheet 100 is formed by laminating a waterproof material 201 such as EVA resin and a buffer material 202 such as nonwoven fabric, and the waterproof material 201 and the buffer material 202 on its back side are integrated by spot-bonding at spot-bonded joints 203 provided at predetermined intervals. The waterproof sheet 200 is formed with a predetermined width corresponding to the length of the tunnel in the direction of excavation, and with a laying circumference corresponding to the length of the arc of the tunnel cross section.

[0003] The waterproof sheet 200 is laid so that the buffer material 202 faces the shotcrete 301 and roughly follows the inner periphery of the shotcrete 301, and the ends of the waterproof materials 201 of adjacent waterproof sheets 200 in the tunnel excavation direction are welded together and connected, and the sheets are laid side by side in the tunnel excavation direction. In the example of laying the waterproof sheet 200 in Figure 9, both ends of the buffer material 202 of the waterproof sheet 200 are aligned with the ends of the waterproof sheet 200 adjacent to this waterproof sheet 200 in the tunnel excavation and fixed in a point-like manner to the shotcrete 301 with nails 205, and intermediate fastening pieces 204 located on the backside of the buffer material 202 between both ends of the buffer material 202 of the waterproof sheet 200 are fixed in a point-like manner to the shotcrete 110 with nails 205.

[0004] Furthermore, at positions roughly corresponding to both ends of the buffer material 202 of the waterproof sheet 200, the ends of the waterproof materials 201 of the waterproof sheets 200 adjacent in the tunnel excavation direction are overlapped and welded together at welding parts 206. The welding parts 206 are provided in an arc shape over the perimeter of the laid waterproof sheet 200. Lining concrete is poured using a movable formwork on the inner periphery of the tunnel where the waterproof sheet 200 has been laid.

[0005] When laying the waterproof sheet 200 in a tunnel like this, it is important to lay the waterproof sheet 200 with an appropriate amount of slack. In other words, if the waterproof sheet 200 is not laid with an appropriate amount of slack, there is a high possibility that the waterproof sheet 200 will be pulled and damaged when the lining concrete is poured after the waterproof sheet 200 has been laid, and there is also a high possibility that a cavity will remain between the back surface of the waterproof sheet 200 and the inner surface of the sprayed concrete 301 due to the waterproof sheet 200 being pulled, which will result in excessive water pressure being applied to this cavity in the future, which will cause a leak.

[0006] Therefore, Patent Documents 1 and 2 propose an installation device that, in order to ensure an appropriate amount of slack in the waterproof sheet, provides an expansion body on the outside of a semi-arc-shaped outer frame that corresponds to the sprayed concrete of the tunnel, and lays the waterproof sheet by pressing it against the sprayed concrete using the expansion of the expansion body. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0007] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2019-190101 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2019-199688 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0008] However, the methods of laying waterproof sheets using the installation devices of Patent Documents 1 and 2 use a large-scale, dedicated installation device with an expansion body on the outside of a semi-arc-shaped outer frame, and lay the sheets using a dedicated installation procedure, so while this is suitable for laying long waterproof sheets at large-scale tunnel construction sites, it is difficult to lay a variety of waterproof sheets at a variety of tunnel construction sites, and there is a problem that it is not very versatile. Therefore, there is a need for an installation technology that is highly versatile in laying waterproof sheets with appropriate slack, and can be applied when laying a variety of waterproof sheets at a variety of tunnel construction sites.

[0009] The present invention has been proposed in consideration of the above-mentioned problems, and aims to provide a tunnel waterproof sheet construction management device and a tunnel waterproof sheet construction management method that can realize a highly versatile construction technique that can be applied when laying a variety of waterproof sheets at a variety of tunnel construction sites, when laying the waterproof sheet with an appropriate amount of slack. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] The tunnel waterproof sheet construction management device of the present invention is characterized by comprising a load measuring device having a detachable hemispherical head-shaped measuring probe that can be pressed against a measurement point of a waterproof sheet laid around the inner periphery of a tunnel, measuring the maximum load that the waterproof sheet against which the hemispherical head-shaped measuring probe is pressed reaches the sprayed concrete, an appropriateness judgment unit that compares the measured maximum load with a threshold value to judge whether the amount of sagging of the waterproof sheet is appropriate, and an output unit that outputs inappropriate information in response to the appropriateness judgment unit's judgment that the amount of sagging of the waterproof sheet is inappropriate. According to this method, determining the appropriate amount of slack in a waterproof sheet can be achieved simply by pressing a hemispherical head-shaped probe against the measurement point and measuring the maximum load until the waterproof sheet reaches the sprayed concrete. This allows the appropriate amount of slack in the installed waterproof sheet to be determined without using a large-scale, dedicated waterproof sheet installation device. Therefore, when laying a waterproof sheet with appropriate slack, a highly versatile construction technique can be realized that can be applied to laying a variety of waterproof sheets at a variety of tunnel construction sites. Furthermore, since it is possible to lay a waterproof sheet with appropriate slack at a variety of construction sites, it is possible to prevent damage to the waterproof sheet, water leakage caused by voids remaining between the waterproof sheet and the sprayed concrete, and insufficient pouring of the lining concrete due to the waterproof sheet being too tight. Furthermore, since the appropriate amount of slack in the waterproof sheet can be determined by pressing a hemispherical head-shaped probe against the measurement point on the waterproof sheet before pouring the lining concrete, the installation of the waterproof sheet can be easily corrected if the amount of slack is inappropriate. Furthermore, by using a hemispherical head as the probe for the load measuring device, damage to the waterproof sheet during load measurement can be prevented, and the load on the installed state of the waterproof sheet can be measured simply and accurately. Furthermore, by making the hemispherical head probe detachable, a variety of load meters can be used as the load measuring device, reducing the cost of the load measuring device used and the labor costs required to determine whether the installed state of the waterproof sheet is appropriate.

[0011] The tunnel waterproof sheet construction management device of the present invention is characterized in that the load measuring device measures the most recent maximum load until the most recent waterproof sheet, which is located immediately adjacent to the poured lining concrete and against which the hemispherical head-shaped measuring probe is pressed, reaches the sprayed concrete, the suitability judgment unit compares the measured most recent maximum load with a most recent threshold value to judge whether the amount of sagging of the most recent waterproof sheet is appropriate, and the output unit outputs inappropriate information in response to the suitability judgment unit's inappropriate judgment of the amount of sagging of the most recent waterproof sheet. This allows the appropriate amount of slack in the waterproof sheet to be determined in two ways: by comparing the maximum load with a threshold value, and by comparing the most recent maximum load with the most recent threshold value, making it possible to more reliably lay the waterproof sheet with an appropriate amount of slack.

[0012] The tunnel waterproof sheet construction management device of the present invention is characterized in that the threshold value is set to a value between 50N and 65N, and the immediate threshold value is set to a value between 120N and 130N. This allows the waterproof sheet to be laid more accurately with appropriate slack.

[0013] The tunnel waterproof sheet construction management device of the present invention is characterized in that the suitability determination unit and the output unit are provided in the load measuring device. With this, workers at the construction site can determine whether the amount of slack in the waterproof sheet is appropriate by simply pressing the load measuring device against the measurement point of the laid waterproof sheet.

[0014] The tunnel waterproof sheet construction management device of the present invention is characterized in that it is equipped with a judgment management device that can be connected to the load measuring device, the appropriateness judgment unit is provided in the judgment management device, and the output unit is provided in the load measuring device. This allows the assessment management device to centrally determine whether the amount of slack at each waterproof sheet measurement point is appropriate or inappropriate. It also makes it possible to centrally record appropriate information on the amount of slack at each waterproof sheet measurement point in the assessment management device. Furthermore, by simply pressing a load measuring device against the measurement point on the installed waterproof sheet, a worker at the construction site can determine whether the amount of slack in the waterproof sheet is appropriate.

[0015] The construction management method for tunnel waterproofing sheets of the present invention comprises a first step of using a load measuring device having a detachable hemispherical head-shaped measuring probe that can be pressed against a measurement point on a waterproofing sheet laid on the inner periphery of a tunnel, pressing the hemispherical head-shaped measuring probe against a measurement point on a waterproofing sheet laid on the inner periphery of sprayed concrete, and measuring the maximum load until the waterproofing sheet reaches the sprayed concrete, and a second step of comparing the measured maximum load with a threshold value to determine whether the amount of sagging of the waterproofing sheet is appropriate, and is characterized in that the first and second steps are repeatedly performed for multiple measurement points on the waterproofing sheet. According to this method, determining the appropriate amount of slack in a waterproof sheet can be achieved simply by pressing a hemispherical head-shaped probe against the measurement point and measuring the maximum load until the waterproof sheet reaches the sprayed concrete. This allows the appropriate amount of slack in the installed waterproof sheet to be determined without using a large-scale, dedicated waterproof sheet installation device. Therefore, when laying a waterproof sheet with appropriate slack, a highly versatile construction technique can be realized that can be applied to laying a variety of waterproof sheets at a variety of tunnel construction sites. Furthermore, since it is possible to lay a waterproof sheet with appropriate slack at a variety of construction sites, it is possible to prevent damage to the waterproof sheet, water leakage caused by voids remaining between the waterproof sheet and the sprayed concrete, and insufficient pouring of the lining concrete due to the waterproof sheet being too tight. Furthermore, since the appropriate amount of slack in the waterproof sheet can be determined by pressing a hemispherical head-shaped probe against the measurement point on the waterproof sheet before pouring the lining concrete, the installation of the waterproof sheet can be easily corrected if the amount of slack is inappropriate. Furthermore, by using a hemispherical head as the probe for the load measuring device, damage to the waterproof sheet during load measurement can be prevented, and the load on the installed state of the waterproof sheet can be measured simply and accurately. Furthermore, by making the hemispherical head probe detachable, a variety of load meters can be used as the load measuring device, reducing the cost of the load measuring device used and the labor costs required to determine whether the installed state of the waterproof sheet is appropriate.

[0016] The construction management method for tunnel waterproofing sheets of the present invention comprises a third step of pressing the hemispherical head-shaped measuring probe against a measurement point on the nearest waterproofing sheet, which is located immediately adjacent to the poured lining concrete and laid on the inner side of the sprayed concrete, and measuring the nearest maximum load until the nearest waterproofing sheet reaches the sprayed concrete, and a fourth step of comparing the measured nearest maximum load with a nearest threshold value to determine whether the amount of sagging of the nearest waterproofing sheet is appropriate, and is characterized in that the third step and the fourth step are repeatedly performed for multiple measurement points on the nearest waterproofing sheet. This allows the appropriate amount of slack in the waterproof sheet to be determined in two ways: by comparing the maximum load with a threshold value, and by comparing the most recent maximum load with the most recent threshold value, making it possible to more reliably lay the waterproof sheet with an appropriate amount of slack. [Effects of the Invention]

[0017] According to the present invention, when laying a waterproof sheet with appropriate slack, a highly versatile construction technique can be realized that can be applied when laying a variety of waterproof sheets at a variety of tunnel construction sites. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0018] [Figure 1] 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a tunnel waterproof sheet construction management device according to a first embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 2] 1A is a perspective view of a load measuring device in a tunnel waterproof sheet construction management device of the first embodiment, and FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional explanatory view illustrating the attachment and detachment of a hemispherical head-shaped measuring element of the load measuring device of FIG. 1A. [Figure 3] FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of measurement points on a waterproof sheet laid around the inside of a tunnel. [Figure 4] An explanatory diagram showing the measurement points of a waterproof sheet laid ahead in the direction of tunnel excavation and the measurement points of another waterproof sheet laid immediately adjacent to the lining concrete. [Figure 5](a) is a partial cross-sectional view showing an example of a waterproof sheet laid with slack, and (b) is a partial cross-sectional view showing the waterproof sheet in (a) pressed against the sprayed concrete by the covering concrete. [Figure 6] 4 is a flowchart showing a construction management process performed by the tunnel waterproof sheet construction management device of the first embodiment. [Figure 7] FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a tunnel waterproof sheet construction management device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 8] 10 is a flowchart showing a construction management process performed by the tunnel waterproof sheet construction management device of the second embodiment. [Figure 9] (a) is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a conventional waterproof sheet, and (b) is a cross-sectional view showing an example of connecting conventional waterproof sheets. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0019] [Construction management device for tunnel waterproof sheet according to the first embodiment] The tunnel waterproof sheet construction management device 1 of the first embodiment according to the present invention is composed of a load measuring device 2 with a built-in microcomputer, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, and the load measuring device 2 has a control unit 21 such as a CPU, a memory unit 22 such as a ROM or RAM, an input unit 23 such as an input button, an output unit 24 such as a display, and a detachable hemispherical head-shaped measuring probe 25.

[0020] The memory unit 22 has a control program storage unit 221 in which predetermined control programs including an appropriateness judgment program for judging whether the amount of sagging of the waterproof sheet 50 described below is appropriate and a load measurement program are stored, and the control unit 21 executes predetermined processing in accordance with the predetermined control program and performs predetermined processing as the appropriateness judgment unit 211 in cooperation with the appropriateness judgment program.

[0021] Furthermore, the memory unit 22 has a threshold value storage unit 222 that stores threshold values ​​to be compared when determining whether the amount of slack in the waterproof sheet 50 is appropriate in normal mode, and a nearest threshold value storage unit 223 that stores nearest threshold values ​​to be compared when determining whether the amount of slack in the nearest waterproof sheet 50r is appropriate in nearest mode, which means that the laid waterproof sheet 50 is located nearest the poured lining concrete 103. The threshold value in the threshold value storage unit 222 can be set to, for example, a number between 50N and 100N, preferably a number between 50N and 65N, and more preferably 65N. The nearest threshold value in the nearest threshold value storage unit 223 can be set to, for example, a number between 120N and 130N, and more preferably 130N.

[0022] The hemispherical-headed measurement probe 25 is composed of a detachable hemispherical-headed tip attachment, and is detachably attached to the load measurement pressing portion 251 of the load measuring instrument 2 via a connector 252. In the example of Fig. 2(b), the load measurement pressing portion 251 is an externally threaded portion, and the connector 252 is a connecting sleeve with an external thread formed on the outer periphery and an internal thread formed on the inner periphery. The internal thread of the connector 252 is threadedly fitted to the externally threaded portion of the load measurement pressing portion 251, and the external thread of the connector 252 is threadedly fitted to the internal thread formed on the inside of the hemispherical-headed measurement probe 25, thereby detachably attaching the hemispherical-headed measurement probe 25 to the load measurement pressing portion 251 of the load measuring instrument 2.

[0023] When performing construction management processing for laying a waterproof sheet 50 using the tunnel waterproof sheet construction management device 1 or load measuring device 2 of the first embodiment, the waterproof sheet 50 is laid so that there is an appropriate amount of slack around the inner periphery of the sprayed concrete 102 sprayed onto the inner periphery of the tunnel wall 101 of the natural ground 100, as shown in Figures 3 to 5.

[0024] The waterproof sheet 50 is formed by laminating a waterproof material 51 such as EVA resin and a cushioning material 52 such as nonwoven fabric, and the waterproof material 51 and the cushioning material 52 on its back side are integrated by being dot-bonded at positions spaced apart by a predetermined distance, and is formed with a predetermined width corresponding to the length of the tunnel excavation direction and a laying circumference corresponding to the length of the arc of the tunnel cross section.

[0025] The waterproof sheet 50 is laid in the same manner as before, with the buffer material 52 facing the shotcrete 102 and laid so as to roughly follow the inner periphery of the shotcrete 102, and both ends of the buffer material 52 are fixed at certain points to the shotcrete 102 with nails 53. In the tunnel excavation direction indicated by the arrow in Figure 4, the ends of the waterproof materials 51 of adjacent waterproof sheets 50 are welded and connected, and the waterproof sheets 50 are laid side by side in the tunnel excavation direction. Furthermore, lining concrete 103 is poured using a movable formwork 104 on the inner periphery of the waterproof sheet 50, which has been laid with an appropriate amount of slack.

[0026] After the waterproof sheet 50 has been laid around the inner periphery of the tunnel, the control unit 21 of the load measuring device 2 is set to normal mode by input from the input unit 23, and the hemispherical head-shaped measuring probe 25 of the load measuring device 2 is pressed against the measurement point on the waterproof sheet 50 (see S101 in Fig. 6). In the example of Fig. 3, a total of five measurement points are set: measurement point P1 at the top, two measurement points P2 and P3 on the left and right that correspond to the shoulders of the cross section of the tunnel space, measurement point P4 located below and spaced apart from measurement point P2, and measurement point P5 located below and spaced apart from measurement point P3, and the same process is carried out for each measurement point.

[0027] In response to the pressing of the hemispherical-headed probe 25 against the measurement point, the load measuring device 2 or the control unit 21 measures the maximum load until the waterproof sheet 50 against which the hemispherical-headed probe 25 is pressed reaches the shotcrete 102 (see S102 in FIG. 6). Furthermore, the appropriateness determination unit 211 of the load measuring device 2 compares the measured maximum load with the threshold value stored in the threshold value storage unit 222 to determine whether the amount of slack in the waterproof sheet 50 at the measurement point being measured is appropriate (see S103 in FIG. 6). For example, if 65 N is set as the threshold value, the appropriateness determination unit 211 determines that the amount of slack in the waterproof sheet 50 is appropriate when the measured maximum load is equal to or less than 65 N, and determines that the amount of slack in the waterproof sheet 50 is inappropriate when the measured maximum load is greater than 65 N or equal to or greater than 65 N.

[0028] The control unit 21 of the load measuring instrument 2 outputs, at the output unit 24, appropriate information indicating that the amount of slack in the waterproof sheet 50 at the measurement point of the measurement object is appropriate, in response to the appropriateness determination unit 211's appropriateness determination of the amount of slack in the waterproof sheet 50 (see S104 in FIG. 6). Furthermore, the control unit 21 of the load measuring instrument 2 outputs, at the output unit 24, inappropriate information indicating that the amount of slack in the waterproof sheet 50 at the measurement point of the measurement object is inappropriate, in response to the inappropriateness determination unit 211's inappropriateness determination of the amount of slack in the waterproof sheet 50. When inappropriate information regarding the amount of slack in the waterproof sheet 50 is output, work is performed to adjust the amount of slack in the waterproof sheet 50 (see S105 in FIG. 6).

[0029] Furthermore, as shown in Fig. 4, when the waterproof sheet 50, for which appropriate information on the amount of slack has been output at each measurement point in normal mode, has had the lining concrete 103 poured up to its nearest position and has become the nearest waterproof sheet 50r, the control unit 21 of the load measuring device 2 is set to nearest mode by input from the input unit 23, and the hemispherical head-shaped measuring probe 25 of the load measuring device 2 is pressed against the measurement point of the waterproof sheet 50 (see S106 in Fig. 6). In response to the pressing of the hemispherical head-shaped measuring probe 25 against the measurement point, the load measuring device 2 or the control unit 21 measures the nearest maximum load until the nearest waterproof sheet 50r, which is located nearest to the poured lining concrete 103 and against which the hemispherical head-shaped measuring probe 25 is pressed, reaches the sprayed concrete 102 (see S107 in Fig. 6).

[0030] The suitability determination unit 211 of the load measuring device 2 compares the measured most recent maximum load with the most recent threshold value stored in the most recent threshold value storage unit 223 to determine whether the amount of slack in the most recent waterproof sheet 50r at the measurement point of the measurement target is appropriate (see S108 in FIG. 6). For example, if the most recent threshold value is set to 130N, the suitability determination unit 211 determines that the amount of slack in the most recent waterproof sheet 50r is appropriate when the measured most recent maximum load is equal to or less than 130N, and determines that the amount of slack in the most recent waterproof sheet 50r is inappropriate when the measured most recent maximum load is greater than 130N or equal to or greater than 130N.

[0031] The control unit 21 of the load measuring instrument 2 outputs, via the output unit 24, appropriateness information indicating that the amount of slack of the nearest waterproof sheet 50r at the measurement point of the measurement target is appropriate, in response to the appropriateness determination unit 211's appropriateness determination of the amount of slack of the nearest waterproof sheet 50r (see S109 in FIG. 6). Furthermore, the control unit 21 of the load measuring instrument 2 outputs, via the output unit 24, inappropriateness information indicating that the amount of slack of the nearest waterproof sheet 50r at the measurement point of the measurement target is inappropriate, in response to the inappropriateness determination unit 211's inappropriateness determination of the amount of slack of the nearest waterproof sheet 50r. When inappropriateness information regarding the amount of slack of the nearest waterproof sheet 50r is output, work is performed to adjust the amount of slack of the nearest waterproof sheet 50r (see S110 in FIG. 6). The processes of S101 to S110 are repeatedly performed for each of the measurement points P1 to P5 of each laid waterproof sheet 50.

[0032] In other words, in the construction management method of this example, in the normal mode of the tunnel waterproof sheet construction management device 1 or load measuring device 2, appropriate information is obtained indicating that the amount of sagging is appropriate at all measurement points P1 to P5, and in the most recent mode, the waterproof sheet 50 for which appropriate information is obtained indicating that the amount of sagging is appropriate at all measurement points P1 to P5 is determined to be the waterproof sheet 50 that was laid with the final appropriate amount of sagging.

[0033] Furthermore, it is also possible to use the tunnel waterproof sheet construction management device 1 or the load measuring device 2 to process only S101 to S105 on the laid waterproof sheet 50 in normal mode or a mode equivalent to the normal mode, and to make a final judgment that the waterproof sheet 50 has been laid with the appropriate amount of slack once appropriate information is obtained that the amount of slack in the waterproof sheet 50 is appropriate at all measurement points P1 to p5.It is also possible to use the tunnel waterproof sheet construction management device 1 or the load measuring device 2 to process only S106 to S110 on the laid most recent waterproof sheet 50r in most recent mode or a mode equivalent to the most recent mode, and to make a final judgment that the waterproof sheet 50 has been laid with the appropriate amount of slack once appropriate information is obtained that the amount of slack in the most recent waterproof sheet 50r is appropriate at all measurement points P1 to p5.

[0034] According to the first embodiment, determining the appropriate amount of slack in the waterproof sheet 50 is achieved simply by pressing the hemispherical head-shaped probe 25 against the measurement point and measuring the maximum load until the waterproof sheet 50 reaches the sprayed concrete 102. This allows the appropriate amount of slack in the installed waterproof sheet 50 to be determined without using a large-scale, dedicated waterproof sheet installation device. Therefore, when installing a waterproof sheet with appropriate slack, a highly versatile installation technique can be realized that can be applied to installing a variety of waterproof sheets at a variety of tunnel construction sites. Furthermore, because it is possible to install a waterproof sheet with appropriate slack at a variety of construction sites, it is possible to prevent damage to the waterproof sheet, water leakage caused by voids remaining between the waterproof sheet and the sprayed concrete, and insufficient pouring of the lining concrete due to excessive waterproof sheet tension at a variety of tunnel construction sites.

[0035] Furthermore, since the appropriateness of the amount of slack in the waterproof sheet 50 can be determined by pressing the hemispherical head-shaped probe 25 against the measurement point on the waterproof sheet 50 before the lining concrete is poured, the installation state of the waterproof sheet 50 can be easily adjusted if the amount of slack in the waterproof sheet 50 is inappropriate. Furthermore, by using the hemispherical head-shaped probe 25 as the probe of the load measuring device 2, damage to the waterproof sheet 50 during load measurement can be prevented, and load measurements can be performed easily and accurately for the installation state of the waterproof sheet 50. Furthermore, by making the hemispherical head-shaped probe 25 detachable, a variety of load meters can be used as the load measuring device 2, which reduces the cost of the load measuring device 2 used and reduces the labor costs required to determine the appropriateness of the installation state of the waterproof sheet 50.

[0036] In addition, by double-judging whether the amount of slack in the waterproof sheet 50 is appropriate, by comparing the maximum load with a threshold value and by comparing the most recent maximum load with the most recent threshold value, it is possible to more reliably lay the waterproof sheet 50 with an appropriate amount of slack.

[0037] Furthermore, by providing the suitability judgment unit 211 and the output unit 24 in the load measuring device 2, the worker at the construction site can simply press the load measuring device 2 against the measurement point of the laid waterproof sheet 50, and can determine whether the amount of slack in the waterproof sheet 50 is appropriate.

[0038] [Second embodiment of tunnel waterproof sheet construction management device] As shown in Figure 7, a tunnel waterproof sheet construction management device 1a according to a second embodiment of the present invention includes a load measuring device 2a with a built-in microcomputer and a judgment management device 3a that can be connected to and communicate with the load measuring device 2a. The load measuring device 2a is composed of a built-in control unit such as a CPU, a built-in memory unit such as ROM or RAM that stores predetermined control programs including a communication control program, an input unit 23a such as input buttons, an output unit 24a such as a display, a detachable hemispherical head-shaped measuring probe 25a, and a communication unit 26a that connects via wireless communication with the judgment management device 3a. The hemispherical head-shaped measuring probe 25a and its detachable structure are the same as the hemispherical head-shaped measuring probe 25 and its detachable structure in the first embodiment.

[0039] The judgment management device 3a is composed of, for example, a server, personal computer, or mobile terminal, and has a control unit 31a such as an MPU or CPU, a memory unit 32a composed of an HDD, SSD, flash memory, EEPROM, ROM, RAM, etc., an input unit 33a such as a mouse, keyboard, or touch panel, an output unit 34a such as a display, and a communication unit 35a such as a wireless communication interface.

[0040] The memory unit 32a has a control program storage unit 321a in which predetermined control programs are stored, including an appropriateness judgment program for judging whether the amount of sagging of the waterproof sheet 50 is appropriate and a communication control program for controlling communication with the load measuring device 2a, and the control unit 31a executes predetermined processing in accordance with the predetermined control program and works in cooperation with the appropriateness judgment program to execute predetermined processing as the appropriateness judgment unit 311a.

[0041] The memory unit 32a has a threshold storage unit 322a that stores thresholds to be compared when determining whether the amount of slack in the waterproof sheet 50 is appropriate in normal mode, and a nearest threshold storage unit 323a that stores nearest thresholds to be compared when determining whether the amount of slack in the nearest waterproof sheet 50r is appropriate in nearest mode, which means that the laid waterproof sheet 50 is located nearest the poured lining concrete 103 (see FIGS. 3 to 5). As in the first embodiment, the threshold value in the threshold storage unit 322a can be set to, for example, a value between 50N and 100N, preferably a value between 50N and 65N, and more preferably 65N. As in the first embodiment, the nearest threshold value in the nearest threshold storage unit 323a can be set to, for example, a value between 120N and 130N, and more preferably 130N.

[0042] Furthermore, the memory unit 32a has a waterproof sheet installation state recording unit 324a. For example, when the amount of slack at measurement points P1 to P5 of any laid waterproof sheet 50 becomes appropriate, and when the amount of slack at measurement points P1 to P5 of this waterproof sheet 50 becomes appropriate when the lining concrete 103 is poured up to the most recent point and the waterproof sheet 50 becomes the most recent waterproof sheet 50r, information that the installation state of the waterproof sheet 50 is appropriate is recorded in the waterproof sheet installation state recording unit 324a in correspondence with the identification information of the waterproof sheet 50.

[0043] When using the tunnel waterproof sheet construction management device 1a of the second embodiment to perform construction management processing for laying a waterproof sheet 50 similar to that of the first embodiment, the waterproof sheet 50 is laid with an appropriate amount of slack, as in the first embodiment, and the waterproof sheets 50 are laid side by side in the direction of tunnel excavation (see Figures 3 to 5).

[0044] After the waterproof sheet 50 is laid around the inner periphery of the tunnel, the control unit 31a of the judgment management device 3a is set to normal mode by input from the input unit 33a or transmission input from the load measuring device 2a, and the hemispherical head-shaped measuring probe 25a of the load measuring device 2a is pressed against the measurement point on the waterproof sheet 50 (see S201 in Figure 8). As in the first embodiment, the same process is performed for each measurement point (see Figure 3).

[0045] In response to the pressing of the hemispherical head-shaped measuring probe 25a against the measurement point, the load measuring device 2a or its control unit measures the maximum load until the waterproof sheet 50 against which the hemispherical head-shaped measuring probe 25a is pressed reaches the sprayed concrete 102, and transmits the measured maximum load to the judgment management device 3a (see S202 in Figure 8).

[0046] The appropriateness determination unit 311a of the determination management device 3a compares the received maximum load with the threshold value stored in the threshold value storage unit 322a to determine whether the amount of slack in the waterproof sheet 50 at the measurement point of the measurement target is appropriate (see S203 in FIG. 8). For example, if 65 N is set as the threshold value, the appropriateness determination unit 311a determines that the amount of slack in the waterproof sheet 50 is appropriate when the measured maximum load is equal to or less than 65 N, and determines that the amount of slack in the waterproof sheet 50 is inappropriate when the measured maximum load is greater than 65 N or equal to or greater than 65 N.

[0047] The control unit 31a of the judgment management device 3a, in response to the judgment of the appropriateness of the amount of slack in the waterproof sheet 50 by the appropriateness judgment unit 311a, sends appropriateness information to the load measuring instrument 2a indicating that the amount of slack in the waterproof sheet 50 at the measurement point of the measurement target is appropriate, and causes the output unit 24a of the load measuring instrument 2a to output the appropriateness information (see S204 in FIG. 8). Furthermore, in response to the judgment of the inappropriateness of the amount of slack in the waterproof sheet 50 by the appropriateness judgment unit 311a, the control unit 31a of the judgment management device 3a sends inappropriateness information to the load measuring instrument 2a indicating that the amount of slack in the waterproof sheet 50 at the measurement point of the measurement target is inappropriate, and causes the output unit 24a of the load measuring instrument 2a to output the inappropriateness information. When the inappropriateness information about the amount of slack in the waterproof sheet 50 is output, work is performed to adjust the amount of slack in the waterproof sheet 50 (see S205 in FIG. 8).

[0048] Furthermore, when the waterproof sheet 50, for which appropriate information on the amount of sagging at each measurement point has been output in normal mode, has had the covering concrete 103 poured up to the most recent point and becomes the most recent waterproof sheet 50r, the control unit 31a of the judgment management device 3a is set to the most recent mode by input from the input unit 33a or transmitted input from the load measuring device 2a, and the hemispherical head-shaped measuring probe 25a of the load measuring device 2a is pressed against the measurement point of the waterproof sheet 50 (see S206 in Figure 8).

[0049] In response to the pressing of the hemispherical head-shaped measuring probe 25a against the measurement point, the load measuring device 2a or its control unit measures the most recent maximum load until the nearest waterproof sheet 50r, which is located immediately adjacent to the poured covering concrete 103 and against which the hemispherical head-shaped measuring probe 25a is pressed, reaches the sprayed concrete 102, and transmits the measured most recent maximum load to the judgment management device 3a (see S207 in Figure 8).

[0050] The appropriateness determination unit 311a of the determination management device 3a compares the received most recent maximum load with the most recent threshold value stored in the most recent threshold value storage unit 323a to determine whether the amount of slack in the most recent waterproof sheet 50r at the measurement point of the measurement target is appropriate (see S208 in FIG. 8). For example, if the most recent threshold value is set to 130N, the appropriateness determination unit 311a determines that the amount of slack in the most recent waterproof sheet 50r is appropriate when the measured most recent maximum load is equal to or less than 130N, and determines that the amount of slack in the most recent waterproof sheet 50r is inappropriate when the measured most recent maximum load is greater than 130N or equal to or greater than 130N.

[0051] In response to the appropriateness determination of the slack amount of the nearest waterproof sheet 50r by the appropriateness determination unit 311a, the control unit 31a of the determination management device 3a transmits appropriateness information to the load measuring device 2a indicating that the slack amount of the nearest waterproof sheet 50r at the measurement point of the measurement target is appropriate, and causes the output unit 24a of the load measuring device 2a to output the appropriateness information (see S209 in FIG. 8). Furthermore, in response to the inappropriateness determination of the slack amount of the nearest waterproof sheet 50r by the appropriateness determination unit 311a, the control unit 31a of the determination management device 3a transmits inappropriateness information to the load measuring device 2a indicating that the slack amount of the nearest waterproof sheet 50r at the measurement point of the measurement target is inappropriate, and causes the output unit 24a of the load measuring device 2a to output the inappropriateness information. When the inappropriateness information about the slack amount of the nearest waterproof sheet 50r is output, the slack amount of the nearest waterproof sheet 50r is adjusted (see S210 in FIG. 8). The processing of S201 to S210 is repeatedly performed for each of the measurement points P1 to P5 of each of the laid waterproof sheets 50.

[0052] In other words, in the construction management method of this example, in the normal mode of the judgment management device 3a of the tunnel waterproof sheet construction management device 1a, appropriate information is obtained to the effect that the amount of slack is appropriate at all measurement points P1 to p5, and in the most recent mode, the waterproof sheet 50 for which appropriate information is obtained to the effect that the amount of slack is appropriate at all measurement points P1 to p5 is judged to be the waterproof sheet 50 that was laid with the final appropriate amount of slack.

[0053] It is also possible for the tunnel waterproof sheet construction management device 1a or the judgment management device 3a to process only S201 to S205 on the laid waterproof sheet 50 in normal mode or a mode equivalent to the normal mode, and to make a final judgment that the waterproof sheet 50 has been laid with the appropriate amount of slack once appropriate information is obtained that the amount of slack in the waterproof sheet 50 is appropriate at all measurement points P1 to P5.It is also possible for the tunnel waterproof sheet construction management device 1 or the judgment management device 3a to process only S206 to S210 on the laid most recent waterproof sheet 50r in most recent mode or a mode equivalent to the most recent mode, and to make a final judgment that the waterproof sheet 50 has been laid with the appropriate amount of slack once appropriate information is obtained that the amount of slack in the most recent waterproof sheet 50r is appropriate at all measurement points P1 to P5.

[0054] According to the second embodiment, the judgment management device 3a can centrally judge whether the amount of slack at the measurement points of each waterproof sheet 50 is appropriate or inappropriate. In addition, the judgment management device 3a can also centrally record information on the amount of slack at the measurement points of each waterproof sheet 50. In addition, the second embodiment can obtain corresponding effects from a configuration corresponding to the first embodiment.

[0055] [Scope of the invention disclosed herein] The inventions disclosed in this specification include, in addition to the individual inventions and embodiments listed as inventions, those specified by modifying partial contents of these with other contents disclosed in this specification, those specified by adding other contents disclosed in this specification to these contents, or those specified by deleting partial contents of these to the extent that partial effects can be obtained and creating a generic concept. The inventions disclosed in this specification also include the following contents and modifications.

[0056] For example, in the above embodiment, a total of five measurement points are used, but the number and positions of the measurement points can be appropriately determined as needed, and for example, a total of three measurement points may be used: measurement point P1, measurement points P2, and measurement points P3. Although it is preferable to use multiple measurement points, it is also possible to use only one, such as measurement point P1 located at the top.

[0057] In addition, in the above embodiment, the load measuring device 2 or the judgment management device 3a is configured to perform a process of comparing the measured maximum load with a threshold value to determine whether the amount of slack in the waterproof sheet 50 is appropriate, but it is also possible, for example, to output the threshold value and maximum load stored in the load measuring device 2 or the judgment management device 3a to the output unit 24, 34a, and have an operator manually compare the maximum load with the threshold value to determine whether the amount of slack in the waterproof sheet 50 is appropriate.

[0058] Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the load measuring device 2 or the judgment management device 3a is configured to execute a process of comparing the measured most recent maximum load with a most recent threshold value to determine whether the amount of slack in the most recent waterproof sheet 50r is appropriate, but it is also possible, for example, to output the most recent threshold value and most recent maximum load stored in the load measuring device 2 or the judgment management device 3a to the output unit 24, 34a, and have an operator manually compare the most recent maximum load with the most recent threshold value to determine whether the amount of slack in the waterproof sheet 50 is appropriate. Both the process in which an operator manually compares the maximum load with a threshold value to determine whether the amount of slack in the waterproof sheet 50 is appropriate and the process in which an operator manually compares the most recent maximum load with the most recent threshold value to determine whether the amount of slack in the waterproof sheet 50 is appropriate may be performed, or either one may be performed. [Industrial Applicability]

[0059] The present invention can be used when laying a waterproof sheet with appropriate slack inside the sprayed concrete of a tunnel. [Explanation of symbols]

[0060] 1, 1a... Tunnel waterproof sheet construction management device 2, 2a... Load measuring device 21... Control unit 211... Adequacy judgment unit 22... Memory unit 221... Control program storage unit 222... Threshold value storage unit 223... Proximate threshold value storage unit 23, 23a... Input unit 24, 24a... Output unit 25, 25a... Hemispherical head-shaped measuring probe 251... Load measurement pressing unit 252... Connector 26a... Communication unit 3a... Judgment management device 31a... Control unit 311a... Adequacy judgment unit 32a... Memory unit 321a... Control program storage unit 322a... Threshold value storage unit 323a... Proximate threshold value storage unit 324a... Waterproof sheet laying status recording unit 33a... Input unit 34a... Output unit 35a... Communication unit 50... Waterproof sheet 50r... Proximate waterproof sheet 51... Waterproof material 52...Buffer material 53...Nail 100...Natural ground 101...Tunnel wall 102...Sprayed concrete 103...Lining concrete 104...Mobile formwork 200...Waterproof sheet 201...Waterproof material 202...Buffer material 203...Point-like adhesive part 204...Intermediate stop piece 205...Nail 206...Welded part 301...Sprayed concrete P1 to P5...Measurement points

Claims

1. a load measuring device having a detachable hemispherical head-shaped measuring probe that is pressed against a measurement point on a waterproof sheet laid on the inner periphery of a tunnel, and that measures the maximum load that the waterproof sheet against which the hemispherical head-shaped measuring probe is pressed reaches until it reaches the sprayed concrete; an appropriateness determination unit that compares the measured maximum load with a threshold value to determine whether the amount of slack in the waterproof sheet is appropriate; A tunnel waterproof sheet construction management device characterized by having an output unit that outputs inappropriate information in response to the inappropriate judgment of the amount of slack of the waterproof sheet by the appropriateness judgment unit.

2. The load measuring device is positioned immediately adjacent to the poured lining concrete and measures the most recent maximum load until the nearest waterproof sheet against which the hemispherical head-shaped measuring probe is pressed reaches the sprayed concrete, The appropriateness determination unit compares the measured most recent maximum load with a most recent threshold value to determine whether the amount of slack in the most recent waterproof sheet is appropriate, A tunnel waterproof sheet construction management device as described in claim 1, characterized in that the output unit outputs inappropriate information in response to the inappropriate judgment of the amount of slack of the nearest waterproof sheet by the appropriateness judgment unit.

3. A tunnel waterproofing sheet construction management device as described in claim 2, characterized in that the threshold value is set to a value between 50N and 65N, and the most recent threshold value is set to a value between 120N and 130N.

4. A tunnel waterproof sheet construction management device as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the suitability determination unit and the output unit are provided in the load measuring device.

5. a judgment management device that can be connected to the load measuring device, A tunnel waterproof sheet construction management device as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the appropriateness judgment unit is provided in a judgment management device and the output unit is provided in a load measuring instrument.

6. a first step in which a load measuring device having a detachable hemispherical head-shaped probe that can be pressed against a measurement point on a waterproof sheet laid on the inner periphery of a tunnel is used to press the hemispherical head-shaped probe against a measurement point on a waterproof sheet laid on the inner periphery of the sprayed concrete, and the maximum load until the waterproof sheet reaches the sprayed concrete is measured; and a second step of comparing the measured maximum load with a threshold value to determine whether the amount of slack in the waterproof sheet is appropriate. A construction management method for tunnel waterproofing sheets, characterized in that the first and second steps are repeated for multiple measurement points on the waterproofing sheet.

7. a third step of pressing the hemispherical head-shaped probe against a measurement point on a nearest waterproof sheet that is located nearest the poured lining concrete and laid on the inner periphery of the sprayed concrete, and measuring the nearest maximum load until the nearest waterproof sheet reaches the sprayed concrete; and a fourth step of comparing the measured most recent maximum load with a most recent threshold value to determine whether the amount of slack in the most recent waterproof sheet is appropriate. The construction management method for tunnel waterproofing sheets according to claim 6, characterized in that the third and fourth steps are repeatedly performed for a plurality of measurement points on the nearest waterproofing sheet.

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