Combination seal piece, positive displacement machine and wide-fuel engine

Abstract

A combination seal segment and a positive displacement machine and a wide fuel engine employing the combination seal segment are provided. [Solution] The combined seal piece comprises a slider with a main seal piece attached, and the combined seal piece further comprises at least one secondary seal piece, the first secondary seal piece having its back attached to the main seal piece or leaning against the main seal piece and the slider simultaneously, and an elastic material is provided between the first secondary seal piece and the main seal piece or the slider.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] This application claims priority to a Chinese patent application bearing application number 202210225328.8, filed with the China Patent Office on March 9, 2022, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] The present application relates to the field of positive displacement machines for compression and expansion of a working medium, for example, the present application relates to a combined seal strip, a positive displacement machine and a wide fuel engine. [Background technology]

[0003] After more than 140 years of improvement, the crank piston type internal combustion engine has become more and more sophisticated in manufacturing, more and more complicated in structure, and its thermal efficiency is approaching its limit, and it is difficult to make any further satisfactory breakthrough. In recent years, with the successive promulgation of increasingly strict emission standards, people have shifted the focus of research and development from internal combustion engines to exhaust aftertreatment, which will inevitably lead to an increase in manufacturing costs and operating costs, and more losses than gains.

[0004] In order to overcome the limitations of the crank piston type internal combustion engine, people have come up with the method of staged circulation, that is, taking in, compressing, burning, expanding and exhausting in different volume spaces in stages. The purpose of doing so is to:

[0005] First, fuel is burned in a specific combustion chamber and the combustion time is significantly extended, so that carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon compounds (HC), particulate matter, etc., which are generated in a piston-crank internal combustion engine and cannot be completely burned, are not produced at all, or only small amounts are produced, and there is an opportunity to burn them in the combustion chamber, which has obvious environmental advantages.

[0006] Next, after the fuel is sufficiently combusted, the amount of heat obtained is high, and the volume of the work side tends to be larger than the volume of the compression side, which corresponds to the Atkinson cycle and contributes to obtaining higher thermal efficiency.

[0007] Gas turbines belong to the Brayton cycle and can be considered as a type of staged circulation system, which can only operate under propeller operation or power generation operation, and the manufacturing costs are too high, so it is not applied in many cases. Other than gas turbines, staged circulation systems have not yet been successfully applied commercially. This is because, firstly, the compression side has too low efficiency at high pressure, and secondly, the expansion side has technical problems such as loosening of seals at high pressure.

[0008] From the viewpoint of the principle of internal combustion engines, the stage circulation method requires that the maximum pressure of the working medium in each cycle should not be too low, but should be as high as possible, which is directly related to the thermal efficiency. The single-stage working pressure of various positive displacement compressors is generally below 0.7 MPa, but when used as a high-efficiency internal combustion engine, it must be at least 3 MPa.

[0009] Simply increasing the maximum pressure of the working medium can be achieved by connecting compressors in series in multiple stages. Crank piston compressors have multiple piston rings that seal, providing excellent sealing effect, making them ideal for use in multiple-stage series connection, but they have a drawback in that they have a large clearance volume, and two to three stages must be connected in series to reach a pressure of 3 MPa. As long as multiple stages are connected in series, friction loss increases, the overall efficiency is not ideal, and the volume, weight and manufacturing costs are excessive, reducing practicality.

[0010] In industrial rotary compressors, such as screw and scroll types, complete contact between the parts that make up the closed volume is impossible, and in some cases liquids such as water are used to assist the seal, so the sealing effect is limited, and the means of improvement is to increase the precision of the parts, and the operating pressure is difficult to increase.

[0011] Other types of rotary compressors, such as cam rotor type and rolling rotor type, sliding vane type and rotary vane type, have small clearance volumes, but compressors using such sliding vanes adopt a single sliding vane structure and only have one stage of seal, and the sealing effect of the simple contact type is very limited, so that when the pressure is high, the leakage is large and the ideal pressure cannot be reached; and since the adopted sliding vane is basically of single line contact, when the rotation speed is too high, the contact stress is too large and the rotation speed is limited.

[0012] In summary, the engine with staged circulation needs to have satisfactory efficiency even at high pressure on the compression side, and needs to operate efficiently at high pressure on the expansion side. The most ideal one is one that can achieve high pressure and high efficiency without the need for series connection in a single stage, which is of practical significance to the compressor industry and other industries. To achieve this, it is necessary to select a positive displacement machine with a small clearance volume and improve the contact seal piece.

[0013] In the Chinese patent application with application number 201680025835.X, it is proposed that the sliding vane is divided into two parts, a slider (i.e., gate 600) and a seal piece (i.e., protruding seal 620), the slider slides back and forth along the radial direction, and moves the seal piece to slide together, the function of the slider is to withstand pressure and bending moment, and the function of the seal piece is to seal. The decomposition of the sliding vane into a combination of a slider and a seal piece still belongs to one stage of sealing.

[0014] In the Chinese patent application with application number 200910194315.3 and the Chinese patent application with application number 201310021409.7, a double sliding vane structure is adopted, which improves the sealing effect slightly, but the mass of the sliding vane is still large, so it can only be used in air conditioner compressors or similar cases with low rotation speed and low pressure.

[0015] Other types of sealing pieces have only a small displacement relative to the parts that house them, for example, the apex seal of the rotor of a Felix Wankel rotary engine has a small displacement relative to the rotor contour, and in another rotary engine, the rotor contour is similar to the contour of the inner wall of the cylinder block of the Wankel rotary engine, and the apex seal of the inner wall of the cylinder block of the rotary engine has a small displacement relative to the contour of the cylinder block, and the sealing performance of these two sealing pieces, called apex seals, is still a difficult problem that has not been completely solved. Summary of the Invention

[0016] The present application provides a combined seal piece, a positive displacement machine, and a wide-range fuel engine. The present application provides a combined seal piece that can achieve good sealing even when operating at high pressure and can operate normally in a wide range of rotational speeds. The present application also provides a positive displacement machine that is manufactured using the improved combined seal piece and achieves satisfactory efficiency even at high pressure, even in a single stage. The present application also provides a wide-range fuel engine that is manufactured using the improved positive displacement machine and achieves the purpose of being more environmentally friendly and more energy-efficient.

[0017] The present application provides the following technical aspects.

[0018] The present application provides a combination seal piece including a slider having a main seal piece, the combination seal piece further including at least one secondary seal piece, a first secondary seal piece of the at least one secondary seal piece having a spine that is Slider or is simultaneously resting on the main seal piece and the slider ,before An elastic material is provided between the first sub-seal piece and the slider.

[0019] The present application, There is further provided a positive displacement machine comprising a rotor, a cylinder block, and cylinder heads located on both sides of the cylinder block, the rotor being rotatably mounted in a cylindrical inner wall of the cylinder block via the cylinder head by a main shaft and a bearing; Wherein, the rotor is a cam rotor, the contour of the rotor extends smoothly from the maximum radius circular arc toward both sides until they overlap, and the distance from each point of the contour to the pivot axis gradually decreases from a maximum value to a minimum value during the extension process, and the circular arc cylindrical surface of the maximum radius circular arc is provided with at least one groove in which a radial sealing strip acting on the cylindrical inner wall of the cylinder block is provided; Each of the two end faces of the rotor is provided with at least one annular groove and a seal ring in the at least one annular groove; The cylinder block is provided with a front housing configured to house a combination seal piece, and further provided with a rear housing configured to house a drive mechanism for the combination seal piece; A variable volume is isolated within the cylindrical inner wall of the cylinder block by the rotor and the combined seal piece, and openings and valves for the inflow and outflow of the working medium are located in the cylinder block or the cylinder head on the low pressure area side and the high pressure area side separated by the combined seal piece, respectively; The positive displacement machine further comprises a lubrication passage and a cooling surface; Among them, the combination seal piece is the combination seal piece described in the above technical aspect.

[0020] The present application, There is further provided a positive displacement machine comprising a rotor, a cylinder block and cylinder heads located on both sides of the cylinder block, the rotor being rotatably and eccentrically mounted within a cylindrical inner wall of the cylinder block via the cylinder head by a main shaft and a bearing; The rotor is a rotor of a combination seal piece, and a basic cylindrical body of the rotor is provided with a receiving chamber through which a pivot axis passes and which is configured to receive the combination seal piece; At least one pair of the rotor is provided on each of the two end surfaces. Arc of a groove and an arc-shaped seal member in the groove; At least one groove is provided in the inner wall of the cylinder block at a position where the rotation axis of the rotor is closest to the cylindrical inner wall of the cylinder block, and a radial seal strip acting on the rotor is provided in each groove; A variable volume is isolated within the cylindrical inner wall of the cylinder block by the rotor and a radial seal strip acting on the rotor, and openings and valves for the inflow and outflow of the working medium are located in the cylinder block or the cylinder head on the low pressure area side and the high pressure area side separated by the radial seal strip, respectively; The positive displacement machine further comprises a lubrication passage and a cooling surface; Among them, the combination seal piece is the combination seal piece described in the above technical aspect.

[0021] The present application, There is further provided a positive displacement machine comprising a rotor, a cylinder block, and cylinder heads located on both sides of the cylinder block, the rotor being rotatably mounted in a cylindrical inner wall of the cylinder block via the cylinder head by a main shaft and a bearing; The rotor is an olive-shaped rotor, and the contours of the rotor closest to the cylindrical inner wall of the cylinder block are two arcs that overlap and are centrally symmetrical, the contours smoothly extend from the same side of the two arcs in opposite directions until they overlap, and the distances from each point of the contours to the pivot axis gradually decrease from a maximum value to a minimum value during the extension process, and each of the cylindrical surfaces of the two arcs closest to the cylindrical inner wall of the cylinder block is provided with at least one groove, and a radial seal strip acting on the cylindrical inner wall of the cylinder block is provided in the groove, Each of the two end faces of the rotor is provided with at least one essentially elliptical annular groove and a seal ring located within the at least one essentially elliptical annular groove; The cylinder block is provided with two centrally symmetric front housings configured to accommodate two combined seal pieces, and further provided with two centrally symmetric rear housings configured to accommodate drive mechanisms for the two combined seal pieces; A variable volume is isolated within the cylindrical inner wall of the cylinder block by the rotor and the two combined seal pieces, and two openings and two valves for the inflow and outflow of the working medium are located in the cylinder block or the cylinder head on the low pressure area side and the high pressure area side separated by the two combined seal pieces, respectively; The positive displacement machine further comprises a lubrication passage and a cooling surface; Among them, the two combination seal pieces are the combination seal pieces described in the above technical aspects.

[0022] The present application, The present invention further provides a versatile fuel engine including a compression side positive displacement machine, an expansion side positive displacement machine and a working medium heater, wherein the exhaust port of the compression side positive displacement machine is connected to the inlet port of the working medium heater, and the exhaust port of the working medium heater is connected to the inlet port of the expansion side positive displacement machine; a main shaft of the compression side positive displacement machine is operably connected to a main shaft of the expansion side positive displacement machine; The compression side positive displacement machine employs any one of the positive displacement machines described above, wherein the opening is an inlet for the working medium of the compression side positive displacement machine, and the valve is a check valve of the compression side positive displacement machine; Among them, the expansion side positive displacement machine employs a positive displacement machine described in any of the above technical aspects, wherein the opening is a discharge port for the working medium of the expansion side positive displacement machine, and the valve is a control valve of the expansion side positive displacement machine.

[0023] The present application further provides a positive displacement machine including a compressor, the machine being fitted with a combined seal piece according to any of the above technical aspects.

[0024] The present application further provides an engine equipped with a combined seal piece according to any one of the above technical aspects.

[0025] The present application further provides an application of the combined seal piece according to any of the above technical aspects in a positive displacement machine or engine. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0026] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a first embodiment of a combined seal segment according to the present application. [Figure 2A] FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a second embodiment of a combined seal segment according to the present application. [Figure 2B] FIG. 4 is an assembly view of a second embodiment of a combined seal piece according to the present application. [Diagram 3] FIG. 13 is an exploded view of a third embodiment of a combined seal segment according to the present application. [Figure 4] FIG. 13 is an exploded view of a fourth embodiment of a combination seal segment according to the present application. [Figure 5A] FIG. 1 is an axial cross-sectional view of one shaft of a first embodiment of a positive displacement machine according to the present application. [Figure 5B] FIG. 2 is a diagram of a cam rotor of a first embodiment of a positive displacement machine according to the present application. [Figure 5C] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of a first embodiment of a positive displacement machine according to the present application. [Figure 5D] FIG. 1 is a biaxial sectional view of a first embodiment of a positive displacement machine according to the present application. [Figure 5E] FIG. 2 is a diagram of a cylinder head B3 of a first embodiment of a positive displacement machine according to the present application. [Figure 5F] FIG. 2 is a diagram of a cylinder head B4 of a first embodiment of a positive displacement machine according to the present application. [Figure 6A] FIG. 2 is an axial section through a second embodiment of a positive displacement machine according to the present application; [Figure 6B] FIG. 11 is a rotor diagram of a combined seal piece of a second embodiment of a positive displacement machine according to the present application. [Figure 6C] FIG. 4 is a profile view of the cylindrical inner wall of a second embodiment of a positive displacement machine according to the present application. [Figure 6D] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line CC of a second embodiment of a positive displacement machine according to the present application. [Figure 6E]2 is a combination seal piece of a second embodiment of a positive displacement machine according to the present application; [Figure 7A] FIG. 4 is an axial section through a third embodiment of a positive displacement machine according to the present application; [Figure 7B] FIG. 13 is a diagram of an olive-shaped rotor of a third embodiment of a positive displacement machine according to the present application. [Figure 7C] FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a third embodiment of a positive displacement machine according to the present application; [Figure 7D] 13 is a combination seal piece in a third embodiment of a positive displacement machine according to the present application. [Figure 8A] FIG. 1 is an axial cross-sectional view of a single shaft of a first embodiment of a wide-fuel engine according to the present application. [Figure 8B] FIG. 1 is a biaxial cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of a wide-fuel engine according to the present invention. [Figure 8C] FIG. 1 is a diagram of a combustion chamber of a first embodiment of a multi-fuel engine according to the present application. [Figure 8D] FIG. 2 is a diagram of a check valve according to a first embodiment of the present invention for a multi-fuel engine. [Figure 8E] FIG. 2 is a diagram of a plug valve of a first embodiment of a multi-fuel engine according to the present application. [Figure 8F] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB of a first embodiment of a wide range fuel engine according to the present application. [Figure 8G] FIG. 2 is a diagram of the gear transmission of the plug valve in the first embodiment of the wide-fuel engine according to the present application. [Figure 8H] FIG. 2 is a diagram of a cylinder head B54 of a first embodiment of a multi-fuel engine according to the present application. [Figure 9A] FIG. 2 is an axial cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of a wide-fuel engine according to the present invention. [Figure 9B] FIG. 9B is a plan cross-sectional view of FIG. 9A of a second embodiment of a wide-fuel engine according to the present application. [Figure 9C] FIG. 2 is a DD cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of a wide range fuel engine according to the present application. [Figure 9D] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the solenoid valve of the second embodiment of the wide-fuel engine according to the present application in an off state. [Figure 9E]FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the solenoid valve of the second embodiment of the wide-fuel engine according to the present application in an on state. [Figure 9F] FIG. 13 is a diagram of a check valve according to a second embodiment of the present invention for a wide range fuel engine. [Figure 10A] FIG. 11 is an axial cross-sectional view of a third embodiment of a wide-fuel engine according to the present invention. [Figure 10B] FIG. 13 is a diagram of a combustion chamber of a third embodiment of a multi-fuel engine according to the present application. [Figure 10C] FIG. 13 is a diagram of a check valve according to a third embodiment of the present invention for a wide range fuel engine. [Figure 10D] FIG. 13 is a diagram of a plug valve of a third embodiment of a wide-fuel engine according to the present application. [Figure 10E] FIG. 2 is a FF sectional view of a third embodiment of a wide-fuel engine according to the present application. [Figure 10F] FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a third embodiment of a wide-fuel engine according to the present invention. [Figure 10G] FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a cylinder head E54 and a gear transmission of a third embodiment of a wide fuel engine according to the present invention. [Figure 11A] FIG. 1 is a diagram of a first embodiment of a gate valve according to the present application. [Figure 11B] FIG. 2 is a diagram of a second embodiment of a gate valve according to the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0027] The details of one or more embodiments of the present application are set forth in the drawings and description of the embodiments below.

[0028] The illustrated and described embodiments are not limited in application to the details of construction and arrangement of the components described in the following description or illustrated in the drawings. The illustrated embodiments may be other embodiments and may be implemented or carried out in various ways. Each example is provided in a manner that construes the disclosed embodiments but not as a limitation. Various modifications and variations can be made to the embodiments of the present application without departing from the scope or substance of the present disclosure. For example, features illustrated or described as part of one embodiment can be used with other embodiments to still produce another embodiment. The present disclosure therefore includes such modifications and variations that come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0029] The terms and phrases used herein are for purposes of description and should not be regarded as limiting. The use of "comprises," "includes," or "having" and variations thereof herein is intended to include the preceding listed items and equivalents thereof, as well as additional items in open format.

[0030] The present application will now be described with reference to several embodiments and drawings.

[0031] In this application, the following terms and definitions may be used.

[0032] The working medium refers to a working medium capable of realizing the mutual conversion of thermal energy and mechanical energy or work, such as air, a kind of gas, a kind of mixed gas, combustion gas, water vapor, supercritical carbon dioxide fluid, supercritical water, water, and refrigerant.

[0033] The combined seal segment may include a slider, a primary seal segment and at least one secondary seal segment.

[0034] A positive displacement machine draws in and expels a working medium by utilizing a periodic change in the volume of a sealed storage chamber, and includes machines that convert fluid energy, such as pumps, vacuum pumps, motors, compressors, and engines.

[0035] A versatile fuel engine is an engine that can use different fuels without the need to fundamentally change the mechanical movement of the engine, by only changing or switching the way of obtaining heat from the working medium heater, for example, by changing or switching only a different fuel injection device and / or a combustion chamber. The working medium heater should be understood in a broad sense, and for example, it is not limited to internal combustion, and may also take the way of heat exchange with an external heat source.

[0036] The compression ratio is the ratio value obtained by dividing the volume of the maximum sealed chamber on the compression side by the volume of the minimum sealed chamber at the time just before the check valve on the compression side is turned on, which is the same as the meaning of the heat work of the compression ratio of a crank piston type internal combustion engine. It is clear that the pressure of the working medium in the working medium heater has a direct relationship with the compression ratio.

[0037] Central symmetry allows one shape to overlap another shape in a plane after being rotated 180° around a point.

[0038] ECU stands for Electronic Control Unit.

[0039] The present application provides the following technical aspects.

[0040] Technical aspect 1 is a combination seal piece having a slider with a main seal piece, wherein the combination seal piece further comprises at least one secondary seal piece, and a first secondary seal piece of the at least one secondary seal piece has a spine of Slider or leaning against the main seal piece and the slider at the same time ,before An elastic material is provided between the first sub-seal piece and the slider.

[0041] Technical aspect 2 is a combination seal piece described in technical aspect 1, in which a second secondary seal piece of the at least one secondary seal piece has its back attached to the first secondary seal piece or is leaned against the first secondary seal piece and the slider simultaneously, and an elastic material is present between the second secondary seal piece and the first secondary seal piece or the slider.

[0042] Technical aspect 3 is the combination seal piece according to technical aspect 2, wherein the at least one secondary seal piece is N in number and is arranged according to the following order that is continuously decreasing: The Nth secondary seal piece has its back attached to the N-1th secondary seal piece or is simultaneously rested against the N-1th secondary seal piece and the slider, and there is an elastic material between the Nth secondary seal piece and the N-1th secondary seal piece or the slider, and the N-1th secondary seal piece has its back attached to the N-2th secondary seal piece or is simultaneously rested against the N-2th secondary seal piece and the slider, and there is an elastic material between the N-1th secondary seal piece and the N-2th secondary seal piece or the slider, ..., until it gradually decreases to the second secondary seal piece, by analogy therewith, where N is one selected from 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10.

[0043] Technical aspect 4 is a combined seal piece described in any one of the above technical aspects, wherein at least one of the main seal piece and the at least one secondary seal piece is formed by connecting two left and right pieces, and an elastic material that biases the seal piece in the lateral direction is provided between the two left and right pieces.

[0044] Technical aspect 5 is a combination seal piece according to technical aspect 4, wherein the two left and right pieces are provided with a portion where the left and right pieces cross, overlap and connect at the seal end faces.

[0045] A sixth technical aspect is the combined seal piece according to any one of the above technical aspects, wherein the seal end surface of the main seal piece and / or the at least one sub-seal piece is an arcuate cylindrical surface.

[0046] A seventh technical aspect is the combined seal piece according to any one of the above technical aspects, in which an elastic material is provided between the main seal piece and the slider.

[0047] Technical aspect 8 is a combination seal piece described in any one of the above technical aspects, wherein a storage chamber for accommodating the combination seal piece has at least one groove, and a seal strip and an elastic material are provided in the groove, and the seal strip contacts the combination seal piece via the elastic material.

[0048] Technical aspect 9 is a combination seal piece according to technical aspect 8, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the seal strip is essentially triangular, and the biasing direction of the elastic material is biased toward the low pressure area.

[0049] Technical aspect 10 is a combination seal piece according to any one of the above technical aspects, wherein the accommodation chamber for accommodating the combination seal piece further comprises a wear-resistant strip and an arc-shaped groove for accommodating the wear-resistant strip at a position close to the end opening.

[0050] Technical aspect 11 is a combination seal piece described in any one of the technical aspects above, in which a combination of the main seal piece and at least one secondary seal piece is provided on each of the front and back sides of the slider, and the shape of the side of the slider is centrosymmetrical.

[0051] Technical aspect 12 is the combined seal piece according to technical aspect 11, wherein the slider is provided with an openwork portion and / or a reinforcing rib.

[0052] Technical aspect 13 is a combination seal piece described in any one of the technical aspects above, wherein the main seal piece and the at least one secondary seal piece are provided on one surface of the slider, and a roller follower through which an axis passes is attached to one end of the slider.

[0053] Technical aspect 14 is a combination seal piece described in technical aspect 1, in which the main seal piece and the slider are integrated, and the at least one secondary seal piece and the elastic material corresponding to the secondary seal piece are distributed symmetrically on both sides of the main seal piece.

[0054] Technical aspect 15 is a combination seal piece according to technical aspect 1, in which the main seal piece and the slider are integrated, and two sets of combinations of the main seal piece, the at least one secondary seal piece and corresponding elastic material are symmetrically arranged back to back with each other, in which the main seal piece serves as the slider.

[0055] According to one or more embodiments, the primary seal piece and at least one secondary seal piece of the combined seal piece can be combined together by a slider, and can be placed in a specific receiving chamber, and can move linearly or arcuately relative to the receiving chamber, or can move slightly or can be essentially stationary. The sealing end surface of the combined seal piece can be pressed against the surface of a part that moves relative to the receiving chamber periodically outside the receiving chamber, and can form a seal with the radial sealing end surface, and can simultaneously form a seal with both lateral sides.

[0056] First embodiment of combined seal piece Referring to FIG. 1, the side shape of the slider B10 is centrosymmetrical, and the slider B10 has two steps B10-1 for mounting the main seal piece B5, and also has two steps B10-2 for mounting the secondary seal piece B6, the secondary seal piece B6 rests against the main seal piece B5 and the step B10-2 of the slider B10, the secondary seal piece B7 has its back attached to the secondary seal piece B6, the secondary seal piece B8 has its back attached to the secondary seal piece B7, and the secondary seal piece B9 has its back attached to the secondary seal piece B8.

[0057] Between the main seal piece B5 and the slider B10, there is an elastic material B15, between the secondary seal piece B6 and the slider B10, there is an elastic material B16, between the secondary seal piece B7 and the secondary seal piece B6, there is an elastic material B17, between the secondary seal piece B8 and the secondary seal piece B7, there is an elastic material B18, and between the secondary seal piece B9 and the secondary seal piece B8, there is an elastic material B19.

[0058] The auxiliary seal piece B6 is formed by connecting two left and right pieces, B6R and B6L, and the seal end face of the seal piece has portions B6R-1 and B6L-1 where the left and right pieces cross and overlap and are connected, and between the two left and right pieces is an elastic material B14 that biases in the lateral direction. The auxiliary seal piece B8 is also formed by connecting two left and right pieces, B8R and B8L, and the seal end face of the seal piece has portions B8R-1 and B8L-1 where the left and right pieces cross and overlap and are connected, and between the two left and right pieces is an elastic material B14 that biases in the lateral direction.

[0059] The seal end faces of the main seal piece B5, the sub seal piece B6, the sub seal piece B7, the sub seal piece B8, and the sub seal piece B9 are arc-shaped cylindrical surfaces. The so-called seal end faces refer to the sliding surfaces that seal in the radial direction and are located at the head of each seal piece.

[0060] The slider B10 may have at least one openwork portion B10-3 for the purpose of reducing mass and inertia. The slider B10 may have a reinforcing rib plate B10-4 for the purpose of increasing bending strength and rigidity.

[0061] Second embodiment of combined seal piece Referring to Figures 2A and 2B, the slider F10 has one step F10-1 for mounting the main seal piece F5, one step F10-2 for mounting the secondary seal piece F6, and one step F10-3 for mounting the secondary seal piece F7, the secondary seal piece F6 is resting on the main seal piece F5 and the step F10-2, the secondary seal piece F7 is resting on the secondary seal piece F6 and the step F10-3, and the step F10-1, step F10-2, and step F10-3 each have a pair of plugs F10-4.

[0062] An elastic member F15 is provided between the main seal piece F5 and the slider F10, an elastic member F16 is provided between the sub seal piece F6 and the slider F10, and an elastic member F17 is provided between the sub seal piece F7 and the slider F10.

[0063] The auxiliary seal piece F6 is formed by connecting two left and right pieces, F6R and F6L, and the seal end faces of the seal piece have portions F6R-1 and F6L-1 where the left and right pieces cross, overlap and are connected, and between the two left and right pieces is an elastic material F14 that biases in the lateral direction.

[0064] The seal end faces of the main seal piece F5, the sub seal piece F6, and the sub seal piece F7 are arcuate cylindrical surfaces, and the so-called seal end faces refer to sliding surfaces that seal in the radial direction and are located at the head of each seal piece.

[0065] The main seal piece F5 has a blind hole F5-1, and the secondary seal piece F6 and the secondary seal piece F7 each have holes F6-1 and F7-1 which are fitted into corresponding plugs F10-4 of the slider F10 and prevent misalignment of the main seal piece F5, the secondary seal piece F6, the secondary seal piece F7 and the elastic material F15, the elastic material F16, and the elastic material F17 during assembly.

[0066] A roller follower F12 is attached to the slider F10 by an axis F13, and the roller follower F12 contacts a cam drive mechanism F11.

[0067] The slider F10 and the main seal piece and the sub-seal piece mounted thereon are located in the accommodating chamber F1-2, and there is at least one groove F1-3 in the accommodating chamber F1-2, and there are a seal strip F20 and an elastic material F21 in the groove F1-3, and the seal strip F20 may have a triangular cross-sectional shape, occupy a small space, and is rational in coordination with the biasing angle of the elastic material F21, and the biasing direction of the elastic material F21 is generally biased toward the low pressure area.

[0068] The accommodating chamber F1-2 is provided with a lubrication passage F1-4 for transporting lubricating oil, and the accommodating chamber F1-2 is further provided with an arc-shaped groove F1-5 near the end opening which is configured to accommodate a wear-resistant strip F22. The wear-resistant strip F22 is resistant to wear and has an easy-to-select fitting gap.

[0069] Third embodiment of combined seal piece Referring to FIG. 3, the slider G1 and the main seal piece are integrated, and each of both sides of the main seal piece has one step G1-1 carrying the secondary seal piece G2, the secondary seal piece G2 has its backside aligned with the step G1-1, the secondary seal piece G2 has one step G2-1 carrying the secondary seal piece G3, the secondary seal piece G3 has its backside aligned with the step G2-1, and the two sets of secondary seal pieces G2 and G3 are distributed symmetrically on both sides of the slider or main seal piece G1.

[0070] Between the slider or main seal piece G1 and its accommodation chamber is an elastic material G7, the accommodation chamber being not shown, between the secondary seal piece G2 and the slider or main seal piece G1 is an elastic material G5, and between the secondary seal piece G3 and the secondary seal piece G2 is an elastic material G4.

[0071] The secondary seal piece G2 is formed by connecting two left and right pieces, G2R and G2L, and the seal end face of the seal piece has portions G2R-1 and G2L-1 where the left and right pieces cross, overlap and are connected, and between the two left and right pieces is an elastic material G6 that applies a lateral force, and the shape of the elastic material G6 is a thin-walled tube.

[0072] The seal end faces of the slider or main seal piece G1, the sub seal piece G2 and the sub seal piece G3 are arcuate cylindrical surfaces, and the so-called seal end faces refer to the sliding surfaces that seal in the radial direction and are located at the head of each seal piece.

[0073] Fourth embodiment of combined seal piece Referring to Figure 4, this is a combination seal piece derived based on the third embodiment, in which the secondary seal piece G2 in Figure 3 and G2a in Figure 4 have the same shape, and G2a here plays the role of a slider and a main seal piece, and the slider or main seal piece G2a has one step G2a-1 for mounting the secondary seal piece G3, and the back of the secondary seal piece G3 is assigned to the step G2a-1, and there is an elastic material G4 between the secondary seal piece G3 and the slider or main seal piece G2a.

[0074] The slider or main seal piece G2a is formed by connecting two left and right pieces, G2aR and G2aL, and the seal end faces of the seal piece have portions G2aR-1 and G2aL-1 where the left and right pieces cross, overlap and are connected, and between the two left and right pieces is an elastic material G6 that applies a lateral force, and the shape of the elastic material G6 is a thin-walled tube.

[0075] The two sets of sliders or main seal pieces G2a, sub seal pieces G3, their elastic members G4 and G6 are symmetrically distributed back to back. The elastic member G8 is provided in a receiving chamber formed by combining the two sets of sliders or main seal pieces G2a and sub seal pieces G3, and the receiving chamber is not shown.

[0076] The third and fourth embodiments of the combined seal piece are suitable for sealing the apex seal of the rotor of a Felix Wankel rotary engine, where high pressure alternates between both sides of the seal end face. Ru and Beauty Another Rotary engine cylinder block Inner wall apex seal It can be used for.

[0077] The seal end surfaces of the primary seal piece and the secondary seal piece of the present application are arcuate cylindrical surfaces, and the so-called arc shape includes the shape of a part of a circle or an ellipse, and further includes various planar curves that are close to a circle or an ellipse.

[0078] In summary, the slider, the main seal piece, and the secondary seal piece are distinguished as follows: the function of the slider is mainly to withstand pressure and bending moment, the function of the main seal piece and the secondary seal piece is mainly to seal, and the main seal piece and the secondary seal piece are distinguished as follows: the main seal piece has a minimum displacement relative to the slider, or even no displacement, the secondary seal piece has a large displacement relative to the slider, and the further the secondary seal piece is from the main seal piece, the larger the displacement. Therefore, the present application can select and use different materials according to the different functions to be performed, for example, the slider can select and use a material with high strength, and each seal piece can select and use a material that is resistant to wear, and the mass can also be optimized. For example, each seal piece can select and use a ceramic material that is resistant to wear and has a light mass.

[0079] The present application makes it very easy to realize multi-stage sealing, and the number of secondary seal pieces is selected according to the pressure of the output or input working medium, and high total pressure can be broken down into stages both radially and laterally, and there is a pressure difference between each two layers of seal pieces that does not cause a large leakage amount, so the combined seal piece of the present application can operate efficiently even at high pressure, as long as the number of secondary seal pieces and the pressure are well matched, which is the same principle as the multiple seal rings on the piston of a crank piston compressor.

[0080] The combined seal piece is used in the periodic motion of a positive displacement machine, and there is a large inertial force at high rotation speeds. Since the present application is a multi-stage seal piece, the inertial force can be resolved to each seal piece, and the line contact pressure of a single seal piece can be reduced. Compared with the single slide vane and double slide vane embodiments, a higher rotation speed or a wider rotation speed range can be realized.

[0081] The surfaces of the main seal piece and the secondary seal piece of the present application may have various oil storage streaks, and the adjacent seal pieces periodically slide relative to each other during operation, allowing the lubricating oil to be evenly applied to each sliding surface, thereby better performing the lubricating and sealing functions.

[0082] Technical aspect 16 is A positive displacement machine including a rotor, a cylinder block, and cylinder heads located on both sides of the cylinder block, the rotor being rotatably mounted in a cylindrical inner wall of the cylinder block via the cylinder head by a main shaft and a bearing; Wherein, the rotor is a cam rotor, the contour of the rotor extends smoothly from the maximum radius circular arc to both sides respectively until they overlap, and the distance from each point of the contour to the pivot axis gradually decreases from a maximum value to a minimum value during the extension process, the circular arc cylindrical surface of the maximum radius circular arc is provided with at least one groove, and a radial seal strip acting on the cylindrical inner wall of the cylinder block is provided in the groove; Each of the two end faces of the rotor has at least one annular groove and a seal ring in the groove; The cylinder block is provided with a front housing for housing a combination seal piece, and also has a rear housing for housing a drive mechanism for the combination seal piece, A variable volume is isolated within the cylindrical inner wall of the cylinder block by the rotor and the combined seal piece, and openings and valves for the inflow and outflow of the working medium are located in the cylinder block or the cylinder head on the low pressure area side and the high pressure area side separated by the combined seal piece, respectively; The positive displacement machine further comprises a lubrication passage and a cooling surface; Among them, the combination seal piece is the combination seal piece according to any one of technical aspects 1 to 15.

[0083] Technical aspect 17 is a volumetric machine according to Technical aspect 16, in which the radius of the maximum radius arc is R0, its center overlaps with the pivot axis, a connecting line from the midpoint of the arc to the pivot axis is a line of symmetry, a radius of another arc whose center is on the line of symmetry is R1, and between the arc with radius R0 and the arc with radius R1 on both sides of the line of symmetry, there is a transition arc R2, or multiple arcs are used instead of arc R2, and all the arcs are adjacent to each other and connected to a smooth curve.

[0084] Technical aspect 18 is a positive displacement machine according to Technical aspect 16, in which a step for preventing slip-out is provided between the radial seal strip acting on the cylindrical inner wall of the cylinder block and its groove, and a gap for radial movement of the radial seal strip is permitted, and the position of the radial seal strip on the arcuate cylindrical surface is in the middle or biased towards the low pressure area.

[0085] Technical aspect 19 is a positive displacement machine according to technical aspect 16, wherein both end faces of the rotor are further provided with an elastic seal between the groove bottom of the annular groove and the seal ring, and the cross section of the seal ring is basically square or rectangular, or the seal ring is formed by winding a thin piece whose length is greater than the circumferential length of the annular groove, and both ends of the thin piece are gradually thinner.

[0086] Technical aspect 20 is a volumetric machine according to Technical aspect 16, in which the cylinder block has two cylindrical inner walls, into which two rotors are respectively inserted, the rotation axes of which are parallel, the connecting lines from the midpoints of the maximum radius arcs of the rotor contours to the rotation axis centers are also parallel, and the rotational speed ratio between the shafts is 1:1; the front accommodating chamber connects the two cylindrical inner walls, and the seal end faces of the two sets of main seal pieces and auxiliary seal pieces mounted on the slider respectively contact the two rotors in opposite directions, one end of the slider receives a force acting on the seal end faces of the multiple seal pieces from the rotor on one side, and the other end receives a force acting on the seal end faces of the multiple seal pieces from the rotor on the other side, and the slider slides back and forth due to the action of these two forces, the two cylindrical inner walls form a rear accommodating chamber, and the two rotors form a drive mechanism for the combined seal pieces.

[0087] Technical aspect 21 is a positive displacement machine according to Technical aspect 16, in which the lubrication passage passes through the bearing and the rotor, the oil inlet for the lubricating oil is located in a bearing cap at one end of the main shaft, and the oil return port is located in a bearing cap at the other end of the main shaft.

[0088] Technical aspect 22 is a positive displacement machine according to Technical aspect 21, wherein the cylinder head has at least one small recess or narrow groove on one surface facing the rotor, and the small recess or narrow groove is located close to the cylindrical inner wall of the cylinder block and has an opportunity to come into contact with the lubricating oil in the seal rings on both end surfaces of the rotor.

[0089] Technical aspect 23 is a positive displacement machine according to technical aspect 16, wherein the cooling surface is defined by a hollow portion in the cylinder head, or both the cylinder head and the cylinder block are provided with hollow portions that are the cooling surface, and a circulating cooling liquid can be injected into the hollow portions.

[0090] Technical aspect 24 is A positive displacement machine comprising a rotor, a cylinder block, and cylinder heads located on both sides of the cylinder block, the rotor being rotatably and eccentrically mounted within a cylindrical inner wall of the cylinder block via the cylinder head by a main shaft and a bearing; The rotor is a rotor of a combination seal piece, and a basic cylindrical body thereof is provided with a receiving chamber through which a pivot axis passes and which is configured to receive the combination seal piece; Each of the two end surfaces of the rotor is provided with at least one pair of arcuate grooves having the same radius and arcuate seals in the arcuate grooves; At least one groove is formed in the inner wall of the cylinder block at a position where the rotation axis of the rotor is closest to the cylindrical inner wall of the cylinder block, and a radial seal strip acting on the rotor is provided in the groove. A variable volume is isolated within the cylindrical inner wall of the cylinder block by the rotor and a radial seal strip acting on the rotor, and openings and valves for the inflow and outflow of the working medium are located in the cylinder block or the cylinder head on the low pressure area side and the high pressure area side separated by the radial seal strip, respectively; The positive displacement machine further comprises a lubrication passage and a cooling surface; Among them, the combination seal piece is the combination seal piece according to any one of technical aspects 1 to 15.

[0091] Technical aspect 25 is a positive displacement machine according to Technical aspect 24, wherein the cylindrical inner wall of the cylinder block is an elliptical arc cylindrical surface at a portion of the inner wall that is away from the swivel axis of the rotor, and the inner wall where the groove is formed at a position where the swivel axis of the rotor is closest to the cylindrical inner wall of the cylinder block is an arc cylindrical surface, and the arc center line of the arc cylindrical surface overlaps with the swivel axis of the rotor, and the arc cylindrical surface and the elliptical arc cylindrical surface are adjacent to each other and transitional by at least one arc cylindrical surface of a radius. 。

[0092] Technical aspect 26 is a positive displacement machine according to Technical aspect 25, wherein a step for preventing slip-out is provided between the radial seal strip acting on the rotor and its groove, and the existence of a gap for radial movement of the radial seal strip is permitted, the position of the radial seal strip on the arc cylindrical surface is in the center or biased toward the low pressure area, and an elastic material is provided between the radial seal strip and its groove, and the radial seal strip comes into contact with the rotor by the elastic material.

[0093] Technical aspect 27 is the positive displacement machine according to technical aspect 24, wherein both end surfaces of the rotor are provided with an arc-shaped groove and an arc-shaped seal in the groove, and an elastic seal is further provided between the groove bottom of the arc-shaped groove and the arc-shaped seal, and the cross section of the arc-shaped seal is basically square or rectangular. 。

[0094] Technical aspect 28 is a positive displacement machine as described in Technical aspect 27, in which between a position near the front end of the arc-shaped seal in the direction of rotation and the arc-shaped groove, there is a concave-convex fitting shape so as to fix the arc-shaped seal around the circumference, and at the tail of the arc-shaped seal, there is an arc-shaped seal that is connected in an overlapping manner.

[0095] Technical aspect 29 is a positive displacement machine according to Technical aspect 24, in which the lubrication passage passes through the bearing and the rotor, the oil inlet for the lubricating oil is located in a cap of the bearing at one end of the main shaft, and the oil return port is located in a cap of the bearing at the other end of the main shaft.

[0096] Technical aspect 30 is a positive displacement machine according to technical aspect 24, wherein the cooling surface is defined by a hollow portion in the cylinder head, or both the cylinder head and the cylinder block have hollow portions that are the cooling surface, and a circulating cooling liquid can be injected into the hollow portions.

[0097] Technical aspect 31 is A positive displacement machine including a rotor, a cylinder block, and cylinder heads located on both sides of the cylinder block, the rotor being rotatably mounted in a cylindrical inner wall of the cylinder block via the cylinder head by a main shaft and a bearing; The rotor is an olive-shaped rotor, and the outline of the rotor closest to the cylindrical inner wall of the cylinder block is ,circle two circular arcs that are overlapping and centrally symmetric, extending smoothly from the same side of the two circular arcs in opposite directions until they overlap, and the distances from each point of the contour to the pivot axis gradually decrease from a maximum value to a minimum value during the extension process, and each of the cylindrical surfaces of the arcs closest to the cylindrical inner wall of the cylinder block is provided with at least one groove, and within the groove is a radial seal strip that acts on the cylindrical inner wall of the cylinder block; Each of the two end faces of the rotor has at least one essentially elliptical annular groove and a seal ring located within the annular groove; The cylinder block has two center-symmetric front chambers configured to accommodate two combined seal pieces, and also has two center-symmetric rear chambers configured to accommodate drive mechanisms for the two combined seal pieces; A variable volume is isolated within the cylindrical inner wall of the cylinder block by the rotor and the combined seal piece, and two openings and two valves for the inflow and outflow of the working medium are located in the cylinder block or cylinder head on the low pressure area side and the high pressure area side separated by the two combined seal pieces, respectively; The positive displacement machine further comprises a lubrication passage and a cooling surface; Among them, the two combination seal pieces are the combination seal pieces according to any one of the technical aspects 1 to 15.

[0098] Technical aspect 32 is the positive displacement machine according to technical aspect 31. ,before The radius of the two circular arcs that overlap and are centrally symmetrical is R00, and an arc with a radius of R11 is provided on each side of the two arcs with a radius of R00, and the distance between the two end points of each arc with a radius of R11 and the adjacent arc with a radius of R00 is equal. R11 >R00, The distance from the midpoint of the arc with radius R11 to the pivot axis is less than R00, and between the two arcs with radius R00 and the two arcs with radius R11, respectively, there is one transition arc with radius R22 or more transition arcs, and all the transition arcs are adjacent to each other and connected to a smooth curve.

[0099] Technical aspect 33 is a positive displacement machine according to technical aspect 31, in which there is a step for preventing the radial seal strip acting on the cylindrical inner wall of the cylinder block and its groove, and the existence of a gap for radial movement of the radial seal strip is permitted, and the position of the radial seal strip on the arcuate cylindrical surface is in the middle or biased toward the low pressure area.

[0100] Technical aspect 34 Technical aspect 31In the positive displacement machine described in the above, both end surfaces of the rotor are further provided with an elastic seal between the groove bottom of the annular groove and the seal ring, and the cross section of the seal ring is essentially square or rectangular, or the seal ring is formed by winding a thin piece whose length is greater than the circumferential length of the annular groove, and both ends of the thin piece are gradually thinned. 。

[0101] Technical aspect 35 is a positive displacement machine according to Technical aspect 31, wherein the drive mechanism of the combined seal piece is a cam mechanism, the cam mechanism is rotatably attached in the rear housing chamber and driven by the main shaft at a fixed rotation speed ratio, the slider of the combined seal piece is provided with a roller driven member, one end of the slider receives a force acting on the seal end surface of each seal piece from the rotor, and the other end receives a force applied to the roller driven member from the cam of the cam mechanism, and the slider reciprocates by the action of these two forces; The shape of the cam is such that the main seal piece is always in contact with the rotor, there is essentially no relative displacement between the main seal piece and the slider, and the rotation of the rotor and the cam determines the movement position of the roller follower.

[0102] Technical aspect 36 is a positive displacement machine according to Technical aspect 31, in which the lubrication passage passes through the bearing and the rotor, the oil inlet for the lubricating oil is located in a cap of the bearing at one end of the main shaft, and the oil return port is located in a cap of the bearing at the other end of the main shaft.

[0103] Technical aspect 37 is a positive displacement machine according to Technical aspect 36, wherein the cylinder head has at least one small recess or narrow groove on one surface facing the rotor, and the small recess or narrow groove is located close to the cylindrical inner wall of the cylinder block and has an opportunity to come into contact with the lubricating oil in the seal rings on both end surfaces of the rotor.

[0104] Technical aspect 38 is a positive displacement machine according to technical aspect 31, wherein the cooling surface is defined by a hollow portion in the cylinder head, or both the cylinder head and the cylinder block are provided with hollow portions that are the cooling surface, and a circulating cooling liquid can be injected into the hollow portions.

[0105] In technical aspects 18, 26 and 33, the stop step is for preventing the radial seal strip from coming off the radial seal strip groove, and the position of the radial seal strip is biased toward the low pressure area to further reduce the clearance volume for a compression volumetric machine and further reduce the negative pressure volume for an expansion volumetric machine, the negative pressure volume being the volume when the expansion chamber has already started to grow even though the expansion working medium has not yet entered the expansion chamber, and the radial seal strip with a too narrow arc column surface is disposed in the middle, and the position of the radial seal strip is biased toward the low pressure area. Runi It is necessary to appropriately widen the width of the arcuate cylindrical surface, and the anti-pullout step may be located on the high pressure area side.

[0106] In technical embodiments 19, 27 and 34, the elastic seal may be an annular ring of a thin-walled elastic metal tube used in high temperature areas, or a rubber ring used in low temperature areas.

[0107] In the technical embodiment 20, the two cam rotors are considered to be in a conjugate relationship or a nearly conjugate relationship, and therefore the profiles of the two cam rotors should be designed according to the conjugate relationship as much as possible. The two rotors are generally the same, but may have different radial sizes.

[0108] In Technical Modes 16, 24, and 31, if air cooling is adopted, the cooling surface can be understood as a heat dissipation sheet on the outer surface of the cylinder head and / or cylinder block.

[0109] First embodiment of a positive displacement machine 5A, 5B, 5C, 5D, 5E and 5F, the positive displacement machine includes a rotor B2, a cylinder block B1, and cylinder heads B3 and B4 on both sides of the cylinder block B1, and the rotor B2 is rotatably mounted in a cylindrical inner wall B1-1 of the cylinder block B1 via the cylinder heads B3 and B4 by a main shaft B30 and a bearing B31.

[0110] 5B, the rotor B2 is shaped like a cam, and the contour of the rotor B2 extends smoothly from the arc with the maximum radius R0 to both sides respectively until they overlap, and the distance from each point of the contour to the pivot axis B0 gradually decreases from the maximum to the minimum during the extension process. In this way, the center of the arc with the maximum radius R0 overlaps the pivot axis B0, and the connecting line R0M-B0 from the midpoint of the arc to the pivot axis B0 is taken as the symmetric line, and the radius of another arc whose center is on the symmetric line R0M-B0 is R1, and R0>R1, and between the arc with radius R0 and the arc with radius R1 on both sides of the symmetric line R0M-B0, there is one transition arc R2, or more arcs are adopted instead of the arc R2, and all the arcs are adjacent to each other and connected to a smooth curve.

[0111] The arc with the maximum radius R0 is a pure arc, and other arcs may be replaced with curves that approximate the arcs, as long as the inertia force of the combination seal piece in contact with the other arcs or curves that approximate the arcs is not greater than a reasonable value, and this embodiment can achieve a satisfactory effect with the arcs, and furthermore, any curve may be replaced with adjacent adjacent arcs within a certain accuracy range.

[0112] The arcuate cylindrical surface having a maximum radius R0 has three grooves B2-3, which accommodate the radial seal strip B22 acting on the cylindrical inner wall B1-1 of the cylinder block, and the step in the groove B2-3 matches the stop step B22-1 of the radial seal strip B22, allowing the radial seal strip B22 to move radially. The three grooves B2-3 are biased toward the low pressure area on the arcuate cylindrical surface having a radius R0. An elastic material B23 is provided between the groove B2-3 and the radial seal strip B22, and the elastic material B23 allows the radial seal strip B22 to contact the cylindrical inner wall B1-1 of the cylinder block. If the sealing performance at extremely low rotation speeds can be ignored, for example, when used on the compression side, the elastic material B23 is not essential.

[0113] The three grooves B2-3 are specially designed with an arcuate cylindrical surface having a radius of R0, and the three grooves B2-3 and the radial seal strip B22 are positioned toward the low pressure area to minimize the compression clearance volume and improve volumetric efficiency. The clearance volume in this embodiment is close to the limit of 0, and the clearance surrounded by the combination seal piece, the cam rotor B2, and the cylindrical inner wall B1-1 of the cylinder block only has the necessary movement gap when the radial seal strip B22 approaches the inlet 1-2 of the check valve, and basically has no excess volume.

[0114] The rotor B2 has two annular grooves B2-1 and B2-2, and seal rings B25 and B27 in the grooves on both ends. Elastic seals B26 and B28 are provided between the bottom of the annular groove B2-1 and the bottom of the annular groove B2-2 and the seal rings B25 and B27. The cross sections of the seal rings B25 and B27 are square or rectangular. Alternatively, the seal rings B25 and B27 may be formed by winding a thin piece whose length is greater than the circumferential length of the annular groove, and both ends of the thin piece are gradually thinner. The elastic seal B26 may be an annular ring made of a thin-walled elastic metal tube used for the outer ring with a high temperature, and the elastic seal B28 may be a rubber ring used for the inner ring with a low temperature.

[0115] The pivot axis of the rotor B2 has a spline B2-4, and the part of the cam rotor B2 that moves away from the pivot axis needs to be hollowed out. Holes B2-6 are drilled on both sides of the rib plate B2-5, and there is also a counterweight B2-7 for dynamic balance purposes.

[0116] 5C and 5D, the cylinder block B1 has two cylindrical inner walls B1-1 that are symmetrical about the center, and two cam rotors B2 are respectively installed in the cylinder block B1, and the rotational axes of the cam rotors B2 are parallel to each other, and the connecting lines from the midpoint R0M of the arc with the maximum radius R0 to the rotational axis B0 of the cam rotor contour are also parallel to each other, and the rotational speed ratio between the shafts is 1:1. The rotational speed ratio between the shafts is realized by the two couplings B40, and the transmission method of the two couplings B40 is not shown in FIG. 5D. The front housing B1-2 communicates the two cylindrical inner walls B1-1 and houses the combination seal pieces, and the combination seal pieces adopt the embodiment of FIG. 1. The seal end faces of the two sets of main seal pieces and sub seal pieces mounted on the slider B10 contact the two cam rotors B2 in opposite directions. One end of the slider B10 receives a force acting on the seal end face of each seal piece from the cam rotor B2 on one side, and the other end receives a force acting on the seal end face of each seal piece from the cam rotor B2 on the other side. The slider B10 slides back and forth due to the action of these two forces, and the two cylindrical inner walls B1-1 form a rear housing chamber, and the two cam rotors B2 form a drive mechanism for the combined seal pieces.

[0117] The accommodation chamber B1-2 has four centrally symmetric grooves B1-3, and within the groove B1-3 are a sealing strip B20 and an elastic material B21. In a preferred embodiment, the sealing strip B20 has a triangular cross-sectional shape, occupies a small space, and is rationally coordinated with the biasing angle of the elastic material B21, and the biasing direction of the elastic material B21 is biased toward the low pressure area.

[0118] The two cam rotors B2 are considered to be in a conjugate relationship or an approximately conjugate relationship, and the contour error of the two cam rotors B2 can be compensated for through the elastic material B15 by the gap between the main seal piece B5 and the slider B10. The contours of the two cam rotors are designed according to a conjugate relationship or an approximately conjugate relationship. The so-called conjugate relationship or an approximately conjugate relationship means that when the two cam rotors B2 rotate according to a 1:1 rotation speed, the distance between the two main seal pieces B5 of the combined seal piece between the two cam rotors B2 does not change or approximately changes.

[0119] In the cylindrical inner wall B1-1 of the cylinder block, a variable volume is isolated by the cam rotor B2 and the combined seal piece. The inlet B1-5 of the working medium is on the low pressure area side separated by the combined seal piece. The valve is a check valve, which is in the accommodation chamber B3-3 in the cylinder head B3 on the high pressure area side separated by the combined seal piece. When the two cam rotors B2 rotate according to the direction of the arrow in FIG. 5C, the open volume on the low pressure area side periodically changes from small to large, and the working medium is sucked in, and at the same time, the volume of the closed accommodation chamber on the high pressure area side periodically changes from large to small, and the working medium is compressed. Every time the pressure of the working medium on the high pressure area side is able to push open the check valve, the working medium is pushed out from the inlet 1-2 of the check valve. This positive displacement machine is used to compress the working medium.

[0120] The lubrication passages pass through the bearings B31 on both sides and the holes B2-6 in the rotor B2, the oil inlet for the lubricating oil is in the pressure cap B32, and the oil return port is in the other pressure cap B33.

[0121] The cylinder head B3 and the cylinder head B4 each have three small recesses B3-2 and B4-2 on the surface facing the rotor B2, the small recesses B3-2 and B4-2 are located close to the cylindrical inner wall B1-1 of the cylinder block and can intermittently contact the lubricating oil in the seal ring B27 on both ends of the rotor, and B3-2 and B4-2 may be thin grooves, which are not shown in the figure. The lubricating oil not only provides lubrication, but also provides cooling and sealing functions.

[0122] The cooling surfaces are the hollow portions B3-1 and B4-1 in the cylinder heads B3 and B4, and the coolant that circulates in the hollow portions B3-1 and B4-1 can be poured in. The cylinder heads B3 and B4 also have a cooling effect on the cylinder block B1, and if the cylinder block B1 is sufficiently thick so that the increased temperature is too high, the cylinder block B1 may have hollow portions (not shown) in it.

[0123] In summary, the combined seal piece of the present application is multi-stage, which improves the sealing performance and reduces the internal leakage, and at the same time, the design of the cam rotor minimizes the compression clearance volume, and this positive displacement machine is used on the compression side, and even in the case of a single stage at high pressure, there is a satisfactory compression efficiency. In addition, the slider of the combined seal piece has a small mass and a small inertia force, and the inertia force is shared by one main seal piece and four sub seal pieces, so that it can operate at a high rotation speed or a wide rotation speed range.

[0124] Second embodiment of the positive displacement machine 6A, 6B, 6C, 6D and 6E, the positive displacement machine comprises a rotor D52, a cylinder block D51, and cylinder heads D53 and D54 on both sides of the cylinder block D51, and the rotor D52 is rotatably and eccentrically mounted in cylindrical inner walls D51-1, D51-2, D51-3 and D51-4 of the cylinder block via the cylinder heads D53 and D54 by an integral main shaft D80 and bearing D81.

[0125] The rotor D52 has a cylindrical body with a pivot axis passing through it and a receiving chamber D52-1 configured to receive a combination seal piece, and the combination seal piece together with the rotor D52 is called a combination seal piece rotor.

[0126] 6B, the rotor D52 has arcuate grooves D52-2, D52-3, and D52-4 on both ends, arcuate seals D61, D62, D63, D64, D65, and D66 in the grooves, and elastic seals D67, D68, and D69. The cross sections of the arcuate seals D61, D62, D63, D64, D65, and D66 are square but may be rectangular, and between the arcuate seals D61, D63, and D65 and the arcuate grooves D52-2, D52-3, and D52-4, there are recessed and protruding shapes D52-21, D52-31, and D52-41 that fix the arcuate seals D61, D63, and D65 at the circumference. The arc-shaped seals D61, D63, and D65 are overlapped and connected to the tail arc-shaped seals D62, D64, and D66, respectively. The elastic seals D67, D68, and D69 make the arc-shaped seals D61, D62, D63, D64, D65, and D66 contact the cylinder head D53 and the cylinder head D54, respectively. The cross section of the elastic seal D67 is a thin-walled elastic metal tube used for the outer ring with a high temperature, and the elastic seals D68 and D69 are rubber strips used for the inner ring with a low temperature.

[0127] Referring to the structure and shape of the mating seal pieces in FIG. 6E, they are similar to the mating seal pieces in FIG. 1, with the difference being in size.

[0128] Referring to FIG. 6B, the slider D60 and the main seal piece and the sub seal piece mounted thereon are located in the accommodating chamber D52-1, and the accommodating chamber D52-1 has six centrally symmetric grooves D52-5, and the grooves D52-5 have a seal strip D70 and an elastic material D71. The seal strip D70 may have a triangular cross-sectional shape, occupy a small space, and is reasonably coordinated with the biasing angle of the elastic material D71, and the biasing direction of the elastic material D71 is biased toward the low pressure area.

[0129] 6C and 6D, the cylindrical inner wall D51-1 of the cylinder block is an elliptical arc cylinder surface, and the rotation axis D0 of the rotor D52 is on the minor axis D51-5 of the ellipse, and has an eccentric distance of one section from the major axis D51-6 of the ellipse. The arc center line of the arc cylinder surface D51-2 overlaps with the rotation axis of the rotor D52, and the arc cylinder surface D51-2 and the elliptical arc cylinder surface D51-1 are adjacently connected to each other by two arcs or straight lines D51-3 and two arcs D51-4, respectively. If D51-3 is an arc, its radius is large, otherwise it cannot be connected to the arc D51-4, and if D51-3 is a straight line, it may be considered as an arc with an infinite radius.

[0130] The cylindrical inner wall of the cylinder block in this embodiment is basically based on an ellipse and has already reached ideal accuracy, and of course, instead of an ellipse, different adjacent circular arcs may be used and / or any curves may be adjacently adjacent, and the error can be automatically compensated for by the gap between the main seal piece D55 and the slider D60 through the elastic material between the main seal piece, the sub seal piece and the slider D60. The contour of the cylindrical inner wall of the cylinder block needs to be smooth in order to ensure that the combined seal piece is not subjected to the impact of excessive inertial force.

[0131] The arc column surface D51-2 has three grooves D51-21, which accommodate the radial seal strip D72 and the elastic material D73 acting on the rotor D52 of the combined seal piece, and the elastic material D73 allows the radial seal strip D72 to contact the rotor D52 of the combined seal piece, and the groove D51-21 and the radial seal strip D72 may have a stop step D72-1, allowing the radial seal strip D72 to move radially. The three grooves D51-21 are distributed in the middle of the arc column surface D51-2. The step D72-1 is on the high pressure area side, and the biasing direction of the elastic material D73 is biased toward the low pressure area side.

[0132] In the cylindrical inner wall D51-1, the cylindrical inner wall D51-2, the cylindrical inner wall D51-3 and the cylindrical inner wall D51-4 of the cylinder block, the variable volume is isolated by the rotor D52 of the combined seal piece and the radial seal strip D72 acting on the rotor of the combined seal piece, the working medium outlet D51-5 is in the cylinder block on the low pressure area side separated by the radial seal strip D72, the valve is an electromagnetic valve and is in the accommodation chamber D51-6 in the cylinder block on the high pressure area side, and the working medium inlet is D51-7. When the rotor D52 of the combined seal piece rotates according to the direction of the arrow in Figure 6D, the open volume on the low pressure area side periodically changes from large to small, the working medium that has already done the expansion work is discharged, and at the same time, the volume of the closed accommodation chamber on the high pressure area side periodically changes from small to large, and the working medium does the expansion work. Whenever one end of the combined seal piece comes close to the solenoid valve and the minimum sealed storage chamber on the high pressure area side is formed, the solenoid valve is turned on to allow the working medium to enter, and when the solenoid valve is turned off, the working medium stops entering. This positive displacement machine is used for the expansion work of the working medium.

[0133] The oil inlet for the lubricating oil is located in the pressure cap D82, and the lubricating oil passes through one side of the bearing D81 and one side of the end face of the rotor D52, and then passes through the oil hole D52-6 of the rotor D52 to reach the other side of the end face and the bearing D81, and the oil return port is located between the central hole of the other pressure cap D83 and the shaft.

[0134] The cooling surfaces are hollow portions D53-1 and D54-1 in the cylinder heads D53 and D54 into which the circulating coolant can be poured. The cylinder heads D53 and D54 also have a cooling effect on the cylinder block D51, and if the cylinder block D51 is sufficiently thick so that the increased temperature is too high, the cylinder block D51 may have hollow portions (not shown) in it.

[0135] To sum up, since the combined seal piece of the present application is multi-stage, it improves the sealing performance, reduces internal leakage, and at the same time, the design of the cylindrical inner wall of the cylinder block reduces the negative pressure volume. This positive displacement machine is used on the expansion side and has satisfactory efficiency even in a single stage at high pressure. Also, the slider of the combined seal piece has a small mass and a small inertial force, and the inertial force is shared by one main seal piece and four sub-seal pieces, so it can operate at a high rotational speed or within a wide rotational speed range.

[0136] The third embodiment of the positive displacement machine Referring to FIGS. 7A, 7B, 7C, and 7D, the positive displacement machine includes a rotor E2, a cylinder block E1, and cylinder heads E3 and E4 on both sides of the cylinder block E1. The rotor E2 is rotatably mounted in the cylindrical inner wall E1-1 of the cylinder block via the main shaft E30 and bearings E31 through the cylinder heads E3 and E4. The bearing E31 on the side of the cylinder head E4 is assembled by another cylinder head E54 that has an assembly relationship with the cylinder head E4. This is because it is considered that the rotor is not single in the axial direction.

[0137] The contour of the rotor E2 is olive-shaped, and the contour closest to the cylindrical inner wall E1-1 of the cylinder block of the rotor E2 is ,circle two arcs with a radius of R00 that overlap at the center and are centrosymmetric. The two arcs extend smoothly from the same side of the two arcs until they overlap, and in the extension process, the distance from each point of the contour to the pivot axis gradually decreases from the maximum value to the minimum value. As a way, on each side of the two arcs with a radius of R00, an arc with a radius of R11 is provided. The distance between the two endpoints of each arc with a radius of R11 and the adjacent arc with a radius of R00 is equal, and R11 > R00. The distance from the midpoint of the arc with a radius of R11 to the pivot axis < R00. Between the arc with a radius of R00 and the adjacent arc with a radius of R11, there is respectively one transition arc with a radius of R22, or more than one transition arc. All the arcs may be adjacent and tangent to each other and connected by a smooth curve.

[0138] The arc with radius R00 is a pure circular arc, and other arcs may be replaced by one or more curved lines. As long as the inertia force of the combined seal piece is not greater than a reasonable value, this embodiment can achieve a satisfactory effect with a circular arc. Furthermore, any curved line may be replaced by adjacent adjacent circular arcs within a certain accuracy range.

[0139] The two arcuate cylindrical surfaces with a radius of R00 each have three grooves E2-3, which accommodate the radial seal strip E22 acting on the cylindrical inner wall E1-1 of the cylinder block, and the step in the groove E2-3 matches the stop step E22-1 of the radial seal strip E22, and allows the radial seal strip E22 to move radially. The three grooves E2-3 are biased toward the low pressure area on the arcuate cylindrical surface with a radius of R00. An elastic material E23 is provided between the groove E2-3 and the radial seal strip E22, and the elastic material E23 allows the radial seal strip E22 to contact the cylindrical inner wall E1-1 of the cylinder block. If the sealing performance at extremely low rotation speeds can be ignored, for example, when used on the compression side, the elastic material E23 is not essential.

[0140] The arcuate cylindrical surface with a radius of R00 specially provided for the three grooves E2-3, as well as the positions of the three grooves E2-3 and the radial seal strip E22 biased toward the low pressure area, are intended to minimize the compression clearance volume and improve volumetric efficiency. The clearance volume in this embodiment is close to the limit of 0, and the clearance surrounded by the combination seal piece, the rotor E2, and the cylindrical inner wall E1-1 of the cylinder block only leaves the necessary movement gap when the radial seal strip E22 approaches the working medium outlet E1-6, and basically has no excess volume.

[0141] Each of the two end faces of the rotor E2 has two elliptical annular grooves E2-1, E2-2, and sealing rings E25 and E27 in the grooves, and further includes elastic seals E26 and E28 between the groove bottoms of the annular grooves E2-1 and E2-2 and the sealing rings E25 and E27, respectively, and the cross sections of the sealing rings E25 and E27 may be square or rectangular, or the sealing rings E25 and E27 may be formed by winding a thin piece whose length is greater than the circumference of the annular groove, and both ends of the thin piece are gradually thinner. The elastic seal E26 may be an annular ring made of a thin-walled elastic metal tube used for the outer ring with a high temperature, and the elastic seal E28 may be a rubber ring used for the inner ring with a low temperature.

[0142] The annular grooves E2-1 and E2-2 on both end faces of the rotor E2 may not be elliptical, and the rotor may have an outline similar to an olive shape, for example, formed of a plurality of circular arcs.

[0143] The rotor E2 has a spline E2-4 at its pivot point.

[0144] 7C, the cylinder block E1 has two centrally symmetric front receiving chambers E1-2, each of which is used to receive two combined seal pieces, and also has two centrally symmetric rear receiving chambers E1-7, each of which is used to receive the driving mechanism of the two combined seal pieces, and the driving mechanism is two centrally symmetric cams E11, which are driven by the main shaft E30 and the cam E11 at a rotation speed ratio of 1:1, the transmission method is not shown in this figure, and may be driven at a rotation speed ratio of 1:2, and the cam shape of the cam E11 is not centrally symmetric, but is not the shape shown. The rotor E2 and the cam E11 are linked with the roller follower in the combined seal piece and the slider of the combined seal piece, and are in a conjugate relationship.

[0145] The slider E10 of the combined seal piece is equipped with a roller follower E12, and one end of the slider E10 receives a force acting on the seal end face of each seal piece from the rotor E2, and the other end receives a force imparted to the roller follower E12 from the cam E11, and the slider E10 slides back and forth due to the action of these two forces.

[0146] Due to the shape of the cam E11, the main seal piece E5 is always in contact with the rotor E2, and there is basically no relative displacement between the main seal piece E5 and the slider E10. When the rotor E2 and the cam E11 rotate, the moving position of the roller follower E12 is determined; in other words, the cam E11 is designed according to a conjugate relationship.

[0147] In the cylindrical inner wall E1-1 of the cylinder block, a variable volume is isolated by the rotor E2 and the combined seal piece, and two working medium inlets E1-5 are respectively located on the low pressure area side separated by the two combined seal pieces. The two valves are check valves, and are respectively located in the working medium outlets E1-6 of the cylinder block on the high pressure area side separated by the two combined seal pieces. When the olive-shaped rotor E2 rotates according to the direction of the arrow in Figure 7C, the open volume on the low pressure area side periodically changes from small to large, and the working medium is sucked in, and at the same time, the volume of the sealed storage chamber on the high pressure area side periodically changes from large to small, and the working medium is compressed. Whenever the pressure of the working medium on the high pressure area side is able to push the check valve open, the working medium is pushed out of the check valve. This positive displacement machine is used to compress the working medium.

[0148] The oil inlet for the lubricating oil is located in the pressure cap E32, and the lubricating oil passes through one side of the bearing E31 and one end face of the rotor E2, then passes through the oil hole E2-5 of the rotor E2 to reach the other end face and the bearing E31, and the oil return port is located between the central hole of the other pressure cap E33 and the shaft.

[0149] The cylinder heads E3 and E4 each have two small recesses E3-2 and E4-2 on the surface facing the rotor E2, and the small recess E4-2 is as shown in Fig. 10E. The small recesses E3-2 and E4-2 are located close to the cylindrical inner wall E1-1 of the cylinder block, and at the same time, can intermittently contact the lubricating oil in the seal rings E27 on both end faces of the rotor. In addition to lubricating, the lubricating oil also serves the functions of cooling and sealing.

[0150] The cooling surfaces are hollows E3-1 and E4-1 in the cylinder heads E3 and E4, into which a circulating coolant can be poured. The cylinder heads E3 and E4 also have a cooling effect on the cylinder block E1, and may have hollows (not shown) inside if the cylinder block E1 is thick enough to raise the temperature too high.

[0151] The combined seal piece is as shown in Fig. 7D, and the structure and shape of the main seal piece, four sub seal pieces and elastic material are the same as those in Fig. 1. The slider E10 and the main seal piece and the sub seal piece mounted thereon are located in the receiving chamber E1-2, the receiving chamber E1-2 has four centrally symmetric grooves E1-3, the grooves E1-3 have a seal strip E20 and an elastic material E21, the seal strip E20 may have a triangular cross-sectional shape, occupy a small space, and is reasonably coordinated with the bias angle of the elastic material E21, and the bias direction of the elastic material E21 is biased toward the low pressure area.

[0152] In summary, the combined seal piece of the present application is multi-stage, which improves the sealing performance and reduces the internal leakage, and at the same time, the design of the cam rotor minimizes the compression clearance volume, and this positive displacement machine is used on the compression side, and has a satisfactory efficiency even with a single stage at high pressure. In addition, the slider of the combined seal piece has a small mass and small inertia, and can operate at high rotation speeds or in a wide range of rotation speeds by sharing the inertia force with one main seal piece and four sub seal pieces, and the structure itself has the dynamic balance condition, so it is very quiet at high rotation speeds.

[0153] Technical aspect 39 is A versatile fuel engine including a compression side positive displacement machine, an expansion side positive displacement machine, and a working medium heater, wherein an outlet of the compression side positive displacement machine is connected to an inlet of the working medium heater, and an outlet of the working medium heater is connected to an inlet of the expansion side positive displacement machine; a main shaft of the compression side positive displacement machine is operably connected to a main shaft of the expansion side positive displacement machine; Wherein, the compression side positive displacement machine adopts any one of the positive displacement machines according to any one of technical aspects 16 to 23, any one of technical aspects 24 to 30, or any one of technical aspects 31 to 38, wherein the opening is an inlet for the working medium of the compression side positive displacement machine, and the valve is a check valve of the compression side positive displacement machine; Among them, the expansion side positive displacement machine adopts a positive displacement machine according to any one of technical aspects 16 to 23, any one of technical aspects 24 to 30, or any one of technical aspects 31 to 38, wherein the opening is a working medium outlet of the expansion side positive displacement machine, and the valve is a control valve of the expansion side positive displacement machine.

[0154] Technical aspect 40 is a multi-fuel engine according to technical aspect 39, wherein the working medium heater is a combustion chamber equipped with a fuel nozzle and an ignition device, and optionally equipped with at least one of a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor.

[0155] Technical aspect 41 is the wide-fuel engine according to technical aspect 40, wherein the amount of fuel injected per revolution in the combustion chamber is smaller than or equal to the fuel blending amount of the theoretical air-fuel ratio.

[0156] Technical aspect 42 is a wide-fuel engine according to the technical aspect 41, in which the maximum combustion temperature per revolution of the combustion chamber is controlled by adjusting the amount of fuel injected per revolution, the duration of fuel injection per revolution, and the distribution state of the fuel in the combustion chamber, and the maximum combustion temperature is controlled within a range of thermal NOx permitted by regulations. X lower than the temperature at which maximum production occurs.

[0157] Technical aspect 43 is a wide-fuel engine according to any one of technical aspects 40 to 42, wherein the combustion chamber has at least two fuel nozzles, one of which transports fuel A and the second of which transports water and / or fuel B; or The combustion chamber has a single fuel nozzle having at least two inlets, one of which delivers Fuel A and a second of which delivers water and / or Fuel B.

[0158] Technical aspect 44 is a wide fuel engine according to Technical aspect 39, wherein the check valve has a stationary sealing surface relative to the cylinder block or the cylinder head, and an inlet for the working medium is located at the center of the stationary sealing surface, the check valve further has at least two plate-shaped sealing members stacked together, and there is a relative movement gap between the plate-shaped sealing members, and the plate-shaped sealing members are supported and their positions are restricted by a guide member, and the check valve further has an elastic member acting on the plate-shaped sealing member so that the plate-shaped sealing member approaches the stationary sealing surface, and the plate-shaped sealing member automatically separates from or comes into contact with the stationary sealing surface in accordance with the pressure difference on both sides, thereby realizing a one-way seal.

[0159] A fourth aspect of the present invention relates to a wide-fuel engine according to the third aspect of the present invention, wherein the control valve is a plug valve, and a valve element of the plug valve is driven by a shaft attached to a cylinder head, the shaft extends from the cylinder head and is driven by the main shaft at a fixed rotational speed ratio, the shaft is provided with a plurality of pressure equalizing grooves, an oil sump is provided between the shaft and the cylinder head, and sealing and lubrication are performed by oil in the oil sump, or the valve element of the plug valve is driven by an electromagnetic valve attached to the cylinder head. Module Driven by magnetic coupling Module The electromagnetic or magnetic coupling is driven by magnetism to separate the pressures of the inner and outer spaces with a housing or separator.

[0160] Technical aspect 46 is a wide fuel engine as described in Technical aspect 45, in which the overlap angle between the valve seat opening and the valve body opening of the plug valve is selected so that the compression ratio on the compression side reaches the design maximum value under the condition that the amount of fuel injected into the combustion chamber per rotation is maximized.

[0161] Technical aspect 47 is the wide-fuel engine according to Technical aspect 39, wherein the control valve is an electromagnetic valve and includes a sealing surface stationary against the cylinder block or the cylinder head, a valve stem, a valve stem guide, a disk-shaped sealing material attached to an end of the valve stem, a restoring elastic material, a first armature and a first electromagnet, and a second armature and a second electromagnet, wherein an outlet for the working medium is located at the center of the stationary sealing surface, and the current and on / off of the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet are controlled by an ECU, wherein when the solenoid valve is turned on, the first armature is first attracted by the first electromagnet, and then the second armature is attracted by the second electromagnet, and when the solenoid valve is turned off, the order is reversed.

[0162] Technical aspect 48 is the wide-fuel engine according to technical aspect 39, in which the disk-shaped seals are at least two in number and are fitted together, with a relative movement gap between the seals.

[0163] Technical Aspect 49 is a wide-fuel engine according to Technical Aspect 39, wherein the control valve is a gate valve and includes a seal surface stationary with respect to the cylinder block or cylinder head, and a gate plate, the gate plate includes a through hole, an accommodation chamber, and at least two plate-shaped seals housed therein and fitted together, the smallest of the at least two plate-shaped seals is a sheet-shaped seal without an accommodation chamber, and each of the plate-shaped seals except for the smallest has an accommodation chamber so as to house a plate-shaped seal material one stage smaller than the smallest, and there are radial and axial gaps between all the accommodation chambers and the plate-shaped seal materials housed therein and in direct contact with them, an outlet for the working medium is provided on the seal surface, and the gate valve further includes a gate plate drive device for driving the gate plate so that the through hole is connected to the outlet for the working medium, or the plate-shaped seal and the sheet-shaped seal close the outlet for the working medium to realize passage or blocking of the working medium.

[0164] Technical aspect 50, in a wide fuel engine according to any one of technical aspects 47 or 49, controls the pressure in the combustion chamber and thereby the compression ratio on the compression side by controlling the time when the solenoid valve or the gate valve is turned off after being turned on each time.

[0165] Technical aspect 51 is the wide-fuel engine according to technical aspect 39, in which the expansion work volume per revolution on the expansion side is greater than the compression volume per revolution on the compression side.

[0166] Technical aspect 52 is the wide-fuel engine according to technical aspect 39, in which at least one auxiliary output shaft is provided to provide power to a lubricating oil pump, a coolant pump, and the like.

[0167] Technical aspect 53 is a wide fuel engine according to technical aspect 39, in which the expansion side main shaft and the compression side main shaft are coaxial, or are connected by a coupling, or the expansion side main shaft is connected to the compression side main shaft by an overrunning clutch, and the compression side overtakes the expansion side.

[0168] Technical aspect 54 is a wide-fuel engine as described in technical aspect 53, in which an electric motor is connected to the compression side main shaft for starting the wide-fuel engine and / or for providing additional torque and power to the wide-fuel engine.

[0169] Technical aspect 55 is a wide-fuel engine as described in technical aspect 54, in which the electric motor also functions as a generator, or a separate generator is added and connected to the wide-fuel engine to generate electricity.

[0170] Technical aspect 56 is a wide fuel engine according to technical aspect 39, in which the compression side positive displacement machine is used in at least two stages connected in series, and / or the expansion side positive displacement machine is used in at least two stages connected in series.

[0171] Technical aspect 57 is the wide-fuel engine according to technical aspect 40, in which the volume of the combustion chamber is 0.02 to 0.9 times the volume of the largest sealed storage chamber on the compression side.

[0172] In technical embodiment 39, the working medium heater may be a heat exchanger that transfers the heat quantity of one type of heat source to the compressed working medium.

[0173] In embodiment 40, the ignition device is a spark plug or a glow plug, and the ignition device is activated at start-up or when the temperature in the combustion chamber is not sufficient to ignite the fuel.

[0174] In the technical aspect 41, the theoretical air-fuel ratio is also called the chemical equivalence ratio. The present application can implement combustion equal to the theoretical air-fuel ratio, lean combustion, and even ultra-lean combustion, and the amount of fuel injected per revolution is adjusted according to the torque and rotation speed required on the expansion side.

[0175] In technical aspect 42, NO X This refers to thermal nitrogen oxides, and the amount produced is significantly reduced when the combustion temperature is lower than 1800K. As the temperature drops further, NO XThe amount of NOx generated will be further reduced. The standards of regulations are dynamic, so the basis should be the regulations issued and implemented. The combustion temperature is directly related to the related factors such as the amount of fuel injected per revolution, the duration of fuel injection per revolution, and the distribution of fuel in the combustion chamber. The fuel injection can be in continuous mode, intermittent mode, or pulse mode. In the intermittent mode, each revolution consists of two periods of injection and injection stop, and in the pulse mode, each revolution consists of multiple very short injections. The fuel distribution in the combustion chamber is as dispersed as possible, burned at multiple points, and the temperature field is as uniform as possible. The distribution of fuel is related to the nozzle design and injection pressure, and the fuel can also be atomized by preheating. In technology, the combustion temperature can be controlled by controlling these related factors, and NOx can be reduced. X It is possible to achieve the purpose of controlling the concentration of, which belongs to open-loop control. A temperature detection means may be installed in the combustion chamber, and closed-loop control may be realized by feeding back the flame temperature.

[0176] In the technical aspect 43, the water is injected to appropriately lower the temperature of the combustion chamber and reduce NO X The purpose of this is to reduce the discharge of fuel and to mitigate the high temperature shock on the expansion side, and also to increase the work capacity of the working medium. Related technology also involves emulsifying the fuel, which has a similar purpose, but the water ratio cannot be flexibly adjusted. The use of fuel B utilizes one of the characteristics of fuel B, such as the characteristic of making it easier to start a cold engine. The purpose of cleaning and maintenance can also be achieved by transporting a cleaning agent or an acid or alkaline neutralizing agent through one fuel nozzle or one intake.

[0177] In technical aspect 44, the stationary sealing surface and the mating surface of the disk-shaped seal may be a conical surface, an elliptical conical surface or a flat surface, and two or more disk-shaped seals are used to realize two or more stages of sealing, so that the pressure is shared and borne by the multiple disk-shaped seals, the leakage is reduced, and it is easy to turn on in stages. The number of check valves is not limited to one, and the number of check valves should be determined after considering the flow rate and resistance conditions through the check valves.

[0178] In the technical aspect 45, the rotation speed ratio of the plug valve and the main shaft of the double-acting expansion positive displacement machine is 1:1, and the rotation speed ratio of the plug valve and the main shaft of the single-acting expansion positive displacement machine is 1:2. When each storage chamber sucks and discharges twice per rotation, it is double-acting, and when each storage chamber sucks and discharges once per rotation, it is single-acting.

[0179] In the technical aspect 46, after the rotation speed ratio between the valve body and the main shaft is determined, the through overlap angle between the valve seat opening and the valve body opening of the plug valve, that is, the angle that the valve body rotates in the process from the start of the introduction of the working medium to the cutoff of the working medium, determines the initial volume of the expansion side, and if the fuel injected for each rotation of the combustion chamber does not change, the pressure of the combustion chamber is also determined, and further, the volume of the minimum sealed storage chamber at the time immediately before the check valve on the compression side is turned on is determined, and finally, the compression ratio of the compression side is determined. If fuel is not injected within a certain time, under the same pressure conditions, the volume of the working medium pressed into the combustion chamber from the compression side is basically equal to the initial volume of the expansion side. If fuel is injected, the initial volume of the expansion side is larger than the volume of the working medium pressed into the combustion chamber from the compression side, and since the initial volume of the expansion side does not change, the volume of the working medium pressed into the combustion chamber from the compression side becomes smaller, and both are compared under the same pressure conditions. The amount of fuel injected per revolution affects the compression ratio. When the maximum amount of fuel is injected into the combustion chamber per revolution, the compression ratio reaches its maximum value. This maximum value is the maximum design value after optimization taking into consideration comprehensive factors such as thermal efficiency, according to the strength design and normal operating conditions of the volumetric machine, and this maximum value is generally greater than 18.

[0180] In Technical Aspect 47, the stationary seal surface and the mating surface of the disk-shaped seal material may be a conical surface, an elliptical conical surface, or a flat surface.

[0181] In technical aspect 48, two or more disk-shaped seals can realize two or more stages of sealing, so that the pressure is shared and borne by the multiple disk-shaped seals, leakage is reduced, and it is easy to open in stages.

[0182] In the technical aspect 50, the compression ratio is a design value after optimization in consideration of comprehensive factors such as thermal efficiency according to the strength design and actual operating state of the volumetric machine, and this design value is generally greater than 10. A specific operation method is to calculate the initial volume on the expansion side according to the fuel injection amount per revolution and the design value of the compression ratio corresponding to the fuel injection amount, and turn off the solenoid valve or gate valve at the time when the initial volume is reached, which belongs to open-loop control. A feedback value of a pressure sensor may be input and closed-loop control may be performed by an ECU. The timing to turn on the solenoid valve or gate valve is determined by the position of the rotor relative to the inlet of the working medium, and every time the time comes just before the minimum sealed storage chamber on the high-pressure area side of the expansion side is formed and expands, the solenoid valve or gate valve is turned on and the working medium enters, and when the solenoid valve or gate valve is turned off, the inflow of the working medium stops. 。

[0183] In the technical embodiment 51, the reasonable expansion ratio between the expansion side volume and the compression side volume is determined by circumstances such as the normal operating state and the air-fuel ratio, and is generally greater than or equal to 1 and less than 3.

[0184] In technical aspect 52, at least one auxiliary output shaft may be directly connected to various loads, or may first operate a generator to generate electricity and then drive various loads with the electricity.

[0185] In the technical aspect 53, the expansion side main shaft and / or the compression side main shaft are provided with a toothed disk, and a position sensor is provided at a position corresponding to the toothed disk, and the signal is input to the ECU for feedback and control. The timing of fuel injection, the duration of injection, the idle speed and rotation speed, etc. are controlled.

[0186] In technical embodiment 54, if the expansion side main shaft and the compression side main shaft are coaxial or connected by a coupling, there is no substantial difference between whether the motor is connected to the expansion side or the compression side, and both may be considered to be connected to the compression side. If the expansion side main shaft and the compression side main shaft are connected by an overrunning clutch, there is a difference in the position of the motor, and the motor can only be connected to the compression side, in which case the compression side can overtake the expansion side by driving the motor, not only can it provide additional torque and power to the wide-fuel engine, but it can also overtake the rotation speed of the expansion side to increase the amount of intake air and fuel injection, and provide greater torque and power.

[0187] In technical embodiment 55, the generator is further equipped with a battery and a battery management system.

[0188] In the technical aspect 56, if there is no restriction on mass and space or if the maximum pressure of the working medium is particularly high, the thermal efficiency can be improved by using them in series connection. The order of the size of the volumes before and after the serially connected positive displacement machines is different, and the compression side has a large volume before and a small volume after, while the expansion side has a small volume before and a large volume after.

[0189] In the technical aspect 57, the volume of the combustion chamber may be 0.02 to 0.9 times the volume of the largest sealed storage chamber on the compression side, for example, 0.06 to 0.3 times. The volume of the combustion chamber includes the volume from the rear of the check valve to the front of the control valve, and is small on the premise of ensuring continuous and complete combustion of the fuel, thereby reducing the volume of the combustion chamber and the heat dissipation area.

[0190] First embodiment of a wide-fuel engine 8A, 8B, 8C, 8D, 8E, 8F, 8G, 8H, and 5A, 5B, 5C, 5D, 5E, 5F. The wide-fuel engine includes a compression-side positive displacement machine B000 and an expansion-side positive displacement machine B500, and the working medium heater is a combustion chamber B45. An exhaust port B3-3 of the compression-side positive displacement machine B000 is connected to an inlet B45-1 of the combustion chamber B45, and an exhaust port B45-2 of the combustion chamber B45 is connected to an inlet B51-6 of the expansion-side positive displacement machine B500.

[0191] The compression side positive displacement machine B000 and the expansion side positive displacement machine B500 are integrally connected by a housing B44. The expansion side main shaft B80 and the compression side main shaft B30 are connected by a coupling B40.

[0192] The compression side positive displacement machine B000 adopts the first embodiment shown in Figures 5A, 5B, 5C, 5D, 5E, and 5F. The opening is an inlet B1-5 for the working medium, and the valve is a check valve.

[0193] 5D and 8D, the check valve includes an insert 1 fitted in the discharge port B3-3 of the cylinder head B3, the insert 1 has a sealing surface 1-1 that is stationary relative to the cylinder head B3, and the center of the sealing surface 1-1 has an inlet 1-2. The inlet 1-2 is not a circle but an oblate circle surrounded by two arcs and two straight lines because it is used in the cylinder head B3 and has a limited radial size. The check valve further includes three plate-shaped seals 2, 3, and 4 that are stacked together, and there are relative movement gaps between the plate-shaped seals 2, 3, and 4. The plate-shaped seals 4 have a guide sleeve 5 between them and the guide 7, and are supported and positioned by the guide 7. The guide 7 has a plurality of holes 7-1 on its circumference that can pass the working medium pressed in from the compression side, and the holes 7-1 have a heat insulating layer 7-3. The guide member 7 has a receiving chamber 7-2 for receiving the elastic material 6 acting on the plate-shaped seal member 4 so that the plate-shaped seal member 2, the plate-shaped seal member 3, and the plate-shaped seal member 4 approach the stationary seal surface 1-1, and the plate-shaped seal member 2, the plate-shaped seal member 3, and the plate-shaped seal member 4 automatically separate or contact with the stationary seal surface 1-1 according to the pressure difference between the two sides, thereby realizing one-way sealing. The guide member 7 has a heat transfer function, so that the temperature of the elastic material 6 does not become too high. The guide sleeve 5 is provided mainly to optimize the space of the elastic material 6. The apex of the maximum diameter point of the plate-shaped seal member 2, the plate-shaped seal member 3, and the plate-shaped seal member 4 is rounded with an arc R for the purpose of equalizing the air pressure around the circumference of the plate-shaped seal member 2, the plate-shaped seal member 3, and the plate-shaped seal member 4, which is advantageous for sealing.

[0194] The mating surfaces of the stationary sealing surface 1-1 and the disk-shaped sealing material 2, disk-shaped sealing material 3, and disk-shaped sealing material 4 may be conical surfaces, elliptical conical surfaces, or flat surfaces. The three disk-shaped sealing materials realize a three-stage seal, and the pressure is shared and borne by the three disk-shaped sealing materials, and the pressure difference between the front and rear of each disk-shaped sealing material is small, so that leakage is small and it is easy to open in stages.

[0195] The structure of the expansion side positive displacement machine B500 is similar to that of the compression side positive displacement machine B000, but differs in that the opening is a working medium outlet B51-5, the valve is a plug valve, the axial width of the cylinder block B51, the cam rotor B52 and the slider B60 is larger than that of the compression side, the slider B60 and the main seal piece and the sub seal piece mounted thereon are the same in length and thickness as the slider B10 on the compression side and the main seal piece and the sub seal piece mounted thereon, and the shape and structure are similar, only the width is different, see FIG. 1.

[0196] The two main shafts B80 of the expansion side positive displacement machine B500 realize a rotational speed ratio of 1:1 through the gears B82 and the transition gears B84, and the two main shafts B30 of the compression side positive displacement machine B000 are connected to the two main shafts B80 through the two couplings B40, also realizing a rotational speed ratio of 1:1. The transition gear B84 is fitted and attached to the shaft B83, and the output shaft B85 is connected to the transition gear B84.

[0197] 8E, the plug valve includes a valve seat 51, a valve body 52, a shaft 53, a coupling 55 and an elastic material 56 between the valve body 52 and the shaft 53, and a gear B65, the valve seat 51 is fitted in the receiving chamber B51-7 of the cylinder block B51, a part of the shaft 53 is in the receiving chamber B54-1 of the cylinder head B54, and another part of the shaft 53 extends from the receiving chamber B54-1 and is connected to the gear B65 which is coaxial with the shaft 53, a mechanical seal 54 is provided between the shaft 53 and the receiving chamber B54-1, the receiving chamber is formed by the mechanical seal 54, and a lubricating oil is injected to form an oil sump, the shaft 53 has a number of pressure equalizing grooves 53-1 for lubrication and sealing by the lubricating oil in the oil sump, the pressure equalizing grooves 53-1 may be helical, but the helical direction must match the rotation direction of the valve body 52. ​​The oil sump has an oil supply device not shown.

[0198] The opening angle of the valve seat 51 is α, the opening angle of the valve body 52 is β, and the sum of α and β is the through-hole overlap angle. By selecting the magnitude of this through-hole overlap angle, the compression ratio on the compression side reaches the design maximum value under the condition that the maximum amount of fuel is injected into the combustion chamber per rotation.

[0199] 8G and 8B, the gear B65 is driven by the gear B80-1 attached to the main shaft B80, the gear B80-1 and the gear B65 have a gear ratio of 1:2 and a rotational speed ratio of 2:1, and the two are meshed by the transition gear B66, which is attached to the shaft B62-1 of the bearing cover B62 by a bearing. The valve body 52 of the plug valve is transmitted by this set of gears, and the relative angle between the valve body 52 and the valve seat 51 needs to be specially designed, and begins to penetrate at the time when the smallest sealed storage chamber on the expansion side is formed. The plug valve is a control valve controlled by a machine.

[0200] 8C, the combustion chamber B45 is equipped with a fuel nozzle B46, an ignition device B47, a pressure sensor B48, and a temperature sensor B49, and the pressure and temperature signals are input to the ECU for feedback and control. The combustion chamber B45 is lined with a heat-resistant and heat-insulating layer (not shown).

[0201] The fuel nozzle B46 of the combustion chamber B45 has two inlets B46-1 and B46-2, the inlet B46-1 delivering fuel and the inlet B46-2 delivering water, the amount of fuel and water delivered per revolution being controlled by the ECU.

[0202] The compression-side main shaft B30 has two output shafts B30A and B30B, and the output shaft B30B provides power to a lubricating oil pump, a coolant pump, etc., which are not shown.

[0203] A toothed disk B40-1 is attached to the coupling B40 in a position corresponding to a position of a position sensor B42 attached to a housing B44, and a signal from the position sensor B42 is input to the ECU for feedback and control.

[0204] An electric motor B39 is connected to the output shaft B30A, and may be configured to start the wide-fuel engine and provide additional torque and power to the wide-fuel engine. The electric motor B39 is fixed to the cylinder head B4 by a housing B43. The electric motor B39 is a permanent magnet synchronous motor, and also functions as a generator, and is used to generate electricity when necessary.

[0205] Second embodiment of a wide-fuel engine 9A, 9B, 9C, 9D, 9E, 9F, and 6A, 6B, 6C, 6D, 6E. The versatile fuel engine includes a compression side positive displacement machine D000 and an expansion side positive displacement machine D500, the working medium heater is a combustion chamber D45, the exhaust port D1-3 of the compression side positive displacement machine D000 is connected to an inlet D45-1 of the combustion chamber D45, and the exhaust port D45-2 of the combustion chamber D45 is connected to an inlet D51-7 of the expansion side positive displacement machine D500.

[0206] The compression side volumetric machine D000 and the expansion side volumetric machine D500 are connected together by a housing D44, and the main shaft D30 of the compression side volumetric machine D000 and the main shaft D80 of the expansion side volumetric machine D500 are connected by a driven disc D40 and a driving disc D41 of an overrunning clutch, and in the case of overrunning, the driven disc D40 overtakes the driving disc D41.

[0207] The expansion side positive displacement machine D500 adopts the second embodiment as shown in Figs. 6A, 6B, 6C, 6D and 6E, the opening is a working medium outlet D51-5, and the valve is an electromagnetic valve.

[0208] 9D, the solenoid valve includes an insert 61 fitted in the receiving chamber D51-6 of the cylinder block D51, a valve stem 62, a valve stem guide 63, disk-shaped seals 64 and 65 attached to the valve stem end, a return elastic member 67, a first armature 68, a first electromagnet 69, a second armature 70, and a second electromagnet 71. Holes that allow the working medium to pass are distributed around the circumference of the valve stem guide 63.

[0209] The insulating material 72 serves the function of insulating and auxiliary guiding the valve stem 62. The first armature 68 is fitted and attached to the valve stem 62. The elastic material 73 allows the first armature 68 to approach the buffer sleeve 66 when the first electromagnet 69 is not energized. The second armature 70 is fixed together with the valve stem 62.

[0210] Referring to FIG. 9E, the on / off of the current of the first electromagnet 69 and the second electromagnet 71 is controlled by the ECU, and the solenoid valve is turned on at the time when the smallest sealed accommodation chamber on the expansion side is formed. In the process of turning on, the first armature 68 is first attracted by the first electromagnet 69, and then the second armature 70 is attracted by the second electromagnet 71, the first armature 68 and the buffer sleeve 66 are separated, and the plate-shaped seal 64 and the plate-shaped seal 65 are separated from the seal surface 61-1 stationary against the cylinder block D51 of the insert 61, and the working medium that does work passes through. When the solenoid valve is turned off, the order is reversed. The working area of ​​the first armature 68 and the first electromagnet 69 is large, and the attraction force is large, which can overcome the resistance when turned on.

[0211] There is a relative movement gap between the disk-shaped seals 64 and 65, which realizes a two-stage seal, reduces leakage, and is easy to open step by step.

[0212] The time when the solenoid valve is turned on and then turned off is controlled to control the pressure in the combustion chamber, thereby controlling the compression ratio on the compression side.

[0213] 9C, the compression side positive displacement machine D000 is similar in structure to the expansion side positive displacement machine D500, but mainly differs in the following points: the opening is the inlet D1-5 of the working medium, the valve is a check valve, the axial width and radial size of the cylinder block D1, the rotor D2 of the combined seal piece, the slider D10 and the main seal piece and the sub seal piece mounted thereon are smaller than those of the expansion side, but the shape structure is similar, and the radial seal strip D22 and the elastic material D23 are not distributed symmetrically on the short axis of the ellipse, and there are three radial seal strips D22 and elastic materials D23, one is on the short axis of the ellipse and the other two are on the low pressure area side, the clearance volume of this embodiment is close to the limit of 0, and only the necessary moving clearance is left when the rotor of the combined seal piece approaches the inlet 11-2 of the check valve, and there is basically no excess volume.

[0214] Referring to Figure 9F, the check valve is essentially the same as Figure 8D, except that the inlet 11-2 is a circle instead of an oblate oval, and has a smaller clearance volume. The check valve is in the outlet D1-3 of the cylinder block D1.

[0215] 9B and 9C, the combustion chamber D45 is equipped with a fuel nozzle D46, an ignition device D47, a pressure sensor D48, and a temperature sensor D49, and the pressure and temperature signals are input to the ECU for feedback and control. The combustion chamber D45 is lined with a heat-resistant and heat-insulating layer D45-3.

[0216] The fuel nozzle D46 of the combustion chamber D45 has two inlets D46-1 and D46-2, the inlet D46-1 transports fuel and the inlet D46-2 transports water, and the amount of fuel and water transported per revolution is controlled by the ECU.

[0217] A gear D84 is attached to the main shaft D80 on the expansion side, and power is transmitted to a gear D86 attached to the housing D44 via a transition gear D85 attached to the cylinder head D54. The gear D86 is connected to power units D87 and D88, which can drive a lubricating oil pump and a coolant pump, etc., and can also assist in starting the expansion side only when the phase of the solenoid valve with a rotational speed of zero does not match that of the rotor, and the power units D87 and D88 are at least one of an electric motor or a generator.

[0218] The overrunning clutch comprises a driven disc D40 and a driven disc D41, with toothed discs D40-1 and D41-1 respectively positioned corresponding to the positions of position sensors D42-1 and D42-2 mounted on a housing D44, and signals from the position sensors D42-1 and D42-2 are input to the ECU for feedback and control.

[0219] An electric motor D39 is connected to the compression side output shaft D30, and the electric motor D39 may be configured to start the wide-fuel engine and provide additional torque and power to the wide-fuel engine, and can also overtake the rotation speed of the expansion side, increase the amount of air intake and fuel injection, and provide greater torque and power. The electric motor D39 is fixed to the cylinder head D4 by a housing D43. The electric motor D39 is a permanent magnet synchronous motor, and also functions as a generator, and is used to generate electricity when necessary.

[0220] Third embodiment of a wide-fuel engine 10A, 10B, 10C, 10D, 10E, 10F, 10G, and 7A, 7B, 7C, 7D. The wide-fuel engine includes a compression-side positive displacement machine E000, an expansion-side positive displacement machine E500, and an expansion-side positive displacement machine E700, and the working medium heater is a combustion chamber E45, and the exhaust port E1-8 of the compression-side positive displacement machine E000 is connected to the inlet E45-1 of the combustion chamber E45, and the exhaust port E45-2 and the exhaust port E45-3 of the combustion chamber E45 are connected to the inlet E51-6 and the inlet E71-6 of the expansion-side positive displacement machine E500 and the expansion-side positive displacement machine E700, respectively.

[0221] The compression side positive displacement machine E000, the expansion side positive displacement machine E500, and the expansion side positive displacement machine E700 are connected together by a cylinder head E4 and a cylinder head E54. The expansion side main shaft and the compression side main shaft E30 are coaxial.

[0222] The compression side positive displacement machine E000 adopts a third embodiment as shown in Figures 7A, 7B, 7C and 7D. The opening is an inlet E1-5 for the working medium, and the valve is a check valve.

[0223] 7C and 10C, the insert 21 is located in the outlet E1-6 for the working medium, and there is a relative movement gap between the two plate-shaped seals 22 and 23 that are stacked together. The plate-shaped seal 23 is supported and positioned by a guide 27. The guide 27 has a circumference with a plurality of holes through which the working medium can pass when it is pressed in from the compression side. The elastic member 26 acting on the plate-shaped seal 23 is located behind the heat insulating member 28, and a force is applied to the plate-shaped seal 23 by a push rod 25, and in this embodiment, the temperature of the elastic member 26 is not too high.

[0224] The expansion side positive displacement machine E500, E700 is similar in structure to the compression side positive displacement machine E000, but differs mainly in the following points: the openings are the working medium outlet E51-5 and the working medium outlet E71-5, the valves are plug valves, the sum of the axial widths of the cylinder block E51, the cylinder block E71, the rotor E52, the rotor E72, and the slider E60, the slider E80 is larger than that of the compression side, the slider E60, E80 and the main seal piece, the sub seal piece mounted thereon are the same in length and thickness as the slider E10 on the compression side and the main seal piece, the sub seal piece mounted thereon are the same in shape and structure, and only the width is different, see FIG. 7D.

[0225] 10D, the plug valve includes a valve seat 61, a valve seat 63, a valve body 62, and a valve body 64. An elastic member 66 is provided between the valve body 62 and the valve body 64, and they are connected by a coupling 65. An elastic member 68 is provided between the valve body 64 and a shaft 69, and they are connected by a coupling 67. The shaft 69 is connected to a coaxial gear E65.

[0226] The magnitude of the overlap angle between the valve seat 61 and the valve body 62 is selected, and the magnitude of the overlap angle between the valve seat 63 and the valve body 64 is selected, so that the compression ratio on the compression side reaches the design maximum value under the condition that the maximum amount of fuel is injected into the combustion chamber per rotation.

[0227] The rotor E52 and the rotor E72 are offset from each other by 90°, and the valve body 62 and the valve body 64 are also offset from each other by 90°.

[0228] 7C, 10A, 10D, 10G, the main shaft E30 is fitted with a gear E63, which drives two gears E65 through two transitional gears E64, and the gear E65 drives the gear E66. The gears E63, E65, and E66 have the same number of teeth, so the rotation speed ratio is 1:1. The gear E65 is connected to the shaft 69 of the plug valve, and the valve body 62 and valve body 64 of the plug valve are transmitted by this set of gears, and the relative angles of the valve body 62 and valve body 64 and the valve seat 61 and valve seat 63 need to be specially designed, and start to penetrate at the time when the minimum volume of the sealed storage chamber on the expansion side is formed. The plug valve is a control valve controlled by a machine. The gear E66 is connected to the cam E11, the cam E61, and the cam E81 to drive the combined seal piece.

[0229] 10B, the combustion chamber E45 is equipped with a fuel nozzle E46, an ignition device E47, and a pressure sensor E48, and the pressure signal is input to the ECU for feedback and control. The fuel nozzle E46 of the combustion chamber E45 has two inlets E46-1 and E46-2, the inlet E46-1 delivers fuel and the inlet E46-2 delivers water, and the amount of fuel and water delivered per revolution is controlled by the ECU.

[0230] Select one part with a rotational speed ratio of 1:1 with the spindle E30, the part is equipped with a toothed disk, and there is a position sensor corresponding to the part, the signal is input to the ECU for feedback and control, the toothed disk and the position sensor are not shown.

[0231] An electric motor E39 is connected to the main shaft E30 and is used to start the wide-fuel engine and can also provide additional torque and power to the wide-fuel engine. The electric motor E39 is fixed to the cylinder head E54 by a housing E43. The electric motor E39 is a permanent magnet synchronous motor and also functions as a generator, and is used to generate electricity when necessary. The lubricating oil pump, the coolant pump, etc. are electrically driven and are not shown in the figure.

[0232] First embodiment of a gate valve that can be used in a wide range of fuel engines 11A, a gate valve usable in a wide-fuel engine includes a sealing surface 70 that is stationary relative to a cylinder block or cylinder head, a gate plate 73, and a surface 74 that prevents the gate plate 73 from moving away from the sealing surface 70. The gate plate 73 has an accommodation chamber 73-1 capable of accommodating a plate-shaped sealing material 72, and the plate-shaped sealing material 72 also has an accommodation chamber 72-1 capable of accommodating a sheet-shaped sealing material 71. The gate plate 73, the plate-shaped sealing material 72, and the sheet-shaped sealing material 71 are stacked together in a skewered manner, and there are minute radial and axial gaps between each of the adjacent ones. The stationary seal surface 70 has an outlet 70-1 for the working medium, and when the gate plate 73 moves to move the seal 72 and the sheet-like seal 71 to cover the outlet 70-1 for the working medium, the working medium is blocked off and high pressure is borne by the gate plate 73, the plate-like seal 72, and the sheet-like seal 71, respectively, and the pressure gradually decreases step by step, and the amount of leakage is reduced due to the not large pressure difference before and after each step. When the gate plate 73 moves to connect its through hole 73-3 to the outlet 70-1 for the working medium, the working medium passes through. These two positions are shown in the figure.

[0233] In a preferred embodiment, the sheet-shaped sealing material 71 has a chamfer or arc angle 71-1, the plate-shaped sealing material 72 has a chamfer or arc angle 72-11 and a chamfer or arc angle 72-2, and the containing chamber 73-1 has a chamfer or arc angle 73-11, whose function is to equalize pressure around the circumference, which is advantageous for each plate-shaped sealing material to approach the sealing surface 70 with uniform pressure.

[0234] As a preferred embodiment, there are elastic flakes between the sheet-like sealing material 71 and the storage chamber 72-1, and between the plate-like sealing material 72 and the storage chamber 73-1. There are many usable shapes, but they are not shown in the figure. The elastic flakes are made of a high-temperature resistant material.

[0235] The gate plate 73 further has an opening chamber 73-2, and the gate plate drive device acts on the opening chamber 73-2. The gate plate drive device may be an electromagnetic type, such as an electromagnet or a linear motor, or may be a mechanical type, such as the drive of the plug valve described above, and may have a sealing device extending from the external normal pressure area to the internal high pressure area. The gate plate drive device is not shown.

[0236] Second embodiment of gate valve usable for wide-fuel engines 11B, a gate valve usable in a wide-fuel engine includes a seal surface 80 that is stationary relative to a cylinder block or cylinder head, a gate plate 84, and a surface 85 that prevents the gate plate 84 from moving away from the seal surface 80. The gate plate 84 has an accommodation chamber 84-1 that penetrates and can accommodate a plate-shaped sealing material 83, the plate-shaped sealing material 83 has an accommodation chamber 83-1 that can accommodate a plate-shaped sealing material 82, and the plate-shaped sealing material 82 also has an accommodation chamber 82-1 that can accommodate a sheet-shaped sealing material 81. The gate plate 84, the plate-shaped sealing material 83, the plate-shaped sealing material 82, and the sheet-shaped sealing material 81 are stacked together in a skewered manner, and there are minute radial and axial gaps between each of the adjacent ones. The stationary seal surface 80 has an outlet 80-1 for the working medium, and when the gate plate 84 moves to move the plate-shaped seal 83, the plate-shaped seal 82, and the sheet-shaped seal 81 to cover the outlet 80-1 for the working medium, the working medium is blocked off and high pressure is borne by the plate-shaped seal 83, the plate-shaped seal 82, and the sheet-shaped seal 81, respectively, and the pressure gradually decreases step by step, and the amount of leakage is reduced due to the small pressure difference before and after each step. When the gate plate 84 moves to connect its through hole 84-3 to the outlet 80-1 for the working medium, the working medium passes through. These two positions are shown in the figure. The outlet 80-1 for the working medium is an elongated hole that corresponds to the shape of the sheet-shaped seal 81.

[0237] In a preferred embodiment, the sheet-shaped sealing material 81 has a chamfer or arc angle 81-1, the plate-shaped sealing material 82 has a chamfer or arc angle 82-11 and a chamfer or arc angle 82-2, and the plate-shaped sealing material 83 has a chamfer or arc angle 83-11 and a chamfer or arc angle 83-2, and their function is to equalize pressure around the circumference, which is advantageous for each plate-shaped material to approach the sealing surface 80 with uniform pressure.

[0238] As a preferred embodiment, there are elastic flakes between the sheet-like sealing material 81 and the storage chamber 82-1, and between the plate-like sealing material 82 and the storage chamber 83-1. There are many usable shapes, and they are not shown in the figure. The elastic flakes are made of a high-temperature resistant material.

[0239] The gate plate 84 further has an opening chamber 84-2, and the gate plate drive device acts on the opening chamber 84-2. The gate plate drive device may be an electromagnetic type, such as an electromagnet or a linear motor, or may have a mechanical type, such as the drive of the plug valve described above, and may have a sealing device from the external normal pressure area to the internal high pressure area. The gate plate drive device is not shown.

[0240] In these two gate valve embodiments, the resistance of the working medium passing through is small, the driving force of the gate plate is not large, the processing is easy, the cost is low and the operation is reliable.

[0241] The three broad fuel engine embodiments presented herein have at least the following features:

[0242] Since the fuel is burned in a specific combustion chamber and there is no detonation problem in the crank piston gasoline engine, the compression ratio is not limited by detonation. The combined seal piece of the present application adopts a multi-stage seal, and the clearance volume of the positive displacement machine is reduced to a limit close to zero, so that the pressure and volume efficiency of the compression side can be improved, and a foundation is laid for improving and optimizing the compression ratio. It is expected that the compression ratio of the present application can reach or exceed that of a diesel engine, and the thermal efficiency of 46% of the mainstream diesel engine can be reached or exceeded.

[0243] Since the compression side and the expansion side are performed in different volume spaces, the expansion work volume per revolution of the expansion side can be arbitrarily larger than the compression volume per revolution of the compression side, and it can embody the superiority of thermal efficiency over the Atkinson cycle imitated by the crank piston gasoline engine. It is expected that the thermal efficiency can be improved by about 6% by this term alone.

[0244] Since the fuel is burned in a specific combustion chamber, the time window of the fuel is sufficiently long, the temperature fluctuation is small, there is no quenching phenomenon, there is no dead angle or leakage, and the fuel can be fully burned compared with the crank piston type internal combustion engine. The amount of fuel injected per revolution is smaller than or equal to the fuel blend amount of the theoretical air-fuel ratio, which not only creates conditions for lean combustion and even ultra-lean combustion, but also has the opportunity to burn CO, HC, particulate matter, etc. in the combustion chamber without generating any or after generating a small amount. It is expected that the sufficient combustion of the fuel will bring about sufficient utilization of the heat, improve the thermal efficiency, and also improve the emission of CO, HC, and particulate matter. Since the fuel has already been fully burned in the combustion chamber before the working medium that does the work enters the expansion side, the heat will do work during the entire process of the expansion side volume expansion, and the thermal efficiency will also be improved.

[0245] Since the fuel is burned in a specific combustion chamber, the control of the combustion temperature is easier to manipulate. By adjusting the amount of fuel injected per revolution, the duration of fuel injection per revolution, and the distribution of fuel in the combustion chamber, the maximum combustion temperature per revolution of the combustion chamber can be controlled, and NOx can be reduced from the ground up. X In addition, it is expected that sufficient combustion of fuel will simplify or even eliminate exhaust aftertreatment devices, reduce exhaust resistance, and improve thermal efficiency.

[0246] Since the fuel is burned in a specific combustion chamber, the engine is very fuel tolerant, and can use non-fossil fuels such as biodiesel, methanol and hydrogen in addition to gasoline, diesel, kerosene and heavy oil.

[0247] Water is used in the combustion chamber to lower the temperature of the combustion chamber and reduce NO X This can reduce the exhaust gas discharge, reduce the excessively high temperature shock on the expansion side, and further increase the work capacity of the working medium.

[0248] The valve train system is greatly simplified, and pump losses and mechanical friction losses are reduced. This alone is expected to improve thermal efficiency by about 4%.

[0249] In summary, the thermal efficiency of the multi-fuel engine of the present application is expected to exceed 56%.

[0250] Compared to crank piston type internal combustion engines, the crank and connecting rods are eliminated, the valve train system is greatly simplified, the volume and mass are reduced, the rotor can be dynamically balanced, the rotation speed is higher, and the power density is increased. Especially, the last two embodiments are double acting, which has higher power density.

[0251] In the three embodiments of the wide-fuel engine described in this application, the torque of the working medium in the different expansion chambers doing work overlaps but is uninterrupted, and the torque is continuous, making operation more stable and allowing for lower idle speeds.

[0252] The present application further provides the following technical aspects.

[0253] Technical embodiment 58 is a positive displacement machine, for example a compressor, to which a combination seal piece according to any one of technical embodiments 1 to 15 is attached.

[0254] Technical embodiment 59 is an engine, for example a multi-fuel engine, to which the combined seal piece according to any one of technical embodiments 1 to 15 is attached.

[0255] Technical aspect 60 is an application of the combined seal piece according to any one of Technical aspects 1 to 15 in a positive displacement machine or engine.

Claims

1. A combination seal segment including a slider with a main seal segment, The seal further includes at least one secondary seal piece, and a first secondary seal piece of the at least one secondary seal piece has a back attached to the main seal piece or is simultaneously rested against the main seal piece and the slider, and an elastic material is provided between the first secondary seal piece and the main seal piece and between the first secondary seal piece and the slider, or an elastic material is provided between the first secondary seal piece and the main seal piece or between the first secondary seal piece and the slider. Combination seal piece.

2. A second secondary seal piece of the at least one secondary seal piece has a back surface attached to the first secondary seal piece or is simultaneously rested against the first secondary seal piece and the slider, and an elastic material is provided between the second secondary seal piece and the first secondary seal piece or the slider. The combination seal segment of claim 1.

3. the at least one secondary seal segment is N in number and is arranged according to the following seamlessly decreasing sequence: The Nth secondary seal piece has its back applied to the N-1th secondary seal piece or is simultaneously resting against the N-1th secondary seal piece and the slider, and an elastic material is provided between the Nth secondary seal piece and the N-1th secondary seal piece or the slider; the N-1th secondary seal piece has its back applied to the N-2th secondary seal piece or is simultaneously resting against the N-2th secondary seal piece and the slider, and an elastic material is provided between the N-1th secondary seal piece and the N-2th secondary seal piece or the slider, ..., until it gradually decreases to the second secondary seal piece, by analogy therewith, where N is one of 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10; The combination seal piece according to claim 2.

4. At least one of the main seal piece and the at least one sub-seal piece is formed by joining two left and right pieces, and an elastic material that biases the main seal piece in a lateral direction is provided between the two left and right pieces. The combination seal piece according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. The two left and right sheets have a portion where the left and right sheets cross, overlap and connect at the seal end surface, 5. The combination seal piece of claim 4.

6. The seal end surfaces of the main seal piece and the at least one sub-seal piece are arcuate cylindrical surfaces. The combination seal piece according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. An elastic material is provided between the main seal piece and the slider. The combination seal piece according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. The receiving chamber for receiving the combined seal piece has at least one groove in which a seal strip and an elastic material are provided, and the seal strip contacts the combined seal piece by the elastic material. The combination seal piece according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The cross-sectional shape of the seal strip is triangular, and the biasing direction of the elastic material is biased toward the low pressure area. The combination seal segment of claim 8.

10. The receiving chamber for receiving the combination seal piece is further provided with a wear-resistant strip and an arc-shaped groove for receiving the wear-resistant strip at a position close to the end opening. The combination seal piece according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

11. A pair of the main seal piece and the at least one sub-seal piece is provided on each of the front and rear surfaces of the slider, and the shape of the side surface of the slider is symmetrical about the center. The combination seal piece according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. The slider is provided with at least one of an openwork portion and a reinforcing rib. The combination seal segment of claim 11.

13. The main seal piece and the at least one secondary seal piece are provided on one surface of the slider, and a roller follower through which a shaft passes is attached to one end of the slider. The combination seal piece according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

14. The main seal piece and the slider are integral, and the at least one secondary seal piece and the elastic material corresponding to the at least one secondary seal piece are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the main seal piece. The combination seal segment of claim 1.

15. The main seal piece and the slider are integral with each other, and two sets of combinations of the main seal piece, the at least one secondary seal piece, and an elastic material corresponding to the at least one secondary seal piece are symmetrically arranged back to back with each other. The combination seal segment of claim 1.

16. The rotor is rotatably attached to the cylindrical inner wall of the cylinder block via the cylinder head by a main shaft and a bearing. The rotor is a cam rotor, the rotor contour extends smoothly from the maximum radius circular arc toward both sides until they overlap, and the distance from each point of the contour to the pivot axis gradually decreases from a maximum value to a minimum value during the extension process, and the circular cylindrical surface of the maximum radius circular arc is provided with at least one groove in which a radial sealing strip acting on the cylindrical inner wall of the cylinder block is provided; Each of the two end faces of the rotor is provided with at least one annular groove and a seal ring in the at least one annular groove; The cylinder block is provided with a front housing configured to house the combination seal piece according to any one of claims 1 to 15, and further provided with a rear housing configured to house a drive mechanism for the combination seal piece, A variable volume is isolated within the cylindrical inner wall of the cylinder block by the rotor and the combined seal piece, and openings and valves for the inflow and outflow of the working medium are located in the cylinder block or the cylinder head on the low pressure area side and the high pressure area side separated by the combined seal piece, respectively; Further comprising a lubrication passage and a cooling surface. Positive displacement machine.

17. The radius of the maximum radius arc is R0, the center of the maximum radius arc overlaps with the pivot axis, and a connecting line from the midpoint of the maximum radius arc to the pivot axis is a line of symmetry, and the radius of another arc whose center is on the line of symmetry is R1, and there is a transition arc R2 between the arc with radius R0 and the arc with radius R1 on both sides of the line of symmetry, or a plurality of arcs are used instead of the arc R2, and all the arcs are adjacent to each other and connected to a smooth curve.

17. A positive displacement machine as claimed in claim 16.

18. A step for preventing slipping is provided between the radial seal strip acting on the cylindrical inner wall of the cylinder block and the groove of the radial seal strip, and a gap is allowed for radial movement of the radial seal strip, and the position of the radial seal strip on the arc column surface is in the center or biased toward the low pressure area.

17. A positive displacement machine as claimed in claim 16.

19. The rotor is further provided with an elastic seal between the bottom of the annular groove and the seal ring at both end surfaces, and the cross section of the seal ring is square or rectangular, or the seal ring is formed by winding a thin piece whose length is greater than the circumferential length of the annular groove, and both ends of the thin piece are gradually thinner.

17. A positive displacement machine as claimed in claim 16.

20. The cylinder block is provided with two cylindrical inner walls, and two rotors are respectively inserted into the two cylindrical inner walls, the rotation axes of which are parallel, the connecting lines from the midpoints of the maximum radius arcs of the rotor contours to the rotation axis center are parallel, and the rotation speed ratio between the shafts is 1:1; the front housing chamber communicates the two cylindrical inner walls, and the seal end faces of the two sets of main seal pieces and auxiliary seal pieces mounted on the slider of the combined seal piece contact the two rotors in opposite directions, one end of the slider receives a force acting on the seal end faces of the multiple seal pieces from the rotor on one side, and the other end receives a force acting on the seal end faces of the multiple seal pieces from the rotor on the other side, and the slider slides back and forth under the action of these two forces, the two cylindrical inner walls form a rear housing chamber, and the two rotors form a drive mechanism for the combined seal piece.

17. A positive displacement machine as claimed in claim 16.

21. The lubrication passage passes through the bearing and the rotor, an oil inlet for lubricating oil is located in a bearing cap at one end of the spindle, and an oil return port is located in a bearing cap at the other end of the spindle.

17. A positive displacement machine as claimed in claim 16.

22. The cylinder head has at least one small recess or at least one narrow groove on one surface facing the rotor, and the small recess or the narrow groove is located close to the cylindrical inner wall of the cylinder block and has an opportunity to contact the lubricating oil in the seal rings on both end surfaces of the rotor.

22. A positive displacement machine as claimed in claim 21.

23. The cooling surface is defined by a hollow portion in the cylinder head, or the cylinder head and the cylinder block are both provided with a hollow portion that is the cooling surface, and a circulating cooling liquid can be poured into the hollow portion.

17. A positive displacement machine as claimed in claim 16.

24. The rotor is eccentrically mounted in a cylindrical inner wall of the cylinder block via the cylinder head by a main shaft and a bearing, and the rotor is rotatably mounted in the cylindrical inner wall of the cylinder block via the cylinder head. The rotor is a rotor of a combined seal piece according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein a basic cylindrical body of the rotor is provided with a receiving chamber through which a pivot axis passes and which is configured to receive the combined seal piece; Each of the two end surfaces of the rotor is provided with at least a pair of arcuate grooves having the same radius and arcuate seals in the arcuate grooves; At least one groove is provided in the inner wall of the cylinder block at a position where the rotation axis of the rotor is closest to the cylindrical inner wall of the cylinder block, and a radial seal strip acting on the rotor is provided in each groove; A variable volume is isolated within the cylindrical inner wall of the cylinder block by the rotor and a radial seal strip acting on the rotor, and openings and valves for the inflow and outflow of the working medium are located in the cylinder block or the cylinder head on the low pressure area side and the high pressure area side separated by the radial seal strip, respectively; Further comprising a lubrication passage and a cooling surface. Positive displacement machine.

25. The cylindrical inner wall of the cylinder block is essentially an elliptical arc cylindrical surface on the inner wall away from the swivel axis of the rotor, and the inner wall where the at least one groove is formed at the position where the swivel axis of the rotor is closest to the cylindrical inner wall of the cylinder block is an arc cylindrical surface, the arc center line of the arc cylindrical surface overlaps with the swivel axis of the rotor, and the arc cylindrical surface and the elliptical arc cylindrical surface are adjacent to each other and transitional by at least two kinds of arc cylindrical surfaces of different radii.

25. A positive displacement machine as claimed in claim 24.

26. Between the radial seal strip acting on the rotor and the groove corresponding to the radial seal strip, there is a step for preventing the radial seal strip from slipping out, and the radial seal strip is allowed to move radially. The position of the radial seal strip on the arc cylindrical surface is in the center or biased toward the low pressure area. An elastic material is provided between the radial seal strip and the groove of the radial seal strip, and the radial seal strip comes into contact with the rotor by the elastic material.

26. A positive displacement machine as claimed in claim 25.

27. The rotor further includes an elastic seal disposed between the bottom of the arc groove and the arc seal at both ends thereof, and the cross section of the arc seal is square or rectangular.

25. A positive displacement machine as claimed in claim 24.

28. Between the position close to the front end of the arc-shaped seal in the rotation direction and the arc-shaped groove, a concave-convex fitting shape is provided to fix the arc-shaped seal around the circumference, and a tail of the arc-shaped seal is provided with an arc-shaped seal that is connected to the tail by overlapping a part of the arc-shaped seal.

28. A positive displacement machine as claimed in claim 27.

29. The lubrication passage passes through the bearing and the rotor, an oil inlet for lubricating oil is located in a bearing cap at one end of the spindle, and an oil return port is located in a bearing cap at the other end of the spindle.

25. A positive displacement machine as claimed in claim 24.

30. The cooling surface is defined by a hollow portion in the cylinder head, or the cylinder head and the cylinder block are both provided with a hollow portion that is the cooling surface, and a circulating cooling liquid can be poured into the hollow portion.

25. A positive displacement machine as claimed in claim 24.

31. The rotor is rotatably attached to the cylindrical inner wall of the cylinder block via the cylinder head by a main shaft and a bearing. The rotor is an olive-shaped rotor, and the contours of the rotor closest to the cylindrical inner wall of the cylinder block are two arcs that overlap and are centrally symmetrical, the contours smoothly extend from the same side of the two arcs in opposite directions until they overlap, and the distances from each point of the contours to the pivot axis gradually decrease from a maximum value to a minimum value during the extension process, and each of the cylindrical surfaces of the two arcs closest to the cylindrical inner wall of the cylinder block is provided with at least one groove, and a radial seal strip acting on the cylindrical inner wall of the cylinder block is provided in the groove, Each of the two end faces of the rotor is provided with at least one essentially elliptical annular groove and a seal ring located within the at least one essentially elliptical annular groove; The cylinder block is provided with two centrally symmetric front housings configured to accommodate the two combined seal pieces according to any one of claims 1 to 15, and further provided with two centrally symmetric rear housings configured to accommodate drive mechanisms for the two combined seal pieces; A variable volume is isolated within the cylindrical inner wall of the cylinder block by the rotor and the two combined seal pieces, and two openings and two valves for the inflow and outflow of the working medium are located in the cylinder block or the cylinder head on the low pressure area side and the high pressure area side separated by the two combined seal pieces, respectively; Further comprising a lubrication passage and a cooling surface. Positive displacement machine.

32. The radii of the two arcs whose centers overlap and are centrally symmetrical are R00, and an arc whose radius is R11 is provided on each side of the two arcs whose radius is R00, and the distances between the two end points of each arc whose radius is R11 and the adjacent arc whose radius is R00 are equal, and R11>R00, and the distance from the midpoint of the arc whose radius is R11 to the pivot axis is smaller than R00, and one transitional arc whose radius is R22 is provided between the two arcs whose radius is R00 and the two arcs whose radius is R11, or a plurality of transitional arcs are provided, and all the transitional arcs are adjacent to each other and connected to a smooth curve.

32. A positive displacement machine as claimed in claim 31.

33. A step is provided between the radial seal strip acting on the cylindrical inner wall of the cylinder block and the groove of the radial seal strip to prevent the radial seal strip from slipping out. A gap is allowed for the radial seal strip to move in the radial direction. The position of the radial seal strip on the arc column surface is in the center or biased toward the low pressure area.

32. A positive displacement machine as claimed in claim 31.

34. The rotor is further provided with an elastic seal between the bottom of the annular groove and the seal ring at both end surfaces, and the cross section of the seal ring is square or rectangular, or the seal ring is formed by winding a thin piece whose length is greater than the circumferential length of the annular groove, and both ends of the thin piece are gradually thinner.

32. A positive displacement machine as claimed in claim 31.

35. the drive mechanism of the combined seal piece is a cam mechanism, the cam mechanism is rotatably attached in the rear housing chamber and driven by the main shaft at a fixed rotational speed ratio, the slider of the combined seal piece is provided with a roller driven member, one end of the slider receives a force acting on the seal end surface of each seal piece from the rotor, and the other end receives a force applied to the roller driven member from the cam of the cam mechanism, and the slider slides back and forth under the action of these two forces; The shape of the cam is provided so that the main seal piece always contacts the rotor, and there is no relative displacement between the main seal piece and the slider.

32. A positive displacement machine as claimed in claim 31.

36. The lubrication passage passes through the bearing and the rotor, an oil inlet for lubricating oil is located in a bearing cap at one end of the spindle, and an oil return port is located in a bearing cap at the other end of the spindle.

32. A positive displacement machine as claimed in claim 31.

37. The cylinder head has at least one small recess or at least one narrow groove on one surface facing the rotor, and the small recess or the narrow groove is located close to the cylindrical inner wall of the cylinder block and has an opportunity to contact the lubricating oil in the seal rings on both end surfaces of the rotor.

37. A positive displacement machine as claimed in claim 36.

38. The cooling surface is defined by a hollow portion in the cylinder head, or the cylinder head and the cylinder block are both provided with a hollow portion that is the cooling surface, and a circulating cooling liquid can be poured into the hollow portion.

32. A positive displacement machine as claimed in claim 31.

39. A compression-side positive displacement machine, an expansion-side positive displacement machine, and a working medium heater, the discharge port of the compression-side positive displacement machine being connected to an inlet of the working medium heater, and the discharge port of the working medium heater being connected to an inlet of the expansion-side positive displacement machine, a main shaft of the compression side positive displacement machine is operably connected to a main shaft of the expansion side positive displacement machine; The compression side positive displacement machine employs the positive displacement machine according to any one of claims 16 to 23, any one of claims 24 to 30, or any one of claims 31 to 38, the opening being an inlet for a working medium of the compression side positive displacement machine, and the valve being a check valve of the compression side positive displacement machine, The expansion-side positive displacement machine employs the positive displacement machine according to any one of claims 16 to 23, any one of claims 24 to 30, or any one of claims 31 to 38, the opening being a discharge port for a working medium of the expansion-side positive displacement machine, and the valve being a control valve of the expansion-side positive displacement machine. Wide fuel engine.

40. the working medium heater being a combustion chamber with a fuel nozzle and an ignition device, and optionally with at least one of a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor; 40. The versatile fuel engine of claim 39.

41. In the combustion chamber, the fuel injection amount per revolution is less than or equal to the stoichiometric fuel mixture amount.

41. The versatile fuel engine of claim 40.

42. The amount of fuel injected per revolution, the duration of fuel injection per revolution, and the distribution of fuel in the combustion chamber are adjusted to control the maximum combustion temperature per revolution of the combustion chamber, and the maximum combustion temperature is within the range of the thermal nitrogen oxide (NOx) permitted by regulations. Ｘ Lower than the temperature of maximum production of 42. The versatile fuel engine of claim 41.

43. the combustion chamber has at least two fuel nozzles, one of which delivers fuel A and the second of which delivers at least one of water and fuel B; Or, the combustion chamber has a single fuel nozzle with at least two inlets, one of which carries Fuel A and a second of which carries at least one of water and Fuel B.

43. A versatile fuel engine as claimed in any one of claims 40 to 42.

44. the check valve has a stationary sealing surface with respect to the cylinder block or the cylinder head, and an inlet for the working medium is provided at the center of the stationary sealing surface; the check valve further has at least two stacked disk-shaped sealing members with a relative movement gap therebetween, and each disk-shaped sealing member is supported and positioned by a guide member; the check valve further has an elastic member acting on the disk-shaped sealing member so that the disk-shaped sealing member approaches the stationary sealing surface; and the disk-shaped sealing member automatically separates from or comes into contact with the stationary sealing surface according to the pressure difference between both sides, thereby realizing one-way sealing.

40. The versatile fuel engine of claim 39.

45. The control valve is a plug valve, and the valve element of the plug valve is driven by a shaft attached to a cylinder head, the shaft extends from the cylinder head and is driven by the main shaft at a fixed rotational speed ratio, the shaft is provided with a plurality of pressure equalizing grooves, an oil sump is provided between the shaft and the cylinder head, and sealing and lubrication are performed by oil in the oil sump, or the valve element of the plug valve is driven by an electromagnetic device or a magnetic coupling attached to the cylinder head, and the electromagnetic device or the magnetic coupling is magnetically driven to separate the pressures of the inner and outer spaces with a housing or a separator.

40. The versatile fuel engine of claim 39.

46. By selecting the overlap angle between the valve seat opening and the valve body opening of the plug valve, the compression ratio on the compression side reaches the designed maximum value under the condition that the amount of fuel injected into the combustion chamber per one revolution is maximized.

46. ​​The versatile fuel engine of claim 45.

47. The control valve is an electromagnetic valve, and includes a seal surface stationary against the cylinder block or the cylinder head, a valve stem, a valve stem guide, a disk-shaped seal material attached to the valve stem end, a restoring elastic material, a first armature, a first electromagnet, a second armature, and a second electromagnet, and an outlet for a working medium is provided at the center of the stationary seal surface, and the current and on / off of the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet are controlled by an electronic control unit ECU, and in the process of turning on the electromagnetic valve, the first armature is first attracted by the first electromagnet, and then the second armature is attracted by the second electromagnet, and in the process of turning off the electromagnetic valve, the second armature is first released by the second electromagnet, and then the first armature is released by the first electromagnet.

40. The versatile fuel engine of claim 39.

48. The plate-shaped seal members are at least two in number and are fitted together with a relative movement gap therebetween.

40. The versatile fuel engine of claim 39.

49. the control valve is a gate valve and comprises a seal surface that is stationary relative to the cylinder block or the cylinder head, and a gate plate, the gate plate comprises a through hole, an accommodation chamber, and at least two plate-shaped seal materials that are fitted together and accommodated in the accommodation chamber, the smallest of the at least two plate-shaped seal materials that are fitted together and overlapped is a sheet-shaped seal material without an accommodation chamber, and each of the seal materials other than the smallest has an accommodation chamber so as to accommodate a plate-shaped seal material that is one stage smaller than the plate-shaped seal material, and there are radial gaps and axial gaps between all the accommodation chambers and the plate-shaped seal materials that are accommodated in the accommodation chamber and are in direct contact with the accommodation chamber, the seal surface is provided with an outlet for the working medium, and the gate valve further comprises a gate plate drive device that drives the gate plate so that the through hole is connected to the outlet for the working medium, or the plate-shaped seal material and the sheet-shaped seal material close the outlet for the working medium to realize the passage or blocking of the working medium.

40. The versatile fuel engine of claim 39.

50. By controlling the time when the solenoid valve or the gate valve is turned on and then turned off each time, the pressure in the combustion chamber is controlled, thereby controlling the compression ratio on the compression side.

50. A versatile fuel engine as claimed in any one of claims 47 or 49.

51. The expansion work volume per rotation on the expansion side is greater than the compression work volume per rotation on the compression side.

40. The versatile fuel engine of claim 39.

52. At least one auxiliary output shaft is further provided, the auxiliary output shaft being configured to provide power to the lubricant pump and the coolant pump.

40. The versatile fuel engine of claim 39.

53. The expansion side main shaft and the compression side main shaft are coaxial, or connected by a coupling, or the expansion side main shaft is connected to the compression side main shaft by an overrunning clutch, and the compression side overtakes the expansion side.

40. The versatile fuel engine of claim 39.

54. An electric motor configured to at least one of start the wide-fuel engine or provide additional torque and power to the wide-fuel engine is connected to the compression side main shaft; 54. The versatile fuel engine of claim 53.

55. The electric motor also functions as a generator, or a generator is separately added and connected to the wide-fuel engine to generate electricity.

55. The versatile fuel engine of claim 54.

56. At least one of the compression side positive displacement machines being connected in series in at least two stages and being used, or the expansion side positive displacement machines being connected in series in at least two stages and being used, 40. The versatile fuel engine of claim 39.

57. The volume of the combustion chamber is 0.02 to 0.9 times the volume of the largest sealed storage chamber on the compression side.

41. The versatile fuel engine of claim 40.

58. A compressor, to which the combined seal piece according to any one of claims 1 to 15 is attached. Positive displacement machine.

59. A combination seal piece according to any one of claims 1 to 15 is attached to the engine.

60. Use of a combination seal segment according to any one of claims 1 to 15 in a positive displacement machine or engine.

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