Geopolymer composition and method for producing same, geopolymer hardened body and method for producing same, and kit for preparing geopolymer composition

Abstract

To provide a geopolymer composition having sufficient strength developability while effectively utilizing biomass incineration ash.SOLUTION: Provided is a kit for geopolymer composition preparation including a solid composition and a liquid composition in a separated state, wherein the solid composition contains silica fume and an inorganic filler, the liquid composition contains an alkali hydroxide containing at least one selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, and water, the inorganic filler contains fly ash, blast furnace slag fine powder, and biomass incineration ash, and the volume ratio of the blast furnace slag fine powder in the inorganic filler is larger than the volume ratio of the biomass incineration ash.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a geopolymer composition and a method for producing the same, a hardened geopolymer body and a method for producing the same, and a kit for preparing a geopolymer composition. [Background technology]

[0002] Geopolymer compositions that harden like concrete by treating amorphous materials such as coal ash with an alkaline solution are known. One known method for preparing geopolymer compositions is the so-called "in-situ dissolution method," which involves blending a solid composition containing silica fume (a silica source) and an inorganic filler with a liquid composition containing an alkali source such as caustic soda to dissolve the silica fume. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a method for producing a geopolymer composition, which includes a first preparation step for preparing a solid composition containing an inorganic filler, silica fume, and a retarder; a second preparation step for preparing a liquid composition containing an alkali source, water, a water-reducing agent, and an antifoaming agent; and a mixing step for blending the solid and liquid compositions to obtain a geopolymer composition. This method uses fly ash, ground granulated blast furnace slag, and calcium carbonate as inorganic fillers. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2024-070566 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] With the recent growing interest in renewable energy and the rising prices of fossil fuels, attempts have been made to use biomass as fuel. When biomass is used as fuel, biomass incineration ash is generated. As the amount of biomass used as fuel increases in the future, it will be necessary to establish technologies that utilize biomass incineration ash rather than simply disposing of it as waste. Therefore, this disclosure provides a geopolymer composition that effectively utilizes biomass incineration ash while exhibiting sufficient strength. It also provides a geopolymer composition preparation kit and a method for producing the geopolymer composition that can smoothly prepare such a geopolymer composition. It also provides a hardened geopolymer that effectively utilizes biomass incineration ash while exhibiting sufficient compressive strength, and a method for producing the same. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] One aspect of the present disclosure is a geopolymer composition preparation kit comprising a solid composition and a liquid composition in a separated state, wherein the solid composition comprises silica fume and an inorganic filler, and the liquid composition comprises an alkali hydroxide containing at least one selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, and water, and the inorganic filler comprises fly ash, ground granulated blast furnace slag, and biomass incineration ash, and the volume ratio of the ground granulated blast furnace slag in the inorganic filler is greater than the volume ratio of the biomass incineration ash.

[0006] This geopolymer composition preparation kit contains a solid composition and a liquid composition in separate states, and can be mixed to prepare a geopolymer composition. The solid composition also contains fly ash, ground granulated blast furnace slag, and an inorganic filler containing biomass incineration ash. This allows for effective use of the biomass incineration ash and facilitates the preparation of the geopolymer composition. Furthermore, the volume ratio of ground granulated blast furnace slag in the inorganic filler is greater than the volume ratio of the biomass incineration ash. The geopolymer composition obtained by mixing such a solid composition and a liquid composition exhibits sufficient strength development.

[0007] One aspect of the present disclosure provides a geopolymer composition obtained by blending at least the solid composition and the liquid composition in the geopolymer composition preparation kit described above. This geopolymer composition contains biomass incineration ash as an inorganic filler in the solid composition. This allows for effective use of biomass incineration ash. Furthermore, such a geopolymer composition has sufficient strength development.

[0008] One aspect of the present disclosure provides a hardened geopolymer obtained by hardening a mixture of the solid composition and the liquid composition in at least the above-described geopolymer composition preparation kit. This hardened geopolymer has sufficient compressive strength while effectively utilizing biomass incineration ash.

[0009] One aspect of the present disclosure provides a method for producing a geopolymer composition, comprising: a first preparation step of preparing a solid composition containing silica fume, fly ash, ground granulated blast furnace slag, and an inorganic filler containing biomass incineration ash; a second preparation step of preparing a liquid composition containing an alkali hydroxide containing at least one selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, and water; and a blending step of blending at least the solid composition and the liquid composition to obtain a geopolymer composition, wherein the volume ratio of the ground granulated blast furnace slag in the inorganic filler is greater than the volume ratio of the biomass incineration ash.

[0010] In this method for producing a geopolymer composition, the solid composition prepared in the first preparation step contains fly ash, ground granulated blast furnace slag, and an inorganic filler containing biomass incineration ash. This allows for effective use of the biomass incineration ash. Furthermore, the volume ratio of ground granulated blast furnace slag in the inorganic filler is greater than the volume ratio of the biomass incineration ash. Blending this solid composition with a liquid composition allows for the smooth production of a geopolymer composition with sufficient strength.

[0011] One aspect of the present disclosure provides a method for producing a hardened geopolymer body, which includes a curing step of hardening the geopolymer composition produced by the above-mentioned production method. The hardened geopolymer body obtained by this production method uses the geopolymer composition produced by the above-mentioned production method for a geopolymer composition, and therefore has sufficient compressive strength while effectively utilizing biomass incineration ash. [Effects of the Invention]

[0012] According to the present disclosure, it is possible to provide a geopolymer composition that effectively utilizes biomass incineration ash and has sufficient strength development. It is also possible to provide a geopolymer composition preparation kit and a method for manufacturing a geopolymer composition that can smoothly prepare such a geopolymer composition. It is also possible to provide a hardened geopolymer body that effectively utilizes biomass incineration ash and has sufficient compressive strength, and a method for manufacturing the same. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0013] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described. However, the following embodiments are examples for explaining the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the present disclosure to the following content. In the description, the symbol "to" used in a numerical range indicates a numerical range that includes the upper and lower limit values. For example, "X to Y" indicates a numerical range of "less than or equal to X and less than or equal to Y." Numerical ranges in which the upper and / or lower limit of a numerical range is replaced with a numerical value described in the examples are also included in the present disclosure. Numerical ranges in which the upper and / or lower limit of a certain numerical range is replaced with the upper and / or lower limit of another numerical range are also included in the present disclosure. Furthermore, content described in one embodiment applied to another embodiment is also included in the present disclosure.

[0014] In one embodiment, a geopolymer composition preparation kit includes a solid composition and a liquid composition in a separated state. Separate solid and liquid compositions mean that they are physically separated. For example, a geopolymer composition preparation kit may include a first package containing the solid composition and a second package containing the liquid composition. The first and second packages may be physically separate. The first and second packages may be linked, for example, by a label or an IC tag. The means of linking is not particularly limited. Because the solid and liquid compositions are separate and not mixed, the geopolymer composition preparation kit can be stably stored for long periods of time. Because the geopolymer composition preparation kit includes the solid and liquid compositions separately, it is easy to transport and can be prepared immediately before using the geopolymer composition at a work site. Therefore, the geopolymer composition preparation kit allows for smooth preparation of geopolymer compositions and hardened geopolymer bodies.

[0015] The solid composition may be in the form of a solid powder. Liquid materials may be blended in the composition as long as no liquid phase is visually observed. The liquid composition may be substantially liquid, and may be a solution or aqueous solution containing no solids, or a dispersion or aqueous dispersion containing a small amount of solids. For example, the solid content of the liquid composition may be 5% by mass or less, 3% by mass or less, or 1% by mass or less.

[0016] A geopolymer composition according to one embodiment is obtained by blending the solid composition and liquid composition of the geopolymer composition preparation kit. A method for producing a geopolymer composition according to one embodiment includes a first preparation step for preparing the solid composition, a second preparation step for preparing the liquid composition, and a blending step for blending the solid composition prepared in the first preparation step with the liquid composition prepared in the second preparation step to obtain a geopolymer composition. The contents described below apply commonly to each embodiment of the geopolymer composition preparation kit, the geopolymer composition, and the method for producing a geopolymer composition.

[0017] The solid composition includes silica fume (SF) and inorganic filler (F). The inorganic filler (F) functions as an active filler in the geopolymer composition. The inorganic filler (F) may be composed of an inorganic component different from silica fume. The silica fume (SF) can be any silica fume commonly used in cement compositions. The BET specific surface area of ​​silica fume (SF) is 10 m 2 / g or more, and 2 / g or more, and 2 / g or more. Silica fume with a large BET specific surface area has high reactivity, so it dissolves quickly in an alkaline aqueous solution and can smoothly supply SiO2. The upper limit of the BET specific surface area of ​​silica fume (SF) is 20 m from the viewpoint of ease of availability. 2 / g or less.

[0018] The amount of silica fume (SF) in the geopolymer composition is 3 For example, 10 to 100 kg / m 3 , 20~80kg / m 3 , or 30 to 70 kg / m 3The amount of silica fume (SF) in the solid composition may be adjusted so that the amount of silica fume (SF) in the geopolymer composition is within the above-mentioned range. The content of silica fume (SF) relative to the total solid composition may be, for example, 1.0 to 5.0 mass%, 1.5 to 4.0 mass%, or 2.0 to 3.0 mass%.

[0019] The inorganic filler (F) includes biomass incineration ash (BA), fly ash (FA), and ground granulated blast furnace slag (BS). This allows for effective use of biomass incineration ash (BA). Biomass incineration ash (BA) is ash produced when biomass is burned. The type of biomass is not particularly limited, and examples include woody biomass. Biomass incineration ash (BA) has activity as an inorganic filler (active filler) equal to or greater than that of fly ash (FA). Therefore, sufficient strength can be achieved even when part of the fly ash (FA) is replaced with biomass incineration ash (BA).

[0020] Examples of biomass incineration ash (BA) include biomass fly ash and biomass bottom ash. By including biomass fly ash, even if biomass incineration ash is used instead of inorganic fillers other than biomass incineration ash (BA), such as fly ash (FA), the strength development is not impaired, and biomass incineration ash, which is merely waste, can be fully utilized. Furthermore, by including biomass bottom ash, even if biomass incineration ash is used instead of inorganic fillers other than biomass incineration ash (BA), such as fly ash (FA), the fresh properties (15-strike flow) of the geopolymer are not impaired, and biomass incineration ash, which is merely waste, can be fully utilized.

[0021] Examples of elements contained in biomass incineration ash (BA) include Si, Al, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Na, and K. Biomass incineration ash may contain, for example, oxides of the above-mentioned constituent elements. The Si content in biomass incineration ash (BA) may be 35 to 80 mass% or 40 to 75 mass% in terms of oxide (SiO2). The Al content in biomass incineration ash (BA) may be 0.5 to 25 mass% or 1 to 20 mass% in terms of oxide (Al2O3). The Ca content in biomass incineration ash (BA) may be 3 to 35 mass% or 5 to 30 mass% in terms of oxide (CaO). Such biomass incineration ash has sufficiently high activity. If biomass incineration ash having a mass ratio of Al2O3 to CaO after conversion into the oxides of 1.0 or more, or 2.0 or more, is used, even if biomass incineration ash is used instead of an inorganic filler such as fly ash (FA), the fresh properties of the geopolymer composition will not be impaired, and the biomass incineration ash, which is merely waste, can be fully utilized.

[0022] The Blaine specific surface area of ​​biomass incineration ash (BA) is 1000 cm from the viewpoint of improving reactivity when preparing geopolymer compositions. 2 / g or more, 2000cm 2 / g or more, or 3000cm 2 / g or more. From the viewpoint of improving fluidity, the Blaine specific surface area of ​​biomass incineration ash is 9000 cm 2 / g or less, 8000cm 2 / g or less, or 7000cm 2 / g or less. The Blaine specific surface area of ​​biomass incineration ash (BA) can be adjusted by pulverization, classification, etc. The density of biomass incineration ash (BA) is 2.1 to 2.9 g / cm 3 , or 2.2 to 2.8 g / cm 3 It may be.

[0023] In this specification, "Blaine specific surface area" refers to a value measured in accordance with the method described in JIS R 5201:2015 "Physical Testing Methods for Cement." Here, the density of biomass incineration ash is measured by the liquid-phase displacement method (pycnometer method) in ethanol using an automatic wet true density measuring device. This density can be used to measure the Blaine specific surface area.

[0024] The amount of biomass incineration ash (BA) in the geopolymer composition is 3 For example, 20 to 200 kg / m 3 , 30~180kg / m 3 , or 50 to 150 kg / m 3 The amount of biomass incineration ash (BA) in the solid composition may be adjusted so that the amount of biomass incineration ash (BA) in the geopolymer composition is within the above-mentioned range. The content of biomass incineration ash (BA) relative to the total solid composition may be, for example, 1.0 to 10 mass%, 1.5 to 8 mass%, or 2.0 to 6.0 mass%.

[0025] Fly ash (FA) may be any of types I to IV as defined in JIS A6201:2015. Of these, type II fly ash is preferred because it has higher reactivity and superior strength development compared to types III and IV. Type I fly ash has a larger specific surface area than type II, making it more reactive, but it also has increased viscosity and is expensive and in limited supply, making it difficult to obtain.

[0026] The amount of fly ash (FA) in the geopolymer composition is 3 For example, 150 to 450 kg / m 3 , 200~400kg / m 3 , or 230 to 350 kg / m 3The amount of fly ash (FA) in the solid composition may be adjusted so that the amount of fly ash (FA) in the geopolymer composition is within the above-mentioned range. The content of fly ash (FA) relative to the total solid composition may be, for example, 6 to 25 mass%, 8 to 20 mass%, or 10 to 18 mass%.

[0027] The Blaine specific surface area of ​​ground blast furnace slag (BS) is 3500 to 6000 cm 2 / g, or 4000 to 5000 cm 2 / g. If the Blaine specific surface area of ​​the ground blast furnace slag is in this range, the strength development and fresh properties of the geopolymer composition can be achieved at a sufficiently high level.

[0028] The amount of ground granulated blast furnace slag (BS) in the geopolymer composition is 3 For example, 80 to 250 kg / m 3 , 90~200kg / m 3 , or 100 to 180 kg / m 3 The amount of ground granulated blast furnace slag (BS) in the solid composition may be adjusted so that the amount of ground granulated blast furnace slag (BS) in the geopolymer composition is within the above-mentioned range. The content of ground granulated blast furnace slag (BS) relative to the total solid composition may be, for example, 4 to 16 mass%, 6 to 14 mass%, or 8 to 12 mass%. When the inorganic filler (F) contains both fly ash (FA) and ground granulated blast furnace slag (BS), the strength development and fluidity of the geopolymer composition can be sufficiently increased.

[0029] When the fly ash (FA) content in the inorganic filler (F) is FA [volume %], the ground granulated blast furnace slag (BS) content is BS [volume %], and the biomass incineration ash (BA) content is BA [volume %], the ratio BS / (FA+BA) may be 0.12 or more, 0.23 or more, 0.30 or more, or 0.35 or more. This further enhances the strength development of the geopolymer composition. BS / (FA+BA) may be 0.60 or less, or 0.50 or less. This improves the sulfuric acid resistance and heat resistance of the hardened geopolymer body.

[0030] The ratio BS / (BS+FA+BA) may be 0.15 to 0.80, 0.20 to 0.60, 0.20 to 0.50, or 0.25 to 0.30. This allows for a geopolymer composition to have a higher strength development while also providing a hardened geopolymer with excellent sulfuric acid resistance and heat resistance. From the viewpoint of more effective utilization of biomass incineration ash, the ratio BA / (BS+FA+BA) may be 0.05 or more, 0.10 or more, or 0.15 or more. From the viewpoint of sufficiently increasing strength development, the ratio BA / (BS+FA+BA) may be 0.30 or less, 0.20 or less, or 0.15 or less.

[0031] From the viewpoint of utilizing biomass incineration ash, BA / FA may be 0.10 or more, 0.15 or more, 0.20 or more, or 0.35 or more. On the other hand, from the viewpoint of sufficiently increasing strength development and fresh properties, BA / FA may be 0.60 or less, or 0.50 or less.

[0032] The inorganic filler (F) may contain inorganic components other than those mentioned above. For example, it may contain at least one selected from the group consisting of Si, Al, and Ca. More specifically, it may contain calcium carbonate, metakaolin, volcanic ash, etc.

[0033] The amount of inorganic filler (F) in the geopolymer composition is 3 For example, 400 to 680 kg / m 3 , 450~650kg / m 3, or 480 to 600 kg / m 3 This allows the strength development and fresh properties of the geopolymer composition to be compatible at a high level. The content of the inorganic filler (F) in the solid composition may be adjusted so that the amount of the inorganic filler (F) in the geopolymer composition is within the above-mentioned range. The content of the inorganic filler (F) relative to the entire solid composition may be, for example, 15 to 40 mass%, 20 to 35 mass%, or 25 to 30 mass%.

[0034] The solid composition may contain a retarder (Re) to improve the fluidity of the geopolymer composition. The retarder (Re), also known as a setting retarder, delays the timing of the setting of the geopolymer composition. The retarder (Re) may contain at least one selected from the group consisting of sodium gluconate, sodium L-tartrate, trisodium citrate dihydrate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, sucrose, and glucose. This allows for a sufficient extension of the usable life of the geopolymer composition (the time during which construction such as pouring, compaction, and molding is possible). In the geopolymer composition, the content of the retarder (Re) relative to the total inorganic filler (F) may be 0.5 to 3.5 mass%, 0.5 to 3.0 mass%, 0.7 to 2.5 mass%, or 0.8 to 2.0 mass%. Such a geopolymer composition has good fresh properties and excellent strength development.

[0035] The solid composition may contain fine aggregate (S). The fine aggregate (S) may contain at least one selected from natural aggregates such as river sand, mountain sand, land sand, and sea sand, crushed sand, silica sand, blast furnace slag fine aggregate, ferronickel slag fine aggregate, and electric furnace oxidizing slag fine aggregate, as well as artificial fine aggregates such as recycled fine aggregate. These may be used alone or in combination as the fine aggregate. The surface dry density of the fine aggregate (S) is 2.2 to 2.9 g / cm. 3 and 2.4 to 2.8 g / cm 3 and 2.5 to 2.7 g / cm 3 The amount of fine aggregate in the geopolymer composition may be 3For example, 1000 to 1600 kg / m 3 and 1200 to 1500 kg / m 3 may be 1300 to 1450 kg / m 3 may be.

[0036] The content of fine aggregate (S) in the solid composition may be adjusted so that the amount of fine aggregate (S) in the geopolymer composition falls within the above-mentioned range. The content of fine aggregate (S) relative to the total solid composition may be, for example, 60 to 80% by mass or 68 to 75% by mass.

[0037] The solid composition may contain components other than those described above. The solid composition may contain one or both of a water-reducing admixture (Ad) and a defoaming agent (DF). One or both of the water-reducing admixture (Ad) and the defoaming agent (DF) may be contained only in the solid composition, only in the liquid composition, or in both the solid and liquid compositions.

[0038] The water reducing admixture (Ad) may include at least one selected from the group consisting of a water reducing agent, an air-entraining water reducing agent, a high-performance water reducing agent, and a high-performance air-entraining water reducing agent. The water reducing admixture (Ad) may be at least one selected from the group consisting of a lignin derivative, a hydroxy complex, a naphthalene sulfonic acid compound, an aminosulfonic acid compound, and a polycarboxylic acid compound. The lignin derivative in this specification refers to a compound derived from lignin, and examples thereof include lignin sulfonates.

[0039] The amount of water-reducing agent (Ad) in the geopolymer composition is 3 0.5 to 5.0 kg / m 3 , 1.0~4.0kg / m 3 , or 1.5 to 3.0 kg / m 3In the geopolymer composition, the content of the water-reducing agent (Ad) relative to the total amount of the inorganic filler (F) may be 0.05 to 2.0 mass%, 0.1 to 1.0 mass%, or 0.2 to 0.8 mass%. As described above, the water-reducing agent (Ad) may be contained in at least one of the solid composition and the liquid composition. When the water-reducing agent (Ad) is contained in both the solid composition and the liquid composition, the above-mentioned blending amount and content are calculated from the sum of the amounts contained in the solid composition and the liquid composition.

[0040] The antifoaming agent (DF) can be one that is blended into cement compositions, such as nonionic surfactant types, oil types, and emulsion types. The amount of antifoaming agent (DF) blended in the geopolymer composition is 1000 mg / ml of geopolymer composition. 3 0.01 to 0.20 kg / m 3 , 0.02~0.15kg / m 3 , or 0.03 to 0.10 kg / m 3 By including the antifoaming agent (DF) in the geopolymer composition in the above-mentioned ratio, the compressive strength of the hardened geopolymer can be sufficiently increased while maintaining the production cost of the geopolymer composition. In the geopolymer composition, the content of the antifoaming agent (DF) relative to the total inorganic filler (F) may be 0.005 to 0.05 mass%, 0.008 to 0.03 mass%, or 0.01 to 0.02 mass%. As described above, the antifoaming agent (DF) may be contained in at least one of the solid composition and the liquid composition. When the water-reducing agent (Ad) is contained in both the solid composition and the liquid composition, the above-mentioned blending amount and content are calculated from the sum of the amounts contained in the solid composition and the liquid composition.

[0041] The liquid composition contains water and an alkali hydroxide containing at least one selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide. The alkali hydroxide may consist of only one or both of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide. The amount of alkali hydroxide in the geopolymer composition (in terms of solid content) is 1000 ppm per 1 m of the geopolymer composition. 3 For example, 40 to 200 kg / m3 and may be 60 to 150 kg / m 3 and may be 70 to 130 kg / m 3 An aqueous alkaline solution containing such an amount may be used.

[0042] The water contained in the geopolymer composition may be entirely derived from the liquid composition, or the geopolymer composition may be prepared by adding water when blending the solid composition and the liquid composition. The following unit water content is calculated as the total value of these. The unit water content in the geopolymer composition is 170 to 240 kg / m 3 , 190~230kg / m 3 , or 200-220 kg / m 3 By setting the unit water content within this range, it is possible to achieve a sufficiently high level of both the fresh properties and strength expression of the geopolymer composition.

[0043] The molar ratio (A / W) of the total alkali metals (elements) contained in the alkali hydroxide to water in the geopolymer composition may be 0.05 to 0.40, 0.08 to 0.35, or 0.1 to 0.30. This allows the geopolymer composition to achieve both fresh properties and strength development at a sufficiently high level.

[0044] When preparing the geopolymer composition, the solid and liquid compositions are blended so that the molar ratio (Si / A) of the silicon dioxide in the silica fume (SF) to the alkali metals in the alkali hydroxide, water, and silica fume (SF) is 0.1-0.7, 0.15-0.6, or 0.2-0.5. Blending within these ranges allows the SiO2 in the silica fume (SF) to dissolve smoothly, resulting in the stable production of an alkali silicate aqueous solution. This allows for the strength and fresh properties of the geopolymer composition to be sufficiently enhanced.

[0045] The liquid composition preferably does not contain sodium silicate (e.g., Na2SiO3, Na4SiO4, Na2Si2O5, Na2Si4O9), potassium silicate (e.g., K2SiO3), or water glass. This allows the components to be mixed when the liquid composition and the solid composition are blended (blending process), resulting in dissolution of silica fume (SF) or silica fume (SF) and inorganic filler (F) in an alkaline aqueous solution containing an alkali hydroxide. SiO2 contained in raw materials other than silica fume (SF) and inorganic filler (F) may also dissolve in the alkaline aqueous solution, and components other than SiO2 may also dissolve in the alkaline aqueous solution. In this way, an alkaline silicate aqueous solution containing at least one alkali metal selected from the group consisting of sodium and potassium is produced. In this method for producing a geopolymer composition, the reaction between the silica fume (SF) and inorganic filler (F) generated during the blending process and the alkali hydroxide proceeds smoothly. This allows for the production of a geopolymer composition with excellent strength development and a hardened geopolymer with sufficiently high compressive strength.

[0046] The solid and liquid compositions may be prepared by simultaneously or sequentially mixing the materials, or by blending some of the materials together to prepare multiple blends and then mixing the multiple blends. When blending the solid and liquid compositions to prepare the geopolymer composition, additional materials may be blended. That is, the additional materials may be blended during the blending process. Examples of such materials include water, fine aggregate, expansive additives, shrinkage-reducing agents, rust inhibitors, and waterproofing agents. These materials may be included in the solid or liquid composition.

[0047] In the geopolymer composition, the volume ratio (L / F) of the total (L) of alkali hydroxide, silica fume (SF), and water to the total inorganic filler (F) may be 0.6 to 1.6, 0.7 to 1.5, 0.8 to 1.4, or 0.9 to 1.3. By being in such a range, the fresh properties and strength development of the geopolymer composition can be achieved at a sufficiently high level.

[0048] In the method for producing a geopolymer composition, there are no particular limitations on the mixing equipment used in the first and second preparation steps for preparing the solid and liquid compositions, respectively, and in the blending step. Since the second preparation step involves preparing a liquid composition, a conventional container may be used. For example, a mortar mixer, a twin-screw forced mixer, a pan mixer, a grout mixer, or a hand mixer can be used in the first preparation step and the blending step. In this way, a geopolymer composition can be produced that can achieve both high levels of fresh properties and strength development.

[0049] In the first preparation step, the prepared solid composition may be packaged to obtain a first package containing the solid composition. In the second preparation step, the prepared liquid composition may be packaged to obtain a second package containing the liquid composition. This allows for the production of a geopolymer composition kit having a first package containing the solid composition and a second package containing the liquid composition. Since the first package and the second package are solid and liquid, respectively, separating them allows for smooth transportation. Because the solid composition and the liquid composition are separated, the dissolution and hardening reaction of silica fume and the like does not proceed until the mixing step is performed. Therefore, the solid composition and the liquid composition can be stably stored for a long period of time. A geopolymer composition preparation kit containing the solid composition and the liquid composition in a separated state allows for the smooth production of a geopolymer composition with excellent strength development.

[0050] When the solid composition and the liquid composition are mixed in the blending step, silica fume (SF) and other components dissolve in the alkaline aqueous solution. The SiO2 contained in the inorganic filler (F) and other raw materials may also dissolve in the alkaline aqueous solution, and components other than SiO2 may also dissolve in the alkaline aqueous solution. In this way, an alkaline silicate aqueous solution containing at least one selected from the group consisting of sodium and potassium is produced.

[0051] The geopolymer composition obtained by blending the solid composition and the liquid composition may contain an inorganic filler (F), an aqueous alkali silicate solution containing at least one selected from the group consisting of sodium and potassium, a retarder (Re), a water-reducing agent (Ad), and an antifoaming agent (DF). At least a portion of the inorganic filler (F) may be dissolved in the aqueous alkali silicate solution. Materials other than the inorganic filler (F) may be dissolved in the aqueous alkali silicate solution. The geopolymer composition may also contain fine aggregate, an expansive agent, a shrinkage-reducing agent, a rust inhibitor, a waterproofing agent, etc.

[0052] The pot life of the geopolymer composition may be 90 minutes or more, or 120 minutes or more. Such geopolymer compositions have excellent fresh properties and excellent workability. The pot life is measured by the method described in the examples.

[0053] When the geopolymer composition is sealed and cured in a constant temperature and humidity room at a temperature of 20±2°C and a relative humidity of 60±5% for up to 28 days, the compressive strength of the hardened geopolymer is 25N / mm 2 More than 30N / mm 2 or more than 42N / mm 2 When the geopolymer composition is sealed and cured in a constant temperature and humidity room at a temperature of 20 ± 2 ° C and a relative humidity of 60 ± 5% for up to 28 days, the compressive strength of the hardened geopolymer is 25 N / mm 2 More than 30N / mm 2 or more than 40N / mm 2 It may be more than that.

[0054] When the geopolymer composition was steam-cured at a maximum temperature of 60°C for 3 hours, the compressive strength of the hardened geopolymer at 28 days was 25N / mm 2 More than 30N / mm 2 or more than 35N / mm 2 The compressive strength of each geopolymer composition is measured under the conditions described in the examples.

[0055] A hardened geopolymer according to one embodiment can be obtained by hardening the above-described geopolymer composition. This hardened geopolymer has sufficient compressive strength and excellent sulfuric acid resistance.

[0056] In addition to on-site construction, the hardened geopolymer can be used for secondary products such as building materials and refractories. When hardening a geopolymer composition to produce a hardened geopolymer, the hardened geopolymer can be cured by, for example, sealed curing or steam curing. That is, the hardening process can be performed by sealed curing or steam curing.

[0057] Although several embodiments have been described above, the present disclosure is not limited to the above embodiments. For example, the present disclosure includes the following contents [1] to

[11] .

[0058] [1] A geopolymer composition preparation kit comprising a solid composition and a liquid composition in a separated state, The solid composition includes silica fume and an inorganic filler; The liquid composition comprises an alkali hydroxide including at least one selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, and water; The inorganic filler includes fly ash, ground granulated blast furnace slag, and biomass incineration ash, A kit for preparing a geopolymer composition, wherein the volume ratio of the blast furnace slag powder in the inorganic filler is greater than the volume ratio of the biomass incineration ash. [2] When the fly ash content in the inorganic filler is FA [volume%], the blast furnace slag powder content is BS [volume%], and the biomass incineration ash content is BA [volume%], BS / (FA + BA) is 0.12 or more. [1] A kit for preparing a geopolymer composition. [3] When the fly ash content in the inorganic filler is FA [volume%] and the biomass incineration ash content is BA [volume%], BA / FA is 0.10 or more. [1] or [2] A kit for preparing a geopolymer composition. [4] When the fly ash content in the inorganic filler is FA [volume%], the content of the blast furnace slag powder is BS [volume%], and the content of biomass incineration ash is BA [volume%], BS / (BS + FA + BA) is 0.15 to 0.80, [1] to [3]. A kit for preparing a geopolymer composition according to any one of [1] to [3]. [5] The solid composition contains a retarder, [1] to [4], the kit for preparing a geopolymer composition described in any one of [1] to [4]. [6] At least one of the solid composition and the liquid composition contains at least one of a water-reducing agent and an antifoaming agent, [1] to [5] A kit for preparing a geopolymer composition according to any one of the above. [7] The volume ratio of the total of the alkali hydroxide, the silica fume, and the water to the total inorganic filler is 0.6 to 1.6, [1] to [6]. A kit for preparing a geopolymer composition according to any one of [1] to [6]. [8] A geopolymer composition obtained by blending the solid composition and the liquid composition in the geopolymer composition preparation kit according to at least one of [1] to [7]. [9] A geopolymer hardened body obtained by hardening a mixture of the solid composition and the liquid composition in the geopolymer composition preparation kit according to any one of [1] to [8] above.

[10] A first preparation step of preparing a solid composition containing silica fume and an inorganic filler containing fly ash, ground granulated blast furnace slag, and biomass incineration ash; a second preparation step of preparing a liquid composition containing water and an alkali hydroxide containing at least one selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide; A blending step of blending at least the solid composition and the liquid composition to obtain a geopolymer composition; A method for producing a geopolymer composition, wherein the volume ratio of the blast furnace slag powder in the inorganic filler is greater than the volume ratio of the biomass incineration ash.

[11] A method for producing a geopolymer hardened body, comprising a hardening step of hardening the geopolymer composition produced by the manufacturing method described in

[10] above. [Example]

[0059] The present disclosure will be described in more detail with reference to examples and comparative examples, but the present disclosure is not limited to the following examples.

[0060] [Preparation of Geopolymer Composition 1] The materials used as raw materials for the geopolymer composition were listed in Table 1 below. The chemical compositions of silica fume, fly ash type II, ground blast furnace slag, biomass fly ash (1), biomass fly ash (2), biomass bottom ash (1), and biomass bottom ash (2) were as shown in Table 2. Analysis of the chemical compositions was performed using an X-ray fluorescence analyzer (Rigaku Corporation, product name: ZSX100e).

[0061] [Table 1]

[0062] [Table 2]

[0063] (Comparative Examples 1 to 6, Examples 1 to 12) A geopolymer composition was prepared using the materials shown in Table 1. Specifically, the liquid composition was prepared by mixing the liquid ingredients, and the solid composition was prepared by mixing the solid ingredients. The geopolymer composition was prepared by mixing the liquid composition and the solid composition using a mortar mixer. The liquid composition was prepared by blending a caustic soda solution (SH), water (w), an AE water-reducing agent (Ad), and an antifoaming agent (DF).

[0064] The solid composition was prepared by mixing silica fume (SF), fly ash type II (FA), ground blast furnace slag (BS), biomass fly ash (1) (BA), biomass fly ash (2) (BA), biomass bottom ash (1) (BA) or biomass bottom ash (2) (BA), sea sand (S1), crushed sand (S2), and retarder (Re) in a mortar mixer for 30 seconds. In Comparative Examples 1 and 2, biomass incineration ash (BA) was not added. The liquid composition described above was then added to the mortar mixer and mixed for 90 seconds. After scraping, the mixture was mixed again for 90 seconds. In this manner, the geopolymer compositions of each Example and Comparative Example were prepared.

[0065] 1 m of the geopolymer composition prepared in each example and comparative example 3 The unit amount of each material per 100g is shown in Table 3. The "BA Type" column in Table 3 lists the type of biomass incineration ash used, following the notation in Table 1. "Fly ash (1)" and "fly ash (2)" in this column refer to "biomass fly ash (1)" and "biomass fly ash (2)" in Table 1, respectively. "Bottom ash (1)" and "bottom ash (2)" refer to "biomass bottom ash (1)" and "biomass bottom ash (2)" in Table 1, respectively. The amount of inorganic filler (F) in each example and comparative example was kept constant on a volume basis. The amounts of retarder (Re), AE water-reducing agent (Ad), and antifoaming agent (DF) were each mixed in a constant mass ratio relative to the total mass of inorganic filler (F), as shown in Table 4.

[0066] [Table 3]

[0067] In Table 3, the symbol "L" indicates the total of caustic soda solution (SH), water (w), and silica fume (SF), the symbol "F" indicates the total of inorganic filler (F) (the total of fly ash type II (FA), ground granulated blast furnace slag (BS), and biomass incineration ash (BA)), and the symbol "S" indicates the total of fine aggregate (S) (the total of sea sand (S1) and crushed sand (S2)). Table 4 uses these symbols to show the ratio or proportion of each component and each material contained in the geopolymer composition.

[0068] In Table 4, "A / W" indicates the molar ratio of alkali metal to water contained in the geopolymer composition. The water contained in the geopolymer composition is the sum of the water contained in the caustic soda solution (SH) and tap water (W). In Table 4, "Si / A" indicates the molar ratio of silicon dioxide (SiO2) to the alkali metal contained in L, and "unit water amount" is the unit amount of water contained in the caustic soda solution (SH) and the sum of water (W).

[0069] [Table 4]

[0070] [Evaluation of geopolymer composition] <Evaluation of compressive strength> The geopolymer compositions of each example and comparative example were poured into a designated formwork, and then subjected to sealed curing and steam curing at a maximum temperature of 60°C. Sealed curing was carried out in a constant temperature and humidity chamber at a temperature of 20±2°C and a relative humidity of 60±5% until the material was 28 days old. Steam curing was carried out by pre-setting the material at 20°C for 3 hours, followed by steam heating to 60°C at a rate of 13.3°C / hr, maintaining the temperature for 3 hours, and then cooling to 20°C at a rate of 13.3°C / hr. The material was then demolded at 1 day old, and subsequently cured in air in a constant temperature and humidity chamber at a temperature of 20±2°C and a relative humidity of 60±5%. The compressive strength of cylindrical specimens (50 mm diameter x 100 mm height) obtained by steam curing and sealed curing was measured at 28 days old. The results are shown in Table 5. Note that "-" in Table 5 indicates that the measurement was not performed.

[0071] <Evaluation of the 15-stroke flow> To confirm the fresh properties of the geopolymer compositions of Examples 7 to 9 and Comparative Examples 2 and 5, a 15-stroke flow test was conducted on some of the geopolymer compositions. The 15-stroke flow test was conducted in accordance with JIS R 5201:2015 "Physical Testing Methods for Cement." The results are shown in Table 5.

[0072] [Table 5]

[0073] Table 5 also shows the volumetric component ratio of the inorganic filler. As shown in Table 5, when comparing the compressive strength of the hardened geopolymer bodies of Comparative Examples 1 and 2, which have different blending ratios of fly ash II (FA) and ground granulated blast furnace slag (BS), Comparative Example 2, which has a higher blending ratio of ground granulated blast furnace slag (BS), had a higher compressive strength. When comparing the results of Examples 1 to 12 and Comparative Examples 3 to 6, in which part of the fly ash II (FA) or ground granulated blast furnace slag (BS) was replaced with biomass incineration ash (BA) based on the blending ratio of Comparative Example 2, Examples 1 to 12, in which the volume ratio of ground granulated blast furnace slag (BS) was higher than the volume ratio of biomass incineration ash (BA), had higher compressive strength than Comparative Examples 3 to 6, in which this was not the case. Furthermore, the 15-stroke flow measurement results confirmed that the geopolymer compositions of Examples 7 to 9, which contained biomass incineration ash (BA), had sufficiently excellent fresh properties.

Claims

1. A geopolymer composition preparation kit comprising a solid composition and a liquid composition in a separated state, The solid composition includes silica fume and an inorganic filler; The liquid composition comprises an alkali hydroxide including at least one selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, and water; The inorganic filler includes fly ash, ground granulated blast furnace slag, and biomass incineration ash, A kit for preparing a geopolymer composition, wherein the volume ratio of the blast furnace slag powder in the inorganic filler is greater than the volume ratio of the biomass incineration ash.

2. When the content of the fly ash in the inorganic filler is FA [volume%], the content of the blast furnace slag powder is BS [volume%], and the content of the biomass incineration ash is BA [volume%], BS / (FA + BA) is 0.12 or more. The kit for preparing a geopolymer composition according to claim 1.

3. 2. The geopolymer composition preparation kit according to claim 1, wherein BA / FA is 0.10 or more when the content of the fly ash in the inorganic filler is FA [volume%] and the content of the biomass incineration ash is BA [volume%].

4. When the content of the fly ash in the inorganic filler is FA [volume%], the content of the blast furnace slag powder is BS [volume%], and the content of the biomass incineration ash is BA [volume%], BS / (BS + FA + BA) is 0.15 to 0.

80. The geopolymer composition preparation kit according to claim 1, wherein the kit is for preparing a polymer composition.

5. 2. The kit for preparing a geopolymer composition according to claim 1, wherein the solid composition comprises a retarder.

6. 2. The kit for preparing a geopolymer composition according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the solid composition and the liquid composition comprises at least one of a water-reducing agent and an antifoaming agent.

7. 2. The kit for preparing a geopolymer composition according to claim 1, wherein the volume ratio of the total of the alkali hydroxide, the silica fume, and the water to the total inorganic filler is 0.6 to 1.

6.

8. A geopolymer composition obtained by mixing the solid composition and the liquid composition in the geopolymer composition preparation kit according to at least any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A geopolymer hardened body obtained by hardening a mixture of the solid composition and the liquid composition in the geopolymer composition preparation kit according to at least any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A first preparation step of preparing a solid composition containing silica fume and an inorganic filler containing fly ash, ground granulated blast furnace slag, and biomass incineration ash; a second preparation step of preparing a liquid composition containing water and an alkali hydroxide containing at least one selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide; A blending step of blending at least the solid composition and the liquid composition to obtain a geopolymer composition; A method for producing a geopolymer composition, wherein the volume ratio of the blast furnace slag powder in the inorganic filler is greater than the volume ratio of the biomass incineration ash.

11. A method for producing a hardened geopolymer, comprising a hardening step of hardening the geopolymer composition produced by the manufacturing method according to claim 10.

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