Fire-resistant coating structure

Abstract

To provide a fireproof covering structure which is simple in structure, inexpensive in construction cost, and capable of exhibiting prescribed fireproof performance.SOLUTION: There is provided a fireproof covering structure T. A steel frame column 10 (steel member) is covered with a plurality of wooden covering materials 20 (wooden members). A joint portion 27 is formed by abutting end surfaces (end surfaces 21a) of adjacent wooden covering materials 20. A backing plate 23 (blocking member) for closing the joint portion 27 is provided on the steel frame column 10 side of the joint portion 27.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a fire-resistant coating structure for a steel member. [Background technology]

[0002] The strength of steel members used in structures decreases under high temperatures. Therefore, in order to prevent damage or collapse of steel-framed structures due to fire, measures have been taken to cover the surfaces of steel members with fire-resistant coating materials that have thermal insulation properties. Conventionally, non-combustible and flame-retardant materials such as mortar coating, calcium silicate board coating, asbestos slate board coating, concrete coating, and sprayed asbestos coating have been used as fire-resistant coatings, and fire resistance for a specified period of time has been ensured. Recently, on the other hand, technologies using wooden members have been developed from the viewpoints of improving workability, weight reduction, environmental measures, etc. For example, there exists a fireproof structure in which the surface of a steel member is covered with a fireproof coating material, and a wooden material is laminated on the surface of the fireproof coating material (Patent Document 1). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2-58651 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] The allowable temperature of steel members on which long-term allowable loads act is limited to approximately 500°C to 550°C. For this reason, wooden members were previously thought to be unsuitable as fire-resistant covering materials, as they would carbonize as the temperature rose and could fall off due to their own weight. However, the carbonization rate of wooden components is usually around 0.6 mm / min to 1.0 mm / min. It became apparent that if the wooden components have a certain thickness and remain until the required heating time, the temperature of the steel components can be suppressed and they can be used as fire-resistant coating materials, which led to the development of the conventional technology.

[0005] However, in conventional fireproof structures that use plate-shaped fireproof coating materials, gaps form in the joints where the fireproof coating materials meet, which makes the joints weak spots through which heat can penetrate, making it difficult to achieve the required fireproof performance, and so a solution was needed.

[0006] The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and aims to provide a fire-resistant covering structure that is simple in structure, inexpensive to install, and capable of exhibiting the required fire resistance performance. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] In order to solve the above problems, the fire-resistant coated structure of the present invention (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as "the present fire-resistant coated structure") is characterized in that wooden members are used as fire-resistant coating members for steel members, and joints that are weak points in terms of fire resistance are blocked with specified members, thereby improving fire resistance.

[0008] That is, in this fire-resistant covering structure, the periphery of a steel member is covered with a plurality of wooden members, each of the wooden members has a flat plate shape with at least one end face formed flat, and at least one location, the flat end faces of adjacent wooden members installed in the vertical direction are butted against each other to form a horizontal joint, and a blocking member for blocking the joint is provided on the steel member side of the joint, and a girders are provided on the surface of the steel member at a predetermined interval so as to be parallel to the vertical direction, via a base material, and the girders are formed by connecting the upper wooden members to the wooden members. Department The upper wooden frame is installed at the position of the material, and the lower wooden frame is installed at the position of the material. Department The lower furring strips are provided at the position of the material, spaced apart at a predetermined interval, and the blocking member is attached between the upper furring strip and the lower furring strip. In addition, in this fire-resistant covering structure, a steel member is covered with a plurality of wooden members, each of the wooden members has a flat plate shape with at least one end face formed flat, and at least one location, the flat end faces of adjacent wooden members installed horizontally are butted against each other to form a vertical joint, and a blocking member for blocking the joint is provided on the steel member side of the joint, and rough girders are extended on the surface of the steel members at a predetermined interval and parallel to the vertical direction, and the blocking member is attached between each of the rough girders.

[0009] In addition, in the fire-resistant covering structure, a steel member is covered with a plurality of wooden members, and each of the wooden members is rectangular shape A flat plate formed on and backing square timber. and, in at least one place, one of the above Wood in a slab An end face, Adjacent The other above flat plate By abutting the edge of the back surface of Vertically A joint portion is formed, and a sealing member for sealing the joint portion is provided on the steel member side of the joint portion. The above backing square material It is provided The surface of the steel member is provided with a girders extending thereon at a predetermined interval and parallel to the vertical direction via a base material, and the flat plate is attached to the girders. It is characterized by the following.

[0010] Here, the end face of a wooden component having a flat board shape refers to the butt end face (the side on the short side) and the end face (wooden side face) (the side on the long side), and it is sufficient that at least one end face of adjacent wooden components is formed flat. In addition, the steel components to be covered can be of any type, including steel frame components such as H-shaped steel, square steel pipes, and circular steel pipes, and can be used in any manner, including as columns, beams, etc. Furthermore, each wooden member may have a flat plate shape with at least one end surface (end grain surface or end grain surface) formed flat, and the dimensions thereof can be appropriately determined depending on the embodiment. Furthermore, as long as the covering member is capable of blocking the joint, it can be made of plate material, square timber, etc., and its shape, dimensions, etc. can be appropriately determined depending on the embodiment.

[0011] Furthermore, in this fire-resistant covering structure, the steel members are covered with a plurality of wooden members. In this case, it is necessary to surround the entire periphery of the steel members so that they are not exposed to fire, etc., but the details of the wooden members in the surrounding area, such as the cross-sectional shape, number, installation mode, and number of joints, can be appropriately determined depending on the embodiment. In particular, the cross-sectional shape of the wooden members in the enclosed area can be determined taking into consideration the shape of the steel members and their decoration, such as rectangular shapes and other polygonal shapes, and in terms of installation manner, multiple wooden members can be arranged side by side in the horizontal or vertical direction.

[0012] According to this fire-resistant covering structure, a blocking member is provided on the steel member side of the joints between the wooden members to block the joints. Therefore, even if a fire progresses and a gap is formed in the joints, it is possible to prevent heat from entering through the gap, and it is possible to effectively provide fire resistance even when wood is used as a fire-resistant covering material.

[0013] In the present fire-resistant covering structure, it is preferable that the blocking member is made of wood and is attached to the wooden member by a fastener. Here, the fastener may be a metal fitting such as a screw, a nail, or the like.

[0014] According to this fire-resistant covering structure, the blocking member is made of wood and is attached to the wooden member with fasteners, so that the blocking member and the wooden member can be integrated to provide the effect of the fire-resistant covering material. In addition, since the blocking member can be easily attached to the wooden member, the workability can be improved.

[0015] Furthermore, in this fire-resistant covering structure, if the blocking member is pre-attached to a predetermined position of the wooden member, this further improves workability, shortens construction time, and reduces costs, which is preferable.

[0016] Furthermore, even if wooden components have cracks or knots, they can be easily repaired by filling the affected areas with various repair materials such as epoxy resin and acrylic resin. Effect of the Invention

[0017] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a fire-resistant covering structure using wooden members that has a simple structure, is inexpensive to install, and is capable of exhibiting a predetermined fire resistance performance. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0018] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a fire resistant covered structure of the present invention with some wood covering removed. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. [Diagram 3] FIG. 1 is a side view of a fire resistant covered structure of the present invention with some wood cladding removed. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a fire-resistant covering structure according to another embodiment of the present invention with some of the wood covering removed. [Diagram 5] 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0019] Hereinafter, with reference to the drawings, an example of an embodiment of the fire-resistant covering structure T will be described in detail, taking as an example a case in which a steel column 10 is used as a steel member and wooden covering materials 20, 20', 30' are used as wooden members. In the description based on the drawings, the same elements are given the same reference numerals, and duplicated explanations will be omitted.

[0020] [Fireproof coating structure of the first embodiment] In the fire-resistant covering structure T of the first embodiment, a square steel pipe steel column 10 is covered with a plurality of wooden covering materials 20. The wooden covering materials 20 are set in groups of four wooden covering materials 20 of the same shape, and the groups of four wooden covering materials 20 are installed in two rows (total of eight wooden covering materials) in the vertical direction (height direction) (Figs. 1 to 3).

[0021] On the surface of each side of the steel column 10, two elongated girders 11 are installed parallel to the vertical direction at a predetermined interval via a rectangular piece of base material 12. The girders 11 are an upper girder 11 installed at the position of the upper wooden cladding material 20, and a lower girder (not shown) installed at the position of the lower wooden cladding material 20, which are installed at a predetermined interval. board 23 will be installed. The base material 12 is welded to appropriate positions on the surface of the steel column 10.

[0022] The wooden covering material 20 is formed of a flat plate 21 (wooden member) and a backing square timber (closing member) 22. The flat plate 21 has a rectangular shape, and is formed so that the butt end surface 21a and end surface 21b on all four sides are flat. The backing square timber 22B (22) is attached in advance to the back surface of the flat plate 21B (22) (the surface that will face the steel column 10 when placed) with a screw 29 (fastening device) near one of the vertical edges of the flat plate 21B (21), with a gap from that edge that is the width of the wood end surface 21Ab (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as the "wood end surface") of the flat plate 21A of the wooden covering material 20A (20) to be joined (hereinafter, for ease of explanation, in Figure 1, only the necessary elements for each wooden covering material 20 will be distinguished by being given the symbols A, B, X).

[0023] The wooden covering material 20 is attached to the outer surface (the side not facing the steel column 10, the same applies below) of the rough girders 11 on each side of the steel column 10 at a predetermined position with screws 29. The entire wood end surface 21Ab of the wooden covering material 20 is abutted and joined to the rear edge of the adjacent wooden covering material 20 without leaving any gaps. With this structure, a joint 26 is arranged in the vertical direction at the corner, and the backing square timber 22B can close the joint 26 at the corner.

[0024] In addition, the wooden covering materials 20 adjacent in the height direction are butted together such that the lower end surface 21Aa(21a) (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as the "end surface") of the flat plate 21A(21) of the upper wooden covering material 20A(20) and the upper end surface 21Xa(21a) of the lower wooden covering material 20X(20) are butted together completely without any gaps, thereby forming a joint joint 27A(27) in the horizontal direction. A backing plate 23A(23) (closing member) is attached from the outer surface side with screws 29 to the surface of the joint joint 27A(27) facing the steel column 10 over the entire length of the joint joint 27A(27) so as to close the gap in the joint joint 27A(27). In addition, board 23A may be attached to one of the wooden cladding materials 20 in advance.

[0025] [Effects of this fireproof coating structure] According to this fire-resistant covering structure T, a backing square timber 22 and a backing plate 23 for closing the joints 26, 27 are provided on the side of the steel column 10 at the joints 26, 27 of the wooden covering material 20. Therefore, even if gaps are formed at the joints 26, 27 due to the progression of a fire, it is possible to prevent heat from entering through the gaps, and it is possible to effectively exert fire resistance even when wood is used as a fire-resistant covering material.

[0026] Furthermore, according to this fire-resistant covering structure T, the wooden backing square timber 22 and the backing plate 23 are attached to the wooden covering material 20 with the screws 29, and therefore the backing square timber 22 and the backing plate 23 are integrated with the wooden covering material 20 to provide a fire-resistant covering effect. In addition, the backing square timber 22 and the backing plate 23 can be easily attached to the wooden covering material 20, which improves workability. In particular, since the backing beam 22 is attached in advance to the back surface of the wooden covering material 20 with screws 29, workability is improved, and construction time and costs can be reduced.

[0027] In this way, the fire-resistant covering structure T can actively use wood as a fire-resistant covering material. As an associated effect, it can be an environmentally friendly structure by reducing carbon dioxide emissions. In addition, it has excellent design, texture and visual effects, and a good tactile feel, and can provide various effects such as a relaxing scent, moisture control and deodorizing effects, a germicidal effect, and an immune system boosting effect.

[0028] [Fireproof coating structure of the second embodiment] The fire-resistant covering structure T of the first embodiment comprises a set of four wooden covering materials 20 of the same shape, which are installed in two rows (a total of eight pieces) in the vertical direction (height direction). On the other hand, the fire-resistant covering structure T' of the second embodiment has two wooden covering materials 20', 30' arranged side by side horizontally on each face of the steel column 10' (Figs. 4 and 5). The only difference between the fire-resistant structure T' of the second embodiment and the fire-resistant structure T of the first embodiment is the wooden covering materials 20, 30' (the only differences are the dimensions of the steel column 10', girders 11' and base material 12'). Below, only the differences will be explained.

[0029] In the second embodiment of the fire-resistant covering structure T', two identical wooden covering materials 20', 30' (two types x four sheets) are used on each opposing surface (in the following description, one wooden covering material will be referred to as the first wooden covering material 20' and the other wooden covering material will be referred to as the second wooden covering material 30').

[0030] The first wooden covering material 20' comprises a flat plate 21' and backing square timbers 22'. The flat plate 21' is rectangular in shape and is formed so that the end grain and end wood surfaces on all four sides are flat. Each backing square timber 22' is attached vertically to the back surface of the flat plate 21' of the first wooden covering material 20' near one vertical edge of the flat plate 21' with a gap of the width of the end wood surface 30b' of the second wooden covering material 30' to be joined from that edge by a screw 29'. The second real wooden covering material 30' is a flat plate formed so that the butt end surface and the end surface 21b' are flat.

[0031] The first wooden cladding material 20' is attached to the two opposing faces of the steel column 10' at a predetermined position on the joist 11' from the outside with screws 29' so that each face is symmetrical. The first wooden cladding materials 20' adjacent in the left-right direction are butted against each other with the entire opposing wood end faces 21b' of the flat plates 21', so that no gaps are formed, forming a joint section 27' in the vertical direction. A backing plate 23' is attached to the surface of the joint section 27' facing the steel column 10' from the outside of the first wooden cladding material 20' with screws 29' so as to close the gaps in the joint section 27' over the entire length of the joint section 27'.

[0032] In addition, the left and right end faces 30b' of the second wooden covering material 30' are abutted against the rear edge of the first wooden covering material 20' at the other two opposing faces, and joined without leaving any gaps. With this structure, a joining joint 26' is formed in the vertical direction at the corner. On the other hand, a backing square member 22' is provided on the steel column 10' side of the corner joint portion 26', and the backing square member 22' is capable of blocking the corner joint portion 26'.

[0033] The second wooden covering materials 30' adjacent in the left-right direction have their opposing wood end faces 30b' butted together completely so as to not create any gaps, thereby forming a vertical joint 37'. A backing plate 23' is attached to the surface of the joint 37' facing the steel column 10' over the entire length of the joint 37' from the outer surface side of the second wooden covering material 30' with screws 29' so as to close the gaps in the joint 37'. Each backing plate 23' is provided in a space formed between two joists 11' arranged side by side.

[0034] With the fire-resistant coating structure T' of the second embodiment described above, the presence of the backing square timber 22' and the backing plate 23' provided at the joint portions 26', 27', and 37' makes it possible to achieve the same effect as the first embodiment.

[0035] While one example of a preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and appropriate design changes can be made to each element without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0036] As described above, there are no limitations on the various aspects of the wooden members and the blocking members, and the most suitable components can be used. In addition, the fire-resistant covering structure is exemplified by the minimum necessary components, and other necessary components may be added as long as they do not impede the effects of the present invention. In particular, the shapes of the wooden members and the closing members, and the positions, shapes, numbers, etc. of the joints can be appropriately determined depending on the embodiment. EXAMPLES

[0037] [Verification of the effectiveness of this fireproof coating structure] A loaded heating experiment was conducted to verify the effectiveness of this fire-resistant covering structure. (1) Test specimen The test specimens used were the fireproof covering structure of the first embodiment, in which two types of steel columns with different dimensions were covered with wooden covering materials. Note that two of each test specimen were prepared in consideration of the variability of the results, and a total of four specimens were tested.

[0038] The steel column of the first specimen was a square steel pipe (STKR490) measuring 300 mm x 300 mm x 9 mm and had a length of 3000 mm. Two pieces of wooden cladding were placed on the top and bottom of each side. The wooden cladding plates used for the steel columns of the first specimen were 456mm x 1500mm x 36mm in size, and the backing square timbers were 32mm x 32mm and 1500mm long. In addition, a flat plate measuring 456 mm x 120 mm x 30 mm was used as the backing material for the joint between the upper and lower wooden covering materials.

[0039] The steel columns of the second specimen were square steel pipes (STKR490) measuring 650 mm x 650 mm x 16 mm and 3000 mm in length. Two pieces of wooden covering material were placed on the top and bottom of each side. The flat plate of wooden covering material used for the steel column of the second specimen had a flat surface of 806 mm x 1500 mm x 36 mm, and the backing square timber had a size of 32 mm x 32 mm and a length of 1500 mm. Additionally, a flat plate measuring 806 mm x 120 mm x 30 mm was used as the backing material for the joint between the upper and lower wooden covering materials. Cedar wood was used for the wooden covering material, backing timber and backing board.

[0040] (2) Experimental method and results The loaded heating experiment was carried out by placing each test specimen in the centre of the heating furnace and applying a prescribed load (first test specimen: 2072kN, second test specimen: 8378kN) according to a standard heating curve conforming to ISO834. The temperature of the steel column at the prescribed location, the collapse time of the steel column, the collapse displacement of the steel column, etc. were measured.

[0041] [First test piece] According to the test results of the first specimen, the upper wooden covering peeled off about 43 minutes after heating, exposing the steel pipe column to the outside. After that, the steel temperature rose because part of the steel pipe column was directly exposed to the flames, and when the average temperature of the upper part of the steel pipe column reached about 800℃, it buckled locally and collapsed about 54 minutes after heating. The vertical expansion displacement at the time of collapse was -9.07mm. The second test specimen produced similar results.

[0042] [Second test piece] According to the test results of the first specimen, about 36 minutes after heating, the upper wooden covering peeled off, exposing the steel pipe column to the outside. After that, the steel temperature rose because part of the steel pipe column was directly exposed to the flames, and when the average temperature of the upper part of the steel pipe column reached about 700°C, it buckled locally and collapsed about 49 minutes after heating. The vertical expansion displacement at the time of collapse was -6.71 mm. The second test specimen produced similar results.

[0043] According to the above experimental results, although the results differed depending on the dimensions and load of the steel column, it was confirmed that effective fire protection effects could be obtained at least for the 30 minutes required for fire protection and the 45 minutes required for the semi-fireproof structure of steel columns. The experimental results demonstrated that it is possible to further improve the fire resistance performance by improving the quality and shape of the wooden protection material. [Explanation of symbols]

[0044] T,T' Fireproof coating structure (main fireproof coating structure) 10,10' Steel column 11,11' Rough edge 12,12' Base material 20 Wooden cladding 20' No. 1 wooden cladding 30' 2nd wooden cladding 21,21' Flat board (wooden member) 21a End surface 21b,21b',30b Wood end surface 22,22' Backing square material (closing member) 23, 23' Backing plate (closing member) 26, 27, 26', 27', 37' Joint section 29 Screws (fasteners)

Claims

1. In a fire-resistant structure in which steel members are surrounded by multiple wooden members, Each of the wooden members has a flat plate shape with at least one end surface formed flat, At least one location is formed by butting the flat end faces of the adjacent wooden members installed in the vertical direction against each other to form a horizontal joint portion; A blocking member for blocking the joint portion is provided on the steel member side of the joint portion, A fire-resistant coating structure characterized in that a furring strip is extended on the surface of the steel member with a base material interposed therebetween so as to be parallel to the vertical direction at a predetermined interval, the furring strip consisting of an upper furring strip provided at the position of the upper wooden member and a lower furring strip provided at the position of the lower wooden member, the upper furring strip being provided at the position of the upper wooden member and being spaced apart at a predetermined interval, and the blocking member being attached between the upper furring strip and the lower furring strip.

2. A fire-resistant covering structure in which a steel member is surrounded by a plurality of wooden members, Each of the wooden members has a flat plate shape with at least one end surface formed flat, At least one location of the wooden members is formed in a vertical direction by butting the flat end faces of the wooden members that are adjacent to each other and are installed in a horizontal direction, A blocking member for blocking the joint portion is provided on the steel member side of the joint portion, A fire-resistant coating structure characterized in that rough sills are extended on the surface of the steel members at predetermined intervals and parallel to the vertical direction via a base material, and the blocking members are attached between each of the rough sills.

3. In a fire-resistant structure in which steel members are surrounded by multiple wooden members, Each of the wooden members is formed from a flat plate formed in a rectangular shape and a backing square timber, At least one location is formed by abutting the edge of the wood end surface of one of the flat plates and the edge of the back surface of the adjacent other flat plate, forming a joint portion in the vertical direction; The backing square bar for closing the joint portion is provided on the steel member side of the joint portion, A fire-resistant coating structure characterized in that a rough sill is extended on the surface of the steel member at a predetermined interval and parallel to the vertical direction via a base material, and the flat plate is attached to the rough sill.

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