Vertical hole drainage construction method

Abstract

To provide a construction method of a vertical hole drain channel capable of guiding runoff on a soil surface and seepage in the soil.SOLUTION: A construction method of a vertical hole drain channel includes the steps of: providing a plurality of vertical hole drain channels at a predetermined depth from the ground surface; identifying arrangement positions of the vertical hole drain channels from soil hardness distribution data, or the soil hardness distribution data and soil moisture content distribution data; and determining points whose soil hardness is high from the soil hardness distribution data and whose soil moisture is high from the soil moisture content distribution data as the arrangement positions of the vertical hole drain channels.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for constructing a vertical hole drainage channel. [Background technology]

[0002] Each crop has an optimal groundwater level, and open drains are constructed for surface drainage, while underdrains are constructed for underground infiltration drainage. Open drains drain excess water by creating a waterway on the surface of the field, while underground drains break up the tillage pan to drain excess water in the soil to the lower layer. Open and covered culverts require digging horizontal trenches or holes, which requires a large construction area, and the trenches and holes must be connected to allow water to flow, and they must also be sloped toward the drainage ditch. When constructing an underdrain, special machinery and equipment are required, and even when constructing an open drain, a tractor with a certain amount of horsepower is required to dig a trench of a certain depth. Patent Document 1 proposes a device for collecting soil samples for soil condition analysis. Patent Document 1 describes a soil collection unit provided at the front or rear of a self-propelled machine via a lifting mechanism. Patent Document 1 also discloses that the soil collection unit is composed of a cylinder and a screw inside the cylinder, and that the cylinder is inserted into the ground and the screw is rotated to take in soil into the cylinder, after which the soil is retained inside the cylinder. Furthermore, Patent Document 2 discloses that, in parallel with the excavation, the collected underground fluid is analyzed for contaminants and their concentrations are measured. The present inventors have already proposed a method for diagnosing soil physical properties in farm fields, and the soil hardness data used in this soil physical property diagnosis method can be used to appropriately construct the vertical hole drainage channel of the present invention (Patent Document 3). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2004-124509 A [Patent Document 2] JP 2003-279452 A [Patent Document 3] JP 2019-20395 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] However, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 are not related to the construction of a vertical hole drainage channel in the first place. In addition, Patent Document 1 does not measure the properties of the soil pulled up from the ground surface while excavating, but collects soil samples. In addition, Patent Document 2 targets volatile pollutants such as volatile organic substances and oils as the measurement targets, and involves sucking in underground fluids such as underground air through a suction hole, analyzing the pollutants contained in the collected underground fluid, and measuring their concentrations.

[0005] The present invention aims to provide a method for constructing a vertical hole drainage channel that can guide runoff water from the soil surface and seepage water in the soil. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The method for constructing a vertical hole drainage channel according to the present invention described in claim 1 is as follows: A plurality of vertical hole drainage channels are provided at a predetermined depth from the ground surface, and the locations of the vertical hole drainage channels are specified based on the soil hardness distribution data and the soil moisture content distribution data, and the locations of the vertical hole drainage channels are determined based on the soil hardness distribution data where the soil hardness is hard and the soil moisture content distribution data where the soil moisture content is high; The depth of the vertical hole drainage channel is set to the tillage pan layer. The method for constructing a vertical hole drainage channel according to the present invention described in claim 2 is as follows: A plurality of vertical hole drainage channels are provided at a predetermined depth from the ground surface, and the locations of the vertical hole drainage channels are specified based on soil hardness distribution data and soil moisture content distribution data, and a point where the soil hardness is soft based on the soil hardness distribution data and the soil moisture content distribution data is high is determined as the location of the vertical hole drainage channel; The depth of the vertical hole drainage channel is made deeper than the tillage pan layer. The method for constructing a vertical hole drainage channel according to the present invention as described in claim 3 is as follows: A plurality of vertical hole drainage channels are provided at a predetermined depth from the ground surface, and the locations of the vertical hole drainage channels are specified based on the soil hardness distribution data and the soil moisture content distribution data, and the locations of the vertical hole drainage channels are determined based on the soil hardness distribution data where the soil hardness is hard and the soil moisture content distribution data where the soil moisture content is high; The drainage route using the plurality of vertical hole drainage channels is characterized in that it is provided at a point where the change in soil hardness is small. Claim 4 The present invention as described herein is Claim 1 or claim 2 The method for constructing a vertical hole drainage channel described in the above is characterized in that a plurality of drainage paths are formed using a plurality of the vertical hole drainage channels. Claim 5 The present invention as described The method of constructing a vertical hole drainage channel is to provide a plurality of vertical hole drainage channels at a predetermined depth from the ground surface,The depth of the vertical hole drainage channel is gradually increased in the drainage direction. Claim 6 The present invention as described The method of constructing a vertical hole drainage channel is to provide a plurality of vertical hole drainage channels at a predetermined depth from the ground surface, The vertical hole drainage channel is constructed in an open channel C. Claim 7 The present invention as described above relates to claim 1 to any one of claims 3 The method for constructing a vertical hole drainage channel described in the above is characterized in that the vertical hole drainage channel is constructed without being aligned along an open channel C. Effect of the Invention

[0007] According to the method for constructing a vertical hole drainage channel of the present invention, runoff water from the soil surface and seepage water in the soil can be guided by a plurality of vertical hole drainage channels. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a flow chart showing a method for constructing a vertical hole drainage channel according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 2] Schematic diagram of drainage in soil [Diagram 3] A conceptual diagram showing classification of soil drainage according to rainfall intensity [Figure 4] A diagram showing the relative relationship between soil hardness and soil moisture in a field. [Diagram 5] Diagram showing horizontal distribution of soil moisture in the topsoil of a farm field [Figure 6] FIG. 1 shows an example of a method for constructing a vertical hole drainage channel in a location where the soil is hard and the soil moisture is high. [Figure 7] FIG. 13 shows another embodiment of a method for constructing a vertical hole drainage channel in which the vertical hole drainage channel is located at a point where the soil hardness is hard and the soil moisture is high. [Figure 8] FIG. 1 shows an example of a method for constructing a vertical hole drainage channel in a location where the soil is soft and the soil moisture is high. [Figure 9] FIG. 11 shows another embodiment of a method for constructing a vertical hole drainage channel in which the vertical hole drainage channel is located at a point where the soil hardness is soft and the soil moisture is high. [Figure 10] FIG. 13 shows yet another embodiment of the vertical hole drainage channel construction method. [Figure 11] Diagram showing the depth of the vertical drainage channel [Figure 12] An explanatory diagram showing the construction location of the vertical hole drainage channel [Figure 13] An explanatory diagram showing the construction position of a vertical hole drainage channel different from that shown in Figure 12. [Figure 14] A conceptual diagram of a vertical hole drainage channel construction machine used in the vertical hole drainage channel construction method according to this embodiment, seen from the front. [Figure 15] Conceptual diagram of the vertical hole drainage construction machine seen from below DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0009] The method for constructing a vertical hole drainage channel according to the first embodiment of the present invention is as follows: A plurality of vertical hole drainage channels are provided at a predetermined depth from the ground surface, and the locations of the vertical hole drainage channels are specified based on the soil hardness distribution data and the soil moisture content distribution data, and the locations of the vertical hole drainage channels are determined based on the points where the soil hardness is hard based on the soil hardness distribution data and the soil moisture content distribution data is high; The depth of the vertical hole drainage channel is set to the tillage pan layer. According to this embodiment, Multiple vertical drainage channels can guide runoff water from the soil surface and infiltrating water into the soil. In addition, the location of water damage can be identified by soil hardness and soil moisture, and priorities and measures for improving drainage can be determined. Hard soil and high soil moisture are the cause of acute moisture damage, so this method can prevent moisture damage from occurring. It also effectively promotes surface runoff.

[0010] The method for constructing a vertical hole drainage channel according to the second embodiment of the present invention is as follows: A plurality of vertical hole drainage channels are provided at a predetermined depth from the ground surface, and the locations of the vertical hole drainage channels are specified based on the soil hardness distribution data and the soil moisture content distribution data, and the locations of the vertical hole drainage channels are determined based on the points where the soil hardness is soft based on the soil hardness distribution data and the soil moisture content distribution data is high; This makes the depth of the vertical hole drainage deeper than the tilled pan layer. According to this embodiment, Multiple vertical drainage channels can guide runoff water from the soil surface and infiltrating water into the soil. In addition, the location of water damage can be identified by soil hardness and soil moisture, and priorities and measures for improving drainage can be determined. Since areas with soft soil and high soil moisture are prone to chronic moisture damage, this method can delay the occurrence of moisture damage. It also allows infiltration water to be guided below the tillage pan layer.

[0011] The method for constructing a vertical hole drainage channel according to the third embodiment of the present invention is as follows: A plurality of vertical hole drainage channels are provided at a predetermined depth from the ground surface, and the locations of the vertical hole drainage channels are specified based on the soil hardness distribution data and the soil moisture content distribution data, and the locations of the vertical hole drainage channels are determined based on the points where the soil hardness is hard based on the soil hardness distribution data and the soil moisture content distribution data is high; Drainage routes using multiple vertical drainage channels are provided at points where there is little change in soil hardness. According to this embodiment, Multiple vertical drainage channels can guide runoff water from the soil surface and seepage water in the soil. In addition, the location of moisture damage can be identified based on soil hardness and soil moisture, and priorities and measures for improving drainage can be determined. In addition, since areas with hard soil hardness and high soil moisture are a cause of acute moisture damage, the occurrence of moisture damage can be suppressed. In addition, seepage water can flow more easily along the drainage channels.

[0012] The present invention Fourth The embodiment of the present invention is 1st or 2nd In the embodiment of the vertical hole drainage channel construction method, a plurality of drainage paths are formed using a plurality of vertical hole drainage channels. According to this embodiment, by forming a plurality of drainage paths, it is possible to facilitate the flow of a large amount of seepage water.

[0013] The present invention Fifth Embodiments of the present invention Vertical hole drainage construction method teeth, A plurality of vertical drainage channels are provided at a predetermined depth from the ground surface, The depth of the vertical hole drainage channel is gradually increased in the drainage direction. According to this embodiment, A plurality of vertical drainage channels can guide runoff water from the soil surface and infiltrating water in the soil. It can effectively guide the seepage water.

[0014] The present invention Sixth Embodiments of the present invention Vertical hole drainage construction method teeth, A plurality of vertical drainage channels are provided at a predetermined depth from the ground surface, This involves constructing a vertical hole drainage channel into an open channel. According to this embodiment, A plurality of vertical drainage channels can guide runoff water from the soil surface and infiltrating water in the soil. By constructing an open drainage channel, the vertical hole drainage channel can be made shallow, which reduces the unevenness of the field surface and reduces the steering error caused by the unevenness of the field surface when operating agricultural machinery such as tractors.

[0015] The present invention Seventh The embodiment of the present invention is to third In the embodiment of the method for constructing a vertical hole drainage channel, the vertical hole drainage channel is constructed without being aligned along an open channel. According to this embodiment, the vertical hole drainage channel can be constructed without running along an open channel. EXAMPLES

[0016] A method for constructing a vertical hole drainage channel according to one embodiment of the present invention will now be described.

[0017] FIG. 1 is a flow diagram showing a method for constructing a vertical hole drainage channel according to this embodiment. The method for constructing a vertical hole drainage channel according to the present embodiment uses soil hardness distribution data and soil moisture content distribution data. The locations of moisture damage can be identified based on the soil hardness and soil moisture, and the priority order and measures for improving drainage can be determined. In the method for constructing a vertical hole drainage channel according to this embodiment, the location of the vertical hole drainage channel is specified based on the soil hardness and soil moisture (S1), and the depth of the vertical hole drainage channel is determined (S2). Then, a vertical hole drainage channel construction machine is used to construct a vertical hole drainage channel of the determined depth at the specified installation position (S3). According to the vertical hole drainage channel construction method of this embodiment, a drainage path is formed by providing multiple vertical hole drainage channels at a predetermined depth from the ground surface, and the runoff water from the soil surface and the infiltrating water in the soil can be guided by the drainage path formed by the multiple vertical hole drainage channels.

[0018] Figure 2 is a conceptual diagram of drainage in soil. In a farm field, the soil has a plowed soil layer from the surface to a certain depth, and below the plowed soil layer is a tillage pan layer. Rainwater runs off the surface of the plowed soil layer, seeps through the tillage pan layer, passes through the lower layers, and seeps downward. Depending on the balance between "input" (rain) and "output" (surface runoff and downward seepage) in the diagram, it is possible to determine where the water will accumulate. In the present invention, locations where water is likely to accumulate are determined based on the relationship between the horizontal distribution of soil hardness and the horizontal distribution of soil moisture at the position of the tilled soil layer slightly above the tilled pan layer.

[0019] Figure 3 is a conceptual diagram showing the classification of soil drainage according to rainfall intensity. Rainwater first begins to infiltrate into the soil, but when the amount of rainfall exceeds the amount of infiltration, it begins to be drained as surface runoff, and when the surface runoff saturation point is exceeded, water is flooded in the field. In this invention, when the aim is to promote surface runoff, the depth of the vertical hole drainage channel is set to the tillage pan layer, and when the aim is to prevent flooding, the depth of the vertical hole drainage channel is set deeper than the tillage pan layer. When the depth of the vertical hole drainage channel is set to the tillage pan layer, the vertical hole drainage channel may reach the tillage pan layer, but it is not deep enough to exceed the tillage pan layer.

[0020] FIG. 4 shows the relative relationship between soil hardness and soil moisture in a farm field. As shown in Figure 4, soil can be divided into four regions based on soil hardness and soil moisture. The region with hard soil hardness and high soil moisture is a cause of acute moisture damage and has the highest priority for moisture damage countermeasures, while the region with soft soil hardness and high soil moisture is a cause of chronic moisture damage and has the second highest priority for moisture damage countermeasures.

[0021] FIG. 5 shows the horizontal distribution of soil moisture in the topsoil of a farm field. Figure 5(a) shows data showing three horizontal soil moisture distributions measured on different days (i.e., different amounts of precipitation) in the surface soil of the same field. In the three horizontal soil moisture distributions shown in Figure 5(a), the amounts of precipitation are different, but areas that tend to be high in moisture and areas that tend to be low in moisture appear in roughly the same position. Figure 5(b) shows areas that tend to be more moist and areas that tend to be less moist, based on the three horizontal distributions of soil moisture in Figure 5(a).

[0022] FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a method for constructing a vertical hole drainage channel in which the vertical hole drainage channel is located at a point where the soil hardness is hard and the soil moisture is high. In Figure 6, the soil hardness distribution in a field 100 m long and wide is shown by contour lines, and the circles indicate areas 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15 where soil moisture is high. Among areas 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15 with high soil moisture, areas 11, 12, 13, and 14 contain points 21, 22, 23, and 24 with hard soil hardness.

[0023] In the method for constructing a vertical hole drainage channel shown in FIG. 6, vertical hole drainage channels 31, 32, 33, and 34 are provided in areas 11, 12, 13, and 14 where the soil hardness is hard, that is, points 21, 22, 23, and 24, and the soil moisture is high. And, by arranging the vertical hole drainage channels 30 in sequence from the vertical hole drainage channels 31, 32, 33, 34 in the drainage direction, the drainage paths 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D are formed. Since points where the soil is hard and the soil moisture is high are a cause of acute moisture damage, the occurrence of acute moisture damage can be suppressed by locating the vertical hole drainage channels 30, 31, 32, 33, and 34 at points where the soil is hard and the soil moisture is high. In addition, it is preferable that the drainage paths 30A, 30B, 30C, and 30D using the multiple vertical hole drainage channels 30 are provided at points where there is little change in soil hardness. Since soil hardness changes when the contour line width is narrow, the drainage paths 30A, 30B, 30C, and 30D are formed in areas where the contour line width is wide so as not to cross the contour line. In this way, by providing the drainage paths 30A, 30B, 30C, and 30D at points where there is little change in soil hardness, it is possible to make it easier for the seepage water to flow along the drainage paths 30A, 30B, 30C, and 30D.

[0024] FIG. 7 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the method for constructing a vertical hole drainage channel in which the vertical hole drainage channel is located at a point where the soil hardness is hard and the soil moisture is high. Fig. 7 shows a method of constructing a vertical hole drainage channel in a location where the soil is hard and the soil moisture is high, similar to Fig. 6, but for areas with high rainfall intensity or during periods of high rainfall intensity. As in Figure 6, Figure 7 shows the soil hardness distribution in a field 100 m long and wide using contour lines, with circles indicating areas 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15 where soil moisture is high. Among areas 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15 with high soil moisture, areas 11, 12, 13, and 14 contain points 21, 22, 23, and 24 with hard soil hardness.

[0025] In the vertical hole drainage construction method shown in FIG. 7, vertical hole drainages 31X, 31Y, 32X, 32Y, 33X, 33Y, 33Z, 34X, and 34Y are provided in areas 11, 12, 13, and 14 where the soil hardness is hard, that is, points 21, 22, 23, and 24, and the soil moisture is high. And by arranging vertical hole drainage channels 30 sequentially in the drainage direction from vertical hole drainage channels 31X, 31Y, 32X, 32Y, 33X, 33Y, 33Z, 34X, 34Y, drainage routes 30AX, 30AY, 30BX, 30BY, 30CX, 30CY, 30CZ, 30DX, 30DY are formed. In this embodiment, the depth of the vertical hole drainage channels 30, 31X, 31Y, 32X, 32Y, 33X, 33Y, 33Z, 34X, and 34Y is set to the tillage pan layer. Since points where the soil hardness is hard and the soil moisture is high are factors that cause acute moisture damage, the points where the soil hardness is hard and the soil moisture is high are determined as the locations of the vertical hole drainage channels 30, 31X, 31Y, 32X, 32Y, 33X, 33Y, 33Z, 34X, 34Y, the depth of the vertical hole drainage channels 30, 31X, 31Y, 32X, 32Y, 33X, 33Y, 33Z, 34X, 34Y is set to the tilled pan layer, and a plurality of drainage routes 30AX, 30AY, 30BX, 30BY, 30CX, 30CY, 30CZ, 30DX, 30DY are formed in each area, thereby effectively promoting surface runoff and making it easier for a large amount of infiltrating water to flow, and thereby preventing the occurrence of acute moisture damage. It is preferable that the drainage paths 30AX, 30AY, 30BX, 30BY, 30CX, 30CY, 30CZ, 30DX, and 30DY using the multiple vertical hole drainage channels 30 are provided at points where there is little change in soil hardness. Since soil hardness changes when the contour line width is narrow, the drainage paths 30AX, 30AY, 30BX, 30BY, 30CX, 30CY, 30CZ, 30DX, and 30DY are formed in areas where the contour line width is wide so as not to cross the contour line. In this way, by locating drainage routes 30AX, 30AY, 30BX, 30BY, 30CX, 30CY, 30CZ, 30DX, and 30DY at points where there is little change in soil hardness, it is possible to make it easier for infiltrating water to flow along drainage routes 30AX, 30AY, 30BX, 30BY, 30CX, 30CY, 30CZ, 30DX, and 30DY.

[0026] FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a method for constructing a vertical hole drainage channel in which the vertical hole drainage channel is located at a point where the soil hardness is soft and the soil moisture is high. In Figure 8, the soil hardness distribution in a field 100 m long and wide is shown by contour lines, and the circles indicate areas 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15 where soil moisture is high. Among areas 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15 where soil moisture is high, areas 11 and 15 contain points 25 and 26 where the soil hardness is soft.

[0027] In the method for constructing a vertical pit drainage channel shown in FIG. 8, vertical pit drainage channels 35, 36 are provided at points 25, 26 where the soil hardness is soft and areas 11, 12, 13, 14 where the soil moisture is high. Then, vertical hole drainage channels 30 are sequentially arranged in the drainage direction from vertical hole drainage channels 35, 36 to form drainage paths 30E, 30F. Since locations where the soil is soft and the soil moisture is high are a cause of chronic moisture damage, the occurrence of chronic moisture damage can be suppressed by locating the vertical hole drainage channels 30, 35, 36 at locations where the soil is soft and the soil moisture is high. In addition, it is preferable that the drainage paths 30E and 30F using the multiple vertical hole drainage channels 30 are provided at points where there is little change in soil hardness. Since soil hardness changes when the contour line width is narrow, the drainage paths 30E and 30F are formed in areas where the contour line width is wide so as not to cross the contour line. In this way, by providing the drainage paths 30E, 30F at points where there is little change in soil hardness, it is possible to make it easier for the seepage water to flow along the drainage paths 30E, 30F.

[0028] FIG. 9 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the method for constructing a vertical hole drainage channel in which the vertical hole drainage channel is located at a point where the soil hardness is soft and the soil moisture is high. Like Fig. 8, Fig. 9 shows a method of installing a vertical hole drainage channel at a point where the soil hardness is soft and the soil moisture is high, but it is a method of constructing a vertical hole drainage channel for areas with high rainfall intensity or during periods of high rainfall intensity. As in Figure 8, Figure 9 also shows the soil hardness distribution in a field 100 m long and wide using contour lines, with circles indicating areas 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15 where soil moisture is high. Among areas 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15 where soil moisture is high, areas 11 and 15 contain points 25 and 26 where the soil hardness is soft.

[0029] In the method for constructing a vertical hole drainage channel shown in FIG. 9, vertical hole drainage channels 35X, 35Y, 36X, and 36Y are provided at points 25 and 26 where the soil hardness is soft and areas 11, 12, 13, and 14 where the soil moisture is high. Then, vertical hole drainage channels 30 are sequentially arranged in the drainage direction from vertical hole drainage channels 35X, 35Y, 36X, and 36Y to form drainage routes 30EX, 30EY, 30FX, and 30FY. In this embodiment, the depth of the vertical hole drainage channels 30, 35X, 35Y, 36X, and 36Y is set deeper than the tillage pan layer. Since points where the soil hardness is soft and the soil moisture is high are factors that cause chronic moisture damage, the vertical hole drainage channels 30, 35X, 35Y, 36X, 36Y are located at points where the soil hardness is soft and the soil moisture is high, and the depth of the hole drainage channels 30, 35X, 35Y, 36X, 36Y is made deeper than the tilled pan layer. By forming multiple drainage routes 30EX, 30EY, 30FX, 30FY in each area, it is possible to direct seepage water below the tilled pan layer, making it easier for a large amount of seepage water to flow and preventing the occurrence of chronic moisture damage. It is preferable that the drainage paths 30EX, 30EY, 30FX, and 30FY using the multiple vertical hole drainage channels 30 are provided at points where there is little change in soil hardness. Since soil hardness changes when the contour line width is narrow, the drainage paths 30EX, 30EY, 30FX, and 30FY are formed in areas where the contour line width is wide so as not to cross the contour line. In this way, by providing the drainage routes 30EX, 30EY, 30FX, and 30FY at points where there is little change in soil hardness, it is possible to make it easier for the seepage water to flow along the drainage routes 30EX, 30EY, 30FX, and 30FY.

[0030] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing still another embodiment of the method for constructing a vertical hole drainage channel. The method of constructing a vertical hole drainage channel shown in FIG. 10 shows a case in which both the construction shown in FIG. 7 and the construction shown in FIG. 9 are performed. That is, in FIG. 10, the locations where the soil is hard and has high soil moisture and the locations where the soil is soft and has high soil moisture are set as the locations where the vertical hole drainage channels are to be installed.

[0031] FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing the depth of the vertical hole drainage channel. The vertical hole drainage channel 30 is made deep enough to reach the tillage pan layer or deeper than the tillage pan layer, but it is preferable to gradually deepen the depth of the vertical hole drainage channel 30 from the area 10 where the soil moisture is high toward the drainage channel 40. In this way, by gradually deepening the depth of the vertical hole drainage channel 30 from the area 10 where the soil moisture is high toward the drainage channel 40, the seepage water can be effectively guided.

[0032] FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing the construction position of the vertical hole drainage channel, where FIG. 12(a) is a top view and FIG. 12(b) is a cross-sectional view at the open channel position indicated by the dotted line in FIG. 12(a). As shown in Fig. 12(a), the pit drainage channel 30 can be made shallow by constructing the pit drainage channel 30 along the open channel C. Even when constructing the pit drainage channel 30 along the open channel C, it is preferable to gradually deepen the depth of the pit drainage channel 30 in the direction in which the seepage water is guided, as shown in Fig. 12(b).

[0033] Figure 13 is an explanatory diagram showing the construction position of a vertical hole drainage channel different from that in Figure 12, where Figure 13(a) is a top view and Figure 13(b) is a cross-sectional view at the open channel position indicated by the dotted line in Figure 13(a). As shown in Fig. 13(a), the pit drainage channel 30 may be constructed without following the open channel C. In this case, the pit drainage channel 30 constructed in the open channel C can be shallow, as shown in Fig. 12(b). This makes it possible to lower the unevenness of the field surface, and to reduce the possibility of the steering wheel 124 being caught by the unevenness of the field surface when operating agricultural machinery such as a tractor. Note that, even when constructing the pit drainage channel 30 without following the open channel C, it is preferable to gradually deepen the depth of the pit drainage channel 30 in the direction in which the seepage water is guided. The vertical hole drainage channel 30 has a hole diameter of 4 cm to 30 cm, preferably 20 cm or less so as not to interfere with vehicle travel, a depth of about 60 cm, and is excavated in 10 cm to 20 cm increments in three to six steps.

[0034] FIG. 14 is a conceptual diagram of a vertical hole drainage channel construction machine used in the vertical hole drainage channel construction method according to this embodiment, as viewed from the front, and FIG. 15 is a conceptual diagram of the same vertical hole drainage channel construction machine, as viewed from below. The vertical hole drainage channel construction machine of this embodiment has a main frame 110, an excavation section 120 that excavates the soil, a running section 130 that moves the main frame 110, a soil measuring section 140 that measures the properties of the soil pulled up from the ground surface by the excavation section 120, and a rotation prevention section 115 that prevents the main frame 110 from rotating during excavation.

[0035] The drilling section 120 has a drilling drill 121, a motor 122 for rotating the drilling drill 121, a slide rail 123 for sliding the drilling drill 121 up and down, a handle 124 for pushing down or pulling up the drilling drill 121, and a spring 125 for suspending the drilling drill 121. In this embodiment, the traveling unit 130 is configured with four tires, but it may be configured with six or eight tires, or may be configured with crawlers.

[0036] The soil measuring unit 140 includes at least one of a camera, a near-infrared sensor, an odor sensor, an electromagnetic exploration system, a sonic exploration system, and a laser sensor. When the soil measuring unit 140 has a camera, the camera is used to photograph the color of the soil pulled up from the ground surface by the excavation unit 120 and the state in which the lumps crumble. The soil properties can be determined from the color of the soil and the state in which the lumps crumble. The camera is also used to photograph the color and lumps of the soil pulled up from the ground surface by the excavation unit 120, and the ease of cultivation is determined from the shade of the color and the size of the lumps. The moisture content of the soil can be estimated from the brightness of the color and the size of the soil lumps, and the ease of cultivation can be determined. The camera is also used to photograph the soil pulled up from the ground surface by the excavation unit 120, and the soil moisture content and the amount of organic matter are determined from the brightness of the soil color. If the soil moisture is high, it will be dark, and if the soil moisture is low, it will be whitish, so the soil moisture content and the amount of organic matter can be determined from the brightness of the soil color. When the soil measuring unit 140 has a near-infrared sensor, the near-infrared sensor is used to measure the absorption spectrum of the soil pulled up from the ground surface by the excavation unit 20, and the soil moisture content is determined from the absorption spectrum. Determining the soil moisture content from the absorption spectrum enables quantitative measurement. When the soil measuring unit 140 has an odor sensor, the odor sensor can be used to measure the odor of the soil pulled up from the ground surface by the excavation unit 120, and the reduction state or microbial activity can be evaluated based on the odor of the soil. When the soil measuring unit 140 has an electromagnetic exploration system or a sonic exploration system, it is possible to detect soil moisture, and when the soil measuring unit 140 has a laser sensor, it is possible to grasp the shape of the soil mass. In this way, the soil measuring unit 140 can perform soil measurement by having at least one of a camera, a near-infrared sensor, an odor sensor, an electromagnetic exploration system, a sonic exploration system, and a laser sensor.

[0037] The rotation prevention portion 115 is a pile material that is driven into the soil, and preferably a pair of pile materials are arranged with the main body frame 110 in between. Since the main body frame 110 has a rotation prevention unit 115 that can prevent the main body frame 110 from rotating during excavation, excavation can be performed even with a lightweight manual main body frame 110. By using the rotation prevention unit 115 as a pile material, excavation can be performed by preventing the main body frame 110 from rotating even in a narrow space. Note that the rotation prevention unit 115 may not be required if the vertical hole drainage channel construction machine is sufficiently heavy so that it does not rotate while excavating a vertical hole.

[0038] The vertical hole drainage channel construction machine used in this embodiment further includes a depth measurement unit 150, a display unit 160 that displays the excavation position together with a map, a position detection unit 170 that detects the current position, a memory unit 180 that stores the measurement data measured by the soil measurement unit 140, and a battery 190.

[0039] The vertical hole drainage construction machine used in this embodiment shows a scale placed on the main frame 110 as the depth measuring unit 150, but it is preferable that this be a sensor that detects the depth of the pulled-up soil from the ground surface based on the position or movement of the drilling drill 121 or handle 124, or the rotation speed of the motor 122. A portable terminal equipped with wireless communication capabilities is suitable for the display unit 160, and a GNSS receiver is suitable for the position detection unit 170, but the portable terminal functioning as the display unit 160 may also be equipped with a current position detection capability. The memory unit 180 stores data on the depth from the ground surface of the soil pulled up from the ground surface by the excavation unit 120, as well as measurement data by the soil measurement unit 140. In this way, by detecting the current position and displaying the excavation position, the excavation position can be confirmed, improving construction efficiency. In addition, by storing measurement data by depth from the ground surface, it is possible to determine the tillage pan layer and groundwater level, drainage based on the distance from the tillage pan layer and groundwater level, and the suitability of the soil for cultivation. The battery 190 supplies power to the excavation unit 120, the soil measurement unit 140, the display unit 160, the position detection unit 170, and the storage unit 180. It is preferable that the traveling unit 130 is also driven by the battery 190. By using such a vertical hole drainage channel construction machine, a vertical hole drainage channel can be constructed to a predetermined depth from the ground surface by performing up and down excavation movements in multiple steps, and the soil measuring unit 140 held on the main frame 110 measures the properties of the soil pulled up from the ground surface by the excavation unit 120, making it possible to grasp the properties of the soil by depth from the ground surface at the time of constructing the vertical hole drainage channel.

[0040] The drainage route of the present invention guides runoff water from the soil surface and seepage water within the soil by providing multiple vertical hole drainage channels 30 at a predetermined depth from the ground surface, and the drainage route can be constructed more easily than with an underground or open drain. [Industrial Applicability]

[0041] The method for constructing a pit drainage channel according to the present invention is particularly suitable for constructing a pit drainage channel in a farm field. [Explanation of symbols]

[0042] 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 Areas with high soil moisture 21, 22, 23, 24 Hard soil 25, 26 Soft soil 30, 31, 31X, 31Y, 32, 32X, 32Y, 33, 33X, 33Y, 33Z, 34, 34X, 34Y, 35, 35X, 35Y, 36, 36X, 36Y Shaft drainage 30A, 30AX, 30AY, 30B, 30BX, 30BY, 30C, 30CX, 30CY, 30CZ, 30D, 30DX, 30DY, 30E, 30EX, 30EY, 30F, 30FX, 30FY Drainage route 40 Drainage Channel 110 Main frame 115 Rotation prevention part 120 Excavation Section 121 Drill 122 Motor 123 Slide Rail 124 Handle 125 Spring 130 Running part 140 Soil Measurement Section 150 Depth measurement unit 160 Display section 170 Position detection unit 180 Storage section 190 Battery C clear channel

Claims

1. A plurality of vertical hole drainage channels are provided at a predetermined depth from the ground surface, The location of the vertical hole drainage channel is identified based on the soil hardness distribution data and the soil moisture content distribution data; A point where the soil hardness is hard based on the soil hardness distribution data and where the soil moisture content distribution data is high is determined as the arrangement position of the vertical hole drainage channel; The depth of the vertical hole drainage channel is set to the tillage pan layer. A method for constructing a vertical hole drainage channel.

2. A plurality of vertical hole drainage channels are provided at a predetermined depth from the ground surface, The location of the vertical hole drainage channel is identified based on the soil hardness distribution data and the soil moisture content distribution data; A point where the soil hardness is soft according to the soil hardness distribution data and where the soil moisture content distribution data is high is determined as the installation position of the vertical hole drainage channel; The depth of the vertical hole drainage channel is made deeper than the tilled layer. A method for constructing a vertical hole drainage channel.

3. A plurality of vertical hole drainage channels are provided at a predetermined depth from the ground surface, The location of the vertical hole drainage channel is identified based on the soil hardness distribution data and the soil moisture content distribution data; A point where the soil hardness is hard based on the soil hardness distribution data and where the soil moisture content distribution data is high is determined as the arrangement position of the vertical hole drainage channel; A plurality of drainage paths using the vertical hole drainage channels are provided at points where the change in soil hardness is small. A method for constructing a vertical hole drainage channel.

4. A plurality of drainage paths are formed by the plurality of vertical hole drainage channels.

3. The method for constructing a vertical hole drainage channel according to claim 1 or 2.

5. A plurality of vertical hole drainage channels are provided at a predetermined depth from the ground surface, The depth of the vertical hole drainage channel is gradually deepened in the drainage direction. A method for constructing a vertical hole drainage channel.

6. A plurality of vertical hole drainage channels are provided at a predetermined depth from the ground surface, The vertical hole drainage channel is constructed as an open channel. A method for constructing a vertical hole drainage channel.

7. The vertical hole drainage channel is constructed without running along an open channel. The method for constructing a vertical hole drainage channel according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

Images