Working machinery

Abstract

To measure the outer diameter of a workpiece using a tool mounted on a turret while suppressing limitations on a machining area. [Solution] The machine tool includes a workpiece spindle 1 that rotates a workpiece W, a tool rest 3 that is movable in the axial direction of the workpiece spindle, and a sizing device 4 that is attached to the tool rest and measures the outer diameter of the workpiece. The tool rest 3 includes a turret 32 ​​and a main body 31 that moves the turret in the axial direction of the workpiece spindle. The turret 32 ​​includes a first end 35 and a second end that is an end opposite to the first end in the axial direction of the workpiece spindle. The main body 31 is provided on the second end side of the turret 32 ​​in the axial direction of the workpiece spindle. The sizing device 4 is provided on the first end side of the turret 32 ​​in the axial direction of the workpiece spindle.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a machine tool. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, there has been known a machine tool equipped with a sizing device that measures the outer diameter of a cylindrical workpiece. Such a machine tool is disclosed in, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2.

[0003] Patent Document 1 discloses a multi-tasking machine equipped with a sizing device. In this multi-tasking machine, a sizing device and a transport mechanism for moving the sizing device are provided in addition to existing structures originally equipped in the multi-tasking machine, such as a tool rest. When not in use, the sizing device waits outside the machining area of ​​the multi-tasking machine. When in use, the sizing device enters the machining area by the transport mechanism and moves to a predetermined position where measurement will be performed. The sizing device measures the outer diameter of the workpiece at the predetermined position.

[0004] Patent Document 2 discloses a lathe equipped with a sizing device. This lathe is equipped with a turret-type tool post having multiple tool attachment parts. A touch sensor that measures the outer diameter of a workpiece is attached to one of the tool attachment parts. That is, in this lathe, the sizing device is provided on the tool post, which is an existing structure. The touch sensor moves together with the tool post, and is indexed to a use position by the rotation of the turret. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Patent Publication No. 2021-037604 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Publication No. 173844 / 1983 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] In the multi-tasking machine of Patent Document 1, a transfer mechanism is newly provided to move the sizing device so that the sizing device can measure the outer diameter at any position on the workpiece. The transfer mechanism occupies a large space in the multi-tasking machine. As a result, the machining area and the types of workpieces that can be machined are limited to prevent the transfer mechanism from interfering with existing structures.

[0007] In contrast, in the lathe of Patent Document 2, the touch sensor is provided on the tool rest (turret), which is an existing structure. Therefore, there is no need to provide a new transport mechanism for moving the touch sensor, and restrictions on the machining area and the types of workpieces that can be machined are alleviated. However, when using the touch sensor, the turret indexes the touch sensor to the position where it will be used. While the touch sensor is being used, tools and other implements attached to other tool attachment parts on the turret cannot be used.

[0008] An object of the present invention is to measure the outer diameter of a workpiece using an instrument attached to a turret while minimizing limitations on the machining area. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] (1) The machine tool of the present invention is a machine tool for machining the outer peripheral surface of a workpiece into a cylindrical shape, and is equipped with a workpiece spindle having a central axis and rotating the workpiece around the central axis, a tool rest movable in the direction of the central axis of the workpiece spindle, and a sizing device attached to the tool rest and measuring the outer diameter of the workpiece, the tool rest being rotatable around a rotation axis parallel to the central axis of the workpiece spindle, and a turret provided with a plurality of stations to which tools used in the machine tool can be attached, and a measuring device for supporting the turret and rotating the turret along the axis of the workpiece spindle. and a main body portion which moves the turret in the central axial direction, the turret including a first end which is an end portion in the central axial direction of the work spindle, a second end which is an end portion opposite to the first end in the central axial direction of the work spindle, and an outer circumferential portion which connects the first end and the second end and on which the multiple stations are arranged in a rotational direction, the main body portion being provided on the second end side of the turret in the central axial direction of the work spindle, and the sizing device being provided on the first end side of the turret in the central axial direction of the work spindle.

[0010] In the above machine tool, the sizing device is attached to the tool rest, which is an existing structure. When the tool rest moves, the sizing device also moves accordingly. That is, the sizing device moves using a moving mechanism that moves the tool rest. Therefore, the sizing device can be moved to any position in the machining room without providing a new moving mechanism for moving the sizing device. In addition, the sizing device is not mounted on the station in the turret where the tool is mounted, but is provided in a location separate from the station. Therefore, even when the tool mounted on the turret is being used, the sizing device can measure the outer diameter of the workpiece. Therefore, according to this machine tool, it is possible to measure the outer diameter of the workpiece using the tool mounted on the turret while suppressing limitations on the machining area.

[0011] In addition, a tool rest is generally understood to hold a fixed tool for performing turning. However, in the present invention, the tool rest is not limited to this understanding. The tool rest may hold a rotating tool for performing milling. The tool rest may hold tools other than cutters. The tool rest may hold tools that are not used for removal processing. The tool rest may hold, for example, a steady tool, a measuring tool, a calibration tool, etc. In short, the tool rest holds tools used in a machine tool until a workpiece is machined into a product. Therefore, the term tool rest in this specification can be read as a tool holding table.

[0012] (2) The machine tool of (1) above may be configured such that the turret is rotatable independently of the sizing device while the attitude of the sizing device is fixed.

[0013] (3) The machine tool of (1) above may further include a support mechanism interposed between the sizing device and the tool rest, supporting the sizing device and attached to the tool rest. The sizing device may be supported by the support mechanism so that its posture is fixed independently of the rotation of the turret.

[0014] In the machine tools described in (2) and (3) above, the sizing device does not rotate even when the turret is rotated. Therefore, even if one of the tools attached to the turret is in use and then the turret is rotated to use another tool, the sizing device can still be used.

[0015] (4) In the turret of (3) above, a space may be formed inside the first end, the second end, and the outer circumferential portion. The support mechanism may pass through the first end and the space, and may be fixed to a non-rotating part of the tool post.

[0016] Various means can be considered for connecting the sizing device provided on the first end side of the turret to the tool rest. For example, a configuration in which a support arm extends from a main body portion provided on the second end side of the turret so as to bypass the turret and the support arm supports the sizing device can be considered. However, since the sizing device is a measuring device, the higher its positioning accuracy is, the better. In the machine tool of (4) above, the support mechanism penetrates the turret, passes through the internal space of the turret, and connects the sizing device to the non-rotating part of the tool rest. The support mechanism can connect the sizing device to the non-rotating part over a distance as short as possible. Therefore, the influence of the deflection of the support mechanism can be minimized, and the positioning accuracy of the sizing device and therefore the measurement accuracy of the sizing device are improved.

[0017] (5) In the machine tool described above in (3), the first end may include an opening extending in a rotational direction of the turret and through which the support mechanism passes.

[0018] In the machine tool of (5) above, the opening is provided so as to follow the relative movement path between the turret and the support mechanism caused by the rotation of the turret. Therefore, the area of ​​the opening can be minimized, and the intrusion of foreign matter into the inside of the turret can be suppressed. The opening may be provided with a cover that covers the opening and allows the relative movement with the support mechanism.

[0019] (6) In the machine tool of (1) above, the sizing device may include two measuring probes that clamp the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece and measure the outer diameter of the workpiece. The support mechanism may include an advance / retract mechanism that moves the two measuring probes. The advance / retract mechanism may move the two measuring probes between a measurement position where the two measuring probes clamp the workpiece and a standby position that is set to a position closer to the rotation axis of the turret than the measurement position when viewed in the central axial direction of the workpiece spindle.

[0020] When the two measuring probes are at the measurement position, for example, when viewed in the central axis direction of the work spindle, the two measuring probes may protrude from the tool post. In this case, if the tool post moves while the two measuring probes remain fixed at the measurement position, the two measuring probes are likely to interfere with other structures in the machining chamber. In contrast, in the machine tool of (6) above, the advance / retract mechanism can move the two measuring probes between the measurement position and the standby position. Therefore, by moving the two measuring probes to the standby position before the tool post moves, the advance / retract mechanism can prevent the two measuring probes from interfering with other structures. For example, at the standby position, the two measuring probes may overlap the tool post when viewed in the central axis direction of the work spindle.

[0021] (7) The machine tool of (6) above may further include an opposing work spindle provided opposite the work spindle. At least a part of the tool rest may be located below the opposing work spindle when the tool rest is located at the end of the work spindle on the opposing work spindle side in the central axial direction of the work spindle. The retraction mechanism may move the two measuring probes between the measurement position and the standby position located below the measurement position.

[0022] When an opposing work spindle is provided above the tool rest, the vertical movement range of the tool rest is limited to avoid interference between the tool rest and the opposing work spindle. The movement range of the tool rest affects the movement range of the sizing device. Therefore, in a machine tool in which an opposing work spindle is provided above the tool rest, it may be difficult for the sizing device to clamp the workpiece. In contrast, in the machine tool of (7) above, the movement range of the sizing device is expanded in the vertical direction by the retraction mechanism. With a machine tool configured in this way, even if the vertical movement range of the tool rest is limited by the provision of an opposing work spindle, two measuring probes can be positioned on the central axis of the work spindle or the opposing work spindle, and the outer diameter of the workpiece can be measured.

[0023] (8) In the machine tool of (2) above, the tool may include a steady tool for clamping the workpiece and suppressing the runout of the workpiece during turning. The sizing device may measure the outer diameter of the workpiece in a state where the turret indexes the steady tool to a steady tool use position.

[0024] When machining a cylindrical workpiece, runout of the workpiece during turning affects the machining accuracy. In the machine tool described above in (8), the anti-sway tool clamps the workpiece, thereby preventing a decrease in machining accuracy. In addition, in this machine tool, the sizing device measures the outer diameter of the workpiece while using the anti-sway tool. That is, in this machine tool, in addition to measuring the outer diameter of the workpiece with the sizing device while machining the workpiece, the anti-sway tool can suppress the deflection of the workpiece during machining. Therefore, this machine tool allows for machining of workpieces with higher accuracy.

[0025] (9) In the machine tool of (2) above, the tool may include a calibration tool for calibrating the sizing device. The sizing device may be calibrated using the calibration tool when the turret indexes the calibration tool to a calibration tool use position.

[0026] In the machine tool of (9) above, a calibration tool is attached to the turret. Therefore, for example, before machining, the calibration tool can be indexed to the usage position to calibrate the sizing device. Then, after the calibration of the sizing device is completed, another tool can be indexed to the usage position and machining can be performed using that tool. Therefore, with this machine tool, the sizing device can be easily calibrated without reducing machining efficiency. Effect of the Invention

[0027] According to the machine tool of the present invention, it is possible to measure the outer diameter of a workpiece using an instrument attached to the turret while minimizing limitations on the machining area. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0028] [Figure 1]FIG. 1 is a front view showing the configuration inside a machining chamber of a machine tool. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view that illustrates a schematic configuration of the turret and its surroundings. [Diagram 3] Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which two probes are at a standby position. Fig. 3 is a left side view of the turret in which the calibration tool is indexed to a use position. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a left side view of the turret in which the steady-state tool is indexed to a steady-state tool use position. [Diagram 5] FIG. 5 is a left side view of the turret indexing the calibration tool to a calibration tool use position. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a front view showing the configuration inside the machining chamber of a machine tool according to a modified example. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0029] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0030] FIG. 1 is a front view showing the configuration of the inside of a machining chamber in a machine tool. The machine tool 100 includes a work spindle 1, a tool spindle 2, a tool rest 3, and a sizing device 4. In the machine tool 100, a cylindrical workpiece W held by the work spindle 1 is ground by a tool (grinding wheel T) attached to the tool spindle 2. A plurality of tools T1, T2 are attached to a turret 32 ​​of the tool rest 3. In this example, the turret 32 ​​indexes a steady tool T1 to a use position. The steady tool T1 clamps the workpiece W at a position separated by a predetermined distance from the work spindle 1 in the Z-axis direction, and suppresses the runout of the workpiece W due to machining. The sizing device 4 is provided so as to protrude from an end 35 of the turret, but is attached to the tool rest 3 so as not to follow the rotation for indexing the turret 32. In such a machine tool 100, the sizing device 4 can measure the outer diameter of the workpiece W using any one of the multiple tools attached to the turret 32.

[0031] In this specification, the central axis direction of the workpiece spindle 1 is defined as the Z-axis direction, the vertical direction is defined as the X-axis direction, and the direction perpendicular to the Z-axis direction and the X-axis direction is defined as the Y-axis direction. Although not shown, the machine tool 100 is provided with a door on its front side that constitutes the exterior and allows an operator to access the machining chamber. In this specification, left, right, up, and down are defined in the position of an observer in front of the door facing the door. The direction toward the observer facing the door is defined as the front, and the direction away from the observer is defined as the rear. The configuration of the machine tool 100 will be described in detail below.

[0032] Machine tool 100 is an AM / SM hybrid machine tool capable of additive and subtractive machining of workpiece W. Machine tool 100 has a turning function using a fixed tool and a milling function using a rotating tool as SM (Subtractive Manufacturing) functions. Machine tool 100 is an NC (Numerically Control) machine tool in which various operations for machining a workpiece are automated by numerical control using a computer.

[0033] The machine tool 100 is equipped with an AM unit 7 that performs laser additive manufacturing as an AM (Additive Manufacturing) function. The AM unit 7 includes a laser head that irradiates a laser, a powder feeder that supplies powder material, and the like. The AM unit 7 is housed in a stocker 71. The stocker 71 is provided above the tool rest 3. The AM unit 7 is transported to a predetermined position by a moving mechanism (not shown), and is attached to the tool spindle 2 and used. In this embodiment, a situation will be described on the premise that a workpiece W, the outer circumferential surface of which has been subjected to additive processing by the AM unit 7, is ground.

[0034] The work spindle 1 grips an end of the workpiece W. The work spindle 1 includes a chuck 11 that detachably grips the workpiece W. The work spindle 1 is provided on the left side of the machining chamber. The work spindle 1 is configured to be rotatable around its central axis (Z-axis direction). The work spindle 1 is supported by a work spindle stock (not shown) fixed to a bed (not shown). A drive unit is housed in the work spindle stock. The drive unit rotates the work spindle 1 around the Z-axis direction. This causes the workpiece W to rotate around the Z-axis direction.

[0035] The tool spindle 2 detachably holds a tool via a tool holder. In this example, the tool spindle 2 holds a grinding wheel T. However, the tool held by the tool spindle 2 is not limited to this. The tool spindle 2 may hold a rotating tool for milling a workpiece. In short, the tool spindle 2 can hold a tool for removing a workpiece. The tool spindle 2 can also hold an AM unit for additional processing of the workpiece. The tool spindle 2 is attached to a spindle head 21. The spindle head 21 is provided so as to protrude from the rear surface of the processing chamber. The spindle head 21 is configured to be movable in the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions by various feed mechanisms, driving devices, etc. The spindle head 21 is configured to be rotatable around an axis (B-axis) parallel to the Y-axis direction. That is, the tool spindle 2 is movable in the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions, and can rotate around the B-axis. The tool spindle 2 is also configured to be rotatable around its axial direction, and can rotate a tool.

[0036] The tool rest 3 is configured to be able to mount a plurality of tools T1, T2 used in the machine tool 100. The tool rest 3 includes a main body 31 and a turret 32. The main body 31 is configured to be able to move in the Z-axis direction by a feed mechanism, a drive device, etc. The main body 31 may be configured to be able to move in the X-axis direction. The main body 31 may be configured to be able to move in the Y-axis direction. The main body 31 has a housing shape. The main body 31 houses a drive device that rotates the turret 32. The turret 32 ​​is provided to the left of the main body 31. In this embodiment, the turret 32 ​​is attached to the left end of the main body 31. However, the turret 32 ​​may be attached to the right end of the main body 31. That is, the turret 32 ​​may be provided to the right of the main body 31.

[0037] The turret 32 ​​has a roughly polygonal prism shape. The turret 32 ​​moves together with the main body 31. The turret 32 ​​is configured to be rotatable around a rotation axis parallel to the Z-axis direction. The turret 32 ​​is configured to be able to mount a plurality of tools T1, T2 aligned in the rotation direction. The turret 32 ​​includes stations 33 for mounting tools on each of its peripheral surfaces. The plurality of stations 33 are arranged aligned in the rotation direction of the turret 32. Various tools are mounted in the stations 33 via tool holders. A plurality of tools are radially mounted in the turret 32.

[0038] The sizing device 4 includes two gauges 41. The two gauges 41 are provided facing each other in the Y-axis direction. The two gauges 41 are configured to be able to approach and separate from each other. The two gauges 41 sandwich the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece W and measure the outer diameter of the workpiece. The sizing device 4 is provided next to the turret 32. The sizing device 4 is provided on the opposite side of the turret 32 ​​from the main body 31. The sizing device 4 is provided so as to sandwich the turret 32 ​​between the main body 31 and the turret 32. In other words, the turret 32 ​​is provided between the sizing device 4 and the main body 31 in the Z-axis direction. The sizing device 4 is provided so as to protrude from the turret 32 ​​in the Z-axis direction. The sizing device 4 may be provided at a distance from the turret 32. The distance between the sizing device 4 and the turret 32 ​​in the Z-axis direction is preferably shorter than the length of the turret 32 ​​in the Z-axis direction. The sizing device 4 may be provided in contact with the turret 32. The sizing device 4 is provided so as to pass through the center of the turret 32 ​​in the Y-axis direction when viewed in the Z-axis direction.

[0039] The sizing device 4 moves integrally with the tool rest 3. The sizing device 4 moves in the Z-axis direction together with the tool rest 3. The sizing device 4 is capable of moving at least in the Z-axis direction through an area where a tool attached to the tool spindle 2 machines the workpiece W. The sizing device 4 may move in the X-axis direction together with the tool rest 3. The sizing device 4 may move in the Y-axis direction together with the tool rest 3.

[0040] 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of the turret and its surroundings. The turret 32 ​​includes a first end 35 which is an end of the turret 32 ​​in the Z-axis direction, a second end 36 provided on the opposite side of the first end 35, and an outer periphery 39 connecting the first end 35 and the second end 36. A plurality of stations 33 are provided on the outer periphery 39. The first end 35 is an end on the sizing device 4 side of both ends in the Z-axis direction. The first end 35 is an end farther from the main body 31 supporting the turret 32 ​​of both ends in the direction of the rotation axis A1 of the turret 32. The second end 36 is an end on the main body 31 side of both ends in the Z-axis direction.

[0041] A space S is provided inside the turret 32. The space S is provided inside the turret 32 ​​further than the first end 35, the second end 36, and the outer circumferential portion 39. In this embodiment, the space S is formed by the first end 35, the second end 36, a support shaft 37 described below, and the outer circumferential portion 39. However, the parts that form the space S are not limited to these. The space S may be formed in other parts of the turret 32. The space S may be any internal space of the turret 32.

[0042] An opening 34 is provided at the first end 35. The opening 34 penetrates the first end 35 in the Z-axis direction. The opening 34 connects the outside and the inside of the turret 32. The opening 34 has an arc shape centered on the rotation axis A1 of the turret 32 ​​when viewed in the Z-axis direction. The opening 34 extends in the rotation direction of the turret 32. The support mechanism 5 is passed through the opening 34. An electric cable connected to the sizing device 4 may be passed through the opening 34.

[0043] The support mechanism 5 is interposed between the tool rest 3 and the sizing device 4. The support mechanism 5 connects the tool rest 3 and the sizing device 4. The support mechanism 5 may be composed of one member, or may be composed of a plurality of connected members. The support mechanism 5 includes an arm unit 51 and an inward / outward moving mechanism 52. The arm unit 51 extends approximately in the Z-axis direction. The arm unit 51 is provided so that the Z-axis direction is its longitudinal direction. The arm unit 51 includes a first end 53 attached to a housing in which the inward / outward moving mechanism 52 is provided. The arm unit 51 includes a second end 54 attached to the tool rest 3. The second end 54 is attached to a non-rotating portion of the tool rest 3.

[0044] More specifically, the tool rest 3 includes a rotating part and a non-rotating part. The rotating part is a part of the tool rest 3 involved in the rotation of the turret 32 ​​around the rotation axis A1. The rotating part is a part to which power for rotating the turret 32 ​​around the rotation axis A1 is transmitted. The rotating part includes the turret 32, a power transmission mechanism 381 for transmitting power for rotating the turret 32, and the like. Power is transmitted from a motor 382 to the power transmission mechanism 381. The non-rotating part is a part of the tool rest 3 that cannot rotate around the rotation axis A1. The non-rotating part is a part of the tool rest 3 to which power for rotating the turret 32 ​​around the rotation axis A1 is not transmitted. The non-rotating part is a part whose posture is fixed independently of the rotation of the turret 32 ​​around the rotation axis A1. The non-rotating part may be provided in the turret 32 ​​or in the main body part 31. That is, the non-rotating part may be provided in the tool rest 3. In this embodiment, the non-rotating part is a support shaft 37 that rotatably supports the turret 32. The support shaft 37 is attached to the second end 36 of the turret 32 ​​via a bearing 371. The support shaft 37 is configured integrally with the turret 32 ​​via the bearing 371. However, the non-rotating part is not limited to the support shaft 37. The non-rotating part may be any part of the tool post 3 that does not rotate around the rotation axis A1.

[0045] The advance / retract mechanism 52 is interposed between the arm unit 51 and the two gauge heads 41. The advance / retract mechanism 52 is provided next to the opposite side of the main body unit 31 in the turret 32. The advance / retract mechanism 52 is provided below the two gauge heads 41. The advance / retract mechanism 52 is not particularly limited, but is, for example, an air cylinder. In this embodiment, the advance / retract mechanism 52 moves the two gauge heads 41 in the X-axis direction. However, the advance / retract mechanism 52 only needs to move the two gauge heads 41 so as to approach and move away from the workpiece W, and the direction is not particularly limited. The advance / retract mechanism 52 is housed in a housing 55. In FIG. 2, the advance / retract mechanism 52 causes the two gauge heads 41 to protrude from the housing 55, and moves them to a position (measurement position) where the workpiece W can be clamped.

[0046] FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic state in which the two gauge heads are in the standby position. The advance / withdrawal mechanism 52 moves the two gauge heads 41 to the standby position, for example, when the tool rest 3 and the sizing device 4 move. The standby position is set to a position closer to the rotation axis A1 of the turret 32 ​​than the measurement position as viewed in the Z-axis direction. The standby position is a position farther away from the workpiece than when the two gauge heads 41 are in the measurement position. In the standby position, the two gauge heads 41 overlap with the tool rest 3 as viewed in the Z-axis direction. That is, in the standby position, the two gauge heads 41 do not protrude from the outer edge of the tool rest 3 as viewed in the Z-axis direction. That is, at least a part of the sizing device 4 overlaps with the turret 32 ​​as viewed in the Z-axis direction. In addition, in the standby position, the two gauge heads 41 are stored in the housing 55. The housing 55 includes a lid that opens and closes the entrance and exit of the two gauge heads 41. As the two probes 41 move to the standby position, the entrances of the two probes 41 in the housing 55 are closed by lids. With this configuration, when the two probes 41 are not in use, foreign matter such as chips is prevented from getting on the two probes. Therefore, even if a cutting tool attached to the turret 32 ​​is used, for example, the two probes are unlikely to be affected by chips. In addition, storing the two probes 41 reduces interference with other structures in the machining chamber.

[0047] 4 is a left side view of the turret in which the steady tool is indexed to the steady tool use position. In this figure, the sizing device 4 is omitted. A plurality of tools are attached to the turret 32. In this embodiment, the plurality of tools are a steady tool T1, a calibration tool T2, and a cutting tool T3. The tools are not particularly limited as long as they are tools used in the machine tool 100. That is, the plurality of tools may include a cutting tool for turning or a rotating tool for milling. The plurality of tools may include a tool not used for removal processing (e.g., a measuring device).

[0048] In this figure, the turret 32 ​​indexes the anti-sway tool T1 to the anti-sway tool use position. The anti-sway tool use position is a position where the station 33A to which the anti-sway tool T1 is attached has a rotation angle of 0 degrees. In other words, the anti-sway tool use position is a position of the station 33A to which the anti-sway tool T1 is attached such that the anti-sway tool T1 can be used. The rotation angle is an angle around the rotation axis A1, with the position above the rotation axis A1 of the turret 32 ​​along the X-axis direction being set to 0 degrees. The turret 32 ​​changes the tool that is indexed to the use position by rotating around the rotation axis A1.

[0049] The multiple tools are arranged in the order of the calibration tool T2, the steady rest tool T1, and the cutting tool T3 in the rotation direction of the turret 32. When the steady rest tool T1 is indexed to the steady rest tool use position, the calibration tool T2 is located forward (+Y direction) of the steady rest tool T1 in the front-to-back direction of the machine tool. The calibration tool T2 is attached to the station 33B, which is two stations clockwise from the station 33A where the steady rest tool T1 is attached. No tool is attached to the station 33D between the stations 33A and 33B. The rotation angle of the station 33B where the calibration tool T2 is attached is 72 degrees. The cutting tool T3 is located rearward (-Y direction) of the steady rest tool T1 in the front-to-back direction of the machine tool. The cutting tool T3 is attached to the station 33C, which is two stations counterclockwise from the station 33A where the steady rest tool T1 is attached. No tool is attached to the station 33E between the stations 33A and 33C. The rotation angle of station 33C, to which cutting tool T3 is attached, is 288 degrees.

[0050] The steady-stop tool T1 is attached to the station 33A via the holder T11. When a virtual circle is considered to be centered on the rotation axis A1 of the turret 32 ​​and has the rotation direction as the circumferential direction, the holder T11 extends in the radial direction of the virtual circle. The same applies to the cutting tool T3. On the other hand, the holder T21 of the calibration tool T2 extends in a direction different from the radial direction of the virtual circle as a whole. The holder T21 extends in the radial direction from the station 33B and bends toward the steady-stop tool T1 midway. The holder T21 has a shape folded with respect to the radial direction of the virtual circle. When the steady-stop tool T1 is indexed to the steady-stop tool use position, the holder T21 extends in the X direction as a whole.

[0051] FIG. 5 is a left side view of the turret in which the calibration tool is indexed to the calibration tool use position. When the turret 32 ​​rotates 36 degrees counterclockwise around the rotation axis A1 from the state in which the steady rest tool T1 is indexed to the steady rest tool use position, the station 33D in which no tool is attached is positioned at a rotation angle of 0 degrees. At this time, the rotation angle of the station 33B in which the calibration tool T2 is attached is 36 degrees. In such a case, it can be said that the station 33D in which no tool is attached is normally indexed to the use position. However, in this case, in the machine tool 100, the calibration tool T2 attached to the station 33B located at a rotation angle of 36 degrees is in a usable state. The position of the station 33B in which the calibration tool T2 is attached so that the calibration tool T2 can be used is set as the calibration tool use position. In the state in which the calibration tool T2 is indexed to the calibration tool use position, the steady rest tool T1 is not used in the machine tool 100, and the calibration tool T2 is used. On the other hand, even if the turret 32 ​​rotates, the sizing device 4 is maintained in the posture when the steady-state tool T1 is indexed to the steady-state tool use position.

[0052] As described above, in the machine tool 100, even if the turret 32 ​​rotates around the rotation axis A1, the sizing device 4 does not rotate. The posture of the sizing device 4 is determined independently of the rotation of the turret 32. Suppose that the sizing device is mounted to the station of the turret 32, that is, the sizing device is mounted so as to rotate together with the turret 32. In this case, if the sizing device 4 is indexed to the use position, other tools mounted to the turret 32 ​​cannot be used. Conversely, if the other tools are indexed to the use position, the sizing device 4 cannot be used. In contrast, in the machine tool 100 of this embodiment, the sizing device 4 is provided separately from the station of the turret 32, and its position and posture do not change even if the turret 32 ​​rotates. Therefore, the steady-stop tool T1 and the like mounted on the turret 32 ​​and the sizing device 4 can be used simultaneously. In addition, the sizing device 4 is attached to the tool rest 3, which is an existing structure of the machine tool 100. In machine tool 100, there is no need to provide a new transfer mechanism for moving sizing device 4. Therefore, in machine tool 100, the machining area and the types of workpieces that can be machined are less likely to be limited.

[0053] Furthermore, in the machine tool 100, the holder T21 of the calibration tool T2 provided at a position close to the front of the machining chamber has a folded shape. This makes the width WT of the turret 32 ​​in the Y-axis direction smaller than in a configuration in which the holder of the calibration tool T2 extends in the radial direction (see FIG. 4). Therefore, even if the turret 32 ​​rotates and moves with various tools attached to it, the attached tools are unlikely to interfere with other structures. <Modification>

[0054] In the above embodiment, a configuration has been described in which only the workpiece spindle 1 grips the workpiece W. That is, a configuration has been described in which the workpiece W is supported by a cantilever. However, the workpiece W may be supported at both ends. In this case, the machine tool 100 is provided with an opposing workpiece spindle.

[0055] FIG. 5 is a front view showing the configuration inside the machining chamber of the machine tool according to the modified example. The counter work spindle 6 is provided on the right side of the machining chamber. The counter work spindle 6 is provided opposite to the work spindle 1 in the Z-axis direction. The counter work spindle 6 has a central axis that coincides with the central axis of the work spindle 1. The counter work spindle 6 grips an end of the work W opposite to the end gripped by the work spindle 1. The counter work spindle 6 includes a chuck 61 that detachably grips the work W. In this example, the counter work spindle 6 is configured to be rotatable around its central axis (Z-axis direction). The counter work spindle 6 is supported by a counter work spindle stock. A drive unit is housed in the counter work spindle stock. The drive unit rotates the counter work spindle 6 around the Z-axis direction.

[0056] The counter work spindle 6 may or may not rotate synchronously with the work spindle 1 when machining the workpiece W. The counter work spindle stock is configured to be movable in the Z-axis direction by a feed mechanism, a drive device, etc. That is, the counter work spindle 6 is movable in the Z-axis direction. The counter work spindle 6 may be configured to be unable to rotate around the Z-axis direction, i.e., a tailstock. The counter work spindle 6 is located between the stocker 71 of the AM unit 7 and the tool rest 3 in the X-axis direction. At least a part of the counter work spindle 6 is located above the main body 31 with the tool rest 3 moved toward the counter work spindle 6 side (right side in the figure) in the Z-axis direction.

[0057] As described above, in the machine tool 100 according to the modified example, the counter work spindle 6 is provided above the tool rest 3. The upward (X-axis) movement of the tool rest 3 is restricted to avoid interference with the counter work spindle 6. If the movement of the tool rest 3 in the X-axis direction is restricted, the movement of the sizing device 4 attached to the tool rest 3 in the X-axis direction is also restricted. However, in the machine tool 100, the sizing device 4 includes an advance / retract mechanism 52 that moves the gauge 41 in the X-axis direction. The advance / retract mechanism 52 can compensate for the movement distance of the sizing device 4 in the X-axis direction that is restricted by the positional relationship between the tool rest 3 and the counter work spindle 6.

[0058] The above-described embodiment is illustrative in all respects and is not restrictive. Modifications and changes are possible for those skilled in the art. The scope of the present invention is indicated by the claims, not the above-described embodiment. Furthermore, the scope of the present invention includes modifications from the embodiments within the scope of the claims and the equivalent scope.

[0059] For example, in the above description, the sizing device 4 does not rotate and remains fixed even when the turret 32 ​​rotates. However, the sizing device 4 may be configured to rotate together with the turret 32. In short, in the machine tool 100, it is only necessary that the sizing device 4 moves together with the tool rest 3 (main body 31) and is provided separately from the turret 32.

[0060] In the above description, a configuration in which three tools are attached to the turret 32 ​​has been described. However, the number of tools attached to the turret 32 ​​is not particularly limited. In addition, in the above description, a configuration in which the lower station of the turret 32 ​​is not used has been described. That is, the rotation angle of the turret 32 ​​is limited to less than 360 degrees. More specifically, the rotation angle of the turret 32 ​​is limited to less than 180 degrees. The rotation angle of the turret 32 ​​is set within a range in which the steady tool T1, the calibration tool T2, and the cutting tool T3 can be used. However, the lower die station of the turret 32, that is, all stations, may be used. In addition, in the above description, a configuration in which the rotation angle of the turret 32 ​​is limited. However, the rotation angle of the turret 32 ​​may not be limited. In addition, in the above description, a case in which the turret 32 ​​has a decagonal prism shape has been described, but the shape of the turret 32 ​​is not particularly limited, and the number of stations 33 is not particularly limited.

[0061] In the above explanation, a configuration has been described in which machine tool 100 is capable of performing additional machining. However, machine tool 100 may be configured to be capable of performing only subtractive machining. Also, in the above explanation, a configuration has been described in which machine tool 100 grinds workpiece W. However, machine tool 100 may perform other machining such as turning and milling. Machine tool 100 may be a turning center having only a turning function.

[0062] In the above description, a configuration has been described in which the support mechanism 5 includes the advancing and retracting mechanism 52. However, the support mechanism 5 does not have to include the advancing and retracting mechanism 52. In other words, if the movement range of the tool post 3 is sufficiently wide, the outer diameter of the workpiece W can be measured without moving the gauge head 41 in the X-axis direction. In such a case, the advancing and retracting mechanism 52 is not necessary.

[0063] In the above description, the opening 34 provided in the turret 32 ​​is in the shape of a circular arc. The reason for this is as follows. When a cable or the like is arranged in the space inside the turret 32, when the turret 32 ​​rotates 360 degrees, the cable or the like in the space interferes with the support mechanism 5. Therefore, in the above embodiment, the range of the rotation angle of the turret 32 ​​is limited, so that the opening 34 does not need to be provided over the entire circumference. However, for example, when there is sufficient space in the space inside the turret 32, when a cable or the like is not provided, there may be no member that interferes with the support mechanism 5 even when the turret 32 ​​rotates 360 degrees. In such a case, the opening 34 may be provided over one circumference around the rotation axis A1 of the turret 32. That is, the opening 34 may be in the shape of a circle.

[0064] In the above description, the configuration in which the support mechanism 5 is provided so as to penetrate the turret 32 ​​has been described. However, the configuration of the support mechanism 5 is not limited to this. The support mechanism 5 does not have to penetrate the turret 32. The support mechanism 5 does not have to pass through the inside of the turret 32. For example, the support mechanism 5 may be configured to extend from the main body 31 so as to bypass the turret 32. In short, it is sufficient that the support mechanism 5 is connected to a non-rotating part of the tool rest 3. The connection position between the support mechanism 5 and the tool rest 3 is not particularly limited. The configuration in which the support mechanism 5 connects the tool rest 3 and the sizing device 4 is not particularly limited. [Explanation of symbols]

[0065] 100: Machine tools 1: Work spindle 11: Zipper 2: Tool spindle 21: Spindle head 3: Tool rest 31: Main body 32: Turret 33: Station 34: Opening 35: First end 36:Second end 37: Support shaft 381: Power transmission mechanism 382: Motor 39: Outer periphery 4: Sizing device 41: Probe 5: Support mechanism 51: Arm section 52: Exit / exit mechanism 53: First end 54:Second end 6: Opposing work spindle 7: AM unit 71: Stocker A1: Rotation axis T: Grinding wheel T1: Anti-sway tool T2: Proofing tools T3: Cutting tool W: Work

Claims

1. A machine tool that processes an outer peripheral surface of a workpiece into a cylindrical shape, A work spindle having a central axis and rotating a workpiece around the central axis; A tool rest movable along a central axis of the work spindle; A sizing device attached to the tool rest for measuring the outer diameter of the workpiece, The tool rest is a turret that is rotatable about a rotation axis parallel to a central axis of the work spindle and has a plurality of stations on which tools used in the machine tool can be mounted; a main body portion that supports the turret and moves the turret in the central axial direction of the work spindle, The turret is A first end portion which is an end portion in a central axis direction of the work spindle; A second end portion that is an end portion opposite to the first end portion in a central axial direction of the work spindle; an outer circumferential portion that connects the first end and the second end and in which the plurality of stations are arranged in a rotational direction; The main body portion is The workpiece spindle is provided on a second end side of the turret in a central axial direction thereof, The sizing device is The workpiece spindle is provided on a first end side of the turret in a central axial direction thereof, The machine tool further comprises: a support mechanism interposed between the sizing device and the tool rest, supporting the sizing device and attached to the tool rest; The sizing device is the support mechanism is supported so that the attitude is fixed independently of the rotation of the turret; In the turret, A space is formed inside the first end, the second end, and the outer circumferential portion, The support mechanism includes: A machine tool having a tool post that extends through the first end and the space and is fixed to a non-rotating portion of the tool post.

2. 2. The machine tool according to claim 1, The machine tool comprises: The machine tool is configured so that the turret can rotate independently of the sizing device while the attitude of the sizing device is fixed.

3. 2. The machine tool according to claim 1, The first end is A machine tool including an opening extending in a rotational direction of the turret and through which the support mechanism passes.

4. 2. The machine tool according to claim 1, The sizing device is The workpiece is fitted to an outer circumferential surface of the workpiece, and two measuring probes are provided to measure the outer diameter of the workpiece. The support mechanism includes: a retractable mechanism for moving the two probes; The said entrance and exit mechanism is A machine tool that moves the two measuring probes between a measurement position where the two measuring probes clamp the workpiece and a standby position that is set at a position closer to the rotation axis of the turret than the measurement position when viewed in the central axial direction of the workpiece spindle.

5. 5. The machine tool according to claim 4, The machine tool further comprises: An opposing work spindle is provided opposite to the work spindle, At least a portion of the tool rest is When the tool rest is located at an end on the opposing work spindle side in the central axial direction of the work spindle, the tool rest is located below the opposing work spindle, The said entrance and exit mechanism is A machine tool that moves the two measuring probes between the measurement position and the standby position that is located below the measurement position.

6. A machine tool for machining an outer peripheral surface of a workpiece into a cylindrical shape, comprising: A work spindle having a central axis and rotating a workpiece around the central axis; A tool rest movable along a central axis of the work spindle; A sizing device attached to the tool rest for measuring the outer diameter of the workpiece, The tool rest is a turret that is rotatable about a rotation axis parallel to a central axis of the work spindle and has a plurality of stations on which tools used in the machine tool can be mounted; a main body portion that supports the turret and moves the turret in the central axial direction of the work spindle, The turret is A first end portion which is an end portion in a central axis direction of the work spindle; A second end portion that is an end portion opposite to the first end portion in a central axial direction of the work spindle; an outer circumferential portion that connects the first end and the second end and in which the plurality of stations are arranged in a rotational direction; The main body portion is The workpiece spindle is provided on a second end side of the turret in a central axial direction thereof, The sizing device is The workpiece spindle is provided on a first end side of the turret in a central axial direction thereof, The machine tool comprises: The turret is configured to be rotatable independently of the sizing device while the attitude of the sizing device is fixed, The device comprises: A vibration-proof tool that clamps the workpiece and suppresses vibration of the workpiece during turning, The sizing device is The machine tool measures the outer diameter of the workpiece with the turret indexing the anti-sway tool to a position where the anti-sway tool is used.

7. A machine tool for machining an outer peripheral surface of a workpiece into a cylindrical shape, comprising: A work spindle having a central axis and rotating a workpiece around the central axis; A tool rest movable along a central axis of the work spindle; A sizing device attached to the tool rest for measuring the outer diameter of the workpiece, The tool rest is a turret that is rotatable about a rotation axis parallel to a central axis of the work spindle and has a plurality of stations on which tools used in the machine tool can be mounted; a main body portion that supports the turret and moves the turret in the central axial direction of the work spindle, The turret is A first end portion which is an end portion in a central axis direction of the work spindle; A second end portion that is an end portion opposite to the first end portion in a central axial direction of the work spindle; an outer circumferential portion that connects the first end and the second end and in which the plurality of stations are arranged in a rotational direction; The main body portion is The workpiece spindle is provided on a second end side of the turret in a central axial direction thereof, The sizing device is The workpiece spindle is provided on a first end side of the turret in a central axial direction thereof, The machine tool comprises: The turret is configured to be rotatable independently of the sizing device while the attitude of the sizing device is fixed, The device comprises: a calibration tool for calibrating the sizing device; The sizing device is The machine tool is calibrated using the calibration tool with the turret indexing the calibration tool to a calibration tool use position.

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