Tsunami Shelter

Abstract

Provide a tsunami shelter that can reliably protect evacuees from tsunamis associated with earthquakes. 【Solution means】A tsunami shelter is configured by forming a coating layer of polyurea resin over the entire surface of a shelter base body made of expanded polystyrene resin, which is formed in a box-shaped body having a predetermined depth with an open top. According to such a configuration, since the tsunami shelter having the coating layer of polyurea resin has high impact resistance, abrasion resistance, chemical resistance, and corrosion resistance, for example, even if the tsunami shelter is washed away by a tsunami and collides with floating objects such as driftwood, it is hardly damaged, destroyed, deformed, etc. by this, and the form of the tsunami shelter is maintained. In addition, since the shelter base body is made of expanded polystyrene resin, the tsunami shelter is extremely lightweight and has high buoyancy performance, and the floating state is maintained even if it is washed away by a tsunami and shaken. By these synergistic effects, the safety of the evacuees boarding the tsunami shelter is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a tsunami shelter for evacuating people when a tsunami is generated due to an earthquake.

Background Art

[0002] Various types of such tsunami shelters have been proposed conventionally. When classified from the functional aspect, For example, as shown in Patent Document 1, it is composed of a structure fixedly installed on the ground. When a tsunami occurs, evacuees are accommodated and evacuated inside this tsunami shelter, and a ground-fixed type of tsunami shelter that protects the evacuees against the flow of the tsunami, For example, as shown in Patent Document 2, it is installed above the ground or on the sea separated from the ground. When a tsunami occurs, a large number of evacuees are accommodated and evacuated inside it, and it is roughly classified into a floating type of tsunami shelter that protects the evacuees by floating on the sea along with the flow of the tsunami.

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Patent Document 2

[0004]

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] Here, consider the disaster prevention requirements for tsunamis caused by earthquakes and the characteristics that a tsunami shelter should have.

[0006] (1) Disaster prevention requirements (A) Earthquake occurrence time Earthquakes and the resulting tsunamis can occur at any time of the day, at night or during the day, during working hours or off-hours. In other words, it is unclear whether the current situation will allow evacuees to take immediate action to evacuate.

[0007] (b) Tsunami arrival time The time it takes for a tsunami to reach the coast after an earthquake is faster than you might imagine. For example, in the case of a Nankai Trough earthquake, which is expected to occur in the near future, it is estimated that the time it takes for a tsunami to reach the coast in areas close to the epicenter is two minutes in Shizuoka Prefecture, three minutes in Wakayama Prefecture, four minutes in Mie Prefecture, five minutes in Kochi Prefecture, and seven minutes in Tokushima Prefecture. Even in areas far from the epicenter, the tsunami is predicted to reach the coast in roughly 10 to 15 minutes. This shows that in many cases, there is little time to take evacuation action to save lives after a tsunami occurs.

[0008] (2) Requirements for earthquake shelters The requirements that an earthquake shelter must meet are that it must be able to quickly reach and evacuate to a tsunami shelter after an earthquake occurs. For example, (a) The tsunami shelter must be located near evacuees at all times, and must meet the geographical requirements for allowing evacuees to evacuate to the tsunami shelter in an extremely short time when a tsunami occurs. (b) The tsunami shelter is lightweight and can be easily and conveniently set up in an evacuation shelter from a tsunami by a small number of people (e.g., one or two people) from its storage location. (c) The safe and easy accommodation of evacuees in tsunami shelters; (d) The safety of victims is fully ensured after they have evacuated to tsunami shelters; etc.

[0009] (3) Suitability as a tsunami shelter as shown in the above-mentioned patent documents The tsunami shelter described in Patent Document 1 is a land-fixed type of tsunami shelter. When the location where evacuees are located is extremely close to the installation location of the tsunami shelter, there is no problem. However, in reality, in most cases, the location where evacuees are located is far from the installation location of the tsunami shelter. For evacuees to use this tsunami shelter, they need to move from their current location to the installation location of the tsunami shelter. Therefore, it is possible that evacuees cannot evacuate to the tsunami shelter by the time the tsunami arrives. This can also occur in cases where the occurrence of the tsunami is during an inactive time zone such as during sleep, or in cases where it is difficult to immediately interrupt work during working hours.

[0010] (2) The tsunami shelter described in Patent Document 2 is a floating type of tsunami shelter and is a large shelter that can accommodate a large number of people. However, because it is large, generally, it is difficult to moor it near the tsunami shelter evacuees during normal times, and it will be moored at facilities such as ports due to the momentum. As a result, when the location where evacuees are located is far from the mooring position, the same problems as in the case of (1) above are a concern. Also, since the tsunami shelter is large, it takes time for many disaster victims to be accommodated in the tsunami shelter. As a result, the worst situation where all evacuees cannot be accommodated in the tsunami shelter by the time the tsunami arrives is also assumed.

[0011] From the above, it cannot be said that either the land-fixed type of tsunami shelter described in Patent Document 1 or the floating type of tsunami shelter described in Patent Document 2 can fully achieve the original function of the tsunami shelter, which is to reliably move evacuees to the tsunami shelter and accommodate them here to protect them from the damage of the tsunami before the arrival of the tsunami accompanying the earthquake.

[0012] Therefore, the present invention has been made for the purpose of providing a tsunami shelter that can reliably protect evacuees from tsunamis accompanying earthquakes.

Means for Solving the Problem

[0013] In the present application First InventionIn the tsunami shelter according to the present invention, a frame-shaped body having a predetermined depth with an open upper surface into a shape is configured by forming a coating layer of polyurea resin over the entire surface of a shelter base made of foamed polystyrene resin formed into a shape and, Inside the above shelter base, at each of the four corners, adjacent in the left - right direction across a pair of side walls and the bottom wall portion joined and fixed a box-shaped body comprises a main body part and a seat plate attached to the upper surface side of the main body part is provided with an attachment body having its interior as a storage room, which is a feature of the present invention.

[0014] In the tsunami shelter according to the present application Second Invention in the tsunami shelter according to the above First Invention it is characterized in that a resin coating layer made of polyurea resin is formed over the entire surface of the attachment body and the entire surface of the seat plate.

[0015] In the tsunami shelter according to the present application Third Invention in the tsunami shelter according to the above First Invention in the tsunami shelter according to the above it is characterized in that a plurality of through holes are provided penetrating the side wall in the inner and outer directions at a position near the upper surface of the side wall of the shelter base.

Advantages of the Invention

[0016] (a) According to the tsunami shelter according to the present application First Invention since it is configured by forming a coating layer of polyurea resin over the entire surface of a shelter base made of foamed polystyrene resin formed into a frame-shaped body having a predetermined depth with an open upper surface into a shape (a-i) The tsunami shelter is configured by forming a coating layer of polyurea resin over the entire surface of the shelter base. Since it is widely known from the results of various JIS performance tests that this coating layer of polyurea resin has extremely high impact resistance, abrasion resistance, chemical resistance, corrosion resistance, and high waterproofness, a tsunami shelter with a coating layer of polyurea resin has high impact resistance, abrasion resistance, chemical resistance, and corrosion resistance. For example, even if the tsunami shelter is washed away by a tsunami and collides with floating objects such as driftwood, it is hardly damaged, broken, deformed, etc., the form of the tsunami shelter is maintained, and the safety of the evacuees boarding the tsunami shelter is ensured. (a-ii) Since the shelter base constituting the above tsunami shelter is made of expanded polystyrene resin, the tsunami shelter is extremely lightweight. As a result, the above tsunami shelter has high buoyancy performance, and even if it is washed away by a tsunami and shaken, it maintains a floating state, ensuring the safety of the evacuees boarding the tsunami shelter. (a-iii) The waterproofness of the shelter base, that is, the waterproofness of the tsunami shelter, is maintained by the above coating layer of polyurea resin. For example, even if the above tsunami shelter has been floating on the sea for a long time, its buoyancy performance is not impaired, ensuring the safety of the evacuees taking shelter in the tsunami shelter. (a-iv) Since the above tsunami shelter is extremely lightweight, for example, during normal times, the tsunami shelter can be installed near the evacuees, while during a tsunami, the tsunami shelter can be carried out from the installation position and transported to and installed at a predetermined standby location. Therefore, for example, compared with a situation where the residential location or daily life location of the evacuees is far from the location of the evacuation tower prepared in advance by the administrative agency, and they have to move to the evacuation tower for a long time to take shelter during a tsunami, the time from the start of the evacuation action to the completion of the evacuation is significantly reduced. Even when the tsunami arrival time is within 10 minutes, the evacuees can surely take shelter in the tsunami shelter. Extremely useful effects such as the above can be achieved.

[0017] Furthermore, in the tsunami shelter according to the first invention, Inside the above-mentioned shelter base, across at each of the four corners, adjacent in the left - right direction a pair of side walls and the bottom wall part joined and fixed a box-shaped body comprises a main body part and a seat plate attached to the upper surface side of the main body part is provided with an attachment body having its interior as a storage room therefore, (a - ho) Refugees taking shelter in the above-mentioned tsunami shelter can maintain a comfortable and stable posture for a long time by sitting on the seat board of the above-mentioned attachment body. Even if the refugee life lasts for a long time, the physical strength of the refugees is maintained and the possibility of being rescued is increased. (a - he) When the refugees sit on the above-mentioned attachment body, their postures are stabilized. For example, even when the tsunami shelter sways or receives an impact during floating, the refugees are prevented from being thrown out of the tsunami shelter, and the safety in the shelter state is ensured. (a - to) Since the interior of the above-mentioned attachment body is a storage room, if supplies such as water and food are stored here, the health of the refugees can be maintained by appropriately using the above-mentioned supplies even if the floating state due to the tsunami lasts for a long time, and the protection performance for the refugees is promoted. Extremely useful effects such as etc. are achieved.

[0018] (b) In the tsunami shelter according to the present application Second Invention in the tsunami shelter according to the above-mentioned First Invention a resin coating layer made of polyurea resin is formed on the entire surface of the above-mentioned attachment body and the entire surface of the above-mentioned seat board, so the strength performance of the attachment body is enhanced and the reliability in the use of the tsunami shelter is improved. (c) In the tsunami shelter according to the present application Third Invention in the tsunami shelter according to the above-mentioned First Invention a plurality of through holes are provided penetrating the side wall in the inner and outer directions at a position near the upper surface of the side wall of the above-mentioned shelter base. For example, by using these through holes as the hanging parts of the lifting tools of the crane, the posture change operation and the installation position change operation of the above-mentioned tsunami shelter are facilitated.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0019]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0020] Hereinafter, the tsunami shelter 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3.

[0021] The tsunami shelter 1 according to the present invention is configured by forming a coating layer 3 of polyurethane resin over the entire surface of the shelter base body 2 shown in FIG. 1 (see FIG. 3).

[0022] 「Configuration of the Shelter Base Body 2」 The above-mentioned shelter base body 2 is formed of a foamed polystyrene resin into a box-shaped body having a predetermined depth with an open upper surface. Specifically, it includes a bottom wall 21 made of a rectangular plate of foamed polystyrene resin with a thickness of about 150 mm, and four side walls 22 made of foamed polystyrene resin plates with a thickness of about 100 mm.

[0023] Then, around the four sides of the bottom wall 21, the respective side walls 22 are arranged in an upright state so as to surround the periphery of the bottom wall 21, and the bottom wall 21 and the four side walls 22 are adhesively fixed and integrated. In this integrated state, inside each of the side walls 22, for example, a rectangular recess 23 with an open upper surface having a length and width of about 1,700 mm and a depth of about 770 mm is formed. Note that this rectangular recess 23 functions as an evacuation standby space 7 in the later-described tsunami shelter 1.

[0024] Further, the upper surface of the shelter base 2 (i.e., the upper end surfaces of the side walls 22) has its inner and outer edges chamfered (see Fig. 3). By this chamfering, there are no sharp edge portions on the upper surface 2a of the shelter base 2, and when evacuees climb over the side wall 22 portion and enter and exit the rectangular recess 23 (i.e., the evacuation standby space 7) as described later, the entry and exit operations can be performed safely and easily.

[0025] Furthermore, at positions near the upper part of each side wall 22, a plurality of through holes 4 with an inner diameter of about 50 to 60 mm are formed through the side wall 22 in the inner and outer directions at appropriate pitches (in this embodiment, three for each side wall 22). These through holes 4 are used, for example, as the hanging portions of the crane's lifting tool 6 as shown in Fig. 3, or as the attachment portions of the gripping rope 5. In particular, by connecting the gripping ropes 5 passed through these through holes 4 in sequence, the gripping rope 5 can be wound around the periphery of the rectangular recess 23. For example, when the evacuees who have taken shelter in the rectangular recess 23 grip this gripping rope 5, the evacuees can be protected from the swaying of the tsunami shelter 1 or the impact when the tsunami shelter 1 comes into contact with floating objects.

[0026] On the other hand, attachment bodies 8 are provided at positions near the bottom walls 21 at the four corners of the shelter base 2. This attachment body 8 functions as a chair or a storage for supplies 9 such as water. It includes a main body portion 8a made of expanded polystyrene resin joined and fixed across the three members of a pair of left and right side walls 22 and the bottom wall 21 so as to block the corner portion, and a seat plate 8b also made of expanded polystyrene resin and connected to the main body portion 8a via a hinge (not shown) so as to be openable and closable.

[0027] And by setting the seat plate 8b in the closed state, as shown in FIG. 3, the attached body 8 can be used as a chair, and the evacuee 10 can sit here and lean the back against the left and right walls, thus stabilizing the posture. For example, even when the tsunami shelter 1 sways or is impacted during floating, the evacuee 10 can be prevented from being thrown out of the tsunami shelter, ensuring the safety of the evacuation state. As shown in FIG. 3, the evacuee 10 can also sit directly on the bottom wall 21 and wait without sitting on the attached body 8.

[0028] Furthermore, the interior of the attached body 8 is a storage room 8c, and by opening the seat plate 8b, supplies 9 such as water and food can be stored and kept in the storage room 8c. By storing the supplies 9 in the storage room 8c in this way, the health of the evacuees can be maintained by appropriately using the supplies 9 even if the floating state due to the tsunami continues for a long time.

[0029] "Construction of the Tsunami Shelter 1" As shown in FIG. 2, the shelter base 2 configured as described above has a coating layer of polyurea resin formed on the entire surface thereof including the attached body 8 and the through hole 4. Since it is a well-known fact widely known from the results of various JIS performance tests that this coating surface layer 3 of polyurea resin has extremely high impact resistance, abrasion resistance, chemical resistance, corrosion resistance, and high waterproofness, the tsunami shelter 1 with this coating layer 3 of polyurea resin has high impact resistance, abrasion resistance, chemical resistance, and corrosion resistance. For example, even if it is washed away by a tsunami and collides with floating objects such as driftwood, it is hardly damaged, destroyed, deformed, etc., the form of the tsunami shelter 1 is maintained, and the safety of the evacuees boarding the tsunami shelter 1 is ensured.

[0030] At this time, the coating layer 3 is colored orange. The reason for choosing this orange color is that it is the most visible color on the deep blue sea. In fact, rescue buoys and life jackets of the Coast Guard are also colored orange. As a result, for example, when the tsunami shelter 1 is washed away by a tsunami and floats offshore, it can be easily discovered by an aircraft or the like that is searching for it, leading to early rescue.

[0031] In addition, since the shelter base 2 constituting the tsunami shelter 1 is made of expanded polystyrene resin, the tsunami shelter 1 is extremely lightweight. As a result, the tsunami shelter 1 has high buoyancy performance and can maintain a floating state even when washed away by a tsunami and shaken, ensuring the safety of the evacuees boarding the tsunami shelter 1.

[0032] Furthermore, the waterproof property of the shelter base 2, that is, the waterproof property of the tsunami shelter 1, is maintained by the coating layer 3 of the polyurethane resin. For example, even if the tsunami shelter 1 floats on the sea for a long time, its buoyancy performance will not be impaired, ensuring the safety of the evacuees taking shelter in the tsunami shelter 1.

[0033] Since the tsunami shelter 1 is extremely lightweight, for example, in normal times, the tsunami shelter 1 can be temporarily placed near the evacuee 10, while at the time of a tsunami, the tsunami shelter 1 can be carried out from the temporary placement position and transported to a pre-determined waiting place for installation. Therefore, for example, compared with the case where the residential location or daily life location of the evacuee 10 is far from the location of the evacuation tower prepared in advance by the administrative agency and it takes time to move to the evacuation tower for shelter at the time of a tsunami, the time from the start of evacuation to the completion of evacuation is significantly reduced. Even when the tsunami arrival time is within 10 minutes, the evacuee 10 can surely take shelter in the tsunami shelter 1.

[0034] "Others" In this patent application, the name of the invention is "tsunami shelter", but this does not mean that it can only respond to tsunami disasters. It is adapted to typical uses and can be applied without any problems to shelters applicable to floods in rivers, for example.

Industrial Applicability

[0035] The tsunami shelter according to the present invention can be widely used in the field of disaster prevention industry.

Explanation of Signs

[0036] 1 ·· Tsunami shelter 2 ·· Shelter base 3 ·· Coating layer 4 ·· Through hole 5 ·· Gripping rope 6 ·· Hanging tool 7 ·· Refuge waiting space 8 ·· Attachment 9 ·· Stockpiled goods 10 ·· Evacuee 21 ·· Bottom wall 22 ·· Side wall 23 ·· Rectangular recess

Claims

1. A tsunami shelter is configured by forming a coating layer of polyurea resin over the entire surface of a foam polystyrene resin shelter base body formed in a frame-shaped body having a predetermined depth with an open top, and inside the shelter base body, at each of the four corners of the shelter base body, there is provided an attachment body including a main body portion of a box-shaped body joined and fixed across a pair of side walls adjacent in the left-right direction and a bottom wall portion, and a seat plate attached to the upper surface side of the main body portion, with its interior serving as a storage room.

2. In Claim 1, A tsunami shelter, characterized in that a resin coating layer made of polyurea resin is formed over the entire surface of the attachment body and the entire surface of the seat plate.

3. In Claim 1, A tsunami shelter, characterized in that a plurality of through holes are provided through the side wall of the shelter base body at a position near the upper surface of the side wall in the inner and outer directions.

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