Energy storage system

Abstract

To provide a storage system that improves space saving, system efficiency, safety, and module flexibility. [Solution] The energy storage system (1) comprises a shipping container-shaped housing (2) of a predetermined size, a rack (16) that can be accommodated inside the housing and has multiple vertical stages, a storage battery module (13) that is placed on one of the stages of the rack and includes one or more storage battery cells, an AC / DC conversion unit (12) that is placed on one of the stages of the rack and converts the discharge power from the storage battery module from DC to AC and the charge power to the storage battery module from AC to DC, a plurality of cooling plates (14) that are abutted against the back of each storage battery cell or between the storage battery cells and include pipes inside for conducting coolant, and a coolant supply unit (31) that supplies coolant to the pipes, and the above-mentioned problem is solved by arranging multiple sets of the AC / DC conversion unit (12) and storage battery module (13) as one set in parallel horizontally inside the housing (2).

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an electricity storage system. [Background technology]

[0002] Energy storage systems are widely used in various fields, including industrial and power grid applications. For example, when charging, a power storage system converts AC power supplied from a commercial power source into DC power using a power conversion system (PCS) to charge a storage battery, and when discharging, the PCS converts the DC power charged in the storage battery into AC power and supplies it. Both the battery cluster and the PCS generate heat during operation. Therefore, energy storage systems also have mechanisms for cooling them. For example, the following technologies are available regarding energy storage systems:

[0003] As a first technology, for example, a power storage system that combines high input / output characteristics with large capacity and fully utilizes the high input / output characteristics in operation is disclosed (see, for example, Patent Document 1). The power storage system includes a power storage unit group, a charging device, and a temperature management device. The power storage unit group supplies power to a load in series-parallel configuration using unit power storage units, each of which is made up of a plurality of power storage modules connected in series, each of which has lithium-ion secondary batteries as storage battery cells. The charging device supplies charging current to the power storage unit group. The temperature management device collects temperature information within each power storage module from the unit power storage units of the power storage unit group, identifies storage battery cells with temperatures outside a specified range from the collected temperature information, and controls the temperature of the relevant storage battery cell to fall within the specified range.

[0004] Furthermore, as a second technology, for example, a building energy storage system has been disclosed that is capable of sufficiently dissipating heat from an energy storage device, particularly an energy storage device including a high-performance hybrid storage battery (see, for example, Patent Document 2). The building energy storage system includes an energy storage device, a heat transfer device, and a heat exhaust device. The energy storage device includes a secondary battery that can charge and discharge the power used in the building, and a power conversion unit that is connected to the secondary battery and converts the charging power to the secondary battery and the discharging power from the secondary battery, respectively. The heat transfer device conducts heat generated in the energy storage device. The heat exhaust device exhausts heat conducted by the heat transfer device. The floor space of each floor of a building consists of a piping space, an underfloor space, and an above-floor space, and the energy storage device is located in the underfloor space, while the heat exhaust device is located in at least one of the piping space, the above-floor space, and the exterior space of the building.

[0005] Furthermore, as a third technique, for example, a power storage device that can suppress a temperature rise of a temperature regulating liquid and perform highly efficient temperature regulation has been disclosed (see, for example, Patent Document 3). The power storage device has a battery module with a storage battery, a case that houses the battery module, and piping that is provided in the case and through which a temperature regulating liquid that regulates the temperature of the power storage device flows in a non-circulating manner.

[0006] Furthermore, as a fourth technology, for example, a highly robust and scalable energy storage system has been disclosed (see, for example, Patent Document 3). The energy storage system includes three-phase AC wiring connected to a three-phase AC power grid, a plurality of energy storage blocks each including an energy storage module and a power conditioner connected in parallel to the three-phase AC wiring, and a system control unit capable of individually controlling the plurality of energy storage blocks. The energy storage module includes an energy storage unit and a management unit that manages the energy storage unit. The power conditioner includes a power conversion unit that converts DC power discharged from the energy storage unit into single-phase AC power and outputs it to two wires of the three-phase AC wiring, and converts single-phase AC power input from the two wires of the three-phase AC wiring into DC power to charge the energy storage unit, and a control unit that is connected to the system control unit by a first communication line and to the management unit by a second communication line, and controls the power conversion unit. The plurality of storage blocks are six or more storage blocks, and among the six or more storage blocks, two or more storage blocks are U-phase storage blocks, two or more storage blocks are V-phase storage blocks, and two or more storage blocks are W-phase storage blocks. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0007] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 2020-205217 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2017-111967 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2015-232955 [Patent Document 4] International Publication No. 2018 / 221040 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0008] Conventional energy storage systems have faced challenges such as limited installation space, limited cooling efficiency due to air cooling or limited liquid cooling, and a lack of flexibility in the component modules. For example, in the fourth technology, multiple energy storage blocks are stacked in a cabinet, but no mention is made of portability or size reduction. In the second technology, both liquid cooling and air cooling are used in combination. For example, Patent Document 2 discloses heat exchange using a cooling unit, but does not disclose the heat absorption method or optimization of the refrigerant arrangement. In the first technology, the energy storage unit configuration is somewhat fixed; for example, in Patent Document 1, multiple integrated PCS (Power Conversion System)-battery systems are connected, resulting in a lack of flexibility in the component modules.

[0009] In addition, in conventional energy storage systems housed in containers, the PCS, battery management system (BMS), and control panel are arranged side by side or as separate units, and the cooling system requires separate piping space and cooling space, which tends to make the container size 20 feet or larger.

[0010] In addition, the cooling lines for the PCS and the battery were separate, requiring separate cooling units, which meant that dedicated chillers and fan systems had to be installed separately inside the container, increasing the overall volume of the cooling system.

[0011] Additionally, the control panel for the energy storage system is a separate cabinet, and its volume, including the maintenance space, is large, so it was necessary to consider in advance how much space would be required within the container.

[0012] Therefore, one aspect of the present invention provides an energy storage system that improves space saving, system efficiency, safety, and module flexibility. [Means for solving the problem]

[0013] According to one aspect of the present invention, an electricity storage system (1) includes a shipping container-like housing (2) of a predetermined size and a plurality of vertically arranged storage batteries (1) that can be housed inside the housing.Skeleton shape Each rack (16) and each A storage battery module (13) mounted on any one of the shelves of the rack and including one or more storage battery cells; each an AC / DC converter (12) placed on any one of the shelves of the rack, which converts discharge power from the storage battery module from DC to AC and converts charge power to the storage battery module from AC to DC; an inner wall of the housing; a plurality of cooling plates (14) that are in contact with the back surfaces of the battery cells or between the battery cells and that include pipes through which a coolant flows; and a coolant supply unit (31) that supplies the coolant to the pipes, On each of the racks: The AC / DC converter (12) and the storage battery module (13) Place it 1 pair rack of A plurality of sets are arranged in the housing (2). rack of are arranged in parallel horizontally The plurality of cooling plates (14) are arranged in contact with the inner wall of the housing, isolating each set of racks, and are in contact with the top, side, back, and bottom of each set of racks, the housing includes a charging / discharging section (7) that houses the plurality of sets of racks, and a liquid cooling section (8) that houses the cooling liquid supply section, and the plurality of cooling plates (14) further isolate the charging / discharging section (7) from the liquid cooling section (8). It is characterized by:

[0014] The energy storage system (1) is further characterized by comprising a control panel (15) that integrates, into an integrated structure, a battery management system (21) that manages the status and safety of the battery cells or the battery modules, an energy management system (22) that manages the operation of the entire energy storage system, and a communication gateway (23) that communicates with the outside.

[0015] The piping is provided with a bypass route for each of the battery modules (13). The AC / DC converter (12) or each set of the AC / DC converter (12) and the storage battery module (13) are cooled by a common liquid-cooled circulation circuit. It is characterized by:

[0016] The control panel (15) can be installed in the housing by sliding it in. It is characterized by:

[0017] The rack (16) is characterized in that it is installed on the floor of the housing by means of vibration-isolating rubber (52) and a center-of-gravity adjusting plate (53). [Effects of the Invention]

[0018] According to one aspect of the present invention, it is possible to improve space saving, system efficiency, safety, and module flexibility in a power storage system. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0019] [Figure 1] 1 is an external perspective view of a power storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a front view of the electricity storage system when the container door is open in one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] FIG. 2 is a side view of the electricity storage system when the container door is open in one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] 1 is a block diagram of the overall configuration of a power storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 5] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an overview of a charging / discharging unit 7 in one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] 1 is a diagram illustrating an outline of a liquid cooling unit according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] 1 is a diagram illustrating an overview of a frame with vibration-isolating rubber and a gravity center adjusting plate according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0020] 1 is a perspective view of the appearance of a power storage system according to one embodiment of the present invention. In the following description, the surface viewed from the direction of arrow A in FIG. 1 is the front surface of the power storage system 1, and the surface viewed from the direction of arrow B is the side surface of the power storage system 1.

[0021] The energy storage system 1 is an integrated AC / DC energy storage system housed in a 10-foot (ft) container (hereinafter simply referred to as the "container") 2. The 10-foot (ft) container has dimensions of length (external dimensions: 2.991 mm, internal dimensions: 2.900 mm), width (external dimensions: 2.438 mm, internal dimensions: 2.350 mm), and height (external dimensions: 2.591 mm, internal dimensions: 2.390 mm).

[0022] The outer surface of the front side of the container 2 is provided with an intake / exhaust unit 3 (3a, 3b) and three front doors 4 (4a, 4b, 4c) that open outward and to the right. The intake / exhaust unit 3 is a unit that takes in and exhausts outside air. When all the front doors 4 (4a, 4b, 4c) are opened, the container is in the state shown in Figure 2.

[0023] In addition, a fire extinguishing unit 5 (5a, 5b) and two side doors 6 (6a, 6b) that open outward and on both sides are provided on the outer surface of the side of the container 2. The fire extinguishing unit 5 has a function of extinguishing a fire in the event of a fire. When the side doors 6 (6a, 6b) are opened, the container 2 assumes the state shown in Figure 3.

[0024] Furthermore, inside the container 2, the front side mainly houses a charging / discharging unit 7 including circuits used for charging and discharging, a storage battery, etc., as will be described later. The back side of the container 2 mainly houses a liquid cooling unit 8 for absorbing heat generated in the storage battery module and transferring the heat to the outside, as will be described later.

[0025] 2 is a front view of the electricity storage system when the container doors are open in one embodiment of the present invention. When all front doors 4 (4a, 4b, 4c) are opened, the charging and discharging unit 7 is exposed as shown in FIG.

[0026] The charging and discharging unit 7 includes one or more scalable power conversion systems (SPCS). One SPCS 11 is represented by the area 11 enclosed by a dashed line. The SPCS 11 is modularized, and one to multiple SPCSs 11 can be operated in parallel depending on the required power capacity. In FIG. 2, three SPCSs 11 are mounted in the container 2. Each SPCS 11 includes a power conversion system (PCS) 12 and multiple storage battery modules 13.

[0027] The PCS 12 and storage battery modules 13 of one SPCS 11 are mounted on a skeleton rack (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a rack) 16 which has multiple vertical stages. In the example of Fig. 2, the rack 16 has nine vertical stages, with the PCS 12 installed on the top stage and storage battery modules 13 installed on each of the second to ninth stages (a total of eight storage battery modules 13 are installed).

[0028] The PCS 12 has the function of converting charging power to the storage battery module 13 from AC to DC, converting discharging power from the storage battery module 13 from DC to AC, and suppressing output when discharging from the storage battery module 13.

[0029] The battery module 13 is a group of battery cells designed to increase the energy capacity and voltage for a specific application. In this example, eight battery modules 13 are installed vertically. A cooling plate 14 is installed within the battery module 13.

[0030] Additionally, cooling plates 14 (hatched areas indicated by diagonal lines in the figure) are provided along the inner walls of the container 2, and the cooling plates 14 further isolate the individual SPCSs 11. Piping is installed within the cooling plates 14 (the portions that contact the inner walls of the container 2 and the portions that isolate the individual SPCSs 11) to circulate a coolant and directly absorb heat from inside the battery cells. For example, to improve the cooling effect of the circulating coolant, the piping is arranged so that the coolant flows vertically within the cooling plate 14, then turns around at the ceiling or bottom of the cooling plate 14 and flows in the opposite vertical direction.

[0031] By configuring the units in this manner, each SPCS 11 unit is an independent module, preventing thermal interference between the units, while the cooling plate 14 can efficiently cool the storage battery cells or storage battery modules, allowing for a densely packed arrangement.

[0032] 3 is a side view of the electricity storage system when the container doors are open in one embodiment of the present invention. When all of the side doors 6 (6a, 6b) are opened, the side of the electricity storage system is exposed as shown in FIG.

[0033] As seen from the front, a cooling plate 14 (the hatched area shown with diagonal lines in the figure) is provided along the inner wall of the container 2 on the side as well, and the cooling plate 14 further separates the discharge / charge unit 7 from the liquid cooling unit 8. As described in FIG. 2, piping is installed inside the cooling plate 14 (the portion that contacts the inner wall of the container 2 and the portion that separates the discharge / charge unit 7 from the liquid cooling unit 8) to circulate a cooling liquid (coolant) and directly absorb heat from inside the battery cells. A highly integrated control panel 15 is installed inside the container 2 on the side of the liquid cooling unit 8. The highly integrated control panel 15 will be described later.

[0034] In this way, the PCS12 or SPCS11 can be arranged in a vertically stacked rack, i.e., by stacking the SPCS vertically in three parallel rows, the occupied area within the compartment can be reduced to one-third or less. This allows each SPCS11 to be placed close together while preventing thermal interference between units as an independent module. This eliminates the need for horizontal expansion and enables the coexistence of alternating current (AC) and direct current (DC) circuits within a 10-foot space.

[0035] 4 is a block diagram of the overall configuration of a power storage system according to one embodiment of the present invention. A highly integrated control panel 15 integrates a battery management system (BMS) 21, an energy management system (EMS) 22, and a communication gateway 23 into an integrated structure.

[0036] The BMS21 performs safety control for rechargeable secondary batteries such as lithium-ion batteries. The BMS21 has overcharge protection, overdischarge protection, overcurrent protection, overheat protection, and short-circuit protection functions. The overcharge protection function automatically stops charging to prevent the battery voltage from exceeding a safe range. The overdischarge protection function stops discharging when the battery voltage drops below a set value to prevent over-discharge. The overcurrent protection function limits the current flowing to the battery to protect it from excessive current. The overheat protection function limits charging or discharging when the battery temperature is too high and waits until the temperature drops. The short-circuit protection function immediately cuts off the flow of current if a short circuit occurs between the battery terminals, preventing damage.

[0037] The EMS 22 comprehensively controls and optimizes the flow of energy between the storage battery module 13, PCS 12, BMS 21, and external power grids. It has energy control, scheduling, data collection, remote monitoring, and FEMS / BEMS integration functions. The energy control function controls the timing of power charging and discharging and performs output control (peak cutting and load leveling). The scheduling function formulates operation schedules based on grid power prices and solar power generation forecasts. The data collection function integrates information collected from each module, such as the PCS, BMS, and weather sensors. The remote monitoring function uses communications to connect to and operate the cloud and SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) systems, and issues alarms. SCADA is a system that aggregates data from infrastructure and manufacturing process equipment and devices in a single location for monitoring and control. The FEMS / BEMS integration function optimizes operation by linking with factories (Factory EMS (FEMS)) and buildings (Building EMS (BEMS)).

[0038] The communication gateway 23 performs data communication with, for example, external systems and monitoring centers. For example, the communication gateway 23 performs communication between the power storage system and external monitoring systems (SCADA, cloud, power company control systems), supports various communication protocols (Modbus, DNP3, IEC 61850, TCP / IP, etc.), and performs remote monitoring, alarm notification, historical data transmission, and security measures (Virtual Private Network (VPN), encryption, access control).

[0039] The power storage system 1 includes an EMS 22. The EMS 22 shares information with the BMS 21, the PCS 12, the liquid cooling unit 8, and an external power system, and optimizes power storage and discharge operations and heat management.

[0040] As described above, the charging / discharging unit 7 includes one or more SPCSs 11. Each SPCS 11 includes a PCS 12 and a storage battery module 13.

[0041] The liquid cooling unit 8 includes a liquid cooler 31, a flow dividing pipe 32, and a cooling plate 14. The liquid cooler 31 includes a heat exchanger and a pump. The heat exchanger allows two fluids of different temperatures to flow across a heat transfer surface, exchanging thermal energy between the two fluids. The pump is the power source that circulates the cooling liquid.

[0042] The shunt pipe 32 is a pipe that shunts the coolant output from the liquid cooler 31 to pipes that cool each storage battery. The cooling plate 14 is a plate that cools the inside of the discharge / charge unit 7 and the storage battery (including the storage battery cells and / or storage battery modules), and pipes (cooling pipes) through which the coolant circulates run through the inside of the plate.

[0043] In this way, the BMS 21, EMS 22, and communication gateway 23 can be integrated into an integrated structure in the highly integrated control panel 15. Furthermore, the highly integrated control panel 15 can be installed using a slide-in method, enabling tool-less maintenance. As a result, the maintenance space inside the container can be reduced. This allows the control unit to be made approximately 30% smaller, contributing to a reduction in width.

[0044] In addition, interference caused by communication noise between the SPCS11 and EMS22 is suppressed by converting the control signals to optical communication / CAN-bus.

[0045] 5 is a diagram illustrating an overview of the charging / discharging unit 7 in one embodiment of the present invention. The charging / discharging unit 7 includes an output to an MV (Medium Voltage) Skid, i.e., a connection point to a medium voltage skid-type facility (a transformer / switchgear integrated module).

[0046] 5, the charging / discharging unit 7 includes a first circuit breaker 41, an AC fuse 42, an AC bus 43, and an SPCS 11. The AC fuse 42 is a fuse used in an alternating current (AC) circuit. The AC bus 43 is a bus used in an alternating current (AC) circuit.

[0047] The PCS 12 includes an AC fuse 44, a second circuit breaker 45, an AC (alternating current)-DC (direct current) converter (converter / inverter) 46, a third circuit breaker 47, and a DC fuse 48. The AC (alternating current)-DC (direct current) converter (converter / inverter) 46 includes a converter circuit that converts alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC) and an inverter circuit that converts the direct current (DC) back to alternating current (AC). The AC fuse 44 is a fuse used in the alternating current (AC) circuit. The DC fuse 48 is a fuse used in the direct current (DC) circuit. The storage battery module 13 includes storage battery strings 49 (49a, 49b). The storage battery strings 49 are made up of multiple storage battery cells connected in series.

[0048] As a result, during charging, the MV Skid steps down the voltage of the externally supplied power and converts it from AC to DC, and it can be used to charge the storage battery strings 49. During discharging, the power charged in the storage battery strings 49 is converted from DC to AC and output to the MV Skid, and the MV Skid steps up the voltage and charges the power, making it possible to use the power.

[0049] 6 is a diagram illustrating an overview of a liquid cooling unit in one embodiment of the present invention. A liquid cooler 31 supplies a cooling liquid (refrigerant) to a branch pipe 32. The branch pipe 32 supplies the cooling liquid (refrigerant) to the piping of the cooling plate 14 adjacent to each storage battery cell 33 (33a, 33b, 33c). The cooling liquid (refrigerant) supplied to the cooling plate 14 absorbs heat generated by each storage battery and is recovered.

[0050] That is, the coolant passes through piping (cooling piping) and is supplied to the cooling plate 14 or cooling channel in each battery cluster. Regarding contact with the battery cells, the cooling plate 14 is in close contact with the back and side of the battery cells, and heat is conducted through the cooling plate 14, with the internal coolant absorbing heat generated by the battery cells. Furthermore, regarding isolation from the refrigerant, there is no direct contact between the battery cells and the refrigerant (the battery cells are enclosed in an insulating protective structure).

[0051] The cooling loop circulates coolant using a pump, providing centralized cooling and heat removal (with a heat exchanger) (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a common liquid cooling loop). A common liquid cooling loop connects the PCS12 and battery cluster to the same refrigerant circulation system (loop) and cools them using a common pump, piping, and heat exchanger. The refrigerant is circulated using a pump and passes through the battery cluster from the refrigerant inlet. It then passes through the PCS12, after which the heat is released to the outside by a heat exchanger and returned to the battery.

[0052] That is, after the refrigerant absorbs heat in the battery cluster and PCS 12, the warmed refrigerant travels along path A to the heat exchanger (flow of the warm side of the refrigerant (hot coolant)), and after being cooled in the heat exchanger, the cooled refrigerant returns to the battery cluster and PCS along path B (flow of the cooled side of the refrigerant (cold coolant)).The refrigerant then circulates from path B to path A, cooling the PCS 12 and the battery cells.

[0053] This allows for the sharing of cooling equipment such as piping, pumps, and heat exchangers, reducing costs and installation space. In addition, the refrigerant circulation system is simplified, improving maintainability.

[0054] In this way, the PCS 12 or SPCS 11 and the battery cluster can be cooled by a common liquid cooling loop. The piping length can be minimized, and the heat exchanger and refrigerant pump can be centrally controlled. A symmetrical arrangement can be adopted that maintains balance between the centers of gravity of the cooling plate 14 and the branch pipe 32. This reduces the number of cooling devices, enabling weight and space savings of 20% or more.

[0055] Furthermore, in the event of heat concentration due to an abnormality in the charging / discharging unit 7, local overheating can be avoided by designing a module-specific bypass route for the liquid-cooled piping. A module-specific bypass route refers to a structure in which each storage battery module 13 or storage battery cluster has its own inlet and outlet for the coolant (refrigerant), allowing the flow to be diverted and controlled as needed. In essence, this circuit design allows for bypassing a problem in the path cooling a particular storage battery module and continuing to cool other storage battery modules, even if there is a problem with the path. The cooling structure in this embodiment has independent coolant supply and return paths for each storage battery module or storage battery cluster. Even if the cooling performance of a particular storage battery module deteriorates or an abnormality occurs in the path cooling that module, this bypass route design allows for continued cooling of other storage battery modules.

[0056] This embodiment employs a direct refrigerant cooling system. The direct refrigerant cooling system is a structure in which the coolant flows through piping and the cooling plate 14 (or chamber) in close proximity to the battery module 13 (at the substrate / cell contact surface) and directly absorbs heat. In other words, the cooling plate 14 is physically in close contact with the backside of the cells and the spaces between the cells, and the coolant flows inside the cooling plate 14, achieving highly efficient cooling at a level similar to that of direct contact.

[0057] The liquid cooling unit 8 circulates a refrigerant through pipes and a cooling plate 14. The cooling plate 14 is placed in close contact with the exterior surface of the battery cells, allowing for efficient absorption of heat generated by the battery cells. The refrigerant does not come into direct contact with the battery cells, but circulates within a sealed circuit that flows through the cooling plate 14.

[0058] Fig. 7 is a diagram illustrating an overview of a frame with anti-vibration rubber and a center-of-gravity adjustment plate in one embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 7, the SPCS 11 or PCS 12 is supported by a frame 51 equipped with anti-vibration rubber 52 and a center-of-gravity adjustment mechanism 53. The frame 51 corresponds to the rack 16. The center-of-gravity adjustment mechanism 53 is a mechanism that can change the overall balance of the rack 16 by adjusting, for example, the mounting position of the equipment or the position of the weights, and by moving the center of gravity lower and closer to the center, it is possible to prevent tipping and improve vibration resistance.

[0059] Possible center of gravity adjustment mechanisms 53 include, for example, sliding mounting rails, movable weight blocks, lifting bases, and reconfigurable frame structures. Sliding mounting rails move the unit back and forth to align the center of gravity. Movable weight blocks change the mounting position of the weight on the bottom or back. The lifting base lowers the position of the upper unit to lower the center of gravity. Reconfigurable frame structures provide multiple mounting points on the frame so that the loading order and position of the equipment can be changed.

[0060] This allows the SPCS 11 or PCS 12 to prevent or reduce condensation and resonance caused by vibration. In addition, the piping and rack 16 are manufactured using lightweight aluminum integral casting. This allows the energy storage system 1 to weigh less than 20 tons, reducing the risk of excess weight.

[0061] The energy storage system 1 in this embodiment is housed in a 10-foot container and therefore employs the following: In the charging / discharging unit 7, the PCS 12 or SPCS 11 is configured in a vertically stacked configuration, and with regard to the control unit, the BMS 21, EMS 22, and communication gateway 23 are integrated into an integrated structure as a highly integrated control panel 15. The liquid cooling system is configured in a unified loop, thereby reducing the number of components in the cooling system. Furthermore, a common control board for the communication system, BMS 21, etc. is integrated, thereby realizing space savings for wiring and control panels. Furthermore, the cooling piping is branched for each unit, preventing heat from accumulating even during localized heating.

[0062] According to this embodiment, the energy storage system 1 has advanced thermal control using a liquid cooling unit 8, and the storage battery module 13, PCS 12, and highly integrated control panel 15 are integrally arranged. The weight of the energy storage system 1 is, for example, 20 tons or less, making it easy to transport. The energy storage system 1 also minimizes the installation area. The energy storage system 1 can accommodate, for example, up to three PCSs 11 and can accommodate up to six storage battery clusters. Therefore, it complies with Japanese regulations and is easy to transport and install. Furthermore, full liquid cooling suppresses deterioration of the storage batteries, achieving a long service life. Furthermore, the optimized layout of the internal equipment improves inspection and maintenance.

[0063] In view of the above, the energy storage system (1) in this embodiment comprises a shipping container-shaped housing (2) of a predetermined size, a rack (16) that can be accommodated inside the housing and has multiple vertical stages, a storage battery module (13) that is placed on one of the stages of the rack and includes one or more storage battery cells, an AC-DC conversion unit (12) that is placed on one of the stages of the rack and converts discharge power from the storage battery module from DC to AC and converts charge power to the storage battery module from AC to DC, a plurality of cooling plates (14) that are abutted against the back of each of the storage battery cells or between the storage battery cells and include pipes therein for conducting a coolant, and a coolant supply unit (31) that supplies the coolant to the pipes, and is characterized in that a plurality of sets of the AC-DC conversion unit (12) and the storage battery module (13) are arranged in parallel horizontally within the housing (2), with each set consisting of the AC-DC conversion unit (12) and the storage battery module (13).

[0064] By configuring in this way, it is possible to improve space saving, system efficiency, safety, and module flexibility in the power storage system.

[0065] The energy storage system (1) is further characterized by comprising a control panel (15) that integrates, into an integrated structure, a battery management system (21) that manages the status and safety of the battery cells or the battery modules, an energy management system (22) that manages the operation of the entire energy storage system, and a communication gateway (23) that communicates with the outside.

[0066] By configuring it in this way, it is possible to reduce the size of the control mechanism by approximately 30%, which contributes to reducing the width.

[0067] The piping is characterized in that a bypass route is provided for each of the storage battery modules (13).

[0068] With this configuration, even if there is a problem with the route to one battery module, that route can be bypassed and the others can continue to be cooled.

[0069] The AC / DC converter (12) or each set of AC / DC converters (12) and the storage battery modules (13) are cooled by a common liquid-cooled circulation circuit.

[0070] By configuring it in this way, the number of parts in the cooling device can be reduced, and the weight and space can be reduced by 20% or more.

[0071] The rack (16) is characterized in that it is installed on the floor of the housing by means of vibration-isolating rubber (52) and a center-of-gravity adjusting plate (53).

[0072] This configuration makes it possible to provide resistance to condensation and resonance caused by vibration.

[0073] This aspect has been described above based on embodiments and modifications. However, the above-described embodiments are intended to facilitate understanding of this aspect and are not intended to limit this aspect. This aspect may be modified or improved without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and equivalents thereof are included in this aspect. Furthermore, if a technical feature is not described as essential in this specification, it may be deleted as appropriate. [Explanation of symbols]

[0074] 1. Energy storage system 2. Container 3(3a,3b) Intake and exhaust unit 4(4a,4b,4c) Front door 5(5a,5b) Fire extinguishing unit 6(6a,6b) Side door 7 Discharging and charging section 8 Liquid cooling section 10 Frame members 11 SPCS 12 PCS 13 Battery module 14 Cooling plate 15 Highly integrated control panel 16 racks 21 BMS 22 EMS 23 Communication Gateway 31 Liquid cooling machine 32 Flow tube 33 Battery Cell 51 frames 52 Anti-vibration rubber 53 Center of gravity adjustment mechanism

Claims

1. a shipping container-like enclosure (2) of a predetermined size; Each rack (16) has a skeleton shape and is housed inside the housing and has multiple vertical stages; A storage battery module (13) mounted on any one of the shelves of each of the racks and including one or more storage battery cells; an AC / DC converter (12) placed on any one of the shelves of each of the racks, for converting discharge power from the storage battery modules from DC to AC and converting charge power to the storage battery modules from AC to DC; a plurality of cooling plates (14) that are in contact with the inner wall of the housing, the back surface of each of the storage battery cells, and between the storage battery cells, and that include pipes therein through which a coolant flows; a coolant supply unit (31) for supplying the coolant to the piping; Equipped with The AC / DC converter (12) and the storage battery module (13) are placed on each of the racks to form a set of racks, and multiple sets of racks are arranged in parallel horizontally within the housing (2); The plurality of cooling plates (14) are arranged in contact with the inner wall of the housing, separating each set of racks, and in contact with the top, side, back, and bottom surfaces of each set of racks; The housing includes a charging / discharging section (7) that houses the plurality of rack sets, and a liquid cooling section (8) that houses the cooling liquid supply section, The plurality of cooling plates (14) further separate the charge / discharge section (7) from the liquid cooling section (8). A power storage system (1).

2. The storage system (1) further includes: A control panel (15) that integrates into an integrated structure a battery management system (21) that manages the state and safety of the battery cells or the battery modules, an energy management system (22) that manages the operation of the entire power storage system, and a communication gateway (23) that communicates with the outside. The energy storage system (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises:

3. The piping is provided with a bypass route that can detour around each of the storage battery modules (13), The AC / DC converter (12) or each set of the AC / DC converter (12) and the storage battery module (13) are cooled by a common liquid-cooled circulation circuit.

2. The energy storage system (1) according to claim 1.

4. The control panel (15) can be installed in the housing using a slide-in method.

3. The energy storage system (1) according to claim 2.

5. The rack (16) is attached to the floor of the housing by means of vibration-isolating rubber (52) and a gravity center adjustment plate (53).

2. The energy storage system (1) according to claim 1.

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