Composite antenna

Abstract

Provided in the embodiments of the present invention is a composite antenna, comprising a plurality of antennas, which are sequentially arranged in a stacked manner from top to bottom in ascending order of operating frequencies of the antennas, wherein the plurality of antennas comprise a first antenna group located at an upper portion and a second antenna group located at a lower portion; the first antenna group and the second antenna group are both electrically connected to a base; each antenna group comprises a radiator, a support member for carrying the radiator, a feed board electrically connected to the radiator, and a choke apparatus; and the antennas in the second antenna group share a second radiator and share a first radiator of the first antenna group. The antennas in the second antenna group share the second radiator, and the second antenna group shares the first radiator of the first antenna group, and thus the size of the composite antenna can be reduced, thereby realizing miniaturization of the composite antenna. By means of the choke apparatus, mutual interference between adjacent antennas is reduced; and the antennas are integrated into the composite antenna, thereby realizing multi-functionalization of the composite antenna.

Description

A composite antenna Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a composite antenna. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of wireless communication technology and communication equipment, communication needs need to meet the communication needs of multiple frequency bands and multifunctional needs.

[0003] At present, due to the shortcomings of antennas such as singleness, few functions and large size, if the needs of multifunctional wireless communication are to be met, multiple sets of antennas are required, which will result in the antennas occupying a larger space.

[0004] In summary, how to miniaturize the antenna while making it multifunctional is an urgent problem to be solved.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] An embodiment of the present invention provides a composite antenna to solve the problem in the prior art that the antenna occupies a large space due to multiple antennas realizing multifunctional wireless communication.

[0007] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a composite antenna, comprising: a plurality of antennas stacked from top to bottom in order from low to high operating frequencies of the antennas; the plurality of antennas comprising a first antenna group located at the top and a second antenna group located at the bottom; the first antenna group and the second antenna group are electrically connected to a base, respectively; each antenna group comprises a radiator, a support member carrying the radiator, a feed plate electrically connected to the radiator, and a choke device; the antennas in the second antenna group share a second radiator and share the first radiator of the first antenna group.

[0008] In this technical solution, by sharing the second radiator with each antenna in the second antenna group, and by sharing the first radiator of the first antenna group, the size of the composite antenna can be reduced, thereby achieving miniaturization of the composite antenna. A choke device reduces mutual interference between adjacent antennas, and by integrating the antennas into the composite antenna, the composite antenna achieves multifunctionality.

[0009] Optionally, the first antenna group includes a Tiantong antenna and a data transmission antenna; the second antenna group includes an AIS antenna and a VHF / UHF antenna.

[0010] Optionally, the Tiantong antenna is located at the top of the composite antenna; the support member of the Tiantong antenna is a cone; the radiator of the Tiantong antenna is a plurality of spiral radiating arms; the choke device of the Tiantong antenna is arranged at the lower end of the feed plate of the Tiantong antenna.

[0011] In the above technical solution, the Tiantong antenna is located at the top of the composite antenna, achieving excellent radiation performance. The choke device not only supports the Tiantong antenna but also reduces interference between the Tiantong antenna and the data transmission antenna. By configuring the Tiantong antenna's radiator with multiple helical radiating arms, the Tiantong antenna achieves high gain and good axial ratio.

[0012] Optionally, the data transmission antenna adopts radiating arms arranged crosswise in an array form and each radiating arm adopts a parallel feeding mode, and a corresponding choke device is provided at the lower end of the data transmission antenna.

[0013] In the above technical solution, the data transmission antenna uses an array of cross-arranged radiating arms, each of which is fed in parallel. This results in better performance, a wider bandwidth, and a more stable antenna structure. The choke device is used to reduce the impact on other antennas.

[0014] Optionally, each radiating arm of the data transmission antenna includes a first upper radiating arm, a first lower radiating arm, a second lower radiating arm and a second upper radiating arm arranged in sequence from top to bottom; a choke sleeve is arranged between the first lower radiating arm and the second lower radiating arm.

[0015] Optionally, the support member shared by the AIS antenna and the VHF / UHF antenna is a column; the second radiator shared by the AIS antenna and the VHF / UHF antenna is evenly wound on the column; the feeder lines of the Tiantong antenna and the data transmission antenna pass through the column and are electrically connected to the base.

[0016] Optionally, it also includes a Beidou-1-line antenna arranged between the first antenna group and the second antenna group; the Beidou-1-line antenna adopts a low-profile microstrip antenna; the Beidou-1-line antenna includes a third radiator with a multiple laminated structure; wherein, multiple raised square patches are evenly distributed on the edge of the third radiator.

[0017] Optionally, an active circuit is provided on a side of the feeding board of the Beidou-One-Line Antenna close to the second antenna group; the second radiator is connected to the feeding board of the Beidou-One-Line Antenna.

[0018] Optionally, it also includes a 5G antenna arranged on the base; the third upper radiation arm of the 5G antenna includes at least one slot; and the third lower radiation arm is embedded in the slot.

[0019] Optionally, a WIFI antenna is further included and arranged on the base in parallel and cross-wise relation with the 5G antenna; the WIFI module is in the form of a short-circuit branch. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0021] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a composite antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a Tiantong antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a data transmission antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of an AIS antenna and a VHF / UHF antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of a 5G antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a RISC-V AND instruction structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] FIG7 is a schematic structural diagram of a WIFI antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of a composite antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the embodiments described herein are merely some, rather than all, of the present invention. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are intended to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a composite antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. Composite antenna 100 comprises: multiple antennas stacked from top to bottom in ascending order of operating frequency; the multiple antennas include a first antenna group 110 located at the top and a second antenna group 120 located at the bottom; the first antenna group 110 and the second antenna group 120 are electrically connected to a base 130, respectively; each antenna group includes a radiator, a support member supporting the radiator, a feed plate electrically connected to the radiator, and a choke device; it should be noted that the structure of each antenna group is not shown in Figure 1. The antennas in the second antenna group 120 share a second radiator and the first radiator of the first antenna group 110.

[0031] In this embodiment of the present invention, by sharing the second radiator among the antennas in the second antenna group 120, and by sharing the first radiator of the first antenna group 110, the size of the composite antenna 100 can be reduced, thereby miniaturizing the composite antenna 100. A choke device is used to reduce mutual interference between adjacent antennas, and by integrating the antennas into the composite antenna 100, the composite antenna 100 can be multifunctional.

[0032] To better explain this solution, the following describes the first antenna group located at the top and the second antenna group located at the bottom of the composite antenna. First, the first antenna group includes the Tiantong antenna and the data transmission antenna from top to bottom.

[0033] As shown in Figure 2, a schematic diagram of the structure of a Tiantong antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown. The Tiantong antenna 200 includes a support 210, a radiator 220, a choke device 230, a feed plate 240, and a feed point 250. Since the Tiantong antenna is a circularly polarized antenna and is located at the top of the composite antenna, the Tiantong antenna can achieve a better radiation effect. The support 210 of the Tiantong antenna 200 is a cone, and the radiator 220 of the Tiantong antenna 200 is a plurality of spiral radiator arms, wherein the plurality of spiral radiator arms are 201, 202, 203, and 204, wherein the amplitudes of 201, 202, 203, and 204 are consistent, and the phase difference between two adjacent spiral radiator arms is 90 degrees. The plurality of spiral radiator arms are arranged on the support 210, so that the Tiantong antenna can achieve a high-gain axis. The material of the support 210 can be polyester film or other materials, which are not limited here. The feed plate 230 is connected to the support member 210, wherein the connection method can be that the support member 210 is welded to the feed plate 230, or other connection methods can be used, which are not limited here. A phase shifter is welded on the feed plate 230, which is not shown in Figure 2. The choke device 240 is arranged at the lower end of the feed plate 230 of the Tiantong antenna. The material of the choke device 240 can be metal or other materials, which are not limited here. The choke device 240 not only supports the Tiantong antenna, but also reduces the problem of mutual interference between the Tiantong antenna and the digital transmission antenna.

[0034] As shown in Figure 3, a schematic diagram of the structure of a data transmission antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown. The data transmission antenna 300 includes a choke sleeve 310, a metal tube 320, a choke device 330, and, arranged from top to bottom, a first upper radiating arm 340, a first lower radiating arm 350, a second lower radiating arm 360, a second upper radiating arm 370, and a feed point 380. The data transmission antenna employs an array of cross-arranged radiating arms, each of which utilizes a parallel feed method, thereby achieving better performance, a wider bandwidth, and a more stable antenna structure. The choke sleeve 310 is located between the first lower radiating arm 350 and the second lower radiating arm 360, and serves to reduce the mutual influence between the radiating arms. The metal tube 320 can be made of copper, aluminum, or other metal materials, without limitation. The metal tube 320 serves to pass the feed lines of the Tiantong antenna and the data transmission antenna and to reduce the impact of the feed lines on the data transmission antenna itself. The function of the choke device 330 is to reduce the influence on other antennas, wherein 330 is not shown in FIG. 3 .

[0035] The second antenna group is introduced below, wherein the second antenna group includes an AIS antenna and a VHF / UHF antenna.

[0036] Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of an AIS antenna and a VHF / UHF antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The AIS antenna 400 includes a feed plate 410, a second radiator 420, and a support member 430. The second radiator 420 and support member 430 are shared by the AIS antenna 400 and the VHF / UHF antenna 500. The VHF / UHF antenna 500 includes a feed plate 510, a second radiator 420, and a support member 430. A choke device 520 is located between the feed plate 410 and the feed plate 510. Both the AIS antenna and the VHF / UHF antenna utilize monopole loading, coupling and sharing a first radiator and a second radiator to reduce the size of the composite antenna. The first radiator includes a radiator 220, a first upper radiating arm 340, a first lower radiating arm 350, a second lower radiating arm 360, and a second upper radiating arm 370. The structure of the first radiator can be seen in Figure 3. The support member 430, shared by the AIS antenna 400 and the VHF / UHF antenna 500, is a cylindrical structure. The material of the support member 430 can be polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or other materials, which are not limited here. The second radiator 420, shared by the AIS antenna 400 and the VHF / UHF antenna 500, is evenly wound around the cylindrical structure 430, extending the radiation length and thereby improving radiation gain. The choke device 520 chokes current, stabilizing the performance of the AIS and VHF / UHF antennas. The feed lines of the Tiantong antenna and the data transmission antenna pass through the cylindrical structure 430 and are electrically connected to the base.

[0037] The composite antenna also includes a BeiDou-One-Line antenna. The following introduces the BeiDou-One-Line antenna arranged between the first antenna group and the second antenna group.

[0038] Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a BeiDou-XianTong antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention. BeiDou-XianTong antenna 600 includes a third radiator 610 with a multiple-layer structure, a feed board 620, an active circuit 630 (not shown in Figure 5), an antenna passive board 640, screw holes 650, a feed point 660, a feed line hole 670, and a radome 680 (not shown in Figure 5). Antenna passive board 640 includes 641, 642, and 643. The BeiDou-XianTong antenna utilizes a low-profile microstrip antenna, resulting in good gain at low elevation angles, a simple structure, low cost, and light weight. BeiDou-XianTong antenna 600 utilizes a four-point uniformly symmetrical feeding scheme, with signals at phases of 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270°, respectively, to ensure phase center stability and right-handed circularly polarized waves. BeiDou-XianTong antenna 600 includes a third radiator 610 with multiple-layer structure. The frequency bands from bottom to top are B2b / B3, B1, L, and S. By evenly arranging multiple raised square patches on the edge of the third radiator 610, the efficiency, lobe, and bandwidth of the BeiDou-XianTong antenna are improved, and the antenna axial ratio of the BeiDou-XianTong antenna is also improved. The feed hole 670 is used to pass the feed lines of the TianTong antenna and the data transmission antenna. The radome 680 is located above the antenna passive board 640. The function of the radome 680 is to support the TianTong antenna and the data transmission antenna. An active circuit 630 is provided on the side of the BeiDou-XianTong antenna's feed board 620 close to the second antenna group. Its function is to use the BeiDou-XianTong antenna as an active antenna. The second radiator 420 is connected to the BeiDou-XianTong antenna's feed board 620. Its function is to achieve top loading for the AIS antenna and VHF / UHF antenna.

[0039] The composite antenna also includes a 5G antenna, wherein the 5G antenna is arranged on the base.

[0040] As shown in Figure 6, a schematic diagram of the structure of a 5G antenna is provided for an embodiment of the present invention. The 5G antenna 700 includes a dielectric plate 710, a third upper radiating arm 720, a third lower radiating arm 730, and a feeding point 740. The 5G antenna adopts the form of unsealed loading of a microstrip plate, which can reduce the size of the composite antenna and thus miniaturize the composite antenna. The material of the dielectric plate 710 can be Fr-4, f4bm, or other materials, which are not limited here. The third upper radiating arm 720 of the 5G antenna includes at least one slot, thereby increasing the length of the radiation. The third lower radiating arm 730 is embedded in the slot.

[0041] Figure 7 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a Wi-Fi antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The Wi-Fi antenna and the 5G antenna are arranged side by side and crosswise on a base. Wi-Fi antenna 800 includes a dielectric plate 810, a fourth radiating arm 820, a feed point 830, and a short-circuit stub 840. The Wi-Fi antenna utilizes a short-circuit stub, which reduces the size of the Wi-Fi antenna, thereby miniaturizing the composite antenna.

[0042] Figure 8 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a composite antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The composite antenna includes multiple antennas stacked from top to bottom in ascending order of operating frequency: a Tiantong antenna 200, a digital transmission antenna 300, a BeiDou One-Line antenna 600, an AIS antenna 400, a VHF / UHF antenna 500, a 5G antenna 700, and a WiFi antenna 800.

[0043] Optionally, the composite antenna further includes a waterproof and breathable valve, the function of which is to ensure good sealing performance of the composite antenna as a whole.

[0044] Optionally, the composite antenna further includes a connector for establishing a radio frequency connection with a host module of the composite antenna.

[0045] Optionally, the composite antenna further includes a nut, wherein the nut is used to be tightly connected to the host module of the composite antenna, thereby improving the stability of the entire composite antenna.

[0046] In an embodiment of the present invention, by integrating the seven antennas described above into a composite antenna, the composite antenna can achieve multi-mode communication. For example, it can implement Beidou short message communication, Beidou high-precision positioning, WiFi data transmission, Tiantong, AIS, VHF / UHF, and wireless communication data processing modes.

Claims

1. A composite antenna, characterized in that: include: Multiple antennas are stacked from top to bottom in order from low to high working frequencies of the antennas; The multiple antennas include a first antenna group located at the upper part and a second antenna group located at the lower part; the first antenna group and the second antenna group are electrically connected to the base respectively; Each antenna group includes a radiator, a support member carrying the radiator, a feed plate electrically connected to the radiator, and a choke device; The antennas in the second antenna group share a second radiator and a first radiator in the first antenna group.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that The first antenna group includes a Tiantong antenna and a data transmission antenna; the second antenna group includes an AIS antenna and a VHF / UHF antenna.

3. The antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that The Tiantong antenna is located at the top of the composite antenna; The support member of the Tiantong antenna is a cone; the radiator of the Tiantong antenna is a plurality of spiral radiating arms; the choke device of the Tiantong antenna is arranged at the lower end of the feed plate of the Tiantong antenna.

4. The antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that The data transmission antenna adopts radiating arms arranged crosswise in an array form and each radiating arm adopts a parallel feeding mode; A corresponding choke device is arranged at the lower end of the data transmission antenna.

5. The antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that Each radiating arm of the data transmission antenna includes a first upper radiating arm, a first lower radiating arm, a second lower radiating arm and a second upper radiating arm which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; A choke sleeve is arranged between the first lower radiating arm and the second lower radiating arm.

6. The antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that The supporting member shared by the AIS antenna and the VHF / UHF antenna is a column; the second radiator shared by the AIS antenna and the VHF / UHF antenna is evenly wound on the column; The feeder line of the sky antenna and the feeder line of the data transmission antenna pass through the column and are connected to the base Seat electrical connection.

7. The antenna according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that: Also included is a Beidou-One-Stop antenna arranged between the first antenna group and the second antenna group; The Beidou one-line antenna adopts a low-profile microstrip antenna; The Beidou-One-Stop antenna includes a third radiator with multiple stacked structures; wherein a plurality of raised square patches are evenly distributed on the edge of the third radiator.

8. The antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that An active circuit is provided on a side of the feeding board of the Beidou-One-Stop antenna close to the second antenna group; The second radiator is connected to the feeding board of the Beidou One-Stop antenna.

9. The antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that Also included is a 5G antenna disposed on the base; The third upper radiating arm of the 5G antenna includes at least one slot; the third lower radiating arm is embedded in the slot.

10. The antenna according to claim 9, characterized in that It also includes a WIFI antenna that is cross-arranged on the base side by side with the 5G antenna; The WIFI module is in the form of a short-circuit branch.

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