Closed type error-proofing system for SMT production line and operation method therefor

Abstract

Disclosed are a closed type error-proofing system for an SMT production line and an operation method therefor. The system comprises an error-proofing system APP, a background management system, a real-time production line monitoring system, an intelligent line-side warehouse system, a chip mounter intelligent self-locking system, a material splitting module, a bulk material module, a material label management system, and a central control system. The error-proofing system APP is running in Raspberry Pi; the central control system is installed on the Raspberry Pi; the Raspberry Pi is separately connected to an alarm and a power supply; and the background management system, the real-time production line monitoring system, the intelligent line-side warehouse system, the chip mounter intelligent self-locking system, the material splitting module, the bulk material module, and the material label management system are separately connected to the central control system. According to the present invention, the chip mounter intelligent self-locking system of the intelligent closed type error-proofing system for an SMT production line is used to be bound with a tray on a FEEDER and is connected to the intelligent line-side warehouse system, thereby effectively eliminating the hidden dangers of wrong station scanning, wrong material taking, wrong material collection, and wrong material replacement caused by operators not understanding the processes or not following the regulations.

Description

A closed type error-proofing system for an SMT production line and its operation method Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of SMT patch technology, in particular to a closed type error-proofing system for an SMT patch production line and an operating method thereof. Background Art

[0002] SMT, short for Surface Mount Technology, is currently the most commonly used and mature assembly technology and process in the electronics assembly industry. SMT uses placement machines, according to a pre-programmed procedure, to place various electronic components of varying models and specifications onto PCBs (printed circuit boards). Key steps in the SMT production process include raw material warehousing and shipment, production line entry, material replenishment, material connection, material replacement, and material return. Due to the numerous production steps and the wide variety of material specifications, even though SMT production lines are staffed with IPQC (quality control) personnel to conduct regular spot checks and full inspections throughout the entire production process, errors are inevitable. These errors can impact the entire production process, including material delivery, loading, material replacement, material sorting, loose (or tail) material management, record keeping, customer traceability, and operational process irregularities. Furthermore, this series of redundant verification, inspection, and logging tasks increases labor time and intensity.

[0003] In response to these challenges, many companies, both domestically and internationally, have been committed to technological development and breakthroughs, achieving remarkable results. They have developed a series of highly practical error-proofing products that effectively reduce the frequency of errors, streamline operational processes and labor intensity, and replace operator workloads with intelligent software and hardware. For example, patents with national publication numbers CN103049770A, CN104570891A, CN106061132A, and CN109819645.A enable automated inspection of the normal production process, from warehouse discharge to finished product shipment. By leveraging barcodes for materials, feeders (SMT feeders), and machine positions, and leveraging intelligent software throughout each production link, production line efficiency and quality are significantly improved, while error rates are reduced. However, these patented products cannot completely prevent material errors. The main reasons are blind spots in monitoring at several stages: First, the closely spaced machine stations make it easy to scan the wrong station when scanning barcodes; second, even if the correct station is scanned, the closely packed feeders, one next to the other, can easily lead to the wrong tray being picked up; third, similarly tightly packed lineside storage locations are prone to errors; fourth, a single barcode scanner controls the entire process, but if operators don't understand the procedures or follow the rules, material errors are still unavoidable; fifth, inadequate and inadequate management of material sorting and bulk (or tail) materials can easily lead to errors. Material errors on SMT production lines are a serious liability, negatively impacting normal production. When material errors occur, workers are unable to detect and mitigate them promptly, leading to even greater losses from batch errors.

[0004] Based on the above reasons, the present invention provides a closed type error-proofing system for an SMT production line and an operating method thereof. Technical issues

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a closed error-proofing system for an SMT production line and an operating method thereof. The intelligent self-locking system of the placement machine of the SMT production line intelligent closed error-proofing system is used to bind the material tray on the FEEDER and connect it with the intelligent line-side warehouse system, effectively eliminating the hidden dangers of operators who do not understand the process or do not operate according to regulations and scan the wrong position and take the wrong material. At the same time, the material separation module and the bulk material module further standardize the process and can avoid the occurrence of errors.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, on the one hand, the present invention provides a closed-type error-proofing system for an SMT production line, including software and hardware. The software includes an error-proofing system APP, a background management system, a real-time monitoring system for the production line, an intelligent line-side bin system, an intelligent self-locking system for a placement machine, a material splitting module, a bulk material module, a material label management system, and a central control system. The hardware includes a board feed sensor, an alarm light, a display, a scanner, a barcode printer, an intelligent shelf, an intelligent line-side bin, a placement machine, an intelligent self-locking mechanism for the placement machine, and a feeder.

[0007] The error-proofing system APP and central control system are both installed on the Raspberry Pi, which is connected to the alarm and power supply respectively. The background management system, production line real-time monitoring system, intelligent line-side warehouse system, placement machine intelligent self-locking system, material splitting module, bulk material module, and material label management system are respectively connected to the central control system; the central control system realizes error-proofing of the entire SMT production process by controlling the various software systems connected to it, and then controlling the hardware connected to each software system.

[0008] The error-proofing system APP is used to store material plans and check whether the material and station information match, and then ensure that the material is fed strictly according to the material plan by controlling the release and self-locking of the intelligent self-locking mechanism of the placement machine, so as to realize the error-proofing of the material; the background management system is used to realize personnel management, work order management, material management, quality management and basic data management; the production line real-time monitoring system is used to collect production data, automatically report the station that needs to be replenished and issue signal instructions; the intelligent line-side warehouse system is used to receive outbound instructions and perform barcode verification, real-time monitoring of sensors, storage position light control, and lock position control operations, so as to realize the outbound or transfer of materials; the intelligent self-locking system of the placement machine is used to identify the required material when receiving and changing materials. The system can automatically lock the material tray when an error occurs; the material splitting module is used to split the material; the bulk material module is used to standardize the material use process when the production line generates materials that need to be cleared in time; the material label management system is used to convert the original material barcode into the internal barcode of the SMT production line according to the material standard example table uploaded by the warehouse operator, and print the converted internal barcode and stick it on the original barcode; the central control system is used to collect and store the discharge and remaining material data of the production line and the material location information, and control the self-locking system of the placement machine when the data or material position is abnormal, and start the alarm light at the same time.

[0009] The intelligent line-side warehouse system is composed of one or more intelligent shelves placed next to the SMT production line. The intelligent shelves include QR code lighted shelves, induction type intelligent shelves, intelligent self-locking shelves and intelligent tower warehouses. It has signal access and output functions, can prompt material storage locations, and can bind materials to storage locations. When an operation error occurs, it can issue an alarm in time. Shelves and warehouses with intelligent error prevention functions can be called intelligent shelves; the QR code lighted shelves are SMT material storage racks that are guided by light and connected to the supporting software system. They can store more than one thousand trays of materials at a time. Each material storage location corresponds to a QR code for binding storage location information. At the same time, each storage location is also equipped with a set of signal indicator lights for waiting, error and normal, which are used to prompt the operator of the storage location status; the induction type intelligent shelf is an upgraded version of the QR code lighted shelf. Each material storage location is equipped with an independent sensor that can automatically record storage location information. It has material positioning, first-in-first-out, LED Bin management, full-time material monitoring, authority management, wrong material alarm and power-off memory functions; the intelligent self-locking shelf includes a shelf, a first material box, a first material tray and a first electronic lock, the shelf is composed of a top plate, a bottom plate, a support plate and a partition, the support plate is supported between the top plate and the bottom plate, a number of partitions are arranged at equal intervals between the top plate and the bottom plate, a hinge seat is provided in the middle of the partition, the first material box is a fan-shaped structure, the outer end face of the first material box is perpendicular to the inner end face, an indicator light is provided on the top of the outer end of the first material box, the indicator light is electrically connected to the first electronic lock and the central control system respectively, the bottom of the outer end of the first material box is hinged to the hinge seat by a pin shaft, and the top of the first material box is provided with a tray slot for inserting the first material tray, An extension block is provided at the top of the inner end of the first material box, and a lock hole is provided on the outer wall of the extension block. The first electronic lock is fixed on the outer wall of the support plate, and a lock slot for inserting the extension block is provided on the first electronic lock. When the first electronic lock is locked with the lock hole, the distance between the outer end of the first material box and the upper partition is smaller than the outer diameter of the first material tray. When the outer end of the first material box is rotated to contact the lower partition, the distance between the outer end of the first material box and the upper partition is larger than the outer diameter of the first material tray. After the first material tray is inserted into the material box slot at the top of the first material box, it is locked with the first electronic lock through the lock hole inside the first material box, so that the distance between the outer end of the first material box and the upper partition is smaller than the outer diameter of the first material tray, thereby locking the first material tray and preventing it from entering or exiting.

[0010] There are two main types of intelligent self-locking mechanisms for placement machines: one is a baffle-type self-locking device that is installed on the feeder table of the placement machine and corresponds to the feeder one-to-one, and can lock the feeder and the material on the feeder; the other is a warehouse-type self-locking device that is similar to an intelligent self-locking shelf and is fixed on the feeder table of the placement machine and corresponds to the feeder station one-to-one;

[0011] The baffle-type intelligent self-locking mechanism of the placement machine, its material box plate includes a horizontal plate and a longitudinal plate, the bottom of the horizontal plate is fixed to the top of the loading platform base, and a cavity for the material box handle to be inserted is formed between the two adjacent horizontal plates, and the top of the horizontal plate is provided with a longitudinal plate integrally formed with the horizontal plate, and the two adjacent longitudinal plates are connected by the height limiting plate; the right end of the material box handle is provided with a handle part, the bottom of the handle part is provided with an arc-shaped groove, and the end of the handle part is a semicircular structure, and the two sides of the middle part of the material box handle are connected with limiting plates by bolts, and a semicircular groove for the second material tray to be inserted is formed between the two adjacent limiting plates. The baffle-type intelligent self-locking mechanism of the placement machine can lock the material in the event of material error by adding a limiting plate.

[0012] The intelligent self-locking mechanism of the warehouse-type placement machine includes a loading platform base, a second material box and a material box handle. The second material box is arranged on the top of the loading platform base. The second material box includes a plurality of material box plates and a height-limiting plate. A cavity for inserting the material box handle is formed between two adjacent material box plates. The height-limiting plate is connected between the tops of two adjacent material box plates. The material box handle is a semicircular structure. A semicircular groove for inserting the second material tray is provided in the middle of the material box handle. The lower ends of the outer walls of both sides of the material box handle are hinged to the adjacent material box plates. The left end of the material box handle is provided with a The lock hole is locked by the second electronic lock. When the lock hole and the second electronic lock are locked, the distance between the right end of the material box handle and the height limit plate is smaller than the outer diameter of the second material tray. When the right end of the material box handle is rotated clockwise until it contacts the top of the loading platform base, the distance between the right end of the material box handle and the height limit plate is larger than the outer diameter of the second material tray. After the second material tray is used up, the central control system controls the second electronic lock to open, and the user rotates the material box handle corresponding to the second material tray clockwise to take out the second material tray to avoid wrong materials.

[0013] On the other hand, the present invention also provides an operating method of the closed-type error-proofing system of the SMT production line. The error-proofing system can be implemented in a fully automated AGV+manipulator state or in a manually operated state, and specifically includes the following steps:

[0014] Step S1: Before production begins, the material label management system scans the original material barcode using a scanner based on the bill of materials uploaded by the warehouse operator, and automatically converts it into the internal barcode of the SMT production line. The converted internal barcode is then printed out using a barcode printer and affixed to the original barcode of the material.

[0015] Step S2: The material transfer vehicle places the barcoded materials in the corresponding storage locations according to the instructions of the central control system, and enters the material entry time and storage location information into the central control system. The administrator uploads the station location table to the backend management system based on the material list;

[0016] Step S3: The backend management system sends a delivery instruction to the intelligent line-side warehouse system. The intelligent line-side warehouse system receives the delivery instruction and verifies the barcode of the material. After the verification is correct, the robot arm grabs the material from the shelf and places it on the transfer vehicle. The transfer vehicle then transports the material to the designated location of the SMT production line.

[0017] Step S4: Production starts. The SMT production line operator checks the bill of materials and confirms that all required materials have been delivered to the designated location. The operator then performs the loading operation and determines whether the loading operation is correct based on the current position of the material and the corresponding material number. If correct, the operator installs the feeder to the designated position of the placement machine and executes step S5; otherwise, the loading operation is performed again.

[0018] Step S5: After all machines have finished loading materials, the SMT production line starts production. During the production process, the operator scans the remaining materials of each machine one by one and sends a storage instruction to the intelligent line warehouse system through the background management system. The intelligent line warehouse system receives the storage instruction and stores the materials in the designated location of the intelligent line warehouse after verifying the barcode of the materials.

[0019] Step S6: The real-time monitoring system of the production line connects to the board feed sensor based on the port of the placement machine to collect production data. When the real-time monitoring system of the production line detects that one or more machines need to be refilled, the system automatically reports the station where refilling is required and sends a signal instruction. The operator checks the interface information prompt of the Raspberry Pi and selects the refilling station. The intelligent line-side warehouse system sends a command to the line-side warehouse signal light to light up, or the intelligent self-locking line-side warehouse automatically unlocks;

[0020] Step S7, the operator extracts materials from the intelligent line-side warehouse according to the intelligent line-side warehouse storage position signal, and the intelligent line-side warehouse system transmits information to the intelligent self-locking system of the placement machine. The intelligent self-locking system of the placement machine unlocks the FEEDER material tray at the feeding station and performs the feeding operation. If the operator takes the wrong material, the intelligent self-locking system of the placement machine cannot unlock the FEEDER material tray at the feeding station, and the feeding operation cannot be performed.

[0021] Furthermore, in step S3, the robot is controlled to grab materials from the shelf and place them on the transfer vehicle. The transfer vehicle then transports the materials to the designated location of the SMT production line. When the same material is distributed to two or more machines and the number of trays is insufficient, the material is split by the material splitting module. The specific steps are as follows:

[0022] Step S31: When the same material is distributed to two or more machines and the number of trays is insufficient, the operator enters the operator ID, material storage location, and number of trays to the material splitting module;

[0023] Step S32: The material splitting module retrieves a corresponding number of empty trays based on the material storage location and the number of trays, and the operator clears the original barcodes of the retrieved trays;

[0024] Step S33: The barcode printer prints a barcode corresponding to the number of material trays according to the material storage location information and the number of material trays, and affixes it to the prepared empty material tray;

[0025] Step S34: The intelligent line-side warehouse system takes out the material, and the operator splits the material. After verifying that the barcode information of the material and the tray is correct, the split material is rolled up in the tray with the barcode, and after scanning the barcode, it is placed in the intelligent line-side warehouse and waits for the intelligent line-side warehouse system to transfer it.

[0026] Furthermore, when it is confirmed in step S4 that all the required materials have been delivered to the designated location, the loading operation is performed, and the loading operation is judged to be correct based on the current position of the placement machine and the material number corresponding to the tray. If correct, the operator installs the feeder FEEDER to the designated position of the placement machine. The specific process is as follows:

[0027] Step S41: First, install the intelligent self-locking mechanism of the placement machine to the loading platform of the placement machine, and clear all debris in the intelligent self-locking mechanism of the placement machine, and insert the loading box in the intelligent self-locking mechanism of the placement machine into the corresponding position according to the station table;

[0028] Step S42: Use a scanner to scan the barcode on the placement machine to obtain the station position, scan the barcode on the material tray to obtain the material number, and judge whether the loading operation is correct based on the station position on the station table and the material number corresponding to the material tray. The operator then loads the material into the feeder;

[0029] Step S43: Scan the barcode of the material loaded into the feeder. When the loading box at the station is in the merged state, the loading box pops open. The operator installs the feeder to the designated position of the placement machine according to the signal light prompt of the intelligent self-locking mechanism of the placement machine.

[0030] Step S44, insert the material into the material box of the intelligent self-locking mechanism of the placement machine and close the material box. When it is placed in the wrong position, the material box cannot be closed, the signal light of the intelligent self-locking mechanism of the placement machine lights up, and a voice broadcast of the loading error is given. When the position is correct, a voice broadcast of the loading is correct is given, and the loading operation is completed.

[0031] Furthermore, in step S6, when the real-time monitoring system of the production line detects that one or more machines need to be refilled, the operator sends a delivery instruction to the intelligent line warehouse through the background management system. The specific process is as follows:

[0032] Step S61: The real-time monitoring system of the production line collects production data based on the board feed sensor connected to the port of the placement machine, and sends a signal instruction when it detects that one or more machines need to be refilled. The operator checks the interface information prompt of the Raspberry Pi, selects the refill station through the background management system, and sends the outbound instruction to the intelligent line side warehouse;

[0033] Step S62: The intelligent line-side warehouse system receives the outbound instruction and verifies the material barcode. After the verification is correct, the robot arm is controlled to grab the material from the shelf and place it on the transfer vehicle. The transfer vehicle then transports the material to the designated location of the SMT production line.

[0034] Step S63: When the production line generates materials that need to be cleared and used in a timely manner, and when the smart line warehouse detects that the material inventory on the smart shelf is insufficient, the bulk material module is used to retrieve the materials for use.

[0035] Furthermore, in step S63, the bulk material is retrieved and used through the bulk material module, and the specific process is as follows:

[0036] Step S631: If the tail material has a tray, scan the tray barcode and store it in the intelligent line side warehouse;

[0037] Step S632: If there is no tray for the tailings, the operator needs to test the resistance and capacitance values. After verification by IPQC, a handwritten label is written. After confirmation by the supervisor, the supervisor enters the bulk material module in the Raspberry Pi operation interface and enters the storage location, quantity, operator ID, and IPQC ID information of the tailings in the smart line bin. The bulk material module sends a command to the label printer to print a new label. The operator sticks the label on the empty tray and rolls the tailings into the tray.

[0038] Step S633: Re-scan the material tray with the tailings and store it in the smart line-side warehouse.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0040] 1. The present invention realizes fully enclosed error-proofing management of the SMT production process through procedures such as system control of equipment → equipment error-proofing to guide operators → equipment action completion information feedback to the system. This human-machine interaction with system and equipment as the leading factor and software and hardware error-proofing can effectively achieve organic coordination between humans and machines, ensuring that there will be 100% no error in the SMT production process.

[0041] 2. The present invention utilizes the intelligent self-locking system of the placement machine of the intelligent closed anti-error material system of the SMT production line to bind the material tray on the FEEDER and connects it with the intelligent line-side warehouse system, effectively eliminating the hidden dangers of operators not understanding the process or not following the regulations and scanning the wrong position and taking the wrong material. At the same time, the material separation module and the bulk (tail) material module further standardize the process and can avoid the occurrence of errors.

[0042] [Corrected 20.02.2024 according to Rule 91] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the central control system of a closed-type error-proofing system for an SMT production line according to the present invention;

[0043] [Corrected 20.02.2024 according to Rule 91] FIG2 is a logical architecture diagram of the error-proofing function of a closed error-proofing system for an SMT production line according to the present invention;

[0044] [Corrected 20.02.2024 according to Rule 91] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the workshop layout of a closed-type error-proofing system for an SMT production line according to the present invention.

[0045] [Corrected 20.02.2024 according to Rule 91] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the working process of a closed-type error-proofing system for an SMT production line according to the present invention;

[0046] [Corrected 20.02.2024 according to Rule 91] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the intelligent self-locking shelf of the present invention;

[0047] [Corrected 20.02.2024 in accordance with Rule 91] Figure 6 is a partial enlarged view of the smart self-locking shelf in Figure 5;

[0048] [Corrected 20.02.2024 in accordance with Rule 91] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the intelligent self-locking mechanism of the warehouse-type placement machine of the present invention;

[0049] [Corrected 20.02.2024 in accordance with Rule 91] Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of the intelligent self-locking mechanism of the warehouse-type placement machine of the present invention;

[0050] [Corrected 20.02.2024 in accordance with Rule 91] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the intelligent self-locking mechanism of the baffle-type placement machine of the present invention;

[0051] [Corrected 20.02.2024 in accordance with Rule 91] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the intelligent self-locking mechanism of the baffle-type placement machine of the present invention;

[0052] [Corrected 20.02.2024 according to Rule 91] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the intelligent self-locking mechanism of the hanging tray type placement machine of the present invention (front view);

[0053] [Corrected 20.02.2024 according to Rule 91] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the intelligent self-locking mechanism of the hanging plate type placement machine of the present invention (reverse side)

[0054] [Corrected 20.02.2024 in accordance with Rule 91] FIG13 is a flow chart of an operating method of a closed-type error-proofing system for an SMT production line according to the present invention;

[0055] [Corrected 20.02.2024 in accordance with Rule 91] Figure 14 is a flow chart of material splitting in the error-proofing system of the present invention;

[0056] [Corrected 20.02.2024 in accordance with Rule 91] Figure 15 is a flow chart of the loading operation of the error-proofing system of the present invention;

[0057] [Corrected 20.02.2024 according to Rule 91] Figure 16 is a flow chart of the feeding operation of the error-proofing system of the present invention;

[0058] [Corrected 20.02.2024 according to Rule 91] Figure 17 is a flow chart of the feeding operation using materials in the error-proofing system of the present invention.

[0059] [Corrected 20.02.2024 according to Rule 91] In the figure: 101, shelf; 102, first material box; 103, first material tray; 104, first electronic lock; 105, hinged seat; 106, pin; 108, caster; 111, top plate; 112, bottom plate; 113, support plate; 114, partition; 121, extension block; 122, indicator light; 201, loading platform base; 202, second material box; 203, material box handle; 205, second material tray; 206, second electronic lock; 211, horizontal plate; 212, longitudinal plate; 221, material box plate; 222, height limit plate; 231, semicircular groove; 232, lock hole; 233 handle; 234, arc groove; 235, limit plate.

Claims

1. A closed type error-proofing system for SMT production line, including software and hardware, characterized in that: The software includes an anti-error material system APP, a background management system, a production line real-time monitoring system, an intelligent line side warehouse system, a placement machine intelligent self-locking system, a material splitting module, a bulk material module, a material label management system and a central control system; the hardware includes a plate passing sensor, an alarm light, a display, a scanner, a barcode printer, an intelligent shelf, an intelligent line side warehouse, a placement machine, a placement machine intelligent self-locking mechanism and a feeder FEEDER; The error-proofing system APP and central control system are both installed on the Raspberry Pi, which is connected to an alarm and a power supply respectively. The background management system, production line real-time monitoring system, intelligent line side warehouse system, placement machine intelligent self-locking system, material splitting module, bulk material module, and material label management system are connected to the central control system respectively; the central control system realizes error-proofing of the entire SMT production process by controlling the software systems connected to it, and then controlling the hardware connected to the software systems.

2. A closed type error-proofing system for an SMT production line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The error-proofing system APP is used to store material plans and check whether the material and station information match, and then ensure that the material is fed strictly according to the material plan by controlling the release and self-locking of the intelligent self-locking mechanism of the placement machine, so as to realize the error-proofing of the material; the background management system is used to realize personnel management, work order management, material management, quality management and basic data management; the production line real-time monitoring system is used to collect production data, automatically report the station that needs to be replenished and issue signal instructions; the intelligent line-side warehouse system is used to receive outbound instructions and perform barcode verification, real-time monitoring of sensors, storage position light control, and lock position control operations, so as to realize the outbound or transfer of materials; the intelligent self-locking system of the placement machine is used to identify the required The station that needs to receive the material change, distinguish whether the material is right or wrong, actively intervene in the operator's irregular operation process, prompt the line side warehouse to take the material storage position, and automatically lock the material tray when an error occurs; the material splitting module is used to split the material; the bulk material module is used to put the remaining materials into use when the material inventory is insufficient; the material label management system is used to convert the original material barcode into the internal barcode of the SMT production line according to the material standard example table uploaded by the warehouse operator, and print the converted internal barcode and stick it on the original barcode; the central control system is used to collect and store the production line's discharge, remaining material data and material location information, and control the placement machine's intelligent self-locking system to self-lock when the data or material position is abnormal, and start the alarm light at the same time.

3. The closed type error-proofing system for SMT production line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent self-locking shelf comprises a shelf, a first material box, a first material tray and a first electronic lock, the shelf consists of a top plate, a bottom plate, a support plate and a partition, the support plate is supported between the top plate and the bottom plate, a plurality of partitions are arranged at equal intervals between the top plate and the bottom plate, a hinge seat is arranged in the middle of the partition, the first material box is in a fan-shaped structure, the outer end face of the first material box is perpendicular to the inner end face, an indicator light is arranged on the top of the outer end of the first material box, the indicator light is electrically connected to the first electronic lock and the central control system respectively, the bottom of the outer end of the first material box is hinged to the hinge seat by a pin shaft, a material tray slot for inserting the first material tray is arranged on the top of the first material box, and an extension block is arranged on the top of the inner end of the first material box , a lock hole is provided on the outer wall of the extension block, the first electronic lock is fixed on the outer wall of the support plate, and a lock slot is provided on the first electronic lock for inserting the extension block. When the first electronic lock cooperates with the lock hole to be locked, the distance between the outer end of the first material box and the upper partition is smaller than the outer diameter of the first material tray. When the outer end of the first material box is rotated to contact the lower partition, the distance between the outer end of the first material box and the upper partition is larger than the outer diameter of the first material tray. When the first material tray is inserted into the material box slot at the top of the first material box, the lock hole inside the first material box cooperates with the first electronic lock to lock, so that the distance between the outer end of the first material box and the upper partition is smaller than the outer diameter of the first material tray, thereby locking the first material tray so that it cannot enter or exit.

4. The closed type error-proofing system for SMT production line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent self-locking mechanism of the placement machine includes a loading platform base, a second material box and a material box handle. The second material box is arranged on the top of the loading platform base. The second material box includes a plurality of material box plates and a height limiting plate. A cavity for inserting the material box handle is formed between two adjacent material box plates. The height limiting plate is connected between the tops of two adjacent material box plates. The material box handle has a semicircular structure. A semicircular groove for inserting the second material tray is provided in the middle of the material box handle. The lower ends of the outer walls on both sides of the material box handle are hinged to the adjacent material box plates. A lock hole is provided at the left end of the material box handle. , the lock hole is locked by the second electronic lock. When the lock hole and the second electronic lock are locked, the distance between the right end of the material box handle and the height limit plate is smaller than the outer diameter of the second material tray. When the right end of the material box handle is rotated clockwise until it contacts the top of the loading platform base, the distance between the right end of the material box handle and the height limit plate is larger than the outer diameter of the second material tray. After the second material tray is used, the central control system controls the second electronic lock to open, and the user rotates the material box handle corresponding to the second material tray clockwise to take out the second material tray to avoid wrong materials.

5. The closed type error-proofing system for SMT production line according to claim 4, characterized in that: The material box plate includes a transverse plate and a longitudinal plate, the bottom of the transverse plate is fixed to the top of the loading platform base, a cavity for the material box handle to be inserted is formed between two adjacent transverse plates, a longitudinal plate integrally formed with the transverse plate is provided on the top of the transverse plate, and the two adjacent longitudinal plates are connected by the height limiting plate; a handle part is provided at the right end of the material box handle, an arc-shaped groove is provided at the bottom of the handle part, the end of the handle part is a semicircular structure, and the limiting plates are connected on both sides of the middle part of the material box handle by bolts, and a semicircular groove for the second material tray to be inserted is formed between the two adjacent limiting plates.

6. An operating method of a closed type error-proofing system for an SMT production line as claimed in claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The error-proofing system can be implemented in a fully automated AGV+manipulator state or in a manually operated state, and specifically includes the following steps: Step S1, before production starts, the material label management system automatically converts the barcode of the original material into the internal barcode of the SMT production line after scanning the barcode of the original material with a scanner, and prints the converted internal barcode with a barcode printer and sticks it on the original barcode of the material; Step S2: The material transfer vehicle stores the barcoded materials in the corresponding storage locations according to the instructions of the central control system, and enters the storage time and storage location information of the materials into the central control system. The administrator uploads the station table to the background management system according to the material list; Step S3, the backend management system sends a delivery instruction to the intelligent line-side warehouse system, the intelligent line-side warehouse system receives the delivery instruction and verifies the barcode of the material, and after the verification is correct, controls the manipulator to grab the material from the shelf and put it on the transfer vehicle, and then the transfer vehicle transports the material to the designated location of the SMT production line; Step S4, production starts, the SMT production line operator checks the material list, confirms that all the required materials have been delivered to the designated location, performs the loading operation, and determines whether the loading operation is correct based on the current position of the material and the corresponding material number. If correct, the operator installs the feeder FEEDER to the designated position of the placement machine and executes step S5; otherwise, the loading operation is performed again; Step S5: After all machines have finished loading materials, the SMT production line starts production. During the production process, the operator scans the remaining materials of each machine one by one, and sends a storage instruction to the intelligent line warehouse system through the background management system. The intelligent line warehouse system receives the storage instruction and stores the materials in the designated position of the intelligent line warehouse after verifying the barcode of the materials. Step S6, the production line real-time monitoring system connects the board sensor according to the port of the placement machine to collect production data. When the production line real-time monitoring system detects that one or more machines need to be refilled, the system automatically reports the station where refilling is required and sends a signal instruction. The operator checks the interface information prompt of the Raspberry Pi and selects the refilling station. The intelligent line-side warehouse system sends a command to the line-side warehouse storage position signal light, which lights up as a prompt, or the intelligent self-locking line-side warehouse is automatically unlocked; Step S7, the operator extracts materials from the intelligent line-side warehouse according to the intelligent line-side warehouse storage position signal, the intelligent line-side warehouse system transmits information to the intelligent self-locking system of the placement machine, the intelligent self-locking system of the placement machine unlocks the FEEDER material tray of the replenishing station and performs the replenishing operation. If the operator takes the wrong material, the intelligent self-locking system of the placement machine cannot unlock the FEEDER material tray of the replenishing station, and the replenishing operation cannot be performed.

7. The method for operating the closed type error-proofing system of the SMT production line according to claim 6, characterized in that: Step S3 controls the manipulator to grab materials from the shelf and put them on the transfer vehicle, which then transports the materials to the designated location of the SMT production line. When the same material is distributed to two or more machines, the number of trays is insufficient, and the material is split through the material splitting module. The specific steps are as follows: Step S31, when the same material is distributed to two or more machines and the number of trays is insufficient, the operator inputs the operator ID, material storage location and number of trays to the material splitting module; Step S32: the material splitting module retrieves a corresponding number of empty trays according to the material storage location and the number of trays, and the operator clears the original barcodes of the retrieved trays; Step S33, the barcode printer prints the barcode of the corresponding number of material trays according to the material storage location information and the number of material trays, and sticks it on the prepared empty material tray; Step S34, the intelligent line-side warehouse system takes out the materials, and the operator splits the materials. After verifying the barcode information of the materials and the trays, the split materials are rolled up in the trays with barcodes respectively, and put into the intelligent line-side warehouse after scanning the barcodes, waiting for the intelligent line-side warehouse system to transfer them.

8. The method for operating the closed type error-proofing system of the SMT production line according to claim 6, characterized in that: When it is confirmed in step S4 that all the required materials have been delivered to the designated location, the loading operation is performed, and the loading operation is judged to be correct according to the current station position of the placement machine and the material number corresponding to the material tray. If correct, the operator installs the feeder FEEDER to the designated position of the placement machine. The specific process is as follows: Step S41, first install the intelligent self-locking mechanism of the placement machine to the loading platform of the placement machine, and clear all debris in the intelligent self-locking mechanism of the placement machine, and insert the loading box in the intelligent self-locking mechanism of the placement machine into the corresponding position according to the station table; Step S42, use a scanner to scan the barcode on the placement machine to get the station position, scan the barcode on the material tray to get the material number, judge whether the loading operation is correct according to the station position on the station table and the material number corresponding to the material tray, and the operator loads the material into the feeder FEEDER; Step S43, scan the barcode of the material loaded into the feeder FEEDER, and when the loading box of the station is in the merged state, the loading box pops open, and the operator installs the feeder FEEDER to the specified position of the placement machine according to the signal light prompt of the intelligent self-locking mechanism of the placement machine; Step S44, insert the material into the material box of the intelligent self-locking mechanism of the placement machine and close the material box. When it is placed in the wrong position, the material box cannot be closed, the signal light of the intelligent self-locking mechanism of the placement machine lights up, and a voice broadcast of material loading error is given. When the position is correct, a voice broadcast of material loading is correct, and the loading operation is completed.

9. The method for operating the closed type error-proofing system of the SMT production line according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S6, when the real-time monitoring system of the production line detects that one or more machines need to be refilled, the system automatically reports the station where refilling is required and sends a signal instruction. The specific process is as follows: Step S61, the real-time monitoring system of the production line collects production data according to the board sensor connected to the port of the placement machine, and sends a signal instruction when it detects that one or more machines need to be refilled. The operator checks the interface information prompt of the Raspberry Pi, selects the refilling station through the background management system, and sends a delivery instruction to the intelligent line side warehouse; Step S62, the intelligent line-side warehouse system receives the outbound instruction and verifies the material barcode, and after the verification is correct, controls the manipulator to grab the material from the shelf and put it on the transfer vehicle, and then the transfer vehicle transports the material to the designated location of the SMT production line; Step S63: When the smart line warehouse detects that the material inventory on the smart shelf is insufficient, the bulk material module is used to retrieve the material for use.

10. The method for operating the closed type error-proofing system of the SMT production line according to claim 9, characterized in that: The specific process of retrieving materials for use through the bulk material module in step S63 is as follows: Step S631: If the tail material has a tray, scan the tray barcode and store it in the intelligent line side warehouse; Step S632: If there is no tray for the tailings, the operator needs to test the resistance and capacitance values. After IPQC verifies that they are correct, a handwritten label is written. After confirmation by the supervisor, the supervisor enters the bulk material module in the Raspberry Pi operation interface and enters the storage location, quantity, operator ID, and IPQC ID information of the tailings in the smart line bin. The bulk material module sends a command to the label printer to print a new label. The operator sticks the label on the empty tray and rolls the tailings into the tray. Step S633: Re-scan the material tray with the tailings and store it in the smart line bin.

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