Battery swap system and coding method

Abstract

A battery swap system (100) and a coding method. The battery swap system (100) comprises: a master battery management system (110), the master battery management system (110) comprising N first voltage division modules (111) having different voltage division capabilities, a first end of each first voltage division module (111) being connected to a mounting slot position (120), and different first voltage division modules (111) being connected to different mounting slot positions (120); and N mounting slot positions (120), used for mounting battery packs, each mounting slot position (120) being used for mounting at least one battery pack, a slave battery management system (130) for each battery pack comprising a first control unit (131) and a first pull-up module (132), a first end of the first pull-up module (132) being connected to the first control unit (131), and a second end of the first pull-up module (132) being connected to a power supply. When a first battery pack is mounted to a first mounting slot position (121), a first end of one first voltage division module (111) connected to the first mounting slot position (121) is separately connected to a first end of a first pull-up module (132) in a first slave battery management system (133) and a first control unit (131) in the first slave battery management system (133). In this way, coding for the slave battery management systems (130) can be achieved.

Description

Battery swapping system and coding method

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application 202311627937.7, filed on November 29, 2023, entitled “Battery Replacement System and Coding Method,” the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present application relates to the field of coding technology, and in particular to a battery replacement system and a coding method. Background Art

[0004] In the current battery system architecture, the slave battery management system (SBMU) serves as the communication node of the master battery management system (MBMU). In order to accurately determine which SBMU sent the message when receiving the SBMU message, the SBMU needs to be encoded.

[0005] Therefore, a scheme for encoding SBMU is needed.

[0006] Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present application provides a battery replacement system and encoding method, which can be implemented as encoding from a battery management system.

[0008] In the first aspect, the present application provides a battery exchange system, including: a main battery management system, the main battery management system includes N first voltage divider modules with different voltage divider capabilities, the first end of the first voltage divider module is connected to the installation slot, different first voltage divider modules are connected to different installation slots, and N is a positive integer greater than 1; N installation slots are used to install battery packs, and each installation slot is used to install at least one battery pack. The slave battery management system of the battery pack includes a first control unit and a first pull-up module, the first end of the first pull-up module is connected to the first control unit, and the second end of the first pull-up module is connected to the power supply; when the first battery pack is installed to the first installation slot, the first end of the first voltage divider module connected to the first installation slot is respectively connected to the first end of the first pull-up module in the first slave battery management system and the first control unit in the first slave battery management system. The first slave battery management system is the slave battery management system of the first battery pack, and the first installation slot is any one of the N installation slots.

[0009] Therefore, since the voltage dividing capabilities of the first voltage divider modules connected to different installation slots are different, when the battery pack is installed in different installation slots, the first voltage between the first voltage divider module connected to the first installation slot and the first pull-up module in the first slave battery management unit is different. Therefore, the installation slot where the battery pack is located can be determined based on the first voltage, thereby encoding the first slave battery management system.

[0010] In some embodiments, the master battery management system also includes a second control unit and N second pull-up modules, the first end of the second pull-up module is connected to the installation slot, different second pull-up modules are connected to different installation slots, the first end of the second pull-up module is also connected to the second control unit, and the second end of the second pull-up module is connected to the power supply; the slave battery management system also includes a second voltage divider module; when the first battery pack is installed to the first installation slot, the first end of the second pull-up module connected to the first installation slot is connected to the first end of the second voltage divider module in the first slave battery management system, and the first end of the second voltage divider module in the first slave battery management system is also connected to the second control unit.

[0011] In this way, since the second pull-up resistor can be connected to the second voltage-dividing resistor when a battery pack is installed in the mounting slot, and the second pull-up resistor is not connected to the second voltage-dividing resistor when a battery pack is not installed in the mounting slot, the second voltage between the mounting slot and the second pull-up module is different when a battery pack is installed in the mounting slot and when a battery pack is not installed in the mounting slot. Therefore, it is possible to accurately determine whether a battery pack is installed in the mounting slot based on the second voltage.

[0012] In some embodiments, the first control unit is connected to the second control unit; the second control unit is used to collect a third voltage between the second pull-up module connected to the first installation slot and the first installation slot, and send the third voltage to the first control unit; the first control unit is used to collect the first voltage between the first voltage divider module connected to the first installation slot and the first pull-up module in the first slave battery management system, and determine whether the battery replacement system has a fault based on the first voltage and the third voltage.

[0013] In this way, based on the third voltage between the second pull-up module connected to the first installation slot and the first installation slot, and the first voltage between the first voltage divider module connected to the first installation slot and the first pull-up module in the first slave battery management system, it is possible to accurately determine whether the battery replacement system has a fault.

[0014] In the second aspect, the present application provides an encoding method, which is applied to a battery exchange system as shown in any one of the embodiments of the first aspect, the method comprising: collecting, through a first control unit, a first voltage between a first voltage divider module connected to a first installation slot and a first pull-up module in a first slave battery management system; and encoding the first slave battery management system based on the first voltage through the first control unit.

[0015] Therefore, since the voltage dividing capabilities of the first voltage divider modules connected to different installation slots are different, when the battery pack is installed in different installation slots, the first voltage between the first voltage divider module connected to the first installation slot and the first pull-up module in the first slave battery management unit is different. Therefore, the installation slot where the battery pack is located can be determined based on the first voltage, thereby encoding the first slave battery management system.

[0016] In some embodiments, encoding the first slave battery management system based on the first voltage includes: determining a first preset range in which the first voltage is located; and using a first preset value corresponding to the first preset range as a coding value of the first slave battery management system.

[0017] In this way, since the voltage dividing capabilities of the first voltage divider modules connected to different installation slots are different, when the first battery pack is installed in different installation slots, the preset range of the first voltage collected by the first control unit is different. Therefore, based on the first preset range of the first voltage, the installation slot where the first battery pack is installed can be accurately determined, thereby accurately encoding the first slave battery management system.

[0018] In some embodiments, the method further includes: collecting, by a second control unit, a second voltage between the installation slot and the second pull-up module; and determining, by the second control unit, whether a battery pack is installed in the installation slot based on the second voltage.

[0019] In this way, since the second pull-up resistor can be connected to the second voltage-dividing resistor when a battery pack is installed in the mounting slot, and the second pull-up resistor is not connected to the second voltage-dividing resistor when a battery pack is not installed in the mounting slot, the second voltage between the mounting slot and the second pull-up module is different when a battery pack is installed in the mounting slot and when a battery pack is not installed in the mounting slot. Therefore, it is possible to accurately determine whether a battery pack is installed in the mounting slot based on the second voltage.

[0020] In some embodiments, the above-mentioned determination of whether a battery pack is installed in the installation slot based on the second voltage includes: when the second voltage is within a second preset range, determining that a battery pack is installed in the installation slot; when the second voltage is within a third preset range, determining that a battery pack is not installed in the installation slot, and the lower limit of the third preset range is greater than the upper limit of the second preset range.

[0021] In this way, when a battery pack is installed in the installation slot, the second pull-up resistor can be connected to the second voltage divider resistor, so that the second voltage is in a smaller second preset range; when a battery pack is not installed in the installation slot, the second pull-up resistor is not connected to the second voltage divider resistor, and the second voltage is in a larger third preset range. Therefore, by judging whether the second voltage is in the second preset range or the third preset range, it is possible to accurately determine whether a battery pack is installed in the installation slot, thereby improving the reliability of the battery replacement system.

[0022] In some embodiments, the method also includes: collecting a third voltage between the second pull-up module connected to the first installation slot and the first installation slot through the second control unit, and sending the third voltage to the first control unit; determining whether the battery exchange system has a fault based on the first voltage and the third voltage through the first control unit.

[0023] In this way, based on the third voltage between the second pull-up module connected to the first installation slot and the first installation slot, and the first voltage between the first voltage divider module connected to the first installation slot and the first pull-up module in the first slave battery management system, it is possible to accurately determine whether the battery replacement system has a fault.

[0024] In some embodiments, the above-mentioned determination of whether the battery exchange system has a fault based on the first voltage and the third voltage includes: determining that the battery exchange system has a fault when the first voltage is within a fourth preset range and the third voltage is within a second preset range.

[0025] In this way, by determining whether the first voltage is within the fourth preset range and whether the third voltage is within the second preset range, it is possible to accurately determine whether a fault occurs in the battery swap system.

[0026] In some embodiments, after the third voltage between the second pull-up module connected to the first installation slot and the first installation slot is collected by the second control unit and the third voltage is sent to the first control unit, the method further includes: determining by the first control unit that a short circuit fault occurs in the battery exchange system when the first voltage is not greater than the first threshold or greater than the second threshold, and the third voltage is within the second preset range; determining by the first control unit that an open circuit fault occurs in the battery exchange system when the first voltage is within the fifth preset range and the third voltage is within the second preset range, the lower limit of the fifth preset range is greater than the first threshold, and the upper limit of the fifth preset range is not greater than the second threshold.

[0027] In this way, by respectively determining the ranges of the first voltage and the third voltage, the fault type of the battery swapping system can be accurately determined.

[0028] In the third aspect, the present application provides an encoding device, which is applied to the battery exchange system as shown in any one of the embodiments of the first aspect, and the device includes: a first acquisition module, which is used to collect the first voltage between the first voltage divider module connected to the first installation slot and the first pull-up module in the first slave battery management system through a first control unit; an encoding module, which is used to encode the first slave battery management system based on the first voltage through the first control unit.

[0029] Therefore, since the voltage dividing capabilities of the first voltage divider modules connected to different installation slots are different, when the battery pack is installed in different installation slots, the first voltage between the first voltage divider module connected to the first installation slot and the first pull-up module in the first slave battery management unit is different. Therefore, the installation slot where the battery pack is located can be determined based on the first voltage, thereby encoding the first slave battery management system.

[0030] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides an electronic device comprising: a processor and a memory storing computer program instructions; when the processor executes the computer program instructions, the encoding method as shown in any one of the embodiments of the second aspect is implemented.

[0031] In a fifth aspect, the present application provides a computer storage medium having computer program instructions stored thereon, and when the computer program instructions are executed by a processor, the encoding method shown in any one of the embodiments of the second aspect is implemented.

[0032] In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product. When the instructions in the computer program product are executed by a processor of an electronic device, the electronic device executes the encoding method shown in any one of the embodiments of the second aspect.

[0033] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiment below. The accompanying drawings are for illustration purposes only and are not to be considered as limiting the present application. The same reference numerals are used throughout the drawings to represent the same components. In the drawings:

[0035] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a battery swapping system according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0036] FIG2 is a second structural diagram of a battery swapping system provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0037] FIG3 is a third structural diagram of a battery swapping system provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0038] FIG4 is a fourth structural diagram of a battery swapping system provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0039] FIG5 is a fifth structural diagram of a battery swapping system provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0040] FIG6 is a sixth structural diagram of a battery swapping system provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0041] FIG7 is a seventh structural diagram of a battery swapping system provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0042] FIG8 is an eighth structural diagram of a battery swapping system provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0043] FIG9 is a ninth structural diagram of a battery swapping system provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0044] FIG10 is a tenth structural diagram of a battery swapping system provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0045] FIG11 is an eleventh structural diagram of a battery swapping system provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0046] FIG12 is a schematic flow chart of an encoding method provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0047] FIG13 is a schematic structural diagram of an encoding device provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0048] FIG14 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided in some embodiments of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The following embodiments of the technical solution of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application and are therefore only examples and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application.

[0050] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned figure descriptions are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0051] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used solely to distinguish different objects and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or to implicitly specify the quantity, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the technical features indicated. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "plurality" means more than two, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0052] References herein to "embodiments" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it constitute an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is understood, both explicitly and implicitly, by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0053] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "and / or" is simply a description of the association relationship between associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent the following three situations: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0054] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "multiple" refers to more than two (including two). Similarly, "multiple groups" refers to more than two groups (including two groups), and "multiple pieces" refers to more than two pieces (including two pieces).

[0055] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, technical terms such as "installed," "connected," "connected," and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integration; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; internal connections between two components or interactions between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application based on specific circumstances.

[0056] As mentioned in the background technology, with the development of new energy vehicles, higher requirements have been placed on them, such as longer driving range and faster charging. However, due to the lack of effective breakthroughs in battery technology barriers, the battery swap model has emerged to meet market demand.

[0057] Although the battery swap model can effectively solve the pain point of long battery charging times, firstly, the current structure of the back-mounted battery swap pack forces the vehicle to sacrifice a certain amount of loading space; secondly, the battery swap pack is installed behind the front of the vehicle, which poses certain safety risks in uphill and downhill conditions and bad road conditions; thirdly, the battery swap pack has a fixed power capacity and cannot be installed according to the user's different mileage requirements. If the expansion of electrical cabinets with multiple power capacities, it will bring great challenges to the deployment and operation of station control. To meet the requirements of the above application scenarios, the battery swap pack is made modular and standardized. At the same time, the battery system architecture also needs to be innovated, from the previous two-level architecture to a three-level architecture. The communication topology of the entire system also needs to be innovated. It is necessary to use the SBMU as the communication node of the MBMU and encode the SBMU to bind the corresponding message address to realize the interaction between the SBMU and MBMU.

[0058] In the related art, the MBMU encoding function can receive encoding requests from a personal computer (PC) and implement encoding for all SBMUs. Specifically, when the PC sends an encoding request message to the MBMU, the MBMU is enabled to lower the SBMU's encoding hard-line voltage while simultaneously sending an encoding request message to the SBMU. The SBMU receives the MBMU's encoding address as valid, updates and stores the encoding address, and returns a successful encoding response to the MBMU. The first SBMU is then enabled to lower the second SBMU's encoding hard-line voltage. Similarly, the MBMU sends the encoding address to the second SBMU to complete encoding. This allows encoding of multiple SBMUs to be completed sequentially.

[0059] However, the related art only supports encoding the SBMU in the order of the installation slots. If the battery pack is not installed in the order of the installation slots, the SBMU code cannot be matched with the installation slot number, resulting in encoding errors. Moreover, the related art requires a PC trigger to perform encoding. In addition, the related art requires message interaction. If there is a communication anomaly, encoding cannot be successful.

[0060] In response to the above technical problems, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery exchange system and an encoding method. The battery exchange system may include a main battery management system and N installation slots. The main battery management system includes N first voltage divider modules with different voltage divider capabilities. The first end of the first voltage divider module is connected to the installation slot. Different first voltage divider modules are connected to different installation slots. N is a positive integer greater than 1. The N installation slots are used to install battery packs. Each installation slot is used to install at least one battery pack. The slave battery management system of the battery pack includes a first control unit and a first pull-up module. The first end of the first pull-up module is connected to the first control unit, and the second end of the first pull-up module is connected to the power supply. When the first battery pack is installed in the first installation slot, the first end of the first voltage divider module connected to the first installation slot is respectively connected to the first end of the first pull-up module in the first slave battery management system and the first control unit in the first slave battery management system. The first slave battery management system is the slave battery management system of the first battery pack, and the first installation slot is any one of the N installation slots.

[0061] Therefore, since the voltage dividing capabilities of the first voltage divider modules connected to different installation slots are different, when the battery pack is installed in different installation slots, the first voltage between the first voltage divider module connected to the first installation slot and the first pull-up module in the first slave battery management unit is different. Therefore, the installation slot where the battery pack is located can be determined based on the first voltage, thereby encoding the first slave battery management system.

[0062] In this way, even if the battery packs are not installed in the order of the installation slots, the SBMU can be accurately encoded; moreover, in some embodiments of the present application, the first voltage between the first voltage divider module connected to the first installation slot and the first pull-up module in the first SBMU can be periodically collected by the first control unit, and the first SBMU can be encoded based on the first voltage by the first control unit without the need for PC triggering; in addition, in the embodiments of the present application, no message interaction is required, so encoding failure will not be caused by communication abnormalities.

[0063] The battery replacement system and encoding method provided in the embodiments of the present application are introduced in detail below.

[0064] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery replacement system provided in some embodiments of the present application.

[0065] As shown in FIG. 1 , the battery exchange system 100 may include: a main battery management system 110 and N installation slots 120 .

[0066] It should be noted that N can be a positive integer greater than 1. In the embodiment of the present application, N=3 is taken as an example for introduction.

[0067] The main battery management system 110 may include N first voltage divider modules 111 with different voltage divider capabilities. The first ends of the first voltage divider modules 111 may be connected to the mounting slots 120. Different first voltage divider modules 111 may be connected to different mounting slots 120. The second ends of the first voltage divider modules 111 may be grounded.

[0068] The N installation slots 120 can all be used to install battery packs, and each installation slot 120 can be used to install at least one battery pack.

[0069] As shown in FIG2 , the secondary battery management system 130 of the battery pack may include a first control unit 131 and a first pull-up module 132 . The first end of the first pull-up module 132 may be connected to the first control unit 131 , and the second end of the first pull-up module 132 may be connected to a power source.

[0070] As shown in Figure 3, when the first battery pack is installed in the first installation slot 121, the first end of the first voltage divider module 111 connected to the first installation slot 121 can be respectively connected to the first end of the first pull-up module 132 in the first slave battery management system 133 and the first control unit 131 in the first slave battery management system 133. The first slave battery management system 133 can be the slave battery management system of the first battery pack, and the first installation slot 121 can be any one of the N installation slots.

[0071] Here, the N first voltage-dividing modules with different voltage-dividing capabilities may be N voltage-dividing resistors with different resistance values, the first control unit may be a microcontroller unit (MCU), and the first pull-up module may be a pull-up resistor.

[0072] Exemplarily, the power source connected to the second end of the first pull-up module may be a pull-up power source with a voltage of 5V.

[0073] Specifically, the first end of the first pull-up module can be a first analog interface, and the first control unit can be used to periodically collect the voltage at the first analog interface. In this way, when the first battery pack is installed in the first installation slot, the first control unit can collect the first voltage between the first voltage divider module connected to the first installation slot and the first pull-up module in the first slave battery management system, and can encode the first slave battery management system based on the first voltage.

[0074] In some embodiments of the present application, the first control unit may be specifically configured to determine a first preset range in which the first voltage is located, and use a first preset value corresponding to the first preset range as a coding value of the first slave battery management system.

[0075] Here, N different preset ranges can be pre-set, and the preset ranges can correspond one-to-one with the installation slots. Different coding values ​​can also be pre-set for different installation slots, and the installation slots correspond one-to-one with the coding values. Therefore, the preset ranges can correspond one-to-one with the coding values. Based on the preset range where the first voltage is located, the installation slot where the battery pack is installed can be determined, thereby determining the coding value corresponding to the installation slot, and then the coding value can be used as the coding value of the first slave battery management system of the battery pack.

[0076] The preset range can be determined based on the resistance of the first voltage divider module connected to the corresponding mounting slot. Specifically, the preset range can be determined based on the resistance of the first voltage divider module, the resistance of the first pull-up module, and the voltage of a power source connected to the second end of the first pull-up module. The first preset value corresponding to the first preset range can be the preset value corresponding to the first mounting slot.

[0077] For example, as shown in FIG4 , the three first voltage-dividing modules with different voltage-dividing capabilities may be: a first voltage-dividing resistor 410 with a resistance of 0.47 kΩ, a second voltage-dividing resistor 420 with a resistance of 1 kΩ, and a third voltage-dividing resistor 430 with a resistance of 2.2 kΩ. As shown in FIG5 , the first pull-up module may be a first pull-up resistor 510 with a resistance of 1 kΩ. The power supply connected to the second end of the first pull-up resistor 510 may be a 5V pull-up power supply. The first end of the first pull-up resistor is connected to the first MCU 520 of the slave battery management system. If the first installation slot is the installation slot connected to the first voltage-dividing resistor 410, then when the first battery pack is installed in the first installation slot, the preset range of the first voltage should be (1V, 2V]; if the first installation slot is the installation slot connected to the second voltage-dividing resistor 420, then when the first battery pack is installed in the first installation slot, the preset range of the first voltage should be (2V, 3V]; if the first installation slot is the installation slot connected to the third voltage-dividing resistor 430, then when the first battery pack is installed in the first installation slot, the preset range of the first voltage should be (3V, 4V].

[0078] Therefore, when it is determined that the first preset range of the first voltage is (1V, 2V], it can be determined that the battery pack is installed in the installation slot connected to the first voltage-dividing resistor 410, so the code value "1" corresponding to the installation slot connected to the first voltage-dividing resistor 410 can be used as the code value of the first slave battery management system of the first battery pack; when it is determined that the first preset range of the first voltage is (2V, 3V], it can be determined that the battery pack is installed in the installation slot connected to the second voltage-dividing resistor 420, so the code value "2" corresponding to the installation slot connected to the second voltage-dividing resistor 420 can be used as the code value of the first slave battery management system of the first battery pack; when it is determined that the first preset range of the first voltage is (3V, 4V], it can be determined that the battery pack is installed in the installation slot connected to the third voltage-dividing resistor 430, so the code value "3" corresponding to the installation slot connected to the third voltage-dividing resistor 430 can be used as the code value of the first slave battery management system of the first battery pack.

[0079] In addition, since the first pull-up resistor 510 is not connected to any voltage divider resistor when the first battery pack is not installed in the installation slot, the preset range of the first voltage should be [4V, 5V]. Therefore, the code value corresponding to [4V, 5V] can also be pre-set to "4". The code value "4" can be used to indicate that the battery pack is not installed in the installation slot. Therefore, when it is determined that the first preset range of the first voltage is [4V, 5V], the code value "4" can be used as the code value of the first slave battery management system of the first battery pack.

[0080] In this way, since the voltage dividing capabilities of the first voltage divider modules connected to different installation slots are different, when the first battery pack is installed in different installation slots, the preset range of the first voltage collected by the first control unit is different. Therefore, based on the first preset range of the first voltage, the installation slot where the first battery pack is installed can be accurately determined, thereby accurately encoding the first slave battery management system.

[0081] Therefore, since the voltage dividing capabilities of the first voltage divider modules connected to different installation slots are different, when the battery pack is installed in different installation slots, the first voltage between the first voltage divider module connected to the first installation slot and the first pull-up module in the first slave battery management unit is different. Therefore, the installation slot where the battery pack is located can be determined based on the first voltage, thereby encoding the first slave battery management system.

[0082] Accurately encoding the slave battery management system can facilitate rapid location of faulty battery packs and troubleshooting.

[0083] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 6, the main battery management system 110 may also include a second control unit 112 and N second pull-up modules 113. The first end of the second pull-up module 113 can be connected to the installation slot 120. The installation slots 120 to which different second pull-up modules 113 are connected may be different. The first end of the second pull-up module 113 can also be connected to the second control unit 112, and the second end of the second pull-up module 113 can be connected to a power supply.

[0084] As shown in Fig. 7, the slave battery management system 130 may further include a second voltage dividing module 134. A second terminal of the second voltage dividing module 134 may be grounded.

[0085] As shown in Figure 8, when the first battery pack is installed in the first installation slot 121, the first end of the second pull-up module 113 connected to the first installation slot 121 can be connected to the first end of the second voltage divider module 134 in the first slave battery management system 133, and the first end of the second voltage divider module 134 in the first slave battery management system 133 can also be connected to the second control unit 112.

[0086] Here, the N second pull-up modules may be pull-up resistors, the second control unit may be an MCU, and the second voltage divider module may be a voltage divider resistor.

[0087] Exemplarily, the power source connected to the second end of the second pull-up module may be a pull-up power source with a voltage of 5V.

[0088] Specifically, the first end of the second pull-up module may be a second analog interface, that is, the second analog interface may be located on a connection line between the mounting slot and the second pull-up module. The second control unit may be configured to periodically collect a second voltage at the second analog interface and, based on the second voltage, determine whether a battery pack is installed in the mounting slot. The second control unit may also determine the number of installed battery packs.

[0089] In this way, since the second pull-up resistor can be connected to the second voltage-dividing resistor when a battery pack is installed in the mounting slot, and the second pull-up resistor is not connected to the second voltage-dividing resistor when a battery pack is not installed in the mounting slot, the second voltage between the mounting slot and the second pull-up module is different when a battery pack is installed in the mounting slot and when a battery pack is not installed in the mounting slot. Therefore, it is possible to accurately determine whether a battery pack is installed in the mounting slot based on the second voltage.

[0090] In some embodiments of the present application, the second control unit can be specifically used to determine that a battery pack is installed in the installation slot when the second voltage is within a second preset range; and to determine that a battery pack is not installed in the installation slot when the second voltage is within a third preset range.

[0091] The lower limit of the third preset range may be greater than the upper limit of the second preset range.

[0092] Here, for any mounting slot, if no battery pack is installed in the mounting slot, the second pull-up module is not connected to the second voltage divider module, so the second voltage detected by the second control unit is higher. If a battery pack is installed in the mounting slot, the second pull-up module is connected to the second voltage divider module, so the second voltage detected by the second control unit is lower. Therefore, if the second voltage is lower, it can be determined that a battery pack is installed in the mounting slot; if the second voltage is higher, it can be determined that a battery pack is not installed in the mounting slot.

[0093] Specifically, a second preset range and a third preset range can be pre-set. The second preset range can be determined based on the resistance of the second voltage divider module, the resistance of the second pull-up module, and the voltage of the power supply connected to the second end of the second pull-up module. The third preset range can be determined based on the resistance of the second pull-up module and the voltage of the power supply connected to the second end of the second pull-up module.

[0094] For example, as shown in FIG9 , the three second pull-up modules can be a second pull-up resistor 910, a third pull-up resistor 920, and a fourth pull-up resistor 930, each having a resistance of 1 kΩ. The first ends of the second pull-up resistor 910, the third pull-up resistor 920, and the fourth pull-up resistor 930 are all connected to the second MCU 940 of the main battery management system, and the power supply connected to the second ends of the second pull-up resistor 910, the third pull-up resistor 920, and the fourth pull-up resistor 930 can be a pull-up power supply with a voltage of 5 V. As shown in FIG10 , the second voltage divider module can be a fourth voltage divider resistor 950 with a resistance of 1 kΩ. Based on this, the second preset range is [2 V, 3 V], and the third preset range is [4 V, 5 V].

[0095] For any installation slot, if the second voltage is between [2V, 3V], it can be determined that a battery pack is installed in the installation slot; if the second voltage is between [4V, 5V], it can be determined that a battery pack is not installed in the installation slot.

[0096] In this way, when a battery pack is installed in the installation slot, the second pull-up resistor can be connected to the second voltage divider resistor, so that the second voltage is in a smaller second preset range; when a battery pack is not installed in the installation slot, the second pull-up resistor is not connected to the second voltage divider resistor, and the second voltage is in a larger third preset range. Therefore, by judging whether the second voltage is in the second preset range or the third preset range, it is possible to accurately determine whether a battery pack is installed in the installation slot, thereby improving the reliability of the battery replacement system.

[0097] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in FIG. 11 , the first control unit 131 may be connected to the second control unit 112 .

[0098] The second control unit 112 may be configured to collect a third voltage between the second pull-up module 113 connected to the first installation slot 121 and the first installation slot 121 , and send the third voltage to the first control unit 131 ;

[0099] The first control unit 131 can be used to collect the first voltage between the first voltage divider module 111 connected to the first installation slot 121 and the first pull-up module 132 in the first slave battery management system 133, and determine whether the battery exchange system has a fault based on the first voltage and the third voltage.

[0100] Here, the first control unit can be used to periodically collect the voltage at the first analog interface. Thus, when the first battery pack is installed in the first mounting slot, the first control unit can collect the first voltage between the first voltage divider module connected to the first mounting slot and the first pull-up module in the first slave battery management system. The second control unit can be used to periodically collect the third voltage at the second analog interface corresponding to the first mounting slot.

[0101] Exemplarily, the first control unit and the second control unit may be connected via a CAN line.

[0102] In this way, based on the third voltage between the second pull-up module connected to the first installation slot and the first installation slot, and the first voltage between the first voltage divider module connected to the first installation slot and the first pull-up module in the first slave battery management system, it is possible to accurately determine whether the battery replacement system has a fault.

[0103] In some embodiments of the present application, the first control unit can be specifically used to determine that a fault occurs in the battery exchange system when the first voltage is within a fourth preset range and the third voltage is within a second preset range.

[0104] Here, the fault may be a short circuit fault or an open circuit fault.

[0105] The first control unit may also be configured to determine that the battery swap system does not have a short circuit fault or an open circuit fault when the first voltage and the third voltage do not meet a preset condition. The preset condition may be that the first voltage is within a fourth preset range and the third voltage is within a second preset range.

[0106] Exemplarily, the fourth preset range may be (-∞, 1V], (4V, 5V], or (5V, +∞). The second preset range may be [2V, 3V].

[0107] In this way, by determining whether the first voltage is within the fourth preset range and whether the third voltage is within the second preset range, it is possible to accurately determine whether a fault occurs in the battery swap system.

[0108] In some embodiments of the present application, the first control unit may also be configured to:

[0109] When the first voltage is not greater than the first threshold or greater than the second threshold, and the third voltage is within the second preset range, it is determined that a short power failure occurs in the battery swapping system;

[0110] When the first voltage is within the fifth preset range and the third voltage is within the second preset range, it is determined that an open circuit fault occurs in the battery swapping system.

[0111] Here, the lower limit of the fifth preset range may be greater than the first threshold, and the upper limit of the fifth preset range may not be greater than the second threshold.

[0112] Exemplarily, the first threshold value may be 1V, and the second threshold value may be 5V. The fifth preset range may be (4V, 5V]. The second preset range may be [2V, 3V]. When the first voltage is not greater than 1V or greater than 5V, and the third voltage is between [2V, 3V], the first control unit may report a short-circuit fault in the battery swap system; when the first voltage is between (4V, 5V] and the third voltage is between [2V, 3V], the first control unit may report an open circuit fault in the battery swap system.

[0113] In this way, by respectively determining the ranges of the first voltage and the third voltage, the fault type of the battery swapping system can be accurately determined.

[0114] FIG12 is a flow chart of an encoding method provided in some embodiments of the present application.

[0115] As shown in FIG12 , the encoding method may be applied to the battery swapping system provided in any of the above embodiments. The encoding method may include S1210-S1220:

[0116] S1210: Collecting, by a first control unit, a first voltage between a first voltage divider module connected to the first installation slot and a first pull-up module in a first slave battery management system;

[0117] S1220 , encoding the first slave battery management system based on the first voltage by the first control unit.

[0118] Therefore, since the voltage dividing capabilities of the first voltage divider modules connected to different installation slots are different, when the battery pack is installed in different installation slots, the first voltage between the first voltage divider module connected to the first installation slot and the first pull-up module in the first slave battery management unit is different. Therefore, the installation slot where the battery pack is located can be determined based on the first voltage, thereby encoding the first slave battery management system.

[0119] In some embodiments of the present application, encoding the first slave battery management system based on the first voltage may include:

[0120] determining a first preset range within which the first voltage is located;

[0121] The first preset value corresponding to the first preset range is used as the coding value of the first slave battery management system.

[0122] In this way, since the voltage dividing capabilities of the first voltage divider modules connected to different installation slots are different, when the first battery pack is installed in different installation slots, the preset range of the first voltage collected by the first control unit is different. Therefore, based on the first preset range of the first voltage, the installation slot where the first battery pack is installed can be accurately determined, thereby accurately encoding the first slave battery management system.

[0123] In some embodiments of the present application, the method may further include:

[0124] collecting a second voltage between the installation slot and the second pull-up module by a second control unit;

[0125] The second control unit determines whether a battery pack is installed in the installation slot based on the second voltage.

[0126] In this way, since the second pull-up resistor can be connected to the second voltage-dividing resistor when a battery pack is installed in the mounting slot, and the second pull-up resistor is not connected to the second voltage-dividing resistor when a battery pack is not installed in the mounting slot, the second voltage between the mounting slot and the second pull-up module is different when a battery pack is installed in the mounting slot and when a battery pack is not installed in the mounting slot. Therefore, it is possible to accurately determine whether a battery pack is installed in the mounting slot based on the second voltage.

[0127] In some embodiments of the present application, determining whether a battery pack is installed in the installation slot based on the second voltage may include:

[0128] When the second voltage is within a second preset range, determining that a battery pack is installed in the installation slot;

[0129] When the second voltage is within the third preset range, it is determined that no battery pack is installed in the installation slot, and the lower limit of the third preset range is greater than the upper limit of the second preset range.

[0130] In this way, when a battery pack is installed in the installation slot, the second pull-up resistor can be connected to the second voltage divider resistor, so that the second voltage is in a smaller second preset range; when a battery pack is not installed in the installation slot, the second pull-up resistor is not connected to the second voltage divider resistor, and the second voltage is in a larger third preset range. Therefore, by judging whether the second voltage is in the second preset range or the third preset range, it is possible to accurately determine whether a battery pack is installed in the installation slot, thereby improving the reliability of the battery replacement system.

[0131] In some embodiments of the present application, the method may further include:

[0132] collecting, by the second control unit, a third voltage between the second pull-up module connected to the first installation slot and the first installation slot, and sending the third voltage to the first control unit;

[0133] The first control unit determines whether a fault occurs in the battery swapping system based on the first voltage and the third voltage.

[0134] In this way, based on the third voltage between the second pull-up module connected to the first installation slot and the first installation slot, and the first voltage between the first voltage divider module connected to the first installation slot and the first pull-up module in the first slave battery management system, it is possible to accurately determine whether the battery replacement system has a fault.

[0135] In some embodiments of the present application, determining whether a fault occurs in the battery swapping system based on the first voltage and the third voltage may include:

[0136] When the first voltage is within the fourth preset range and the third voltage is within the second preset range, it is determined that a fault occurs in the battery swapping system.

[0137] In this way, by determining whether the first voltage is within the fourth preset range and whether the third voltage is within the second preset range, it is possible to accurately determine whether a fault occurs in the battery swap system.

[0138] In some embodiments of the present application, after the second control unit collects the third voltage between the second pull-up module connected to the first installation slot and the first installation slot and sends the third voltage to the first control unit, the method may further include:

[0139] Determining, by the first control unit, that a short power failure occurs in the battery swapping system when the first voltage is not greater than the first threshold or greater than the second threshold and the third voltage is within a second preset range;

[0140] The first control unit determines that an open circuit fault occurs in the battery exchange system when the first voltage is in the fifth preset range and the third voltage is in the second preset range, the lower limit of the fifth preset range is greater than the first threshold, and the upper limit of the fifth preset range is not greater than the second threshold.

[0141] In this way, by respectively determining the ranges of the first voltage and the third voltage, the fault type of the battery swapping system can be accurately determined.

[0142] The detailed description of the encoding method can be found in the various embodiments of the battery swapping system mentioned above, which will not be elaborated here.

[0143] Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present application further provides an encoding device. The encoding device provided by the embodiment of the present application is described in detail below with reference to FIG13 .

[0144] FIG13 shows a schematic structural diagram of an encoding device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0145] As shown in FIG13 , the encoding device can be applied to the battery swapping system provided in any of the above embodiments, and the encoding device may include:

[0146] A first acquisition module 1301 is configured to acquire, through a first control unit, a first voltage between a first voltage divider module connected to the first installation slot and a first pull-up module in a first slave battery management system;

[0147] The encoding module 1302 is configured to encode the first slave battery management system based on the first voltage through the first control unit.

[0148] Therefore, since the voltage dividing capabilities of the first voltage divider modules connected to different installation slots are different, when the battery pack is installed in different installation slots, the first voltage between the first voltage divider module connected to the first installation slot and the first pull-up module in the first slave battery management unit is different. Therefore, the installation slot where the battery pack is located can be determined based on the first voltage, thereby encoding the first slave battery management system.

[0149] In some embodiments of the present application, the encoding module 1302 may include:

[0150] A first determining submodule, configured to determine a first preset range within which the first voltage is located;

[0151] The processing submodule is configured to use a first preset value corresponding to the first preset range as a coding value of the first slave battery management system.

[0152] In some embodiments of the present application, the encoding device may further include:

[0153] A second acquisition module, configured to acquire a second voltage between the installation slot and the second pull-up module through a second control unit;

[0154] The first determining module is configured to determine, through the second control unit, whether a battery pack is installed in the installation slot based on the second voltage.

[0155] In some embodiments of the present application, the first determining module may include:

[0156] a second determining submodule, configured to determine that a battery pack is installed in the installation slot when the second voltage is within a second preset range;

[0157] The third determining submodule is configured to determine that no battery pack is installed in the installation slot when the second voltage is within a third preset range, and a lower limit of the third preset range is greater than an upper limit of the second preset range.

[0158] In some embodiments of the present application, the encoding device may further include:

[0159] a processing module, configured to collect, through the second control unit, a third voltage between the second pull-up module connected to the first installation slot and the first installation slot, and send the third voltage to the first control unit;

[0160] The second determination module is used to determine whether a fault occurs in the battery swap system based on the first voltage and the third voltage through the first control unit.

[0161] In some embodiments of the present application, the second determining module may include:

[0162] The fourth determination submodule is used to determine that a fault occurs in the battery swap system when the first voltage is within a fourth preset range and the third voltage is within a second preset range.

[0163] In some embodiments of the present application, the encoding device may further include:

[0164] a third determination module, configured to, after collecting a third voltage between the second pull-up module connected to the first installation slot and the first installation slot through the second control unit and sending the third voltage to the first control unit, determine through the first control unit that a short power fault occurs in the battery swapping system when the first voltage is not greater than the first threshold or greater than the second threshold and the third voltage is within a second preset range;

[0165] The fourth determination module is used to determine, through the first control unit, that an open circuit fault occurs in the battery exchange system when the first voltage is in the fifth preset range and the third voltage is in the second preset range, the lower limit of the fifth preset range is greater than the first threshold, and the upper limit of the fifth preset range is not greater than the second threshold.

[0166] FIG14 shows a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0167] As shown in Figure 14, the electronic device 14 is a block diagram of an exemplary hardware architecture of an electronic device capable of implementing the encoding method and encoding apparatus according to the embodiments of the present application. The electronic device may refer to the electronic device in the embodiments of the present application.

[0168] The electronic device 14 may include a processor 1401 and a memory 1402 storing computer program instructions.

[0169] Specifically, the processor 1401 may include a central processing unit (CPU), or an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or may be configured to implement one or more integrated circuits of the embodiments of the present application.

[0170] Memory 1402 may include a large-capacity memory for data or instructions. By way of example and not limitation, memory 1402 may include a hard disk drive (HDD), a floppy disk drive, a flash memory, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, a magnetic tape, or a universal serial bus (USB) drive, or a combination of two or more of these. Where appropriate, memory 1402 may include removable or non-removable (or fixed) media. Where appropriate, memory 1402 may be inside or outside the integrated gateway disaster recovery device. In a specific embodiment, memory 1402 is a non-volatile solid-state memory. In a specific embodiment, memory 1402 may include a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk storage medium device, an optical storage medium device, a flash memory device, an electrical, optical, or other physical / tangible memory storage device. Thus, typically, memory 1402 includes one or more tangible (non-transitory) computer-readable storage media (e.g., memory devices) encoded with software comprising computer-executable instructions, and when the software is executed (e.g., by one or more processors), it is operable to perform the operations described with reference to a method according to an aspect of the present application.

[0171] The processor 1401 implements any one of the encoding methods in the above embodiments by reading and executing computer program instructions stored in the memory 1402 .

[0172] In one example, the electronic device may further include a communication interface 1403 and a bus 1404. As shown in FIG14, the processor 1401, the memory 1402, and the communication interface 1403 are connected via the bus 1404 and communicate with each other.

[0173] The communication interface 1403 is mainly used to implement communication between various modules, devices, units and / or equipment in the embodiments of the present application.

[0174] Bus 1404 comprises hardware, software or both, couples the parts of electronic equipment to each other.For example, and not limitation, bus can comprise accelerated graphics port (AGP) or other graphics buses, enhanced industry standard architecture (EISA) bus, front side bus (FSB), hypertransport (HT) interconnection, industry standard architecture (ISA) bus, infinite bandwidth interconnection, low pin count (LPC) bus, memory bus, micro channel architecture (MCA) bus, peripheral component interconnection (PCI) bus, PCI-Express (PCI-X) bus, serial advanced technology attachment (SATA) bus, video electronics standard association local (VLB) bus or other suitable bus or two or more of these combinations.In suitable cases, bus 1404 can comprise one or more buses.Although the present application embodiment describes and shows specific bus, the application considers any suitable bus or interconnection.

[0175] The electronic device can execute the encoding method in the embodiment of the present application, thereby realizing the encoding method and device described in combination with Figures 12 to 13.

[0176] In addition, in combination with the encoding method in the above embodiments, the present application embodiment can provide a computer storage medium for implementation. The computer storage medium stores computer program instructions; when the computer program instructions are executed by a processor, any one of the encoding methods in the above embodiments is implemented.

[0177] It should be understood that the present application is not limited to the specific configurations and processes described above and illustrated in the figures. For the sake of brevity, a detailed description of known methods is omitted here. In the above embodiments, several specific steps are described and illustrated as examples. However, the method process of the present application is not limited to the specific steps described and illustrated. Those skilled in the art can make various changes, modifications, and additions, or change the order of the steps after understanding the spirit of the present application.

[0178] The functional blocks shown in the above-described block diagram can be implemented as hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. When implemented in hardware, they can be, for example, electronic circuits, application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), appropriate firmware, plug-ins, function cards, etc. When implemented in software, the elements of the present application are programs or code segments that are used to perform the required tasks. The program or code segment can be stored in a machine-readable medium, or transmitted on a transmission medium or a communication link by a data signal carried in a carrier wave. "Machine-readable medium" can include any medium that can store or transmit information. Examples of machine-readable media include electronic circuits, semiconductor memory devices, ROMs, flash memories, erasable ROMs (EROMs), floppy disks, CD-ROMs, optical disks, hard disks, optical fiber media, radio frequency (RF) links, etc. The code segment can be downloaded via a computer network such as the Internet, an intranet, etc.

[0179] It should also be noted that the exemplary embodiments mentioned in this application describe some methods or systems based on a series of steps or devices. However, this application is not limited to the order of the above steps. In other words, the steps can be performed in the order mentioned in the embodiments, or in a different order, or several steps can be performed simultaneously.

[0180] Aspects of the present application have been described above with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems) and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each box in the flowchart and / or block diagram and the combination of each box in the flowchart and / or block diagram can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to the processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine so that these instructions executed via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device enable the implementation of the function / action specified in one or more boxes of the flowchart and / or block diagram. This processor can be, but is not limited to, a general-purpose processor, a special-purpose processor, a special application processor or a field programmable logic circuit. It is also understood that each box in the block diagram and / or the flowchart and the combination of the boxes in the block diagram and / or the flowchart can also be implemented by the dedicated hardware that performs the specified function or action, or can be implemented by the combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0181] Although the present application has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, various modifications may be made thereto and components may be replaced with equivalents without departing from the scope of the present application. In particular, the various technical features described in the various embodiments may be combined in any manner as long as there are no structural conflicts. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery replacement system, comprising: A main battery management system, the main battery management system comprising N first voltage dividing modules with different voltage dividing capabilities, the first ends of the first voltage dividing modules being connected to the mounting slots, the mounting slots to which different first voltage dividing modules are connected are different, and N is a positive integer greater than 1; N said installation slots are used to install battery packs, each of said installation slots is used to install at least one said battery pack, and the slave battery management system of said battery pack comprises a first control unit and a first pull-up module, a first end of said first pull-up module is connected to said first control unit, and a second end of said first pull-up module is connected to a power source; When the first battery pack is installed in the first installation slot, the first end of the first voltage divider module connected to the first installation slot is respectively connected to the first end of the first pull-up module in the first slave battery management system and the first control unit in the first slave battery management system, the first slave battery management system is the slave battery management system of the first battery pack, and the first installation slot is any one of N installation slots.

2. The battery replacement system according to claim 1, wherein: The main battery management system further includes a second control unit and N second pull-up modules, wherein the first end of the second pull-up module is connected to the installation slot, and the installation slots connected to different second pull-up modules are different, the first end of the second pull-up module is also connected to the second control unit, and the second end of the second pull-up module is connected to the power supply; The slave battery management system further includes a second voltage dividing module; When the first battery pack is installed in the first installation slot, the first end of the second pull-up module connected to the first installation slot is connected to the first end of the second voltage divider module in the first slave battery management system, and the first end of the second voltage divider module in the first slave battery management system is also connected to the second control unit.

3. The battery replacement system according to claim 2, wherein: The first control unit is connected to the second control unit; The second control unit is used to collect a third voltage between the second pull-up module connected to the first installation slot and the first installation slot, and send the third voltage to the first control unit; The first control unit is used to collect a first voltage between a first voltage divider module connected to the first installation slot and a first pull-up module in the first slave battery management system, and determine whether the battery replacement system fails based on the first voltage and the third voltage.

4. A coding method, applied to the battery swapping system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the method comprising: Collecting, by a first control unit, a first voltage between a first voltage dividing module connected to the first installation slot and a first pull-up module in a first slave battery management system; The first control unit encodes the first slave battery management system based on the first voltage.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein: The encoding the first slave battery management system based on the first voltage includes: Determining a first preset range within which the first voltage is located; The first preset value corresponding to the first preset range is used as the encoding value of the first slave battery management system.

6. The method according to claim 4 or 5, further comprising: Collecting a second voltage between the installation slot and the second pull-up module by a second control unit; The second control unit determines whether a battery pack is installed in the installation slot based on the second voltage.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein: The determining whether the installation slot has a battery pack installed based on the second voltage includes: When the second voltage is within a second preset range, determining that a battery pack is installed in the installation slot; When the second voltage is within a third preset range, it is determined that no battery pack is installed in the installation slot, and a lower limit of the third preset range is greater than an upper limit of the second preset range.

8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, further comprising: collecting, by the second control unit, a third voltage between the second pull-up module connected to the first installation slot and the first installation slot, and sending the third voltage to the first control unit; The first control unit determines whether a fault occurs in the power exchange system based on the first voltage and the third voltage.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein: The determining whether the power exchange system fails based on the first voltage and the third voltage includes: When the first voltage is within the fourth preset range and the third voltage is within the second preset range, it is determined that a fault occurs in the battery exchange system.

10. The method according to claim 8 or 9, after collecting, by the second control unit, a third voltage between the second pull-up module connected to the first installation slot and the first installation slot, and sending the third voltage to the first control unit, the method further comprises: Determining, by the first control unit, that a short power failure occurs in the power exchange system when the first voltage is not greater than a first threshold value or greater than a second threshold value and the third voltage is within a second preset range; The first control unit determines that an open circuit fault occurs in the battery exchange system when the first voltage is in a fifth preset range and the third voltage is in the second preset range, the lower limit of the fifth preset range is greater than the first threshold, and the upper limit of the fifth preset range is not greater than the second threshold.

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