Combustion system, information processing device, information processing method, and information processing program

Abstract

The present invention provides a technology capable of accurately estimating a low heating value. A combustion system (100) comprises: a component ratio calculation unit (12) that calculates a component ratio of waste; a first heating value calculation unit (13) that calculates a first heating value for when the waste is incinerated, the first heating value being estimated from the component ratio of the waste; an input / output heat calculation unit (14) that calculates heat input and heat output of an incinerator; a second heating value calculation unit (15) that calculates a second heating value when the waste is incinerated, the second heating value being estimated from a heat balance between heat input and heat output of the incinerator; and a heating value estimation unit (16) that estimates a low heating value, which is a heating value when the waste is incinerated, such that the difference between the first heating value and the second heating value is less than or equal to a prescribed value.

Description

COMBUSTION SYSTEM, INFORMATION PROCESSING DEVICE, INFORMATION PROCESSING METHOD, AND INFORMATION PROCESSING PROGRAM

[0001] The present invention relates to a combustion system, an information processing device, an information processing method, and an information processing program.

[0002] Stable combustion of waste is essential for stable operation at waste treatment facilities, and automatic combustion control (ACC) is used to automatically control the grate speed and combustion air volume to ensure stable combustion.Since grate speed is related to the quality of the waste, it is important to understand the quality of the waste to be incinerated.

[0003] Patent Document 1 discloses a method for estimating the calorific value of waste, which is characterized by calculating the estimated calorific value of burning waste from the calculated calorific value, latent heat, and waste volume in a process of burning a predetermined amount of waste.

[0004] Patent Document 2 discloses a method for calculating the calculated calorific value of a combustible material based on the amount of heat generated by the reaction of carbon and hydrogen in the combustible material and the latent heat of moisture generated by the combustion process, and for calculating the calculated calorific value per unit supply of combustible material that has been combusted from the supply amount of the combustible material.

[0005] Patent Document 3 discloses a method for controlling the combustion of waste in a process of burning a predetermined amount of waste, in which the boiler evaporation amount is calculated based on the calculated calorific value of the waste, and the supply amounts of waste, combustion air, and fuel additives fed into the incinerator are controlled based on the boiler evaporation amount, thereby controlling the combustion in the incinerator.

[0006] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2017-026172 Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2018-124010 Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2017-096517

[0007] Information on waste quality (such as the lower heating value, apparent specific gravity, and composition ratio) that is important for the Automatic Combustion Control (ACC) cannot be continuously measured by sensors. For this reason, some ACC parameters must be entered manually. For example, apparent specific gravity must be entered manually, and this information is entered based on the operator's intuition, as described below.

[0008] Furthermore, the apparent specific gravity is set based on the combustion conditions inside the incinerator and the feel of operating the garbage crane, so it is changed as needed, but determining the extent and timing of the change is difficult for inexperienced workers, making it a task that depends on the individual.

[0009] Patent Documents 1 to 3 calculate the lower heating value using several different calculation methods, but apply empirical rules to parameters that are difficult to measure (such as the amount of waste incinerated and the amount of air leakage). They also disclose calculating the amount of waste supplied from images of the waste inside the hopper, but the number of times waste is thrown into the hopper is small, and the waste is compressed in the chute below the hopper, resulting in a discrepancy with the actual amount of waste supplied, which affects the estimation of the lower heating value. Therefore, whether the applied value is appropriate must be determined from the estimated lower heating value, which is the final product. This slows down response and leaves room for improvement in the accuracy of the lower heating value estimation.

[0010] One aspect of the present disclosure has been made in consideration of the above-described conventional problems, and aims to provide a technology that can accurately estimate low-level heating values.

[0011] In order to solve the above problems, a combustion system according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises a measurement value acquisition unit that acquires measurement values ​​measured by a plurality of measuring devices installed in a waste incineration facility; a component proportion calculation unit that calculates the component proportion of the waste based on the measurement values ​​measured by the plurality of measuring devices; a first heat generation amount calculation unit that calculates a first heat generation amount when the waste is incinerated, which is estimated from the component proportion of the waste; a heat input / output calculation unit that calculates the heat input to and the heat output from the incinerator based on the measurement values ​​measured by the plurality of measuring devices; a second heat generation amount calculation unit that calculates a second heat generation amount when the waste is incinerated, which is estimated from the heat balance between the initial heat generation and the heat output of the incinerator; and a heat generation amount estimation unit that estimates a lower heat generation amount, which is the heat generation amount when the waste is incinerated, so that the difference between the first heat generation amount and the second heat generation amount is not more than a predetermined value.

[0012] In order to solve the above problems, an information processing device according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises a measurement value acquisition unit that acquires measurement values ​​measured by a plurality of measuring devices installed in a waste incineration facility; a component proportion calculation unit that calculates the component proportion of the waste based on the measurement values ​​measured by the plurality of measuring devices; a first heat generation amount calculation unit that calculates a first heat generation amount when the waste is incinerated, which is estimated from the component proportion of the waste; a heat input / output calculation unit that calculates the heat input to and the heat output from the incinerator based on the measurement values ​​measured by the plurality of measuring devices; a second heat generation amount calculation unit that calculates a second heat generation amount when the waste is incinerated, which is estimated from the heat balance between the initial heat generation and the heat output of the incinerator; and a heat generation amount estimation unit that estimates a lower heat generation amount, which is the heat generation amount when the waste is incinerated, so that the difference between the first heat generation amount and the second heat generation amount is equal to or less than a predetermined value.

[0013] In addition, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, an information processing method according to one embodiment of the present invention includes the steps of acquiring measurement values ​​measured by a plurality of measuring devices installed in a waste incineration facility, calculating the component ratio of the waste based on the measurement values ​​measured by the plurality of measuring devices, calculating a first heat value when the waste is incinerated, which is estimated from the component ratio of the waste, calculating the heat input and heat output of the incinerator based on the measurement values ​​measured by the plurality of measuring devices, calculating a second heat value when the waste is incinerated, which is estimated from the heat balance between the initial heat input and the heat output of the incinerator, and estimating a lower heating value, which is the heat value when the waste is incinerated, so that the difference between the first heating value and the second heating value is equal to or less than a predetermined value.

[0014] In addition, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a program according to one aspect of the present invention causes a computer to perform the following processes: acquiring measurement values ​​measured by a plurality of measuring devices installed in a waste incineration facility; calculating the component ratio of the waste based on the measurement values ​​measured by the plurality of measuring devices; calculating a first heat value when the waste is incinerated, estimated from the component ratio of the waste; calculating the heat input and heat output of the incinerator based on the measurement values ​​measured by the plurality of measuring devices; calculating a second heat value when the waste is incinerated, estimated from the heat balance between the initial heat input and the heat output of the incinerator; and estimating a lower heating value, which is the heat value when the waste is incinerated, so that the difference between the first heating value and the second heating value is equal to or less than a predetermined value.

[0015] According to one aspect of the present invention, the lower heating value can be estimated with high accuracy.

[0016] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a waste incineration facility to which a combustion system according to a first embodiment of the present invention is applied. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of measurement values ​​measured by sensors installed in the waste incineration facility. FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of an information processing device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a method of calculating heat input and heat output in an incinerator. FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an example of the overall processing procedure of the information processing device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing an example of a method of updating estimated values ​​of the information processing device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of an information processing device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of an information processing device according to a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of an information processing device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] (Embodiment 1) <Configuration example of combustion system> Fig. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a waste incineration facility to which a combustion system according to one embodiment of the present invention is applied. Note that the case of a refuse incineration facility 100 will be described as an example of a waste incineration facility.

[0018] As shown in FIG. 1, the waste incineration facility 100 includes an input hopper 110, a dust feeder 120, a grate 130, an incinerator 140, a boiler 150, a superheater 160, a coal economizer 170, a cooling tower 180, a filter-type dust collector 190, and a chimney 200.

[0019] A garbage crane (not shown) or the like throws garbage into the input hopper 110. Inside the incinerator 140, a dust feeder 120, a fire grate 130, a forced draft fan 220, etc. are provided. The dust feeder 120 supplies the garbage thrown into the input hopper 110 to the fire grate 130 in sequence.

[0020] The grate 130 is equipped with a drying device 131, a combustion device 132, and a post-combustion device 133 in a stepped configuration, and the waste fed into the furnace is transported by the floor of the grate 130 moving back and forth. This transport speed of the waste will be referred to as the waste feed speed hereinafter.

[0021] The dryer 131 sends hot air (dry air) at room temperature to 200 degrees from under the grate 130 to dry the waste. The combustor 132 forcefully sends preheated combustion air from under the grate 130, incinerating the dried waste without consuming fuel. The post-combustion device 133 completely burns the small amount of remaining residue from the burned waste. The incineration ash after combustion is transported outside the incinerator. The ratio of the dry air from the dryer 131, the combustion air from the combustor 132, and the post-combustion air from the post-combustion device 133 is called the combustion air distribution balance.

[0022] The forced draft fan 220 is a fan that sends combustion air (dry air, combustion air, post-combustion air) from under the floor of the grate 130, and by using steam to heat the air before sending it into the incinerator 140, it is possible to burn waste efficiently and stably. The secondary fan 210 sends air into the secondary combustion chamber at the top of the incinerator 140.

[0023] The boiler 150 uses the heat of the exhaust gas generated by the incinerator 140 to create superheated steam. In addition to the main body, the boiler 150 is equipped with auxiliary devices called a superheater 160 and an economizer 170, and by recovering heat from exhaust gas of over 800 degrees Celsius in the order of the main body (water tube wall), superheater 160, and economizer 170, the temperature of the exhaust gas can be lowered to around 230 degrees Celsius. The superheated steam created here is used to power the turbine generator, preheat the combustion air for the incinerator 140, etc.

[0024] The temperature reducing tower 180 sprays atomized water onto the exhaust gas at approximately 230 degrees Celsius that has passed through the economizer 170, thereby lowering the temperature to approximately 180 degrees Celsius. By rapidly cooling the temperature of the exhaust gas to 200 degrees Celsius or less, the temperature reducing tower 180 not only prevents the recombination of dioxins, but also makes it possible to reduce the temperature to a level that can be processed by the filter of the filter-type dust collector 190.

[0025] The filter dust collector 190 removes dust (soot and particles contained in smoke) contained in the exhaust gas using a special filter made of glass fiber, and sends the purified exhaust gas to the chimney 200.

[0026] The boiler drum 230 separates the water from the superheated steam and sends the superheated steam to the superheater 160. The boiler drum 230 is also provided with a boiler blowdown device that discharges a portion of the boiler water to the outside to prevent the boiler water from concentrating.

[0027] The exhaust gas circulation blower 240 is a device that branches off a portion of the exhaust gas sent out from the filter dust collector 190 and blows it into the incinerator 140. The induced draft blower 250 is a device that guides the exhaust gas into the chimney 200. The white smoke prevention blower 260 is a device that mixes air that has been heated in a white smoke prevention air preheater (not shown) with the purified exhaust gas before it is discharged from the chimney 200, thereby diluting the moisture and increasing the temperature, making the white clouds transparent.

[0028] Although not shown in FIG. 1, a denitration facility may be provided to reduce the amount of nitrogen oxide emissions by reacting nitrogen oxides contained in the exhaust gas with ammonia to decompose them into nitrogen and water, making them harmless.

[0029] <Explanation of each sensor installed in the waste incineration facility> Sensors (measuring devices) 310 to 480 are a group of sensors installed in various parts of the waste incineration facility 100. The sensor 310 installed at the outlet of the secondary blower 210 measures the secondary air flow rate from the secondary blower 210.

[0030] A sensor 320 provided at the outlet of the forced draft fan 220 measures the temperature of the combustion air sent out from the forced draft fan 220. A sensor 330 provided between the forced draft fan 220 and the drying device 131 measures the dry air flow rate. A sensor 340 provided between the forced draft fan 220 and the combustion device 132 measures the combustion air flow rate. A sensor 350 provided between the forced draft fan 220 and the post-combustion device 133 measures the post-combustion air flow rate.

[0031] A sensor 360 installed inside the incinerator 140 measures the in-furnace spray water flow rate. A sensor 370 measures the secondary air temperature (air temperature). A sensor 380 installed at the inlet of the exhaust gas circulation blower 240 measures the exhaust gas circulation air flow rate.

[0032] If a denitration system is provided, a sensor 390 provided near the system measures the flow rate of ammonia gas, or the flow rate of urea water and the flow rate of diluted urea water. A sensor 400 provided at the outlet of the boiler drum 230 measures the flow rate of boiler blowdown water.

[0033] A sensor 410 provided in the superheater 160 measures the boiler main steam flow rate, boiler main steam pressure, and boiler main steam temperature. A sensor 420 provided in the economizer 170 measures the boiler feedwater temperature. A sensor 430 provided at the outlet of the economizer 170 measures the economizer outlet exhaust gas temperature.

[0034] A sensor 440 provided in the temperature reducing tower 180 measures the temperature reducing tower spray air flow rate and the temperature reducing tower spray water flow rate. A sensor 450 provided at the outlet of the filter type dust collector 190 measures the exhaust gas O ２ Concentration (wet), exhaust gas O ２ Concentration (dry), exhaust gas H ２ O concentration and exhaust gas CO ２ Concentration (filter dust collector output exhaust gas O ２Concentration, filter dust collector output exhaust gas H ２ O concentration, filter dust collector output exhaust gas CO ２ Measure the concentration.

[0035] In addition, exhaust gas O ２ Concentration (wet) is the concentration of exhaust gas containing moisture. ２ concentration, and exhaust gas O ２ The concentration (dry) is the amount of exhaust gas O ２ The sensor 450 detects the concentration of the exhaust gas H ２ O concentration or exhaust gas CO ２ If the concentration is measured, the exhaust gas O ２ Concentration (wet) or exhaust gas O ２ The sensor 450 can measure either the concentration (dry) of the exhaust gas O ２ Concentration (wet) and exhaust gas O ２ If both the concentration (dry) and the exhaust gas H ２ O concentration and exhaust gas CO ２ No concentration measurement is required.

[0036] The sensor 460 installed at the entrance of the chimney 200 detects the amount of exhaust gas O ２ Concentration (wet), exhaust gas O ２ Concentration (dry), exhaust gas H ２ O concentration and exhaust gas CO ２ Concentration (stack inlet flue gas O ２ Concentration, stack inlet flue gas H ２ O concentration, flue gas CO at the chimney inlet ２ A sensor 470 provided at the outlet of the white plume prevention blower 260 measures the white plume prevention air flow rate. A sensor 480 provided inside the chimney 200 measures the chimney inlet flue gas flow rate.

[0037] Figure 2 is a diagram showing a list of various measurement values ​​measured by sensors 310 to 480, and summarizes the above description. Note that Figure 2 does not show the measurement values ​​measured by sensor 450 installed at the outlet of filter-type dust collector 190, but it is assumed that the same measurement values ​​are measured by sensor 460 installed at the inlet of chimney 200.

[0038] 3 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the information processing device 1 according to this embodiment. The information processing device 1 includes a measurement value acquisition unit 11, a component ratio calculation unit 12, a first heat generation amount calculation unit 13, a heat input / output calculation unit 14, a second heat generation amount calculation unit 15, a heat generation amount estimation unit 16, a specific gravity calculation unit 17, a display unit 18, and a control unit 19.

[0039] The measurement value acquisition unit 11 acquires various measurement values ​​from the various sensors 310 to 480 shown in Fig. 1 and outputs them to the component proportion calculation unit 12 and the heat input / output calculation unit 14. The component proportion calculation unit 12 calculates the component proportions of the waste using the various measurement values ​​from the various sensors 310 to 480. A method for calculating the component proportions of the waste will be described below.

[0040] Note that this calculation method is based on the following four assumptions. However, any of these assumptions may be changed or deleted, or other assumptions may be added. (Assumption a) Combustible matter in waste consists of hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen (nitrogen, sulfur, and chlorine are present in trace amounts and can be ignored). (Assumption b) Urea and ammonia used for denitrification can be ignored. (Assumption c) Air consists only of nitrogen and oxygen (moisture can be ignored). (Assumption d) Exhaust gas consists only of nitrogen, oxygen, moisture, and carbon dioxide.

[0041] <Calculation method of waste component ratio, calculation method of lower heating value A (first heating value) based on waste component ratio> The moisture concentration of the exhaust gas is calculated by the filtration type dust collector output exhaust gas O ２ Concentration and stack inlet flue gas O ２ The concentration can be calculated using the following formula (Formula 1): ２ The concentration is the amount of exhaust gas containing moisture. ２ concentration (wet), and the stack inlet flue gas O ２ The concentration is the same as that of the exhaust gas O ２ Concentration (dry).

[0042]

[0043] The nitrogen concentration of the exhaust gas can be calculated from the nitrogen concentration in the atmosphere, the sum of the measured air volumes, the leakage air volume, and the stack inlet exhaust gas flow rate (sensor 480) using the following formula (Formula 2). Note that the nitrogen concentration in the atmosphere is a constant value, and the sum of the measured air volumes is the sum of the air flow rates measured at the waste incineration facility. The leakage air volume is the flow rate of air that has leaked into the incinerator 140 from the outside. Since this leakage air volume cannot be measured, it is determined by performing an optimization calculation while changing the leakage air volume within a predetermined range, as described below.

[0044]

[0045] The carbon dioxide concentration of the exhaust gas is calculated by the filter dust collector output exhaust gas O ２ It can be calculated from the concentration (sensor 450), the water concentration (Equation 1), and the nitrogen concentration (Equation 2) using the following equation (Equation 3).

[0046] Carbon dioxide concentration = 1 - (filter dust collector output exhaust gas O ２ concentration + moisture concentration + nitrogen concentration) ... (Equation 3) The air ratio is the ratio of the oxygen concentration in the atmosphere to the O2 concentration in the flue gas at the chimney entrance. ２ The nitrogen concentration in the atmosphere is a constant value.

[0047]

[0048] Theoretical air volume per kg of waste [km ３ The combustion primary air flow rate [N / kg] can be calculated from the combustion primary air flow rate, combustion secondary air flow rate, leakage air amount, air ratio (Equation 4), and incineration amount using the following equation (Equation 5). The combustion primary air flow rate is the total air flow rate of the dry air flow rate, combustion air flow rate, and post-combustion air flow rate. The combustion secondary air flow rate is the secondary air flow rate from the secondary blower 210. The leakage air amount is the amount of air that leaks into the incinerator 140 and cannot be measured by a sensor.

[0049]

[0050] Theoretical oxygen content per kg of waste [km ３The theoretical air volume (Equation 5) and the oxygen concentration in the atmosphere can be calculated using the following equation (Equation 6), where the oxygen concentration in the atmosphere is a constant value.

[0051] Theoretical oxygen amount = theoretical air amount × oxygen concentration in the atmosphere (Equation 6) The moisture percentage of waste is correlated with the theoretical oxygen amount (Equation 6), and a coefficient can be found by simple regression analysis. The following equation (Equation 7) is used to find the moisture percentage from the theoretical oxygen amount using the coefficient found by simple regression analysis, but the coefficients are not limited to these.

[0052] Moisture percentage = -0.404 × theoretical oxygen content + 0.686 (Equation 7) The carbon percentage of waste is calculated by multiplying the atomic weight of carbon by the carbon dioxide concentration in the exhaust gas (exhaust gas CO ２ The incineration amount can be calculated using the following equation (Equation 8) from the concentration (sensor 450), the chimney inlet exhaust gas flow rate (sensor 480), the volume of an ideal gas, and the amount of waste incinerated. The volume of an ideal gas is a constant value. Furthermore, the amount of waste incinerated cannot be measured by a sensor and is generally substituted by a moving average of several hours of the amount of waste put in by the waste crane. However, there is an issue that the time to calculate this is low because the waste put in from the input hopper also remains in the furnace for several hours. Therefore, this amount of waste incineration is determined by performing optimization calculations while changing the amount of waste incinerated within a specified range, as described below.

[0053]

[0054] The hydrogen percentage of the waste can be calculated using the following formula (Formula 9) from the molecular weight of hydrogen, the moisture concentration of the exhaust gas (sensor 450), the stack inlet exhaust gas flow rate (sensor 480), the volume of an ideal gas, the amount of waste incinerated, the moisture percentage of the waste (Formula 7), and the amount of moisture other than the waste.As mentioned above, the amount of waste incinerated cannot be measured.

[0055]

[0056] The oxygen percentage of the waste can be calculated using the following formula (Formula 10) from the molecular weight of oxygen, the oxygen concentration of the exhaust gas (sensor 450), the carbon dioxide concentration of the exhaust gas (sensor 450), the volume of an ideal gas, the amount of waste incinerated, the atomic weight of oxygen, the moisture concentration of the exhaust gas (sensor 450), the flue gas flow rate at the chimney inlet (sensor 480), the moisture percentage of the waste (Formula 7), the amount of moisture other than the waste, the molecular weight of water, the oxygen concentration in the atmosphere, the combustion air flow rate (sensor 340), and the amount of leaked air.

[0057]

[0058] The ash content of waste can be calculated from the moisture content (Equation 7), carbon content (Equation 8), hydrogen content, and oxygen content using the following equation (Equation 11).

[0059] Ash percentage = 1 - (moisture percentage + carbon percentage + hydrogen percentage + oxygen percentage) ... (Equation 11) The first calorific value calculation unit 13 calculates the lower calorific value A (first calorific value) based on the component percentage of the waste using the following equation (Equation 12) from the moisture percentage (Equation 7), carbon percentage (Equation 8), hydrogen percentage (Equation 9), and oxygen percentage (Equation 10) calculated using (Equations 1) to (Equation 11).

[0060] Lower heating value A = 33.94 x carbon percentage + 143.51 x hydrogen percentage - 17.94 x oxygen percentage - 2.5 x (9 x hydrogen percentage + moisture percentage) ... (Equation 12) The first heating value calculation unit 13 outputs the lower heating value A calculated using the calculation formula described above to the heating value estimation unit 16.

[0061] <Method of calculating lower heating value B (second heating value) based on heat balance of heat input and heat output of incinerator> The heat input / output calculation unit 14 calculates the heat input and heat output of the incinerator 140 using various measurement values ​​from the various sensors 310 to 480.

[0062] 4 is a diagram for explaining a method for calculating the heat input and heat output of the incinerator 140. The heat balance is calculated so that the heat input of the incinerator 140 and the heat output of the incinerator 140 are the same.

[0063] The heat input is the sum of the heat of combustion of the waste (Qi1), the sensible heat of the waste (Qi2), the heat brought in by the combustion air (Qi3), the heat brought in by the secondary combustion air (Qi4), the heat brought in by the auxiliary / re-burning burner (Qi5), the heat brought in by the auxiliary / re-burning burner air (Qi6), and the heat brought in by the leakage air (Qi7).

[0064] In this embodiment, the heat input to the incinerator 140 is calculated without using the heat amount brought in by the auxiliary / reburning burner (Qi5) and the heat amount brought in by the auxiliary / reburning burner air (Qi6), so these values ​​are set to 0.

[0065] The heat output is the sum of the boiler absorbed heat (Qo1), the boiler outlet exhaust gas heat (Qo2), the residue heat (Qo3), the boiler blowdown loss heat (Qo4), the unburned carbon heat (Qo5), the boiler heat radiation (Qo6), the dust heat (Qo7), the furnace body heat radiation (Qo8), the latent heat of vaporization of water sprayed in the furnace (Qo9), and the latent heat of vaporization of urea water (Qo10).

[0066] The calorific value of combustion of waste (Qi1) [kJ / h] can be calculated from the lower heating value B and the amount of waste incinerated using the following formula (Formula 13): Here, the lower heating value B is calculated from the heat balance between the heat input to the incinerator 140 and the heat output from the incinerator 140, as described below. Furthermore, since the amount of waste incinerated cannot be measured, this amount is determined by performing optimization calculations while changing the amount of waste incinerated within a predetermined range, as described below.

[0067] Combustion heat Qi1 = Lower heating value B × Incineration amount (Equation 13) The sensible heat of waste (Qi2) [kJ / h] can be calculated using the following equation (Equation 14) from the sensible heat per unit weight and the amount of waste incinerated.

[0068] Sensible heat Qi2 = sensible heat per unit weight × incineration amount (Equation 14) The amount of heat brought in by the combustion air (Qi3) [kJ / h] can be calculated from the combustion air flow rate (sensor 340), the combustion air temperature (sensor 320), and the combustion air constant pressure specific heat using the following equation (Equation 15). Note that the combustion air constant pressure specific heat is a constant value.

[0069] Combustion air carryover heat quantity Qi3 = combustion air flow rate × combustion air temperature × combustion air constant pressure specific heat (Equation 15) The secondary combustion air carryover heat quantity (Qi4) [kJ / h] can be calculated from the secondary air flow rate (sensor 310), air temperature (sensor 370), and secondary air constant pressure specific heat using the following equation (Equation 16): Note that the secondary air constant pressure specific heat is a constant value.

[0070] Amount of heat carried over from secondary combustion air Qi4 = Secondary air flow rate × Air temperature × Secondary air constant pressure specific heat (Equation 16) The amount of heat carried over from leakage air (Qi7) [kJ / h] can be calculated from the amount of waste incinerated, the air temperature (sensor 370), and the leakage air constant pressure specific heat using the following equation (Equation 17). Note that the leakage air constant pressure specific heat is a constant value.

[0071]

[0072] The boiler absorption heat quantity (Qo1) [kJ / h] can be calculated from the boiler main steam flow rate (sensor 410), the boiler main steam enthalpy, and the boiler feedwater temperature (sensor 420) using the following formula (formula 18): Furthermore, the boiler main steam enthalpy can be calculated from the boiler main steam pressure (sensor 410) and the boiler main steam temperature (sensor 410) using the following formula (formula 19):

[0073] Boiler absorption heat quantity Qo1 = boiler main steam flow rate × (boiler main steam enthalpy - 4.1868 × boiler feedwater temperature) (Equation 18) Boiler main steam enthalpy = -18.15 × boiler main steam pressure + 2.47 × boiler main steam temperature + 2298.87 (Equation 19) The boiler output exhaust gas take-out heat quantity (Qo2) [kJ / h] can be calculated from the boiler output exhaust gas flow rate (sensor 430), the exhaust gas temperature at the cooler tower inlet (sensor 430), and the exhaust gas constant pressure specific heat using the following equation (Equation 20). Note that the boiler output exhaust gas flow rate is assumed to be measured by sensor 430, and the exhaust gas constant pressure specific heat is a constant value.

[0074] Boiler output exhaust gas export heat quantity Qo2 = boiler output exhaust gas flow rate × exhaust gas temperature at cooling tower inlet × exhaust gas constant pressure specific heat (Equation 20) The residue export heat quantity (Qo3) [kJ / h] can be calculated from the amount of waste incinerated using the following equation (Equation 21).

[0075]

[0076] The boiler blowdown heat loss (Qo4) [kJ / h] can be calculated from the boiler blowdown water flow rate (sensor 400) and the boiler feedwater temperature (sensor 420) using the following equation (Equation 22).

[0077] Boiler blowdown heat loss Qo4 = boiler blowdown water flow rate × (1190.8 - 4.1868 × boiler feedwater temperature) (Equation 22) The unburned carbon take-out heat (Qo5) [kJ / h] can be calculated from the amount of waste incinerated using the following equation (Equation 23).

[0078]

[0079] The boiler heat radiation amount (Qo6) [kJ / h] can be calculated from the boiler absorption heat amount (Qo1) and the boiler heat radiation loss ratio using the following formula (Formula 24). Note that the boiler heat radiation loss ratio is a constant value.

[0080]

[0081] The amount of heat taken out by dust (Qo7) [kJ / h] can be calculated from the amount of waste incinerated using the following formula (Formula 25).

[0082] Dust carry-out heat quantity Qo7 = 0.837 × incineration amount × 0.099 × 0.18 (Equation 25) The furnace body heat radiation quantity (Qo8) [kJ / h] can be calculated from the amount of waste incinerated, the lower heating value B, and the furnace heat radiation loss ratio using the following equation (Equation 26). Note that the furnace heat radiation loss ratio is a constant value.

[0083]

[0084] The latent heat of vaporization of the in-furnace spray water (Qo9) [kJ / h] can be calculated from the in-furnace spray water flow rate (sensor 360) using the following equation (Equation 27).

[0085] Latent heat of evaporation of water sprayed in furnace Qo9 = flow rate of water sprayed in furnace × 2510 (Equation 27) The latent heat of evaporation of urea water (Qo10) [kJ / h] can be calculated from the urea water dilution water flow rate (sensor 390) and the urea water flow rate (sensor 390) using the following equation (Equation 28).

[0086] 28) As described above, the heat balance is calculated so that the heat input to and the heat output from the incinerator 140 are the same, and therefore the lower heating value B [MJ / kg] can be derived using (Equation 13) to (Equation 28) as shown in the following equation (Equation 29). The second heating value calculation unit 15 calculates the lower heating value B using the following equation (Equation 29), and outputs the calculated lower heating value B to the heating value estimation unit 16.

[0087]

[0088] <Method for estimating lower heating value of incinerator> The heat value estimation unit 16 uses the difference between the lower heating value A calculated by the first heat value calculation unit 13 and the lower heating value B calculated by the second heat value calculation unit 15 as an error function, and performs optimization calculations so that the error function is equal to or smaller than an allowable error (predetermined value). The error function is as shown in the following equation (Equation 30).

[0089]

[0090] Here, the calorific value estimation unit 16 estimates the lower calorific value of the incinerator by performing optimization calculations while changing the amount of waste incinerated and the amount of leaked air, which cannot be measured by sensors, within a predetermined range, as shown in the following equation (Equation 31). Note that in this embodiment, the lower calorific value is estimated using optimization calculations, but the lower calorific value may also be estimated using machine learning, a database, or the like.

[0091] 2000≦incineration amount≦4000, 0.3≦leakage air amount≦2.0 (Equation 31) Furthermore, when the calorific value estimation unit 16 estimates the lower calorific value, a constraint is added so that it falls within a range that can be expected in the plant to which the calorific value is applied. The calorific value estimation unit 16 may perform optimization calculations by adding a constraint so that the ash percentage falls within a predetermined range, as shown in the following equation (Equation 32). Note that the range of the incineration amount is determined by the rated processing capacity of the plant, so the upper and lower limit values ​​vary depending on the plant to which the calculation is applied. Similarly, the upper and lower limit values ​​for the range of leakage air amount vary depending on the plant to which the calculation is applied.

[0092] 0.01≦ash content≦0.10 (Equation 32) The calorific value estimation unit 16 determines whether the error function shown in (Equation 30) is within the allowable range (10 －４ ) or less, the lower heating value A, the lower heating value B, the incineration amount, and the leakage air amount are determined as their final values. Then, the heat value estimation unit 16 may, for example, determine the average value of the lower heating value A and the lower heating value B as the final lower heating value. Alternatively, the heat value estimation unit 16 may calculate a weighted average of the lower heating value A and the lower heating value B, and determine the calculated value as the final lower heating value.

[0093] There is a correlation between the lower heating value and the apparent specific gravity of the waste. The specific gravity calculation unit 17 uses this correlation to calculate the apparent specific gravity [t / m ３ The apparent specific gravity of the waste is calculated using the following formula (Formula 33):

[0094] Apparent specific gravity = α × lower heating value + β (Equation 33) For example, α is -0.03 and β is 0.6. These coefficients vary depending on factors such as the type of waste and region, so they can be determined based on a relational expression obtained from the plant's past operating data.

[0095] The display unit 18 is configured, for example, with a liquid crystal display or the like, and displays values ​​such as the lower heating value estimated by the heating value estimation unit 16, the apparent specific gravity of the waste calculated by the specific gravity calculation unit 17, the amount of waste incinerated per unit time (the rate at which waste is incinerated), the composition ratio of the waste, the amount of air leakage, etc. By referring to the various data displayed on the display unit 18, the operator of the waste incineration facility can change the waste feed rate in the incinerator 140 (grate 130), the amount of waste supplied to the incinerator 140, the amount of combustion air supplied, etc.

[0096] The control unit 19 controls the waste feed speed in the incinerator 140 (grate 130), the amount of waste supplied to the incinerator 140, the amount of combustion air supplied, the distribution balance of combustion air, etc., in accordance with the apparent specific gravity of the waste calculated by the specific gravity calculation unit 17. For example, when the apparent specific gravity of the waste is smaller than the average specific gravity of the waste (when there is a lot of light waste such as plastic waste and paper waste), the control unit 19 performs control such as increasing the waste feed speed in the grate 130, increasing the amount of waste supplied to the incinerator 140, and reducing the amount of combustion air supplied. Conversely, when the apparent specific gravity of the waste is larger than the average specific gravity of the waste (when there is a lot of heavy waste such as wet food waste and metal waste), the control unit 19 performs control such as slowing the waste feed speed in the grate 130, reducing the amount of waste supplied to the incinerator 140, and increasing the amount of combustion air supplied.

[0097] 5 is a flowchart showing an example of the overall processing procedure of the information processing device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. This processing procedure S1 includes steps S11 to S22. First, the measurement value acquisition unit 11 acquires measurement values ​​(operation data) from various sensors 310 to 480 installed in the waste incineration facility (S11).

[0098] Next, the heat generation amount estimating unit 16 estimates the amount of waste incinerated and the amount of leakage air (S12) and sets these in the first heat generation amount calculating unit 13 and the second heat generation amount calculating unit 15. At this time, the heat generation amount estimating unit 16 estimates the amount of waste incinerated and the amount of leakage air within the range of the above-mentioned (Equation 31).

[0099] Next, the component ratio calculation unit 12 refers to the measurement values ​​acquired by the measurement value acquisition unit 11 and calculates the exhaust gas components and the air ratio using the above-mentioned (Equations 1) to (Equations 4) (S13). ２ O concentration and exhaust gas CO ２ If the concentration is measured, that value may be used.

[0100] Next, the component ratio calculation unit 12 calculates the theoretical air volume and the theoretical oxygen volume using the above-mentioned (Equation 5) to (Equation 6) (S14).The component ratio calculation unit 12 then calculates the moisture percentage of the waste using the above-mentioned (Equation 7) (S15).The component ratio calculation unit 12 then calculates the component ratio of the waste using the above-mentioned (Equation 8) to (Equation 11) (S16).

[0101] Next, the first calorific value calculation unit 13 calculates the lower calorific value A from the component ratios of the waste (carbon ratio, hydrogen ratio, oxygen ratio, moisture ratio) using the above-mentioned (Equation 12) (S17).

[0102] Next, the heat input / output calculation unit 14 calculates the heat input and heat output of the incinerator 140 using the above-mentioned (Equations 13) to (Equation 28) (S18). Then, the second heat generation amount calculation unit 15 calculates the heat balance using (Equation 29) so that the heat input and heat output of the incinerator 140 are the same, and calculates the lower heating value B (S19).

[0103] The heat generation amount estimation unit 16 calculates the difference (error function) between the lower heating value A calculated by the first heating value calculation unit 13 and the lower heating value B calculated by the second heating value calculation unit 15 using the above-mentioned (Equation 30). Then, the heat generation amount estimation unit 16 determines whether the difference between the lower heating value A and the lower heating value B is within the range of the allowable error (predetermined value) (S20).

[0104] If the difference between the lower heating value A and the lower heating value B is outside the allowable error range (S20, No), the process returns to step S12 and repeats the subsequent steps. That is, the heat value estimation unit 16 changes the amount of waste incinerated and the amount of leakage air within the predetermined ranges shown in (Equation 31) (S12), and repeats the processes from step S13 onwards.

[0105] If the difference between the lower heating value A and the lower heating value B is within the allowable error range (S20, Yes), the heating value estimation unit 16 determines the lower heating value A, the lower heating value B, the incineration amount, and the leakage air amount at that time as the final values ​​(S21). The final lower heating value is calculated from the lower heating value A and the lower heating value B determined as described above.

[0106] Finally, the specific gravity calculation unit 17 calculates the apparent specific gravity of the waste using Equation 33 (S22), and the process ends. The display unit 18 may display values ​​such as the lower heating value, the apparent specific gravity of the waste, the amount of waste incinerated per unit time (the rate at which waste is incinerated), the composition ratio of the waste, and the amount of air leakage. The control unit 19 may also control the waste feed rate in the grate 130, the amount of waste supplied to the incinerator 140, the amount of combustion air supplied, and the like.

[0107] Fig. 6 is a flowchart showing an example of a method for updating an estimated value in the information processing device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 6 shows a processing procedure for updating the apparent specific gravity of the waste, and the same steps as those in the processing procedure of the flowchart shown in Fig. 5 are assigned the same step numbers.

[0108] First, the measurement value acquisition unit 11 acquires measurement values ​​(operation data) from the various sensors 310 to 480 installed in the waste incineration facility (S11). Then, a moving average processing time (several tens of minutes to one hour) is set (S31). This moving average processing time is the time required for the incinerator 140 to incinerate waste, and is set to, for example, 15 minutes. This moving average processing time is an example and is not limited to this.

[0109] Next, the same processes as steps S12 to S22 in the flowchart shown in Fig. 5 are performed. Then, the specific gravity calculation unit 17 obtains an estimated value of the current apparent specific gravity (S32), and obtains an estimated value of the apparent specific gravity five minutes ago (S33). Then, the specific gravity calculation unit 17 determines whether the difference between the estimated value of the current apparent specific gravity and the estimated value of the apparent specific gravity five minutes ago is within 0.01 (S34).

[0110] If the difference between the current apparent specific gravity estimate and the apparent specific gravity estimate from 5 minutes ago is within 0.01 (S34, Yes), the specific gravity calculation unit 17 updates the apparent specific gravity to the current apparent specific gravity estimate (S35).

[0111] Furthermore, if the difference between the current estimated apparent specific gravity and the estimated apparent specific gravity five minutes prior is greater than 0.01 (S34, No) and the difference is +0.02 or greater, the specific gravity calculation unit 17 adds 0.01 to the estimated apparent specific gravity five minutes prior. If the difference is -0.02 or less, the specific gravity calculation unit 17 subtracts 0.01 from the estimated apparent specific gravity five minutes prior (S36). This process is intended to prevent abrupt changes in the apparent specific gravity of waste, since abrupt changes in the apparent specific gravity of waste make it difficult to control the equipment at the waste incineration facility. Other methods of avoiding sudden changes include lengthening the time span of the moving average value of the operational data or incorporating a first-order lag element into the estimated value. The apparent specific gravity of waste [t / m ３ ] is, for example, a value in the range of 0.15 to 0.4.

[0112] <Effects of the Information Processing Device 1 According to the Present Embodiment> As described above, according to the information processing device 1 according to the present embodiment, the heat generation amount estimator 16 estimates the lower heat generation amount, which is the amount of heat generated when the waste (garbage) is incinerated, so that the difference between the first heat generation amount (lower heat generation amount A) and the second heat generation amount (lower heat generation amount B) is equal to or less than a predetermined value. Therefore, the lower heat generation amount can be estimated with high accuracy. Furthermore, since the lower heat generation amount can be estimated in real time, a faster response can be achieved, such as changing the garbage transport speed.

[0113] Furthermore, the calorific value estimation unit 16 causes the first calorific value calculation unit 13 and the second calorific value calculation unit 15 to calculate the first calorific value and the second calorific value while changing the amount of waste incinerated and the amount of leaked air within a predetermined range, and estimates the lower calorific value so that the difference is equal to or less than a predetermined value. Therefore, the lower calorific value can be estimated using the amount of waste incinerated and the amount of leaked air, which cannot be measured, and the lower calorific value can be estimated more accurately.

[0114] Furthermore, the calorific value estimation unit 16 estimates the lower calorific value so that the ash percentage falls within a predetermined range. Therefore, the calorific value estimation unit 16 can prevent the lower calorific value from being estimated from the first calorific value calculated using the component ratio of the waste when the ash percentage is incorrect, and can estimate the lower calorific value with even greater accuracy.

[0115] Furthermore, the specific gravity calculation unit 17 calculates the apparent specific gravity of the waste based on the lower heating value, which makes it possible to easily carry out automatic combustion control.

[0116] The display unit 18 also displays at least one of the lower heating value and the apparent specific gravity of the waste, so that the operator of the incinerator 140 can easily grasp this information.

[0117] Furthermore, based on at least the apparent specific gravity, the control unit 19 controls at least one of the waste feed rate in the incinerator 140, the amount of waste supplied to the incinerator 140, and the amount of combustion air supplied to the incinerator 140. This reduces the number of operations that the incinerator operator must perform.

[0118] 7 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of an information processing device 1A according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The only difference compared to the information processing device 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 3 is that a machine learning unit 20A is added. Therefore, detailed description of overlapping configurations and functions will not be repeated.

[0119] The machine learning unit 20A acquires the various measurement values ​​(operational data) of the various sensors 310-480 output from the measurement value acquisition unit 11, the component ratio of the waste calculated by the component ratio calculation unit 12, the lower heating value estimated by the heat value estimation unit 16, the amount of leakage air, the amount of waste incinerated (incineration rate), and the apparent specific gravity of the waste calculated by the specific gravity calculation unit 17, and trains the learning model. For example, the learning model receives the various measurement values ​​(operational data) as input and learns to output the component ratio of the waste, the lower heating value, the amount of leakage air, the amount of waste incinerated (incineration rate), and the apparent specific gravity of the waste.

[0120] For example, when the machine learning unit 20A performs learning while the combustion system 100 is operating, the control unit 19 controls the waste feed rate in the incinerator 140 (grate 130), the amount of waste supplied to the incinerator 140, the amount of combustion air supplied, the distribution balance of combustion air, etc., based on the apparent specific gravity of the waste, the amount of leakage air, and the amount of waste incinerated (incineration rate) calculated by the specific gravity calculation unit 17. At this time, the learning model performs learning using various current measurement values ​​(operational data), the current waste component ratio, lower heating value, amount of leakage air, the amount of waste incinerated (incineration rate), and the apparent specific gravity of the waste as training data. Hereinafter, the waste component ratio, lower heating value, and apparent specific gravity will be referred to as waste quality.

[0121] When the learning model has been sufficiently trained, the machine learning unit 20A can construct a model that estimates the waste quality, leakage air volume, and incineration rate through the above-described machine learning. The machine learning unit 20A can estimate the current waste quality, leakage air volume, and incineration rate by inputting current operating data output from the measurement value acquisition unit 11 into the trained model online. The control unit 19 uses these values ​​estimated by the machine learning unit 20A to control the waste feed rate in the incinerator 140 (grate 130), the amount of waste supplied to the incinerator 140, the amount of combustion air supplied, the distribution balance of the combustion air, etc.

[0122] In addition, while the combustion system 100 is operating, information such as various measurement values ​​(operating data) may be stored in the memory unit, and after a predetermined amount of information has been accumulated in the memory unit, the machine learning unit 20A may train the learning model.

[0123] Furthermore, if there are other waste treatment facilities with similar size and operating tendencies, information such as operating data of those facilities can also be used for learning, or a model obtained from a waste treatment facility with similar operating tendencies can be stored in advance in the memory unit.

[0124] As described above, in the information processing device 1A according to this embodiment, the machine learning unit 20A inputs various measurement values ​​(operational data) and causes the learning model to learn so as to output the waste component ratio, low heating value, amount of air leakage, amount of waste incinerated (incineration rate), and apparent specific gravity of the waste. Therefore, the information processing device 1A can estimate information such as the current waste quality simply by inputting the current operational data output from the measurement value acquisition unit 11 into the learned model.

[0125] 8 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of an information processing device 1B according to a third embodiment of the present invention. The only difference compared to the information processing device 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 3 is that a machine learning unit 20B and a storage unit 21B are added. Therefore, detailed descriptions of overlapping configurations and functions will not be repeated.

[0126] The storage unit 21B acquires various measurement values ​​(operation data) of the various sensors 310 to 480 output from the measurement value acquisition unit 11 and stores them in chronological order. For example, the storage unit 21B acquires various measurement values ​​(operation data) from the measurement value acquisition unit 11 and stores them together with the date and time of the acquisition.

[0127] When a predetermined amount or more of various measurement values ​​(operating data) are accumulated in the memory unit 21B, the machine learning unit 20B refers to the information stored in the memory unit 21B and, for example, inputs the various measurement values ​​(operating data) and causes the learning model to learn so as to output the various measurement values ​​(operating data) several minutes later.

[0128] For example, when the machine learning unit 20B performs learning while the combustion system 100 is operating, the control unit 19 controls the waste feed speed in the incinerator 140 (grate 130), the amount of waste supplied to the incinerator 140, the amount of combustion air supplied, the distribution balance of the combustion air, etc., according to the apparent specific gravity of the waste, the amount of leakage air, and the amount of waste incinerated (incineration pace) calculated by the specific gravity calculation unit 17. At this time, the learning model refers to the information stored in the memory unit 21B and performs learning using various measurement values ​​(operational data) from several minutes ago and various current measurement values ​​(operational data) as training data.

[0129] When the learning model has been sufficiently learned, the machine learning unit 20B can construct a model that estimates various measurement values ​​(driving data) several minutes from now through the above-mentioned machine learning. The machine learning unit 20B can estimate various measurement values ​​(driving data) several minutes from now by inputting current driving data output from the measurement value acquisition unit 11 into the learned model online.

[0130] The control unit 19 outputs various measurement values ​​(operating data) estimated by the machine learning unit 20B after several minutes to the component ratio calculation unit 12 and the input / output heat calculation unit 14, and the information processing device 1B calculates the component ratio of the waste after several minutes, the low heating value, the amount of leaked air, the amount of waste incinerated (incineration pace), and the apparent specific gravity of the waste.

[0131] If there are other waste treatment facilities with similar size and operating tendencies, information such as operating data of those facilities may also be used for learning, or a model obtained from a waste treatment facility with similar operating tendencies may be stored in advance in the memory unit.

[0132] As described above, in the information processing device 1B according to this embodiment, the machine learning unit 20B inputs various measurement values ​​(operational data) and causes the learning model to learn so as to output various measurement values ​​(operational data) several minutes later. Therefore, the information processing device 1B can calculate the component ratio of the waste several minutes later, the low heating value, the amount of air leakage, the amount of waste incinerated (incineration rate), and the apparent specific gravity of the waste.

[0133] 9 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of an information processing device 1C according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. The only difference compared to the information processing device 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 3 is that a machine learning unit 20C and a storage unit 21C are added. Therefore, detailed descriptions of overlapping configurations and functions will not be repeated.

[0134] The memory unit 21C acquires and stores in chronological order the various measurement values ​​(operational data) of the various sensors 310-480 output from the measurement value acquisition unit 11, the component ratio of the waste calculated by the component ratio calculation unit 12, the lower heating value estimated by the heat value estimation unit 16, the amount of leakage air, the amount of waste incinerated (incineration rate), and the apparent specific gravity of the waste calculated by the specific gravity calculation unit 17. For example, the memory unit 21C acquires the various measurement values ​​(operational data), the component ratio of the waste, the lower heating value, the amount of leakage air, the amount of waste incinerated (incineration rate), and the apparent specific gravity of the waste, and stores them together with the date and time of the acquisition.

[0135] When a predetermined amount of information or more has been accumulated in the memory unit 21C, the machine learning unit 20C refers to the information stored in the memory unit 21C, and, for example, inputs various measurement values ​​(operating data), and causes the learning model to learn to output the composition ratio of the waste, the low heating value, the amount of leaked air, the amount of waste incinerated (incineration rate), and the apparent specific gravity of the waste several minutes later.

[0136] For example, when the machine learning unit 20C performs learning while the combustion system 100 is operating, the control unit 19 controls the waste feed rate in the incinerator 140 (grate 130), the amount of waste supplied to the incinerator 140, the amount of combustion air supplied, the distribution balance of the combustion air, etc., according to the apparent specific gravity of the waste, the amount of leakage air, and the amount of waste incinerated (incineration rate) calculated by the specific gravity calculation unit 17. At this time, the learning model refers to information stored in the memory unit 21C and performs learning using various measurement values ​​(operating data) from several minutes ago, the current composition ratio of the waste, the lower heating value, the amount of leakage air, the amount of waste incinerated (incineration rate), and the apparent specific gravity of the waste as training data.

[0137] When the learning model has been sufficiently trained, the machine learning unit 20C can construct a model that estimates the waste quality several minutes later using the above-mentioned machine learning. The machine learning unit 20C can estimate the waste quality, leakage air volume, and incineration pace several minutes later by inputting current operating data output from the measurement value acquisition unit 11 into the trained model online. The control unit 19 uses these values ​​estimated by the machine learning unit 20C to control the waste feed rate in the incinerator 140 (grate 130), the amount of waste supplied to the incinerator 140, the amount of combustion air supplied, the distribution balance of the combustion air, etc.

[0138] If there are other waste treatment facilities with similar size and operating tendencies, information such as operating data of those facilities may also be used for learning, or a model obtained from a waste treatment facility with similar operating tendencies may be stored in advance in the memory unit.

[0139] As described above, in the information processing device 1C according to this embodiment, the machine learning unit 20C inputs various measurement values ​​(operational data) and causes the learning model to learn so as to output the waste component ratio, low heating value, amount of leaked air, amount of waste incinerated (incineration rate), and apparent specific gravity several minutes later. Therefore, the information processing device 1C can estimate information such as the waste quality several minutes later simply by inputting the current operating data output from the measurement value acquisition unit 11 into the learned model.

[0140] <Example of implementation using software> The functions of the information processing devices 1, 1A, 1B, 1C (hereinafter referred to as "devices") can be realized by a program for causing a computer to function as the device, and for causing a computer to function as each control block of the device (in particular, the component ratio calculation unit 12, the first heat generation amount calculation unit 13, the heat input / output calculation unit 14, the second heat generation amount calculation unit 15, the heat generation amount estimation unit 16, the specific gravity calculation unit 17, the control unit 19, and the machine learning units 20A, 20B, 20C).

[0141] In this case, the device includes a computer having at least one control device (e.g., a processor) and at least one storage device (e.g., a memory) as hardware for executing the program. The functions described in each of the above embodiments are realized by executing the program using the control device and storage device.

[0142] The program may be non-transitory and may be recorded on one or more computer-readable recording media. The recording media may or may not be included in the device. In the latter case, the program may be supplied to the device via any wired or wireless transmission medium.

[0143] Furthermore, some or all of the functions of the control blocks can be realized by logic circuits. For example, an integrated circuit in which a logic circuit that functions as each of the control blocks is formed is also included in the scope of the present invention. In addition, the functions of the control blocks can also be realized by, for example, a quantum computer.

[0144] [Summary] The combustion system according to aspect 1 of the present invention comprises: a measurement value acquisition unit that acquires measurement values ​​measured by a plurality of measuring devices installed in a waste incineration facility; a component proportion calculation unit that calculates the component proportion of the waste based on the measurement values ​​measured by the plurality of measuring devices; a first heat generation amount calculation unit that calculates a first heat generation amount when the waste is incinerated, estimated from the component proportion of the waste; a heat input / output calculation unit that calculates the heat input to and the heat output from the incinerator based on the measurement values ​​measured by the plurality of measuring devices; a second heat generation amount calculation unit that calculates a second heat generation amount when the waste is incinerated, estimated from the heat balance between the initial heat input and the heat output of the incinerator; and a heat generation amount estimation unit that estimates a lower heat generation amount, which is the heat generation amount when the waste is incinerated, so that the difference between the first heat generation amount and the second heat generation amount is equal to or less than a predetermined value.

[0145] A combustion system according to aspect 2 of the present invention is the combustion system according to aspect 1, wherein the heat generation amount estimation unit causes the first heat generation amount calculation unit and the second heat generation amount calculation unit to calculate the first heat generation amount and the second heat generation amount while changing the amount of incineration of the waste and the amount of leakage air within a predetermined range, and estimates the lower heat generation amount so that the difference is equal to or less than a predetermined value.

[0146] A combustion system according to a third aspect of the present invention is the combustion system according to the second aspect, wherein the component ratio calculation unit calculates an ash ratio of the waste, and the calorific value estimation unit estimates the lower calorific value so that the ash ratio falls within a predetermined range.

[0147] A combustion system according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is the combustion system according to any one of the first to third aspects, further comprising a specific gravity calculation unit that calculates an apparent specific gravity of the waste based on the lower heating value.

[0148] A combustion system according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is the combustion system according to the fourth aspect, wherein the specific gravity calculation unit sets a lower limit value and an upper limit value based on the previous apparent specific gravity, and if the calculated current apparent specific gravity is between the lower limit value and the upper limit value, the current apparent specific gravity is used as the apparent specific gravity, if the current apparent specific gravity is equal to or greater than the upper limit value, the upper limit value is used as the apparent specific gravity, and if the current apparent specific gravity is equal to or less than the lower limit value, the lower limit value is used as the apparent specific gravity.

[0149] A combustion system according to a sixth aspect of the present invention is the combustion system according to the fourth aspect, further comprising a display unit that displays at least one of the lower heating value and the apparent specific gravity of the waste.

[0150] A combustion system according to a seventh aspect of the present invention is the combustion system according to the fourth aspect, further comprising a control unit that controls, based on at least the apparent specific gravity, at least one of the feed rate of the waste in the incinerator, the amount of the waste supplied to the incinerator, the amount of combustion air supplied, and the distribution balance of the combustion air.

[0151] An information processing device according to aspect 8 of the present invention comprises: a measurement value acquisition unit that acquires measurement values ​​measured by a plurality of measuring devices installed in a waste incineration facility; a component proportion calculation unit that calculates the component proportion of the waste based on the measurement values ​​measured by the plurality of measuring devices; a first heat generation amount calculation unit that calculates a first heat generation amount when the waste is incinerated, estimated from the component proportion of the waste; a heat input / output calculation unit that calculates the heat input to and the heat output from the incinerator based on the measurement values ​​measured by the plurality of measuring devices; a second heat generation amount calculation unit that calculates a second heat generation amount when the waste is incinerated, estimated from the heat balance between the initial heat input and the heat output of the incinerator; and a heat generation amount estimation unit that estimates a lower heat generation amount, which is the heat generation amount when the waste is incinerated, so that the difference between the first heat generation amount and the second heat generation amount is equal to or less than a predetermined value.

[0152] An information processing method according to aspect 9 of the present invention includes the steps of: acquiring measurement values ​​measured by a plurality of measuring devices installed in a waste incineration facility; calculating the component ratio of the waste based on the measurement values ​​measured by the plurality of measuring devices; calculating a first calorific value when the waste is incinerated, estimated from the component ratio of the waste; calculating the heat input and heat output of an incinerator based on the measurement values ​​measured by the plurality of measuring devices; calculating a second calorific value when the waste is incinerated, estimated from the heat balance between the initial heat input and the heat output of the incinerator; and estimating a lower calorific value, which is the calorific value when the waste is incinerated, so that the difference between the first calorific value and the second calorific value is equal to or less than a predetermined value.

[0153] A program according to aspect 10 of the present invention causes a computer to execute the following processes: acquiring measurement values ​​measured by a plurality of measuring devices installed in a waste incineration facility; calculating the component ratio of the waste based on the measurement values ​​measured by the plurality of measuring devices; calculating a first calorific value when the waste is incinerated, estimated from the component ratio of the waste; calculating the heat input and heat output of an incinerator based on the measurement values ​​measured by the plurality of measuring devices; calculating a second calorific value when the waste is incinerated, estimated from the heat balance between the initial heat input and the heat output of the incinerator; and estimating a lower calorific value, which is the calorific value when the waste is incinerated, so that the difference between the first calorific value and the second calorific value is equal to or less than a predetermined value.

[0154] [Additional Notes] The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications are possible within the scope of the claims. Embodiments obtained by appropriately combining the technical means disclosed in different embodiments are also included in the technical scope of the present invention.

[0155] DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 1A, 1B, 1C Information processing device 11 Measurement value acquisition unit 12 Component ratio calculation unit 13 First heat generation amount calculation unit 14 Input / output heat calculation unit 15 Second heat generation amount calculation unit 16 Heat generation amount estimation unit 17 Specific gravity calculation unit 18 Display unit 19 Control unit 20A, 20B, 20C Machine learning unit 21B, 21C Memory unit 100 Waste incineration facility 110 Feeding hopper 120 Dust feeder 130 Grate 131 Drying device 132 Combustion device 133 Post-combustion device 140 Incinerator 150 Boiler 160 Superheater 170 Coal economizer 180 Cooling tower 190 Filter type dust collector 200 Chimney 210 Secondary fan 220 Forced draft fan 230 Boiler drum 240 Exhaust gas circulation fan 250 Induced draft fan 260 White smoke prevention fan 310-480 Sensor

Claims

1. A combustion system comprising: a measurement value acquisition unit that acquires measurement values ​​measured by a plurality of measuring devices installed in a waste incineration facility; a component proportion calculation unit that calculates a component proportion of waste based on measurement values ​​measured by the plurality of measuring devices; a first heat generation amount calculation unit that calculates a first heat generation amount when the waste is incinerated, which is estimated from the component proportion of the waste; a heat input / output calculation unit that calculates the heat input to and the heat output from the incinerator based on measurement values ​​measured by the plurality of measuring devices; a second heat generation amount calculation unit that calculates a second heat generation amount when the waste is incinerated, which is estimated from the heat balance between the initial heat input and the heat output of the incinerator; and a heat generation amount estimation unit that estimates a lower heat generation amount, which is the heat generation amount when the waste is incinerated, so that the difference between the first heat generation amount and the second heat generation amount is equal to or less than a predetermined value.

2. The combustion system described in claim 1, wherein the heat generation amount estimation unit has the first heat generation amount calculation unit and the second heat generation amount calculation unit calculate the first heat generation amount and the second heat generation amount while changing the amount of waste incinerated and the amount of leaked air within a predetermined range, and estimates the lower heat generation amount so that the difference is equal to or less than a predetermined value.

3. The combustion system according to claim 2, wherein the component ratio calculation unit calculates the ash ratio of the waste, and the heat value estimation unit estimates the lower heating value so that the ash ratio falls within a predetermined range.

4. The combustion system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a specific gravity calculation unit that calculates an apparent specific gravity of the waste material based on the lower heating value.

5. The combustion system described in claim 4, wherein the specific gravity calculation unit sets a lower limit value and an upper limit value based on the previous apparent gravity, and if the calculated current apparent gravity is between the lower limit value and the upper limit value, the current apparent gravity is used as the apparent gravity, if the current apparent gravity is equal to or greater than the upper limit value, the upper limit value is used as the apparent gravity, and if the current apparent gravity is equal to or less than the lower limit value, the lower limit value is used as the apparent gravity.

6. The combustion system according to claim 4, further comprising a display unit that displays at least one of the lower heating value and the apparent specific gravity of the waste.

7. The combustion system according to claim 4, further comprising a control unit that controls at least any one of the feed rate of the waste in the incinerator, the amount of the waste supplied to the incinerator, the amount of combustion air supplied, and the distribution balance of the combustion air, based on at least the apparent specific gravity.

8. An information processing device comprising: a measurement value acquisition unit that acquires measurement values ​​measured by a plurality of measuring devices installed in a waste incineration facility; a component proportion calculation unit that calculates a component proportion of waste based on measurement values ​​measured by the plurality of measuring devices; a first heat generation amount calculation unit that calculates a first heat generation amount when the waste is incinerated, estimated from the component proportion of the waste; a heat input / output calculation unit that calculates the heat input to and the heat output of the incinerator based on measurement values ​​measured by the plurality of measuring devices; a second heat generation amount calculation unit that calculates a second heat generation amount when the waste is incinerated, estimated from the heat balance between the initial heat input and the heat output of the incinerator; and a heat generation amount estimation unit that estimates a lower heat generation amount, which is the heat generation amount when the waste is incinerated, so that the difference between the first heat generation amount and the second heat generation amount is equal to or less than a predetermined value.

9. An information processing method comprising: a step of acquiring measurement values ​​measured by a plurality of measuring devices installed in a waste incineration facility; a step of calculating the component ratio of the waste based on the measurement values ​​measured by the plurality of measuring devices; a step of calculating a first heat generation amount when the waste is incinerated, estimated from the component ratio of the waste; a step of calculating the heat input to and the heat output from the incinerator based on the measurement values ​​measured by the plurality of measuring devices; a step of calculating a second heat generation amount when the waste is incinerated, estimated from the heat balance between the initial heat input and the heat output from the incinerator; and a step of estimating a lower heat generation amount, which is the heat generation amount when the waste is incinerated, so that the difference between the first heat generation amount and the second heat generation amount is equal to or less than a predetermined value.

10. A program that causes a computer to execute the following processes: acquiring measurement values ​​measured by multiple measuring devices installed in a waste incineration facility; calculating the component ratio of waste based on the measurement values ​​measured by the multiple measuring devices; calculating a first heat generation amount when the waste is incinerated, estimated from the component ratio of the waste; calculating the heat input to the incinerator and the heat output from the incinerator based on the measurement values ​​measured by the multiple measuring devices; calculating a second heat generation amount when the waste is incinerated, estimated from the heat balance between the initial heat input and the heat output of the incinerator; and estimating a lower heat generation amount, which is the heat generation amount when the waste is incinerated, so that the difference between the first heat generation amount and the second heat generation amount is equal to or less than a predetermined value.

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