Multiple glazing providing all seasons thermal comfort

Abstract

The present invention relates to a multiple glazing (A) extending along a plane, P, the multiple glazing comprising a first glass pane, GP1, having an inner face (11) and an outer face (12), a second glass pane, GP2, having an inner face (21) and an outer face (22), a peripheral spacer (3) positioned between the inner faces (11,21) of the first and second glass panes, over a perimeter thereof, an internal space, SP, defined by the first and second glass panes and by the peripheral spacer, a transparent pane, TP, positioned within the internal space SP, having a first surface (31) facing the first glass pane at a distance D1, and a second surface (32) facing the second glass pane at a distance D2, characterized in that TP comprises a first insulating coating having reflection properties in the infrared and / or in solar radiation located on the first surface and in that the multiple glazing further comprises a displacement means (5) configured to displace the transparent pane within the internal space, SP, in a direction normal to the plane, P and in that the opto-energetical properties measured on the transparent pane (TP) bearing only the first insulating coating are such that: the energetical transmittance is comprised between 20% and 79%, the light transmittance is comprised between 51% and 92%, the energetical reflectance measured on the coated side is comprised between % and 50% and in that the multiple glazing comprises at least one additional insulating coating having reflection properties in the infrared and / or in solar radiation selected from a second insulating coating having reflection properties in the infrared and / or in solar radiation located on the second surface of TP, a third insulating coating having reflection properties in the infrared and / or in solar radiation on the inner face of GP2, and a fourth insulating coating having reflection properties in the infrared and / or in solar radiation on the inner face of GP1.

Description

DescriptionMULTIPLE GLAZING PROVIDING ALL SEASONS THERMAL COMFORTFIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0001] The present invention relates to multiple glazing, in particular multiple glazing for building windows, that are configurated to provide all-seasons thermal comfort.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0002] Current building market trend is to increase natural light and therefore the glazing surface, while minimizing the energy consumption of the building by using multiple glazing having insulating performances. Insulating performances comprise thermal insulation performance, especially for cold exterior temperatures and / or solar control performance especially for hot exterior temperatures.

[0003] Multiple glazings such as double glazings or triple glazings, are common answers to provide thermal insulation. Double glazing typically comprises two glass panes coupled along their periphery by a peripheral spacer creating an internal space. In general, said internal space is evacuated or filled with air and / or inert gas, to further lower heat transfer and / or reduce the sound transmission. Typically, the multiple glazing will further comprise one or more thermal insulating coatings such as a low- emissivity coating to reduce the energy transmission by radiation. Such low-emissivity coatings are particularly efficient in energy saving in the winter since they minimize the amount of heat dissipated from the interior of the building to the outside environment.

[0004] Multiple glazings with their low-emissivity coating contribute to the thermal comfort inside the building in cold environmental conditions. In more temperate conditions, they are known to balance thermal insulation with high levels of natural light. In hot environmental conditions however, multiple glazing with their thermal insulation coating might provide some negative effect. Indeed, the low-emissivity coating allows the penetration in the building of a large portion of the sun heat (in the near infrared wavelengths) and the amount of heat dissipated from the interior of the building to the external environment is limited. A triple glazing configuration is even more insulating than a double glazing configuration as a result of a double internalspace. Hence, the heat transfer from the interior of the building to the external environment is even more limited. Furthermore, when the temperature of the interior increases, the glass surface of the glass pane facing the interior of the building becomes hot and induces hot thermal radiation. This increases even further the temperature of the interior space. Therefore, in order to provide thermal comfort inside the building in hot exterior conditions, cooling means such as air-conditioning are required.

[0005] It is also common to provide solar control performance in multiple glazings. Solar control can be provided by colored and / or highly reflective glass panes but also by selective solar control coatings. Selective solar control coatings allow sunlight (visible wavelengths) to enter the building while radiating and reflecting away a large portion of the sun heat (in the near infrared wavelengths). Solar control techniques allow to maintain the inside of the building brighter and much cooler, in particular in the summer period. To provide maximum comfort in hot exterior temperature conditions, it is required to promote dissipation of the heat from the interior of the building to the external environment mainly during the night when the exterior temperature is decreasing.

[0006] Hence, multiple glazing with solar control performances contribute to the thermal comfort inside of the building in hot external temperature conditions. In more temperate conditions, solar control performances are used to balance minimum solar heat impact with high levels of natural light. For cold external temperatures however, high solar control performance might provide some negative effect. Indeed, the high solar control performance limits the amount of energy entering inside the building. Hence, the temperature of the interior of the building decreases and the glass surface of the glass pane facing the interior of the building becomes cold and induces cold thermal radiation decreasing further the inside temperature. Therefore, in order to provide thermal comfort inside the building, in cold external conditions, additional heating is required.

[0007] Several solutions have been proposed in the art to address the technical problem of balancing the thermal insulation properties and the solar control performance of multiple glazings to provide the best performance in both low and high temperatures external environments.

[0008] For example, US4235048 discloses a reversible window unit wherein a double glazing is enclosed in an opening frame pivotally mounted with a fixed frame to function efficiently as a solar energy collector in winter and as a heat shield in summer. The double glazing comprises a layer of metal which provides high reflectance of incident solar energy from one side of a coated transparent substrate and a layer which provides high absorption of incident solar energy by the other side of the coated substrate. US4235048 teaches to position the glazing in one position in the summer and reverse such position in the winter. However it is very complex to design frames for such reversible windows that meet all the requirements to provide proper tightness properties. Complex gaskets systems are required. In addition, those frames are typically heavy construction, require complex rotation and fixations systems to provide safety and security, and not very consumers friendly.

[0009] Another solution provided in the art is the addition of a drop-down blind within the internal space of the double glazing having typically a low emissivity coating. In sunny conditions, the blind is closed to prevent the sun heat to enter the interior of the building. For cold exterior temperatures, the blind is rolled up allowing the sunlight to enter and heat up the interior space. However, it has been found that such technical solution has serious drawbacks: when the blind is unrolled, it indeed blocks up partially the sunlight but also darkens greatly the interior space. This can induce the light transmission to decrease substantially up to 1 %. The unrolled blind creates two separate artificial cavities within the internal space, that increase the thermal insulation performance of the double glazing and therefore limits the dissipation of the heat from the interior of the building to the external environment. In hot exterior temperature conditions, the unrolled blind has the advantage to prevent sun heat to enter the interior space but has the disadvantage to limit the heat dissipation from the interior space to the exterior space. In cold exterior temperature conditions, the unrolled blind has the advantage to prevent the heat dissipation from the interior space to the exterior space but has the disadvantage to not allow sun heat to enter the interior space while darkening this interior space. Furthermore, the addition of a blind within the internal space of the double glazing induce several technical challenges to ensure a proper, efficient and sustainable rolling up and rolling down of the blind. Multiple glazing with drop-down blind requires also tempered glass in order to avoid glass breakage that can be caused by unbalanced temperatures within the internal space resulting fromthe position of the blind.

[0010] Therefore there is still a need to design a multiple glazing that provides an improved all-seasons thermal comfort that does not require excessive cooling of the interior space in hot exterior temperatures conditions and that does not require excessive heating of the interior space in cold exterior temperatures conditions. Such design should be simple, easy to produce, cost effective and should avoid all technical complexity of reversibility or built-in blinds. Furthermore, there is still a need to configure such all-seasons thermal multiple glazing that can be easily adapted to an existing fixed frame and would be suitable for any applications such as openable or non-openable windows as well as glass doors.

[0011] The objective of the present invention is to design a very simple and efficient multiple glazing that provides an all-seasons thermal comfort. In particular, the multiple glazing of the present invention is very energy efficient by providing both high thermal insulation performance in a cold exterior temperature conditions and high solar control performance in a hot exterior temperature conditions.

[0012] Another objective of the present invention is to design such all-seasons multiple glazing that is very simple, flexible, easy to produce and cost-effective, and can be easily adapted to any conventional frame as well as to existing frames. By simple, flexible and easy to produce and adaptable, it means that it does not require for example, the complexity of reversibility of the window requiring complex gasket systems, or the incorporation of a blind in the internal space.

[0013] It is a further objective of the present invention to design such all-seasons multiple glazing to be adapted to any kind of frames for openable windows such as casement windows, tilting windows, sliding windows and glass doors as well as nonopenable windows.

[0014] It is also an objective of the present invention to provide a multiple glazing that demonstrates thermal comfort in all-seasons, for large glazing surfaces promoting high amount of natural light to enter inside the building in all-seasons while counteracting the negative excessive sun heat in the summer and the negative heat loss in the winter.

[0015] A further objective is to reach the climate control goals of energy savings and reduced carbon footprint. Indeed, the amount (and therefore the cost) of heating andcooling a home is closely related to the performances of the glazing. An initial investment in an energy efficient glazing can greatly reduce the need of cooling and / or heating and the costs thereof.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0016] The present invention relates to a multiple glazing (A) extending along a plane, P, the multiple glazing comprising : a. a first glass pane, GP1 , configured to face the exterior of a building and having an inner face (11 ) and an outer face (12), b. a second glass pane, GP2, configured to face the interior of a building and having an inner face (21 ) and an outer face (22), c. a peripheral spacer (3) positioned between the inner faces (11 ,21 ) of the first and second glass panes, over a perimeter thereof, d. an internal space, SP, defined by the first and second glass panes and by the peripheral spacer, e. a transparent pane, TP, positioned within the internal space SP, having a first surface (31 ) facing the first glass pane at a distance D1 , and a second surface (32) facing the second glass pane at a distance D2, characterized in that TP comprises a first insulating coating having reflection properties in the infrared and / or in solar radiation located on the first surface and in that the multiple glazing further comprises a displacement means (5) configured to displace the transparent pane within the internal space, SP, in a direction normal to the plane, P and in that the opto-energetical properties measured on the transparent pane (TP) bearing only the first insulating coating are such that: the energetical transmittance is comprised between 20% and 79%, the light transmittance is comprised between 51 % and 92%, the energetical reflectance measured on the coated side is comprised between 8% andand in that the multiple glazing comprises at least one additional insulating coating having reflection properties in the infrared and / or in solar radiation selected from a second insulating coating having reflection properties in the infrared and / or in solar radiation located on the second surface of TP, a third insulating coating having reflection properties in the infrared and / or in solar radiation on the inner face of GP2, and a fourth insulating coating having reflection properties in the infrared and / or in solar radiation on the inner face of GP1.

[0017] The inventors have found that multiple glazings of the present invention provide opto-energetical properties that can be varied by the displacement of the transparent pane within the internal space and thus thermal comfort can be achieved for all seasons. In particular, the choice of glass panes and coatings determines the visible light transmittance of the multiple glazing. In particular the choice of insulating coatings, with selected opto-energetical properties, and their position was found to determine the solar factor and llg value ranges that can be obtained by varying the position of TP within SP. Advantageously, by modifying the position of TP within SP, the difference in solar factor between two positions [absolute value of (solar factor in a first position - solar factor in a second position)] may reach at least 10%, even at least 12%, even at least 14%, or even at least 16%.

[0018] Here within, in order to characterize each coating separately on coated glass panes, the opto-energetical properties are measured on said glass pane bearing only said coating and no other coating.

[0019] In particular it was found that, the solar factor could be minimized when the distance D1 is lower than the distance D2 (D1 <D2), preferably comprised between 0.0mm and 5.0mm (0.0mm < D1 < 5.0mm), more preferably between 0.0mm and 3.0mm (0.0mm < D1 < 3.0mm), more preferably between 0.0mm and 1.0mm (0.0mm < D1 < 1.0mm) and even more preferably between 0.1 mm and 1.0mm (0.1 mm < D1 < 1 .0mm). Generally D2 may in this case be >5 mm, or >7 mm or even >10mm.

[0020] It was further found that, the solar factor could be increased and at the same time llg could be decreased when D1 and D2 were at least 6mm, 7mm or even 8mm. This is the case for example when TP is close to the middle of SP in between GP1 and GP2.

[0021] In was further found that, the solar factor could be maximized with D2 < 2mm, advantageously D2 < 1 mm. Preferably, for maximizing solar factor D1 >D2, generally D1 may in this case be >5 mm, or >7 mm or even >10mm. llg may be maximized under these conditions.

[0022] In an advantageous embodiment of the present invention, the transparent pane (TP) comprises a second insulating coating having reflection properties in the infrared and / or in solar radiation located on the second surface characterized in that the opto- energetical properties measured on the transparent pane (TP) bearing only the second insulating coating are such that the energetical transmittance is comprised between 20% and 79%, the light transmittance is comprised between 51 % and 92% and the energetical reflectance measured on the coated side is comprised between 8% and 50%.

[0023] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the second glass pane (GP2) comprises a third insulating coating having reflection properties in the infrared and / or in solar radiation on the inner face; the opto-energetical properties measured on the second glass pane (GP2) bearing only the third insulating coating are such that the energetical transmittance is comprised between 60% and 70%, the light transmittance is comprised between 85% and 92% and the energetical reflectance measured on the coated side is comprised between 23% and 30%.

[0024] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first glass pane (GP1 ) comprises a fourth insulating coating having reflection properties in the infrared and / or in solar radiation on the inner face; the opto-energetical properties measured on the first glass pane (GP1 ) bearing only the fourth insulating coating are such that the energetical transmittance is comprised between 60% and 70%, the light transmittance is comprised between 85% and 92%, the energetical reflectance measured on the coated side is comprised between 23% and 30%.

[0025] The insulating coating selection may influence the final ranges of opto- energetical properties that can be reached upon varying D1 and D2.

[0026] In an embodiment of the present invention, the multiple glazing is devoid of any other than the first and second insulating coatings having reflection properties in the infrared and / or in solar radiation. Such a multiple glazing may be characterized in that the opto-energetical properties measured on the transparent pane (TP) bearing onlythe first insulating coating are such that the energetical transmittance is comprised between 28% and 78%, the light transmittance is comprised between 54% and 86%, the energetical reflectance measured on the coated side is comprised between 8% and 47% and / or in that the opto-energetical properties measured on the transparent pane (TP) bearing only the second insulating coating are such that the energetical transmittance is comprised between 22% and 77%, the light transmittance is comprised between 58% and 86 %, the energetical reflectance measured on the coated side is comprised between 8% and 47%. Such a multiple glazing may provide, a visible light transmittance of 40% to 61 % and / or a solar factor of 22% to 63% and a llg value of 0.6 to 1 .9, the solar factor and llg values being dependent on the position of TP in SP.

[0027] ln an embodiment of the present invention, the multiple glazing is devoid of any other than the first and third insulating coatings having reflection properties in the infrared and / or in solar radiation. Such a multiple glazing may have opto-energetical properties measured on the transparent pane (TP) bearing only the first insulating coating are such that the energetical transmittance is comprised between 25 and 59%, the light transmittance is comprised between 53% and 78% and the energetical reflectance measured on the coated side is comprised between 8% and 49% and / or in that the opto-energetical properties measured on GP2 when bearing only the third insulating coating are such that the energetical transmittance is comprised between 60% and 70%, the light transmittance is comprised between 85% and 92%, the energetical reflectance measured on the coated side is comprised between 23% and 30%. Such a multiple glazing may provide, a visible light transmittance of 44% to 65% and / or a solar factor of 24% to 68% and a llg value of 0.5 to 1 .9, the solar factor and llg values being dependent on the position of TP in SP.

[0028] ln an embodiment of the present invention, the multiple glazing is devoid of any other than the first, second and third insulating coatings having reflection properties in the infrared and / or in solar radiation. Such a multiple glazing may be characterized in that the opto-energetical properties measured on the transparent pane (TP) bearing only the first insulating coating are such that the energetical transmittance is comprised between 31 % and 67%, the light transmittance is comprised between 72% and 92%, the energetical reflectance measured on the coated side is comprised between 23% and 47% and / or in that the opto-energetical properties measured on thetransparent pane (TP) bearing only the second insulating coating are such that the energetical transmittance is comprised between 52% and 69%, the light transmittance is comprised between 60% and 75%, the energetical reflectance measured on the coated side is comprised between 8% and 31 % and / or in that the opto-energetical properties measured on GP2 when bearing only the third insulating coating are such that the energetical transmittance is comprised between 60% and 70%, the light transmittance is comprised between 85% and 92 %, the energetical reflectance measured on the coated side is comprised between 23% and 30%. Such a multiple glazing may provide, a visible light transmittance of 42% to 61 % and / or a solar factor of 21 % to 60% and a llg value of 0.5 to 1.4, the solar factor and llg values being dependent on the position of TP in SP.

[0029] In an embodiment of the present invention, the multiple glazing is devoid of any other than the first, second and fourth insulating coatings having reflection properties in the infrared and / or in solar radiation. Such a multiple glazing may be characterized in that the opto-energetical properties measured on the transparent pane (TP) bearing only the first insulating coating are such that the energetical transmittance is comprised between 52% and 58%, the light transmittance is comprised between 63% and 73%, the energetical reflectance measured on the coated side is comprised between 8% and 13% and / or in that the opto-energetical properties measured on the transparent pane (TP) bearing only the second insulating coating are such that the energetical transmittance is comprised between 31 % and 43%, the light transmittance is comprised between 72% and 83 %, the energetical reflectance measured on the coated side is comprised between 40% and 47% and / or in that the opto-energetical properties measured on GP1 when bearing only the fourth insulating coating are such that the energetical transmittance is comprised between 60% and 70%, the light transmittance is comprised between 85% and 92%, the energetical reflectance measured on the coated side is comprised between 23% and 30%. Such a multiple glazing may provide, a visible light transmittance of 45% to 55% and / or a solar factor of 23% to 52% and a llg value of 0.5 to 1.3, the solar factor and llg values being dependent on the position of TP in SP.

[0030] The following information is used in the present invention: a. light transmission (LT) is the percentage of incident light flux, illuminant D65 / 2°, transmitted by a multiple glazing, or single glass pane respectively. It is calculated according to EN410:2011 ; b. light reflection (LR) is the percentage of incident light flux, illuminant D65 / 2°, reflected by a multiple glazing. It may be measured on a single pane from the coated side (LRc) or the uncoated side (LRg). It may be measured on the outermost face of a glazing (LRout) or the innermost face of a glazing (LRint), in particular on a multiple glazing unit. It is calculated according to EN410:2011 ; c. energy transmission (ET) is the percentage of incident energy radiation transmitted by the glazing calculated in accordance with standard EN410:2011 ; d. energy reflection (ER) is the percentage of incident energy radiation reflected by the glazing calculated in accordance with standard EN410:2011 . It may be measured on a single pane from the coated side (ERc) or the uncoated side (ERg). It may be measured on the outermost face of a glazing (ERout) or the innermost face of a glazing (ERint), in particular on a multiple glazing unit; e. solar factor (SF or g) is the percentage of incident energy radiation that is directly transmitted by a glazing, on the one hand, and absorbed by this, then radiated in the opposite direction to the energy source in relation to the glazing. It is here calculated in accordance with standard EN410:2011 ; f. the llg value (coefficient k expressed in W / m2K) the rate of energy transfer through the glazing, and emissivity (s) are calculated in accordance with standards EN673:2011 and ISO 10292:1994; g. Selectivity = LT / SF;

[0031] The following terms are herein used interchangeably: light transmission and light transmittance, energy transmission and energetical transmittance, energy reflection and energetical reflectance.

[0032] When values are referred to as "in the range (of) between a and b", they may be equal to a or b.

[0033] Preferably, in any embodiment of the present invention, the multiple glazing has a light transmission of at least 30%, at least 40%, or of at least 50%.Brief description of the drawings

[0034] Figure 1 shows a cross sectional view of a multiple glazing according to one embodiment of the present invention wherein the transparent pane has been positioned very close to the first glass pane for hot exterior temperature conditions.

[0035] Figure 2 shows a cross-sectional view of a multiple glazing according to another embodiment of the present invention wherein the transparent pane has been positioned for cold exterior temperature conditions.Detailed description of the invention

[0036] Different types of insulating coatings may be chosen independently for the first, second, third and / or fourth insulating coatings having reflection properties in the infrared and / or in solar radiation. The optoenergetical properties of each coated glass pane of course depends on the selected combination of coating and glass. Generally, the coatings comprise one or more individual layers of different materials and different layer combinations may reach similar or even identical optoenergetical properties as is well known in the art.

[0037] In an advantageous embodiment, at least one of the first, second, third and fourth insulating coatings having reflection properties in the infrared and / or in solar radiation, comprise a stack of thin layers comprising an alternating arrangement of n infrared radiation reflecting functional layers and n+1 dielectric coatings, with n > 1 , such that each functional layer is surrounded by dielectric coatings, characterized in that the stack further comprises at least one contact layer for at least one of the n infrared radiation reflecting functional layers. These insulating coatings are typically deposited by magnetron sputtering.

[0038] Alternately at least one of the first, second, third and fourth insulating coatings having reflection properties in the infrared and / or in solar radiation, comprise no metallic layer. They may comprise a reflective TiCh layer or a transparent conductive oxide (TCO).

[0039] The infrared radiation reflecting (IR) functional layers may typically be provided based on metals such as silver, gold, copper, and platinum. Silver-based layers are typically used, which may consist of silver or possibly be doped with palladium or gold, for example, in a proportion of 5% by weight at most, alternatively of around 1 % by weight. The incorporation of a small quantity of doping agent in the silver-based layer may improve the chemical stability of the stack or add other functionalities such as increased light absorption for example.

[0040] The infrared radiation reflecting functional layers may each have a thickness ranging of from 4nm to 50nm, alternatively of from 5nm to 35nm, alternatively of from 6nm to 35nm, alternatively of from 7nm to 20nm. These thickness ranges may enable the desired low emissivity and anti-solar function to be achieved while retaining a good light transmission.

[0041] The dielectric coatings may comprise one or more dielectric layers, in particular dielectric layer oxides, nitrides or oxynitrides of Zn, Sn, Ti, Zr, Si, Bi, Nb, or mixtures thereof. Typical dielectric materials are suitable in the scope of the present inventions. These materials may be eventually doped, where examples of dopants include aluminum, zirconium, or mixtures thereof. The dopant or mixture of dopants may be present in an amount up to 15%wt.

[0042] Typical examples of dielectric materials include, but are not limited to, silicon based oxides, silicon based nitrides, zinc oxides, tin oxides, mixed zinc-tin oxides, silicon nitrides, silicon oxynitrides, titanium oxides, aluminum oxides, zirconium oxides, niobium oxides, aluminum nitrides, bismuth oxides, mixed silicon-zirconium nitrides, and mixtures of at least two thereof, such as for example titanium-zirconium oxide.

[0043] 0xides or nitrides of silicon or aluminum or mixtures thereof are typically suitable for their particular resistance to heat treatments. The expression “layer essentially consisting of ” is also understood to mean layers doped with at least one other element and containing up to at most 10% by weight of this at least one other element, said doped layers having dielectric properties that are practically no different from those of pure silicon nitride layers (for example, layers deposited by cathode sputtering processes using a silicon target containing up to 10% by weight aluminum). The dielectric layer may furthermore consist of a plurality of individual layerscomprising or essentially consisting of the above materials.

[0044] The dielectric coatings may each have a thickness ranging of from 0.1 nm to 200 nm, alternatively of from 0.1 nm to 150 nm, alternatively of from 1 nm to 120 nm, alternatively of from 1 nm to 80 nm. Each of the n+1 dielectric coatings may have different thicknesses. That is, the first dielectric coating may have a thickness that is the same or different, greater or smaller, compared to the thickness of the second or third or any other dielectric layer. Here within, dielectric coatings and IR functional layers are numbered starting from the substrate surface.

[0045] When there are two IR functional layers (when n = 2), the second dielectric coating may be referred to as the “internal dielectric layer”, as it is sandwiched between two IR functional layers.

[0046] When there are three IR functional layers (when n = 3), the second and third dielectric coatings may be referred to as “internal dielectric coatings”, as they are respectively sandwiched between two IR functional layers.

[0047] Contact layers may be provided below and / or above any IR functional layer. A contact layer underneath and in direct contact with the IR functional layer may also be referred to as “seed layer”. Such seed layer is typically provided to assist in forming a good quality film of the IR functional material, that is, providing for a homogeneous layer of IR functional material. A contact layer above and in direct contact with an IR reflecting layer may also be referred to as “barrier layer”. Such a barrier layer is typically provided to assist in protecting the IR functional material from degradation induced by the formation of any layer above it, for example to protect it from oxygen or oxygenated species which may deteriorate the quality of the IR functional layer and also from deterioration due to heat treatments.

[0048] Suitable transparent conductive oxide-based coatings are typically tin oxidebased or niobium doped titanium oxide coatings, in particular deposited by pyrolytic chemical vapor deposition. For better emissivity performances, the pyrolytic-TCO- based coating comprises a layer of doped tin oxide. In particular, the pyrolytic TCO- based coatings comprises a layer of tin oxide doped with fluorine (SnO2:F) or with antimony (SnO2:Sb), preferably doped at a level of 0.5 atomic% to 4 atomic% of fluorine (F) or antimony (Sb), more preferably doped at a level of 0.5 atomic% to 2 atomic% of fluorine. Pyrolytic coatings have the advantage of being obtained directlyon the glass production lines and are then cost effective. Alternately, suitable transparent conductive oxide coatings comprise indium tin oxide, typically deposited by magnetron sputtering.

[0049] Advantageously at least one of the third and fourth insulating coatings having reflection properties in the infrared and / or in solar radiation on the inner face of the second glass pane comprises a single silver comprising functional layer. Such a coating will provide GP1 and / or GP2 respectively with higher visible light transmittance than coatings having two or more silver layers and will also provide good insulating properties to the resulting glazing, with llg values as low as 0.6 depending on the position of TP in SP.

[0050] The first glass pane GP1 , second glass pane GP2 and transparent pane TP may each be chosen from mineral glass such as soda-lime-silica, aluminosilicate or borosilicate, crystalline and polycrystalline glasses, or from organic glass such as polycarbonate and poly(methyl methacrylate).

[0051] The expression “glass pane” is herein understood to encompass a single monolithic glass sheet, a laminated glass pane being an assembly of at least 2 monolithic glass sheets connected by a polymer interlayers, an vacuum insulating and / or an interactive glass pane that can be an electrochromic, thermochromic, photochromic, or a photovoltaic glass pane. Preferably for the multiple glazing of the present invention, the term glass pane encompasses a single monolithic glass pane or a laminated glass pane, more preferably a monolithic glass pane. The glass panes can be chosen among float clear, extra-clear or colored glass. Typically, the glass sheets are soda-lime-silica glass, aluminosilicate glass or borosilicate glass; preferably soda-lime-silica glass. Textured, structured, printed glass are suitable. The glass sheets can optionally be edge-ground for safety.

[0052] In the multiple glazing of the present invention, the transparent pane can be a glass pane as described above and therefore chosen from mineral glass such as soda- lime-silica, aluminosilicate or borosilicate, crystalline and polycrystalline glasses. The transparent pane can also be an organic glass such as polycarbonate and poly(methyl methacrylate).

[0053] The term "transparent" denotes a property illustrating the average LT (light transmission) of visible light transmitted through a material in the visible spectrum ofat least 30%. Preferably, transparent relates to a LT property of at least 40%. More preferably, transparent denotes a LT of at least 50%. Ideally, transparent denotes a LT of at least 60%.

[0054] The glass panes of the multiple glazing can be a laminated glass pane. The polymer interlayer typically comprises a material selected from the group consisting of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyisobutylene (PIB), polyvinyl butyral (PVB), autoclave-free polyvinyl butyral (Autoclave-free PVB), polyurethane (PU), polyvinyl chlorides (PVC), polyesters, copolyesters, polyacetals, cyclo-olefin polymers (COP), ionomers and / or an ultraviolet activated adhesive, and others known in the art of manufacturing glass laminates. Reinforced acoustic insulation can be provided with a polymer interlayer with specific acoustic performance, such as specific PVBs (Saflex® acoustic PVB interlayer from Eastman or Trosifol® acoustic PVB interlayer from Kuraray).

[0055] In the embodiment wherein the displacement means requires some external energy source, it can be contemplated that photovoltaic modules are added on the outer pane face (12) of the first glass pane GP1 and / or the glass pane GP1 can be a photovoltaic glass pane integrating a photovoltaic polymer interlayer as a part of the photovoltaic module. In photovoltaic modules, polymers, should exhibit the appropriate optical properties (e.g., a wide range of absorption and low energy gap), good durability and stability (not undergoing any phase transitions or degradation in the temperature range in which the system is working), and relevant electronic structure.

[0056] Typically, the thickness of the glass panes within the multiple glazing may be comprised between 3mm and 12mm, preferably between 4mm and 10mm and more preferably between 4mm and 8mm. The thickness is measured in the direction normal to the plane, P. The thickness of the transparent pane within the multiple glazing may be comprised between 1 mm and 10mm, preferably between 2mm and 8mm, more preferably between 2mm and 6mm, and even more preferably between 2mm and 4mm.

[0057] Typically, the glass panes are annealed glass panes. However, to provide a multiple glazing with higher mechanical performances and / or to improve further the safety, it can be contemplated to use prestressed glass for one or more glass pane(s)of the multiple glazing. By prestressed glass, it is meant herein a heat strengthened glass, a thermally toughened safety glass, or a chemically strengthened glass.

[0058] In order to improve the mechanical resistance during displacement, the transparent pane is preferably a prestressed glass. It can be contemplated to use further at least a prestressed glass pane for the first and / or second glass pane(s) to provide higher mechanical performances and / or improve further the safety.

[0059] Preferably, the glass composition comprises the following components in weight percentage, expressed with respect to the total weight of glass (Comp. A). More preferably, the glass composition (Comp. B) is a soda-lime-silicate-type glass with a base glass matrix of the composition comprising the following components in weight percentage, expressed with respect to the total weight of glass.

[0060] 0ther preferred glass comprises the following components in weight percentage, expressed with respect to the total weight of glass:

[0061] The displacement means can be selected from the group of mechanical, electronic, mechatronic, magnetic, servomotor, pneumatic, hydraulic or piezoelectric systems, mechanical levers, cables and / or bimetal based actuators.

[0062] In multiple glazing of the present invention, the displacement means serve todisplace the transparent pane within the internal space. The transparent pane may be displaced from one position into another position, in a direction normal to the plane P, increasing or decreasing D1 and simultaneously decreasing or increasing D2. In this way, solar factor and / or llg of the multiple glazing can be modified. By modifying solar factor and llg, thermal comfort may be provided in all-seasons, for situations with different external temperatures in particular. Such displacement can be achieved in any manner and can comprise any intermediate steps whereby the transparent pane is displaced vertically, and / or horizontally and / or is tilted. After displacement, the transparent pane rests in a position parallel to plane P.

[0063] By displacement means it is herein understood as a device for displacing the transparent pane, TP, within the internal space, SP, in a direction normal to the plane, P. The displacement mean can be selected from the group of mechanical, electronic, mechatronic, magnetic, servomotors, pneumatic, pressure / depression or piezoelectric systems, mechanical levers, cables and / or bimetallic structures any other means able to displace the transparent pane within the internal space. Preferably, the displacement means is a magnetic system.

[0064] The multiple glazing can comprise more than one displacement means. The displacement means can be positioned proximate the bottom edge, a top edge and / or at any lateral edges of a multiple gazing of the present invention. The displacement means can comprise one or more displacement element(s).

[0065] Within the multiple glazing of the present invention, the peripheral spacer maintains a certain distance between the first and the second glass panes. The peripheral spacer extends along the edges of the glazing and is positioned between the inner faces of the first and second glass pane, GP1 and GP2 over a perimeter thereof, and maintains a distance there between. The peripheral spacer and said inner faces define the internal space, SP.

[0066] Typically said spacer comprises a desiccant and advantageously has a thickness comprised between 6mm to 32mm, thus keeping GP1 and GP2 at a distance D3 of 6mm to 32mm, advantageously at D3 of 10mm to 32mm, advantageously at D3 of 16mm to 32mm. In general, the internal space SP is filled with a predetermined gas selected from the group consisting of air, dry air, argon (Ar), krypton (Kr), xenon (Xe), sulfur hexafluoride (SFe), carbon dioxide or a combination thereof, preferably fromargon or a mixture of air and argon. With the transparent pane being positioned within the internal space, D1 is the distance between the transparent pane and the first glass pane and at a second distance. D2 is the distance between the transparent pane and the second glass pane. D3 is the distance the distances being measured in a direction normal to the plane, P.

[0067] In its role of maintaining an internal space SP, the peripheral spacer must of course provide proper tightness properties. It is critical for a peripheral spacer to prevent the release of gas in particular inert gas from the internal space SP and / or also to prevent the entry of water vapor. In this way both condensation in between glass panes is avoided and good insulation properties are obtained, better than when the space in between panes is ventilated. The peripheral spacer is typically an object of elongated shape and constant cross section. The peripheral spacer may be a solid, a partly solid or a hollow element.

[0068] Exam pies of peripheral spacer include metal spacer, ceramic spacer, glass spacer, polymeric spacer, and combinations or composites thereof. Examples of polymeric peripheral spacer include polyisobutylene-butyl mixture, silicone rubber foam, polypropylene, PVC, styrene, acrylonitrile or biopolymers, and mixtures or combinations of these. Further examples of polymeric peripheral spacer include transparent rigid materials such as polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), polycarbonate, polystyrene, polyamide and / or polyester, which may provide transparency along the edges. Metal, ceramic or glass peripheral spacers are also suitable materials. Examples of metal include galvanized steel, stainless steel, aluminum alloy. Examples of composite peripheral spacer include polypropylene / stainless steel. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the peripheral spacer within the multiple glazing is a warm edge peripheral spacer that has a better thermal performance than standard aluminum spacer bar. The definition of a warm edge peripheral spacer is a thermally improved spacer having a thermal conductance value of < 0.007 W / K calculated according to EN 10077-1 annex E.

[0069] The present invention relates to a multiple glazing configured to close an opening within a partition separating an exterior space from an interior space such as in general-purpose glazing units, a build wall, automotive glazing units or architectural glazing units., ,... Typically, the exterior space refers to the exterior of a building and the interior space refers to the interior of a building. With the exterior space having anexterior temperature, TempExt, and the interior space having an interior temperature, Templnt In winter, the TempExt is typically lower than Templnt, whereas in summer, the TempExt is typically higher than the Templnt. Indeed, TempExt can in many regions range from -20°C in winter to +40°C and even up to +50°C in summer, while Templnt ranges from 18°C to 30°C when buildings’ heating and cooling are kept at a moderate level.

[0070] The present invention further covers a window that comprises the multiple glazing of the present invention, a fixed frame, and sealing elements mounted on the fixed frame and / or on the multiple glazing for sealingly closing the opening of the partition when the multiple glazing is in the closed position. Windows, whether openable such as casement windows, tilting windows, sliding windows, and glass doors as well as non-openable windows, typically comprise a multiple glazing coupled to a fixed frame mounted in an opening of a wall or similar. The multiple glazing can be a framed glazing or a frameless glazing.

[0071] For the sake of clarity, in any embodiment of the present invention, GP1 is destined to face an exterior space and GP2 to face an interior space, for example when the glazing in included in the fagade of a building. All opto-energetical properties are determined for such a positioning of the glazing, as is common in the art.

[0072] The position of TP within SP may be chosen so as to reach certain opto- energetical properties, in particular SF and llg values.

[0073] The present invention further relates to a method to modify the solar factor and / or llg value of a multiple glazing according to any embodiment of the present invention, comprising displacing the transparent pane TP within the internal space SP either such that D1 increases and D2 decreases or such that D1 decreases and D2 increases.

[0074] The solar factor and / or llg value may be modified in order to provide all-season thermal comfort in an interior space separated from the exterior space by a partition comprising an opening closed by the multiple glazing of the present invention.

[0075] The present invention thus concerns a method to provide an all-season thermal comfort in an interior space separated from the exterior space by a partition comprising an opening closed by the multiple glazing according to any embodiment of the present invention, comprising displacing the transparent pane within the internal space of themultiple glazing.

[0076] The present invention further relates to a method to provide an all-season thermal comfort in an interior space separated from the exterior space by a partition comprising an opening closed by the multiple glazing according to any embodiment of the present invention. Such method includes the steps of : a. measuring the temperature of the exterior space, exterior temperature (TempExt); b. measuring the temperature of the interior space, interior temperature (Templnt); c. displacing the transparent pane within the internal space of the multiple glazing such that when the exterior temperature is greater than the temperature of the interior space (TempExt > Templnt) and preferably equal to or greater than 25°C (TempExt > 25°C), the distance D1 is lower than the distance D2 (D1 <D2), preferably comprised between 0.0mm and 5.0mm (0.0mm < D1 < 5.0mm), more preferably between 0.0mm and 3.0mm (0.0mm < D1 < 3.0mm), more preferably between 0.0mm and 1.0mm (0.0mm < D1 < 1.0mm) and even more preferably between 0.1 mm and 1.0mm (0.1 mm < D1 < 1.0mm); or when the exterior temperature is lower than the temperature of the interior space (TempExt < Templnt), preferably equal to or lower than 15°C (TempExt < 15°C), the distance D1 is greater than 0.0mm (D1 > 0.0mm), preferably equal to or greater than 1 .0mm (D1 > 1 .0mm), more preferably equal to or greater than 3.0mm (D1 > 3.0mm) and more preferably equal to or greater than 5.0mm (D1 > 5.0mm). D2 may advantageouslybe > 5.0mm.

[0077] In an embodiment of the present invention, the method is further characterized in that displacing the transparent pane within the internal space, for example when the exterior temperature is lower than the temperature of the interior space (TempExt < Templnt) or when the exterior temperature is greater than the temperature of the interior space (TempExt > Templnt), provides the multiple glazing with a solar factor value in the range of from 22% to 63% and / or a llg value in the range of from 0.6 to1.9. Such solar factor and llg value ranges may in particular be provided when the visible light transmittance of the multiple glazing is in the range from 40% to 61 %. In particular, the multiple glazing may be devoid of any other than the first and second insulating coatings having reflection properties in the infrared and / or in solar radiation, the opto-energetical properties measured on the transparent pane (TP) bearing only the first insulating coating may be such that the energetical transmittance is comprised between 28% and 78%, the light transmittance is comprised between 54% and 86%, the energetical reflectance measured on the coated side is comprised between 8% and 47% and / or the opto-energetical properties measured on the transparent pane (TP) bearing only the second insulating coating may be such that the energetical transmittance is comprised between 22% and 77%, the light transmittance is comprised between 58% and 86 %, the energetical reflectance measured on the coated side is comprised between 8% and 47%.

[0078] In an embodiment of the present invention, the method is further characterized in that displacing the transparent pane within the internal space, for example when the exterior temperature is lower than the temperature of the interior space (TempExt < Templnt) or when the exterior temperature is greater than the temperature of the interior space (TempExt > Templnt), provides the multiple glazing with a solar factor value in the range of from 24% to 68% and / or a llg value in the range of from 0.5 to 1.9. Such solar factor and llg value ranges may in particular be provided when the visible light transmittance of the multiple glazing is in the range from 44% to 65%. In particular the multiple glazing may be devoid of any other than the first and third insulating coatings having reflection properties in the infrared and / or in solar radiation, the opto-energetical properties measured on the transparent pane (TP) bearing only the first insulating coating may be such that the energetical transmittance is comprised between 25% and 59%, the light transmittance is comprised between 53% and 78%, the energetical reflectance measured on the coated side is comprised between 25% and 59% and / or the opto-energetical properties measured on GP2 bearing only the third insulating coating may be such that the energetical transmittance is comprised between 60% and 70%, the light transmittance is comprised between 85% and 92%,, the energetical reflectance measured on the coated side is comprised between 23% and 30%.

[0079] In an embodiment of the present invention, the method is further characterizedin that displacing the transparent pane within the internal space, for example when the exterior temperature is lower than the temperature of the interior space (TempExt < Templnt) or when the exterior temperature is greater than the temperature of the interior space (TempExt > Templnt), provides the multiple glazing with a solar factor value in the range of from 21 % to 60% and / or a llg value in the range of from 0.5 to 1.4. Such solar factor and llg value ranges may in particular be provided when the visible light transmittance of the multiple glazing is in the range from 42% to 61 %. In particular the multiple glazing may be devoid of any other than the first, second and third insulating coatings insulating coatings having reflection properties in the infrared and / or in solar radiation, the opto-energetical properties measured on the transparent pane (TP) bearing only the first insulating coating may be such that the energetical transmittance is comprised between 31 % and 67%, the light transmittance is comprised between 72% and 92%, the energetical reflectance measured on the coated side is comprised between 23% and 47% and / or the opto-energetical properties measured on the transparent pane (TP) bearing only the second insulating coating may be such that the energetical transmittance is comprised between 52% and 69%, the light transmittance is comprised between 60% and 75 %, the energetical reflectance measured on the coated side is comprised between 8% and 31 % and / or the opto-energetical properties measured on GP2 when bearing only the third insulating coating may be such that the energetical transmittance is comprised between 60% and 70%, the light transmittance is comprised between 85% and 92 %, the energetical reflectance measured on the coated side is comprised between 23% and 30%.

[0080] In an embodiment of the present invention, the method is further characterized in that displacing the transparent pane within the internal space, for example when the exterior temperature is lower than the temperature of the interior space (TempExt < Templnt) or when the exterior temperature is greater than the temperature of the interior space (TempExt > Templnt), provides the multiple glazing with a solar factor value in the range of from 23% to 52% and / or a llg value in the range of from 0.5 to 1.3. Such solar factor and llg value ranges may in particular be provided when the visible light transmittance of the multiple glazing is in the range from 45% to 55%. In particular the multiple glazing may be devoid of any other than the first, second and fourth insulating coatings insulating coatings having reflection properties in theinfrared and / or in solar radiation, the opto-energetical properties measured on the transparent pane (TP) bearing only the first insulating coating may be such that the energetical transmittance is comprised between 52% and 58%, the light transmittance is comprised between 63% and 73%, the energetical reflectance measured on the coated side is comprised between 8% and 13% and / or the opto-energetical properties measured on the transparent pane (TP) bearing only the second insulating coating may be such that the energetical transmittance is comprised between 31 % and 43%, the light transmittance is comprised between 72% and 83 %, the energetical reflectance measured on the coated side is comprised between 40% and 47% and / or the opto-energetical properties measured on GP1 when bearing only the fourth insulating coatin g may be such that the energetical transmittance is comprised between 60% and 70%, the light transmittance is comprised between 85% and 92 %, the energetical reflectance measured on the coated side is comprised between 23% and 30%..

[0081] Depending on the multiple glazing size, its geographic localization and / or orientation, it is usual to promote multiple glazing achieving high thermal insulating or high solar control performances. Typically, multiple glazing demonstrating high thermal insulating performance is triple glazing having a low Ug-value, such as lower than 1 .0. Typically, multiple glazing demonstrating high solar control performance is a double glazing having low SF value, such as lower than 0.4.

[0082] The insulating performance of a glazing, in particular its Ug-value, depends upon its components such as the materials, the thickness of the glass panes and of the spacer, the nature of the filling gas, ... However, depending on the seasonal or even daily climate conditions, a low Ug-value can have very positive impact when the exterior temperature is cold and the heat is maintained inside the building by the thermal radiation. However, when the exterior temperature is high, a low Ug-value can have a negative impact by indeed trapping the heat inside the building, which results in increasing interior temperature and the required use of cooling means.

[0083] As illustrated in Figures 1 and 2, the multiple glazing (A) comprises a first glass pane, GP1 , facing the exterior space and having an inner face (11 ) and an outer face (12), a second glass pane, GP2, facing the interior space and having an inner face (21 ) and an outer face (22), and a peripheral spacer (3) positioned between the inner faces (11 ,21 ) of the first and second glass panes, over a perimeter thereof. An internalspace, SP, is defined by the first and second glass panes and peripheral spacer. The multiple glazing further comprises a transparent pane, TP, having a first surface (31 ) facing the first glass pane and a second surface (32) facing the second glass pane. At least an insulating coating (4) is located on the first surface (31 ) of TP. The multiple glazing comprises displacement means (5) configured to displace the transparent pane within the internal space, SP, in a direction normal to the plane, P.

[0084] The transparent pane is positioned within the internal space at a first distance, D1 , of the first glass pane and at a second distance, D2, from the second glass pane, the distances being measured in a direction normal to the plane, P, after completion of the displacement. GP1 , GP2 and TP remain essentially parallel at least after each displacement, advantageously during the displacement.

[0085] Figure 1 illustrates a double glazing of the present invention configuredfor example for when the temperature of the exterior space, TempExt, is higher than temperature of the interior space Templnt (TempExt > Templnt), whereinthe transparent pane is positioned in the internal space close to the first glass pane. The transparent glass pane is so close to the first glass pane that the multiple glazing mimics a conventional double glazing comprising two glass panes coupled along their periphery by a peripheral spacer creating an internal space. The transparent pane is positioned in the internal space, at a first distance D1 , for example comprised between 0.1 mm and 1 .0mm (0.1 mm < D1 < 1 .0mm), with D2 > D1 . The transparent pane has a first insulating coating having reflection properties in the infrared and / or in solar radiation on its first face providing high solar control performance by avoiding the sun heat to enter the interior space. Furthermore, this position of the transparent pane provides thermal insulating performance similar to a conventional double glazing allowing some heat dissipation from the interior space to the exterior space.

[0086] Figure 2 illustrates a second embodiment of the present invention similar to the double glazing described in Figure 1 but configured for when the temperature of the exterior space, TempExt, is lower than temperature of the interior space Templnt (TempExt < Templnt). In such cold exterior temperatures, the transparent pane is positioned in the middle of the internal space, at a first distance D1 , for example greater than 5.0mm (D1 >5.0mm).

[0087] Figure 2 illustrates thus a double glazing of the present invention configured forcold exterior temperatures wherein the transparent pane is positioned within the internal space not close to the first glass pane but at the same distance from both first and second glass panes. In such configuration, the double glazing mimics a conventional triple glazing and a high thermal insulating performance by avoiding heat dissipation from the interior space to the external space. Despite the first insulating coating having reflection properties in the infrared and / or in solar radiation on the first face of the transparent pane; its location away from the first glass pane allows some penetration of the heat sun in the interior space. The multiple glazing designed in cold exterior temperatures results in a decrease of solar control performance.EXAMPLES

[0088] The following examples are intended to be used for illustrative purposes only. Table 1 shows different coatings used in the examples. Table 2 shows different glass types used. Coating and Glass types are commercially available from AGC Glass Europe S.A. Table 3 shows the opto-energetical properties of different coated glass panes that can be used as GP1 , TP and / or GP2. Table 4 indicates different GP1 / TP / GP2 combinations and Table 5 shows the opto-energetical properties calculated for multiple glazings using different D1 , D2, D3 values. In the multiple glazings, the gas used in the internal space is an Ar / air mixture with 85% Ar.

[0089] Table 1

[0090] Coatings C1 to C4 and C6 to C7 are deposited by magnetron sputtering.Coatings C5 and C8 are deposited by chemical vapor deposition.

[0091] Table 2

[0092] Table 3

[0093] Table 4

[0094] Table 5

[0095] Different combinations of glass panes, with or without coatings, may be chosen for example to achieve certain levels of visible light transmittance TL. In the examples of the present invention, TL was varied between 43% and 62%. The position of TP, that is the values of D1 and D2 may be adjusted so as to adapt solar factor SF and Ug.

[0096] In summer situations, where the exterior temperature, TempExt, is higher than the interior temperature, Templnt, the transparent pane TP is positioned at D1 =1 .0mmfrom the first glass pane GP1 and low SF values are obtained so as to reduce the heat transmission into a building. Higher llg values than in corresponding configurations for winter seasons help evacuating heat accumulated within a building.

[0097] In winter situations, where the exterior temperature, TempExt, is lower than the interior temperature, Templnt, the transparent pane TP is positioned at D1 > 1 .0mm, and D2<0.5xD3, or even D2 =2.0mm or D2 =1 .0mm. Higher solar factor values may thus be obtained, and the increased heat transmission may help to heat the inside of a building. The lowest llg values are generally obtained when D1 and D2 are > 5.0mm.

[0098] With larger D3 values more positions of TP within the space between GP1 and GP2 are possible.

[0099] As the examples show, by modifying the position of TP within SP, for example between a position suitable for winter conditions and a position suitable for summer conditions, the difference in solar factor between two positions may reach at least 10%, even at least 12%, even at least 14%, or even at least 16%.

[0100] Exam pies 1 , 3, 4, 7, 11 , 14 have coating C4, a coating based on 1 infrared radiation reflecting functional silver layer, on the inner side of GP1 or GP2 and are able to reach particularly low llg values of 0.6.

Claims

CLAIMSClaim 1 . Multiple glazing (A) extending along a plane, P, the multiple glazing comprising : a. a first glass pane, GP1 , configured to face the exterior of a building and having an inner face (11 ) and an outer face (12), b. a second glass pane, GP2, configured to face the interior of a building and having an inner face (21 ) and an outer face (22), c. a peripheral spacer (3) positioned between the inner faces (11 ,21 ) of the first and second glass panes, over a perimeter thereof, d. an internal space, SP, defined by the first and second glass panes and by the peripheral spacer, e. a transparent pane, TP, positioned within the internal space SP, having a first surface (31 ) facing the first glass pane at a distance D1 , and a second surface (32) facing the second glass pane at a distance D2, characterized in that TP comprises a first insulating coating having reflection properties in the infrared and / or in solar radiation located on the first surface and in that the multiple glazing further comprises a displacement means (5) configured to displace the transparent pane within the internal space, SP, in a direction normal to the plane, P and in that the opto-energetical properties measured on the transparent pane (TP) bearing only the first insulating coating are such that: the energetical transmittance is comprised between 20% and 79%, the light transmittance is comprised between 51 % and 92%, the energetical reflectance measured on the coated side is comprised between 8 % and 50% and in that the multiple glazing comprises at least one additional insulating coating having reflection properties in the infrared and / or in solar radiation selected from a second insulating coating having reflection properties in the infrared and / or in solar radiation located on the second surface of TP,a third insulating coating having reflection properties in the infrared and / or in solar radiation on the inner face of GP2, and a fourth insulating coating having reflection properties in the infrared and / or in solar radiation on the inner face of GP1.Claim 2. Multiple glazing according to claim 1 characterized in that the transparent pane (TP) comprises a second insulating coating having reflection properties in the infrared and / or in solar radiation located on the second surface characterized in that the opto-energetical properties measured on the transparent pane (TP) bearing only the second insulating coating are such that the energetical transmittance is comprised between 20% and 79%, the light transmittance is comprised between 51 % and 92% and the energetical reflectance measured on the coated side is comprised between 8% and 50%.Claim 3. Multiple glazing according to any one preceding claim characterized in that the second glass pane (GP2) comprises a third insulating coating having reflection properties in the infrared and / or in solar radiation on the inner face; the opto-energetical properties measured on the second glass pane (GP2) bearing only the third insulating coating are such that the energetical transmittance is comprised between 60% and 70%, the light transmittance is comprised between 85% and 92% and the energetical reflectance measured on the coated side is comprised between 23% and 30%.Claim 4. Multiple glazing according to any one preceding claim characterized in that the first glass pane (GP1 ) comprises a fourth insulating coating having reflection properties in the infrared and / or in solar radiation on the inner face; the opto-energetical properties measured on the first glass pane (GP1) bearing only the fourth insulating coating are such that the energetical transmittance is comprised between 60% and 70%, the light transmittance is comprised between 85% and 92%, the energetical reflectance measured on the coated side is comprised between 23% and 30%.Claim 5. Multiple glazing according to claim 2 characterized in that it is devoid of any other than the first and second insulating coatings having reflection properties in the infrared and / or in solar radiation, further characterized in that the opto-energetical properties measured on the transparent pane (TP) bearing only the first insulating coating are such that the energetical transmittance is comprised between 28% and 78%, the light transmittance is comprised between 54% and 86%, the energetical reflectance measured on the coated side is comprised between 8% and 47% and / or in that the opto-energetical properties measured on the transparent pane (TP) bearing only the second insulating coating are such that the energetical transmittance is comprised between 22% and 77%, the light transmittance is comprised between 58% and 86 %, the energetical reflectance measured on the coated side is comprised between 8% and 47%.Claim 6. Multiple glazing according to claim 3 characterized in that it is devoid of any other than the first and third insulating coatings having reflection properties in the infrared and / or in solar radiation, further characterized in that and in that the opto-energetical properties measured on the transparent pane (TP) bearing only the first insulating coating are such that the energetical transmittance is comprised between 25 and 59%, the light transmittance is comprised between 53% and 78% and the energetical reflectance measured on the coated side is comprised between 8% and 49% and / or in that the opto-energetical properties measured on GP2 when bearing only the third insulating coating are such that the energetical transmittance is comprised between 60% and 70%, the light transmittance is comprised between 85% and 92 %, the energetical reflectance measured on the coated side is comprised between 23% and 30%..Claim 7. Multiple glazing according to claim 3 characterized in that the multiple glazing is devoid of any other than the first, second and third insulating coatings having reflection properties in the infrared and / or in solar radiation, further characterized in that the opto-energetical propertiesmeasured on the transparent pane (TP) bearing only the first insulating coating are such that the energetical transmittance is comprised between 31 % and 67%, the light transmittance is comprised between 72% and 92%, the energetical reflectance measured on the coated side is comprised between 23% and 47% and / or in that the opto-energetical properties measured on the transparent pane (TP) bearing only the second insulating coating are such that the energetical transmittance is comprised between 52% and 69%, the light transmittance is comprised between 60% and 75 %, the energetical reflectance measured on the coated side is comprised between 8% and 31 % and / or in that the opto- energetical properties measured on GP2 when bearing only the third insulating coating are such that the energetical transmittance is comprised between 60% and 70%, the light transmittance is comprised between 85% and 92 %, the energetical reflectance measured on the coated side is comprised between 23% and 30%..Claim 8. Multiple glazing according to claim 4 characterized in that the multiple glazing is devoid of any other than the first, second and fourth insulating coatings having reflection properties in the infrared and / or in solar radiation, further characterized in that the opto-energetical properties measured on the transparent pane (TP) bearing only the first insulating coating are such that the energetical transmittance is comprised between 52% and 58%, the light transmittance is comprised between 63% and 73%, the energetical reflectance measured on the coated side is comprised between 8% and 13% and / or in that the opto-energetical properties measured on the transparent pane (TP) bearing only the second insulating coating are such that the energetical transmittance is comprised between 31 % and 43%, the light transmittance is comprised between 72% and 83 %, the energetical reflectance measured on the coated side is comprised between 40% and 47% and / or in that the opto- energetical properties measured on GP1 when bearing only the fourth insulating coating are such that the energetical transmittance is comprised between 60% and 70%, the light transmittance is comprised between 85%and 92%, the energetical reflectance measured on the coated side is comprised between 23% and 30%.Claim 9. Multiple glazing according to any one preceding claim characterized in that at least one of the first, second, third and fourth insulating coatings having reflection properties in the infrared and / or in solar radiation, comprise a stack of thin layers comprising an alternating arrangement of n infrared radiation reflecting functional layers and n+1 dielectric coatings, with n > 1 , such that each functional layer is surrounded by dielectric coatings, characterized in that the stack further comprises at least one contact layer for at least one of the n infrared radiation reflecting functional layers.Claim 10. Multiple glazing according to claim 9 characterized in that at least one of the third and fourth insulating coatings having reflection properties in the infrared and / or in solar radiation, if present, comprise a single silver comprising functional layer.Claim 11 . Multiple glazing according to any one preceding claim characterized in that at least one of the first, second, third and fourth insulating coatings having reflection properties in the infrared and / or in solar radiation, comprise no metallic layer.Claim 12. A multiple glazing according to any one preceding claim wherein the displacement means is selected from the group of mechanical, electronic, mecatronic, magnetic, servomotors, pneumatic, pressure / depression or piezoelectric systems, mechanical levers, cables and / or bimetallic structures.Claim 13. A multiple glazing according to any one preceding claims, having a light transmission of at least 30%, preferably, at least 40%, more preferably of at least 50%;.Claim 14. A multiple glazing according to any one preceding claim wherein the transparent pane is chosen from mineral glass such as soda-lime-silica, aluminosilicate, borosilicate, crystalline or polycrystalline glasses, or from organic glass such as polycarbonate and poly(methyl methacrylate).Claim 15. A method to provide an all-season thermal comfort in an interior space separated from the exterior space by a partition comprising an opening closed by the multiple glazing of any one preceding claims, comprising displacing the transparent pane within the internal space of the multiple glazing.Claim 16. A method according to claim 15 further comprising a. measuring the temperature of the exterior space, exterior temperature (TempExt) b. measuring the temperature of the interior space, interior temperature (Templnt) c. displacing the transparent pane within the internal space of the multiple glazing such that when the exterior temperature is greater than the temperature of the interior space (TempExt > Templnt) and preferably equal to or greater than 25°C (TempExt > 25°C), the distance D1 is lower than the distance D2 (D1<D2), preferably comprised between 0.0mm and 5.0mm (0.0mm < D1 < 5.0mm), more preferably between 0.0mm and 3.0mm (0.0mm < D1 < 3.0mm), more preferably between 0.0mm and 1.0mm (0.0mm < D1 < 1.0mm) and even more preferably between 0.1 mm and 1.0mm (0.1mm < D1 < 1.0mm); or when the exterior temperature is lower than the temperature of the interior space (TempExt < Templnt), preferably equal to or lower than 15°C (TempExt < 15°C), the distance D1 is greater than 0.0mm (D1 > 0.0mm), preferably equal to or greater than 1.0mm (D1 > 1 .0mm), more preferably equal to or greater than 3.0mm (D1 > 3.0mm) and more preferably equal to or greater than 5.0mm (D1 > 5.0mm). D2 may advantageously be > 5.0mm.

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