Magnetic four-piston engine based on permanent magnets configured on a plane on which they form a square

Abstract

The present invention relates to a magnetic four-piston engine based on permanent magnets configured on a plane on which they form a square in order to obtain a mechanical torque. The engine consists of combining four aligned permanent magnets for each of its four shafts such that magnetic field lines of each pair of opposite magnets are located on planes parallel to each other and perpendicular to the axis of the magnet that rotates. Each shaft contains its intermediate magnetic piston provided with permanent magnets at both ends. The magnet of one end moves angularly, while the magnet located at the opposite end is the end of a shaft moving angularly that, when in a crankshaft configuration and via the corresponding connecting rod, links the linear movement of each magnetic piston to the integral angular movement of its corresponding perpendicular shaft.

Description

[0001] DESCRIPTION

[0002] Four-piston magnetic motor based on permanent magnets in a configuration on a plane in which they form a square.

[0003] OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

[0004] The following invention, as expressed in the statement of this specification, refers to a mechanical energy generating system based on the use of a set of permanent magnets and pistons that move alternately inside their corresponding cylinders, in a specific geometric configuration in which the use of the generated magnetic attraction and repulsion forces is optimized.

[0005] The proposed system is particularly applicable to magnetic repulsion reciprocating motors, which are used in both the mechanical and electrical power generation industries.

[0006] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0007] As an introduction to the state of the art regarding the use of permanent magnets for the generation of a mechanical torque and therefore energy, it is well known that when two magnets with their polarities in the same plane are brought together by their equal poles they repel each other, whereas if we bring them together in the same plane by their opposite poles they will attract each other with the same force that previously repelled them. Likewise, these same magnets when they are joined by their opposite poles, we could separate them by rotating one of them on its axis, using a force that would be equal to the force that attracts them with the peculiarity that when we have rotated 180 °, the magnets will be in the repulsion position, causing their separation.

[0008] When we continue with the remaining 180° of the turn, this time no effort will be necessary since the magnets will be sufficiently distant so that their magnetic fields do not interfere with each other and they will return to the initial position of attraction, thus completing a natural cycle called a magnetic cycle as shown in Figure 1.

[0009] If it were possible to develop a configuration that would allow this magnetic cycle to be used to drive a motor that would derive the positive balance of the forces generated in said cycle, as a consequence of the difference in forces between the successive forces of repulsion and attraction generated between two aligned permanent magnets, less the one that is necessary to provide to carry out the rotation of one of the permanent magnets in order to guarantee the aforementioned magnetic cycle.

[0010] Considering the inventions present in the state of the art where the described problem is addressed, identified by publication number or identification and publication date, respectively, document DE102016007879A1 (FURCHERT HANS-JÜRGEN), 01.12.2016, is identified, where a crankshaft is disclosed formed by several pistons connected to the crankshaft by their connecting rods that allow them to perform an up and down movement inside their respective cylinders, causing the crankshaft to rotate, it also has what could be associated with a stator that has several permanent magnets attached to a shaft and that allows the magnets to rotate. The movement or rotation of the magnets produces a transmission to a shaft linked to several truncated bevel gears, in the proposed configuration the materials are non-metallic except for the magnets.

[0011] In conclusion, the “Four-piston magnetic motor based on permanent magnets in a configuration on a plane in which they form a square” provides, with respect to the state of the art, an improvement in the energy efficiency of magnetic motors according to a geometric configuration and a synchronization of movements hitherto unknown and easily scalable to adapt it to the different applications required.

[0012] EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION By way of explanation of the invention, the “Four-piston magnetic motor based on permanent magnets in configuration on a plane in which they form a square” is carried out taking into account the following configuration:

[0013] A. Four permanent magnets aligned by each of the four magnetic pistons with the polarities on a common horizontal plane in which they form a square, such that the magnetic field lines of each pair of facing magnets are in planes parallel to each other and perpendicular to the axis of the rotating magnet, and where each magnetic piston contains a permanent magnet at each of its two ends that only moves linearly inside its cylinder until its end of approach stroke to its corresponding permanent magnet that only rotates located at each of its two ends, while the permanent magnet that only rotates at one end is linked to an axis provided with angular movement, and the permanent magnet that only rotates located at the opposite end is in turn the end of an axis also provided with angular movement, although in crankshaft configuration.

[0014] B. Four connecting rod mechanisms linking the linear movement of each magnetic piston and the integral angular movement of its corresponding perpendicular axis in crankshaft configuration through each of the four vertices of the square, along four axes in crankshaft configuration parallel two by two between the two diagonals of the square, although with their crankpins offset by 180° between them.

[0015] C. Eight toothed wheels housed at the ends of the outer extensions of each of the four axes, on which four transmission belts are located, arranged in parallel and outside the four sides of the square, in order to carry out solidary and independent connections between two parallel axes at the same end, along a first axis that only provides its permanent magnet with angular movement, plus a second axis in crankshaft configuration.

[0016] Then, to start the magnetic cycle, an initial external impulse is required, caused by an actuator that transfers the rotation through its corresponding crankshaft to the linear movement of two magnetic pistons located on a diagonal of the square, activating an angular movement in the same direction by each of the four pairs of axes that rotate in a solidary manner, based on the angular movement of two permanent magnets facing each other by each of the four axes with respect to its corresponding intermediate magnetic piston, which, depending on their relative angular positions, generate for each of the two ends of the corresponding magnetic piston, a synchronized cycle of repulsion force, distance at which the magnetic interaction is canceled and attraction force, which releases mechanical energy from the linear movement of each magnetic piston transferred, by means of the connecting rod mechanism, to the perpendicular axis in crankshaft configuration.

[0017] Obviously, the described model can be adapted to the power required in each application, using as many units as necessary, taking into account that the connections between modules must be carried out in such a way that one module is connected to its shafts by another module in the alternative position between the two possible limit switches.

[0018] DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] To complement the description being made and in order to help better understand the characteristics of the invention, in accordance with a preferred example of practical implementation thereof, a set of drawings is attached as an integral part of said description, in which the following has been represented for illustrative and non-limiting purposes:

[0020] Figure 1.- Shows an illustration of the evolution of the magnetic cycle.

[0021] Figure 2.- Shows a main plan of the “Four-piston magnetic motor based on permanent magnets in configuration on a plane in which they form a square” at the end of a stroke.

[0022] Figure 3.- Shows a main plan of the “Four-piston magnetic motor based on permanent magnets in configuration on a plane in which they form a square” at the alternative end of stroke.

[0023] Figure 4.- Shows a main plan view of the "Four-piston magnetic motor based on permanent magnets arranged on a plane forming a square" in four combined modules. The following constituent elements can be highlighted in the figures:

[0024] 1. Permanent magnets.

[0025] 2. Cylinders inside which the two permanent magnets that make up each of the four magnetic pistons move linearly.

[0026] 3. Axis provided with angular movement.

[0027] 4. Shaft provided with angular movement in crankshaft configuration.

[0028] 5. Connecting rod between the linear movement of each magnetic piston and the integral angular movement.

[0029] 6. Dolls.

[0030] 7. Gear wheels.

[0031] 8. Transmission belts.

[0032] EXAMPLE OF PREFERRED IMPLEMENTATION

[0033] As an example of a preferred embodiment, use can be made of the “Four-piston magnetic motor based on permanent magnets in configuration on a plane in which they form a square” as shown in Figures 2-3, to obtain a torque in the movement of a manufacturing lathe of those commonly used in the metal-mechanical industry.

[0034] To this end, for each of the four magnetic pistons, the angular movement of the magnets that only rotate linked to their corresponding axis, cause the attraction, cancellation of forces and repulsion of the permanent magnets that as a consequence move linearly inside their corresponding cylinder without any angular movement, until completing the magnetic cycle in Figure 1. More specifically, in Figure 2-3, the four permanent magnets (1) are shown aligned by each of the four magnetic pistons with the polarities on a common horizontal plane in which they form a square, where the magnetic field lines of each pair of facing magnets are located in planes parallel to each other and perpendicular to the axis of the rotating magnet.Likewise, it is also shown how each magnetic piston contains a permanent magnet at each of its two ends that only moves linearly inside its cylinder until its end of stroke approaching its corresponding permanent magnet that only rotates, located at each of its two ends.

[0035] Continuing with the description, the four connecting rod mechanisms (5) are also shown for linking the linear movement of each magnetic piston between the two cylinders (2) and the integral angular movement of its corresponding perpendicular axis in crankshaft configuration (4) for each of the four vertices of the square, according to four axes in crankshaft configuration (4) parallel two by two between the two diagonals of the square, although with their crankpins (6) 180° out of phase with each other.

[0036] Finally, the eight toothed wheels (7) housed at the ends of the outer extensions of each of the four axles are also shown, in which four transmission belts (8) are located, arranged in parallel and outside the four sides of the square.

[0037] Obviously, the cross section of the cylinders (2) must have the same shape as the supports in which each permanent magnet (1) is housed, which move linearly, conveniently oriented by each of the two ends of each magnetic piston, in order to not allow them to rotate on their own axis, allowing only longitudinal movement.

[0038] Likewise, all the elements used except the permanent magnets themselves (1) must be made of a material that does not conduct electricity, for example, plastic material with good mechanical resistance and a low coefficient of friction.

[0039] Then, from an initial external impulse caused by an actuator, the eight axes provided with angular movement described (3-4) move in a synchronized manner as a reaction to the force generated in the magnetic pistons that move to the corresponding axes provided with angular movement in crankshaft configuration (4) which in turn jointly drag a parallel axis located on the same side of the square (3), altering the angular position of the permanent magnet (1) that it contains, according to two alternative positions between alternate limit switches as shown in Figures 2-3.Finally, it is important to indicate how the described model can be reproduced in order to adapt it to the required powers in as many units as deemed convenient. To do this, it is only necessary to take into account that a module is connected to its axes by another module in the alternative position between the two possible limit switches as shown in Figure 4, adapting the configuration of modules to the power needs required in each case and improving performance by reducing the need for elements that add friction such as pulleys and transmission belts.

[0040] It is not considered necessary to expand this description further to enable any person skilled in the art to understand the scope of the invention, its modular nature, and the advantages derived from it. The materials used, dimensions, proposed geometric configuration, and / or technical solutions are subject to variation provided that this does not imply a change in the essence of the invention.

Claims

CLAIMS 1.- Four-piston magnetic motor based on permanent magnets in configuration on a plane in which they form a square, characterized by being carried out by combining the following elements: A. Four permanent magnets aligned by each of the four magnetic pistons, with the polarities on a common horizontal plane in which they form a square, such that the magnetic field lines of each pair of facing magnets are in planes parallel to each other and perpendicular to the axis of the rotating magnet, and where each magnetic piston contains a permanent magnet at each of its two ends that only moves linearly inside its cylinder until its end of stroke approaching its corresponding permanent magnet that only rotates located at each of its two ends, where the permanent magnet that only rotates at one end is linked to an axis provided with angular movement, while the permanent magnet that only rotates located at the opposite end is in turn the end of an axis also provided with angular movement, although in crankshaft configuration. B. Four connecting rod mechanisms linking the linear movement of each magnetic piston and the integral angular movement of its corresponding perpendicular axis in crankshaft configuration through each of the four vertices of the square, along four axes in crankshaft configuration parallel two by two between the two diagonals of the square, although with their crankpins offset by 180° between them. C. Eight toothed wheels housed at the ends of the outer extensions of each of the four axes, on which four transmission belts are located, arranged in parallel and outside the four sides of the square, in order to carry out solidary and independent connections between parallel axes at the same end, along a first axis that only provides its permanent magnet with angular movement, plus a second axis in crankshaft configuration. 2.- Four-piston magnetic motor based on permanent magnets in configuration on a plane in which they form a square according to claim 1, which adapts to the powers required in each application by combining the model described in as many units as necessary, characterized in that the connections between modules must be carried out in such a way that one module is connected to its axes by another module in the alternative position between the two possible limit switches.

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