Circumferential-arrangement-based variable series-connected flux electric motor

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of electric motors. Disclosed is a circumferential-arrangement-based variable series-connected flux electric motor. The flux electric motor comprises an electric-motor stator and an electric-motor rotor, wherein several excitation coils are uniformly wound on the electric-motor stator or the electric-motor rotor in the circumferential direction; at least two adjacent excitation coils are simultaneously supplied with co-directional currents to form a combined magnetic flux; at least two combined magnetic fluxes are arranged on the electric-motor stator or the electric-motor rotor; adjacent combined magnetic fluxes are at least spaced apart by an excitation coil; several excitation coils are respectively connected to a control system circuit board; and arc-shaped magnets are arranged, in the circumferential direction, on the electric-motor rotor or the electric-motor stator which is not provided with the combined magnetic fluxes.

Description

A circumferentially arranged variable series flux motor Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electric motors, and in particular to a circumferentially arranged variable series magnetic flux motor. Background Art

[0002] In the field of motor technology, commonly used motors are radial or axial flux motors, which drive the rotor to rotate through radial flux and axial flux respectively. The principle is mainly to change the current direction of the excitation coil, continuously change the direction of the magnetic flux generated by the excitation coil, and cooperate with the magnet to realize the rotation of the rotor.

[0003] However, the inventors are aware that most electric motors require current commutation in the excitation coil during use. When current commutation occurs, eddy currents and temperature rise are generated in the enameled wire and magnetic steel of the excitation coil. Especially when the motor is running at high speed, the temperature rise will be obvious, and high temperature will increase the resistance and seriously reduce the efficiency of the motor. In addition, some electric motors need to be equipped with larger heat dissipation holes or heat dissipation fans for cooling, which increases costs.

[0004] Therefore, people are in urgent need of a circumferentially arranged variable pole flux motor that can output unidirectional current to enable the motor to operate quickly with higher torque and efficiency while reducing energy consumption during high-speed operation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a circumferentially arranged variable series flux motor to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. By controlling the on and off of the excitation coil in a regular alternating manner, the position of the excitation flux is continuously changed, and then the rotation of the rotor is completed in coordination with the magnet, and the current of the combined flux is a current in the same direction, thereby reducing energy consumption.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following solutions: The present invention provides a circumferentially arranged variable series magnetic flux motor, comprising a motor stator and a motor rotor, wherein the motor rotor is located on one axial side of the motor stator, and the motor stator or the motor rotor is provided with a plurality of excitation coils with magnetic poles arranged along the circumferential direction of the motor shaft, and the plurality of excitation coils are evenly wound around the motor stator or the motor rotor along the circumference, and at least two adjacent excitation coils can be combined to form a combined magnetic flux when energized at the same time, and at least two combined magnetic fluxes are provided on the motor stator or the motor rotor, and at least one excitation coil is spaced between adjacent combined magnetic fluxes, and the plurality of excitation coils are respectively connected to a control system circuit board for controlling the power on and off of the excitation coils at the ends, and the motor rotor or the motor stator without the combined magnetic flux is provided with an arc-shaped magnet coaxial with the excitation coil, and the two magnetic poles of the magnet are arranged along the circumference of the motor shaft and parallel to the effective range of the excitation coil magnetic flux. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0007] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0008] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a circumferentially arranged variable series flux motor according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

[0009] FIG2 is a side view of a circumferentially arranged variable series flux motor according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

[0010] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of the motor stator close to the motor rotor side in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0011] FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of a motor rotor provided with magnetic wings according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0012] FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of a magnetic steel ring when the claw pole has a straight claw pole according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0013] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a flux magnet interval motion mode according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0014] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the staggered motion mode of the magnetic flux magnets according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0015] FIG8 is a side view of a circumferentially arranged variable series flux motor according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of the wiring method of a circumferentially arranged variable series flux motor according to an eleventh embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Among them, 1. Motor stator; 2. Motor rotor; 3. Excitation coil; 4. Magnet; 5. Magnetic wing; 6. Claw pole; 7. Magnetic steel ring; 8. Rotor bracket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a circumferentially arranged variable series flux motor to solve the problems existing in the prior art. By controlling the on and off of the excitation coil in a regular alternating manner, the position of the excitation flux is continuously changed, and then the rotation of the rotor is completed in coordination with the magnet, the current of the combined flux is a current in the same direction, and the eddy current loss is reduced.

[0020] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0021] Example 1:

[0022] Please refer to Figures 1 to 7, which provide a circumferentially arranged variable series flux motor, including two motor stators 1 and a motor rotor 2 arranged in a motor housing, the two motor stators 1 are respectively located on both sides of the axial direction of the motor rotor 2, wherein the motor stator 1 includes a magnetic steel ring 7 and six excitation coils 3 arranged along the circumference of the motor shaft, the six excitation coils 3 are evenly wound around the magnetic steel ring 7 along the circumference, the magnetic steel ring 7 can be made of rolled laminated magnetic steel or integral silicon steel, electrical iron, two adjacent excitation coils 3 are combined to form a combined magnetic flux, two combined magnetic fluxes are arranged on the magnetic steel ring 7, and there is an excitation coil 3 between adjacent combined magnetic fluxes, the two excitation coils 3 located in the combined magnetic flux are energized, and the excitation coil 3 located between the two combined magnetic fluxes is not energized, the six excitation coils 3 are respectively connected to the control system, the control system is a circuit board, and the rotor support of the motor rotor 2 An arc-shaped magnet 4 is provided on the frame 8, and the two magnetic poles of the magnet 4 are arranged along the circumference of the motor shaft. The motor rotor 2 is located on the axial side of the motor stator 1. The magnet 4 is arranged corresponding to the excitation coil 3, and the magnet 4 and the excitation coil 3 are arranged coaxially; the control system controls the power on and off of the heads and tails of the six excitation coils 3, thereby forming two regularly moving combined magnetic fluxes on the motor stator 1, and the combined magnetic flux interacts with the magnet 4 on the motor rotor 2 to enable the motor rotor 2 to operate. Since the combined magnetic flux has magnetic poles in the same direction, the current direction of the combined magnetic flux must be set to the same. Therefore, compared with the method known to the inventor in which high-speed current conversion is required to control coils in different positions to generate magnetic fluxes in different directions to control the rotor, this method can effectively reduce the motor temperature, reduce the power loss caused by the heating of the conductor, and reduce the heat dissipation cost; the motor corresponding to this method is a DC motor.

[0023] The magnet 4 is a permanent magnet and is embedded in the rotor bracket 8 .

[0024] When the magnets 4 are distributed relatively loosely, magnetic wings 5 ​​are provided on both sides of the magnets 4 to increase the effective range of the magnets 4 . When the magnets 4 are distributed relatively densely, the magnetic wings 5 ​​are not required.

[0025] The magnetic steel ring 7 and the magnetic wings 5 ​​can be made of high-quality motor steel commonly used in the market, such as rolled silicon steel or electrical iron (high purity iron), while the rotor bracket 8 can be made of engineering plastics such as high-strength nylon or other suitable materials.

[0026] A plurality of claw poles 6 may be provided on the end face of the magnetic steel ring 7 of the motor stator 1 close to the motor rotor 2. The claw poles 6 are T-shaped claw poles or straight-leg claw poles. If the manufacturing cost and process are mature and permitted, the claw poles 6 may also be provided as a plurality of T-shaped claw poles connected to each other at both ends to form a continuous H-shaped claw pole. When a straight-leg claw pole or clawless pole setting is selected, or a split stator is adopted, the permanent magnets 4 and the magnetic wings 5 ​​should be appropriately adjusted.

[0027] The combined magnetic flux and the magnet 4 have two corresponding motion relationships, one is a motion in which the two are completely separated, and the other is a motion in which the two are partially interlaced.

[0028] When the claw pole 6 is set, it will block the two excitation coils 3 on both sides. In order to avoid the influence of the gap caused by the blockage on the merging of the magnetic flux, the ends of the excitation coils 3 on both sides of the claw pole 6 are wound at an angle to each other, and the inclined ends of the excitation coils 3 on both sides are staggered and contacted on the end surface of the magnetic ring 7 where the claw pole 6 is not set. This is more conducive to the merging of the magnetic flux generated after the two excitation coils 3 are energized.

[0029] The principle of combined magnetic flux formation is as follows: the series-connected excitation coils 3, which can combine magnetic flux, utilize a special mechanism that exploits certain similarities between magnetic flux and current, namely the property that N- and S-level magnetic lines of force seek the shortest path to connect. For example, when A1 and A2 are energized simultaneously, they form a combined magnetic flux, with the poles located at the end of A1 away from A2 and the end of A2 away from A1. When claw poles 6 are provided on the magnetic ring 7, each excitation coil 3 has a claw pole 6 on both sides, for a total of six claw poles 6. For example, the claw poles 6 are F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, and F6. F1 is located between A1 and A2, F6 is located on the side of A1 away from A2, and F2 is located on the end of A2 away from A1. When A1 and A2 are energized, F6 and F2 serve as the poles of the combined magnetic flux, while no magnetic flux passes through F1 in the middle.

[0030] When there is a higher requirement for the motor torque, the electromagnetic coil 3 between the combined magnetic fluxes is energized in the reverse direction.

[0031] There is no strictly fixed quantitative relationship between the excitation coil and the permanent magnet. They only need to be designed to meet the reasonable position difference required for the rotor to form and operate.

[0032] Example 2:

[0033] Please refer to Figure 8. The principle of this embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment. This embodiment has two motor rotors 2 and a motor stator 1. Six excitation coils 3 are provided on the motor stator 1. The two motor rotors 2 with magnets 4 are arranged on both axial sides of the motor stator 1. The specific arrangement of the excitation coils 3 and the magnets 4 is the same as that of the first embodiment. Claw poles 6 are provided on both sides of the magnetic steel ring 7 of the motor stator 1.

[0034] At this time, if the manufacturing cost and process are mature and allowed, the claw pole 6 can be configured as a plurality of T-shaped claw poles with both ends connected to each other to form a continuous field-shaped claw pole.

[0035] This embodiment is the energy-saving mode of the first embodiment, using a symmetrical claw pole 6 (in the case of a single-sided claw pole 6, magnetic flux leakage will occur on the non-claw pole side of the excitation coil 3, and the motor housing needs to use a non-magnetic material such as aluminum alloy to ensure that most of the magnetic flux is concentrated on the claw pole 6 part of the stator). The symmetrical claw pole 6 can reduce magnetic flux leakage and fully utilize the electromagnetic force.

[0036] Example 3:

[0037] The principle of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment one or two, except that the setting positions of the excitation coil 3 and the magnet 4 are interchanged, that is, the magnet 4 is set on the motor stator 1, and the excitation coil 3 is set on the motor rotor 2. In this mode, since the rotor needs to move, a slip ring needs to be set to power the excitation coil 3 on the rotating motor rotor 2, and the motor becomes a brushed motor.

[0038] Example 4:

[0039] This embodiment has the same general structure as the first, second or third embodiment, except that: N groups of combined magnetic fluxes greater than two groups are provided on the motor stator 1, and one or more non-energized or reversely energized excitation coils 3 are provided between two adjacent groups of combined magnetic fluxes.

[0040] Embodiment 5:

[0041] The structure of this embodiment is generally the same as that of Embodiments 1, 2, or 3, except that magnet 4 is an excitation coil, which generates magnetic flux by energizing the excitation coil. When magnet 4 is mounted on motor rotor 2, a slip ring is required to power the excitation coil on the rotating motor rotor 2, converting the motor into a brushless motor.

[0042] Example 6:

[0043] This embodiment has the same general structure as the first, second or third embodiment, except that: a Hall effect sensor or a photoelectric semiconductor sensor for detecting the rotor position is provided on the driving circuit board or the motor housing of the circumferentially arranged variable series flux motor. The rotor position is obtained by the Hall effect sensor or the photoelectric semiconductor sensor (holes are made on the bracket so that the photoelectric semiconductor sensor can be used for sensing), thereby coordinating the on and off of the six excitation coils 3. Two Hall effect sensors or photoelectric semiconductor sensors can be provided, one of which is used to assist in detecting whether the other sensor is working normally through comparison; when the sensor is provided, the motor is an inductive motor, and when the sensor is not provided, the motor is an inductive motor.

[0044] Embodiment seven:

[0045] The principle of this embodiment is the same as that of the first or second embodiment, except that: when the motor is in the conventional drive mode, coils A1 and A4 can be energized in the reverse direction. At this time, coils A2, A3, A5, and A6 form a combined magnetic flux, which is opposite to the magnetic pole direction of magnet 4, attracting magnet 4 to rotate clockwise. A1 and A4 have currents opposite to those of coils A2, A3, A5, and A6, and are the same as those of magnet 4, generating a repulsive force on magnet 4.

[0046] Embodiment 8:

[0047] When the motor is driven in induction mode, the motor rotor 2 can be a permanent magnet, or the squirrel cage motor principle can be adopted, with metal conductors such as copper and aluminum evenly distributed in segments on a concentric rotor bracket 8 parallel to the stator coil for movement.

[0048] Embodiment 9:

[0049] When the motor is driven in reluctance mode, it is only necessary to set the motor rotor 2 as a segmented magnetic conductor (such as stacked silicon steel sheets) and the design form meets the reluctance operation.

[0050] Embodiment 10:

[0051] In addition to the solution of the aforementioned embodiment, an inductive current recovery circuit is additionally provided on the circuit board for recovering the induced current generated by the magnet through the non-energized coil, thereby feeding back the current to the capacitor or the energized coil to achieve an ultimate energy-saving effect.

[0052] Example 11:

[0053] As shown in FIG9 , a circumferentially arranged variable series magnetic flux motor is provided. The motor is an induction motor mode, and the wiring method is different from that in the eighth embodiment. The motor as a whole comprises a motor stator (1) and a motor rotor (2). The motor rotor (2) is located on one side of the axial direction of the motor stator (1). The motor stator (1) or the motor rotor (2) is provided with a plurality of excitation coils (3) with magnetic poles arranged along the circumference of the motor shaft. The plurality of excitation coils (3) are evenly wound around the motor stator (1) or the motor rotor (2) along the circumference. The plurality of excitation coils (3) are connected end to end in series. Along the circumference, the end-to-end connection positions between the plurality of adjacent excitation coils (3) are sequentially connected to the three phases of a plurality of three-phase electricity groups. The plurality of three-phase electricity groups are arranged in parallel. The overall wiring method is an upward parallel connection (three-phase electricity parallel connection) and a downward series connection (coil series connection). The working principle of this wiring method is that when power is turned on, the plurality of excitation coils (3) automatically generate a magnetic flux for circumferential motion.

[0054] Adaptive changes based on actual needs are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0055] It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims, not the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims be encompassed within the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claim to which they relate.

[0056] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only intended to help understand the method and core concept of the present invention. At the same time, those skilled in the art will find that the specific implementation methods and application scopes may vary based on the concept of the present invention. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A circumferentially arranged variable series flux motor, characterized in that, It includes a motor stator (1) and a motor rotor (2). The motor rotor (2) is located on one axial side of the motor stator (1). There are a number of exciting coils (3) with magnetic poles arranged circumferentially along the motor axis on the motor stator (1) or the motor rotor (2). The number of exciting coils (3) is evenly wound around the motor stator (1) or the motor rotor (2) circumferentially. At least two adjacent exciting coils (3) are energized simultaneously to form a combined magnetic flux. There are at least two combined magnetic fluxes provided on the motor stator (1) or the motor rotor (2). There is at least one exciting coil (3) spaced between adjacent combined magnetic fluxes. The number of exciting coils (3) is respectively connected to a control system circuit board for controlling the on-off of the head and tail of the exciting coils (3). An arc-shaped magnet (4) coaxial with the exciting coil (3) is provided on the motor rotor (2) or the motor stator (1) where the combined magnetic flux is not provided. The two magnetic poles of the magnet (4) are arranged circumferentially along the motor axis and are parallel to the effective magnetic flux range of the exciting coil (3).

2. The circumferentially arranged variable series flux motor according to claim 1, wherein The circumferentially arranged variable series magnetic flux motor includes two motor stators (1) and one motor rotor (2). The two motor stators (1) are respectively located on the two axial sides of the motor rotor (2).

3. The circumferentially arranged variable magnetic pole flux motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The circumferentially arranged variable series magnetic flux motor includes two motor rotors (2) and one motor stator (1). The two motor rotors (2) are respectively located on the two axial sides of the motor stator (1).

4. The circumferentially arranged variable series flux motor according to claim 1, wherein A number of claw poles (6) are provided on the end face of the magnetic steel ring (7) of the motor rotor (2) close to the motor rotor (2). The claw poles (6) are T-shaped claw poles, straight-foot claw poles, continuously upper and lower H-shaped claw poles or cross-shaped claw poles.

5. The circumferentially arranged variable series flux motor according to claim 4, characterized in that, The combined magnetic flux is provided on the magnetic steel ring (7) of the motor rotor (2). The end parts of the exciting coils (3) on both sides of the claw pole (6) are wound obliquely. The inclined end parts of the exciting coils (3) on both sides are in staggered contact on the end face of the magnetic steel ring (7) where the claw pole (6) is not provided.

6. The circumferentially arranged variable magnetic pole flux motor according to claim 1, characterized in that Magnetic wings (5) for increasing the action range of the magnet (4) are provided on both sides of the magnet (4).

7. The circumferentially arranged variable magnetic pole flux motor according to claim 1, wherein, The combined magnetic flux and the magnetic poles of the magnet (4) are completely spaced or staggered during motor operation.

8. The circumferentially arranged variable series flux motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnet (4) is a permanent magnet or an exciting coil.

9. The circumferentially arranged variable series flux motor according to claim 1, characterized in that A Hall effect sensor or a photoelectric semiconductor sensor for detecting the rotor position is provided on the motor stator (1) or the motor housing of the circumferentially arranged variable magnetic pole magnetic flux motor.

10. The circumferentially arranged variable series flux motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, An induced current recovery circuit for recovering the induced current generated by the magnet (4) is provided on the control system circuit board.

11. A circumferentially arranged variable series flux motor, characterized in that, It includes a motor stator (1) and a motor rotor (2). The motor rotor (2) is located on one axial side of the motor stator (1). There are a number of exciting coils (3) with magnetic poles arranged circumferentially along the motor axis on the motor stator (1) or the motor rotor (2). The number of exciting coils (3) are evenly wound circumferentially on the motor stator (1) or the motor rotor (2). The number of exciting coils (3) are connected end to end in series. Circumferentially, the end-to-end connection positions between a number of adjacent exciting coils (3) are sequentially connected to the three phases of multiple sets of three-phase electricity.

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