Device for discharging bulk material

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for discharging bulk material, in particular chips, from a storage space (1), having a push profile (2) which can be displaced longitudinally by means of a hydraulic drive and from which at least one bulk material carry-along element (3) projects. In order to propose a device for periodically discharging bulk material, in particular chips, from a storage space (1), which device takes up only little room in the storage space (1) despite having a robust and simple construction, the hydraulic drive is formed by two opposite-running hydraulic cylinders (6, 7) which are arranged in a cavity section (8) of the push profile (2) and each of which is attached at one end to a ground anchor (9) and at the other end to the push profile (2), wherein the push profile (2) covers the hydraulic cylinders (6, 7).

Description

[0001] Device for discharging bulk material

[0002] Technical area

[0003] The invention relates to a device for discharging bulk material, in particular wood chips, from a storage space with a push profile which can be displaced longitudinally via a hydraulic drive and from which at least one bulk material carrying element protrudes.

[0004] State of the art

[0005] DE102010008196A1 discloses a device for discharging bulk material from a storage space. This device has a longitudinally displaceable push rod, which is periodically moved back and forth in the longitudinal direction of the push rod by a hydraulic cylinder acting as a hydraulic drive. Bulk material conveying elements, which protrude transversely from the push rod and run parallel to the floor of the storage space, convey the bulk material from the floor of the storage space into a discharge opening, for example, a depression, from which the bulk material is discharged by a screw conveyor. The hydraulic drive is arranged in a drive chamber, which is separated from the floor of the storage space, on which the bulk material is located, by the discharge opening. The disadvantage of the hydraulic drive is that it requires additional space, which cannot be used as a storage space for the bulk material.Furthermore, the arrangement causes an unfavorable load on the hydraulic cylinder, since during the discharge stroke, when the hydraulic cylinder contracts, the full piston area is not available for force generation, but higher resistances are present in this direction due to the bulk material entrainment, so that the hydraulic cylinder must be oversized accordingly.

[0006] KR200325152Y1 discloses a device for discharging sludge from a storage chamber, comprising a thrust profile having a lens-shaped carrier element, which is driven for longitudinal displacement by a hydraulic cylinder located outside the storage chamber. An alternative embodiment shows that a motor located outside the storage chamber is used as the drive for the longitudinal displacement of the thrust profile, which drives a threaded spindle running within the thrust profile and displacing the thrust profile longitudinally. These devices also require additional space for the drives.

[0007] DE19723357A1 shows a device similar to KR200325152Y1, in which two counter-rotating hydraulic cylinders arranged in the storage chamber and supported against the floor are used to drive the lens-shaped carrier element. The disadvantage of this is that the hydraulic cylinders can become contaminated, and their freedom of movement can be impaired by mud-induced sticking and jamming.

[0008] WO2005095237A1 discloses a table-shaped device for discharging bulk material with a thrust profile having bulk material conveying elements. To reduce bulk material-induced jamming, a hydraulic cylinder serves as a hydraulic drive for longitudinally displacing the thrust profile, located at one end in a hollow section of the thrust profile and at the other end on a front wall of the table. To maximize the usable table area, the thrust profile is arranged at the edge of the table. A disadvantage, however, is that for unrestricted guidance of the bulk material conveying elements, two thrust profiles must be provided on the opposite longitudinal edges of the table, which accommodate the bulk material conveying elements between them; otherwise, wedging and overloading of the bulk material conveying elements would occur. WO2004071905A2 discloses a device for removing animal manure with a two-part profile.A hydraulic drive for a longitudinally movable animal manure scraper is located in the stationary profile. However, this device is not suitable for periodic discharge of bulk material, as a backward movement of the animal manure scraper would cause the bulk material to become trapped between the scraper and the wall.

[0009] Description of the invention

[0010] The invention is therefore based on the object of proposing a device for the periodic discharge of bulk material, in particular wood chips, from a storage room, which, despite its robust and simple construction, takes up little space in the storage room.

[0011] The invention achieves this objective by providing a hydraulic drive consisting of two counter-rotating hydraulic cylinders arranged in a hollow section of the thrust profile. Each of these cylinders is attached at one end to a ground anchor and at the other end to the thrust profile, with the thrust profile covering the hydraulic cylinders. Because the hydraulic cylinders are arranged as hydraulic drives in the thrust profile itself located in the storage space, no additional space is required for the hydraulic drive. At the same time, the thrust profile, which at least partially covers the hydraulic cylinders, protects the hydraulic cylinders from the bulk material being conveyed, preventing jamming or contamination of the hydraulic drive.According to the invention, the hydraulic drive is formed by two hydraulic cylinders, which allows for the use of smaller, more cost-effective hydraulic cylinders without having to accept a loss of power, and at the same time allows the unused space already present in the hollow thrust profile to be utilized. Furthermore, by individually pressurizing the individual hydraulic cylinders with hydraulic fluid, the thrust forces and thrust direction of the thrust profile can be specifically controlled. The two hydraulic cylinders are arranged in opposite directions. This means that the hydraulic cylinders are arranged so that the piston extension of one hydraulic cylinder occurs in the opposite direction to the piston extension of the other hydraulic cylinder. The two hydraulic cylinders are arranged one behind the other along the longitudinal axis of the hollow profile. This allows the same actuating force to be achieved in both thrust directions.In addition, the pendulum volume of the hydraulic fluid is reduced and the hydraulic tank can be made smaller. The resulting forces can be advantageously dissipated into the ground via the preferably shared ground anchor. Oversizing the silo walls or the silo floor or a separate support structure to dissipate the pushing forces is not necessary. In a preferred embodiment, both hydraulic cylinders are completely covered by the thrust profile on the deck side. In an embodiment that is particularly resistant to contamination, both hydraulic cylinders can be enclosed by the thrust profile. The housing formed by the thrust profile can protect the hydraulic cylinders from the environment through its deck and side housing sections. The housing can be perforated on the bottom side, for example, to accommodate the ground anchor.

[0012] The periodically moving thrust profile, for example a square profile, C-profile or U-profile, moves at least one bulk material entrainment element connected to the thrust profile, as a result of which bulk material is entrained. A discharge chamber, for example a depression, can be provided in the storage space, into which the bulk material is conveyed by the bulk material entrainment element and in which a conveyor screw for discharging the bulk material can be arranged. Alternatively, the conveyor screw can be arranged at level with the thrust profile in the storage space. The device can therefore be used for the periodic discharge of bulk material. The bulk material entrainment element can have a wedge-shaped cross-section that increases in the direction of the discharge chamber. The bulk material entrainment element can protrude from the thrust profile on both sides with respect to the longitudinal axis of the thrust profile.Preferably, a plurality of bulk material conveying elements are provided on the thrust profile, spaced apart from one another in the direction of the thrust profile's longitudinal axis, to enable even discharge of the bulk material. If the thrust profile has a longitudinal guide opening for the ground anchor on the bottom side, the ground anchor can be used not only to transfer forces but also to guide the thrust profile. The thrust profile can be designed as a C-profile, with the longitudinal guide opening, which can extend over the entire length of the thrust profile, being arranged on the bottom side. The ground anchor can thus be accommodated in sections in the thrust profile, where it accommodates the hydraulic cylinders, and in sections connected to the floor in the storage space. Particularly effective force transfer is achieved if the ground anchor is embedded in the floor of the storage space. For example, the ground anchor can be cast with concrete.

[0013] Particularly favorable conditions for a simple supply of the hydraulic drive are achieved by attaching the hydraulic cylinders with the cylinder housing to the common ground anchor and the piston rod to the thrust profile. Since the hydraulic cylinders are stationary, the hydraulic lines for supplying them can also be stationary. Alternatively, the hydraulic cylinders can be attached with the piston rod to the common ground anchor and the cylinder housing to the thrust profile. This prevents relative movements between the hydraulic lines and the thrust profile, which could lead to damage.

[0014] To protect not only the hydraulic drives but also the control components, position sensors for the hydraulic cylinders can be installed in the hollow section of the thrust profile and / or in the hydraulic cylinder. In the simplest case, the position sensors can be designed as limit switches.

[0015] To ensure that existing storage spaces can be easily retrofitted with the device, it is recommended that the hydraulic lines supplying the hydraulic cylinders are routed within the thrust profile. This results in a compact device that does not require any separate assembly work for laying the hydraulic lines. For this purpose, the hydraulic lines leading to the hydraulic cylinders can be led through an opening in the thrust profile on the discharge chamber side to a control unit comprising a hydraulic supply unit. The hydraulic lines are advantageously designed to be flexible to compensate for length differences and are connected to the thrust profile to prevent relative movement. To protect the hydraulic lines outside the thrust profile, a cover, preferably telescopic, that accommodates the hydraulic lines can be provided between the thrust profile and the control unit.

[0016] The hydraulic lines can be effectively shielded from the bulk material being conveyed if the hydraulic lines supplying the hydraulic cylinders are routed in the floor of the storage chamber. A channel can be provided in the floor for this purpose.

[0017] In order to be able to discharge bulk material from particularly wide storage spaces without compromising the stability of the bulk material conveying elements, it is proposed that two longitudinally displaceable thrust profiles, each with at least one bulk material conveying element, be arranged side by side. "Side by side" in this context means that the thrust profiles run parallel to each other and are spaced apart transversely to their longitudinal direction.

[0018] To ensure that bulk material can be discharged from particularly long storage spaces without risking damage to the storage space floor, it is proposed that the hydraulic drive comprise, in addition to a first pair of hydraulic cylinders comprising two counter-rotating hydraulic cylinders, a second pair of hydraulic cylinders comprising two counter-rotating hydraulic cylinders. The hydraulic cylinder pairs are arranged one behind the other in the thrust direction in the hollow section of the thrust profile, and each hydraulic cylinder pair is assigned its own ground anchor. This allows the forces to be distributed across multiple points on the floor of the storage space.

[0019] Brief description of the invention The drawing shows an example of the subject matter of the invention.

[0020] Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of a device according to the invention for discharging bulk material,

[0021] Fig. 2 is a side view of a first embodiment of a device according to the invention shown in Fig. 1 on an enlarged scale,

[0022] Fig. 3 is a cross-section of the device shown in Fig. 2 along the section line III-III on a further enlarged scale,

[0023] Fig. 4 is a side view of a second embodiment of a device according to the invention with hydraulic lines guided in the ground and

[0024] Fig. 5 is a side view of a third embodiment of a device according to the invention.

[0025] Ways to implement the invention

[0026] A device according to the invention for discharging bulk material, in particular wood chips, from a storage space 1 is shown schematically in Fig. 1. The device has a longitudinally displaceable thrust profile 2 with bulk material conveying elements 3 projecting transversely to the thrust direction S. The bulk material conveying elements 3 serve to transfer the bulk material in the storage space 1 in the thrust direction S into a discharge space 4, for example a depression. A conveyor screw 5 can then discharge the bulk material from the discharge space 4, for example into a combustion chamber or onto a conveyor belt. In order to enable proper bulk material discharge from wide spaces, two longitudinally displaceable thrust profiles 2 with bulk material conveying elements 3 can be arranged next to one another, as illustrated in Fig. 1.

[0027] Fig. 2 shows a side view of a device according to the invention, with the thrust profile 2 shown partially cut away. The thrust profile 2 and the bulk material conveying elements 3 projecting therefrom can be displaced by means of a hydraulic drive. The hydraulic drive is formed by a hydraulic cylinder 6 acting in the thrust direction S and a hydraulic cylinder 7 acting against the thrust direction S, i.e. the hydraulic cylinders 6, 7 are operated in opposite directions. The hydraulic cylinders 6, 7 are arranged in a hollow section 8 of the thrust profile 2 and are fastened to the floor of the storage space 1 by means of a floor anchor 9. Preferably, the cylinder housings 10 are arranged on the common floor anchor 9 and the piston rods 11 on the thrust profile 2. A control unit 12 comprising a hydraulic supply unit is provided to regulate the hydraulic pressure depending on the bulk material requirements.The hydraulic lines 13 run through an opening in the thrust profile 2, which is arranged on the side of the discharge chamber 4, from the thrust profile 2 to the control unit 12. In order to move bulk material more effectively in the thrust direction S, but at the same time to move as little bulk material as possible against the thrust direction S when the thrust profile 2 is returned, the bulk material carrying elements 3 have a wedge-shaped cross-section.

[0028] Fig. 3 shows a cross-section of a shear profile 2 according to the invention to illustrate the fixation of the shear profile 2 to the floor of the storage space 1 by means of the ground anchor 9, which protrudes through a longitudinal guide opening F in the floor of the shear profile 2. The ground anchor 9 can be connected to an anchoring support 14 in a force-fitting, preferably material-fitting manner. The anchoring support 14 and the ground anchor 9 can be cast into the floor of the storage space 1, for example, with concrete.

[0029] Fig. 4 shows a second embodiment of a device according to the invention, in which the hydraulic lines 13 are routed within a channel 15 running in the floor of the storage chamber 1. This allows the hydraulic lines 13 to be protected from the external influences acting in the storage chamber 1 between the hydraulic cylinders 6, 7 and the bulk material.

[0030] To detect the position of the hydraulic cylinders 6, 7, position sensors 16 can be provided in the cavity section 8 and in the hydraulic cylinder 6, 7, as shown in Figs. 2 and 4. Fig. 5 shows a third embodiment of the device according to the invention, in which the hydraulic cylinders 6, 7 are attached with the piston rod 11 to the common ground anchor 9 and with the cylinder housing 10 to the thrust profile 2. In this way, a relative movement between the hydraulic lines 13 and the thrust profile 2 can be prevented. The hydraulic lines 13 can be designed to be flexible for length compensation. The hydraulic lines 13 can also be connected to the thrust profile 2.

Claims

Patent claims 1. Device for discharging bulk material, in particular wood chips, from a storage space (1) with a push profile (2) which can be moved longitudinally via a hydraulic drive and from which at least one bulk material carrying element (3) projects, characterized in that the hydraulic drive is formed by two counter-rotating hydraulic cylinders (6, 7) arranged in a hollow section (8) of the push profile (2), which are each attached at one end to a ground anchor (9) and at the other end to the push profile (2), the push profile (2) covering the hydraulic cylinders (6, 7).

2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the thrust profile (2) has a longitudinal guide opening (F) for the ground anchor (9) on the bottom side.

3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the ground anchor (9) is embedded in the floor of the storage space (1).

4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the hydraulic cylinders (6, 7) are attached with the cylinder housing (10) to the common ground anchor (9) and with the piston rod (11) to the thrust profile (2).

5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the hydraulic cylinders (6, 7) are attached with the piston rod (11) to the common ground anchor (9) and with the cylinder housing (10) to the thrust profile (2).

6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that position sensors (16) for the hydraulic cylinders (6, 7) are arranged in the hollow section (8) of the thrust profile (2) and / or in the hydraulic cylinder (6, 7).

7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the hydraulic lines (13) for supplying the hydraulic cylinders (6, 7) are guided in the thrust profile (2).

8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the hydraulic lines (13) for supplying the hydraulic cylinders (6, 7) in floor of the storage room (1).

9. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that two longitudinally displaceable thrust profiles (2), each with at least one bulk material entrainment element (3), are arranged next to one another.

10. Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the hydraulic drive, in addition to a first hydraulic cylinder pair comprising two counter-rotating hydraulic cylinders (6, 7), has a second hydraulic cylinder pair comprising two counter-rotating hydraulic cylinders (6, 7), wherein the hydraulic cylinder pairs are arranged one behind the other in the hollow section (8) of the thrust profile (2) in the thrust direction (S), and each hydraulic cylinder pair is assigned its own ground anchor (9).

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