Methods and devices for digital twin based wireless communication performance optimization
By integrating digital twin functions in network element nodes, wireless communication systems achieve enhanced predictive capabilities and optimized performance through real-time simulation and pre-verification, addressing inefficiencies in existing systems.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/076942
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-02-08
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-14
AI Technical Summary
Existing wireless communication systems lack deep integration of digital twin technology into their logical system architecture, leading to sub-optimal performance and inefficient use of resources due to a lack of real-time simulation and pre-verification capabilities.
Implementing digital twin functions in network element nodes to facilitate real-time data collection, modeling, and simulation, enabling pre-verification of communication operations and optimizing wireless communication performance through digital twin service requests, responses, and operations.
Enhances the predictive capabilities of wireless communication systems, allowing for quicker problem identification and solution verification, reducing unnecessary trials and errors, and optimizing resource usage.
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Figure CN2024076942_14082025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
METHODS AND DEVICES FOR DIGITAL TWIN BASED WIRELESS COMMUNICATION PERFORMANCE OPTIMIZATIONTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure is directed generally to wireless communications. Particularly, the present disclosure relates to methods and devices for optimizing wireless communication performance using digital twin technology.BACKGROUND
[0002] With the advanced simulation technologies such as digital twin being integrated into the wireless communication systems, the architecture, features, functions, service flows, or system performance of the Next generation (NG) , for a non-limiting example 5.5th generation (5G-A) and 6th generation (6G) wireless communication systems will be affected and presented optimally. With the real-state digital driving, twin modeling, simulation, and pre-verification capabilities based on the digital twin technology, the operational performance of 5G-A and 6G wireless communication systems can be optimized and enhanced to improve the service experience of 5G-A and 6G mobile users.SUMMARY
[0003] This document relates to methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication, and more specifically, for optimizing wireless communication performance using digital twin technology. The various embodiments in the present disclosure may facilitate to optimize various performance parameters of a wireless communication system.
[0004] In one embodiment, the present disclosure describes a method for wireless communication. The method may include receiving, by a first network element node with a digital twin function, a twin service request corresponding to a specific twin service use case from a twin service requester. The method may further include, in response to the twin service request, transmitting, by the first network element node, a twin service response to the twin service requester. The method may further include performing, by the first network element node, a digital twin service operation based on the twin service request.
[0005] In another embodiment, an apparatus for wireless communication may include a memory storing instructions and a processing circuitry in communication with the memory. When the processing circuitry executes the instructions, the processing circuitry is configured to carry out the above method.
[0006] In another embodiment, a device for wireless communication may include a memory storing instructions and a processing circuitry in communication with the memory. When the processing circuitry executes the instructions, the processing circuitry is configured to carry out the above method.
[0007] In another embodiments, a computer-readable medium comprising instructions which, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to carry out the above method. The computer-readable medium includes a non-transitory computer-readable medium.
[0008] The above and other aspects and their implementations are described in greater detail in the drawings, the descriptions, and the claims.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0009] FIG. 1 schematically shows a principle architecture of a wireless communication system without the digital twin capability.
[0010] FIG. 2 schematically shows a principle architecture of a wireless communication system with the digital twin capability.
[0011] FIG. 3 schematically shows an exemplary base station.
[0012] FIG. 4 schematically shows an exemplary user equipment.
[0013] FIG. 5 shows a flow diagram of an exemplary method for wireless communication.
[0014] FIG. 6 shows an exemplary digital twin function module in a network element node.
[0015] FIG. 7 schematically shows an exemplary wireless system in which one network element node has a digital twin function.
[0016] FIG. 8 schematically shows an exemplary wireless system in which both network element nodes have a digital twin function.
[0017] FIG. 9 shows a flow diagram of an exemplary embodiment utilizing digital twin to optimize wireless communication performance.
[0018] FIG. 10 shows a flow diagram of another exemplary embodiment utilizing digital twin to optimize wireless communication performance.
[0019] FIG. 11 shows a flow diagram of another exemplary embodiment utilizing digital twin to optimize wireless communication performance.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0020] The present disclosure will now be described in detail hereinafter with reference to the accompanied drawings, which form a part of the present disclosure, and which show, by way of illustration, specific examples of embodiments. Please note that the present disclosure may, however, be embodied in a variety of different forms and, therefore, the covered or claimed subject matter is intended to be construed as not being limited to any of the embodiments to be set forth below.
[0021] Throughout the specification and claims, terms may have nuanced meanings suggested or implied in context beyond an explicitly stated meaning. Likewise, the phrase “in an embodiment” or “in some embodiments” as used herein does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment and the phrase “in another embodiment” or “in other embodiments” as used herein does not necessarily refer to a different embodiment. The phrase “in an implementation” or “in some implementations” as used herein does not necessarily refer to the same implementation and the phrase “in another implementation” or “in other implementations” as used herein does not necessarily refer to a different implementation. It is intended, for example, that claimed subject matter includes combinations of exemplary embodiments or implementations in whole or in part.
[0022] In general, terminology may be understood at least in part from usage in context. For example, terms, such as “and” , “or” , or “and / or, ” as used herein may include a variety of meanings that may depend at least in part upon the context in which such terms are used. Typically, “or” if used to associate a list, such as A, B or C, is intended to mean A, B, and C, here used in the inclusive sense, as well as A, B or C, here used in the exclusive sense. In addition, the term “one or more” or “at least one” as used herein, depending at least in part upon context, may be used to describe any feature, structure, or characteristic in a singular sense or may be used to describe combinations of features, structures or characteristics in a plural sense. Similarly, terms, such as “a” , “an” , or “the” , again, may be understood to convey a singular usage or to convey a plural usage, depending at least in part upon context. In addition, the term “based on” or “determined by” may be understood as not necessarily intended to convey an exclusive set of factors and may, instead, allow for existence of additional factors not necessarily expressly described, again, depending at least in part on context.
[0023] The present disclosure describes methods and devices for optimizing wireless communication performance based on digital twin technology.
[0024] The basic principle of the digital twin technology in wireless networks is as follows: based on the specific target twin tasks of system users, for example, wireless network operations, administration and maintenance (OAM) personnel, real-time data collection and modeling fidelity reproduction are performed for specific “physical objects” (twins) in physical networks to form the corresponding “digital twins, ” i.e., digital space mapping of physical objects. Further, based on the digital planning body, i.e., the expected direction and target for the future development of physical objects, constructed by intentions of user-specific management and control analysis or future change demands, the digital twin function of the system implements a specific-level simulation strategy and dynamic simulation execution operation for the digital twin, and continuously drives the evolution of the digital twin to approach the expected target status result of the digital planning body, so that the system user can predict and pre-verify the causal relationship between the trend, direction, status, conditions, path, and effect of the future changes of the physical object to some extent. Therefore, the digital twin technology of a wireless network can assist a network user in predicting conditions for development and change of a target objective thing (or an abstract transaction) and various internal causal relationships, for example, whether a relatively strong inevitable probability, regularity, and deterministic causal relationship exist behind the target objective thing, so that the network user can more quickly identify and locate a problem, and search for a better potential solution and verify their effect and performance. Therefore, unnecessary practical trial and error and extra costs caused by implementation of a sub-optimal solution can be avoided, and the like.
[0025] At present, the simulation pre-verification function based on the digital twin technology is mainly used in non-real-time technologies such as wireless network planning, OAM optimization, and other technologies. It presents the operation characteristics of external mounting, and is not deeply integrated into the logical system architecture and flow of the wireless system. Therefore, the applicability, performance gain, and effect efficiency still need to be improved. In the future, the 6G wireless system may natively support the digital twin technology in terms of the logical system architecture, functions, and processes of the 6G wireless communication. For example, the wireless communication system can support the simulation and pre-verification functions of twin modeling driven by real data, and can manage and control internally various digital twin operations.
[0026] The present disclosure presents a principle architecture design for optimizing wireless system performance based on a digital twin technology and provides the process logic design for a digital twin service.
[0027] FIG. 1 shows a principle architecture of a conventional exemplary wireless communication system 100 without the digital twin capability. The wireless communication system 100 includes a user equipment (UE) 110 and a network base station (BS) 120. In some implementations, the wireless communication system 100 may also include a core network (not shown) . All communication service behaviors of the UE 110 or the BS 120 are based on real event requirements, and physically, real execution occurs. In the running state of the system 100, there is not operation of digital modeling and simulation for network physical entity objects. Therefore, regardless of whether a radio signal is sent or received at an air interface physical layer, protocol data packet transmission at an air interface higher layer, or data packet transmission of a user service application, real-time triggering is performed in a physical sense, and actual execution is completed. As a result, wireless communication resources such as time, space, frequency, power, and computing power are consumed in these physical communication service actions.
[0028] FIG. 2 shows a principal architecture of a new exemplary wireless communication system 200 with the digital twin capability. The new wireless communication system 200 includes two network element (NE) nodes, a UE 210 and a BS 220. In some implementations, the wireless communication system 200 may also other NE nodes such as a core network (not shown) . The NE node 210 includes a digital twin function 212 and the NE node 220 includes a digital twin function 222. The digital twin functions 212 and 222 may assist in collaborating with and empowering the application functions and communication functions in the NE nodes. It would be appreciated that the NE node 210 may also be a base station or a core network, and the NE node 220 may also be user equipment or a core network. Accordingly, the digital twin function may be implemented and executed in a UE, a BS, or a core network.
[0029] FIG. 6 shows an exemplary module 600 of the twin function 212 / 222 of the NE node 210 / 220 in FIG. 2. The twin function module 600 may be expanded into several twin sub-function modules. As shown in FIG. 6, from the perspective of its services for external applications / communication functions, the twin function module 600 may receive twin service requests from the applications / communication functions, send twin service responses to the applications / communication functions, transceive twin service simulation pre-verification result reports and twin service data for interactive transmission.
[0030] Referring to FIG. 2, in an implementation, the NE node 210 may twin the application function of the NE node 210. In an implementation, the NE node 210 may twin the communication function of the NE node 210. In an implementation, the NE node 210 may twin the application function of the NE node 220. In an implementation, the NE node 210 may twin the communication function of the NE node 220. In an implementation, the NE node 210 may twin NE node 220 in its entirety.
[0031] Similarly, in an implementation, the NE node 220 may use its digital twin function to twin the application function of the NE node 210. In an implementation, the NE node 220 may twin the application function of the NE node 220. In an implementation, the NE node 220 may twin the communication function of the NE node 210. In an implementation, the NE node 220 may twin the communication function of the NE node 220. In an implementation, the NE node 220 may twin NE node 210 in its entirety.
[0032] FIG. 3 shows an example of electronic device 300 to implement a network base station such as the BS 220. The example electronic device 300 may include radio transmitting / receiving (Tx / Rx) circuitry 308 to transmit / receive communication with UEs and / or other base stations. The electronic device 300 may also include network interface circuitry 309 to communicate the base station with other base stations and / or a core network, e.g., optical or wireline interconnects, Ethernet, and / or other data transmission mediums / protocols. The electronic device 300 may optionally include an input / output (I / O) interface 306 to communicate with an operator or the like.
[0033] The electronic device 300 may also include system circuitry 304. The system circuitry 304 may include processor (s) 321 and / or memory 322. The memory 322 may include an operating system 324, instructions 326, and parameters 328. The instructions 326 may be configured for the one or more of the processors 124 to perform the functions of the network node. The parameters 328 may include parameters to support execution of the instructions 326. For example, parameters may include network protocol settings, bandwidth parameters, radio frequency mapping assignments, and / or other parameters.
[0034] FIG. 4 shows an example of an electronic device 400 to implement a user equipment such as the UE 210. The electronic device 400 may be a mobile device, for example, a smart phone or a mobile communication module disposed in a vehicle. The electronic device 400 may include communication interfaces 402, a system circuitry 404, an input / output interfaces (I / O) 406, a display circuitry 408, and a storage 409. The display circuitry may include a user interface 410. The system circuitry 404 may include any combination of hardware, software, firmware, or other logic / circuitry. The system circuitry 404 may be implemented, for example, with one or more systems on a chip (SoC) , application specific integrated circuits (ASIC) , discrete analog and digital circuits, and other circuitries. The system circuitry 404 may be a part of the implementation of any desired functionality in the UE 400. In that regard, the system circuitry 404 may include logic that facilitates, as examples, decoding and playing music and video, e.g., MP3, MP4, MPEG, AVI, FLAC, AC3, or WAV decoding and playback; running applications; accepting user inputs; saving and retrieving application data; establishing, maintaining, and terminating cellular phone calls or data connections for, as one example, internet connectivity; establishing, maintaining, and terminating wireless network connections, Bluetooth connections, or other connections; and displaying relevant information on the user interface 410. The user interface 410 and the inputs / output (I / O) interfaces 406 may include a graphical user interface, touch sensitive display, haptic feedback or other haptic output, voice or facial recognition inputs, buttons, switches, speakers and other user interface elements. Additional examples of the I / O interfaces 406 may include microphones, video and still image cameras, temperature sensors, vibration sensors, rotation and orientation sensors, headset and microphone input / output jacks, Universal Serial Bus (USB) connectors, memory card slots, radiation sensors (e.g., IR sensors) , and other types of inputs.
[0035] Referring to FIG. 4, the communication interfaces 402 may include a Radio Frequency (RF) transmit (Tx) and receive (Rx) circuitry 416 which handles transmission and reception of signals through one or more antennas 414. The communication interface 402 may include one or more transceivers. The transceivers may be wireless transceivers that include modulation / demodulation circuitry, digital to analog converters (DACs) , shaping tables, analog to digital converters (ADCs) , filters, waveform shapers, filters, pre-amplifiers, power amplifiers and / or other logic for transmitting and receiving through one or more antennas, or (for some devices) through a physical (e.g., wireline) medium. The transmitted and received signals may adhere to any of a diverse array of formats, protocols, modulations (e.g., QPSK, 16-QAM, 64-QAM, or 256-QAM) , frequency channels, bit rates, and encodings. As one specific example, the communication interfaces 402 may include transceivers that support transmission and reception under the 2G, 3G, BT, WiFi, Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) , High Speed Packet Access (HSPA) +, 4G / Long Term Evolution (LTE) , 5G standards, 6G standards, or any other telecommunication standards. The techniques described below, however, are applicable to other wireless communications technologies whether arising from the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) , GSM Association, 3GPP2, IEEE, or other partnerships or standards bodies.
[0036] Referring to FIG. 4, the system circuitry 404 may include one or more processors 421 and memories 422. The memory 422 stores, for example, an operating system 424, instructions 426, and parameters 428. The processor 421 is configured to execute the instructions 426 to carry out desired functionality for the UE 400. The parameters 428 may provide and specify configuration and operating options for the instructions 426. The memory 422 may also store any BT, WiFi, 3G, 4G, 5G, 6G, or other data that the UE 400 will send, or has received, through the communication interfaces 402. In various implementations, a system power for the UE 400 may be supplied by a power storage device, such as a battery or a transformer.
[0037] The present disclosure describes various embodiment for utilizing digital twin to optimize wireless communication performance, which may be implemented, partly or totally, on the network base station and / or the user equipment described above in FIGs. 3-4.
[0038] Referring to FIG. 5, the present disclosure describes various embodiments of a method 500 for wireless communication for utilizing digital twin to optimize wireless communication performance. The method 500 may include a portion or all of the following operations:
[0039] At step 510, the first NE node, such as the NE node 210 or 220, with a digital twin function (also referred to as twin function) may receive a twin service request corresponding to a specific twin service use case from a twin service requester.
[0040] In some implementations, the digit twin function may include twinning an application function of the first network element node, twinning a communication function of the first network element node, twinning a second network element node other than the first network element node, twinning an application function of the second network element node, or twinning a communication function of the second network element node.
[0041] In some implementations, the twin service requester may include an application function in the first network element node, a communication function in the first network element node, a second network element node other than the first network element node, an application function in the second network element node, or a communication function in the second network element node. The twin service request may be carried in a message and includes configuration parameters of a twin service corresponding to the twin service request.
[0042] In some implementations, the specific twin service use case may involve application function or communication function of one or more network element nodes. In an example, the specific twin service use case is related to the radio channel-oriented measurement configuration optimization for multiple UEs. In another example, the specific twin service use case is related to load balance trigger mechanism optimization for one or more base stations.
[0043] In some implementations, the first network element node may proactively instruct the twin service requester to initiate a twin service request and transmit the twin service request to the first network element node.
[0044] At step 520, in response to the twin service request, the first network element node may transmit a twin service response to the twin service requester. The twin service response may indicate to either confirmation or reject the twin service request.
[0045] In some implementations, the twin service response may be carried in a message and includes an admission control result of a twin service corresponding to the twin service request. The admission control result may include a confirmation of a digital twin function, a confirmation of application function based digital twin function, or a confirmation of communication function based digital twin function.
[0046] In some implementations, when confirming the twin service request, the first network element node may construct a twin service instance for the specific twin service use case. The twin service instance may be used to process the twin service request.
[0047] At step 530, the first network element node may perform a digital twin service operation based on the twin service request.
[0048] In some implementations, the first network element node may perform a twin simulation pre-verification operation based on the twin service request, generate a twin simulation pre-verification result report based on the twin simulation pre-verification operation, and transmit the twin simulation pre-verification result report to the twin service requester or another network element node other than the twin service requester. The twin simulation pre-verification result report may be carried in a message and comprises a twin service simulation pre-verification result.
[0049] In some implementations, the first network element node may receive twin service data for processing the twin service request from the twin service requester or another network element node other than the twin service requester. Then, the first network element node may perform the digital twin service operation based on the twin service data.
[0050] In an example, the first network element node may perform the twin service modelling based on the twin service data. In another example, the first network node may perform data synchronization or the virtual-real status synchronization based on the twin service data. In another example, the first network node may perform a twin simulation pre-verification operation based on the twin service data.
[0051] In some implementations, the first network element node may transmit a request for the twin service data to the twin service requester before receiving the twin service data from the twin service requester.
[0052] In some implementations, after performing a digital twin service operation, the first network element node may transmit post-processing twin service data corresponding to the twin service request to the twin service requester or another network element node having a digital twin function other than the twin service requester.
[0053] After performing a digital twin service operation at step 530, the first network element node may perform an optimization of wireless communication configuration corresponding to the specific twin service use case based on the digital twin service operation.
[0054] With respect to the twinning capabilities, the present disclosure divides the combination of digital twin functions of the NE nodes, such as the NE nodes 210 and 220, into the following options.
[0055] OPTION I
[0056] In the OPTION I, a NE node may only perform digital twin service operations for the functions, such as application function or communication function, of the NE node and may not perform digital twin service operations for other NE nodes or the functions of the other NE nodes. This option will be described with two alternatives.
[0057] OPTION I –Alternative 1
[0058] In an implementation with reference to FIG. 7, the NE node 710 has a digital twin function while the NE node 720 does not have a digital twin function. With respect to a twin service request, the application function of the NE node 710 may submit a twin service request for the NE node 710 to the digital twin function of the NE node 710. Alternatively, or additionally, the communication function of the NE node 710 may submit a twin service request for the NE node 710 to the digital twin function of the NE node 710. Alternatively, or additionally, NE node 720 may transmit a twin service request to NE node 710 to initiate a twin for functions of the NE node 710. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 720 may transmit a twin service request to NE node 710 to initiate a twin for the application function of the NE node 710. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 720 may transmit a twin service request to the NE node 710 to initiate a twin for the communication function of the NE node 710.
[0059] For example, the application function and communication function in the NE node 710 may submit the twin service request to the digital twin function in the NE node 710. In the example, a twin service request is driven by a specific twin service use case, that is, triggering construction of a corresponding twin service instance. The NE node 710 may receive multiple twin service requests in parallel, and separately build a twin service instance for each of the twin service requests. A twin service request may be carried in the form of a message, including information about the configuration parameters related to the twin service.
[0060] With respect to the twin service response, the NE node 710 may respond to the NE node 720 with the confirmation of twin function. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 710 may respond to the NE node 720 with the confirmation of application function based twin function. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 710 may respond to the NE node 720 with the confirmation of communication function based twin function.
[0061] For example, the digital twin function in the NE node 710 may feed back the twin service response to the application function and the communication function in the NE node 710. Alternatively, or additionally, the digital twin function of the NE node 710 may feed back a service response to the NE node 720 or the application function or the communication function of the NE node 720.
[0062] In the example, the digital twin function is driven by the admission control result of a specific service case, and responds to the twin service request. The NE node 710 may respond to multiple twin service requests in parallel. That is, multiple twin service instances are built by an admission response. The twin service response may be carried in messages, including the admission control result of the twin service.
[0063] With respect to the twin simulation pre-verification result report, the NE node 710 may feed back the twin simulation pre-verification result report to the application function of the NE node 710. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 710 may feed back the twin simulation pre-verification result report to the communication function of the NE node 710. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 710 may feed back the twin simulation pre-verification result report to the NE node 720. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 710 may feed back the twin simulation pre-verification result report to the application functions of the NE node 720. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 710 may feed back the twin simulation pre-verification result report to the communication function of the NE node 720.
[0064] For example, the digital twin function in the NE node 710 can feed back the twin simulation pre-verification result report corresponding to a previous twin service request to the internal application function and communication function of the NE node 710. The NE node 710 may feed back a corresponding twin simulation pre-verification result report to the NE node 720 or the application function or communication function of the NE node 720.
[0065] In the example, the digital twin function of the NE node 710 or other coordinated NE nodes may implement the execution and result report of the twin service request for specific twin service cases, and generate the result report of the pre-verification of the twin service simulation. The digital twin function of the NE node 710 or other coordinated NE nodes may execute and report pre-verification results for multiple twin service requests in parallel, i.e., parallel execution and reporting of pre-verification results for multiple twin service instances. The twin service simulation pre-verification result report may be carried in messages, and includes the twin service simulation pre-verification result.
[0066] With respect to the transmission of twin service data related to the twin service request, the NE node 720 may provide the twin service data to the NE node 710. Alternatively, or additionally, the application function of the NE node 720 may provide the twin service data to the NE node 710. Alternatively, or additionally, the communication function of the NE node 720 may provide the twin service data to the NE node 710. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 710 may provide twin service data to the NE node 720. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 710 may provide win service data to the application function of the NE node 720. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 710 may provide win service data to the communication function of the NE node 720.
[0067] The wireless system communication interface protocol may transmit twin service data to implement the following operations between NE nodes: twin service modeling, data synchronization (or virtual-real status synchronization) , and evaluation and feedback of the pre-verification effect of digital twins.
[0068] In an example, before the pre-verification operation of the twin service simulation, the application function of the NE node 720, the communication function of NE node 720, and the NE node 720 may provide the twin service data to the NE node 710, so that NE node 710 can implement modeling and status synchronization for specific twin services to implement virtual-real status synchronization.
[0069] In another example, after the twin service simulation pre-verification result is reported by the NE node 710, the NE Node 710 may provide the twin service data related to a processed twin service request to the NE Node 720, the communication function of the NE node 720, and the application function of the NE Node 720 to feed back the execution effect of a processed twin service, so as to evaluate and feed back the simulation pre-verification effect of the twin service.
[0070] OPTION I –Alternative 2
[0071] In another implementation with reference to FIG. 8, both of the NE nodes 810 and 820 have a digital twin function. With respect the twin service request, the application function of the NE node 810 may initiate a twin based on information exchange with the digital twin function of the NE node 810. Alternatively, or additionally, the communication function of the NE node 810 may initiate a twin based on information exchange with the digital twin function of the NE node 810. Alternatively, or additionally, the application function of the NE node 820 may initiate a twin based on information exchange with the digital twin function of the NE node 820. Alternatively, or additionally, the communication function of the NE node 820 may initiate a twin based on information exchange with the digital twin function of the NE node 820. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 820 may instruct the NE node 810 to initiate a twin for the application function of the NE node 810. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 820 may instruct the NE node 810 to initiate a twin for the communication function of the NE node 810. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 810 may instruct the NE node 820 to initiate a twin for the application function of the NE node 820. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 810 may instruct the NE node 820 to initiate a twin for the communication function of the NE node 820.
[0072] For example, the application function and the communication function in a NE node may submit the twin service request to the digital twin function in the NE node. The NE node may instruct another NE node having a twin function to initiate a twin service request.
[0073] In the example, a twin service request is driven by a specific twin service use case, which triggers construction of a corresponding twin service instance. Multiple twin service requests to may be initiated in parallel to build multiple twin service instances for the multiple twin service requests. the twin service request may be carried in the form of a message, including information about the configuration parameters related to the twin service.
[0074] With respect to feeding back service responses, the NE node 810 may respond to the application function of the NE node 810 based on information exchange with the digital twin function of the NE node 810. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 810 may respond to the communication function of the NE node 810 based on information exchange with the digital twin function of the NE node 810. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 820 may respond to the application function of the NE node 820 based on information exchange with the digital twin function of the NE node 820. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 820 may respond to the communication function of the NE node 820 based on information exchange with the digital twin function of the NE node 820. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 820 may respond to the NE node 810 with the confirmation of twin. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 820 may respond to the NE node 810 with the confirmation of application function based twin. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 820 may respond to the NE node 810 with the confirmation of communication function based twin. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 810 may respond to the NE node 820 with the confirmation of twin. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 810 may respond to the NE node 820 with the confirmation of application function based twin. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 810 may respond to the NE node 820 with the confirmation of communication function based twin.
[0075] For example, a twin function of a NE node may feed back a twin service response to an internal application function and a communication function of the NE node. A twin function of a NE node may feed back a service response to another NE node that initiates a twin service request, an application function of the another NE node, or a communication function of the another NE node.
[0076] In this example, the twin function is driven by the admission control result of a specific twin service case, and responds to the twin service request. Multiple twin service requests may be responded in parallel, that is, multiple twin service instances are built by an admission response. The twin service response may be carried in messages, including the admission control result of the twin service.
[0077] With respect to feeding back twin simulation pre-verification result report, the NE node 810 may feed back the twin simulation pre-verification result report to the application function of the NE node 810 based on information exchange with the digital twin function of the NE node 810. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 810 may feed back the twin simulation pre-verification result report to the communication function of the NE node 810 based on information exchange with the digital twin function of the NE node 810. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 820 may feed back the twin simulation pre-verification result report to the application function of the NE node 820 based on information exchange with the digital twin function of the NE node 820. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 820 may feed back the twin simulation pre-verification result report to the communication function of the NE node 820 based on information exchange with the digital twin function of the NE node 820. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 820 may provide the twin simulation pre-verification result report to the NE node 810. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 820 may provide the twin simulation pre-verification result report to the application function of the NE node 810. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 820 may provide the twin simulation pre-verification result report to the communication function of the NE node 810. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 810 may provide the twin simulation pre-verification result report to the NE node 820. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 810 may provide the twin simulation pre-verification result report to the application function of the NE node 820. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 810 may provide the twin simulation pre-verification result report to the communication function of the NE node 820.
[0078] For example, the twin function in a NE node may feed back the twin simulation pre-verification result report corresponding to a previous twin service request to the internal application function and communication function of the NE node. The NE node may feed back the corresponding twin simulation pre-verification result report to another NE node, the application unction of the another NE node, or the communication function of the another NE node requesting the twin service previously.
[0079] In the example, the twin function of the NE node or other coordinated NE nodes may implement the execution and result report of the twin service request for specific twin service cases, and generate the result report of the pre-verification of the twin service simulation. It is allowed to execute and report the pre-verification results for multiple twin service requests in parallel, i.e., parallel execution and reporting of pre-verification results for multiple twin service instances. The twin service simulation pre-verification result report may be carried in messages, including the twin service simulation pre-verification result.
[0080] With respect to transferring twin service data, the NE node 810 may provide the twin service data to the NE node 820. Alternatively, or additionally, the application function of the NE node 810 may provide the twin service data to the NE node 820. Alternatively, or additionally, the communication function of the NE node 810 may provide the twin service data to the NE node 820. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 820 may provide the twin service data to the NE node 810. Alternatively, or additionally, the application function of the NE node 820 may provide the twin service data to the NE node 810. Alternatively, or additionally, the communication function of the NE node 820 may provide the twin service data to the NE node 810. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 820 may provide the twin service data to the NE node 810. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 820 may provide the twin service data to the NE node 810. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 820 may provide the twin service data to the NE node 810. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 810 may provide the twin service data to the NE node 810. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node NE 810 may provide twin service data to the application function of the NE node 820.
[0081] The wireless system communication interface protocol may transmit twin service data to implement the following operations between NE nodes: twin service modeling, data synchronization (or virtual-real state synchronization) , and evaluation and feedback of the pre-verification effect of digital twins.
[0082] In an example, before the twin service simulation pre-verification operation, according to the twin service request, the application function of the NE node 810, the communication function of the NE node 810, and the NE node 810 may provide the twin service data to the NE node 820 for the NE node 820 to implement modeling and status synchronization for specific twin services, so as to implement virtual-real status synchronization. Similarly, the application function of the NE node 820, the communication function of the NE node 820, and the NE node 820 may provide the twin service data to the NE node 810 so that NE node 810 may implement modeling and status synchronization for specific twin services to implement virtual-real status synchronization.
[0083] In another example, after the twin service simulation pre-verification result is reported, according to different NE nodes that initiate the twin service and execute the twin function, the NE node 820 may provide twin service data to the NE node 810, the communication function of the NE node 810, the application function of the NE node 810, the communication function of the NE node 820, and the application function of the NE node 820, to feed back an effect of executing the twin service previously, so as to evaluate and feed back the effect of the twin service simulation pre-verification. Similarly, the NE node 810 may provide twin service data to the NE node 820, the communication function of the NE node 820, the application function of the NE node 820, the communication function of the NE node 810, and the application function of the NE node 810, to feed back an effect of executing the twin service previously, so as to evaluate and feed back a pre-verification effect of the twin service simulation.
[0084] OPTION II
[0085] In the OPTION II, a NE node may perform digital twin service operations for some functions, such as application function or communication function, of the NE node and other NE nodes and may not perform digital twin service operations for the other NE nodes in their entirety. This option will be described with two alternatives.
[0086] OPTION II –Alternative 1
[0087] In an implementation with reference to FIG. 7, the NE node 710 has a digital twin function while the NE node 720 does not have a digital twin function. With respect to initiating a twin service request, the application function of the NE node 710 may initiate a twin for the NE node 710 based on information exchange with the digital twin function of the NE node 710. Alternatively, or additionally, the communication function of the NE node 710 may initiate a twin for the NE node 710 based on information exchange with the digital twin function of the NE node 710. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 720 may instruct the NE node 710 to initiate an application function-based twin for the NE node 710 and / or the NE node 720. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 720 may instructs the NE node 710 to initiate a communication function-based twin for the NE node 710 and / or the NE node 720. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 710 may instruct the NE node 720 to initiate a communication function-based twin for the NE node 720. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 710 may instruct the NE node 720 to initiate an application function-based twin for the NE node 720.
[0088] For example, the application function and communication function in a NE node may submit the twin service request to the twin function in the NE node. The NE node may send a twin service request to another NE node that has a twin function. The twin service request may be directed to the NE node itself, or may be directed to a NE node whose function may be twined. A twin service request may be related to the functions of multiple NE nodes.
[0089] In this example, a twin service request may be driven by a specific twin service use case, which triggers construction of a corresponding twin service instance. It is allowed for multiple twin service requests to be initiated in parallel, that is, requests to build multiple twin service instances. A twin service request may be carried in the form of a message, including information about the configuration parameters related to the twin service.
[0090] With respect to feeding back a service response, the NE node 710 may respond to the application function of the NE node 710 based on information exchange with the digital twin function of the NE node 710. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 710 may respond to the communication function of the NE node 710 based on information exchange with the digital twin function of the NE node 710. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 710 may respond to the NE node 720 with the confirmation of twin. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 710 may respond to the NE node 720 with the confirmation of application function based twin. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 710 may respond to the NE node 720 with the confirmation of communication function based twin. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 720 may respond to the NE node 710 with the confirmation of application function based twin initiated by NE node 710 for the NE node 720. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 720 may respond to the NE node 710 with the confirmation of communication function based twin initiated by the NE node 710 for the NE node 720.
[0091] For example, the twin function in a NE node may feed back the twin service response to the application function and the communication function in the NE node. The twin function of the NE node may feed back a service response to another NE node. Another NE node may feed back a service response to the twin service request initiated by the NE node for the another NE node.
[0092] In this example, the digital twin function may be driven by the admission control result of a specific twin service case, and respond to the twin service request. It is allowed for multiple twin service requests to be answered in parallel, that is, multiple twin service instances are built by an admission response. The twin service response may be carried in messages, including the admission control result of the twin service.
[0093] With respect to feeding back the twin simulation pre-verification result report, based on information exchange feedback to application functions or communication functions, the NE node 710 may feed back the twin simulation pre-verification result report to NE node 720. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 710 may feed back the twin simulation pre-verification result report to application function of the NE node 720. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 710 may feed back the twin simulation pre-verification result report to the communication function of NE node 720.
[0094] For example, the twin function in a NE node may feed back the twin simulation pre-verification result report corresponding to a previous twin service request to the internal application function and communication function of the NE node. A NE node may feed back a corresponding twin simulation pre-verification result report to another NE node or the application function or communication function of the another NE node.
[0095] In this example, the twin service simulation pre-verification result report may be driven by the twin Function of the NE node or other coordinated NE nodes based on the execution result of the specific twin service case operation to implement the execution and result report of the previous twin service request. It is allowed to execute and report pre-verification results for multiple twin service requests in parallel, i.e., parallel execution and reporting of pre-verification results for multiple twin service instances. The twin service simulation pre-verification result report is carried in messages, including the twin service simulation pre-verification result.
[0096] With respect to transferring twin service data, the NE node 720 may provide twin service data to the NE node 710. Alternatively, or additionally, the application function of the NE node 720 may provide twin service data for the NE node 710. Alternatively, or additionally, a communication function of the NE node 720 may provide twin service data for the NE node 710. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 710 may provide twin service data to the NE node 720. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 710 may provide twin service data to an application function of the NE node 720. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 710 may provide twin service data to a communication function of the NE node 720.
[0097] The wireless system communication interface protocol may transmit twin service data to implement the following operations between the NE nodes: twin service modeling, data synchronization (or virtual-real state synchronization) , and evaluation and feedback of the pre-verification effect of digital twins.
[0098] In an example, before the pre-verification operation of the twin service simulation, the application function of the NE node 720, the NE node 720, and the communication function of the NE node 720 may provide the twin service data to the NE node 710, so that NE node 710 may implement modeling and status synchronization for specific twin services to implement virtual-real status synchronization.
[0099] In another example, after the twin service simulation pre-verification result is reported, the NE Node 710 may provide twin service data to the NE Node 720, the communication function of the NE Node 720, and the application function of the NE Node 720 to feed back the execution effect of the previous twin service, so as to evaluate and feed back the simulation pre-verification effect of the twin service.
[0100] OPTION II –Alternative 2
[0101] In another implementation with reference to FIG. 8, both of the NE nodes 810 and 820 have a digital twin function. With respect to initiating a twin service request, the application function of the NE node 810 may initiate a twin based on information exchange with the digital twin function of the NE node 810. Alternatively, or additionally, the communication function of the NE node 810 may initiate a twin based on information exchange with the digital twin function of the NE node 810. Alternatively, or additionally, the application function of the NE node 820 may initiate a twin based on information exchange with the digital twin function of the NE node 820. Alternatively, or additionally, the communication function of the NE node 820 may initiate a twin based on information exchange with the digital twin function of the NE node 820. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 820 may instruct the NE node 810 to initiate a twin for the NE node 810. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 820 may instruct the NE node 810 to initiate an application function-based twin for NE node 810 and / or the NE node 820. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 820 may instruct the NE node 810 to initiate a communication function-based twin for the NE node 810 and / or the NE node 820. Alternatively, or additionally, NE node 810 may instruct the NE node 820 to initiate a twin for the NE node 820. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 810 may instruct the NE node 820 to initiate an application function-based twin for the NE node 810 and / or the NE node 820. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 810 may instruct the NE node 820 to initiate a communication function-based twin on the NE node 810 and / or the NE node 820.
[0102] For example, the application function and the communication function in a NE node may submit the twin service request to the twin function in the NE node. The NE node may instruct another node having a twin function to initiate a twin service request. The twin service request may be directed to the NE node itself, or may be directed to another NE node whose function may be twined. A twin service request may be related to the functions of multiple NE nodes.
[0103] In this example, a twin service request may be driven by a specific twin service use case, which triggers construction of a corresponding twin service instance. It is allowed for multiple twin service requests to be initiated in parallel, that is, requests to build multiple twin service instances. A twin service request is carried in the form of a message, including information about the configuration parameters related to the twin service.
[0104] With respect to feeding back service responses, the NE node 810 may respond to the application function of the NE node 810 based on information exchange with the digital twin function of the NE node 810. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 810 may respond to the communication function of the NE node 810 based on information exchange with the digital twin function of the NE node 810. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 820 may respond to the application function of the NE node 820 based on information exchange with the digital twin function of the NE node 820. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 820 may respond to the communication function of the NE node 820 based on information exchange with the digital twin function of the NE node 820. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 810 may respond to the NE node 820 with the confirmation of twin. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 810 may respond to the NE node 820 with the confirmation of application function based twin. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 810 may respond to the NE node 820 with the confirmation of communication function based twin. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 820 may responds to the NE node 810 with the confirmation of twin. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 820 may respond to the NE node 810 with the confirmation of application function based twin. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 820 may respond to the NE node 810 with the confirmation of communication function based twin.
[0105] For example, a twin function of a NE node may feed back a twin service response to an internal application function and communication function of the NE node. A twin function of a NE node may feed back a service response to another NE node that initiates a request, or an application function or a communication function of the another NE node.
[0106] In this example, the twin function may be driven by the admission control result of a specific twin service case, and responds to the twin service request. It is allowed that multiple twin service requests to be answered in parallel, that is, multiple twin service instances are built by an admission response. The twin service response may be carried in messages, including the admission control result of the twin service.
[0107] With respect to feeding back a twin simulation pre-verification result report, based on information exchange feedback to application functions and communication functions, the NE node 820 may feed back a twin simulation pre-verification result report to the NE node 810. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 820 may feed back a twin simulation pre-verification result report to application functions of the NE node 810. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 820 may feed back a twin simulation pre-verification result report to a communication function of the NE node 810. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 820 may feed back a twin simulation pre-verification result report to an application function of the NE node 820. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 820 may feed back a twin simulation pre-verification result report to a communication function of the NE node 820. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 810 may feed back a twin simulation pre-verification result report to the NE node 820. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 810 may feed back a twin simulation pre-verification result report to an application function of NE node 820. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 810 may feed back a twin simulation pre-verification result report to a communication functions of the NE node 820. Alternatively, or additionally, based on information exchange with the digital twin function of the NE node 810, the NE node 810 may feed back a twin simulation pre-verification result report to the application function of the NE node 810. Alternatively, or additionally, based on information exchange with the digital twin function of the NE node 810, the NE node 810 may feed back a twin simulation pre-verification result report to the communication function of the NE node 810.
[0108] For example, the twin function in a NE node may feed back the twin simulation pre-verification result report corresponding to a previous twin service request to the internal application function and communication function of the NE node. A NE node may feed back the corresponding twin simulation pre-verification result report to another NE node or the application function or communication function of the another NE node requesting the previous twin service request.
[0109] In this example, the twin service simulation pre-verification result report may be driven by the twin function of the NE node or other coordinated NE nodes based on the execution result of the specific twin service case operation to implement the execution and result report of the previous twin service request. It is allowed to execute and report the pre-verification results for multiple twin service requests in parallel, i.e., parallel execution and reporting of pre-verification results for multiple twin service instances. The twin service simulation pre-verification result report may be carried in messages, including the twin service simulation pre-verification result.
[0110] With respect to transferring twin service data, the NE node 810 may provide the twin service data to the NE node 820. Alternatively, or additionally, the application function of the NE node 810 may provide the twin service data to the NE node 820. Alternatively, or additionally, the communication function of the NE node 810 may provide the twin service data to the NE node 820. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 820 may provide the twin service data to the NE node 810. Alternatively, or additionally, the application function of the NE node 820 may provide the twin service data to the NE node 810. Alternatively, or additionally, the communication function of the NE node 820 may provide the twin service data to the NE node 810. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 820 may provide the twin service data to the NE node 810. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 820 may provide the twin service data to the application function of the NE node 810. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 820 may provide the twin service data to the communication function of the NE node 810. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 810 may provide the twin service data to the NE node 810. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 810 may provide twin service data to the application function of the NE node 820. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 810 may provide twin service data to the communication function of the NE node 820.
[0111] The wireless system communication interface protocol may transmit twin service data to implement the following operations between NE nodes: twin service modeling, data synchronization (or virtual-real state synchronization) , and evaluation and feedback of the pre-verification effect of digital twins.
[0112] In an example, before the twin service simulation pre-verification operation, according to the twin service request, the application function of the NE node 810, the NE node 810, or the communication function of the NE node 810 may provide the twin service data to the NE node 820 for the NE node 820 to implement modeling and status synchronization for specific twin services, so as to implement virtual-real status synchronization. Similarly, the application function of the NE node 820, the communication function of the NE node 820, or the NE node 820 may provide twin service data to the NE node 810, so that the NE node 810 may implement modeling and status synchronization for specific twin services to implement virtual-real status synchronization.
[0113] In another example, after the twin service simulation pre-verification result is reported, according to different NE nodes that initiate the twin service and execute the twin function, the NE node 820 may provide twin service data to the NE node 810, the communication function of the NE node 810, the application function of the NE node 810, the communication function of the NE node 820, and the application function of the NE node 820, to feed back an effect of executing the twin service previously, so as to evaluate and feed back the effect of the twin service simulation pre-verification. Similarly, the NE node 810 may provide twin service data to the NE node 820, the communication function of the NE node 820, the application function of the NE node 820, the communication function of the NE node 810, and the application function of the NE node 810, to feed back an effect of executing the twin service previously, so as to evaluate and feedback a pre-verification effect of the twin service simulation.
[0114] OPTION III
[0115] In the OPTION III, a NE node may perform digital twin service operations for other NE nodes or some functions of the other NE nodes. This option will be described with two alternatives.
[0116] OPTION III –Alternative 1
[0117] In an implementation with reference to FIG. 7, the NE node 710 has a digital twin function while the NE node 720 does not have a digital twin function. With respect to initiating a twin service request, the application function of the NE node 710 may initiate a twin service request based on information exchange with the digital twin function of the NE node 710. Alternatively, or additionally, the communication function of the NE node 710 may initiate a twin service request based on information exchange the digital twin function of the NE node 710. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 720 may instruct NE node 710 to initiate a twin service request. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 710 may instruct the NE node 720 to initiate a twin service request for the NE node 720.
[0118] For example, the application function and communication function in a NE node may submit the twin service request to the twin function in the NE node. The NE node may send a twin service request to another NE node that has a twin function. The twin service request may be directed to the NE node itself, or may be directed to another NE node whose function may be twined. A twin service request may be related to the functions of multiple NE nodes.
[0119] In this example, a twin service request may be driven by a specific twin service use case, which triggers construction of a corresponding twin service instance. It is allowed for multiple twin service requests to be initiated in parallel, that is, requests to build multiple twin service instances. A twin service request may be carried in the form of a message, including information about the configuration parameters related to the twin service.
[0120] With respect to feeding back a service response, the NE node 710 may respond to the application function of the NE node 710 based on information exchange with the digital twin function of the NE node 710. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 710 may respond to the communication function of the NE node 710 based on information exchange with the digital function of the NE node 710. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 710 may respond to the NE node 720 with the confirmation of twin. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 720 may respond to the NE node 710 with the confirmation of twin initiated by NE node 710 for the NE node 720.
[0121] For example, the twin function in a NE node may feed back the twin service response to the application function and the communication function in the NE node. The twin function of the NE node may feed back a service response to another NE node. Another NE node may feed back a service response to the twin service request initiated by the NE node for the another NE node.
[0122] In this example, the digital twin function may be driven by the admission control result of a specific twin service case, and responds to the twin service request. It is allowed for multiple twin service requests to be answered in parallel, that is, multiple twin service instances are built by an admission response. The twin service response may be carried in messages, including the admission control result of the twin service.
[0123] With respect to feeding back a twin simulation pre-verification result report, based on information exchange, the twin simulation pre-verification result report may be fed back to the application function of the NE node 710. Alternatively, or additionally, based on information exchange, the twin simulation pre-verification result report may be fed back to the communication function of the NE node 710. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 710 may feed back the twin simulation pre-verification result report to the NE node 720. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 710 may feed back the twin simulation pre-verification result report to the application function of the NE node 720. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 710 may feed back the twin simulation pre-verification result report to the communication function of the NE node 720.
[0124] For example, the twin function in a NE node may feed back the twin simulation pre-verification result report corresponding to the previous twin service request to the internal application function and communication function of the NE node. A NE node may feed back a corresponding twin simulation pre-verification result report to another NE node or the application function or communication function of the another NE node.
[0125] In this example, the twin service simulation pre-verification result report may be driven by the twin Function of the NE node or other coordinated NE nodes based on the execution result of the specific twin service case operation to implement the execution and result report of the previous twin service request. It is allowed to execute and report pre-verification results for multiple twin service requests in parallel, i.e., parallel execution and reporting of pre-verification results for multiple twin service instances. The twin service simulation pre-verification result report is carried in messages, including the twin service simulation pre-verification result.
[0126] With respect to transferring twin service data, the NE node 720 may provide twin service data to the NE node 710. Alternatively, or additionally, an application function of the NE node 720 may provide twin service data to the NE node 710. Alternatively, or additionally, a communication function of the NE node 720 may provide twin service data to the NE node 710. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 710 may provide twin service data for the NE node 720.
[0127] The wireless system communication interface protocol may transmit twin service data to implement the following operations between the NE nodes: twin service modeling, data synchronization (or virtual-real state synchronization) , and evaluation and feedback of the pre-verification effect of digital twins.
[0128] In an example, before the pre-verification operation of the twin service simulation, the application function of the NE node 720, the NE node 720, and the communication function of the NE node 720 may provide the twin service data to the NE node 710, so that NE node 710 may implement modeling and status synchronization for specific twin services to implement virtual-real status synchronization.
[0129] In another example, after the twin service simulation pre-verification result is reported, the NE Node 710 may provide twin service data to the NE Node 720 to feed back the execution effect of the previous twin service, so as to evaluate and feed back the simulation pre-verification effect of the twin service.
[0130] OPTION III –Alternative 2
[0131] In another implementation with reference to FIG. 8, both of the NE nodes 810 and 820 have a digital twin function. With respect to initiating a twin service request, the communication function of the NE node 810 may initiate a twin service request based on information exchange with the digital twin function of the NE node 810. Alternatively, or additionally, the application function of the NE node 810 may initiate a twin service request based on information exchange with the digital twin function of the NE node 810. Alternatively, or additionally, the communication function of the NE node 820 may initiate a twin service request based on information exchange with the digital twin function of the NE node 820. Alternatively, or additionally, the application function of the NE node 820 may initiate a twin service request based on information exchange with the digital twin function of the NE node 820. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 820 may instruct the NE node 810 to initiate a twin service request. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 810 may instruct the NE node 820 to initiate a twin service request.
[0132] For example, the application function and communication function in a NE node may submit the twin service request to the twin function in the NE node. The NE node may instruct another NE node that has a twin function to initiate a twin service request.
[0133] In this example, a twin service request may be driven by a specific twin service use case, which triggers construction of a corresponding twin service instance. It is allowed for multiple twin service requests to be initiated in parallel, that is, requests to build multiple twin service instances. A twin service request may be carried in the form of a message, including information about the configuration parameters related to the twin service.
[0134] With respect to feeding back a service response, the NE node 810 may feed back a service response to an application function based on information exchange with the digital twin function of the NE node 810. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 810 may feed back a service response to a communication function based on information exchange with the digital twin function of the NE node 810. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 810 may feed back a service response to the application function of the NE node 820. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 810 may feed back a service response to the communication function of the NE node 820. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 820 may feed back a service response to the NE node 810. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 820 may feed back a service response to the application function of the NE node 810. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 820 may feed back a service response to the communication function of the NE node 810.
[0135] For example, a twin function of a NE node may feed back a twin service response to an internal application function and communication function of the NE node. A twin function of a NE node may feed back a service response to another NE node that initiates a twin service request, or an application function or a communication function of another NE node.
[0136] In this example, the twin function may be driven by the admission control result of a specific twin service case, and respond to the twin service request. It is allowed that multiple twin service requests to be answered in parallel, that is, multiple twin service instances are built by an admission response. The twin service response may be carried in messages, including the admission control result of the twin service.
[0137] With respect to feeding back a twin simulation pre-verification result report, based on information exchange with the digital twin function of the NE node 810, the NE node 810 may feed back a twin simulation pre-verification result report to the application function of the NE node 810. Alternatively, or additionally, based on information exchange with the digital twin function of the NE node 810, the NE node 810 may feed back a twin simulation pre-verification result report to the communication function of the NE node 810. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 810 may feed back a twin simulation pre-verification result report to the NE node 820. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 810 may feed back a twin simulation pre-verification result report to an application functions of the NE node 820. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 810 may feed back a twin simulation pre-verification result report to a communication functions of the NE node 820. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 820 may feed back a twin simulation pre-verification result report to the NE node 810. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 820 may feed back a twin simulation pre-verification result report to an application function of the NE node 810. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 820 may feed back a twin simulation pre-verification result report to a communication function of the NE node 810. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 820 may feed back a twin simulation pre-verification result report to an application function of the NE node 820. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 820 may feed back a twin simulation pre-verification result report to a communication function of the NE node 820.
[0138] For example, the twin function in a NE node can feed back the twin simulation pre-verification result report corresponding to a previous twin service request to the internal application function and communication function of the NE node. The NE node can feed back the corresponding twin simulation pre-verification result report to another NE node previously requesting the twin service, the application function of the another NE node, or the communication function of the another NE node requested previously.
[0139] In this example, the twin service simulation pre-verification result report may be driven by the twin function of the NE node or other coordinated NE nodes based on the execution result of the specific twin service case operation to implement the execution and result report of the previous twin service request. It is allowed to execute and report pre-verification results for multiple twin service requests in parallel, i.e., parallel execution and reporting of pre-verification results for multiple twin service instances. The twin service simulation pre-verification result report may be carried in messages, including the twin service simulation pre-verification result.
[0140] With respect to transferring twin service data, the NE node 810 may provide twin service data to the NE node 820. Alternatively, or additionally, the application function of the NE node 810 may provide the twin service data to the NE node 820. Alternatively, or additionally, the communication function of the NE node 810 may provide the twin service data to the NE node 820. Alternatively, or additionally, the NE node 820 may provide the twin service data to the NE node 810. Alternatively, or additionally, the application function of the NE node 820 may provide the twin service data to the NE node 810. Alternatively, or additionally, the communication function of the NE node 820 may provide the twin service data to the NE node 810.
[0141] The wireless system communication interface protocol may transmit twin service data to implement the following operations between the NE nodes: twin service modeling, data synchronization (or virtual state synchronization) , and evaluation and feedback of the pre-verification effect of digital twins.
[0142] In an example, before the twin service simulation pre-verification operation, according to the twin service request, the application function of the NE node 810, the NE node 810, and the communication function of the NE node 810 may provide the twin service data to the NE node 820 for the NE node 820 to implement modeling and status synchronization for specific twin services, so as to implement virtual-real status synchronization. Similarly, the application function of the NE node 820, the communication function of the NE node 820 may provide twin service data for the NE node 810, so that the NE node 810 may implement modeling and status synchronization for specific twin services to implement virtual-real status synchronization.
[0143] In another example, after the twin service simulation pre-verification result is reported, according to different NE nodes that initiate the twin service and execute the twin function, the NE node 820 may provide twin service data to the NE node 810, the communication function of the NE node 810, the application function of the NE node 810, the communication function of the NE node 820, and the application function of the NE node 820, to feed back an effect of executing the twin service previously, so as to evaluate and feed back the effect of the twin service simulation pre-verification. Similarly, the NE node 810 may provide twin service data to the NE node 820, the communication function of the NE node 820, the application function of the NE node 820, the communication function of the NE node 810, and the application function of the NE node 810, to feed back an effect of executing the twin service previously, so as to evaluate and feed back a pre-verification effect of the twin service simulation.
[0144] Next, the present disclosure will discuss further embodiments utilizing digital twin to optimize wireless communication performance in exemplary twin service use cases.
[0145] Embodiment 1 -A BS’s optimization of the radio channel measurement configuration on the air interface triggered by a UE
[0146] The UE is in a high-speed moving state (for example, a vehicle traveling on a highway) , and user service application data is transmitted between the UE and the BS. Due to high-speed movement of the UE, a radio channel environment of the UE frequently and dynamically changes, but may also show certain regularity and predictability. In a conventional manner without assistance of a digital twin technology, the BS needs to configure a radio channel measurement parameter and a measurement resource for the UE. The UE performs L1 / L2 / L3 layer measurement according to the measurement configuration of the BS, and then feeds back corresponding measurement result information. The BS performs air interface data transmission scheduling and mobility management according to the measurement result information. Generally, in this case, the BS cannot determine whether a specific radio channel measurement configuration given by the BS is relatively optimal. For example, measurement overheads are relatively low and data transmission performance is not affected, or power saving on a UE side is facilitated.
[0147] With the assistance by the digital twin technology, the BS may predict and pre-verify whether a specific radio channel measurement candidate configuration can better match a radio channel and the communication status of the UE, so as to optimize a radio channel measurement configuration of the UE. For example, the configuration of measurement resource for the UE may be properly reduced, and the UE may also reduce L1 / L2 / L3 measurement and measurement information feedback, thereby bringing a radio link performance gain.
[0148] To evaluate the actual communication performance after the L1 / L2 / L3 measurement and feedback configuration are reduced, the BS can use the digital twin service for performance pre-verification. The BS may create a twin radio channel to simulate an actual channel environment as much as possible, including but not limited to the moving speed of the UE, the road condition, the buildings, and other factors that may affect signal transmission. In addition, the UE may provide the moving track of the UE to the BS to form a twin track model for prediction assistance. The BS may simulate data transmission of the UE in its own twin function, and record various performance parameters, such as the bit error rate and throughput. This pre-verification method can be used to predict and evaluate whether the UE can still maintain stable data transmission after the L1 / L2 / L3 measurement and feedback configuration are reduced, or whether other optimization measures are required to improve the radio link performance, for example, adjusting the network transmission policy or enhancing the radio measurement and feedback frequency to improve this condition.
[0149] With the digital twin technology, pre-verification of wireless channel measurement feedback between UEs under high-speed mobility and the BS may be carried out at different degrees and frequencies, which may lead to different data transmission performance. This may more accurately optimize the wireless measurement and mobility management configuration of wireless communication systems.
[0150] In FIG. 9, this embodiment shows a logic 900 of triggering the BS to perform digital twin technology pre-verification based on a certain triggering factor within the UE when the UE does not have twin function and the BS has the ability to twin functions of itself and the UE.
[0151] At step 901, the communication function of the UE may request to initiate the twin service related to radio channel-oriented measurement configuration optimization, and send the related Radio Resource Control (RRC) message including the twin service request information to the BS.
[0152] At step 902, the communication function of the BS may identify that the RRC message contains the information related to the twin service request, and send the information to the twin function of the BS for parsing and subsequent processing decision.
[0153] If the BS accepts the twin service request, the twin function of the BS may feed back the result information of accepting the twin service request to the communication function of the BS at step 903. Then, the logic may proceed to steps 905 and 906.
[0154] If the BS rejects the twin service request, the twin function of the BS may feed back the result information of rejecting the twin service request to the communication function of the BS at step 904. Then, the communication function of the BS may send an RRC message including the result information of rejecting the twin service request to the UE communication function at step 911, and the logic may end.
[0155] At step 905, the communication function of the BS may send a RRC message including the information related to the twin service admission response accepting the twin service request to the communication function of the UE.
[0156] At step 906, the twin function of the BS may perform pre-verification for radio channel measurement configuration optimization using functions such as twin modeling, twin control, and simulation, to try to obtain a twin simulation pre-verification result report, for example, the result and suggestions of pre-verification for radio channel measurement configuration optimization of the BS.
[0157] If the twin function of the BS fails to obtain the twin simulation pre-verification result report by performing the pre-verification operation at step 906, the communication function of the BS may send a RRC message including information on the pre-verification failure to the communication function of the UE at step 907, and the logic may end.
[0158] If the twin function of the BS obtains the twin simulation pre-verification result report by performing the pre-verification operation at step 906, the BS may perform, based on a pre-verification result of the BS, an optimization of a radio channel measurement configuration for the UE and other UEs with a similar mobile communication situation at step 908.
[0159] At step 909, the communication function of BS may send an RRC message including the twin simulation pre-verification result report obtained at step 906 to the communication function of the UE, so that the UE can learn about the effect of current wireless air interface measurement configuration and the result of candidate wireless air interface measurement configuration.
[0160] At step 910, the UE may perform measurement based on the radio air interface measurement configuration updated by the BS. The UE may evaluate an effect of the measurement and feedback the effect to the BS in a form of twin service data.
[0161] Here, when multiple UEs with different mobile communications situations simultaneously initiate a similar twin service request to a single BS, the BS may perform a pre-verification operations for the UEs in parallel. For a single UE, the UE is also allowed to simultaneously initiate twin service requests of different types to a single BS, and the BS may also perform a pre-verification operation for the twin service requests in parallel.
[0162] Embodiment 2 -A BS triggering itself to optimize an air interface radio channel measurement configuration
[0163] In FIG. 10, this embodiment shows a logic 1000 of triggering the BS to perform digital twin pre-verification based on a certain triggering factor within the UE. Similar to the Embodiment 1, this embodiment utilizes digital twin technology to pre-verify wireless channel measurement feedback between UEs under high-speed mobility and the BS, thereby more accurately optimizing the wireless measurement and mobility management configuration of communication systems.
[0164] At step 1001, the communication function of the BS may request the twin function of the BS to implement twin pre-verification related to radio channel measurement configuration optimization.
[0165] At step 1002, the twin function in the BS may feed back the twin service data collection request and related twin service configuration information, for example, including the digital twin service task type, id, pre-verification target, and auxiliary information, to the communication function of the BS.
[0166] Subsequently, at step 1003, the communication function of the BS may send a RRC message including the twin service data collection request generated at step 1002 to the UE.
[0167] At step 1004, the communication function of the UE may identify that the message includes the twin service data collection request, and determine whether to accept the twin service data collection request.
[0168] If the UE rejects the twin service data collection request, the twin function of the UE may feed back the information rejecting the twin service data collection request to the communication function of the UE at step 1005. Then, the communication function of the UE may send an RRC message including the rejection information to the communication function of the BS at step 1015, and the logic may end.
[0169] If the UE accepts the twin service data collection request, the twin function of the UE may feed back the information accepting the twin service data collection request to the communication function of the UE at step 1006. Then, the communication function of the UE may send an RRC message including the acceptance information to the communication function of the BS at step 1007.
[0170] At step 1008, the twin function of the UE may collect twin data such as information on a moving track and a moving speed of the UE as the twin service data.
[0171] At step 1009, the communication function of the UE may feed back the twin service data to the communication function of the B S.
[0172] At step 1010, based on the twin service data fed back by the UE at step 1009, the twin function of the BS may perform pre-verification operation for radio channel measurement configuration optimization using functions such as twin modeling, twin control, and simulation, to try to obtain a twin simulation pre-verification result report, for example, including the pre-evaluation result and suggestions for radio channel measurement configuration optimization.
[0173] If the twin function of the BS fails to obtain the pre-verification result report by performing the pre-verification operation at step 1010, the communication function of the BS may send a RRC message including information on the pre-verification failure to the communication function of the UE at step 1011.
[0174] If the twin function of the BS obtains the pre-verification result report by performing the pre-verification operation at step 1010, the BS may perform, based on pre-verification result of the BS, an operation of optimizing the radio channel measurement configuration for the UE and other UEs with similar mobile communication situation at step 1012.
[0175] At step 1013, the BS may use its communication function to send a RRC message to the UE communication function, where the message may include an updated radio channel measurement configuration and a twin simulation pre-verification result report generated at step 1010. As such, the UE can learn effects of current and candidate radio air interface measurement configurations.
[0176] At step 1014, the UE may perform measurement based on the updated radio air interface measurement configuration received from the BS, evaluate the effect of the measurement, and feed back the effect to the BS in a form of twin service data.
[0177] Embodiment 3 -A BS triggering to optimize a load balancing trigger mechanism
[0178] In this embodiment, multiple BSs exist in one urban area. These BSs have different loads, among which the loads of some BSs are close to saturation. The BS may trigger a load balancing mechanism to transfer some users to another BS with lighter load, so as to implement optimized configuration of network resources and improve user experience in communication.
[0179] The load of base stations has a certain regularity and predictability, and can be evaluated based on various factors such as traffic statistics, signaling load, and user distribution. Analyzing and mining historical load data may predict future load trends. In a conventional mode without the assistance of the digital twin technology, when a BS is overloaded, the BS collects its own real-time load data to evaluate the current load status. Then, based on a load balancing policy, the BS may select a BS with relatively light load as a target, negotiate and coordinate with the target BS (or request the core network to perform load balancing, and the core network selects a proper BS and sends a scheduling instruction) , and perform a load balancing operation. This may include signaling parameter adjustment, user data migration, and the like. Generally, in this case, the BS cannot determine whether a mechanism for triggering load balancing is relatively optimal, for example, whether a future load trend is considered, and whether a load balancing operation is timely.
[0180] With the assistance of the digital twin technology, the BS may predict and pre-verify whether a specific load balancing triggering mechanism can better match the load status of the BS, so as to optimize load regulation of the BS. For example, when a future load trend increases, a threshold for triggering load balancing may be reduced or load balancing planning and adjustment may be performed in advance.
[0181] To evaluate the actual performance after load balancing mechanism optimization, the BS may use the digital twin service for performance pre-verification. A twin BS is built on the BS side to simulate the actual BS load as much as possible, including but not limited to the cell resource usage, number of users, traffic, and other key indicators that may reflect the BS load. The BS may record various performance parameters after performing load balancing between the BS and other BSs, for example, changes in network performance and user experience in the following period of time. This pre-verification manner may be used to predict and evaluate whether a current load balancing mechanism can improve network performance of a current BS, whether load balancing is timely, whether a possible load condition in the future is matched, and whether a target BS is selected properly.
[0182] With the digital twin technology, the pre-verification of load balancing between a high-load BS and another BSs may be carried out under different trigger conditions, which may lead to different network management performance. Thus, better network performance and user experience can be implemented.
[0183] In FIG. 11, this embodiment shows a logic 1100 of BS triggering to perform digital twin technology pre-verification for optimizing a load balancing trigger mechanism.
[0184] At step 1101, a BS A may request its own twin function to implement twin pre-verification related to load balance trigger mechanism optimization. The pre-verification is intended to twin BS B.
[0185] If the twin function of the BS A rejects the twin service request, the logic may end. If the twin function of the BS A accepts the twin service request, the twin function of the BS A may feed back the twin service request and related twin service configuration information to the communication function of the BS A at step 1102. The twin service request may include information about the twin service data collection request and the related twin service configuration information may include a DT service task type, a DT service task id, a DT pre-verification target, and auxiliary information.
[0186] At step 1103, the communication function of the BS A may send to the communication function of the BS B a RRC message including the twin service request generated at step 1101.
[0187] At step 1104, the BS B may identify that the message includes information on the twin service data collection request, and send the message to the twin function of the BS B for parsing and subsequent processing decision. The twin function of the BS B may determine whether to accept the twin service data collection request to provide twin service data.
[0188] If the twin function of the BS B determines to reject the twin service data collection request, the twin function of the BS B may feed back the rejection information to the communication function of the BS B at step 1105. Then, the communication function of the BS B may send a RRC message including the rejection information to the communication function of base station A at step 1114, and the logic may end.
[0189] If the twin function of the BS B determines to accept the twin service data collection request, the communication function of the BS B may send an RRC message including the acceptance information to the communication function of the BS A at step 1107 and the twin function of the BS B may collect twin service data, for example, resource usage, number of users, and traffic of the BS B at step 1108.
[0190] At step 1109, the communication function of the BS B may feed back the twin service data to the communication function of the BS A.
[0191] At step 1110, based on the twin service data fed back by the BS B, the twin function of the BS A may perform pre-verification operations for optimizing the load balancing triggering mechanism using functions such as twin modeling, twin control, and simulation, to try to obtain a twin simulation pre-verification result report, for example, including the pre-evaluation result and suggestions of the BS for optimizing the load balancing triggering mechanism.
[0192] If the twin function of the BS A fails to obtain the twin simulation pre-verification result report, the communication function of the BS A may send an RRC message including information on the pre-verification failure to the communication function of the BS B at step 1111.
[0193] If the twin function of the BS A obtains the twin simulation pre-verification result report, the BS A may perform, based on the pre-verification result, an operation of optimizing a load balancing-oriented trigger mechanism at step 1112.
[0194] At step 1113, the BS A may also send to other BSs having a similar load status a RRC message including the updated load balancing trigger mechanism configuration and the twin simulation pre-verification result report obtained at step 1110. In this way, the effect of current load balancing trigger mechanism and current candidate load balancing trigger mechanism of the BS A may be used as a reference to the other BSs, which may not have the twin function.
[0195] The present disclosure describes methods, apparatus, and computer-readable medium for wireless communication. The present disclosure addressed the issues with optimizing wireless communication configurations. The methods, devices, and computer-readable medium described in the present disclosure may facilitate the performance of wireless communication, thus improving efficiency and overall performance. The methods, devices, and computer-readable medium described in the present disclosure may improves the overall efficiency of the wireless communication systems.
[0196] In some other embodiments, a computer-readable medium comprising instructions which, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to carry out the above methods. The computer-readable medium may be referred as non-transitory computer-readable media (CRM) that stores data for extended periods such as a flash drive or compact disk (CD) , or for short periods in the presence of power such as a memory device or random access memory (RAM) .
[0197] In some embodiments, computer-readable instructions may be included in a software, which is embodied in one or more tangible, non-transitory, computer-readable media. Such non-transitory computer-readable media can be media associated with user-accessible mass storage as well as certain short-duration storage that are of non-transitory nature, such as internal mass storage or ROM. The software implementing various embodiments of the present disclosure can be stored in such devices and executed by a processor (or processing circuitry) . A computer-readable medium can include one or more memory devices or chips, according to particular needs. The software can cause the processor (including CPU, GPU, FPGA, and the like) to execute particular processes or particular parts of particular processes described herein, including defining data structures stored in RAM and modifying such data structures according to the processes defined by the software.
[0198] Reference throughout this specification to features, advantages, or similar language does not imply that all of the features and advantages that may be realized with the present solution should be or are included in any single implementation thereof. Rather, language referring to the features and advantages is understood to mean that a specific feature, advantage, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present solution. Thus, discussions of the features and advantages, and similar language, throughout the specification may, but do not necessarily, refer to the same embodiment.
[0199] Furthermore, the described features, advantages and characteristics of the present solution may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments, for non-limiting examples, a portion from one or more embodiment may be combined with another portion of other embodiments. One of ordinary skill in the relevant art will recognize, in light of the description herein, that the present solution can be practiced without one or more of the specific features or advantages of a particular embodiment. In other instances, additional features and advantages may be recognized in certain embodiments that may not be present in all embodiments of the present solution.
Claims
1.A method for wireless communication, comprising:receiving, by a first network element node with a digital twin function, a twin service request corresponding to a specific twin service use case from a twin service requester;in response to the twin service request, transmitting, by the first network element node, a twin service response to the twin service requester; andperforming, by the first network element node, a digital twin service operation based on the twin service request.2.The method of claim 1, further comprising:performing an optimization of wireless communication configuration corresponding to the specific twin service use case based on the digital twin service operation.3.The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the digit twin function comprises at least one of:twinning an application function of the first network element node,twinning a communication function of the first network element node,twinning a second network element node,twinning an application function of the second network element node, ortwinning a communication function of the second network element node.4.The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the twin service requester comprises at least one of:an application function in the first network element node,a communication function in the first network element node,a second network element node,an application function in the second network element node, ora communication function in the second network element node.5.The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the specific twin service use case involves one or more functions of one or more network element nodes.6.The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the twin service request is carried in a message and comprises configuration parameters of a twin service corresponding to the twin service request.7.The method of any of the preceding claims, further comprising:in response to the twin service request, constructing a twin service instance for the specific twin service use case.8.The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the twin service response is carried in a message and comprises an admission control result of a twin service corresponding to the twin service request.9.The method of claim 8, wherein the admission control result comprises at least one of:a confirmation of a digital twin function;a confirmation of an application function based digital twin function; ora confirmation of a communication function based digital twin function.10.The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein performing the digital twin service operation comprises:performing a twin simulation pre-verification operation based on the twin service request.11.The method of claim 10, further comprising:generating a twin simulation pre-verification result report based on the twin simulation pre-verification operation; andtransmitting the twin simulation pre-verification result report to the twin service requester or another network element node.12.The method of claim 11, wherein the twin simulation pre-verification result report is carried in a message and comprises a twin service simulation pre-verification result.13.The method of any of the preceding claims, further comprising:receiving twin service data for processing the twin service request,wherein performing digital twin service operation comprises:performing the twin service modelling based on the twin service data;performing a virtual-real status synchronization based on the twin service data; orperforming a twin simulation pre-verification operation based on the twin service data.14.The method of claim 13, wherein receiving twin service data for processing the twin service request comprises:receiving the twin service data for processing the twin service request from the twin service requester.15.The method of claim 14, further comprising:transmitting a request for the twin service data to the twin service requester.16.The method of any of the preceding claims, further comprising:transmitting post-processing twin service data corresponding to the twin service request to the twin service requester or another network element node with a digital twin function.17.The method of any of the preceding claims, further comprising:instructing the twin service requester to initiate the twin service request.18.The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the first network element node is a user equipment, a network base station, or a core network.19.The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the twin service requester is a network element node with a twin function.20.A wireless communications apparatus comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the processor is configured to read code from the memory and implement a method recited in any of claims 1 to 19.21.A non-transitory computer program product comprising a computer-readable program medium code stored thereupon, the computer-readable program medium code, when executed by a processor, causing the processor to implement a method recited in any of claims 1 to 19.
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