A process and device for producing a 3D formed conductor wire piece by employing rollers, edges and rods
The described process and device efficiently produce 3D formed conductor wire pieces with precise control over angled portions, addressing adaptability and cost issues in existing methods by using rollers and offsetting mechanisms.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2025/082458
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2024-03-18
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-13
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-25
AI Technical Summary
Existing methods for producing 3D formed conductor wire pieces, particularly hairpins, face challenges in precise control of angled portions and require separate molds for different shapes, leading to high production costs and limited adaptability.
A process and device using rollers and offsetting mechanisms to form 3D conductor wire pieces by bending a longitudinal wire into a 2D shape, then applying offset bends and precise bending forces to create a 3D bridging portion, allowing for flexible adaptation to different machine elements without needing separate contouring tools.
Enables precise control of 3D contours and reduces production costs by allowing adaptable production of 3D formed conductor wire pieces, such as hairpins, suitable for stators in electric machines.
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Figure CN2025082458_25092025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
A PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING A 3D FORMED CONDUCTOR WIRE PIECE BY EMPLOYING ROLLERS, EDGES AND RODSFIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The invention pertains to a process and device for producing a 3D formed conductor wire piece, preferably to a process and device for producing a 3D formed conductor wire piece having the shape of a hairpin, to a 3D formed conductor wire piece obtainable by said process and device , to the use of such a 3D formed conductor wire piece in a process for producing an assembly of a plurality of formed conductor wire pieces, preferably in a process for producing a stator for electric machines in a hairpin construction, to a process for producing an assembly of a plurality of formed conductor wire pieces, preferably to a process for producing an assembly of a plurality of formed conductor wire pieces having the shape of hairpin, even more preferably to a process for producing a stator for electric machines in a hairpin construction, to a production device for producing a hairpin stator, to an assembly, preferably to a stator for electric machines in a hairpin construction, obtainable by that process, to the use of such an assembly of a plurality of formed conductor wire pieces, preferably to the use of such a stator in hairpin construction, in electric machines, to electric machines comprising a stator in a hairpin construction and a rotor and to a device comprising moving parts driven by such an electric machine.BACKGROUND
[0002] Stators for electric machines in a hairpin construction are nowadays often found in drive engines, particularly in the automotive sector. With this production technique, a profile wire, usually a rectangular wire, is first bent into a U-shape, which can also be referred to as a conductor clip or “hairpin” . The legs of this hairpin are then arranged in a circle and inserted into the slots of a laminated stator core. In the next step, the free ends of the legs are twisted concentrically about the stator axis by a defined angle on the rear side of the stator, with all free ends that are on a certain diameter, i.e. on one layer of the winding, being twisted alternately clockwise and counterclockwise. This process is also known as “twisting” . Free ends that come to rest next to each other due to the twisting are welded and, depending on the winding scheme, so-called interconnecting bridges are placed on the winding head and welded to the free ends in order to connect the conductor clips to form an overall winding. Optionally, the free ends are then insulated and the entire stator is impregnated. This technology can be highly automated and achieves a high copper fill factor, i.e. a high ratio of the area covered by the conductor to the groove area. The fill factor of hairpin stators is, due to the rectangular cross-section and the small number of turns, approx. 73%and is thus considerably higher than with the classic winding methods (45-50%, depending on the insulation thickness) . Hairpin stators are therefore particularly suitable for the manufacture of electric machines in the automotive sector, in particular for the manufacture of drive units.
[0003] US2021178452A1 describes a 3D bending device and process for bending a wire, which is formed with a first leg, a second leg and an angled portion between the legs, into a 3-dimensional shape for the production of machine elements of electric machines. The 3D bending can take place only by fixing one of the legs and moving the free other leg. CN115133733A describes that clamping device clamps one end of the flat wire while a bending device moves and twists to bend the other end of the flat wire. The press force is not directly applied to the angled portion between the two legs of the wire. Hence the 3D shape of the angled portion cannot be precisely controlled.
[0004] JP2023050538A describes a bending processing device for bending a wire by pressing a movable mold against a stationary mold. Stators of different sizes with different coil windings require differently shaped angled portions between the legs, and thus different contours for these angled portions. During the bending process using a forming die, an individual corresponding mold has to be manufactured and used for each different contour to be formed.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0005] The present invention was based on the objective of overcoming the disadvantages resulting from the prior art in connection with the production of formed conductor wire pieces, particu-larly with formed conductor wire piece having the shape of a hairpin.
[0006] One object of the present invention is to provide a forming process or device for producing a 3D formed conductor wire piece in a precise manner.
[0007] Another object of the present invention is to provide a forming process or device for producing a 3D formed conductor wire piece with respect to a simpler adaptability for different machine elements and with respect to a lower production expenditure.
[0008] A contribution to at least partly solving at least one, preferably more than one, of the above objects is made by the independent claims. The dependent claims provide preferred embodiments which contribute to at least partly solving at least one of the objects.
[0009] A contribution to solving at least one of the objects according to the invention is made by a process for producing a three dimensional (3D) formed conductor wire piece according to a first embodiment of a first aspect of the present invention. The process comprises steps of:
[0010] - providing a longitudinal conductor wire piece having a first end and a second end,
[0011] - forming the longitudinal conductor wire piece to the 3D formed conductor wire piece;
[0012] wherein the step of forming 3D formed conductor wire piece comprises:
[0013] - forming the longitudinal conductor wire piece into a two dimensional (2D) formed conductor wire piece with at least two rollers, wherein the 2D formed conductor wire piece comprises a first leg with the first end, a second leg with the second end and a bridging portion that connects the first leg and the second leg, wherein the first leg is substantially parallel to the second leg, wherein the bridging portion is substantially on the same plane as the first leg and the second leg;
[0014] - forming the 2D formed conductor wire piece with an offset bent portion in the bridging portion with an offsetting mechanism, to obtain an intermediate 3D formed conductor wire piece, wherein the offset bent portion protrudes from the plane of the first leg and the second leg; and
[0015] - forming the intermediate 3D formed conductor wire piece into the 3D formed conductor wire piece, by exerting bending force on the bridging portion with a bending mechanism, to obtain a 3D bridging portion protruding from the plane of the first leg and the second leg, wherein the 3D formed conductor wire piece comprises the first leg, the second leg and the 3D bridging portion.
[0016] In a second embodiment of the process according to the first aspect of the invention, that preferably depends on the first embodiment of the process according to the first aspect of the invention, the offsetting mechanism comprises a first offsetting unit and a second offsetting unit disposed on opposing sides of the bridging portion in a width direction Y of the longitudinal conductor wire piece which is substantially perpendicular to the plane of the first leg and the second leg, wherein the step of forming offset bent portion comprises:
[0017] - placing the bridging portion between the first offsetting unit and the second offsetting unit; and
[0018] - moving the first offsetting unit and the second offsetting unit towards each other in the width direction Y, to exert bending force on the bridging portion, to obtain the offset bent portion in the bridging portion.
[0019] In a third embodiment of the process according to the first aspect of the invention, that preferably depends on the second embodiment of the process according to the first aspect of the invention, the first offsetting unit has a first inclined edge facing the bridging portion and the second offsetting unit while the second offsetting unit has a second inclined edge facing the bridging portion and the first offsetting unit, wherein in the step of moving the first offsetting unit and the second offsetting unit towards each other, the bridging portion is pressed against the first inclined edge and the second inclined edge. In one example, the first offsetting unit has two first inclined edges that are inclined in the opposite direction. The second offsetting unit has two second inclined edges that are inclined in the opposite direction. The one set of first and second inclined edges is used to form a Z-shaped offset bent portion while the other set of first and second inclined edges is used to form a reverse Z-shaped offset bent portion.
[0020] In a fourth embodiment of the process according to the first aspect of the invention, that preferably depends on any one of the first to third embodiments of the process according to the first aspect of the invention, the step of forming the 2D formed conductor wire piece comprises:
[0021] - forming the longitudinal conductor wire piece into a V-shaped wire piece, by exerting bending force on the longitudinal conductor wire piece with the at least two rollers, wherein the V-shaped wire piece comprises a first arm with the first end and a second arm with the second end, the first arm and the second arm connecting at a point and having a substantially same length; and
[0022] - forming the V-shaped wire piece into the 2D formed conductor wire piece, by exerting further bending force on the first arm and the second arm of the V-shaped wire piece with the at least two rollers to obtain the first leg, the second leg and the bridging portion.
[0023] In a fifth embodiment of the process according to the first aspect of the invention, that preferably depends on the fourth embodiment of the process according to the first aspect of the invention, the at least two rollers comprise at least two bending rollers and at least one supporting roller, wherein the at least two rollers are adapted and arranged to move in a thickness direction Z of the longitudinal wire piece, while the at least one supporting roller is adapted and arranged to stand still, wherein the step of forming the V-shaped wire piece comprises:
[0024] - placing the longitudinal conductor wire piece between the at least two bending rollers and the at least one supporting roller,
[0025] - wherein the at least two bending rollers are disposed along the longitudinal dimension X of the longitudinal conductor wire piece on a first side of the longitudinal conductor wire piece, while the at least one supporting roller is disposed along the longitudinal dimension X of the longitudinal conductor wire piece on a second side of the longitudinal conductor wire piece,
[0026] - wherein a first supporting roller among the at least one supporting roller is disposed substantially in a center along the longitudinal dimension X of the longitudinal conductor wire piece, while a first bending roller and a second bending roller among the at least two bending rollers are disposed substantially symmetrically relative to the first supporting roller; and
[0027] - moving the at least two bending rollers towards the at least one supporting to exert bending force on the longitudinal conductor wire piece, to obtain the V-shaped wire piece.
[0028] In a sixth embodiment of the process according to the first aspect of the invention, that preferably depends on the fifth embodiment of the process according to the first aspect of the invention, a third bending roller and a fourth bending roller among the at least two bending rollers are disposed substantially symmetrically relative to the first supporting roller. The third bending rollers and the fourth bending roller are disposed more distant from the first supporting roller than the first bending roller and the second bending roller. In the step of moving the at least two bending rollers towards the at least one supporting roller, the third bending rollers and the fourth bending roller are adapted and arranged to move a longer distance than the first bending roller and the second bending roller.
[0029] In a seventh embodiment of the process according to the first aspect of the invention, that preferably depends on the sixth embodiment of the process according to the first aspect of the invention, a second supporting roller and a third supporting roller among the at least one supporting roller are disposed substantially symmetrically relative to the first supporting roller. Distance d1, d2 of the second supporting roller or the third supporting roller from the longitudinal wire piece is larger than distance d0 of the first supporting roller from the longitudinal wire piece. In the step of moving the at least two bending rollers towards the at least one supporting roller, moving stops as the first arm or the second arm of the V-shaped wire piece come into contact with the second supporting roller or the third supporting roller.
[0030] In one example, the distance d1 of the second supporting roller from the longitudinal conductor wire piece is substantially same to the distance d2 of the fourth supporting roller from the longitudinal conductor wire piece.
[0031] In one example, the second supporting roller or the third supporting roller has a smaller diameter than the first supporting roller.
[0032] In one example, the third bending roller and the fourth bending roller are disposed more distant from the first supporting roller along the longitudinal dimension X of the longitudinal conductor wire piece, compared to the second supporting roller and the third supporting roller.
[0033] In one example, distance B1 of the third bending roller or the fourth bending roller from the first supporting roller and distance S1 of the second supporting roller or the third supporting roller from the first supporting roller meet the following expression: B1=S1+RB1+RS1+RW+V
[0034] where
[0035] - B1 is the distance of the third bending roller or the fourth bending roller from the first supporting roller;
[0036] - S1 is the distance of the second supporting roller or the third supporting roller from the first supporting roller;
[0037] - RB1 is radius of the third bending roller or the fourth bending roller;
[0038] - RS1 is radius of the second supporting roller or the third supporting roller;
[0039] - RW is a thickness of the longitudinal conductor wire piece; and
[0040] - V is a variant, wherein V varies from 0 to tolerance of RW.
[0041] In an eighth embodiment of the process according to the first aspect of the invention, that preferably depends on the seventh embodiment of the process according to the first aspect of the invention, the step of forming the 2D formed conductor wire piece comprises:
[0042] - keeping the first bending roller and the second bending roller still; and
[0043] - moving the third bending rollers and the fourth bending roller further to exert bending force on the first arm and the second arm of the V-shaped wire piece, so as to bend the first arm and the second arm around the second supporting roller and the third supporting roller, and to consequently obtain the first leg, the second leg and the bridging portion.
[0044] In one example, positions of the at least two bending rollers and the at least one supporting roller are adjustable along the longitudinal dimension X and / or in the thickness direction Z of the longitudinal conductor wire piece.
[0045] In one example, a second supporting roller and a third supporting roller among the at least one supporting roller are disposed substantially symmetrically relative to the first supporting roller, wherein distance of the second supporting roller or the third supporting roller from the longitudinal conductor wire piece is larger than distance d0 of the first supporting roller from the longitudinal conductor wire piece, the step of forming the V-shaped wire piece into the formed conductor wire piece comprises:
[0046] - adjusting positions of the first bending roller and the second bending roller along the longitudinal dimension X of the longitudinal conductor wire piece to be more distant from the first supporting roller than the second supporting roller and the third supporting roller; and
[0047] - moving the first bending roller and the second bending roller in the thickness direction Z of the longitudinal conductor wire piece, to exert bending force on the first arm and the second arm of the V-shaped wire piece, so as to bend the first arm and the second arm around the second supporting roller and the third supporting roller, and to consequently obtain the first leg, the second leg and the bridging portion.
[0048] In one example, any one or more of the at least two rollers is provided with a groove for receiving the conductor wire piece when bending force is applied to the conductor wire piece.
[0049] In a ninth embodiment of the process according to the first aspect of the invention, that preferably depends on any one of the first to eighth embodiments of the process according to the first aspect of the invention, the bending mechanism comprises a plurality of bending units, wherein the bending units are separate from each other, so that each of the plurality of bending units is adapted and arranged to exert the bending force on a different position of the bridging portion.
[0050] In a tenth embodiment of the process according to the first aspect of the invention, that preferably depends on the ninth embodiment of the process according to the first aspect of the invention, amounts of the bending forces exerted by the plurality of bending units on the bridging portion are different from each other.
[0051] In an eleventh embodiment of the process according to the first aspect of the invention, that preferably depends on the ninth or tenth embodiment of the process according to the first aspect of the invention, the bending units are adapted and arranged to move, independently from each other, in a width direction Y of the longitudinal conductor wire piece.
[0052] In a twelfth embodiment of the process according to the first aspect of the invention, that preferably depends on any one of the ninth to eleventh embodiment of the process according to the first aspect of the invention, the bending mechanism is disposed on a first side of the bridging portion in the width direction Y of the longitudinal conductor wire piece. A supporting mechanism is disposed on a second side of the bridging portion in the width direction Y of the longitudinal wire piece. The bending mechanism and the supporting mechanism are adapted and arranged to sandwich the bridging portion in between. In one example, the supporting mechanism is adapted and arranged to move along with the bending mechanism in the direction Y with the bridging portion being always disposed in between.
[0053] In a thirteenth embodiment of the process according to the first aspect of the invention, that preferably depends on the twelfth embodiment of the process according to the first aspect of the invention, the supporting mechanism comprises a plurality of supporting units corresponding to the plurality of bending units. The supporting units are separate from each other.
[0054] In a fourteenth embodiment of the process according to the first aspect of the invention, that preferably depends on the thirteenth embodiment of the process according to the first aspect of the invention, each of the plurality of supporting units is adapted and arranged to move along with a corresponding one of the plurality of bending units.
[0055] In one example, the step of forming the 3D formed conductor wire piece further comprises
[0056] - detecting position of each of the plurality of bending units or each of the plurality of supporting units in the direction Y substantially perpendicular to the plane of the first leg and the second leg;
[0057] - adjusting automatically the position based on the detected position, by use of an actuating mechanism adapted and arranged to actuate independently each of the plurality of bending units or each of the plurality of supporting units; and
[0058] - repeating the above detecting and adjusting steps until each of the plurality of bending units or each of the plurality of supporting units is moved in place.
[0059] In one example, the number of the plurality of bending units or the number of the plurality of supporting units is adjustable, preferably five or more.
[0060] In one example, any one or more of the plurality of bending units or any one or more of the plurality of supporting units is adapted and arranged to rotate on a plane that is substantially perpendicular to the first leg or the second leg.
[0061] In one example, each of the plurality of bending units or each the plurality of supporting units is in form of rod, comprising:
[0062] - a body portion adapted and arranged to be actuated by the actuating mechanism to move in the direction Y substantially perpendicular to the plane of the first leg and the second leg; and
[0063] - an end portion connected to the body portion and adapted and arranged to contact the bridging portion.
[0064] In one example, end portion of two outermost bending units or two outermost supporting units is designed to have an inclined plane.
[0065] A contribution to solving at least one of the objects according to the invention is made by a forming system according to a first embodiment of a second aspect of the invention for producing a three-dimensional (3D) formed conductor wire piece from a longitudinal conductor wire piece having a first end and a second end. The forming system according to the first embodiment of a second aspect of the invention comprises:
[0066] - a two-dimensional (2D) formed conductor wire piece forming device, adapted and arranged to form the longitudinal conductor wire piece introduced into the forming system into a 2D formed conductor wire piece, wherein the 2D formed conductor wire piece comprises a first leg with the first end, a second leg with the second end and a bridging portion that connects the first leg and the second leg, wherein the first leg is substantially parallel to the second leg, wherein the bridging portion are substantially on the same plane as the first leg and the second leg;
[0067] - an offset bent portion forming device, adapted and arranged to form the 2D formed conductor wire piece obtained by the 2D formed conductor wire piece forming device, with an offset bent portion in the bridging portion, to obtain an immediate 3D formed conductor wire piece, wherein the offset bent portion protrudes from the plane of the first leg and the second leg; and
[0068] - a 3D formed conductor wire piece forming device, adapted and arranged to form the immediate 3D formed conductor wire piece obtained by the offset bent portion forming device, into the 3D formed conductor wire piece, wherein the bridging portion is bent into a 3D bridging portion protruding from the plane of the first leg and the second leg, wherein the 3D formed conductor wire piece comprises the first leg, the second leg and the 3D bridging portion.
[0069] In a second embodiment of the forming system according to the second aspect of the invention, that preferably depends on the first embodiment of the forming system according to the second aspect of the invention, the offset bent portion forming device comprises an offsetting mechanism having a first offsetting unit and a second offsetting unit, wherein
[0070] - the first offsetting unit and the second offsetting unit are disposed on opposing sides of the bridging portion in a width direction Y of the longitudinal conductor wire piece introduced into the forming system, wherein the direction Y is substantially perpendicular to the plane of the first leg and the second leg;
[0071] - the first offsetting unit and the second offsetting unit are adapted and arranged to move towards each other in the width direction Y, to exert bending force on the bridging portion, to obtain the offset bent portion in the bridging portion.
[0072] In a third embodiment of the forming system according to the second aspect of the invention, that preferably depends on the second embodiment of the forming system according to the second aspect of the invention, the first offsetting unit has a first inclined edge facing the bridging portion and the second offsetting unit while the second offsetting unit has a second inclined edge facing the bridging portion and the first offsetting unit. The first inclined edge and the second inclined edge are adapted and arranged to press the bridging portion. In one example, the first offsetting unit has two first inclined edges that are inclined in the opposite direction. The second offsetting unit has two second inclined edges that are inclined in the opposite direction. The one set of first and second inclined edges is used to form a Z-shaped offset bent portion while the other set of first and second inclined edges is used to form a reverse Z-shaped offset bent portion.
[0073] In a fourth embodiment of the forming system according to the second aspect of the invention, that preferably depends on any one of the first to third embodiments of the forming system according to the second aspect of the invention, the 2D formed conductor wire piece forming device comprises a first bending roller and second bending roller disposed along a longitudinal dimension X of the longitudinal conductor wire piece on a first side of the longitudinal conductor wire piece. The first bending roller and second bending roller are adapted and arranged to exert bending force on the longitudinal conductor wire piece, to form the longitudinal conductor wire piece introduced into the forming system into a V-shaped wire piece. The first bending roller and second bending roller are adapted and arranged to exert further bending force on the first arm and the second arm of the V-shaped wire piece, to obtain the first leg, the second leg and the bridging portion.
[0074] In a fifth embodiment of the forming system according to the second aspect of the invention, that preferably depends on the fourth embodiment of the forming system according to the second aspect of the invention, the 2D formed conductor wire piece forming device further comprises a first supporting roller disposed on a second side of the longitudinal conductor wire piece introduced into the forming system. The first supporting roller is disposed substantially in a center along the longitudinal dimension X of the longitudinal conductor wire piece introduced into the forming system. The first bending roller and the second bending roller are disposed substantially symmetrically relative to the first supporting roller. The first bending roller and the second bending roller moves in a thickness direction Z of the longitudinal conductor wire piece introduced into the forming system to bend the longitudinal conductor wire piece introduced into the forming system around the first supporting roller, to obtain the V-shaped wire piece.
[0075] In a sixth embodiment of the forming system according to the second aspect of the invention, that preferably depends on the fifth embodiment of the forming system according to the second aspect of the invention, the 2D formed conductor wire piece forming device further comprises a third bending roller and a fourth bending roller adapted and arranged to exert bending force on the longitudinal conductor wire piece introduced into the forming system. The third bending rollers and the fourth bending roller are disposed substantially symmetrically relative to the first supporting roller on the first side of the longitudinal conductor wire piece introduced into the forming system. The third bending rollers and the fourth bending roller are disposed more distant from the first supporting roller than the first bending roller and the second bending roller. The third bending rollers and the fourth bending roller are adapted and arranged to move, in the thickness direction Z of the longitudinal conductor wire piece introduced into the forming system, a longer distance than the first bending roller and the second bending roller, to exert the bending force.
[0076] In a seventh embodiment of the forming system according to the second aspect of the invention, that preferably depends on the sixth embodiment of the forming system according to the second aspect of the invention, the 2D formed conductor wire piece forming device further comprises a second supporting roller and a third supporting roller disposed substantially symmetrically relative to the first supporting roller on the second side of the longitudinal conductor wire piece introduced into the forming system. Distance d1, d2 of the second supporting roller or the third supporting roller from the longitudinal conductor wire piece introduced into the forming system is larger than distance d0 of the first supporting roller from the longitudinal conductor wire piece introduced into the forming system.
[0077] In one example, the distance d1 of the second supporting roller from the longitudinal conductor wire piece is substantially same to the distance d2 of the fourth supporting roller from the longitudinal conductor wire piece.
[0078] In one example, the second supporting roller or the third supporting roller has a smaller diameter than the first supporting roller.
[0079] In one example, the third bending roller and the fourth bending roller are disposed more distant from the first supporting roller along the longitudinal dimension X of the longitudinal conductor wire piece, compared to the second supporting roller and the third supporting roller.
[0080] In one example, distance B1 of the third bending roller or the fourth bending roller from the first supporting roller and distance S1 of the second supporting roller or the third supporting roller from the first supporting roller meet the following expression: B1=S1+RB1+RS1+RW+V
[0081] where
[0082] - B1 is the distance of the third bending roller (605) or the fourth bending roller (607) from the first supporting roller (611) ;
[0083] - S1 is the distance of the second supporting roller (613) or the third supporting roller (615) from the first supporting roller (611) ;
[0084] - RB1 is radius of the third bending roller (605) or the fourth bending roller (607) ;
[0085] - RS1 is radius of the second supporting roller (613) or the third supporting roller (615) ;
[0086] - RW is a thickness of the longitudinal conductor wire piece; and
[0087] - V is a variant, wherein V1 varies from 0 to tolerance of RW.
[0088] In an eighth embodiment of the forming system according to the second aspect of the invention, that preferably depends on the seventh embodiment of the forming system according to the second aspect of the invention, as the first arm or the second arm of the V-shaped wire piece comes into contact with the second supporting roller or the third supporting roller, the first bending roller and the second bending roller are adapted and arranged to stop moving; and the third bending rollers and the fourth bending roller are adapted and arranged to move further in the thickness direction Z, to exert bending force on the first arm and the second arm of the V-shaped wire piece, so as to bend the first arm and the second arm around the second supporting roller and the third supporting roller, and to consequently obtain the first leg, the second leg and the bridging portion.
[0089] In one example, positions of the first to fourth bending rollers and the first to third supporting roller are adjustable along the longitudinal dimension X and / or in the thickness direction Z of the longitudinal conductor wire piece.
[0090] In one example, the forming device further comprises a second supporting roller and a third supporting roller disposed substantially symmetrically relative to the first supporting roller on the second side of the longitudinal conductor wire piece, wherein distance d1, d2 of the second supporting roller or the third supporting roller from the longitudinal conductor wire piece is larger than distance d0 of the first supporting roller from the longitudinal conductor wire piece, wherein, as the first arm or the second arm of the V-shaped wire piece comes into contact with the second supporting roller or the third supporting roller, the first bending roller and the second bending roller are adapted and arranged to move along the longitudinal dimension X of the longitudinal conductor wire piece to be disposed more distant from the first supporting roller than the second supporting roller and the third supporting roller; and to move further in the thickness direction Z of the longitudinal conductor wire piece, to exert bending force on the first arm and the second arm of the V-shaped wire piece, so as to bend the first arm and the second arm around the second supporting roller and the third supporting roller, and to consequently obtain the first leg, the second leg and the bridging portion.
[0091] In one example, any one or more of the first to fourth bending rollers is provided with a groove for receiving the conductor wire piece when bending force is applied to the conductor wire piece.
[0092] In a ninth embodiment of the forming system according to the second aspect of the invention, that preferably depends on any one of the first to eighth embodiments of the forming system according to the second aspect of the invention, the 3D formed conductor wire piece forming device comprise a bending mechanism having a plurality of bending units, wherein the bending units are separate from each other, so that each of the plurality of bending units is adapted and arranged to exert the bending force on a different position of the bridging portion.
[0093] In a tenth embodiment of the forming system according to the second aspect of the invention, that preferably depends on the ninth embodiment of the forming system according to the second aspect of the invention, amounts of the bending forces exerted by the plurality of bending units on the bridging portion are different from each other.
[0094] In an eleventh embodiment of the forming system according to the second aspect of the invention, that preferably depends on the ninth or tenth embodiment of the forming system according to the second aspect of the invention, the bending units are adapted and arranged to move, independently from each other, in the width direction Y of the longitudinal conductor wire piece introduced into the forming system.
[0095] In a twelfth embodiment of the forming system according to the second aspect of the invention, that preferably depends on any one of the ninth to eleventh embodiments of the forming system according to the second aspect of the invention, the bending mechanism is disposed on a first side of the bridging portion in the width direction Y of the longitudinal conductor wire piece introduced into the forming system. The 3D formed conductor wire piece forming device further comprises a supporting mechanism is disposed on a second side of the bridging portion in the width direction Y of the longitudinal conductor wire piece introduced into the forming system. The bending mechanism and the supporting mechanism are adapted and arranged to sandwich the bridging portion in between. In one example, the supporting mechanism are adapted and arranged to move along with the bending mechanism in the direction Y, with the bridging portion being always disposed in between.
[0096] In a thirteenth embodiment of the forming system according to the second aspect of the invention, that preferably depends on the twelfth embodiment of the forming system according to the second aspect of the invention, the supporting mechanism comprises a plurality of supporting units corresponding to the plurality of bending units. The supporting units are separate from each other.
[0097] In a fourteenth embodiment of the forming system according to the second aspect of the invention, that preferably depends on the thirteenth embodiment of the forming system according to the second aspect of the invention, each of the plurality of supporting units is adapted and arranged to move along with a corresponding one of the plurality of bending units.
[0098] In one example, the 3D formed conductor wire piece forming device further comprises:
[0099] - a detection unit adapted and arranged to detect position of each of the plurality of bending units or each of the plurality of supporting units in a direction Y substantially perpendicular to the plane of the first leg and the second leg;
[0100] - an actuating mechanism adapted and arranged to actuate independently each of the plurality of bending units or each of the plurality of supporting units;
[0101] - a control unit adapted and arranged to enable, based on the position detected by the detection unit, the actuating mechanism to actuate each of the plurality of bending units or each of the plurality of supporting units, until each of the plurality of bending units or each of the plurality of supporting units is moved in place.
[0102] In one example, the number of the plurality of bending units or the number of the plurality of supporting units is adjustable, preferably five or more.
[0103] In one example, any one or more of the plurality of bending units or any one or more of the plurality of supporting units is adapted and arranged to rotate on a plane that is substantially perpendicular to the first leg or the second leg.
[0104] In one example, each of the plurality of bending units or each the plurality of supporting units is in form of rod, comprising:
[0105] - a body portion adapted and arranged to be actuated by the actuating mechanism to move in the direction Y substantially perpendicular to the plane of the first leg and the second leg; and
[0106] - an end portion connected to the body portion and adapted and arranged to contact the bridging portion.
[0107] In one example, the end portion of two outermost bending units or two outermost supporting units is designed to have an inclined plane.
[0108] In a third aspect of the present invention, a contribution to solving at least one of the objects according to the invention is made by the use of the forming system according to any of the first to fourteenth embodiments according to the second aspect of the present invention in the process for the production of a three-dimensional (3D) formed conductor wire piece according to any of the first to fourteenth embodiments according to the first aspect of the present invention.
[0109] A contribution to solving at least one of the objects according to the invention is made by a process for producing an assembly of 3D formed conductor wire pieces according to a first embodiment of a fourth aspect of the present invention. The process comprises the process steps:
[0110] - providing a plurality of 3D formed conductor wire pieces, each of the 3D formed con-ductor wire piece being produced by the process according to any one of the first to fourteenth embodiments of the first aspect of the present invention;
[0111] - arranging the 3D formed conductor wire pieces of the plurality of 3D formed conductor wire pieces relative to each other to obtain an assembly of 3D formed conductor wire pieces, wherein this arrangement is accomplished in such a way that the legs of the 3D formed conductor wire pieces of the plurality of 3D formed conductor wire pieces are orientated in basically the same direction; and
[0112] - providing an electrical contact between the first end or the second end of a given 3D formed conductor wire piece and the first end or the second end of another 3D formed conductor wire piece.
[0113] In a second embodiment of the process according to the fourth aspect of the invention, that preferably depends on the first embodiment of the process according to the fourth aspect of the invention, in the process step of arranging the 3D formed conductor wire pieces, the 3D formed conductor wire pieces are arranged in one or more circles, wherein in case of more than one circle these circles are formed in a concentric arrangement.
[0114] In a third embodiment of the process according to the fourth aspect of the invention, that preferably depends on the first or second embodiment of the process according to the fourth aspect of the invention, in the process step of providing the electrical contact, the contacts are formed for all 3D formed conductor wire pieces that are located within in a given circle of 3D formed conductor wire, thereby forming one or more electrically conductive windings.
[0115] A contribution to solving at least one of the objects according to the invention is made by a production device for producing a hairpin stator according to a fifth aspect of the present invention. The production device comprises: the forming system according to any one of the first to fourteenth embodiments of the second aspect of the present invention; and a machining device adapted and arranged to process the 3D formed conductor wire piece to produce the hairpin stator.
[0116] In the present invention, provision of the offset bent portion and the arched 3D bridging portion facilitates the subsequent arrangement of the 3D formed wire pieces into a crown. Compared to the prior art with one leg of the wire being fixed and the other leg of the wire being bent, the 3D forming process and device of the present invention apply the press force directly on the bridging portion between the two legs by a plurality of independent bending rods and thus a 3D contour of the bridging portion can be precisely controlled.
[0117] In contrast to the prior art with the bending process using a forming die, the 3D forming process and device of the present invention require no separate contouring tools for different shapes of the formed conductor wire piece. Therefore, the present invention is more simply adaptable for different machine elements and consequently lowers production expenditure.
[0118] The process and device for forming 2D formed wire pieces according to the present invention employ bending rollers and supporting rollers to bend the longitudinal conductor wire piece first into a V-shaped pin and then into a U-shaped pin. With the present invention, a hairpin can be obtained in a simple but efficient way. Furthermore, in the present invention, starting positions of the rollers are adjustable along the longitudinal dimension and / or in the thickness direction of the longitudinal conductor wire piece. Therefore, the process and device for producing a formed conductor wire piece according to the present invention can be flexibly adapted for a wide variety of the conductor wire pieces, thereby avoiding the need to change the forming tools.
[0119] FIGURES
[0120] The figures serve to exemplify the present invention, and should not be viewed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the figures are not drawn to scale.
[0121] Fig. 1A-1C shows a 2D formed conductor wire piece 100 having the shape of a hairpin, an intermediate 3D formed conductor wire piece 110 and a final 3D formed conductor wire piece 130 obtainable by the process according to the present invention, respectively.
[0122] Fig. 2 shows an assembly 200 in the form of a basket of a formed conductor wire pieces 130, each formed conductor wire piece 130 having the shape of a hairpin, obtainable by the process for the production of an assembly according to the present invention, before it is placed into the slots 303 of a laminated stator core 300 as shown in Fig. 3.
[0123] Fig. 3 shows the side-view of a laminated stator core 300, into which the formed conductor wire pieces 130 obtainable by the process according to the present invention or into which one or more assemblies 200 of such formed conductor wire pieces 130 can be introduced for the formation of a stator in a hairpin construction 400.
[0124] Fig. 4 shows a top view of such a laminated stator core 300.
[0125] Fig. 5 shows the connected ends of the formed conductor wire pieces 130 obtainable by the process according to the present invention after the have been bend in opposing directions.
[0126] Fig. 6 shows a stator in a hairpin construction 400 that can be produced by means of the process for the preparation of an assembly according to the present invention.
[0127] Fig. 7 is a functional module figure that shows a forming system 900 for producing a 3D formed conductor wire piece 130 according to one embodiment of the present invention.
[0128] Fig. 8A-8C shows a workflow of a forming device 600 according to the present invention.
[0129] Fig. 9 illustrates the positional relationship between the third and the fourth bending rollers 605, 607 and the second and the third supporting rollers 613, 615 according to one example of the present invention.
[0130] Fig. 10 shows a bending roller with a groove on the cylindrical body according to one embodiment of the present invention.
[0131] Fig. 11 shows an offset bent portion forming device 700 for forming offset bent portion 120 in the bridging portion 105 according to one embodiment of the present invention.
[0132] Fig. 12 shows a three-dimensional (3D) formed conductor wire piece forming device 800 according to one embodiment of the present invention for producing a 3D formed conductor wire piece 130.
[0133] Fig. 13 shows the 3D formed conductor wire piece forming device 800 according to one embodiment of the present invention further comprising a detection unit 830, an actuating mechanism 840 and a control unit 845.DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0134] The present disclosure can be understood more readily by reference to the following detailed description taken in connection with the accompanying figures and examples, which form a part of this disclosure. It is to be understood that this disclosure is not limited to the specific devices, methods, applications, conditions or parameters described and / or shown herein, and that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments by way of example only and is not intended to be limiting of the scope of the present disclosure. Also, as used herein, the singular forms “a, ” “an, ” and “the” include “at least one” and a plurality. Further, reference to a plurality as used in the specification including the appended claims includes the singular “a, ” “an, ” “one, ” and “the, ” and further includes “at least one. ” Further still, reference to a particular numerical value in the specification including the appended claims includes at least that particular value, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.
[0135] The term “plurality” , as used herein, means more than one. When a range of values is expressed, another example includes from the one particular value and / or to the other particular value. Similarly, when values are expressed as approximations, by use of the antecedent “about, ” it will be understood that the particular value forms another example. All ranges are inclusive and combinable.
[0136] The term “substantially, ” “approximately, ” and derivatives thereof, and words of similar import, when used to describe sizes, shapes, spatial relationships, distances, directions, and other similar parameters includes the stated parameter in addition to a range up to 10%more and up to 10%less than the stated parameter, including up to 5%more and up to 5%less, including up to 3%more and up to 3%less, including up to 1%more and up to 1%less.
[0137] Fig. 1A shows a 2D formed conductor wire piece 100 having the shape of a hairpin as it is obtainable by the process according to the present invention. The hairpin is preferably a copper hairpin comprising an insulation on the outer surface (indicated by the black colour) . The hairpin comprises two substantially parallel legs 101 and 103, the first leg 101 having a first end 102 and the second leg 103 having a second end 104, wherein at the first end 102 and at the second end 104 the insulation is preferably removed. The formed conductor wire piece 100 comprises further a bridging portion 105 that connects the first leg 101 and the second leg 103. The bridging portion 105 is substantially on the same plane as the first leg 101 and the second leg 103. The conductor wire used for forming the hairpin 100 preferably has a rectangular cross-sectional shape with, for example, a width of 3.24 mm and a thickness of 2.84 mm. However, the actual size of the rectangular cross-sectional shape depends, for example, on the size of the stator into which the hairpins are to be introduced and / or the density of the assembly of formed conductor wire pieces that is to be introduced into the slots of the stator. The width of the conductor wire used for forming the hairpin 100 can be in the range from 3 mm to 6 mm. The thickness of the conductor wire can be in the range from 1.5 mm to 3.0 mm. The conductor wire with, for example, a width of 4.0mm or above and a thickness of 2.0 mm or above can be regarded as thick wire. The thickness of the insulation that is applied onto at least a part of the surface of the conductor wire can, for example, be in the range from 0.01 mm to 0.1 mm, preferably in the range from 0.03 mm to 0.07 mm.
[0138] Fig. 1B shows an intermediate 3D formed conductor wire piece 110 obtained from the 2D formed conductor wire piece 100. Compared to the 2D formed conductor wire piece 100, the intermediate 3D formed conductor wire piece 110 has an offset bent portion 120 in the bridging portion 105. The offset bent portion 120 protrudes from the plane of the first leg 101 and the second leg 103. In one example, the offset bent portion 120 is Z-shaped. Same as the 2D formed conductor wire piece 100, intermediate 3D formed conductor wire piece 110 has preferably insulation on the outer surface (not shown in Fig. 1B) . At the first end 102 and at the second end 104 the insulation is preferably removed. The Z-shaped offset bent portion 120 has, for example, a width of 1 to 8 times of width of the wire piece 100.
[0139] Fig. 1C shows a final 3D formed conductor wire piece 130 obtained from the intermediate 3D formed conductor wire piece 110. The 3D formed conductor wire piece 130 comprises the 3D bridging portion 105’ , the first leg 101 having the first end 102, and the second leg 103 having the second end 104. The 3D formed conductor wire piece 130 has preferably insulation on the outer surface (not shown in Fig. 1C) . At the first end 102 and at the second end 104 the insulation is preferably removed. The 3D bridging portion 105’ in the 3D formed conductor wire piece 130 protrudes from the plane of the legs 101 and 103. In one example, the 3D bridging portion 105’ is in a shape of arch. In one example, the 3D bridging portion 105’ is in a shape of arc in the range of, for example, 100 degree to 160 degree. The offset bent portion 120 and the 3D bridging portion 105’ facilitate the subsequent arrangement of the 3D formed wire pieces 130 into a crown.
[0140] Fig. 2 shows an assembly 200 in the form of a basket of a formed conductor wire pieces 130 having the shape of a hairpin obtainable by the process for the production of an assembly according to the present invention, wherein the formed conductor wire pieces 130 are arranged in circles or rings, wherein two of such circles 202 and 203 are formed in a concentric arrangement. Such an assembly of formed conductor wire pieces can be placed into the slots 303 of a laminated stator core 300 as shown in Fig. 3 for the formation of a stator in a hairpin construction 400. Each circle or ring 202 and 203 forms a conductive winding when at the end of the process for the preparation of an assembly the ends 102 and 104 of the hairpins are connected with each other in a well-defined manner. As shown in Fig. 2, the formed conductor wire pieces 130 are arranged relative to each other in such a way that the first end 102 and the second end 104 of each of these formed conductor wire pieces is orientated in basically the same direction. In this context it is also preferred that the first ends 102 and the second ends 104 of all of these formed conductor wire pieces 130 are basically located in the same plane 201 (this plane being indicated by means of a dotted circle at the bottom of the assembly) . On the opposite side of the assembly section 105 of the hairpins by means of which the two legs 101 and 103 of a given hairpin are connected with each other may also be located substantially in a same plane.
[0141] Fig. 3 shows the side-view of a laminated cylindrical stator core 300 into which the formed conductor wire pieces 130 obtainable by the process according to the present invention or into which an assembly 200 of such formed conductor wire pieces 130, as it is shown in Fig. 2, can be introduced for the formation of a stator in a hairpin construction 400. The cylindrical stator core 300 comprises an outer perimeter surface 301 and an inner perimeter surface 302 with a plurality of slots 303 formed between the inner perimeter surface 302 and the outer perimeter surface 301, the inner perimeter surface 302 defining an inner cylindrical space 306 (shown in Fig. 4) that extends in an axial direction within the stator 300, wherein the first and the second legs 101 and 103 of the formed conductor wire pieces 130 are introduced into the slots 303 of the cylindrical stator core 300. The cylindrical stator core 300 shown in Fig. 3 is formed from a large number of stacked electrical laminations 304, each of the electrical laminations 304 being closed to form a circular ring. The cylindrical stator core 300 comprises individual stator teeth 305, with each individual stator core teeth 305 being formed from a large number of stacked electrical laminations 304. Stator core teeth 305 are components of the stator core 300 which are designed as circumferentially spaced, teeth-like radially inwardly directed parts of the stator body, wherein the free space between two adjacent teeth 305 form slots 303 into which the formed conductor wire pieces 130 can be introduced as described above.
[0142] Fig. 4 shows a top view of a laminated stator core 300 similar to the one shown in Fig. 3. As can be seen in Fig. 4, depending on the width of the slots 303, each slot 303 can accommodate a certain number n of legs 101 and 103 of the formed conductor wire pieces 130 (in Fig. 4 n is 6) .
[0143] Fig. 5 shows the connected ends 102 and 104 of the formed conductor wire pieces in an assembly that may be obtained by the process according to the present invention after they have been bend in opposing directions. For the formation of a stator in a hairpin construction 400, the first end 102 and the second end 104 of each formed conductor wire piece 130 that has been introduced into the slots 303 of a cylindrical stator core 300 is twisted in such a way that an s-shaped form of the ends is obtained, wherein the first end 102 of a given formed conductor wire piece 130 (hairpin) is bent in one direction and the further end 104 is bent in the opposite direction so that the first end 102 of a one formed conductor wire piece 130 comes to rest next to the second end 104 of another formed conductor wire piece 130. The ends 102 and 104 thus brought into close proximity are then connected to each other, for example, by Laser-welding. If this process is carried out for all the formed conductor wire pieces 130 within a given circle 202, 203 of the circularly arranged formed conductor wire pieces 130, electrically conductive winding is obtained in the cylindrical stator core 300.
[0144] Fig. 6 shows a stator in a hairpin construction 400 that can be produced by means of the process for the preparation of an assembly according to the present invention. The stator 400 comprises a stator core 300 into which the assembly 200 of formed conductor wire pieces 130, preferably the assembly of formed conductor wire pieces 130 having the shape of a hairpin, has been introduced and in which the ends 102 and 104 of each hairpin have been twisted and connected as described above. The stator 400 further comprises connections 401 to enable electric contact of the respective windings of the stator 400.
[0145] Fig. 7 is a functional module figure that shows a forming system 900 for producing a 3D formed conductor wire piece 130 according to one embodiment of the present invention. The forming system 900 forms a longitudinal conductor wire piece having a first end 102 and a second end 104 into a 3D formed conductor wire piece 130. The forming system 900 comprises a 2D formed conductor wire piece forming device 600, an offset bent portion forming device 700 and a 3D formed conductor wire piece forming device 800. In one example, these three forming devices are arranged in this order.
[0146] The 2D formed conductor wire piece forming device 600 forms the longitudinal conductor wire piece introduced into the forming system 900 into a 2D formed conductor wire piece 100. Here, the 2D formed conductor wire piece 100 comprises a first leg 101 with the first end 102, a second leg 103 with the second end 104 and a bridging portion 105 that connects the first leg 101 and the second leg 103. The first leg 101 is substantially parallel to the second leg 103. The bridging portion 105 are substantially on the same plane as the first leg 101 and the second leg 103. Preferably, the 2D formed conductor wire piece 100 is in the shape of a hairpin.
[0147] The 2D formed conductor wire piece 100 obtained by the 2D formed conductor wire piece forming device 600 is then transmitted to the offset bent portion forming device 700. The offset bent portion forming device 700 forms the 2D formed conductor wire piece 100 into an immediate 3D formed conductor wire piece 110 by forming an offset bent portion 120 in the bridging portion 105. The offset bent portion 120 protrudes from the plane of the first leg 101 and the second leg 103.
[0148] The immediate 3D formed conductor wire piece 110 obtained by the offset bent portion forming device 700 is then transmitted to the 3D formed conductor wire piece forming device 800. The 3D formed conductor wire piece forming device 800 forms the immediate 3D formed conductor wire piece 110 into the final 3D formed conductor wire piece 130 by bending the bridging portion 105 into a 3D bridging portion 105’ . The 3D bridging portion 105’ protrudes from the plane of the first leg 101 and the second leg 103. The 3D formed conductor wire piece 130 comprises the first leg 101, the second leg 103 and the 3D bridging portion 105’ .
[0149] Figs. 8A-8C illustrate a workflow of forming device 600 according to the present invention. In a starting position, as shown in Fig. 8A, a longitudinal conductor wire piece having a first end 102 and a second end 104 is introduced into the forming device 600. The forming device 600 comprises a first bending roller 601, a second bending roller 603, a third bending roller 605 and a fourth bending roller 607 disposed along a longitudinal dimension X of the conductor wire piece on an upper side of the conductor wire piece. The first bending roller 601, the second bending roller 603, the third bending roller 605 and the fourth bending roller 607 can move in the direction Z. The forming device 600 further comprises a first supporting roller 611, a second supporting roller 613 and a third supporting roller 615 disposed on a lower side of the longitudinal conductor wire piece. The first supporting roller 611, the second supporting roller 613 and the third supporting roller 615 stand still while the bending rollers 601, 603, 605 and 607 are moving. In one example, the first supporting roller 611, the second supporting roller 613, and / or the third supporting roller 615 can be fixed.
[0150] The first supporting roller 611 is disposed substantially in the center 105-0 of the conductor wire piece. The second supporting roller 613 and the third supporting roller 615 are arranged substantially symmetrically relative to the first supporting roller 611. The first bending roller 601, the second bending roller 603, the third bending roller 605 and the fourth bending roller 607 are arranged symmetrically relative to the first supporting roller 611. The third bending roller 605 and the fourth bending roller 607 are disposed more distant from the first supporting roller 611 than the first bending roller 601 and the second bending roller 603. The distance d1 of the second supporting roller 613 from the longitudinal conductor wire piece and the distance d2 of the third supporting roller 615 from the longitudinal conductor wire piece are larger than the distance d0 of the first supporting roller 611 from the longitudinal conductor wire piece. In one example, the distance d1 is substantially same to the distance d2. The third bending roller 605 and the fourth bending roller 607 are arranged more distant from the first supporting roller 611 along the direction X, compared to the second supporting roller 613 and the third supporting roller 615.
[0151] As shown in Fig. 8B, the first bending roller 601, the second bending roller 603, the third bending roller 605 and the fourth bending roller 607 move downwards (in the direction Z as shown in Fig. 8B) to bend the longitudinal wire piece around the first supporting roller 611, to form the longitudinal conductor wire piece into a V-shaped wire piece 100’ . The V-shaped wire piece 100’ comprises a first arm 101’ with the first end 102 and a second arm 103’ with the second end 104. The first arm 101’ and the second arm 103’ connect at a point 105-0 and have a substantially same length. the third bending roller 605 and the fourth bending roller 607 move a longer distance than the first bending roller 601 and the second bending roller 603. As the first arm 101’ and / or the second arm 103’ of the V-shaped wire piece 100’ come into contact with the second supporting roller 613 or the third supporting roller 615, the first bending roller 601 and the second bending roller 603 stop moving.
[0152] As shown in Fig. 8C, when the first bending roller 601 and the second bending roller 603 stop moving, the third bending roller 605 and the fourth bending roller 607 move further in the direction Z, to exert bending force on the first arm 101’ and the second arm 103’ of the V-shaped wire piece 100’ , so as to bend the first arm 101’ and the second arm 103’ around the second supporting roller 613 and the third supporting roller 615, thereby obtaining the first leg 101, the second leg 103 and the bridging portion 105 of the formed conductor wire piece 100. Here, the first leg 101 is substantially parallel to the second leg 103.
[0153] The forming device 600 for forming a 2D formed wire piece according to the present invention employ bending rollers and supporting rollers to bend the longitudinal conductor wire piece first into a V-shaped pin and then into a U-shaped pin. With the present invention, a hairpin can be obtained in a simple but efficient way.
[0154] In one example, starting positions of the first to fourth bending rollers 601, 603, 605, 607 and the first to third supporting roller 611, 613, 615 are adjustable along the longitudinal dimension X and / or in the thickness direction Z of the longitudinal conductor wire piece. For example, the rollers are actuated by using a lead screw driven by a servo motor (not shown) . Therefore, the process and device for producing a formed conductor wire piece according to this example can be flexibly adapted for a wide variety of the conductor wire pieces, thereby avoiding the need to change the forming tools.
[0155] In the present invention, the bending rollers and supporting rollers are preferably in the shape of cylinder. Fig. 9 illustrates the positional relationship between the third and the fourth bending rollers 605, 607 and the second and the third supporting rollers 613, 615 according to one example of the present invention. Distance B1 of the third bending roller 605 and the fourth bending roller 607 from the first supporting roller 611 and distance S1 of the second supporting roller 613 or the third supporting roller 615 from the first supporting roller 611 meet the following expression: B1=S1+RB1+RS1+RW+V
[0156] where
[0157] - B1 is the distance of the third bending roller 605 or the fourth bending roller 607 from the first supporting roller 611;
[0158] - S1 is the distance of the second supporting roller 613 or the third supporting roller 615 from the first supporting roller 611;
[0159] - RB1 is radius of the third bending roller 605 or the fourth bending roller 607;
[0160] - RS1 is radius of the second supporting roller 613 or the third supporting roller 615;
[0161] - RW is a thickness of the longitudinal conductor wire piece; and
[0162] - V is a variant, wherein V1 varies from 0 to tolerance of RW. In one example, the tolerance of RW can be in the range from 0.05 mm to 0.1 mm.
[0163] In one example, the second supporting roller 613 or the third supporting roller 615 has a smaller diameter than the first supporting roller 611.
[0164] Fig. 10 shows a bending roller with a groove on the cylindrical body according to one embodiment of the present invention. The bending roller 601, 603, 605 or 607 can be in shape of cylinder having a diameter of, for example, 25 mm and a height of 16 mm. In the embodiment as shown in Fig. 10, a groove 602 is provided circumferentially on the cylindrical body of the bending roller 601, 603, 605 or 607. The depth of the groove depends on the dimensions of the conductor wire piece and is, for example, 1 mm. The groove can be designed in any location of the cylindrical body of the bending roller, for example, preferably in the middle of the cylindrical body, or, on the upper part of the cylindrical body to meet the assembly need as shown in Fig. 10. In bending the conductor wire piece 100, the conductor wire piece 100 can be received in the groove 602. It is particularly advantageous when the conductor wire piece 100 is thick wire, for example, with a width of 4.0mm or above and a thickness of 2.0 mm or above. The groove 602 facilitates holding the wire piece and application of bending force. In another embodiment, apart from the bending roller, the supporting roller can be provided also with a groove.
[0165] In one embodiment, as shown in Fig. 11, the offset bent portion forming device 700 comprises an offsetting mechanism 701 having a first offsetting unit 710 and a second offsetting unit 720. The first offsetting unit 710 and the second offsetting unit 720 are disposed on opposing sides of the bridging portion 105 in a width direction Y of the longitudinal conductor wire piece introduced into the forming system 900. The first offsetting unit 710 and the second offsetting unit 720 can move towards each other in the width direction Y, to exert bending force on the bridging portion 105, to obtain the offset bent portion 120 in the bridging portion 105.
[0166] In one embodiment, the first offsetting unit 710 has a first inclined edge 715 facing the bridging portion 105 and the second offsetting unit 720 while the second offsetting unit 720 has a second inclined edge 725 facing the bridging portion 105 and the first offsetting unit 710. The first inclined edge 715 and the second inclined edge 725 can press the bridging portion 105. In a preferred embodiment, as shown in Fig. 11, the first offsetting unit 710 has two first inclined edges 715 that are inclined in the opposite direction. Similarly, the second offsetting unit 720 has two second inclined edges 725 that are inclined in the opposite direction. Two opposite first or second inclined edges can be used to form the offset bent portions that are offsetting in the opposite direction. For example, the one set of first and second inclined edges is used to form a Z-shaped offset bent portion while the other set of first and second inclined edges is used to form a reverse Z-shaped offset bent portion.
[0167] Fig. 12 shows a three-dimensional (3D) formed conductor wire piece forming device 800 according to one embodiment of the present invention for producing a 3D formed conductor wire piece 130 from the intermediate 3D formed conductor wire piece 110. The 3D formed conductor wire piece forming device 800 comprises a bending mechanism 810 that exerts bending force on the bridging portion 105 of the intermediate 3D formed conductor wire piece 110, to obtain a final 3D bridging portion 105’ . The 3D bridging portion 105’ protrudes from the plane of the first leg 101 and the second leg 103. The 3D formed conductor wire piece 130 comprises the first leg 101, the second leg 103 and the 3D bridging portion 105’ .
[0168] As shown in Fig. 12, the bending mechanism 810 comprises a plurality of, preferably five or more, bending units 811, 812, 813, 814, 815. The bending units 811, 812, 813, 814, 815 are separate from each other, so that each of the plurality of bending units 811, 812, 813, 814, 815 exerts the bending force on a different position of the bridging portion 105. In one example, amounts of the bending forces exerted by the plurality of bending units 811, 812, 813, 814, 815 on the bridging portion 105 can be different from each other. For example, the bending force exerted by the bending unit 813 disposed in the middle can be greater than the bending force exerted by the bending unit 811, 812, 814 or 815.
[0169] In an embodiment of the present invention, the bending units 811, 812, 813, 814, 815 can move, independently from each other, in a direction Y substantially perpendicular to the plane of the first leg 101 and the second leg 103. As shown in Fig. 12, for example, the bending units 811, 812, 813, 814, 815 can move, independently from each other, upwards and downwards, to exert bending force on the bridging portion 105.
[0170] The bending mechanism 810 is disposed on a first side, for example, an upper side as shown in Fig. 11, of the bridging portion 105 in the direction Y substantially perpendicular to the plane of the first leg 101 and the second leg 103. In one embodiment, the 3D formed conductor wire piece forming device 800 further comprises a supporting mechanism 820 disposed on a second side, for example, a lower side, of the bridging portion 105 in the direction Y. The bridging portion 105 is sandwiched between the bending mechanism 810 and the supporting mechanism 820. In one embodiment, the supporting mechanism 820 can move along with the bending mechanism 810 in the direction Y, with the bridging portion 105 being always disposed in between.
[0171] In one embodiment, the supporting mechanism 820 comprises a plurality of supporting units 821, 822, 823, 824, 825 corresponding to the plurality of bending units 811, 812, 813, 814, 815. That is, the number of the supporting units is equal to the number of the bending units. Preferably, the supporting mechanism 820 comprises five or more supporting units. In a preferred embodiment, the supporting units 821, 822, 823, 824, 825 are separate from each other. In one embodiment, each of the plurality of supporting units 821, 822, 823, 824, can move along with a corresponding one of the plurality of bending units 811, 812, 813, 814, 815. Preferably, the number of the plurality of bending units 811, 812, 813, 814, 815 or the number of the plurality of supporting units 821, 822, 823, 824, 825 can be adjusted according to size and / or geometry of the formed wire piece 130. With the aid of the supporting units, the bending units can form the bridging portion in a more precise and reliable way.
[0172] In one embodiment of the present invention, one or more of the bending units or of the supporting units can rotate on a plane that is substantially perpendicular to the first leg 101 or the second leg 103 of the 2D formed conductor wire piece 100. As shown in Fig. 12, each of the bending units 814, 815 and supporting units 824, 825 is provided with a hole 818 for receiving a drive shaft (not shown) . The bending units 814, 815 and supporting units 824, 825 can be driven to rotate around the drive shaft to exert bending force on outermost left and right parts of the bridging portion 105 and a part of the first leg 101 and second leg 103. The bending unit 814 and the supporting unit 824 rotate in a opposite direction to the bending unit 815 and supporting unit 825, to obtain the 3D bridging portion 105’ in a shape of arc. The bending unit or supporting unit can rotate an angle in the range, for example, from 0 degree to 60 degree, preferably from 5 degree to 45 degree, more preferably from 10 degree to 30 degree.
[0173] In one embodiment of the present invention, the bending unit 811, 812, 813, 814, 815 or supporting unit 821, 822, 823, 824, 825 is in form of a rod comprising a body portion 850 and an end portion 860 connected to the body portion 850. The body portion 850 can be actuated by the actuating mechanism 840 to move in the direction Y substantially perpendicular to the plane of the first leg 101 and the second leg 103. The end portion 860 contacts the bridging portion 105 of the 2D formed conductor wire piece 100. Preferably, the end portion 860 is rounded-off. It can reduce the risk of causing damage to the insulating surface of the wire piece 130 during the 3D forming. The end portion 860 of the bending unit or supporting unit in the middle, i.e. bending unit 811 or supporting unit 821, is preferably designed to have an offsetting portion corresponding to the offset bent portion 120. In one example, the end portion 860 of two outermost bending units 814, 815 or two outermost supporting units 824, 825 is designed to have an inclined plane, as shown in Fig. 12.
[0174] Fig. 13 shows a functional module figure of the 3D formed conductor wire piece forming device 800 according to one embodiment of the present invention further comprising a detection unit 830, an actuating mechanism 840 and a control unit 845. The detection unit 830 can detect position of each of the plurality of bending units 811, 812, 813, 814, 815 or each of the plurality of supporting units 821, 822, 823, 824, 825 in a direction Y substantially perpendicular to the plane of the first leg 101 and the second leg 103. The actuating mechanism 840 can actuate independently each of the plurality of bending units 811, 812, 813, 814, 815 or each of the plurality of supporting units 821, 822, 823, 824, 825. The control unit 845 can enable, based on the position detected by the detection unit 830, the actuating mechanism 840 to actuate each of the plurality of bending units 811, 812, 813, 814, 815 or each of the plurality of supporting units 821, 822, 823, 824, 825, until each of the plurality of bending units 811, 812, 813, 814, 815 or each of the plurality of supporting units 821, 822, 823, 824, 825 is moved in place.
[0175] Also provided is a process of producing an assembly 200 of formed conductor wire pieces according to the present invention.
[0176] Process step a.
[0177] In process step a. of the process for producing an assembly of formed conductor wire pieces according to the present invention a conductor wire is provided, wherein the conductor wire has a conductor wire surface and wherein the conductor wire surface is to at least 50%, preferably at least 75%and more preferably at least 95%, coated with an electrical insulation. The wire surface that is coated with the electrical insulation is the perimeter surface of the conductor wire that surrounds the conductor wire in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the conductor wire.
[0178] Preferably, the conductor wire can have any cross-sectional shape, such as a cyclic shape, an elliptic shape or a rectangular shape, wherein a rectangular shape of the cross-section of the conductor wire is particularly preferred. In case of such a rectangular shape, the length of the sides A and B of the rectangular cross-sectional area A × B is preferably in a range from 1 to 10 mm, more preferably in a range from 1.5 to 8 mm, and even more preferably in a range from 2 to 6 mm. Furthermore, the length of sides A and B defining the cross-sectional rectangular shape of the conductor wire may differ from each other by at least 0.25 mm, by at least 0.5 mm or by at least 1 mm.
[0179] The electrical insulation that covers at least a part of the conductor wire surface may be based on any material, such as enamel, paper, polymer, fiberglass, mica, and combinations thereof. In one specific example, the electrical insulation may be a polyamide-imide film. Also, the method for coating the conductor wire assembly may be any method as long as it is a method that is normally used as an insulation coating method such as immersion, electrodeposition coating, oxide filming, or plating. Conductor wires coated with such an electrical insulating that are suitable to be used in process step a. are commercially available from Hitachi Cable America, Inc. of White Plains, New York.
[0180] Providing the conductor wire in process step a. is preferably accomplished by means of a continues process in which a conductor wire that is wound on a reel and is continuously unwound from this reel by means of a feeding element and is subsequently straightened in several stages to reduce residual curvature and residual stresses. The process of providing a conductor wire may also include an additional step in which the electrical insulation of the conductor wire is partially stripped (removed) after the straightening process, preferably in regular intervals. Both laser-based and mechanical processes are used here to at least partially remove the electrical insolation.
[0181] Process step b.
[0182] In process step b. of the process for producing an assembly of formed conductor wire pieces according to the present invention the conductor wire provided in process step a. is separated to obtain a longitudinal wire piece, preferably a plurality of longitudinal wire pieces, wherein the longitudinal wire piece or each longitudinal wire piece in the plurality of longitudinal wire pieces comprises a first end and a second end. Preferably, separation is carried out within the stripped area of the conductor wire, preferably essentially centrally within this stripped area, so that the resulting longitudinal wire piece is stripped to a certain length at its first and its second end –this length depending on the length of the area of the conductor wire stripped in process step a.
[0183] The length of the longitudinal wire piece or the length of each longitudinal wire piece in the plurality of longitudinal wire pieces that is produced in process step b. depends on the shape of the formed conductor wire piece, preferably on the shape of the hairpin, that is to be formed in process step c. . The conductor wire can, for example, be separated by means of a simple cutting process using a cam driven punch and die set which creates notches with a well-defined depth across the surface of the conductor wire in the middle of a stripped section thereof to separate the conductor wire at that point. In the alternative, the conductor wire may also be separated by means of a process selected from the group consisting of shear cutting, knife cutting, bite cutting, tearing or a combination of two or more of these approaches.
[0184] Process step b. may additionally comprise a process step in which the ends of the conductor wire piece are sharpened or chamfered for an easier arrangement of the formed conductor wire piece, preferably of the hairpin, in the slots of a stator as described later.
[0185] Process step c.
[0186] In process step c. of the process for producing an assembly of formed conductor wire pieces according to the present invention the longitudinal wire piece is formed to obtain a formed conductor wire piece that comprises a first leg with a first end, a second leg with a second end and a bridging portion that connects the first leg and the second leg, preferably to a hairpin. Preferably, formation is performed in such a way that a formed conductor wire piece is obtained in which the first and the second leg basically show in the same direction and are aligned substantially parallel to each other. According to one embodiment of the process according to the present invention the formed conductor wire piece is characterized by a two-dimensional structure in such a sense that the two legs extend in one plane.
[0187] Forming of the longitudinal conductor wire piece can be accomplished by any method the person skilled in the art would consider to be suitable from forming a conductor wire such as a copper wire. Preferred forming methods comprise Computer Numerically Controlled (CNC) bending, swivel bending, press brake bending, free bending and a combination of at least two of these approaches. CNC-bending allows 2D-and 3D-bending of the conductor wire. The conductor wire is bent directly by a single or multiple bending tools into the desired final contour. When using swivel bending, the conductor wire is positioned on a stop system, in which an upper beam clamps the conductor wire against a lower beam. These bending clamps give the conductor wire the required 2D-geometry. The desired 3D-geometry can be obtained by combining the swivel bending processes with die bending processes or free bending processes. When using press brake bending, the 2D-bent hairpin is positioned on a die. The 3D-shape is subsequently imparted to the hairpin by downward movement of a press brake. When using free bending, one leg of the 2D-bent hairpin is placed between an upper and a lower cheek. A gripper then takes the free hairpin-leg and pulls the hairpin apart in order to obtain the desired 3D-shape.
[0188] It should be noted that in the process according to the present invention process step c. not nec-essarily has to be carried out after process step b. but can also be performed before process step b. In that case, first a formed conductor wire piece is prepared at the free end of the conductor wire provided in process step a. and thereafter the formed conductor wire piece it is separated from the conductor wire to obtain the formed conductor wire piece that in process step d. is then used to prepare an assembly of formed conductor wire pieces.
[0189] The process according to the present invention is now characterized in that the production of the formed conductor wire piece in process step c. is accomplished, for example, by means of the forming system 900 as shown in Fig. 7.
[0190] The process step c. of producing a 3D formed conductor wire piece according to the present invention is characterized in comprising steps of:
[0191] - providing a longitudinal conductor wire piece having a first end and a second end,
[0192] - forming the longitudinal conductor wire piece to the 3D formed conductor wire piece;
[0193] wherein the step of forming the 3D formed conductor wire piece comprises:
[0194] - forming the longitudinal conductor wire piece into a two dimensional (2D) formed conductor wire piece with at least two rollers, wherein the 2D formed conductor wire piece comprises a first leg with the first end, a second leg with the second end and a bridging portion that connects the first leg and the second leg, wherein the first leg is substantially parallel to the second leg, wherein the bridging portion is substantially on the same plane as the first leg and the second leg;
[0195] - forming the 2D formed conductor wire piece with an offset bent portion in the bridging portion with an offsetting mechanism, to obtain an intermediate 3D formed conductor wire piece, wherein the offset bent portion protrudes from the plane of the first leg and the second leg; and
[0196] - forming the intermediate 3D formed conductor wire piece into the 3D formed conductor wire piece, by exerting bending force on the bridging portion with a bending mechanism, to obtain a 3D bridging portion protruding from the plane of the first leg and the second leg, wherein the 3D formed conductor wire piece comprises the first leg, the second leg and the 3D bridging portion.
[0197] In one embodiment of the present invention, the offsetting mechanism comprises a first offsetting unit and a second offsetting unit disposed on opposing sides of the bridging portion in a width direction Y of the longitudinal conductor wire piece which is substantially perpendicular to the plane of the first leg and the second leg. The step of forming offset bent portion comprises:
[0198] - placing the bridging portion between the first offsetting unit and the second offsetting unit; and
[0199] - moving the first offsetting unit and the second offsetting unit towards each other in the width direction Y, to exert bending force on the bridging portion, to obtain the offset bent portion in the bridging portion.
[0200] In one embodiment of the present invention, the first offsetting unit has a first inclined edge facing the bridging portion and the second offsetting unit while the second offsetting unit has a second inclined edge facing the bridging portion and the first offsetting unit. In the step of moving the first offsetting unit and the second offsetting unit towards each other, the bridging portion is pressed against the first inclined edge and the second inclined edge. In one example, the first offsetting unit has two first inclined edges that are inclined in the opposite direction. Similarly, the second offsetting unit has two second inclined edges that are inclined in the opposite direction. Two opposite first or second inclined edges can be used to form the offset bent portions that are offsetting in the opposite direction. For example, the one set of first and second inclined edges is used to form a Z-shaped offset bent portion while the other set of first and second inclined edges is used to form a reverse Z-shaped offset bent portion.
[0201] In one embodiment of the present invention, the step of forming the 2D formed conductor wire piece comprises:
[0202] - forming the longitudinal conductor wire piece into a V-shaped wire piece, by exerting bending force on the longitudinal conductor wire piece with the at least two rollers, wherein the V-shaped wire piece comprises a first arm with the first end and a second arm with the second end, the first arm and the second arm connecting at a point and having a substantially same length; and
[0203] - forming the V-shaped wire piece into the 2D formed conductor wire piece, by exerting further bending force on the first arm and the second arm of the V-shaped wire piece with the at least two rollers to obtain the first leg, the second leg and the bridging portion.
[0204] In one embodiment of the present invention, the at least two rollers comprise at least two bending rollers and at least one supporting roller. The at least two rollers can move in a thickness direction Z of the longitudinal wire piece, while the at least one supporting roller stands still, wherein the step of forming the V-shaped wire piece comprises:
[0205] - placing the longitudinal conductor wire piece between the at least two bending rollers and the at least one supporting roller,
[0206] - wherein the at least two bending rollers are disposed along the longitudinal dimension X of the longitudinal conductor wire piece on a first side of the longitudinal conductor wire piece, while the at least one supporting roller is disposed along the longitudinal dimension X of the longitudinal conductor wire piece on a second side of the longitudinal conductor wire piece,
[0207] - wherein a first supporting roller among the at least one supporting roller is disposed substantially in a center along the longitudinal dimension X of the longitudinal conductor wire piece, while a first bending roller and a second bending roller among the at least two bending rollers are disposed substantially symmetrically relative to the first supporting roller; and
[0208] - moving the at least two bending rollers towards the at least one supporting to exertbending force on the longitudinal conductor wire piece, to obtain the V-shaped wire piece.
[0209] In one embodiment of the present invention, a third bending roller and a fourth bending roller among the at least two bending rollers are disposed substantially symmetrically relative to the first supporting roller. The third bending rollers and the fourth bending roller are disposed more distant from the first supporting roller than the first bending roller and the second bending roller. In the step of moving the at least two bending rollers towards the at least one supporting roller, the third bending rollers and the fourth bending roller move a longer distance than the first bending roller and the second bending roller.
[0210] In one embodiment of the present invention, a second supporting roller and a third supporting roller among the at least one supporting roller are disposed substantially symmetrically relative to the first supporting roller. Distance d1, d2 of the second supporting roller or the third supporting roller from the longitudinal wire piece is larger than distance d0 of the first supporting roller from the longitudinal wire piece. In the step of moving the at least two bending rollers towards the at least one supporting roller, moving stops as the first arm or the second arm of the V-shaped wire piece come into contact with the second supporting roller or the third supporting roller.
[0211] According to a preferred embodiment of the process of the present invention, the distance d1 of the second supporting roller from the longitudinal conductor wire piece is substantially same to the distance d2 of the fourth supporting roller from the longitudinal conductor wire piece.
[0212] According to a preferred embodiment of the process of the present invention, the second supporting roller or the third supporting roller has a smaller diameter than the first supporting roller.
[0213] According to a preferred embodiment of the process of the present invention, the third bending roller and the fourth bending roller are disposed more distant from the first supporting roller along the longitudinal dimension X of the longitudinal conductor wire piece, compared to the second supporting roller and the third supporting roller.
[0214] In this context, as shown in Fig. 9, distance B1 of the third bending roller or the fourth bending roller from the first supporting roller and distance S1 of the second supporting roller or the third supporting roller from the first supporting roller meet the following expression: B1=S1+RB1+RS1+RW+V
[0215] where
[0216] - B1 is the distance of the third bending roller or the fourth bending roller from the first supporting roller;
[0217] - S1 is the distance of the second supporting roller or the third supporting roller from the first supporting roller;
[0218] - RB1 is radius of the third bending roller or the fourth bending roller;
[0219] - RS1 is radius of the second supporting roller or the third supporting roller;
[0220] - RW is a thickness of the longitudinal conductor wire piece; and
[0221] - V is a variant, wherein V varies from 0 to tolerance of RW. In one example, the tolerance of RW can be in the range from 0.05 mm to 0.1 mm.
[0222] In one embodiment of the present invention, the step of forming the 2D formed conductor wire piece comprises:
[0223] - keeping the first bending roller and the second bending roller still; and
[0224] - moving the third bending rollers and the fourth bending roller further to exert bending force on the first arm and the second arm of the V-shaped wire piece, so as to bend the first arm and the second arm around the second supporting roller and the third supporting roller, and to consequently obtain the first leg, the second leg and the bridging portion.
[0225] According to a preferred embodiment of the process of the present invention, positions of the at least two bending rollers and the at least one supporting roller are adjustable along the longitudinal dimension X and / or in the thickness direction Z of the longitudinal conductor wire piece.
[0226] According to a preferred embodiment of the process of the present invention, a second supporting roller and a third supporting roller among the at least one supporting roller are disposed substantially symmetrically relative to the first supporting roller, wherein distance d1, d2 of the second supporting roller or the third supporting roller from the longitudinal conductor wire piece is larger than distance d0 of the first supporting roller from the longitudinal conductor wire piece. In this context, the step of forming the V-shaped wire piece into the formed conductor wire piece comprises:
[0227] - adjusting positions of the first bending roller and the second bending roller along the longitudinal dimension X of the longitudinal conductor wire piece to be more distant from the first supporting roller than the second supporting roller and the third supporting roller; and
[0228] - moving the first bending roller and the second bending roller in the thickness direction Z of the longitudinal conductor wire piece, to exert bending force on the first arm and the second arm of the V-shaped wire piece, so as to bend the first arm and the second arm around the second supporting roller and the third supporting roller, and to consequently obtain the first leg, the second leg and the bridging portion.
[0229] According to a preferred embodiment of the process of the present invention, any one or more of the at least two rollers is provided with a groove for receiving the conductor wire piece when bending force is applied to the conductor wire piece. In the present invention, the bending rollers and supporting rollers are preferably in the shape of cylinder. The groove can be designed in any location of the cylindrical body of the bending roller or supporting roller, for example, preferably in the middle of the cylindrical body, or, on the upper part of the cylindrical body to meet the assembly need as shown in Fig. 10.
[0230] In one embodiment of the present invention, the bending mechanism comprises a plurality of bending units. The bending units are separate from each other, so that each of the plurality of bending units can exert the bending force on a different position of the bridging portion. In one embodiment, amounts of the bending forces exerted by the plurality of bending units on the bridging portion are different from each other. In one embodiment of the present invention, the bending units can move, independently from each other, in a width direction Y of the longitudinal conductor wire piece.
[0231] In one embodiment of the present invention, the bending mechanism is disposed on a first side of the bridging portion in the width direction Y of the longitudinal conductor wire piece. A supporting mechanism is disposed on a second side of the bridging portion in the width direction Y of the longitudinal wire piece. The bending mechanism and the supporting mechanism can sandwich the bridging portion in between.
[0232] In one embodiment of the present invention, the supporting mechanism comprises a plurality of supporting units corresponding to the plurality of bending units. The supporting units are separate from each other. In one example, each of the plurality of supporting units can move along with a corresponding one of the plurality of bending units.
[0233] In one embodiment of the present invention, any one or more of the plurality of bending units or any one or more of the plurality of supporting units is adapted and arranged to rotate on a plane that is substantially perpendicular to the first leg or the second leg.
[0234] In one embodiment of the present invention, the number of the plurality of bending units or the number of the plurality of supporting units is adjustable according to size and / or geometry of the formed wire piece. The number of the supporting units is equal to the number of the bending units and is five or more.
[0235] In one embodiment of the present invention, each of the plurality of bending units or each the plurality of supporting units is in form of rod, comprising:
[0236] - a body portion adapted and arranged to be actuated by the actuating mechanism to move in the direction Y substantially perpendicular to the plane of the first leg and the second leg; and
[0237] - an end portion connected to the body portion and adapted and arranged to contact the bridging portion.
[0238] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the end portion of two outermost bending units or two outermost supporting units is designed to have an inclined plane.
[0239] Process step d.
[0240] In process step d. of the process for producing an assembly of a plurality of formed conductor wire pieces according to the present invention, wherein each formed conductor wire piece is preferably obtained by a process comprising process steps a., b. and c. as described above, the formed conductor wire pieces obtained in process step c. are arranged relative to each other in such a way that the first leg of each of these formed conductor wire pieces and the second leg of each of these formed conductor wire pieces are orientated in basically the same direction. In this context it is also preferred that the first ends and the second ends of each of these formed conductor wire pieces are basically located in the same plane. The total amount of formed conductor wire pieces that are arranged in process step d. depends on the desired size of the assembly and can be in the range from, for example, 25 to 3,000, in the range from 50 to 2,000 or in the range from 100 to 1,000.
[0241] Preferably, the formed conductor wire pieces are arranged in one or more circles, wherein in case of more than one circle these circles may be formed in a concentric arrangement. In this context it is particularly preferred that the plurality of formed conductor wire pieces is to be arranged within a cylindrical stator core, preferably within a cylindrical stator core, the stator core comprising an outer perimeter surface, an inner perimeter surface and a plurality of slots formed between the inner perimeter surface and the outer perimeter surface, the inner perimeter surface defining an inner space, preferably an inner cylindrical space, that extends in an axial direction within the stator core, wherein the formed conductor wire pieces are placed in the slots of the stator core. The longitudinal axis of the legs of the formed conductor wire pieces, preferably the longitudinal axis of the legs of the hairpins, runs parallel to the axial direction in which the inner space of the stator core extends. Depending on the width of the slots, each slot can accommodate a certain number n of legs of the formed conductor wire pieces, preferably of formed conductor wire pieces having the shape of a hairpin, n preferably being an even number in the range from 2 to 12, more preferably in the range from 4 to 10. The slot-positions of the legs of the formed conductor wire piece within a given slot can be numbered from 1 (the slot-position furthest away to the inner space of the stator) to x (the slot-position closet to the inner space of the stator) . An example of a cylindrical stator core in which the formed conductor wire pieces obtained in process step c. can be placed is shown in Fig. 3.
[0242] Preferably, in such a stator core the formed conductor wire pieces, preferably the formed conductor wire pieces having the shape of a hairpin, form a number n / 2 of rings, each ring running in a circumferential direction with the first ring r1 being the ring closest to the inner cylindrical space and the last ring rx being furthest away from the inner cylindrical space, wherein the formed conductor wire pieces are arranged in these rings in such a way that the first leg of a given formed conductor wire piece is placed in one of the plurality of slots at slot-position y (wherein y may, for example, be position 1, position 3, position 5 etc. ) , and the second leg of the same formed conductor wire piece may be positioned in the another slot at a slot-position y + 1 (e.g., if the first leg is placed in position 1 of a first slot, the second leg is placed in position 2 of another slot) . The circumferential distance of the two slots in the stator core depends, for example, on the distance between the first and the second end of a given formed conductor wire piece. When placing the formed conductor wire pieces, preferably the formed conductor wire pieces having the shape of a hairpin, into the slots in such a way, a plurality of concentrically arranged rings of formed conductor wire pieces is obtained, the number of rings being n / 2. According to a particular embodiment of the process according to the present invention n is 4, 6, 8 or 10 and thus 2, 3, 4 or 5 rings for hairpins are present in the assembly. At the end of process step e. (which will be described below) each of these rings forms an electrically conductive stator winding, these windings being arranged concentrically.
[0243] The stator core, preferably the cylindrical stator core, can be designed in one piece or in multiple pieces, in particular in multiple segments. A one-piece stator core is characterized in that the entire stator core is formed in one piece, viewed circumferentially. The stator core is preferably formed from a large number of electrical laminations that are electrically insulated from one another and are constructed in layers and packaged to form laminated cores. This structure keeps the eddy currents in the stator caused by the stator field low. The sheets are generally made of electrical steel and are stacked and packaged one on top of the other to form a stack. The individual laminations can then remain held together in the laminated core by gluing, welding or screwing. A segmented stator core is characterized in that it is made up of individual stator segment parts. The stator core can be made up of individual stator tooth, with each individual stator tooth being formed from the electrical laminations. Stator teeth are components of the stator core which are designed as circumferentially spaced, tooth-like radially inwardly directed parts of the stator body, wherein the free space between two adjacent tooth forms the slots mentioned above.
[0244] In addition to these slots, the cylindrical stator core may also comprise separate cooling ducts, which can be integrated into the laminated core of the stator as disclosed in EP 3 157 138 A1 as well as in the slot in addition to the electrically conductive stator winding as disclosed in Markus Schiefer: ,,Indirect winding cooling of highly utilized permanently excited synchronous machines with tooth coil winding” , dissertation, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) , 2017) .
[0245] Before introducing the formed conductor wire pieces into the slots of the cylindrical stator core, these slots are preferably insulated. For that purpose, insulation paper is usually fed through a paper roll and is then continuously folded and cut into the respective shape. After the paper has been cut and folded, the insulation paper is inserted into the slots of the stator slot by slot. In a subsequent process step the insulation paper can be expanded using a forming die that moves to both sides of the stator and expands the slot insulation by applying heat.
[0246] With respect to the introduction of the formed conductor wire pieces, preferably of the formed conductor wire pieces having the shape of a hairpin, into such a cylindrical stator core, different approaches can be used. It is, for example, possible to introduce the formed conductor wire pieces one after another into the slots of the stator. However, according to a preferred embodiment of the process for producing an assembly according to the present invention, the plurality of formed conductor wire pieces, preferably the plurality of formed conductor wire pieces having the shape of a hairpin are first assembled in such a way that the arrangement of the first and the second endings of all formed conductor wire pieces in that assembly corresponds to the arrangement of the slots of the cylindrical stator core, thereby forming a basket that comprises one or more rings (or crowns) of formed conductor wire pieces, preferably one or more rings of hairpins, wherein this basket (or each separate ring) is then introduced into the slots of the cylindrical stator core. A process for producing such a “pre-fitting nest” of hairpins is, for example, disclosed in US 11, 652, 392 B2. An example of such a basket that comprises two concentrically arranged rings of formed conductor wire pieces having the shape of a hairpin is shown in Fig. 2.
[0247] It has to be noted that not all formed conductor wire pieces having the shape of a hairpin that are assembled in the cylindrical stator core must have exactly the same shape. Usually, two, three or more different types of hairpins can be assembled in the stator as it is disclosed, for example, in US 2014 / 319953 A1.
[0248] The assembly of the formed conductor wire pieces in the form of the above-described basket, preferably the assembly of the formed conductor wire pieces having the shape of a hairpin, may take place in a workpiece carrier or in a transfer device. Preferred assembly strategies comprise techniques such as turning or radial feed. All formed conductor wire pieces assembled in such a basket may then be aligned of a single level to the required electrical circuit. Subsequently, all formed conductor wire pieces of each level may be assembled into the cylindrical stator core with the help of an entering mask and a counter stay for hairpin guiding and an assembly gripper for hairpin inserting. After the formed conductor wire pieces or the assembly of formed conductor wire pieces have been introduced into the slots of the stator core from one side of the stator core, the ends of the formed conductor wire pieces protrude from the opposite side of the stator.
[0249] Process step e.
[0250] In process step e. of the process for producing an assembly of a plurality of formed conductor wire pieces according to the present invention an electrical contact is provided between the first end or the second end of a given formed conductor wire piece and the first end or the second end of another formed conductor wire piece. Preferably, these contacts are formed for all formed conductor wire pieces that are located within in a given ring of formed conductor wire pieces, thereby forming one or more electrically conductive windings.
[0251] After the formed conductor wire pieces have been assembled, preferably after these formed conductor wire pieces have been assembled within a cylindrical stator core in the manner described above, conductive windings are formed by electrically connecting the ends of the formed conductor wire pieces according to the desired winding scheme. For that purpose, an electrical contact is provided between the first or the second end of a given formed with the first or the second end of another formed conductor wire piece.
[0252] Before forming these contacts, the process may comprise the process step of radially separating the ends of the formed conductor wire pieces (= necking process) of to allow a better axial access to the twisting tool in the subsequent twisting step. In this necking process the ends of the formed conductor wire pieces may be radially shaped by a forming tool to create sufficient distance between them.
[0253] After this separation, the first and the second end of each formed conductor wire piece of the assembly, preferably the first end the second end of each formed conductor wire piece having the shape of a hairpin, are twisted according to the requirement of the desired winding scheme, so that the first or the second end of one formed conductor wire piece comes into close contact with the first or the second end of another formed conductor wire piece (= twisting process) . To achieve such a contact, the first leg of a given formed conductor wire piece is bonded into the direction in which the first or the second leg of the formed conductor wire piece with which the given formed conductor wire piece is to be connected and vice versa. When bending the ends of the formed conductor wire pieces in such a way, preferably an s-shaped structure of the ends is obtained. In this context it is particularly preferred that, after the formed conductor wire pieces are arranged in the cylindrical stator core, the formed conductor wire pieces are bent in such a way that two connecting ends of different hairpins represent adjacent connecting ends (see Fig. 5) . For the purposes of the invention, adjacent connection ends are understood to be two connection ends that are nearest neighbors to each other and may even be adjacent to each other, i.e. may be in mechanical contact with each other as disclosed, for example, in DE 10 2017 201 533 A1 or in DE 2019 219 683 A1.
[0254] After the formed conductor wire pieces have been bent as described above, the respective adjacent connection ends are electrically conductively connected to each other, e.g. by soldering, by welding or, which is also conceivable, by mechanical plug-in connections. It is particularly preferred to melt the surfaces of the copper ends by absorption of laser power and to then bind them together in the subsequent cooling process (Laser-welding) . If the adjacent connection ends have been connected to each other in an electrically conductive manner, they may subsequently be provided with an anti-corrosive insulation according to the invention, whereby the anti-corrosive insulation exclusively covers the connection ends.
[0255] To realize phase jumps and the winding connection, the process for producing an assembly of a plurality of formed conductor wire piece preferably comprises, as a further process step, the connection of switching elements or assemblies to the windings. This process is usually also carried out by a Laser-welding process. Examples of interconnection elements are contact rings, jumpers and terminals. A process for providing such connections is, for example, disclosed in DE 10 2018 009 206 A1.
[0256] A contribution to solving at least one of the objects according to the invention is also made by an assembly, preferably by a stator for electric machines in a hairpin construction, that is obtainable by that process.
[0257] A contribution to solving at least one of the objects according to the invention is also made by electric machines comprising a stator in a hairpin construction obtainable by the process for producing a stator for electric machines in a hairpin construction and a rotor that is located in the inner cylindrical space of the stator.
[0258] The electric machine according to the invention can also include a motor housing. The motor housing encloses the electrical machine. In particular, the stator is accommodated in the motor housing and fixed in a rotationally fixed manner relative to it. A motor housing can also accommodate the control and power electronics. The motor housing can also be part of a cooling system for the electrical machine and designed in such a way that cooling fluid is supplied via the motor housing to the electrical machine, in particular to the stator and cooling ducts present in the stator, and / or the heat is dissipated to the outside via the housing surfaces. In addition, the motor housing protects the electrical machine and any electronics that may be present from external influences. A motor housing can be formed in particular from a metallic material. Advantageously, the motor housing can be formed from a cast metal material, such as gray cast iron or cast steel. In principle, it is also conceivable to form the motor housing entirely or partially from a plastic.
[0259] A contribution to solving at least one of the objects according to the invention is also made by a device comprising moving parts driven by such an electric machine. The electric machine is intended in particular for use within a drive train of a hybrid or all-electric motor vehicle. In particular, the electric machine may be dimensioned in such a way that vehicle speeds of more than 50 km / h, preferably more than 80 km / h and in particular more than 100 km / h can be achieved. The electric machine particularly preferably has a power of more than 30 kW, preferably more than 50 kW and in particular more than 70 kW. Furthermore, it is preferred that the electric machine provides speeds greater than 5,000 rpm, particularly preferably greater than 10,000 rpm, very particularly preferably greater than 12,500 rpm.
[0260] The electrical machine can be installed in an electrically operable final drive train. An electric final drive train of a motor vehicle includes an electric machine and a transmission, the electric machine and the transmission forming a structural unit. Provision can in particular be made for the electric machine and the transmission to be arranged in a common drive train housing. Alternatively, it would of course also be possible for the electric machine to have a motor housing and the gearbox to have a gearbox housing, in which case the structural unit can then be effected by fixing the gearbox in relation to the electric machine. This structural unit is sometimes also referred to as the E-axis.
[0261] For the purposes of this application, motor vehicles are land vehicles that are moved by machine power without being tied to railroad tracks. A motor vehicle can be selected, for example, from the group of passenger cars (cars) , trucks (lorries) , mopeds, light motor vehicles, motorcycles, buses (COM) or tractors.
[0262] …
[0263] REFERENCE LIST
[0264] 100 2D formed conductor wire piece, preferably formed conductor wire piece with the shape of a hairpin
[0265] 101 first leg of the formed conductor wire piece
[0266] 102 first end of the formed conductor wire piece
[0267] 103 second leg of the formed conductor wire piece
[0268] 104 second end of the formed conductor wire piece
[0269] 105 bridging portion of formed conductor wire piece by means of which legs 101 and 103 are connected
[0270] 100’ V-shaped wire piece
[0271] 101’ first arm of the V-shaped wire piece 100’
[0272] 103’ second arm of the V-shaped wire piece 100’
[0273] 105-0 point where the first arm 101’ and the second arm 103’ connect
[0274] 110 intermediate 3D formed conductor wire piece
[0275] 120 offset bent portion
[0276] 130 3D formed conductor wire piece
[0277] 200 assembly of formed conductor wire pieces 130
[0278] 201 plane in which the ends 102, 104 of the first and second leg 101, 103 of each formed conductor wire piece 100 are located
[0279] 202 first circle of assembled formed conductor wire pieces
[0280] 203 second circle of assembled formed conductor wire pieces
[0281] 300 cylindrical stator core
[0282] 301 outer perimeter surface
[0283] 302 inner perimeter surface
[0284] 303 slot
[0285] 304 electrical lamination layer
[0286] 305 tooth
[0287] 400 stator in hairpin construction
[0288] 401 connections
[0289] 600 forming device
[0290] 601 first bending rollers
[0291] 602 groove of a bending roller
[0292] 603 second bending rollers
[0293] 605 third bending rollers
[0294] 607 fourth bending rollers
[0295] 611 first supporting roller
[0296] 613 second supporting roller
[0297] 615 third supporting roller
[0298] 700 offset bent portion forming device
[0299] 701 offsetting mechanism
[0300] 710 first offsetting unit
[0301] 720 second offsetting unit
[0302] 715 first inclined edge
[0303] 725 second inclined edge
[0304] 800 3D formed conductor wire piece forming device,
[0305] 810 bending mechanism
[0306] 811, 812, 813, 814, 815 bending units
[0307] 818 hole for receiving the rotation shaft
[0308] 820 supporting mechanism
[0309] 821, 822, 823, 824, 825 supporting units
[0310] 830 detection unit
[0311] 840 actuating mechanism
[0312] 845 control unit
[0313] 850 body portion 850 of a bending unit or a supporting unit in form of a rod
[0314] 860 end portion 860 of a bending unit or a supporting unit in form of a rod
Claims
1.A process for producing a three dimensional (3D) formed conductor wire piece (130) , the process comprising steps of:a) providing a longitudinal conductor wire piece having a first end (102) and a second end (104) ,b) forming the longitudinal conductor wire piece to the 3D formed conductor wire piece (130) ;wherein the step b) of forming comprises:b1) forming the longitudinal conductor wire piece into a two dimensional (2D) formed conductor wire piece (100) with at least two rollers (601, 603, 605, 607, 611, 613, 615) , wherein the 2D formed conductor wire piece (100) comprises a first leg (101) with the first end (102) , a second leg (103) with the second end (104) and a bridging portion (105) that connects the first leg (101) and the second leg (103) , wherein the first leg (101) is substantially parallel to the second leg (103) , wherein the bridging portion (105) is substantially on the same plane as the first leg (101) and the second leg (103) ;b2) forming the 2D formed conductor wire piece (100) with an offset bent portion (120) in the bridging portion (105) with an offsetting mechanism (701) , to obtain an intermediate 3D formed conductor wire piece (110) , wherein the offset bent portion (120) protrudes from the plane of the first leg (101) and the second leg (103) ; andb3) forming the intermediate 3D formed conductor wire piece (110) into the 3D formed conductor wire piece (130) , by exerting bending force on the bridging portion (105) with a bending mechanism (810) , to obtain a 3D bridging portion (105’) protruding from the plane of the first leg (101) and the second leg (103) , wherein the 3D formed conductor wire piece (130) comprises the first leg (101) , the second leg (103) and the 3D bridging portion (105’) .2.The process according to claim 1, wherein the offsetting mechanism (701) comprises a first offsetting unit (710) and a second offsetting unit (720) disposed on opposing sides of the bridging portion (105) in a width direction (Y) of the longitudinal conductor wire piece, wherein the step b2) comprises:b21) placing the bridging portion (105) between the first offsetting unit (710) and the second offsetting unit (720) ; andb22) moving the first offsetting unit (710) and the second offsetting unit (720) towards each other in the width direction (Y) , to exert bending force on the bridging portion (105) , to obtain the offset bent portion (120) in the bridging portion (105) .3.The process according to claim 2, wherein the first offsetting unit (710) has a first inclined edge (715) facing the bridging portion (105) and the second offsetting unit (720) while the second offsetting unit (720) has a second inclined edge (725) facing the bridging portion (105) and the first offsetting unit (710) , wherein in the step b22) , the bridging portion (105) is pressed against the first inclined edge (715) and the second inclined edge (725) .4.The process according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the step b1) comprises:b11) forming the longitudinal conductor wire piece into a V-shaped wire piece (100’) , by exerting bending force on the longitudinal conductor wire piece with the at least two rollers (601, 603, 605, 607, 611, 613, 615) , wherein the V-shaped wire piece (100’) comprises a first arm (101’) with the first end (102) and a second arm (103’) with the second end (104) , the first arm (101’) and the second arm (103’) connecting at a point (105-0) and having a substantially same length; andb12) forming the V-shaped wire piece (100’) into the 2D formed conductor wire piece (100) , by exerting further bending force on the first arm (101’) and the second arm (103’) of the V-shaped wire piece (100’) with the at least two rollers (601, 603, 605, 607, 611, 613, 615) to obtain the first leg (101) , the second leg (103) and the bridging portion (105) .5.The process according to claim 4, wherein the at least two rollers (601, 603, 605, 607, 611, 613, 615) comprise at least two bending rollers (601, 603, 605, 607) and at least one supporting roller (611, 613, 615) , wherein the at least two rollers (601, 603, 605, 607, 611, 613, 615) are adapted and arranged to move in a thickness direction (Z) of the longitudinal wire piece, while the at least one supporting roller (611, 613, 615) is adapted and arranged to stand still, wherein the step b11) comprises:b111) placing the longitudinal conductor wire piece between the at least two bending rollers (601, 603, 605, 607) and the at least one supporting roller (611, 613, 615) ,- wherein the at least two bending rollers (601, 603, 605, 607) are disposed along the longitudinal dimension (X) of the longitudinal conductor wire piece on a first side of the longitudinal conductor wire piece, while the at least one supporting roller (611, 613, 615) is disposed along the longitudinal dimension (X) of the longitudinal conductor wire piece on a second side of the longitudinal conductor wire piece,- wherein a first supporting roller (611) among the at least one supporting roller (611, 613, 615) is disposed substantially in a center along the longitudinal dimension (X) of the longitudinal conductor wire piece, while a first bending roller (601) and a second bending roller (603) among the at least two bending rollers (601, 603, 605, 607) are disposed substantially symmetrically relative to the first supporting roller (611) ; andb112) moving the at least two bending rollers (601, 603, 605, 607) towards the at least one supporting roller (611, 613, 615) to exert bending force on the longitudinal conductor wire piece, to obtain the V-shaped wire piece (100’) ,- wherein a third bending roller (605) and a fourth bending roller (607) among the at least two bending rollers (601, 603, 605, 607) are disposed substantially symmetrically relative to the first supporting roller (611) ;- the third bending rollers (605) and the fourth bending roller (607) are disposed more distant from the first supporting roller (611) than the first bending roller (601) and the second bending roller (603) ; and- in the step b112) of moving the at least two bending rollers (601, 603, 605, 607) towards the at least one supporting roller (611, 613, 615) , the third bending rollers (605) and the fourth bending roller (607) are adapted and arranged to move a longer distance than the first bending roller (601) and the second bending roller (603) ,- whereina second supporting roller (613) and a third supporting roller (615) among the at least one supporting roller (611, 613, 615) are disposed substantially symmetrically relative to the first supporting roller (611) ;- distance (d1, d2) of the second supporting roller (613) or the third supporting roller (615) from the longitudinal wire piece is larger than distance (d0) of the first supporting roller (611) from the longitudinal wire piece; and- in the step b112) of moving the at least two bending rollers (601, 603, 605, 607) towards the at least one supporting roller (611, 613, 615) , moving stops as the first arm (101’) or the second arm (103’) of the V-shaped wire piece (100’) come into contact with the second supporting roller (613) or the third supporting roller (615) ,wherein the step b12) comprises:b121) keeping the first bending roller (601) and the second bending roller (603) still; andb122) moving the third bending rollers (605) and the fourth bending roller (607) further to exert bending force on the first arm (101’) and the second arm (103’) of the V-shaped wire piece (100’) , so as to bend the first arm (101’) and the second arm (103’) around the second supporting roller (613) and the third supporting roller (615) , and to consequently obtain the first leg (101) , the second leg (103) and the bridging portion (105) .6.The process according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the bending mechanism (810) comprises a plurality of bending units (811, 812, 813, 814, 815) , wherein the bending units (811, 812, 813, 814, 815) are separate from each other, so that each of the plurality of bending units (811, 812, 813, 814, 815) is adapted and arranged to exert the bending force on a different position of the bridging portion (105) .7.The process according to claim 6, wherein the bending units (811, 812, 813, 814, 815) are adapted and arranged to move, independently from each other, in a width direction (Y) of the longitudinal conductor wire piece.8.The process according to claim 6 or claim 7, wherein the bending mechanism (810) is disposed on a first side of the bridging portion (105) in the width direction (Y) of the longitudinal conductor wire piece; while a supporting mechanism (820) is disposed on a second side of the bridging portion (105) in the width direction (Y) of the longitudinal wire piece, wherein the bending mechanism (810) and the supporting mechanism (820) are adapted and arranged to sandwich the bridging portion (105) in between, wherein- the supporting mechanism (820) comprises a plurality of supporting units (821, 822, 823, 824, 825) corresponding to the plurality of bending units (811, 812, 813, 814, 815) ; and- the supporting units (821, 822, 823, 824, 825) are separate from each other.9.A forming system (900) for producing a three-dimensional (3D) formed conductor wire piece (130) from a longitudinal conductor wire piece having a first end (102) and a second end (104) , wherein the forming system (900) comprises:- a two-dimensional (2D) formed conductor wire piece forming device (600) , adapted and arranged to form the longitudinal conductor wire piece introduced into the forming system (900) into a 2D formed conductor wire piece (100) , wherein the 2D formed conductor wire piece (100) comprises a first leg (101) with the first end (102) , a second leg (103) with the second end (104) and a bridging portion (105) that connects the first leg (101) and the second leg (103) , wherein the first leg (101) is substantially parallel to the second leg (103) , wherein the bridging portion (105) are substantially on the same plane as the first leg (101) and the second leg (103) ;- an offset bent portion forming device (700) , adapted and arranged to form the 2D formed conductor wire piece (100) obtained by the 2D formed conductor wire piece forming device (600) , with an offset bent portion (120) in the bridging portion (105) , to obtain an immediate 3D formed conductor wire piece (110) , wherein the offset bent portion (120) protrudes from the plane of the first leg (101) and the second leg (103) ; and- a 3D formed conductor wire piece forming device (800) , adapted and arranged to form the immediate 3D formed conductor wire piece (110) obtained by the offset bent portion forming device (700) , into the 3D formed conductor wire piece (130) , wherein the bridging portion (105) is bent into a 3D bridging portion (105’) protruding from the plane of the first leg (101) and the second leg (103) , wherein the 3D formed conductor wire piece (130) comprises the first leg (101) , the second leg (103) and the 3D bridging portion (105’) .10.The forming system (900) according to claim 9, wherein the offset bent portion forming device (700) comprises an offsetting mechanism (701) having a first offsetting unit (710) and a second offsetting unit (720) , wherein- the first offsetting unit (710) and the second offsetting unit (720) are disposed on opposing sides of the bridging portion (105) in a width direction (Y) of the longitudinal conductor wire piece introduced into the forming system (900) ;- the first offsetting unit (710) and the second offsetting unit (720) are adapted and arranged to move towards each other in the width direction (Y) , to exert bending force on the bridging portion (105) , to obtain the offset bent portion (120) in the bridging portion (105) .11.The forming system (900) according to claim 10, wherein the first offsetting unit (710) has a first inclined edge (715) facing the bridging portion (105) and the second offsetting unit (720) while the second offsetting unit (720) has a second inclined edge (725) facing the bridging portion (105) and the first offsetting unit (710) , wherein the first inclined edge (715) and the second inclined edge (725) are adapted and arranged to press the bridging portion (105) .12.The forming system (900) according to any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein the 2D formed conductor wire piece forming device (600) comprises a first bending roller (601) and second bending roller (603) disposed along a longitudinal dimension (X) of the longitudinal conductor wire piece on a first side of the longitudinal conductor wire piece, wherein- the first bending roller (601) and second bending roller (603) are adapted and arranged to exert bending force on the longitudinal conductor wire piece, to form the longitudinal conductor wire piece introduced into the forming system (900) into a V-shaped wire piece (100’) ; and- the first bending roller (601) and second bending roller (603) are adapted and arranged to exert further bending force on the first arm (101’) and the second arm (103’) of the V-shaped wire piece (100’) , to obtain the first leg (101) , the second leg (103) and the bridging portion (105) . :13.The forming system (900) according to claim 12, wherein the 2D formed conductor wire piece forming device (600) further comprises a first supporting roller (611) disposed on a second side of the longitudinal conductor wire piece introduced into the forming system (900) , wherein- the first supporting roller (611) is disposed substantially in a center along the longitudinal dimension (X) of the longitudinal conductor wire piece introduced into the forming system (900) ;- the first bending roller (601) and the second bending roller (603) are disposed substantially symmetrically relative to the first supporting roller (611) ; and- the first bending roller (601) and the second bending roller (603) moves in a thickness direction (Z) of the longitudinal conductor wire piece introduced into the forming system (900) to bend the longitudinal conductor wire piece introduced into the forming system (900) around the first supporting roller (611) , to obtain the V-shaped wire piece (100’) ,wherein the 2D formed conductor wire piece forming device (600) further comprises a third bending roller (605) and a fourth bending roller (607) adapted and arranged to exert bending force on the longitudinal conductor wire piece introduced into the forming system (900) , wherein- the third bending rollers (605) and the fourth bending roller (607) are disposed substantially symmetrically relative to the first supporting roller (611) on the first side of the longitudinal conductor wire piece introduced into the forming system (900) ;- the third bending rollers (605) and the fourth bending roller (607) are disposed more distant from the first supporting roller (611) than the first bending roller (601) and the second bending roller (603) ; and- the third bending rollers (605) and the fourth bending roller (607) are adapted and arranged to move, in the thickness direction (Z) of the longitudinal conductor wire piece introduced into the forming system (900) , a longer distance than the first bending roller (601) and the second bending roller (603) , to exert the bending force,wherein the 2D formed conductor wire piece forming device (600) further comprises a second supporting roller (613) and a third supporting roller (615) disposed substantially symmetrically relative to the first supporting roller (611) on the second side of the longitudinal conductor wire piece introduced into the forming system (900) , wherein- distance (d1, d2) of the second supporting roller (613) or the third supporting roller (615) from the longitudinal conductor wire piece introduced into the forming system (900) is larger than distance (d0) of the first supporting roller (611) from the longitudinal conductor wire piece introduced into the forming system (900) ,wherein as the first arm (101’) or the second arm (103’) of the V-shaped wire piece (100’) comes into contact with the second supporting roller (613) or the third supporting roller (615) ,- the first bending roller (601) and the second bending roller (603) are adapted and arranged to stop moving; and- the third bending rollers (605) and the fourth bending roller (607) are adapted and arranged to move further in the thickness direction (Z) , to exert bending force on the first arm (101’) and the second arm (103’) of the V-shaped wire piece (100’) , so as to bend the first arm (101’) and the second arm (103’) around the second supporting roller (613) and the third supporting roller (615) , and to consequently obtain the first leg (101) , the second leg (103) and the bridging portion (105) .14.The forming system (900) according to any one of claims 9 to 13, wherein the 3D formed conductor wire piece forming device (800) comprise a bending mechanism (810) having a plurality of bending units (811, 812, 813, 814, 815) , wherein the bending units (811, 812, 813, 814, 815) are separate from each other, so that each of the plurality of bending units (811, 812, 813, 814, 815) is adapted and arranged to exert the bending force on a different position of the bridging portion (105) .15.The forming system (900) according to claim 14, wherein the bending units (811, 812, 813, 814, 815) are adapted and arranged to move, independently from each other, in the width direction (Y) of the longitudinal conductor wire piece introduced into the forming system (900) .16.The forming system (900) according to claim 14 or claim 15, wherein the bending mechanism (810) is disposed on a first side of the bridging portion (105) in the width direction (Y) of the longitudinal conductor wire piece introduced into the forming system (900) , wherein the 3D formed conductor wire piece forming device (800) further comprises:- a supporting mechanism (820) is disposed on a second side of the bridging portion (105) in the width direction (Y) of the longitudinal conductor wire piece introduced into the forming system (900) ;- wherein the bending mechanism (810) and the supporting mechanism (820) are adapted and arranged to sandwich the bridging portion (105) in between,wherein- the supporting mechanism (820) comprises a plurality of supporting units (821, 822, 823, 824, 825) corresponding to the plurality of bending units (811, 812, 813, 814, 815) ; and- the supporting units (821, 822, 823, 824, 825) are separate from each other.17.Use of the forming system (900) according to any of claims 9 to 16 in the process for the production of a 3D formed conductor wire piece (130) according to any of claims 1 to 8.18.A process for producing an assembly (200) of 3D formed conductor wire pieces (130) , the process comprising the process steps:providing a plurality of 3D formed conductor wire pieces (130) , each of the 3D formed conductor wire piece (130) being produced by the process according to any of claim 1 to 8;arranging the 3D formed conductor wire pieces (130) of the plurality of 3D formed conductor wire pieces (130) relative to each other to obtain an assembly (200) of 3D formed conductor wire pieces (130) , wherein this arrangement is accomplished in such a way that the legs (101, 103) of the 3D formed conductor wire pieces (130) of the plurality of 3D formed conductor wire pieces (130) are orientated in basically the same direction; andproviding an electrical contact between the first end (102) or the second end (104) of a given 3D formed conductor wire piece (130) and the first end (102) or the second end (104) of another 3D formed conductor wire piece (130) .
Citation Information
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