The invention discloses a screw down cylinder deviation control method of a hot continuous rolling mill. The method comprises the steps of (1) judging whether the state of a rack of the hot continuous rolling mill, implementing the step (2a) if the rack is in the 'with steel' state, and implementing the step (2b) if the rack is in the 'without steel' state; (2a) performing dynamic deviation control, specifically, working out the variance of position deviation of a screw down cylinder, judging whether the variance is larger than the variance threshold value or not and whether theta is larger than alpha or not, if yes, locking the screw down cylinder, and if not, implementing rolling normally; and (2b) performing static deviation control, specifically, working out the position deviation s1 of the screw down cylinder on the working side, the position deviation s2 of the screw down cylinder on the transmission side, and the position deviation S of the portions, on the two sides of the rack, of the screw down cylinder, if S is larger than or equal to beta1, forbidding the rack from feeding steel, if S is smaller than beta1, allowing the rack to feed steel and implementing the next step, if at least one of s1 and s2 is larger than or equal to beta2, locking the screw down cylinder, and if s1 and s2 are both smaller than beta2, implementing rolling normally.