A synthetic liquid fuel
A synthetic liquid fuel combining C6-C12 and C13-C16 alkanes with bio-heavy and petrochemical oils enhances combustion performance and safety, overcoming the limitations of conventional biodiesel and petroleum-based fuels by optimizing flash point and reducing fuel consumption.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2025/081196
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2024-04-07
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-07
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-16
AI Technical Summary
Conventional diesel fuels derived from petroleum-based materials face challenges due to declining crude oil reserves and the need for renewable alternatives, with biodiesel raw materials having complex compositions that reduce combustion heat value and increase fuel consumption.
A synthetic liquid fuel composed of C6-C12 alkanes, C13-C16 alkanes, bio-heavy oil, and petrochemical oil components, including blends of petrochemical diesel or heavy oil, optimized to enhance flash point, combustion performance, and safety, using a balanced mix of aromatic hydrocarbons to improve calorific value and reduce viscosity.
The synthetic liquid fuel achieves low fuel consumption, high combustion efficiency, and safety standards, suitable for various diesel engines and heavy oil combustion systems, addressing the limitations of traditional biodiesel and petroleum-based fuels.
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Figure PCTCN2025081196-FTAPPB-I100003
Abstract
Description
A synthetic liquid fuelTechnical Field
[0001] The present disclosure relates to a liquid fuel, which has good driving performance, combustion performance and safety, and belongs to the field of technology. The liquid fuel can be applied to diesel engine systems, diesel heavy oil engine systems, and diesel / heavy oil combustion systems. It can also be applied to heavy diesel engine systems, medium and large heavy diesel engine systems for ships, and fuel heavy oil boiler combustion systems for medium and large heavy diesel generator engines.Background
[0002] The industrial combustion systems is mainly based on heavy oil, which has the characteristics of low price and good safety. However, conventional diesel / heavy oil fuels is still extracted from petroleum-based raw materials. Under the condition of declining global crude oil reserves and refining capacity, it is an an urgent need for modern industry to try to fill the increasing supply gap with some renewable raw materials (such as waste plant oil or animal oil) .
[0003] Biodiesel is produced by converting animal and vegetable oil or waste edible oil, which is used directly or mixed with diesel oil as fuel. Biodiesel is the best alternative fuel to diesel due to its combination of clean environment, clean energy and decentralized energy supply. However, the existing biodiesel raw materials produced from waste oil are complex in composition and generally contain a large number of easily oxidizable saturated and unsaturated double bonds, which not only reduce the combustion heat value but also result in high fuel consumption.Summary
[0004] First, the present application provides a synthetic liquid fuel comprising: a light oil component composed of C6-C12 alkanes, a catalytic component composed of C13-C16 alkanes, a bio heavy oil component, and a petrochemical oil component; The petrochemical oil component is either a petrochemical diesel component or a petrochemical heavy oil component.
[0005] When the petrochemical oil component is a petrochemical diesel component, the content of each component is as follows: the mass fraction of the light oil component is 0-49%, and the mass of the catalytic component accounts for more than 86%of the mass of the light oil component; The mass fraction of the biological heavy oil component is 1-95%; The mass fraction of the petrochemical diesel component is 5-95%; the petrochemical diesel component comprises a mixed aromatic hydrocarbon, and the mixed aromatic hydrocarbon is one or more of toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, propylene benzene, butaylene and pentylbenzene, and the mass content of the mixed aromatic hydrocarbon contained in it accounts for 1-40%of the petrochemical diesel component; The mass fraction of mixed aromatic hydrocarbons in this synthetic liquid fuel is 0.05-40%.
[0006] When the petrochemical oil component is a petrochemical heavy oil component, the content of each component is as follows: the mass fraction of the light oil component is 0-49%, and the mass of the catalytic component accounts for more than 86%of the mass of the light oil component; The mass fraction of the bio-heavy oil component is 2-95%; The mass fraction of the petrochemical heavy oil component is 2-95%; the petrochemical heavy oil component contains mixed aromatic hydrocarbons, and the mixed aromatic hydrocarbons contained are one or more of toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, propylene, butadiene and pentylbenzene, and the mass of the mixed aromatic hydrocarbons contained in the petrochemical heavy oil components is 1-80%; The synthetic liquid fuel has a mixed aromatic hydrocarbon mass content of 0.02-80%.
[0007] In some embodiments, the mass content of the bio-heavy oil component is 50-95%.
[0008] In some embodiments, when the petrochemical oil component is a petrochemical diesel component, the mass content of the petrochemical diesel component is 50-95%; When the petrochemical oil component is a petrochemical heavy oil component, the mass content of the petrochemical heavy oil component is 50-95%.
[0009] In some embodiments, when the petrochemical oil component is a petrochemical diesel component, the petrochemical diesel is one or more mixtures of one or more kinds of diesel fuel in China VI diesel, Euro V diesel, China III diesel, China IV diesel and China V diesel, the mass content of the mixed aromatic hydrocarbons contained in the petrochemical diesel component accounts for 1-40%, and the mass fraction of the mixed aromatics in the synthetic liquid fuel is 0.05-40%; When the petrochemical oil component is a petrochemical heavy oil component, the petrochemical heavy oil is one or more mixtures of one or more kinds of 100#heavy oil, 180#heavy oil, 240#heavy oil, 280#heavy oil, 350#heavy oil, 380#heavy oil, 500#heavy oil, 100#low-sulfur heavy oil, 180#low-sulfur heavy oil, 240#low-sulfur heavy oil, 280#low-sulfur heavy oil, 350#low-sulfur heavy oil, 380#low-sulfur heavy oil, 500#low-sulfur heavy oil, light circulating oil, low-sulfur light circulating oil, circulating oil, low-sulfur circulating oil. Described petrochemical heavy oil component contains mixed aromatic hydrocarbons, and the mixed aromatic hydrocarbons contained are one or more in toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, propylene, butabenzene, pentylbenzene, and the mass of the mixed aromatic hydrocarbons contained in this petrochemical heavy oil component accounts for 1-80%, and the mixed aromatic hydrocarbon content of this synthetic liquid fuel is 0.02-80%.
[0010] In some embodiments, when the petrochemical oil component is a petrochemical diesel component, the closed cup flash point of the liquid fuel is not less than 50℃; When the petrochemical oil component is a petrochemical heavy oil component, the closed cup flash point of the liquid fuel is not less than 55℃.
[0011] In some embodiments, the mass of the catalytic component accounts for 86%-10000 of the mass of the light oil component.
[0012] In some embodiments, the bio-heavy oil components include a mixture of more than one or two of biodiesel, vegetable oil, animal oil, oily algal oil and derivatives of biological oil; Among them, biodiesel includes fatty acid methyl ester FAME, fatty acid ethyl ester, synthetic petrochemical diesel (Hydrogenated deoxygenated Vegetable Oil Synthetic petrochemical diesel HVO) , synthetic petrochemical jet kerosene (Hydrogenated deoxygenated vegetable oil synthetic petrochemical jet kerosene SAF) , synthetic petrochemical heavy oil (Hydrogenated deoxygenated vegetable oil synthetic petrochemical heavy oil) , etc. Animal fat is chicken, duck, pig, cattle, sheep, fish fat, etc. ; Vegetable oils are palm oil, cottonseed oil, soybean oil, sunflower oil, sapindus oil, rapeseed oil, castor oil, shiny-leaved yellowhorn oil, jatropha oil, peony fruit oil, sapium sebiferum oil, cyperus esculentus oil, rubber seed oil, rice bran oil and other vegetable oil etc. The derivatives of biological oils are food waste oil, UCO and so on.
[0013] In some embodiments, the light oil component composed of C6-C12 alkanes includes a single alkane with 6-12 carbons or a mixture of two or more thereof.
[0014] In some embodiments, the catalytic component composed of C13-C16 alkanes includes a single alkane with 13-16 carbons or a mixture of two or more thereof.
[0015] Second, this application provides an application of the above synthetic liquid fuel as diesel engine fuel, diesel / heavy oil combustion system fuel, Marine diesel heavy oil fuel, alternative vehicle diesel or aviation kerosene fuel, aviation jet turbine fuel, diesel / heavy oil boiler combustion system fuel;
[0016] The petrochemical oil component is a petrochemical diesel oil component; The synthetic liquid fuel has a cetane number of more than 40 and is used for high-speed diesel engine fuel, medium-speed diesel engine fuel, low-speed diesel engine fuel or diesel boiler combustion system;
[0017] The synthetic liquid fuel has a cetane number of more than 30 and is used for engine fuel of medium speed diesel engine and engine fuel of low speed diesel engine; or
[0018] The synthetic liquid fuel has a cetane number below 30 and is used for low-speed heavy diesel engine fuel or heavy diesel boiler combustion systems.
[0019] Thirdly, the application discloses the application of a synthetic liquid fuel as engine fuel for medium and large heavy diesel engines, engine fuel for medium and large heavy diesel engines for ships, engine fuel for medium and large heavy diesel generators, and heavy oil boiler fuels, wherein the petrochemical oil components are petrochemical heavy oil components.
[0020] Beneficial effects:
[0021] The synthetic liquid fuel of the present application has a low closed cup flash point, good combustion performance and low fuel consumption.
[0022] Embodiments of the present disclosure
[0023] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the disclosure more clear, the technical scheme of the embodiments of the disclosure is described clearly and completely in combination with the drawings attached to the embodiments of the disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the disclosure, but not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative work shall fall within the scope of protection of the present disclosure. Accordingly, the following detailed description of embodiments of the disclosure provided in the attached drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the disclosure.
[0024] The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a synthetic liquid fuel comprising: a light oil component composed of C6-C12 alkanes, a catalytic component composed of C13-C16 alkanes, a bio heavy oil component, and a petrochemical oil component; The petrochemical oil component is either a petrochemical diesel component or a petrochemical heavy oil component.
[0025] In some embodiments, the synthetic liquid fuel contains at least a light oil component composed of alkanes of C6-C12, a catalytic component composed of alkanes of C13-C16, a bio-heavy oil component, and a petrochemical oil component; The petrochemical oil component is either a petrochemical diesel component or a petrochemical heavy oil component. The light oil component enhances the fuel performance of the fuel while adding an appropriate proportion of catalytic components is conducive to further increasing the flash point of the liquid fuel to meet the set safety standards.
[0026] Among them, the light oil component can come from commonly used petroleum raw materials such as cracked gasoline, reformed gasoline, etc., and it is purified through cutting processes to remove unfavorable cetane number components, select favorable C6-C12 alkanes to form the light oil component, and / or any non crude oil extracted C6-C12, and / or artificially synthesized extracted C6-C12; For ease of description, the present disclosure refers to the C13-C16 alkane composition as the "catalytic component" . The catalytic component can come from commonly used petroleum raw materials such as paraffin, kerosene, etc., and is purified through cutting processes to remove unfavorable cetane number components. Favorable C13-C16 alkanes are selected to form the catalytic component and / or any non crude oil extracted C13-C16, and / or artificially synthesized extracted C13-C16; The mass content of the light oil component is 0-49%, and the mass of the catalytic component accounts for more than 86%of the mass of the light oil component.
[0027] Within this range, the specific content of the catalytic component is subject to the final fuel closed cup flash point meeting the requirements. To meet the market access standards in most regions, the liquid fuel in this embodiment of the present disclosure should have a closed cup flash point greater than 50℃, preferably greater than 65℃, and more preferably greater than 70℃. In the specific implementation plan, the impact of catalytic components on the flash point of light oil components can be determined first, and the flash point of the final liquid fuel can be further determined to obtain a reasonable ratio between each component. In general, the closed cup flash point of the light oil component mixed with the catalytic component is greater than 47℃, and it is preferred that the closed cup flash point of the light oil component mixed with the catalytic component is greater than 48℃; More preferably, the closed cup flash point of the light oil component mixed with the catalytic component is greater than 60℃, and even more preferably, the closed cup flash point of the light oil component mixed with the catalytic component is greater than 70℃. The final liquid fuel has both excellent combustibility and safety.
[0028] The implementation scheme of the present disclosure is not particularly limited in terms of how to mix each component. For example, first mix the light oil component with the catalytic component, and then mix it with the bio heavy oil component and the petrochemical oil component; The petrochemical oil component is either a petrochemical diesel component or a petrochemical heavy oil component. Alternatively, the selected components can be mixed together in their respective proportions to achieve the required flash point standard for the resulting fuel. Ultimately, it is reflected in the selection of appropriate amounts of light oil and catalytic components to ensure that the closed cup flash point of the liquid fuel meets relevant standards, which is an important indicator of its safety.
[0029] In the specific implementation plan, the mass of the catalytic component accounts for 86%-10000%of the mass of the light oil component; In the specific implementation plan, the mass of the catalytic component accounts for 86%-5000%of the mass of the light oil component, which is more conducive to ensuring the expected safety of the fuel and controlling the cost-effectiveness of the final liquid fuel. This can be done either by adding the selected catalytic component to the light oil component or by using split fractions from the petroleum processing chain.
[0030] In a specific implementation plan, the mass content of light oil components in the fuel is 5%, the mass content of catalytic components accounts for 150%of the mass content of light oil components, the mass content of catalytic components in the fuel is 7.5%, the total mass content of light oil components and catalytic components in the fuel is 12.5%, the total mass content of bio heavy oil components in the fuel is 50%, and the total mass content of petrochemical diesel components in the fuel is 37.5%.
[0031] As an essential component in the liquid fuel of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the catalytic component composed of C13-C16 alkanes may include a single alkane with 13-16 carbons or a mixture of two or more thereof. Among them, the catalytic component composed of C13-C16 alkanes includes a mixture of one or more of normal alkanes with 13-16 carbons, their isomers, and cycloalkanes.
[0032] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the light oil component composed of C6-C12 alkanes may include a single alkane with 6-12 carbons or a mixture of two or more thereof.
[0033] More specifically, the light oil component composed of C6-C12 alkanes includes a mixture of one or more of normal alkanes with 6-12 carbons, their isomers, and cycloalkanes. For example, hexane, heptane, octane, nonane, decane, undecane, and dodecane can reduce the octane value of liquid fuels and increase the cetane value, becoming liquid fuels that can replace diesel oil and be used in diesel engines and diesel / heavy oil combustion systems, achieving high calorific value, low pollution, and low cost.
[0034] In the implementation scheme of the present disclosure, the bio heavy oil component includes a mixture of one or more of bio diesel (including fatty acid methyl ester FAME, fatty acid ethyl ester, synthetic petrochemical diesel (hydrogenated deoxidized vegetable oil synthetic petrochemical diesel HVO) , synthetic petrochemical aviation kerosene (hydrogenated deoxidized vegetable oil synthetic petrochemical aviation kerosene SAF) , synthetic petrochemical heavy oil (hydrogenated deoxidized vegetable oil synthetic petrochemical heavy oil) , bio oil, animal and plant oil, oil containing algae oil, and derivatives of bio oil. Animal fats can include fats from chickens, ducks, pigs, cows, sheep, and fish, etc. Among them, vegetable oils can be palm oil, cottonseed oil, soybean oil, sunflower oil, sapindus oil, rapeseed oil, castor oil, shiny-leaved yellowhorn oil, jatropha oil, peony fruit oil, sapium sebiferum oil, cyperus esculentus oil, rubber seed oil, rice bran oil and other vegetable oils, etc. Among them, the derivatives of biological oils and their derivatives can be food waste oil (commonly known as "gutter oil" ) , UCO, etc.
[0035] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the petrochemical diesel is a mixture of one or more of China National VI diesel, Euro V diesel, China National III diesel, China National IV diesel, and China National V diesel. The components of petrochemical diesel contain a large amount of mixed aromatic hydrocarbons, which contain toluene / xylene / ethylbenzene / toluene / styrene butadiene / pentene, with a mixed aromatic hydrocarbon content of about 1-40%. The mixed aromatic hydrocarbon content of this synthetic liquid fuel is about 0.05-40%.
[0036] As mentioned earlier, the liquid fuel in the embodiments of the present disclosure is obtained by blending suitable proportions of catalytic components and / or light oil components on the basis of bio heavy oil components and petrochemical diesel components. Based on the synthetic liquid fuel, the mass content of the bio heavy oil component is 1-95%, preferably 5-95%, preferably 30-95%, and preferably 60-95%. The mass content of petrochemical diesel components is 5-95%, preferably 10-95%, preferably 20-95%, and preferably 60-95%.
[0037] The fuel used in the embodiments of the present disclosure comes from the rational blending products of hydrocarbon components with different requirements for carbon structure, bio heavy oil components, and petrochemical diesel components. The hydrocarbon compounds used as light oil components and catalytic components can be synthetic products, but they are usually the products of raw oil purification and refining, such as solvent oils that meet the requirements. During the refining process, the aromatic hydrocarbons contained in the raw oil, generally toluene / xylene / ethylbenzene / toluene, are considered impurities that need to be removed as much as possible. The cleaner the aromatic hydrocarbons are removed, the higher the processing cost of the raw oil, which is inevitably reflected in the cost of the fuel product. The inventor's research in this case found that the components of bio heavy oil and petrochemical diesel, especially animal and vegetable oils, have low calorific value due to their oxygen-containing structure, which inevitably affects the thermal effect of the fuel. However, when liquid fuel contains an appropriate amount of aromatic components, it not only has no significant effect on the combustion effect, but sometimes it can also show some improvement. Therefore, when preparing the fuel oil of the embodiments of the present disclosure, it is allowed to use component oils that have not undergone strict de aromatization purification, such as using crude gasoline fractions, which often contain a certain amount of aromatic hydrocarbons and do not require further refining and removal, thereby significantly reducing the purity requirements of the raw oil, broadening the selection of raw oil, and reducing the cost of liquid fuel as the final product. From the perspective of combustion efficiency, the inventor believes that the fuel may contain a small amount of aromatic hydrocarbons, such as toluene / xylene / ethylbenzene / toluene, etc. In the specific plan, based on the property parameters of each component oil, if a small amount of aromatic hydrocarbons are indeed needed to exist in the liquid fuel product, the low-carbon aromatic hydrocarbon component can be introduced into the selected light oil component or the final fuel to enhance the calorific value of the fuel; Light oil components and catalytic components can also be selected as cutting fractions in the petroleum processing chain, which should be a more suitable means for industrial production. For example, crude gasoline fractions often contain certain aromatic hydrocarbons that need to be refined and removed, but they may be used as light oil components in the fuel of the present disclosure. For another example, C8-12 solvent oil or other equivalent distillate oils, which contain certain aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene / xylene / ethylbenzene / toluene, do not need to be removed and are used in the fuel embodiments of the present disclosure. This not only reduces the raw material cost, but the presence of a small amount of aromatic hydrocarbons is also beneficial for improving the fuel's calorific value. The same principle applies to selecting catalytic components with appropriate distillation ranges, such as C13-16 solvent oil or other equivalent distillate oils. However, the components of petrochemical diesel contain a large amount of mixed aromatic hydrocarbons, which contain toluene / xylene / ethylbenzene / toluene / styrene butadiene / pentene, with a mixed aromatic hydrocarbon content of about 1-40%. Therefore, the mixed aromatic hydrocarbon content of this synthetic liquid fuel is about 0.05-40%
[0038] The embodiment of the disclosure provides a liquid fuel, which is essentially a liquid fuel with excellent flammability by choosing a suitable proportion of highly volatile catalytic components and / or light oil components as a solvent, dissolving and blending biological heavy oil components and petrochemical diesel oil components, so that the volatility of bio heavy oil is increased and the viscosity is reduced. The introduction of the appropriate proportion of catalytic components is to ensure the combustion performance of the fuel, improve its use safety, and help enter the fuel oil market as an alternative fuel for diesel engines. In this sense, the disclosure can be regarded as the development and extension of the inventor's persistent research results for many years.
[0039] The embodiment of the disclosure also provides the use of the liquid fuel as an engine fuel for a diesel engine, in particular as a fuel application that can replace automotive diesel, Marine diesel heavy oil or aviation kerosene. For example, by adjusting the cetane number of the final product, it can be applied to all types of diesel engine fuel, in particular, the liquid fuel with a cetane number of more than 40, for high-speed diesel engine fuel, medium-speed diesel engine fuel and low-speed diesel engine fuel or diesel boiler combustion system; The liquid fuel has a cetane number of 30 or above and is used as fuel for medium speed diesel engines, low-speed diesel engines, or diesel boiler combustion systems; Alternatively, the liquid fuel has a cetane number below 30 and is used as fuel for low-speed diesel engines or heavy oil combustion systems.
[0040] The embodiments of the present disclosure also provide the use of the liquid fuel as fuel for diesel / heavy oil combustion systems and the application of fuel for ship diesel / heavy oil combustion systems.
[0041] The embodiment of the present disclosure also provides an application of the liquid fuel as an aviation jet turbine fuel.
[0042] The liquid fuel in the embodiments of the present disclosure comes from the blending of bio heavy oil and petrochemical diesel oil components, catalytic components, and / or light oil components, showing the combustion characteristics of gasoline and kerosene. In the simplest experiment, for example, the liquid fuel is ignited in a cylinder, the simulated combustion experiment is carried out, and the cylinder pressure heat release curve is measured. The obtained heat peak release curve of cylinder pressure shows a smooth single peak curve, which indicates that the liquid fuel gasifies smoothly and has no knock phenomenon during combustion. The effect can also be explained by the characteristics of the component oil used. The catalytic component can increase the flash point of the mixture when adding it into the light oil component. After blending the mixture of the catalytic component and the light component into the bio heavy oil component and the petrochemical diesel oil component, the flash point can further increase. The final mixture can form a more homogeneous mixture, avoiding the occurrence of phase separation; At the same time, the addition of catalytic components makes the gasification process of the liquid fuel mixture more convenient and smooth. After the fuel is injected into the cylinder, the fuel instantly gradually passes through the early flame diffusion period, high-speed flame propagation period, and flame termination period. The cylinder pressure heat release curve presents a smooth single-peak curve without knocking.
[0043] In other embodiments, the synthetic liquid fuel comprises at least a light oil component consisting of alkanes of C6-C12, a catalytic component consisting of alkanes of C13-C16, a biological heavy oil component, and a petrochemical heavy oil component. While the light oil component improves the fuel performance of the fuel, the addition of the appropriate proportion of catalytic components is conducive to further improving the flash point of the liquid fuel to facilitate compliance with the set safety standards.
[0044] Among them, the light oil component can come from commonly used petroleum raw materials such as cracked gasoline, reformed gasoline, etc., and it is purified through cutting processes to remove unfavorable cetane number components, select favorable C6-C12 alkanes to form the light oil component, and / or any non crude oil extracted C6-C12, and / or artificially synthesized extracted C6-C12; For ease of description, the present disclosure refers to the C13-C16 alkane composition as the "catalytic component" . The catalytic component can come from commonly used petroleum raw materials such as paraffin, kerosene, etc., and is purified through cutting processes to remove unfavorable cetane number components. Favorable C13-C16 alkanes are selected to form the catalytic component and / or any non crude oil extracted C13-C16, and / or artificially synthesized extracted C13-C16; The mass content of the light oil component is 0-49%, and the mass of the catalytic component accounts for more than 86%of the mass of the light oil component.
[0045] Within this range, the specific content of catalytic components should be based on the final fuel's closed flash point meeting the requirements. To meet the market access standards in most regions, the liquid fuel in this embodiment of the present disclosure should have a closed cup flash point greater than 55℃, and more preferably a closed cup flash point greater than 65℃. In the specific implementation plan, the impact of catalytic components on the flash point of light oil components can be determined first, and the flash point of the final liquid fuel can be further determined to obtain a reasonable ratio between each component. In general, the closed cup flash point of the light oil component mixed with the catalytic component is greater than 50℃, and it is more preferred that the closed cup flash point of the light oil component mixed with the catalytic component is greater than 60℃; More preferably, the closed cup flash point of the light oil component mixed with the catalytic component is greater than 65℃, and even more preferably, the closed cup flash point of the light oil component mixed with the catalytic component is greater than 70℃. The final liquid fuel has both excellent combustibility and safety.
[0046] The implementation scheme of the present disclosure is not particularly limited in how to mix each component. For example, the light oil component and the catalytic component are first mixed, and then mixed with the bio heavy oil component and the petrochemical heavy oil component, or the selected components are mixed together according to their respective content ratios to achieve the required flash point standard of the fuel. Ultimately, it is reflected in the selection of appropriate amounts of light oil and catalytic components to ensure that the closed cup flash point of the liquid fuel meets relevant standards, which is an important indicator of its safety.
[0047] In the specific implementation plan, the mass of the catalytic component accounts for 86%-10000%of the mass of the light oil component; In the specific implementation plan, the mass of the catalytic component accounts for 86%-5000%of the mass of the light oil component, which is more conducive to ensuring the expected safety of the fuel and controlling the cost-effectiveness of the final liquid fuel. It can be by adding the selected catalytic component to the light oil component, or by using segmented fractions from the petroleum processing chain.
[0048] In a specific implementation scheme, the mass content of light oil components in fuel is 5%, the mass content of catalytic components accounts for 150%of the mass content of light oil components, the mass content of catalytic components in fuel is 7.5%, the total mass content of light oil components and catalytic components in fuel is 12.5%, and the total mass content of biological heavy oil components in fuel is 50%. The total mass content of petrochemical heavy oil in fuel is 37.5%.
[0049] As an essential component in the liquid fuel of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the catalytic component composed of C13-C16 alkanes may include a single alkane with 13-16 carbons or a mixture of two or more thereof. Among them, the catalytic component composed of C13-C16 alkanes includes a mixture of one or more of normal alkanes with 13-16 carbons, their isomers, and cycloalkanes.
[0050] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the light oil component composed of C6-C12 alkanes may include a single alkane with 6-12 carbons or a mixture of two or more thereof.
[0051] More specifically, the light oil component composed of C6-C12 alkanes includes a mixture of one or more of normal alkanes with 6-12 carbons, their isomers, and cycloalkanes. For example, hexane, heptane, octane, nonane, decane, undecane, and dodecane can be used to reduce the octane value of liquid fuels and increase the cetane value, becoming a substitute for diesel heavy oil in the application of medium and large heavy diesel engine fuels, marine medium and large heavy diesel engine engine fuels, medium and large heavy diesel generator engine fuels, and heavy oil boiler fuels, achieving high calorific value, low pollution, and low cost effects.
[0052] In the implementation scheme of the present disclosure, the bio heavy oil component includes a mixture of one or more of bio diesel (including fatty acid methyl ester FAME, fatty acid ethyl ester, synthetic petrochemical diesel (hydrogenated deoxidized vegetable oil synthetic petrochemical diesel HVO) , synthetic petrochemical aviation kerosene (hydrogenated deoxidized vegetable oil synthetic petrochemical aviation kerosene SAF) , synthetic petrochemical heavy oil (hydrogenated deoxidized vegetable oil synthetic petrochemical heavy oil) , bio oil, animal and plant oil, oil containing algae oil, and derivatives of bio oil. Animal fats can include fats from chickens, ducks, pigs, cows, sheep, and fish, etc. Among them, vegetable oils can be palm oil, cottonseed oil, soybean oil, sunflower oil, sapindus oil, rapeseed oil, castor oil, shiny-leaved yellowhorn oil, jatropha oil, peony fruit oil, sapium sebiferum oil, cyperus esculentus oil, rubber seed oil, rice bran oil and other vegetable oils, etc. Among them, the derivatives of biological oils and their derivatives can be food waste oil (commonly known as "gutter oil" ) , UCO, etc.
[0053] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the petrochemical heavy oil is a mixture of one or more of 100#heavy oil, 180 #heavy oil, 240 #heavy oil, 280 #heavy oil, 350 #heavy oil, 380 #heavy oil, 500 #heavy oil, 100#low sulfur heavy oil, 180 #low sulfur heavy oil, 240 #low sulfur heavy oil, 280 #low sulfur heavy oil, 350 #low sulfur heavy oil, 380 #low sulfur heavy oil, 500 #low sulfur heavy oil, light cycle oil, low sulfur light cycle oil, cycle oil, and low sulfur cycle oil. Petrochemical heavy oil contains a large amount of mixed aromatic hydrocarbons, which can contain toluene / xylene / ethylbenzene / toluene / styrene butadiene / pentene, with a mixed aromatic hydrocarbon content of about 1-80%. The mass content of mixed aromatic hydrocarbons in this synthetic liquid fuel is about 0.02-80%.
[0054] As mentioned earlier, the liquid fuel of the embodiment of the present disclosure is obtained by blending a suitable proportion of catalytic components and / or light oil components on the basis of bio heavy oil components and petrochemical heavy oil components. Based on the synthetic liquid fuel, the mass content of the bio heavy oil components is 2-95%, preferably 5-95%, preferably 30-95%, preferably 60-95%. The mass content of petrochemical heavy oil components is 2-95%, preferably 10-95%, preferably 20-95%, and preferably 60-95%.
[0055] The fuel used in the embodiments of the present disclosure comes from the rational blending products of hydrocarbon components with different requirements for carbon structure, bio heavy oil components, and petrochemical heavy oil components. The hydrocarbon compounds used as light oil components and catalytic components can be synthetic products, but they are usually the products of raw oil purification and refining, such as solvent oils that meet the requirements. During the refining process, the aromatic hydrocarbons contained in the raw oil, such as toluene / xylene / ethylbenzene / toluene, are considered impurities that need to be removed as much as possible. The cleaner the aromatic hydrocarbons are removed, the higher the processing cost of the raw oil, which is inevitably reflected in the cost of the fuel product. The inventor's research in this case found that the components of bio heavy oil and petrochemical heavy oil, especially animal and vegetable oils, have low calorific value due to their oxygen-containing structure, which inevitably affects the thermal effect of the fuel. However, when liquid fuel contains an appropriate amount of aromatic components, it not only has no significant effect on the combustion effect, but sometimes it can also show some improvement. Therefore, when preparing the fuel oil of the embodiments of the present disclosure, it is allowed to use component oils that have not undergone strict de aromatization purification, such as using crude gasoline fractions, which often contain a certain amount of aromatic hydrocarbons and petrochemical heavy oil components with very high aromatic hydrocarbon content. As long as the aromatic hydrocarbon content in the final liquid fuel does not exceed 80%, further refining and removal are not required, thereby greatly reducing the purity requirements of the raw oil, broadening the selection of raw oil, and reducing the cost of liquid fuel as the final product. From the perspective of combustion efficiency, the inventor believes that the fuel can contain a small amount of aromatic hydrocarbons, such as toluene / xylene / ethylbenzene / toluene / styrene butadiene / pentene, etc., and their content should be controlled at 0.02-80%. In the specific plan, based on the property parameters of each component oil, if it is necessary for aromatic hydrocarbons to exist in the liquid fuel product, the aromatic hydrocarbon component can be introduced into the selected light oil component or the final fuel to enhance the calorific value of the fuel; Light oil components and catalytic components can also be selected as cutting fractions in the petroleum processing chain, which should be a more suitable means for industrial production. For example, crude gasoline fractions often contain certain aromatic hydrocarbons that need to be refined and removed, but they may be used as light oil components in the fuel of the present disclosure. For another example, C8-12 solvent oil or other equivalent distillate oils, which contain certain aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene / xylene / ethylbenzene / toluene, do not need to be removed and are used in the fuel embodiments of the present disclosure. This not only reduces the cost of raw materials, but also enhances the calorific value of the fuel due to the presence of aromatic hydrocarbons. The same principle applies to selecting catalytic components with appropriate distillation ranges, such as C13-16 solvent oil or other equivalent distillate oils. Petrochemical heavy oil contains a large amount of mixed aromatic hydrocarbons, which can contain toluene / xylene / ethylbenzene / toluene / styrene butadiene / pentene, with aromatic content ranging from 1%to 80%. The mixed aromatic hydrocarbon mass content of the synthesized liquid fuel is between approximately 0.02-80%.
[0056] The present disclosure provides a liquid fuel, which essentially involves selecting a suitable proportion of high volatility catalytic components and / or light oil components as solvents to dissolve and blend bio heavy oil components and petrochemical heavy oil components, thereby increasing the volatility and reducing the viscosity of bio heavy oil components and petrochemical heavy oil components, and becoming a liquid fuel with excellent combustibility. The introduction of appropriate proportions of catalytic components ensures the combustion performance of the fuel while improving its safety of use, which helps to enter the fuel oil market as an alternative fuel for heavy diesel engines. In this sense, the present disclosure can be considered as the development and extension of the inventor's years of persistent research results.
[0057] The present disclosure also provides the application of the liquid fuel as engine fuel for medium and large heavy diesel engines, marine medium and large heavy diesel engines, medium and large heavy diesel generator engines, and heavy oil boiler fuels. The present disclosure also provides the use of the liquid fuel as fuel for diesel / heavy oil combustion systems and the application of fuel for marine diesel / heavy oil combustion systems.
[0058] The liquid fuel in the embodiments of the present application comes from the blending of bio heavy oil and petrochemical heavy oil components, catalytic components, and / or light oil components, showing the combustion characteristics of gasoline and kerosene. In the simplest experiment, for example, the liquid fuel is ignited in a cylinder, the simulated combustion experiment is carried out, and the cylinder pressure heat release curve is measured. The obtained heat peak release curve of cylinder pressure shows a smooth single peak curve, which indicates that the liquid fuel gasifies smoothly and has no knock phenomenon during combustion. The effect can also be explained by the characteristics of the component oil used. The catalytic component can increase the flash point of the mixture when adding it into the light oil component. After blending the mixture of the catalytic component and the light component into the bio heavy oil component and the petrochemical heavy oil component, the flash point can further increase. The final mixture can form a more homogeneous mixture, avoiding the occurrence of phase separation; At the same time, the addition of catalytic components makes the gasification process of the liquid fuel mixture more convenient and smooth. After the fuel is injected into the cylinder, the fuel instantly gradually passes through the early flame diffusion period, high-speed flame propagation period, and flame termination period. The cylinder pressure heat release curve presents a smooth single-peak curve without knocking.
[0059] It can be said that the liquid fuel used in the embodiments of the present disclosure replaces heavy oil and is applied in various medium and large heavy diesel engine fuels, marine medium and large heavy diesel engine fuels, medium and large heavy diesel generator engine fuels, and heavy oil boiler fuels. It not only has the advantages of complete combustion, low pollution, and even no pollution, but also the introduction of appropriate proportions of light oil components and catalytic components enhances the safety of the fuel, making the blended fuel based on bio heavy oil components replace heavy oil for various medium and large heavy diesel engine fuels, marine medium and large heavy diesel engine fuels, medium and large heavy diesel generator engine fuels, and heavy oil boiler fuels. As a clean and cheap substitute for heavy oil, it provides more guarantee both in terms of technology and market access, and more effectively makes up for the weakness of petrochemical heavy oil in resources and costs.
[0060] Embodiment 1
[0061] The components of liquid fuel are as follows:
[0062] Light oil components: derived from heavy straight-run naphtha, with a distillation range of 100-220℃, purified by distillation, and determined to be C8-C12 alkanes; C6-C12 alkanes mainly include: C6-C12 n-alkanes, C6-C12 isoparaffins, C6-C12 cycloalkanes;
[0063] Catalytic component: derived from refined petroleum kerosene, with a distillation range of 200-300℃, purified by distillation, and determined to be C13-C16 alkanes; C13-C16 alkanes mainly include C13-C16 n-alkanes, C13-C16 isoparaffins, and C13-C16 cycloalkanes. Bio heavy oil component: cottonseed oil.
[0064] Petrochemical diesel components: National VI petrochemical diesel. Petrochemical diesel components contain a large amount of mixed aromatic hydrocarbons, which contain toluene / xylene / ethylbenzene / toluene / styrene butadiene / pentene, with a mixed aromatic hydrocarbon content of about 1-40%.
[0065] Catalytic component / light oil component=2 (mass ratio) , based on the total mass of the final liquid fuel composition, 65%of the bio heavy oil component, 10%of the light oil component, 20%of the catalytic component, and 5%of the petrochemical diesel component are mixed and blended to obtain the liquid fuel composition of the present disclosure. Its closed cup flash point is measured to be about 55℃. The liquid fuel composition of the present disclosure contains a mixed aromatic hydrocarbon content of 3%.
[0066] Embodiment 2
[0067] The composition of light oil components, catalytic components, bio heavy oil components, and petrochemical diesel components is the same as in embodiment 1.
[0068] Catalytic component / light oil component=1.25 (mass ratio) , based on the total mass of the final liquid fuel composition, the bio heavy oil component is 51.25%, the light oil component is 15%, the catalytic component is 18.75%, and the petrochemical diesel component is 15%, mixed and blended to obtain the liquid fuel composition of the present disclosure, and its closed cup flash point is measured to be about 63℃. The liquid fuel composition of the present disclosure contains a mixed aromatic hydrocarbon content of about 10%.
[0069] Embodiment 3
[0070] Light oil components: derived from heavy cracked naphtha, with a distillation range of 150-220℃, purified by distillation, and determined to be C9-C12 alkanes. C9-C12 alkanes mainly include C9-C12 n-alkanes and C9-C12 isoparaffins, C9-C12 cycloalkanes;
[0071] Catalytic component: derived from refined petroleum kerosene, with a distillation range of 200-300℃, purified by distillation, and determined to be C13-C16 alkanes; C13-C16 alkanes mainly include C13-C16 n-alkanes, C13-C16 isoparaffins, and C13-C16 cycloalkanes.
[0072] Bio heavy oil component: soybean oil.
[0073] Petrochemical diesel components: National VI petrochemical diesel. Petrochemical diesel components contain a large amount of mixed aromatic hydrocarbons, which contain toluene / xylene / ethylbenzene / toluene / styrene butadiene / pentene, with a mixed aromatic hydrocarbon content of about 1-40%.
[0074] Only the catalytic component is present, with no light oil component. Based on the total mass of the final liquid fuel composition, the bio heavy oil component is 50%, the light oil component is 0%, the catalytic component is 20%, and the petrochemical diesel component is 30%. By mixing and blending, the liquid fuel composition of the present disclosure is obtained, and its closed cup flash point is determined to be greater than 60℃. The liquid fuel composition of the present disclosure contains a mixed aromatic hydrocarbon content of about 13%.
[0075] Embodiment 4
[0076] The composition of light oil components, catalytic components, bio heavy oil components, and petrochemical diesel components is the same as in embodiment 3.
[0077] Catalytic component / light oil component=3 (mass ratio) , based on the total mass of the final liquid fuel composition, 20%bio heavy oil component, 10%light oil component, 30%catalytic component, and 40%petrochemical diesel component are mixed and blended to obtain the liquid fuel composition of the present disclosure. Its closed cup flash point is measured to be about 58℃. The liquid fuel composition of the present disclosure contains a mixed aromatic hydrocarbon content of about 12%.
[0078] Embodiment 5
[0079] As the components of light oil, catalytic component, and petrochemical diesel component, they are all the same as in embodiment 1, but the bio heavy oil component is food waste oil (gutter oil) .
[0080] Catalytic component / light oil component=25 (mass ratio) , based on the total mass of the final liquid fuel composition, bio heavy oil component is 7%, light oil component is 0.8%, catalytic component is 20%, and petrochemical diesel component is 72.2%, mixed and blended to obtain the liquid fuel composition of the present disclosure, and its closed cup flash point is measured to be about 65℃. The liquid fuel composition of the present disclosure contains a mixed aromatic hydrocarbon content of about 20%.
[0081] Embodiment 6
[0082] As the components of light oil, catalytic component, and petrochemical diesel component, they are all the same as in embodiment 1, but the bio heavy oil component is food waste oil (gutter oil) .
[0083] Catalytic component / light oil component=50 (mass ratio) , based on the total mass of the final liquid fuel composition, bio heavy oil component is 5%, light oil component is 0.3%, catalytic component is 15%, and petrochemical diesel component is 79.7%, mixed and blended to obtain the liquid fuel composition of the present disclosure, and its closed cup flash point is measured to be about 60℃. The liquid fuel composition of the present disclosure contains a mixed aromatic hydrocarbon content of about 9%.
[0084] Embodiment 7
[0085] The components of liquid fuel are as follows:
[0086] Light oil components: derived from heavy straight-run naphtha, with a distillation range of 100-220℃, purified by distillation, and determined to be C8-C12 alkanes; C6-C12 alkanes mainly include: C6-C12 n-alkanes, C6-C12 isoparaffins, C6-C12 cycloalkanes;
[0087] Catalytic component: derived from refined petroleum kerosene, with a distillation range of 200-300℃, purified by distillation, and determined to be C13-C16 alkanes; C13-C16 alkanes mainly include C13-C16 n-alkanes, C13-C16 isoparaffins, and C13-C16 cycloalkanes.
[0088] Bio heavy oil component: Jatropha curcas oil.
[0089] Petrochemical diesel components: National VI No. 0 petrochemical diesel. Petrochemical diesel components contain a large amount of mixed aromatic hydrocarbons, which contain toluene / xylene / ethylbenzene / toluene / styrene butadiene / pentene, with a mixed aromatic hydrocarbon content of about 1-40%.
[0090] Only the catalytic component is present, with no light oil component. Based on the total mass of the final liquid fuel composition, the bio heavy oil component is 1%, the light oil component is 0%, the catalytic component is 8%, and the petrochemical diesel component is 91%. By mixing and blending, the liquid fuel composition of the present disclosure is obtained, and its closed cup flash point is measured to be about 64℃. The liquid fuel composition of the present disclosure contains a mixed aromatic hydrocarbon content of about 30%.
[0091] Embodiment 8
[0092] The components of liquid fuel are as follows:
[0093] Light oil components: derived from heavy straight-run naphtha, with a distillation range of 100-220℃, purified by distillation, and determined to be C8-C12 alkanes; C6-C12 alkanes mainly include: C6-C12 n-alkanes, C6-C12 isoparaffins, C6-C12 cycloalkanes;
[0094] Catalytic component: derived from refined petroleum kerosene, with a distillation range of 200-300℃, purified by distillation, and determined to be C13-C16 alkanes; C13-C16 alkanes mainly include C13-C16 n-alkanes, C13-C16 isoparaffins, and C13-C16 cycloalkanes.
[0095] Bio heavy oil component: Jatropha curcas oil.
[0096] Petrochemical diesel components: National VI petrochemical diesel. Petrochemical diesel components contain a large amount of mixed aromatic hydrocarbons, which contain toluene / xylene / ethylbenzene / toluene / styrene butadiene / pentene, with a mixed aromatic hydrocarbon content of about 1-40%.
[0097] Catalytic component / light oil component=1500 (mass ratio) , based on the total mass of the final liquid fuel composition, bio heavy oil component 2%, light oil component 0.02%, catalytic component 30%, and petrochemical diesel component 67.98%were mixed and blended to obtain the liquid fuel composition of the present disclosure, and its closed cup flash point was measured to be about 64℃. The liquid fuel composition of the present disclosure contains a mixed aromatic hydrocarbon content of about 20%.
[0098] Embodiment 9
[0099] The components of liquid fuel are as follows:
[0100] Light oil components: derived from heavy straight-run naphtha, with a distillation range of 180-220℃, purified by distillation, and determined to be C10-C12 alkanes; C6-C12 alkanes mainly include: C6-C12 n-alkanes, C6-C12 isoparaffins, C6-C12 cycloalkanes;
[0101] Catalytic component: derived from refined petroleum kerosene, with a distillation range of 200-300℃, purified by distillation, and determined to be C13-C16 alkanes; C13-C16 alkanes mainly include C13-C16 n-alkanes, C13-C16 isoparaffins, and C13-C16 cycloalkanes. Bio heavy oil component: cottonseed oil.
[0102] Petrochemical diesel components: National VI petrochemical diesel. Petrochemical diesel components contain a large amount of mixed aromatic hydrocarbons, which contain toluene / xylene / ethylbenzene / toluene / styrene butadiene / pentene, with a mixed aromatic hydrocarbon content of about 1-40%.
[0103] Catalytic component / light oil component=2600 (mass ratio) , based on the total mass of the final liquid fuel composition, 68.99%of the bio heavy oil component, 0.01%of the light oil component, 26%of the catalytic component, and 5%of the petrochemical diesel component were mixed and blended to obtain the liquid fuel composition of the present disclosure. Its closed cup flash point was measured to be about 55℃. The liquid fuel composition of the present disclosure contains a mixed aromatic hydrocarbon content of 3%.
[0104] Ignite the liquid fuel of embodiments 1-9 in the cylinder, conduct simulated combustion experiments, and measure the cylinder pressure heat release curve. The obtained cylinder pressure heat release curve shows a smooth single peak curve, which indicates that the liquid fuel gasifies smoothly and has no knock phenomenon during combustion.
[0105] Control group 1
[0106] National VI petrochemical diesel.
[0107] The maximum total mass of a diesel vehicle is 4.495 tons, with license plate number Min D365BU. Fuel consumption tests were conducted on the liquid fuel combination of embodiments 1-9 and Comparative embodiment 1, and the results are shown in Table 1. The method for smoke check testing is the Ringman blackness test. The nitrogen oxide test adopts the loading deceleration method (maximum speed of 3600, loading deceleration to 2206) . Fuel consumption test adopts free acceleration
[0108] Table 1
[0109] Embodiment 10
[0110] The components of liquid fuel are as follows:
[0111] Light oil components: derived from heavy straight-run naphtha, with a distillation range of 100-220℃, purified by distillation, and determined to be C8-C12 alkanes; C6-C12 alkanes mainly include: C6-C12 n-alkanes, C6-C12 isoparaffins, C6-C12 cycloalkanes;
[0112] Catalytic component: derived from refined petroleum kerosene, with a distillation range of 200-300℃, purified by distillation, and determined to be C13-C16 alkanes; C13-C16 alkanes mainly include C13-C16 n-alkanes, C13-C16 isoparaffins, and C13-C16 cycloalkanes.
[0113] Petrochemical heavy oil contains a large amount of mixed aromatic hydrocarbons, which can contain toluene / xylene / ethylbenzene / toluene / styrene butadiene / pentene, with aromatic content ranging from 1%to 80%. The mixed aromatic hydrocarbon content of the synthetic liquid fuel is between approximately 0.02-80%.
[0114] Bio heavy oil component: cottonseed oil.
[0115] Petrochemical heavy oil component: 240 #heavy oil.
[0116] Catalytic component / light oil component=2 (mass ratio) , based on the total mass of the final liquid fuel composition, bio heavy oil component is 55%, light oil component is 10%, catalytic component is 20%, and petrochemical heavy oil component is 15%, mixed and blended to obtain the liquid fuel composition of the present disclosure, and its closed cup flash point is measured to be about 60℃. The liquid fuel composition of the present disclosure contains a mixed aromatic hydrocarbon content of about 15%.
[0117] Embodiment 11
[0118] The composition of light oil components, catalytic components, bio heavy oil components, and petrochemical heavy oil components is the same as in embodiment 10.
[0119] Catalytic component / light oil component=1.3 (mass ratio) , based on the total mass of the final liquid fuel composition, bio heavy oil component 45%, light oil component 15%, catalytic component 19.5%, and petrochemical heavy oil component 20.5%are mixed and blended. Obtain the liquid fuel composition of the present disclosure and measure its closed cup flash point to be approximately 63℃. The liquid fuel composition of the present disclosure contains a mixed aromatic hydrocarbon content of about 17%.
[0120] Embodiment 12
[0121] Light oil components: derived from heavy cracked naphtha, with a distillation range of 150-220℃, purified by distillation, and determined to be C9-C12 alkanes. C9-C12 alkanes mainly include C9-C12 n-alkanes and C9-C12 isoparaffins, C9-C12 cycloalkanes;
[0122] Catalytic component: derived from refined petroleum kerosene, with a distillation range of 200-300℃, purified by distillation, and determined to be C13-C16 alkanes; C13-C16 alkanes mainly include C13-C16 n-alkanes, C13-C16 isoparaffins, and C13-C16 cycloalkanes. Petrochemical heavy oil contains a large amount of mixed aromatic hydrocarbons, which can contain toluene / xylene / ethylbenzene / toluene / styrene butadiene / pentene, with aromatic content ranging from 1%to 80%. The mixed aromatic hydrocarbon content of the synthetic liquid fuel is between approximately 0.02-80%.
[0123] Bio heavy oil component: soybean oil.
[0124] Petrochemical heavy oil component: 350 #heavy oil.
[0125] Catalytic component / light oil component=3 (mass ratio) , based on the total mass of the final liquid fuel composition, bio heavy oil component 30%, light oil component 5%, catalytic component 15%, and petrochemical heavy oil component 50%are mixed and blended to obtain the liquid fuel composition of the present disclosure. Its closed cup flash point is measured to be about 65℃, and the mixed aromatic hydrocarbon content in the liquid fuel composition of the present disclosure is about 30%.
[0126] Embodiment 13
[0127] The composition of light oil components, catalytic components, bio heavy oil components, and petrochemical heavy oil components is the same as in embodiment 3.
[0128] Catalytic component / light oil component=300 (mass ratio) , based on the total mass of the final liquid fuel composition, 21.9%of the bio heavy oil component, 0.1%of the light oil component, 30%of the catalytic component, and 48%of the petrochemical heavy oil component were mixed and blended to obtain the liquid fuel composition of the present disclosure. Its closed cup flash point was measured to be about 67℃. The liquid fuel composition of the present disclosure contains a mixed aromatic hydrocarbon content of about 32%.
[0129] Embodiment 14
[0130] As the components of light oil, catalytic component, and petrochemical heavy oil, they are all the same as in embodiment 10, but the bio heavy oil component is food waste oil (gutter oil) .
[0131] Catalytic component / light oil component=100 (mass ratio) , based on the total mass of the final liquid fuel composition, bio heavy oil component is 22%, light oil component is 0.2%, catalytic component is 20%, and petrochemical heavy oil component is 57.8%, mixed and blended to obtain the liquid fuel composition of the present disclosure, and its closed cup flash point is measured to be about 70℃. The liquid fuel composition of the present disclosure contains a mixed aromatic hydrocarbon content of about 35%.
[0132] Embodiment 15
[0133] As the components of light oil, catalytic component, and petrochemical heavy oil, they are all the same as in embodiment 10, but the bio heavy oil component is food waste oil (gutter oil) .
[0134] Catalytic component / light oil component=50 (mass ratio) , the mixed oil after blending is determined to have a closed flash point greater than 60 ℃. Based on the total mass of the final liquid fuel composition, the bio heavy oil component is 17.7%, the light oil component is 0.3%, the catalytic component is 15%, and the petrochemical heavy oil component is 67%. The liquid fuel composition of the present disclosure is obtained by blending and blending, and its closed cup flash point is determined to be about 66℃. The liquid fuel composition of the present disclosure contains a mixed aromatic hydrocarbon content of about 38%.
[0135] Embodiment 16
[0136] The components of liquid fuel are as follows:
[0137] Light oil components: derived from heavy straight run naphtha, with a distillation range of 100-220℃, purified by distillation, and determined to be C8-C12 alkanes; C6-C12 alkanes mainly include: C6-C12 n-alkanes, C6-C12 isoparaffins, C6-C12 cycloalkanes;
[0138] Catalytic component: derived from refined petroleum kerosene, with a distillation range of 200-300℃, purified by distillation, and determined to be C13-C16 alkanes; C13-C16 alkanes mainly include C13-C16 n-alkanes, C13-C16 isoparaffins, and C13-C16 cycloalkanes.
[0139] Petrochemical heavy oil contains a large amount of mixed aromatic hydrocarbons, which can contain toluene / xylene / ethylbenzene / toluene / styrene butadiene / pentene, with aromatic content ranging from 1%to 80%. The mixed aromatic hydrocarbon content of the synthetic liquid fuel is between approximately 0.02-80%.
[0140] Bio heavy oil components: Jatropha curcas oil or sapindus oil Petrochemical heavy oil component: 380 #heavy oil.
[0141] Only the catalytic component is present, with no light oil component. Based on the total mass of the final liquid fuel composition, 90%of the bio heavy oil component, 0%of the light oil component, 8%of the catalytic component, and 2%of the petrochemical heavy oil component are mixed and blended to obtain the liquid fuel composition of the present disclosure. Its closed cup flash point is measured to be about 70℃. The liquid fuel composition of the present disclosure contains a mixed aromatic hydrocarbon content of about 3%.
[0142] Embodiment 17
[0143] The components of liquid fuel are as follows:
[0144] Light oil components: derived from heavy straight-run naphtha, with a distillation range of 100-220℃, purified by distillation, and determined to be C8-C12 alkanes; C6-C12 alkanes mainly include: C6-C12 n-alkanes, C6-C12 isoparaffins, C6-C12 cycloalkanes;
[0145] Catalytic component: derived from refined petroleum kerosene, with a distillation range of 200-300℃, purified by distillation, and determined to be C13-C16 alkanes; C13-C16 alkanes mainly include C13-C16 n-alkanes, C13-C16 isoparaffins, and C13-C16 cycloalkanes.
[0146] Petrochemical heavy oil contains a large amount of mixed aromatic hydrocarbons, which can contain toluene / xylene / ethylbenzene / toluene / styrene butadiene / pentene, with aromatic content ranging from 1%to 80%. The mixed aromatic hydrocarbon content of the synthetic liquid fuel is between approximately 0.02-80%.
[0147] Bio heavy oil component: palm oil.
[0148] Petrochemical heavy oil component: 180 #heavy oil.
[0149] Only the catalytic component and the light oil component are zero. Based on the total mass of the final liquid fuel composition, the bio heavy oil component is 3.5%, the catalytic component is 7.5%, and the petrochemical heavy oil component is 89%. The liquid fuel composition of the present disclosure is obtained by mixing and blending, and its closed cup flash point is measured to be about 65℃. The liquid fuel composition of the present disclosure contains a mixed aromatic hydrocarbon content of about 50%.
[0150] Embodiment 18
[0151] The components of liquid fuel are as follows:
[0152] Light oil components: derived from heavy straight-run naphtha, with a distillation range of 100-220℃, purified by distillation, and determined to be C8-C12 alkanes; C6-C12 alkanes mainly include: C6-C12 n-alkanes, C6-C12 isoparaffins, C6-C12 cycloalkanes;
[0153] Catalytic component: derived from refined petroleum kerosene, with a distillation range of 200-300℃, purified by distillation, and determined to be C13-C16 alkanes; C13-C16 alkanes mainly include C13-C16 n-alkanes, C13-C16 isoparaffins, and C13-C16 cycloalkanes.
[0154] Petrochemical heavy oil contains a large amount of mixed aromatic hydrocarbons, which can contain toluene / xylene / ethylbenzene / toluene / styrene butadiene / pentene, with aromatic content ranging from 1%to 80%. The mixed aromatic hydrocarbon content of the synthetic liquid fuel is between approximately 0.02-80%.
[0155] Bio heavy oil component: palm oil.
[0156] Petrochemical heavy oil component: 180 #heavy oil.
[0157] Catalytic component / light oil component=2000 (mass ratio) , based on the total mass of the final liquid fuel composition, bio heavy oil component 2%, light oil component 0.01%, catalytic component 20%, and petrochemical heavy oil component 77.99%were mixed and blended to obtain the liquid fuel composition of the present disclosure, and its closed cup flash point was measured to be about 65℃. The liquid fuel composition of the present disclosure contains a mixed aromatic hydrocarbon content of about 50%.
[0158] Embodiment 19
[0159] The components of liquid fuel are as follows:
[0160] Light oil components: derived from heavy straight-run naphtha, with a distillation range of 180-220℃, purified by distillation, and determined to be C10-C12 alkanes; C6-C12 alkanes mainly include: C6-C12 n-alkanes, C6-C12 isoparaffins, C6-C12 cycloalkanes;
[0161] Catalytic component: derived from refined petroleum kerosene, with a distillation range of 200-300℃, purified by distillation, and determined to be C13-C16 alkanes; C13-C16 alkanes mainly include C13-C16 n-alkanes, C13-C16 isoparaffins, and C13-C16 cycloalkanes.
[0162] Petrochemical heavy oil contains a large amount of mixed aromatic hydrocarbons, which can contain toluene / xylene / ethylbenzene / toluene / styrene butadiene / pentene, with aromatic content ranging from 1%to 80%. The mixed aromatic hydrocarbon content of the synthetic liquid fuel is between approximately 0.02-80%.
[0163] Bio heavy oil component: palm oil.
[0164] Petrochemical heavy oil component: 180 #heavy oil.
[0165] Catalytic component / light oil component=2000 (mass ratio) , based on the total mass of the final liquid fuel composition, 77.99%of the bio heavy oil component, 0.01%of the light oil component, 20%of the catalytic component, and 2%of the petrochemical heavy oil component were mixed and blended to obtain the liquid fuel composition of the present disclosure. Its closed cup flash point was measured to be about 65℃. The liquid fuel composition of the present disclosure contains a mixed aromatic hydrocarbon content of about 2%.
[0166] Ignite the liquid fuel of embodiments 10-19 in the cylinder, conduct simulated combustion experiments, and measure the cylinder pressure heat release curve. The obtained cylinder pressure heat release curve shows a smooth single peak curve, which indicates that the liquid fuel gasifies smoothly and has no knock phenomenon during combustion.
[0167] The liquid fuels of embodiments 10-19 were subjected to smoke check testing, nitrogen oxide value testing, and fuel consumption testing, and the results are shown in Table 2.
[0168] Table 2
[0169] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure and is not intended to limit the present disclosure. For those skilled in the art, the present disclosure may have various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present disclosure shall be included within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.Industrial applicability
[0170] The liquid fuel of the present disclosure replaces diesel and heavy oil and is used in various diesel engines and heavy diesel engines. It not only has the advantages of complete combustion, low pollution, and even no pollution, but also the introduction of appropriate proportions of light oil components and catalytic components enhances the safety of the fuel, making blended fuels based on bio heavy oil components able to replace diesel for diesel engines and heavy oil for heavy diesel engines. As a clean and cheap diesel substitute and heavy oil substitute, it provides more guarantee in terms of technology and market access, and more effectively makes up for the weakness of petrochemical diesel and petrochemical heavy oil in resources and costs.
Claims
1.A synthetic liquid fuel, wherein the synthetic liquid fuel consists of a light oil component composed of C6-C12 alkanes, a catalytic component composed of C13-C16 alkanes, a biological heavy oil component and a petrochemical oil component; The petrochemical oil component is either a petrochemical diesel component or a petrochemical heavy oil component;when the petrochemical oil component is a petrochemical diesel component, the content of each component is as follows: a mass fraction of the light oil component is 0-49%, and a mass of the catalytic component accounts for more than 86%of the mass of the light oil component; a mass fraction of the bio heavy oil component is 1-95%; a mass fraction of the petrochemical diesel components is 5-95%; a petrochemical diesel component contains mixed aromatic hydrocarbons, which are one or more of toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, toluene, butadiene styrene, and pentene, and a mass content of the mixed aromatic hydrocarbons accounts for 1-40%of the petrochemical diesel component; a mass fraction of mixed aromatic hydrocarbons in the synthesized liquid fuel is 0.05-40%;when the petrochemical oil component is a petrochemical heavy oil component, the content of each component is as follows: a mass fraction of the light oil component is 0-49%, and a mass of the catalytic component accounts for more than 86%of the mass of the light oil component; a mass fraction of the bio heavy oil component is 2-95%; a mass fraction of the petrochemical heavy oil component is 2-95%; The petrochemical heavy oil component contains mixed aromatic hydrocarbons, which are one or more of toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, toluene, butadiene styrene, and pentene; a mass of the mixed aromatic hydrocarbons accounts for 1-80%of the petrochemical heavy oil component; a mixed aromatic hydrocarbon mass content of the synthesized liquid fuel is 0.02-80%.2.The synthetic liquid fuel according to claim 1, wherein a mass content of the bio-heavy oil components is 50-95%.3.The synthetic liquid fuel according to claim 1, wherein the petrochemical oil component comprises a petrochemical diesel component or a petrochemical heavy oil component; when the petrochemical oil component is petrochemical diesel component, the mass content of the petrochemical diesel component is 50-95%; when the petrochemical oil component is a petrochemical heavy oil component, the mass content of the petrochemical heavy oil component is 50-95%.4.The synthetic liquid fuel according to claim 1, whereinwhen the petrochemical oil component is a petrochemical diesel component, wherein the petrochemical diesel is a mixture of one or more of National VI diesel, Euro V diesel, National III diesel, National IV diesel, and National V diesel, and the mass content of the mixed aromatic hydrocarbons contained in it accounts for 1-40%of the petrochemical diesel component, where the mass fraction of the mixed aromatic hydrocarbons in the synthetic liquid fuel is 0.05-40%;when the petrochemical oil component is a petrochemical heavy oil component, wherein the petrochemical heavy oil is a mixture of one or more of 180 #heavy oil, 240 #heavy oil, 280 #heavy oil, 350 #heavy oil, 380 #heavy oil, 500 #heavy oil, 180 #low sulfur heavy oil, 240 #low sulfur heavy oil, 280 #low sulfur heavy oil, 350 #low sulfur heavy oil, 380 #low sulfur heavy oil, 500 #low sulfur heavy oil, light cycle oil, low sulfur light cycle oil; wherein the petrochemical heavy oil component contains mixed aromatic hydrocarbons, which are one or more of toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, toluene, styrene butadiene, and pentene, and the mass of the mixed aromatic hydrocarbons accounts for 1-80%of the petrochemical heavy oil componen; wherein the mixed aromatic hydrocarbon content of the synthesized liquid fuel is 0.02-80%.5.The synthetic liquid fuel according to claim 1, wherein when the petrochemical oil component is a petrochemical diesel component, the closed cup flash point of the liquid fuel is not less than 50℃; when the petrochemical oil component is a petrochemical heavy oil component, the closed cup flash point of the liquid fuel is not less than 55℃.6.The synthetic liquid fuel according to claim 1, wherein the mass of the catalytic component accounts for 86%-10000 of the mass of the light oil component.7.The synthetic liquid fuel according to claim 1, wherein the bio-heavy oil component comprises one or more mixtures of biodiesel, vegetable oil, animal fat, oil-containing algae oil and the derivative of biological oil; among them, biodiesel includes fatty acid methyl ester and fatty acid ethyl ester; animal fats are chickens, ducks, pigs, cattle and sheep fish; Vegetable oils and fats are palm oil, cottonseed oil, soybean oil, sunflower oil, sapindus oil, rapeseed oil, castor oil, shiny-leaved yellowhorn oil, jatropha oil, peony flower fruit oil, sapium sebiferum oil; a derivative of biological oils and fats is catering waste oil.8.The synthetic liquid fuel according to claim 1, wherein the light oil component composed of the alkanes of the C6-C12 comprises a single alkane with 6-12 carbons or a mixture of two or more thereof.9.The synthetic liquid fuel according to claim 1, wherein the catalytic component of the alkane composition of C13-C16 comprises a single alkane with 13-16 carbons or a mixture of two or more thereof.10.An application of synthetic liquid fuel according to any one of claims 1-9 as fuel for diesel engines, fuel for diesel / heavy oil combustion systems, fuel for Marine diesel / heavy oil combustion systems, alternative fuel for vehicle diesel or fuel for aviation kerosene, fuel for aviation injection turbines, or fuel for diesel / heavy oil boiler combustion systems whereas the petrochemical oil component is petrochemical diesel oil component; wherein the synthetic liquid fuel has a cetane number of more than 40, which is used as high-speed diesel engine fuel, medium-speed diesel engine fuel and low-speed diesel engine fuel; the cetane number of the liquid fuel is more than 30, which is used as engine fuel for medium speed diesel engines and low-speed diesel engines; orthe cetane number is lower than 30, which is used for low speed diesel engines.11.An application of the synthetic liquid fuel according to any one of claims 1-9 as a fuel for medium and large heavy diesel engine, fuel for medium and large heavy diesel engine for ships, a fuel for medium and large heavy diesel generator engine, and a fuel for heavy oil boiler, wherein the petrochemical oil component is a petrochemical heavy oil component.
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