Wind turbine and method for generating electric energy

Abstract

The invention relates to a wind turbine having a rotational body and wind generators, the rotational body being spherical or toroidal and having, on its surface, non-continuous openings comprising flaps, or having flaps located directly on the rotational body, and the rotational body being mounted rotatably about the x-axis and / or y-axis and / or z-axis via at least two mounting devices each having two opposing wind generators. The invention also relates to a method for generating electric energy using a wind turbine of this kind.

Description

[0001] WIND TURBINE AND METHOD FOR ELECTRIC ENERGY GENERATION

[0002] The invention relates to a wind turbine and a method for generating electrical energy.

[0003] The invention is applicable in industry to utilize wind energy in electrical power generation.

[0004] A preferred field of application of the invention is the installation of the wind turbines according to the invention wherever the installation of conventional wind turbines with rotor blades is not possible or not desired.

[0005] Generating electrical energy from natural sources through the rotation of the rotors of a conventional wind turbine plays an economic and ecological role in the development of the country today, but there are problems such as limiting the use of the turbine on one axis and its orientation in three-dimensional space, as well as difficulties such as yaw tracking and determining suitable wind speeds.

[0006] Wind turbines have long been known in a variety of designs. In conventional wind turbines, the kinetic energy of the wind is converted into rotation around an axis, which generates electrical energy. This limits the use of conventional turbines to a single axis.

[0007] With these well-known wind turbines, the turbine must face the wind, and when the wind direction changes, the nacelle and rotor blades must realign. This involves the nacelle and rotor blades rotating around the tower to adjust their alignment, which results in a time delay and stress on the mechanical components.

[0008] DE 10 2008 054 126 A1 discloses a rotor for a wind turbine, comprising a rotor body rotatable about a rotational axis and having, in the direction of this rotational axis, an upper cap region, a central region, and a lower cap region. The cap regions are essentially structurally identical. Each cap region has three identical cap blades. The central region has three first blades and three second blades. The blades are defined by a spherical surface of a sphere with radius R. The invention is based on the object of creating a wind turbine that is simple and inexpensive to manufacture, effective to install and operate, and avoids the disadvantages of conventional wind turbines with rotor blades.

[0009] The invention is further based on the object of providing a method for generating electrical energy with which wind power can be optimally utilized regardless of the wind direction.

[0010] The invention is defined by the independent claims. Further embodiments of the invention emerge from the subclaims and the following description.

[0011] The invention particularly relates to a wind turbine with a rotating body and wind generators, wherein the rotating body is spherical or toroidal (or donut-shaped) and has on its surface non-through openings with flaps or flaps arranged directly on the rotating body and the rotating body is rotatably mounted about the x-, and / or y-, and / or z-axis via at least two mounting devices, each with two opposite wind generators.

[0012] According to one embodiment, the wind turbine is mounted on a base body in such a way that the degrees of freedom of rotation to the right and left, tilting to the right and left, and tilting forward and backward are possible. Preferably, the mounting devices are arranged on a hemispherical surface, and the dimensions of a hemisphere correspond to an opening in the base body.

[0013] According to a further embodiment, it is provided that the openings are designed to be closable with movable flaps, wherein the flaps are preferably opened and closed in a controlled manner by motors arranged in the openings or in the interior of the rotating body.

[0014] According to a further embodiment, it is provided that the holding devices can be moved in the direction of the coordinate origin in a controlled manner via stepper motors in order to couple or uncouple to the rotation body.

[0015] According to a further embodiment, the wind generators are connectable to the rotating body via shafts and gears. Another aspect of the invention relates to a method for generating electrical energy using the wind turbine described above. The method comprises the following steps:

[0016] Determination of the wind direction in X, Y or Z directions; translational movement of two wind generators perpendicular to the wind direction towards the center of the wind turbine;

[0017] Connection of the drive shafts of the opposite wind generators to the rotating body; and

[0018] Transfer of the rotation of the rotating body to the shafts of the two wind generators to generate electrical energy.

[0019] Depending on the wind direction, the flaps can be opened or closed.

[0020] A further embodiment of the wind turbine provides that two mounting devices are fastened to a base body, and between the mounting devices a rotating body with flaps arranged on its surface is arranged, wherein a wind generator is arranged between each mounting device and the rotating body, and the rotating body has a partially liquid-filled chamber and at least one turbine with a generator in its interior. The base body can be movably integrated into a rail system, wherein the rail system preferably has intersecting rails, a turntable is arranged in the intersection region of the intersecting rails, and the base body can be rotated about the vertical axis via the turntable. The flaps can have an upper part and the flaps can be opened or closed under the control of motors.The mounting devices can also be designed to be telescopic to lower or raise the rotating body. Furthermore, the rotating body and / or other parts of the wind turbine can be equipped with solar panels.

[0021] With the wind turbine described in the previous section, a method for generating electrical energy can be carried out which comprises the following process steps:

[0022] - transmission of the rotation of the rotating body to shafts of two wind generators arranged between support devices and the rotating body for the first generation of electrical energy; and

[0023] - Transfer of the gravitational energy of the fluid inside the rotating body to turbines with generators for secondary electrical energy generation. Depending on the wind direction and operating conditions, flaps can be fully or partially opened or closed.

[0024] The present invention accordingly relates to a wind turbine with a rotating body that can rotate about the X- and / or Y- and / or Z-axis, wherein the wind turbine is designed to be rotatable in two- or three-dimensional space in order to achieve the optimal angle for alignment and maximize energy generation. Thus, the present invention provides several axes that can be aligned autonomously.

[0025] The drive shafts of the wind generators (or electric generators) arranged in holding devices can be connected directly to the rotating body by translational movement using linear motors via a gear box in order to convert the kinetic energy of the wind mass flow into rotational energy and generate electrical energy.

[0026] The rotating body is located inside the wind turbine and is connected to two wind generators, each on one axis, via two gearboxes during operation.

[0027] The inventive design of the wind turbine and the rotating body is suitable for both natural and artificial energy sources and for the wind mass flows resulting from industrial processes due to the flexible orientation in three dimensions.

[0028] A particular advantage of the invention is that wind power is optimally utilized, regardless of the wind direction, by the wind turbine comprising a rotating body and wind generators. The rotating body is spherical or toroidal and has non-through openings with flaps on its surface or flaps arranged directly on the rotating body. The rotating body is mounted for rotation about the X, Y, or Z axis via movable mounting devices, each of which houses two opposing wind generators.

[0029] According to one embodiment, the openings are designed to be closable with movable flaps. For particularly effective use of wind power, the wind turbine can be mounted on a base body in such a way that the degrees of freedom of rotation to the right and left, tilting to the right and left, and tilting forward and backward are possible.

[0030] Particularly reliable operation of the wind turbine can be achieved by moving the mounting devices towards the coordinate origin via stepper motors in order to couple or uncouple them to the rotating body.

[0031] The wind generators can be connected to the rotating body via shafts and gears.

[0032] The wind turbine can be designed to be rotatable in three-dimensional space, wherein the base plate is hemispherical, and wherein the mounting devices are arranged on the hemispherical surface and the hemisphere corresponds with its dimensions to an opening in the base body.

[0033] The process for generating electrical energy using a wind turbine with a spherically shaped rotating body can implement the following process steps:

[0034] Determination of the wind direction in X, Y or Z direction, translational movement of two wind generators perpendicular to the wind direction towards the wind turbine centre, connection of the drive shafts of the opposite wind generators with the rotating body, and

[0035] Transfer of the rotation of the rotating body to the shafts of the two wind generators and generation of electrical energy.

[0036] The utilization of wind power can be optimized by fully or partially opening or closing the flaps arranged in front of openings on the rotating body, depending on the wind direction.

[0037] The present invention can further relate to a wind turbine with a rotating body that can rotate around the axis of the outer wind generators, wherein the entire wind turbine is designed to be rotatable in order to find the optimal wind direction for alignment and maximize energy generation. Such a wind turbine generates electrical energy in two different ways: firstly, through the outer wind generators based on the rotation of the rotating body, and additionally through inner turbines with generators based on the movement of a fluid inside the rotating body.

[0038] The inventive design of the wind turbine and the rotating body is suitable for all wind energy sources.

[0039] Wind power can be harnessed twice, regardless of wind direction, by the wind turbine comprising a rotating body arranged between two support devices attached to a base body, with flaps arranged on its surface. An external wind generator for generating a first amount of electrical energy is arranged between each support device and the rotating body, and the rotating body has a partially fluid-filled chamber inside it, as well as at least one turbine with a generator for generating a second amount of electrical energy. The external wind generators can be connected to the rotating body via shafts with or without gears. Each turbine mounted inside the partially fluid-filled chamber is connected to a generator and represents a small hydroelectric power plant.

[0040] A further advantageous design allows for even more flexible alignment and positioning of the wind turbine by integrating the base body into a rotatable and movable rail system. The entire wind turbine is designed to rotate around its vertical axis via a turntable, which both provides wind tracking and acts as a bridge between two intersecting rails.

[0041] The wind turbine can be transported from location to location thanks to the installed rails. Compared to conventional systems, this method is sustainable, safe, and cost-effective, as the turbine can operate autonomously, eliminating the need to close roads and posing no danger to traffic.

[0042] According to a further embodiment, the flaps are opened and closed by motors, allowing for optimal use of wind power. The utilization of wind power is optimized by opening or closing the flaps completely or partially depending on the wind direction and the position of the rotating bodies.

[0043] The number of flaps can vary, at least one upper flap is active in the wind direction.

[0044] The upper part of the flap can be opened or closed depending on the operating status. The two halves can be folded inward or outward, or closed or opened.

[0045] It's also advantageous if the wind turbine's height is adjustable, with telescopic mounting devices allowing the rotating body to be lowered or raised. Raising the rotor is used, for example, to find suitable wind speeds. Lowering the rotor is used for repairs, transport, or in adverse weather conditions.

[0046] Another advantage for the effective use of wind power is when the surface of the rotating body has no edges or corners, for example by making the rotating body torus-shaped. The rotating body then has the shape of a donut, for example, and the electrically controlled flaps designed as rotor blades can be opened and closed depending on the operating state. The rotating body is then connected to two wind generators at the center via mounting devices and rotated about the vertical axis via a turntable. The upper rotor blade faces the wind, while the lower rotor blade faces away from the wind. This means that the lower rotor blade has low wind resistance, while the upper rotor blade has higher wind resistance.

[0047] Additional electrical energy can be generated by equipping the rotating body and / or other parts of the wind turbine with solar elements.

[0048] Economical operation of the wind turbine with the highest possible energy yield can be achieved by carrying out the following process steps:

[0049] — transferring the rotation of the rotating body to the shafts of two wind generators arranged between support devices and the rotating body, and realising a first generation of electrical energy; and — transferring the gravitational energy of a fluid inside the rotating body to turbines with generators, and realising a second generation of electrical energy.

[0050] The realization of the secondary generation of electrical energy using turbines with generators works in such a way that, for example, water flows in the opposite direction of rotation of the rotating body, hits the runners or turbine blades of the turbines, and sets them in rotation. Inside the rotating body, the water flows through the runners or turbine blades, and the pressure force exerted by the water, or the mechanical energy, is converted into electrical energy via the generators. The choice of turbine type and the design of the runner or turbine blade is flexible and can be adapted to the specific conditions.

[0051] The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments, at least partially illustrated in the figures. They show:

[0052] Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wind turbine according to the invention with a spherical rotating body according to a first embodiment

[0053] Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the axes of the spherical rotation body according to the first embodiment of Fig. 1

[0054] Fig. 3 is a detailed view of the rotating body according to the first embodiment of Fig. 1

[0055] Fig. 4 a detailed view of the base body according to the first embodiment of Fig. 1

[0056] Fig. 5 is a view of the position of the flaps depending on the wind direction according to the first embodiment of Fig. 1

[0057] Fig. 6 is a view of the shafts of the wind generators with gearbox according to the first embodiment of Fig. 1. Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a wind turbine according to the invention with a rotating body arranged between two holding devices according to a second embodiment.

[0058] Fig. 8 is a sectional view through the rotating body with three generators according to the second embodiment;

[0059] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the multi-site rail system for the wind turbine according to the second embodiment; and

[0060] Fig. 10 is a detailed view of the flap with upper part according to the second embodiment.

[0061] Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a wind turbine according to the invention with a spherical rotating body according to a first embodiment. As can be seen from Fig. 1, the wind turbine 1 comprises a base plate 3 on which four holding devices 9 are arranged. The holding devices 9 are connected to the base plate 3 via stepper motors 6, which move the holding devices 9 in a controlled manner toward the center of the base plate 3 or the coordinate origin 12.

[0062] In the upper part of the holding devices 9, wind generators 7 are arranged, which can be coupled to the rotating body 2 via gears 8. Thus, two wind generators 7 are positioned opposite each other on each axis, as shown in detail in Fig. 6.

[0063] To realize the coupling of the wind generators in the Z-axis, a holding device 9 has an angled holding arm 9a, at the front end 9b of which, facing the rotating body 2, a wind generator 7 is arranged.

[0064] Opposite below the rotating body 2, at the other end of the Z-axis, there is a second wind generator 7. The wind generators 7 on the Z-axis can also be moved in the direction of the rotating body 2 via drives.

[0065] Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the holding devices 9 on the hemispherical surface 3a of the base plate 3 as well as the axes of the spherical rotation body 2. Also shown is the hemisphere 3c, which is responsible for realizing the degrees of freedom of rotation: right and left rotation, right and left side tilting, and forward and backward tilting.

[0066] Fig. 3 shows a detailed view of the rotating body 2 with the openings 4, the gears 8 and solar cells 11.

[0067] On the surface of the rotating body 2, perpendicular to the respective axes X, Y and Z, there are the symmetrical, non-through openings 4, in which small motors are located that control the opening angle of the flaps 5.

[0068] The openings 4 are provided with flaps 5, as shown in Fig. 5. The flaps 5, formed from plates in the present embodiment, are opened or closed in a controlled manner depending on the wind direction, wherein the movement of the flaps 5 is effected by motors (not shown in the figures) which are arranged in the openings 4 or in the interior of the rotating body 2.

[0069] A detailed view of the base body 3b is shown in Fig. 4. In the present embodiment, the base body 3b is made of a solid, resilient material and has an opening 3d for receiving the hemisphere 3c. The dimensions of the hemisphere 3c correspond to the opening 3d in the base body 3b. The design of the base body 3b with the opening 3d allows the wind turbine 1 to be aligned according to its position in space in order to optimally position the rotating body 2.

[0070] A view of the shafts of the wind generators 7 with gearbox 8 on the axes X, Y and Z is shown in Fig. 6.

[0071] The wind direction in X, Y or Z direction is determined by sensors, as a result of which two wind generators 7, which are perpendicular to the wind direction, move translationally towards the center point 13 of the system in order to connect the drive shafts of the wind generators 7 to the rotating body 2 and to transfer the rotation of the rotating body 2 to the shafts of the two wind generators 7.

[0072] When the wind turbine 1 is in operation, the shafts of two opposite wind generators 7 are connected to the rotating body 2 of one of the axes X, Y, Z, respectively, and the flaps 5, as shown in Fig. 5, open to convert the pressure force of the wind mass flow into rotation of the rotating body 2.

[0073] Three different operating processes are described below.

[0074] Case 1 :

[0075] The rotating body 2 is connected to the wind generators 7 on the X-axis. If the wind direction changes, the opposing flaps 5 on the surface of the rotating body 2 close. Then, according to sensor data, the horizontal wind generators 7 on the Y-axis or the vertical wind generators 7 on the Z-axis move toward the turbine center 13 and connect to the rotating body 2. The wind generators 7 on the X-axis leave their current position, the opposing flaps 5 on the surface of the rotating body 2 open in the wind direction, and the rotating body 2 begins to rotate.

[0076] Case 2:

[0077] The rotating body 2 is connected to the wind generators 7 on the Y-axis. If the wind direction changes, the opposing flaps 5 on the surface of the rotating body 2 close. Then, according to sensor data, the horizontal wind generators 7 on the X-axis or the vertical wind generators 7 on the Z-axis move toward the turbine center 13 and connect to the rotating body 2. The wind generators 7 on the Y-axis leave their current position, the opposing flaps 5 on the surface of the rotating body 2 open in the wind direction, and the rotating body 2 begins to rotate.

[0078] Case 3:

[0079] The rotating body 2 is connected to the wind generators 7 on the Z-axis. If the wind direction changes, the opposing flaps 5 on the surface of the rotating body 2 close. Then, according to sensor data, the horizontal wind generators 7 on the X-axis or the horizontal wind generators 7 on the Y-axis move toward the turbine center 13 and connect to the rotating body 2. The wind generators 7 on the Z-axis leave their current position, the opposing flaps 5 on the surface of the rotating body 2 open in the wind direction, and the rotating body 2 begins to rotate. At very high wind speeds, the opening or opening angle of the flaps 5 can be controlled by the motors to slow the rotation of the rotating body 2 in critical situations to avert danger.

[0080] To supplement the energy source "wind energy" and to supply the electrical components such as sensors and motors with power, solar cells 11 are installed on the surface of the rotating body 2.

[0081] The components of the wind turbine 1, the rotating body 2, and the base body 3b are mobile, removable, and can be replaced as needed. During operation of the wind turbine 1, vibrations and noise can be generated by the rotation of the rotating body 2, which can be minimized by dampers and bearings.

[0082] Since the rotating body 2 is located inside the wind turbine 1 and is surrounded by four holding devices, the risk of falling is eliminated, in contrast to conventional wind turbines, where the rotor blades can cause enormous damage and danger if they fall.

[0083] Fig. 7 shows a second embodiment of the wind turbine 1 according to the invention.

[0084] As can be seen from Fig. 7, the wind turbine 1 comprises a base body 14 on which two mounting devices 9 are arranged. A rotating body 2 is arranged between the mounting devices 9, which has flaps 5. The flaps 5 have an upper part 5a, which can be opened or closed in a controlled manner, depending on the operating state.

[0085] The two halves of the upper part 5a of the flaps 5 can be folded inward or outward, or closed or opened. The upper part 5a of the flaps 5 is shown in Fig. 10.

[0086] The mounting devices 9 are connected to the rotating body 2 via wind generators 7. As soon as the wind sets the rotating body 2 in rotation via the flaps 5, initial electrical energy is generated via the wind generators 7. The mounting devices 9 are telescopically designed. The wind generators 7 are arranged in the upper part of the mounting devices 9 and can be coupled to the rotating body 2 directly or via gears.

[0087] The base body 14 is rotatably and slidably integrated into a rail system 18. The wind turbine 1 can be transported from location to location thanks to the installed rails 18a, 18b.

[0088] The entire wind turbine 1 is designed to be rotatable about the vertical axis via a turntable 20, whereby the turntable 20 ensures wind tracking on the one hand and acts as a bridge between two crossing rails 18a, 18b on the other hand.

[0089] Fig. 8 shows a sectional view of the internal structure of the rotating body 2. In the present embodiment, a liquid 15, for example, water, is located in a chamber 16. Furthermore, three turbines with generators 17 with impellers or turbine blades 17a are arranged inside the rotating body 2 in the chamber 16 in the present embodiment.

[0090] If the flaps 5 on the rotating body 2 are now subjected to wind, the rotating body 2 begins to rotate. The fluid 15, in this embodiment water, now flows in the opposite direction of rotation of the rotating body 2, impacts the impellers or turbine blades 17a, and sets them in rotation. In this way, a second generation of electrical energy is realized via the three turbines with generators 17.

[0091] Fig. 9 shows a schematic diagram of the rail system 18 with multiple locations for the wind turbines 1. In the present embodiment, a total of four turntables 19 are shown, into which the wind turbine 1 can be retracted via the base body 14. The rail system 18 can be expanded as required.

[0092] The wind turbine 1 can be transported from location to location thanks to the installed rails 18a, 18b. Compared to conventional systems, this method is more sustainable, safe, and cost-effective, as the system can operate autonomously, no roads need to be closed, and there is no danger to traffic. The invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiments. Rather, it is possible to realize further embodiments by combining and varying the means and features presented without departing from the scope of the invention.

[0093] List of reference symbols

[0094] 1 wind turbine (WKA)

[0095] 2 rotation bodies (RK)

[0096] 3 Base plate

[0097] 3a Hemispherical surface

[0098] 3b Basic body

[0099] 3c Hemisphere

[0100] 3d opening in the base body

[0101] 4 non-through openings

[0102] 5 flaps

[0103] 5a upper part of the flaps

[0104] 6 linear motor

[0105] 7 wind generator

[0106] 8 gearboxes

[0107] 9 Mounting device

[0108] 10 Wind mass flow

[0109] 11 solar cells on the surface of the rotating bodies

[0110] 12 Origin of coordinates

[0111] 13 Plant center

[0112] 14 basic bodies

[0113] 15 liquid

[0114] 16 chambers

[0115] 17 Turbine with generator

[0116] 17a Impellers or turbine blades

[0117] 18 rail system

[0118] 18a, 18b rails

[0119] 19, 20 turntables

Claims

PATENT CLAIMS 1. Wind turbine (1) with a rotating body (2) and wind generators (7), characterized in that the rotating body (2) is spherical or toroidal and has non-through openings (4) with flaps (5) on its surface or flaps (5) arranged directly on the rotating body (2), and the rotating body (2) is mounted so as to be rotatable about the x-, and / or y-, and / or z-axis via at least two mounting devices (9), each with two opposite wind generators (7).

2. Wind turbine (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the wind turbine (1) is mounted on a base body (3b) in such a way that the degrees of freedom of rotation to the right and left, tilting to the right and left sideways and tilting forwards and backwards can be realized.

3. Wind turbine (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the openings (4) are designed to be closable with movable flaps (5), wherein the flaps (5) are preferably opened and closed in a controlled manner by motors arranged in the openings (4) or in the interior of the rotating body (2).

4. Wind turbine (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holding devices (9) can be moved in the direction of the coordinate origin (12) in a controlled manner via stepper motors (6) in order to couple or uncouple them to the rotating body (2).

5. Wind turbine (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wind generators (7) can be connected to the rotating body (2) via shafts and gears (8).

6. Wind turbine (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the holding devices (9) are arranged on a hemisphere surface (3a) and a hemisphere (3c) corresponds with its dimensions to an opening (3d) in the base body (3a).

7. Wind turbine (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that two holding devices (9) are fastened to a base body (14) and between the holding devices (9) a rotating body (2) with flaps (5) arranged on its surface is arranged, wherein between the holding devices (9) and the rotating body (2) a wind generator (7) is arranged, and the rotating body (2) has in its interior a chamber (16) partially filled with liquid (15) and at least one turbine with generator (17).

8. Wind turbine (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that the base body (14) is slidably integrated into a rail system (18), wherein the rail system (18) preferably has intersecting rails (18a, 18b), a turntable (19, 20) is arranged in the intersection region of the intersecting rails (18a, 18b), and the base body (14) is rotatable about the vertical axis via the turntable (19, 20).

9. Wind turbine (1) according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the flaps (5) have an upper part (5a) and the flaps (5) are opened or closed in a controlled manner by motors.

10. Wind turbine (1) according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the holding devices (9) are designed telescopically in order to lower or raise the rotating body (2).

11. Wind turbine (1) according to one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the rotating body (2) and / or further parts of the wind turbine (1) are equipped with solar elements.

12. A method for generating electrical energy by means of a wind turbine (1) according to claim 1, comprising the method steps: Determination of the wind direction in X, Y or Z direction; translational movement of two wind generators (7) perpendicular to the wind direction towards the wind turbine center (13); Connection of the drive shafts of the opposite wind generators (7) to the rotating body (2); and Transfer of the rotation of the rotating body (2) to the shafts of the two wind generators (7) to generate electrical energy.

13. Method according to claim 12, characterized in that flaps (5) arranged on the rotating body (2) are opened or closed depending on the wind direction.

14. A method for generating electrical energy by means of a wind turbine (1) according to claim 7, comprising the method steps: - transmission of the rotation of the rotating body (2) to shafts of two wind generators (7) arranged between support devices (9) and the rotating body (2) for the first generation of electrical energy; and - Transfer of the gravitational energy of a fluid (15) inside the rotating body (2) to turbines with generators (17) for the second generation of electrical energy.

15. Method according to claim 14, characterized in that flaps (5) are fully or partially opened or closed depending on the wind direction and the operating state.

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