Harness system

Abstract

A system is provided having a dog harness, a biasing member and a pole member. The harness comprises a mounting surface capable of coupling to the biasing member. The biasing member has a first portion coupled to the mounting surface, and a second portion coupled to the pole member. The pole member extends along a longitudinal pole axis, wherein the pole member has a proximal end pivotably coupled to the biasing member and a distal end. A coupling mechanism is located at the distal end for coupling to a leash.

Description

HARNESS SYSTEMCROSS-REFERENCE

[0001] This application is a non-provisional of, and claims benefit of, including priority to, U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 640,456, filed on April 30, 2024, entitled “Harness Apparatus”, incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The disclosure relates generally to animal handling equipment, and more particularly to harnesses.BACKGROUND

[0003] When a handler takes a dog for a walk, a leash or lead is typically connected to a handling device such as a harness or collar. As the distance between the dog and the handler increases, the leash will become taut, such as when the dog pulls on the leash. However, as the distance between the dog and the handler reduces, the leash will sag in response to the loss of tension and become tangled in the dog’s feet. Given that the risk of the leash getting tangled in the dog’s feet can lead to potential injury to the dog and the handler, an improved harness system may be desired.SUMMARY

[0004] In one aspect, the disclosure describes a dog walking system comprising a dog harness, a biasing member, a pole member and a coupling mechanism. The dog harness contains a mounting surface which is coupled to a first portion of the biasing member. The biasing member contains a second portion, opposing the first portion, for coupling to a proximal end of the pole member. The pole member extends along a longitudinal pole axis to a distal end. The coupling mechanism is located at the distal end of the pole member and is configured for coupling with a leash or lead.

[0005] In some embodiments, the pole member is pivotably mounted for angular motion of the longitudinal pole axis within a universal swing plane in a range of ±angle relative to an axis orthogonal to the mounting surface of the dog harness. In a further embodiment, the pole member is pivotably mounted to rotate about the longitudinal pole axis in a range of ±angle a. In a further embodiment, the mounting surface is located on a back portion of the dog harness, wherein the first portion of the biasing member is pivotably coupled to the mounting surface of the dog harnessby a biasing joint for angular rotation about an axis orthogonal to the mounting surface of the dog harness.

[0006] In some embodiments, the biasing joint comprises any one of: a ball and socket joint, a hinge joint, a pivot joint, a saddle joint, and a clasp and hoop.

[0007] In some embodiments, a safety cable couples the mounting surface and the pole member. In a further embodiment, the safety cable is located within a circumference of the biasing member and the safety cable has a longitudinal length about equal to the longitudinal length of the biasing member when expanded.

[0008] In some embodiments, a safety cable couples the mounting surface to the coupling mechanism. In a further embodiment, the safety cable is defined within an interior channel of the biasing member and an interior channel of the pole member. In a further embodiment, when the safety cable imparts a force on the pole member that is perpendicular to the longitudinal pole axis of the pole member, the pole member is configured to angularly bias away from the longitudinal pole axis.

[0009] In some embodiments, the first portion of the biasing member is permanently coupled to the mounting surface.

[0010] In some embodiments, the biasing member is releasably coupled to the mounting surface.

[0011] In some embodiments, the biasing member is configured to bias the pole member to a resting position where the longitudinal axis of the pole member is at an angle <|) relative to the mounting surface. In a further embodiment, the angle <|) is about 90 degrees.

[0012] In some embodiments, the coupling mechanism comprises a loop, tab or hook configured for coupling to a clasp.

[0013] In some embodiments, the pole member comprises a flexible and resilient material for bending the pole member. In some embodiments, the biasing member is one or more of a coil, a spring, an elastic material and a hydraulic damper.

[0014] In some embodiments, the biasing member is configured to transition between a first position and a second position, wherein in the first position the biasing member is in a contracted state and in the second position the biasing member is in an expanded state, and wherein thebiasing member transitions from the first position and second position when a tensile force is exerted on the biasing member.

[0015] In some embodiments, the pole member is a rigid pole for maintaining a linear shape under a moment of a force exerted by the leash or lead.

[0016] In some embodiments, the pole member defines a cavity enclosing at least a portion of the biasing member. In a further embodiment, the portion of the biasing member enclosed by the cavity is larger when the biasing member is in the contracted state.

[0017] In some embodiments, the system comprises a first biasing member having a proximal end coupled to the mounting surface, and a second biasing member having a distal end coupled to the pole member, and wherein a distal end of the first biasing member is coupled to a proximal end of the second biasing member. In a further embodiment, the first biasing member and the second biasing member have different stiffness values. In a further embodiment, at least a portion of the second biasing member is enclosed by a cavity within the pole member.

[0018] In another aspect, the disclosure describes a dog walking system comprising a dog harness, a pole member and a coupling mechanism. The dog harness contains a mounting surface for coupling to a proximal end of the pole member. The pole member extends along a longitudinal pole axis to a distal end opposing the proximal end, and contains a flexible and resilient portion proximal to the proximal end. The coupling mechanism is located at the distal end of the pole member and is configured for coupling with a leash or lead.

[0019] In some embodiments, the proximal end of the first portion is pivotably mounted to the mounting surface for angular motion of the longitudinal pole axis within a universal swing plane in a range of ±angle relative to an axis orthogonal to the mounting surface of the dog harness.

[0020] In some embodiments, the second portion of the pole member is a rigid portion for maintaining a linear shape under a moment of a force exerted by the leash or lead.

[0021] In some embodiments, the proximal end of the first portion comprises any one of: a ball and socket joint, a hinge joint, a pivot joint, a saddle joint, and a clasp and hoop.

[0022] In some embodiments, the coupling mechanism comprises a loop, tab or hook configured for coupling to a clasp.

[0023] In some embodiments, the first portion and the second portion are made of the same material, and wherein the thickness of the first portion is less than the thickness of the second portion.

[0024] In some embodiments, the first portion is made of a first material, and the second portion is made of a second material, and wherein the thickness of the first portion is equal to or less than the thickness of the second portion.

[0025] In some embodiments, the pole member is made of one or more of a material selected from the group of plastic, rubber, metal, carbon fiber, and / or silicone.

[0026] In some embodiments, the system further comprises a safety cable coupling the mounting surface and the pole member. In a further embodiment, the safety cable is located within a circumference of the pole member and the safety cable has a longitudinal length about equal to the longitudinal length of the pole member when expanded.

[0027] In some embodiments, the system further comprises a safety cable coupling the mounting surface to the coupling mechanism. In a further embodiment, the safety cable is defined within an interior channel of the pole member. In a further embodiment, the safety cable imparts a force on the pole member that is perpendicular to the longitudinal pole axis of the pole member, the pole member is configured to angularly bias away from the longitudinal pole axis.

[0028] Embodiments may include combinations of the above features.

[0029] Further details of these and other aspects of the subject matter of this application will be apparent from the detailed description included below and the drawings.DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Reference is now made to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0031] FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of the harness system while coupled to a leash, according to some embodiments.

[0032] FIG. 2A shows a perspective view of a dog wearing the harness system under tension while coupled to a leash, according to some embodiments.

[0033] FIG. 2B shows a perspective view of a dog wearing the harness system while coupled to a leash, according to some embodiments.

[0034] FIG. 2C shows a cutaway view of the pole member and biasing member with a safety cable defined within an interior channel, according to some embodiments.

[0035] FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of the harness system with the pole member biased at an angle relative to the mounting member, according to some embodiments.

[0036] FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of the assembly with a rigid pole member, according to some embodiments.

[0037] FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of the assembly with a flexible pole member, according to some embodiments.

[0038] FIG. 6 shows a perspective view of the assembly being decoupled from the harness mounting surface, according to some embodiments.

[0039] FIGs. 7A and 7B show a perspective view of the biasing member transitioning from a compressed (FIG. 7A) to an expanded position (FIG. 7B), according to some embodiments.

[0040] FIG. 8A shows a perspective view of the assembly with a hollow pole member, and FIG. 8B shows a section view of the hollow pole member along the line 8B-8B encompassing the biasing member, according to some embodiments.

[0041] FIGs. 9A and 9B show a perspective view of the hollow pole member encompassing the biasing member in a compressed (FIG. 9A) and expanded (FIG. 9B) position, according to some embodiments.

[0042] FIG. 9C shows a perspective view of the hollow pole member encompassing the biasing member in a compressed position with a safety cable included, according to some embodiments.

[0043] FIG. 9D shows a perspective view of the harness system while coupled to a leash with a safety cable included, according to some embodiments.

[0044] FIG. 9E shows a perspective view of the harness system with a safety cable included, according to some embodiments.

[0045] FIG. 9F shows a perspective view of the harness system under tension while coupled to a leash with a safety cable included, according to some embodiments.

[0046] FIGs. 10A and 10B show perspective views of the assembly with the biasing member comprising two separate sections, according to some embodiments.

[0047] FIGs. 11 A and 11 B show a perspective view of the assembly with a pole member having a first and second portion, according to some embodiments.

[0048] FIG. 12A shows a perspective view of the assembly with a pole member having a first and second portion pivoting about the mounting surface, according to some embodiments.

[0049] FIGs. 12B and 12C show a perspective view of the first and second portion of the pole member having different thicknesses, according to some embodiments.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] Aspects of various embodiments are described through reference to the drawings.

[0051] In a preferred embodiment, a harness system 100 is provided which is capable of maintaining the leash 118 (also referred to herein as a lead) away from an animal’s feet, e.g. a dog. This disclosure references a harness system suitable for a dog; however, the harness system may be adapted for use with other animals. Harness system 100 of FIG. 1 contains a harness 102 which may be worn by a dog, and an assembly 101 which extends upwards from harness 102. Harness 102 is coupled to a coupling mechanism 116 which allows a leash 118 to couple to assembly 101. A second portion 110 of biasing member 106 is coupled to proximal end 122 of pole member 112. Pole member 112 may be coupled to biasing member 106 by a pivotable coupling to allow for angular motion in a universal swing plane. Pole member 112 may be coupled to the leash 118 by coupling mechanism 116. Coupling mechanism 116 may also be coupled to a safety cable 105 which runs through an interior channel of the pole member 112 and biasing member 106. In an example, as the distance between the handler and dog reduces during a walk, such as when the dog stops or slows down, biasing member 106 may maintain tension with leash 118 such that pole member 112 maintains the leash 118 at a distance substantially away from the dog’s feet for reducing tripping hazards and / or tangling of the leash 118 and the dog’s legs. Continuing the example, as the dog is being walked, tension from the leash is applied to assembly 101 to tilt pole member 112 about its coupling point with the harness 102, e.g. mounting surface 104. Mounting surface 104 may be a rigid surface capable of coupling with first portion 108 of biasing member 106. When the dog stops, tension applied to assembly 101 decreases so that biasing member 106 forces pole member 112 into a relatively more upright position to pull leash 118 away from the dog’s legs.

[0052] In an embodiment, harness 102 may be a device worn by a dog which allows a handler to maintain control of the dog during a walk. Common harnesses include collars, vests or muzzles. The harness 102 may be adjustable such that as the dog grows the harness can be loosened to compensate for the growth.

[0053] In an embodiment, leash 118 may be a cord or rope which allows the handler to direct or steer the dog. Leash 118 may be a constant length or may be retractable. Leash 118 may be a natural or synthetic fabric including nylon, cotton, plastic, polyester, or the like.

[0054] In an embodiment, pole member 112 may be a circular or square cross-sectioned rod which extends along a longitudinal pole axis 114. Pole member 112 may have a distal end 120 and a proximal end 122 for coupling pole member 112 to the leash 118 and a biasing member 106, respectively. Pole member 112 may contain a coupling mechanism 116 at distal end 120 of pole member 112 which allows leash 118 to be coupled and decoupled from assembly 101. Coupling mechanism 116 may be a loop, tab, hook or the like which is capable of coupling to a standard leash clasp, toggle or closure. In some embodiments, pole member 112 defines a hollow volume. In other embodiments, pole member 112 is solid. Proximal end 122 of pole member 112 may be coupled to biasing member 106 and mounting surface 104 in various ways. In an example, pole member 112 is directly coupled to biasing member 106 which is coupled to mounting surface 104. Pole member 112 may be pivotable relative to mounting surface 104 as biasing member 106 may allow angular movement of pole member 112 relative to a resting position universally in any direction, i.e. in a universal swing plane 124. Pole member 112 may also be configured for rotational movement about the longitudinal pole axis 114.

[0055] Universal swing plane 124 may be the plane of angular movement which the pole member 112 may be capable of achieving as it tilts from its resting position. As shown in FIG. 1 , universal swing plane 124 may be 360° about an axis orthogonal to a mounting surface 128, or another angled resting position, such that pole member 112 may move freely about the pivotable coupling with second portion 110 of biasing member 106. The movement of pole member 112 within the universal swing plane 124 may be restricted to a range of ±angle p. The range of ±angle may be between 0° and 180°, but preferably may be 90°.

[0056] Biasing member 106 may have a first portion 108 for coupling to a mounting surface 104, and a second portion 110 for coupling to proximal end 122 of pole member 112. Biasing member 106 may be resilient and flexible such that it is capable of elastic deformation when a force isexerted by the leash 118 on assembly 101. For example, biasing member 106 may be a coil, a spring, an elastic material, a hydraulic damper or the like. In an example, first portion of biasing member 106 may be directly coupled to mounting surface 104. In other examples, biasing member 106 may be indirectly coupled to mounting surface 104. For example, first portion 108 of biasing member 106 may be coupled to mounting surface 104 by biasing joint 132 which may allow angular rotation of biasing member 106 relative to axis orthogonal to mounting surface 128. Biasing joint 132 may be a ball and socket joint, a hinge joint, a pivot joint, a saddle joint, a clasp and hoop or the like.

[0057] In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1 , harness system 100 is shown while coupled to a leash 118. System 100 has a harness 102 which can be worn by a dog. In some embodiments, harness 102 can be made from natural and / or synthetic fibers. In a preferred embodiment, the harness 102 is designed to wrap underneath the belly of the dog such that the force exerted on the dog by the leash 118 is distributed across the entire mid section of the dog. In some embodiments, the harness 102 can be a collar which wraps around the neck and / or chest of the dog.

[0058] Harness 102 may contain a mounting surface 104 which provides a platform for coupling assembly 101 to harness 102. In some embodiments, mounting surface 104 may be a rigid material which does not bend or twist when a force is applied by the leash 118. In a further embodiment, mounting surface 104 is located at back portion 130 of the dog (see FIG. 2A) so that assembly 101 , while in a rest position, may be located substantially perpendicular to the dog’s spine. In some embodiments, the portion of mounting surface 104 which is in contact with the dog can be padded or have an extra layer of fabric to protect the dog from abrasions or irritation due to the force exerted by the leash 118 on mounting surface 104. Since mounting surface 104 may deal with substantial amounts of tension due to being the only point of contact between the leash 118 and harness 102, especially when walking a large dog breed, in some embodiments it would be preferrable to include reinforced bonding between mounting surface 104 and harness 102. For example, mounting surface 104 may be bonded to harness 102 through a combination of glue, stitching, epoxies, lamination or the like.

[0059] Biasing member 106 may contain a first portion 108 coupled to mounting surface 104 and a second portion 110 coupled to pole member 112. When the leash 118 exerts a pulling force on the assembly 101 , such as when the distance between the dog and the handler increases, biasingmember 106 may elastically deform to store some of the tension as potential energy. By storing some of the tension exerted by the leash as potential energy, biasing member 106 may protect the dog from experiencing large and potentially dangerous amounts of sudden energy transfer such as when the dog pulls quickly on the leash. Biasing member 106 may then expel the stored potential energy as the distance between the dog and the handler reduces, thereby reducing the risk to the dog and handler.

[0060] Further, the elastic deformation of biasing member 106 may allow biasing member 106 to maintain tension in the leash 118 as the distance between the dog and handler reduces, thereby reducing the risk of the leash 118 getting caught in the dog’s feet. For example, biasing member 106 may be a coil which is in a neutral contracted position when no force is exerted on it. As the dog begins to walk, the leash 118 will exert tension on assembly 101 which may elastically deform biasing member 106 such that the coil begins to expand and store some of the tension as potential energy. As the coil expands, pole member 112 may tilt by angle lowering the height of coupling mechanism 116 and leash 118. If the dog suddenly stops to sniff a patch of grass, the distance between the handler and dog may begin to decrease, and biasing member 106 may begin to return to the neutral contracted position as it releases the stored potential energy and thereby causing biasing member 106 and pole member 112 to return to their resting position causing the leash 118 to maintain tension so that the leash 118 stays substantially away from the dog’s feet.

[0061] In some embodiments, first portion 108 of biasing member 106 may be coupled to mounting surface 104 by a biasing joint 132. In a further embodiment, biasing joint 132 allows biasing member 106 to pivot about mounting surface 104 such that biasing member 106 is capable of angular rotation about an axis perpendicular to mounting surface 128. In a further embodiment, biasing joint 132 may be a permanent coupling such that harness 102 and assembly 101 are a single, inseparable, unit. In another embodiment, biasing joint 132 allows harness 102 to be decoupled from assembly 101 such that assembly 101 can be sold as a modular system that can be used with a variety of harnesses. Having an assembly 101 that can be decoupled from harness 102 allows the handler to replace harness 102 without having to replace assembly 101 (or vice versa), this may occur due to damage to harness 102 or the dog outgrowing harness 102. A further advantage of being able to decouple assembly 102 from harness 101 is that a handler may wash harness 102 using a standard washing machine without potentially damaging assembly 101 or washing machine.

[0062] In an embodiment, second portion 110 of biasing member 106 is pivotably coupled to proximal end 122 of pole member 112 such that pole member 112 is capable of angular movement about an axis orthogonal to mounting surface 104 and / or rotation about the longitudinal pole axis 114. In some embodiments, second portion 110 of biasing member 106 is rigidly coupled to proximal end 122 of pole member 112 such that pole member 112 is incapable of angular movement or rotation.

[0063] Pole member 112 may comprise a structure having a longitudinal pole axis 114 and two points of coupling located at a proximal end 122 and a distal end 120. Pole member 112 may maintain the leash 118 at a distance that reduces or substantially eliminates the risk of the leash 118 getting caught in the dog’s feet. Pole member 112 may compliment biasing member 106 by ensuring that even when biasing member 106 has returned fully to its neutral contracted position, the leash 118 is held away from the dog’s legs such that the risk that the leash 118 will get caught in the dog’s legs may be reduced. In some embodiments, pole member 112 extends along the longitudinal pole axis 114 a length configured to a specific, or all, dog breeds, for example, in a range of about 6-24 inches. In some embodiments, pole member 112 is extendable such that a handler can extend or decrease the pole member along the longitudinal pole axis 114 depending on the size and height of their dog breed. In another embodiment, pole member 112 may come in multiple longitudinal pole axis 114 lengths which can be selected based on the size and height of the handler’s dog breed. In some embodiments, pole member 112 may be made of one or more of plastic, rubber, metal, carbon fiber, silicone or the like.

[0064] Distal end 120 of pole member 112 may be coupled to the leash 118 by a coupling mechanism 116. In some embodiments, coupling mechanism 116 comprises a mechanism which is capable of coupling and de-coupling from a standard leash clasp. For example, coupling mechanism 116 can be a loop, tab, hook and the like, such that the leash 118 can be coupled and decoupled with minimal effort.

[0065] Pole member 112 may experience tension from the leash 118 through coupling mechanism 116. The tension caused by the leash 118 may have a force component substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal pole axis 114, thereby creating a risk that pole member 112 experiences a torque force caused by the moment of a force exerted by the leash 118. The combination of the elastically deformable biasing member 106 and pole member 112 may allow the torque force to be dampened by biasing member 106 and thereby reduce the structuralstrength needed by pole member 112 to withstand the potential torque forces exerted by the leash 118. The reduced structural strength necessary for pole member 112 may allow for a reduction in cost and increased efficiency in the manufacturing process.

[0066] Proximal end 122 may be coupled to second portion 110 of biasing member 106. Proximal end 122 may be pivotably coupled to second portion 110 of biasing member 106 such that the pole member is capable of angular and / or rotational motion. In some embodiments, the pivotable coupling between proximal end 122 and second portion 110 allows pole member 112 to tilt at an angle relative to an axis orthogonal to mounting surface 128. Angular motion may occur within a universal swing plane 124 such that pole member 112 is capable of tilting about the axis orthogonal to the mounting surface 128 in response to the position of the handler changing relative to the dog. The universal swing plane 124 may be 360° relative to an axis orthogonal to a mounting surface 128, such that pole member 112 may move freely about the pivotable coupling with second portion 110 of biasing member 106. In some embodiments, the angular movement of pole member 112 is restricted along the universal swing plane 124 by a range of ±angle p.

[0067] In some embodiments, the pivotable coupling between proximal end 122 and second portion 110 allows pole member 112 to rotate about the longitudinal pole axis 114 within a range of angle ±a. In an embodiment, the range of angle ±a is 360°. In another embodiment, the range of angle ±a is in a range of 90° to 180°.

[0068] Allowing rotational and / or angular movement of biasing member 106 and / or pole member 112 may protect against twisting forces being exerted on pole member 112 by the leash 118 which could potentially damage assembly 101 , cause leash 118 to get tangled, or cause irritation or pain to the dog.

[0069] In FIG. 2A, the harness system 100 is shown under tension while coupled to a leash 118. Mounting surface 104 may be located on back portion 130 of the dog such that when the biasing member 106 is in a neutral contracted state (i.e. under no tension), biasing member 106 and pole member 112 extend substantially perpendicular to back portion 130 of the dog.

[0070] The harness system 100 shown in FIG. 2A contains pole member 112 that is pivotably mounted to second portion 110 of biasing member 106. Pole member 112 may be capable of angular movement within a universal swing plane 124 relative to the axis orthogonal to the mounting surface 128. The universal swing plane 124 may be 360° relative to an axis orthogonal to a mounting surface 128, such that pole member 112 may move freely about the pivotablecoupling with second portion 110 of biasing member 106. In some embodiments, the angular movement of pole member 112 along the universal swing plane 124 may be restricted to a range of ±angle p. In a further embodiment, ±angle may be determined based on a safe range of angular movement of the pole member 112 such that pole member 112 is restricted from contacting the back of the dog’s head or neck. For example, in an embodiment, the range of ±angle p is 90°. In another embodiments, ±angle p may be about 90° to 180°.

[0071] As shown in FIG. 2A, biasing member 106 may be elastically deformed due to tension exerted on the assembly 101 by the leash 118. As the tension from the leash 118 is reduced or eliminated, biasing member 106 may return to a neutral contracted state such that biasing member 106 will be substantially perpendicular to back portion 130. As biasing member 106 returns to its neutral contracted state due to, for example, a reduction in the distance between the dog and the handler, biasing member 106 may maintain tension on the leash 118 due to the potential energy stored in the biasing member 106 being released.

[0072] First portion 108 of the biasing member 106 may be coupled to mounting surface 104 by a biasing joint 132 capable of angular rotation about an axis perpendicular to mounting surface 104. In some embodiments, biasing member 106 is capable of angular rotation about an axis orthogonal to mounting surface 128, and pole member 112 is capable of angular rotation about an axis orthogonal to mounting surface 128, the range of ±angle p may be reduced to account for the range of angular movement of biasing member 106. For example, if the desired range of angular movement for pole member 112 is ±90°, and biasing member 106 is capable of ±45° of angular rotation, the range of ±angle p may be ±45° such that the aggregate range of angular movement of the assembly is ±180°.

[0073] As shown in FIG. 2B, mounting surface 104 provides a platform for coupling biasing member 106 and safety cable 105 (best seen in FIG. 2C showing cross section view of A-A) to biasing joint 132. In some embodiments, mounting surface 104 may be a rigid material which does not bend or twist when a force is applied by the leash 118. In a further embodiment, mounting surface 104 is located at back portion 130 of the dog so that assembly 101 , while in a rest position, may be located substantially perpendicular to the dog’s spine.

[0074] Biasing member 106 may be rigidly or rotationally coupled to pole member 112. When the leash 118 exerts a pulling force on the safety cable 105, such as when the distance between the dog and the handler increases, biasing member 106 may elastically deform to store some ofthe tension as potential energy. By storing some of the tension exerted by the leash as potential energy, biasing member 106 may protect the dog from experiencing large and potentially dangerous amounts of sudden energy transfer such as when the dog pulls quickly on the leash. Biasing member 106 may then expel the stored potential energy as the distance between the dog and the handler reduces, thereby reducing the risk to the dog and handler.

[0075] Further, the elastic deformation of biasing member 106 may allow biasing member 106 to maintain tension in the leash as the distance between the dog and handler reduces, thereby reducing the risk of the leash getting caught in the dog’s feet. For example, biasing member 106 may be a coil which is in a neutral contracted position when no force is exerted on it. As the dog begins to walk, the leash 118 will exert tension on safety cable 105 which may transfer a lateral force to pole member 112 which causes biasing member 106 to deform such that the coil expands and stores some of the tension as potential energy. As the coil expands, pole member 112 may tilt by angle lowering the height of coupling mechanism 116 and leash 118. If the dog suddenly stops to sniff a patch of grass, the distance between the handler and dog may begin to decrease, and biasing member 106 may begin to return to the neutral contracted position as it releases the stored potential energy and thereby causing biasing member 106 and pole member 112 to return to their resting position causing the leash 118 to maintain tension so that the leash 118 stays substantially away from the dog’s feet.

[0076] In some embodiments, the biasing member 106 may be coupled to mounting surface 104 by a biasing joint 132. In a further embodiment, biasing joint 132 allows biasing member 106 and safety cable 105 to pivot about mounting surface 104 such that biasing member 106 and safety cable 105 are capable of angular rotation about an axis perpendicular to mounting surface 104. In another embodiment, biasing joint 132 allows biasing member 106 and I or safety cable 105 to be decoupled such that a variety of harness styles can be used.

[0077] Pole member 112 may comprise a structure having a longitudinal pole axis 114 and two points of coupling located at a proximal end 122 and a distal end 120. Pole member 112 may maintain the leash 118 at a distance that reduces or substantially eliminates the risk of the leash 118 getting caught in the dog’s feet. Pole member 112 may compliment biasing member 106 by ensuring that even when biasing member 106 has returned fully to its neutral contracted position, the leash 118 is held away from the dog’s legs such that the risk may be reduced that the leash 118 will get caught in the dog’s legs.

[0078] Safety cable 105 may be coupled to biasing joint 132 and coupling mechanism 116. Safety cable 105 may run through an internal channel of the biasing member 106 and an internal channel of pole member 112 (shown in cross sectional view A-A of FIG. 20), to connect biasing joint 132 and coupling mechanism 116. In an example, safety cable 105 may be a flexible wire or cord made from metal, plastic or fiber. Safety cable 105 may experience substantially all of the tensioning force exerted by leash 118 in the event that the dog or user pulls on leash 118 and thereby applies torque to coupling mechanism 116. Safety cable 105 can transfer a small lateral component of the tensioning force to the pole member 112 (i.e. , by contacting the interior surface of the interior channel of the pole member 112) to cause the pole member 112 to axially orientate with the direction of the tensioning force.

[0079] In some embodiments, coupling mechanism 116 comprises a mechanism which is capable of coupling and de-coupling from a standard leash clasp. For example, coupling mechanism 116 can be a loop, tab, hook and the like, such that the leash 118 can be coupled and decoupled with minimal effort. In some embodiments, coupling mechanism 116 is sized such that it has a diameter larger than the internal channel of pole member 112 to ensure that it does not enter the internal channel of pole member 112.

[0080] Pole member 112 may experience tension from the leash 118 through a lateral force exerted by safety cable 105. The tension caused by the leash 118 may have a force component substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal pole axis 114, thereby creating a risk that pole member 112 experiences a torque force caused by the moment of a force exerted by the leash 118. However, as safety cable 105 is primarily responsible for withstanding any tensioning force from the leash 118, pole member 112 is therefore solely responsible for withstanding a small lateral force exerted by the safety cable 105 on the pole member 112. As the pole member 112 is configured to axially orientate itself in the direction of the tensioning force from the leash 118, the pole member 112 avoids experiencing prolonged and high shear and torque forces from the leash 118. Further, the combination of the elastically deformable biasing member 106 and pole member 112 may allow the torque force to be dampened by biasing member 106 and thereby reduce the structural strength needed by pole member 112 to withstand the potential torque forces exerted by the leash. The reduced structural strength necessary for pole member 112 may allow for a reduction in cost and increased efficiency in the manufacturing process.

[0081] Pole member 112 may be pivotably coupled to biasing member 106 such that the pole member 112 is capable of angular and / or rotational motion. In some embodiments, the pivotable coupling with biasing member 106 allows pole member 112 to tilt at an angle relative to an axis orthogonal to mounting surface 104. Angular motion may occur within a universal swing plane such that pole member 112 is capable of tilting about the axis orthogonal to the mounting surface 104 in response to the position of the handler changing relative to the dog. The universal swing plane may be 360° relative to an axis orthogonal to a mounting surface 104, such that pole member 112 may move freely about the pivotable coupling with biasing member 106.

[0082] In some embodiments, the pole member 112 may have a coupling hook 113 for coupling a pennant, flag or tag to the pole member 112. In some embodiments, the coupling hook 113 may permit a user to attach a high visibility flag to the pole member 112 so that they can retain sight of their dog’s location in low visibility environments such as high grass, fog, wooded areas, etc,. In some embodiments, the coupling hook 113 may permit a user to attach a name tag or pennant with identifying information about the dog.

[0083] In some embodiments, the pole member 112 may have a light feature 115 which can be located along the length of the pole member 112 or at the top of the pole member 112. In some embodiments, the light feature 115 may be an LED strip which may be permanently coupled through adhesive or mechanical coupling to the pole member 112. The LED strip may extend along a portion or all of the axial length of the pole member 112. In another embodiment, the light feature 115 may be an LED bulb which may be placed at the top of the pole member 112. The light feature 115 may be configured for operation in one or more modes, including flashing, strobe, multi colour, etc. The light feature 115 may be controlled through a controller which communicates through a wireless or wired connection. In some embodiments, the controller can be an on-off switch located on the mounting plate 104 of the harness 100. In some embodiments, the light feature 115 may be powered by a battery pack which can be coupled to the mounting plate 104 or an interior surface of the pole member 112. The light feature 115 may improve the ability for a user to keep track of their dog’s location in low visibility environments when there may be no I low lighting. For example, the light feature 115 may be useful when letting the dog out to the backyard before bed, or when walking a dog during the evening.

[0084] In FIG. 3, assembly 101 is shown with a pole member 112 capable of angular rotation and being biased at an angle <|) relative to mounting surface 104.

[0085] Pole member 112 may be biased into a biasing position 133 by biasing member 106 such that the longitudinal pole axis 114 is at an angle <|) relative to a plane defined by mounting surface 104. Angle <|) represents the initial resting position of pole member 112. Resting position 133 may occur when no force is being exerted on assembly 101 , e.g. tension from leash 118. For example, assembly 101 may be in position 133 when the biasing member 106 is in the neutral contracted state. Resting position 133 may be set at the time of manufacturing such that assembly 101 has one possible biasing position 133. In some embodiments, resting position 133 can be adjusted by the handler such that the handler can set a desired angle <|) by adjusting the biasing joint 132. In an embodiment, resting position 133 may be set such that angle <|) is about 90°, such that the angle between pole member 112 and mounting surface 104 is substantially perpendicular. In another embodiment, pole member 112 is in resting position 133 when angle <|) is between 90° and 45°. In another embodiment, pole member 112 is in the resting position 133 when angle <|) is between 90° and 30°.

[0086] As can also be seen in FIG. 3, pole member 112 may be pivotably coupled such that pole member 112 may be capable of angular rotation about the longitudinal pole axis 114. The angular rotation allows pole member 112 to rotate relative to the longitudinal pole axis 114 about the pivotable coupling point between pole member 112 and biasing member 106 in a range of ±angle a. In some embodiments, such as when biasing member 106 is incapable of angular rotation, the ±angle a may be about 360° such that pole member 112 can freely rotate about the longitudinal pole axis 114. In another embodiment, such as when biasing member 106 is coupled to mounting surface 104 by a biasing joint 132 capable of angular rotation, the ±angle a may be about 0° such that pole member 112 is unable to rotate.

[0087] In FIG. 4, an assembly 101 with a rigid pole member 154 is shown while experiencing a force 156 exerted by a leash 118. Rigid pole member 154 may not bend or flex under force 156, and thereby retains its linear shape under a moment of force 156 exerted by the leash 118. In FIG. 5, an assembly 101 is shown with a flexible pole member 142 under a force 156. Flexible pole 142 may bend in response to a moment of force 156 exerted by the leash 118. In some embodiments, flexible pole member 142 may be paired with biasing member 106 such that biasing member 106 may bend under an initial, lower, force 156, and flexible pole member 142 may bend after force 156 reaches a certain threshold.

[0088] In FIG. 6, an assembly 101 is shown being decoupled from mounting surface 104. A decoupling biasing joint 140 may be used to allow biasing member 106 to be decoupled from mounting surface 104. A potential advantage of decoupling biasing joint 140 is that assembly 101 may be sold as a modular system that can be used with a variety of harnesses. In some embodiments, decoupling biasing joint 140 may utilize any one of the following coupling arrangements, a removable pin, a screw and thread, a snap fit, a cam-lock, a depressible tab and the like.

[0089] In FIGs. 7A and 7B, biasing member 106 is shown transitioning from a contracted state 148 (FIG. 7A) to an expanded state 150 (FIG. 7B). When biasing member 106 is in a contracted state 148, it is in a first position 144 representing a resting position in which no or minimal tensile force 152 is exerted on assembly 101. When biasing member 106 is in an expanded state 150, it is in a second position 146 representing the maximum limit of tensile force 152 that assembly 101 can handle (i.e. maximum amount of elastic deformation capable by biasing member 106). As tensile force 152 increases from zero, biasing member 106 may begin to transition from first position 144 to second position 146. The transition from first position 144 to second position 146 may represent biasing member 106 storing potential energy which may then be released to maintain tension in the leash 118 as the distance between the handler and dog decreases. By maintaining tension in the leash 118, the leash 118 may be kept away from the dog’s feet and thereby reduce the risk of the leash 118 getting tangled in the dog’s feet.

[0090] In FIG. 8A, assembly 101 is shown with a pole member 112 containing a cavity 158. Cavity 158 may be capable of encompassing at least an enclosed portion 160 of biasing member 106 such that at least second portion 110 of biasing member 106 is enclosed by cavity 158. In FIG. 8B, a cross section of pole member 112 containing a cavity 158 is shown encompassing the biasing member 106. In some embodiments, second portion 110 of biasing member 106 may be permanently coupled to cavity 158 of pole member 112. (shown in further detail in FIGs. 9A-9B) The permanent coupling may cause the biasing member to expand and contract within cavity 158 of pole member 112. By enclosing at least an enclosed portion 160 of biasing member 106 within cavity 158 of pole member 112, assembly 101 may be less prone to bending due to the increased rigidity caused by housing at least an enclosed portion 160 of biasing member 106 in cavity 158. Therefore, the increased rigidity may ensure assembly 101 maintains a more upright position during use and keeps the leash 118 further away from the dog’s legs. Further, by enclosing an enclosed portion 160 of biasing member 106 within cavity 158, biasing member 106 may be lesslikely to get caught on external objects, such as the leash 118, and may be less prone to debris, such as dirt or sticks, impacting the movement of biasing member 106.

[0091] In FIGs. 9A and 9B, hollow pole member 112 encompassing biasing member 106 in a compressed (FIG. 9A) and expanded (FIG. 9B) position is shown, according to some embodiments. In FIG. 9A, biasing member 106 may be in contracted state 148 corresponding to first position 144 due to tensile force 152 exerted on assembly 101 being close to zero. In Fig. 9B, biasing member 106 is shown experiencing an increasing tensile force 152 which has caused biasing member 106 to transition to expanded state 150 corresponding to second position 146. Biasing member 106 may be coupled to mounting plate 104. In some embodiments, biasing member 106 is pivotably coupled to mounting plate 104 to allow rotational movement.

[0092] In some embodiments, when biasing member 106 is in first position 144, enclosed portion 160 of biasing member 106 enclosed by cavity 158 may make up a larger proportion of the total length of biasing member 106 then when biasing member 106 is in second position 146. For example, unenclosed portion 164 in FIG. 9A is smaller than unenclosed portion 164 in FIG. 9B, wherein FIG. 9A represents biasing member in contracted state 148 and FIG. 9B represents biasing member 106 in expanded state 150.

[0093] In some embodiments, second portion 110 of biasing member 106 can be pivotably coupled to proximal end 122 of pole member 112 such that pole member 112 is capable of angular rotation about the longitudinal pole axis 114. In some embodiments, biasing member 106 can be pivotably coupled to mounting surface 104 such that biasing member 106 is capable of angular rotation about the axis orthogonal to mounting surface 128.

[0094] In FIG. 9C, the hollow pole member 112 is shown encompassing biasing member 106 in a compressed position with a safety cable 105. The safety cable 105 may be coupled to the proximal end 122 of the hollow pole member 112 and may also be coupled to the mounting surface 104. In some embodiments, the safety cable 105 may be positioned within the biasing member such that the biasing member 106 encapsulates the safety cable 105. In some embodiments, the safety cable 105 may provide redundancy to the dog harness assembly 101 by protecting against a potential failure scenario in the biasing member 106. For example, if there is a material failure along the length of the biasing member 106 which causes the biasing member 106 to break, or if there is a failure at either the coupling point between the biasing member 106 and the proximal end 122 of the pole member 112 or between the biasing member 106 and themounting surface 104, the safety cable may ensure that the leash 118 maintains connection with the dog harness 102. The material failure may occur due to the tensile force 152 experiencing a sudden increase in magnitude such as if the dog bolts after another animal or if the biasing member 106 experiences a highly concentrated force such as if the biasing member 106 gets caught on a fence or road sign post. The safety cable 105 may have a longitudinal length which is sized to allow the biasing member 106 to freely expand and contract between the first position 144 and second position 146, however, upon a material failure occurring (i.e. the biasing member 106 expanding beyond the second position 146), the safety cable 105 may ensure a connection is maintained between the leash 118 and the dog harness 102. In some embodiments, the safety cable 105 is coupled to an independent coupling point on the proximal end 122 of the pole member 112 and the mounting surface 104. In some embodiments, the safety cable 105 may have a maximum tensile strength beyond the tensile strength of the biasing member 106. In some embodiments, safety cable 105 may have a length about the same as pole member 112 and biasing member 106 such that when leash 118 applies a tension force to pole member 112 the safety cable 105 will resist the tension preventing biasing member 106 from extending. Continuing the example, while safety cable 105 may prevent biasing member 106 from extending and possibly becoming damaged, biasing member 106 is able to tilt and apply a biasing force to pole member 112 to return to its initial position.

[0095] In FIG. 9D, the dog harness 102 is shown while coupled to the leash 118 with the safety cable 105 included. As can be seen from FIG. 9D, the safety cable 105 may be coupled between the coupling mechanism 116 and the mounting surface 104. In this configuration, the safety cable105 may be located along the length of the biasing member 106 and the pole member 112, such that the safety cable 105 is not encapsulated by either the biasing member 106 or the pole member 112. The safety cable 105 may provide redundancy against potential material failure along the length of either the biasing member 106 or the pole member 112, and potential material failure at the coupling points between the first portion 108 and the mounting surface 104, the second portion 110 and the proximal end 122, and the distal end 120 and the coupling mechanism 116. The safety cable 105 may have a longitudinal length which may protect the biasing member106 from expanding beyond the biasing member’s 106 elastic limit such that the safety cable 105 protects against permanent damage occurring to the biasing member 106. For example, if the biasing member 106 is a spring, the safety cable 105 may have a longitudinal length such that upon the biasing member 106 expanding to a certain distance, the safety cable 105 will becometaunt and will take on the tensile stress being exerted between the dog harness 102 and the leash 118.

[0096] In FIG. 9E, the dog harness 102 is shown with a safety cable 105 passing through the internal channel of the biasing member 106 and the internal channel of the hollow pole member 112. Safety cable 105 may be coupled between the coupling mechanism 116 and the mounting surface 104. The safety cable 105 is free of any direct coupling to the biasing member 106 and pole member 112, and the coupling mechanism 116 may be sized such that it restricts the safety cable 105 from fully retracting into the internal channel of the pole member 112.

[0097] In FIG. 9F, the biasing member 106 is shown in a deformed state. This may be due to the leash 118 exerting a tensioning force on safety cable 105 as a result of the user or dog pulling. As the safety cable 105 experiences the tensioning force, a small lateral force is exerted on the pole member 112 which causes the biasing member 106 to deform in order for the pole member 112 to be axially orientated in the direction of the tensioning force.

[0098] In the embodiment shown in FIGs. 9E and 9F, where the safety cable 105 passes through the internal channels of the biasing member 106 and pole member 112, any force imparted by the dog will be transmitted from the mounting surface 104, along the safety cable 105 and then finally to the leash 118 held by the user. As the safety cable 105 and leash 118 are responsible for transferring the majority of the force imparted by the dog, the pole member 112 may not have to be manufactured to be a load bearing component, and therefore reduce the cost and complexity of the pole member 112.

[0099] When a force is exerted on the safety cable 105, such as if the dog or the user pulls on the leash, the safety cable 105 will exert a small lateral force on the interior of the pole member 112, which will be transferred to the biasing member 106. The biasing member 106, as a result of the lateral force, will deform in the direction of the lateral force, and thereby orientate the pole member 112 to align with the tension force from the leash 118 (as best shown in FIG. 9F). When no force is exerted on the safety cable 105 (i.e., the leash 118 is slack), the biasing member 106 is in an undeformed state and therefore the pole member 112 may be orientated substantially vertical. When the pole member 112 is substantially vertical, the leash 118 may be kept at a distance substantially away from the dog’s feet to reduce tripping hazards and / or tangling of the leash and the dog’s legs

[0100] The biasing member 106 may therefore be sufficiently rigid in the undeformed state to support the weight of the pole member 112 such that the pole member 112 may remain substantially vertical when no I minimal force is exerted on the leash 118. Further, the biasing member 106 may be sufficiently flexible to permit bending or deformation in response to a force being exerted by the leash 118 (i.e., in response to the user or dog pulling) to permit the pole member 112 and safety cable 105 to align with the tensioning force of the leash. This may result in a reduced shear force being exerted on the pole member 112 and safety cable 105 due to the tensioning force from the leash 118 being substantially aligned with the axial length of the safety cable 105 and pole member 112.

[0101] Therefore, it would be understood that the pole member 112 returns to the vertical position when no I minimal force is exerted on the leash 118, and retains the leash 118 at a height such that it does not get tangled in the legs of the dog. Further, when the leash 118 exerts a lateral force on the pole member 112, the pole member 112 may orientate to align with the tension force from the leash 118 while still maintaining the leash 118 at a height such that it does not get tangled in the legs of the dog.

[0102] In FIGs. 10A and 10B, the assembly 101 is shown with a biasing member 106 comprising a first section 166 and a second section 168. First section 166 of biasing member 106 contains a first proximal end 170 which is coupled to mounting surface 104. First proximal end 170 of first section 166 of biasing member 106 may be coupled to mounting surface 104 by a biasing joint 132 which is capable of angular rotation about an axis orthogonal to mounting surface 128. In another embodiment, first proximal end 170 may be permanently coupled to mounting surface 104 such that biasing member 106 is incapable of angular rotation or movement. First section 166 of biasing member 106 also contains a first distal end 172 which is coupled to a second proximal end 174 of second section 168. First distal end 172 may be coupled to second proximal end 174 by a permanent coupling such that first section 166 and second section 168 maintain a linear relationship. A second distal end 176 of second section 168 is coupled to proximal end 122 of pole member 112. Second distal end 176 of second section 168 may be pivotably coupled to proximal end 122 of pole member 112 such that pole member 112 is capable of angular or rotational movement.

[0103] In some embodiments, first section 166 and second section 168 may be any one of the following dampening mechanisms: a spring, a coil, a flexible pole or a hydraulic damper. In someembodiments, first section 166 and second section 168 are the same dampening mechanisms, for example, first section 166 and second section 168 may both be coils. In a further embodiment, where first section 166 and second section 168 are both coils, first section 166 may have a different spring constant than second section 168. In another embodiment, first section 166 and second section 168 may be different dampening mechanisms, for example, first section 166 may be a flexible pole and second section 168 may be a coil. In a further embodiment, biasing member 106 can be comprised of three or more sections. By providing a design in which different dampening mechanisms can be paired, for example, an assembly 101 containing a biasing member 106 comprising two stacked coils having different spring constants, biasing member 106 may be customized to achieve a stiffness and bending profile optimized for the size and strength of the dog.

[0104] In another embodiment, biasing member 106 having a first section 166 and second section 168 may be enclosed by cavity 158 of pole member 112. In a further embodiment, cavity 158 may enclose only an enclosed portion 160 of second section 162 of biasing member 106 while the entire first portion 166 of biasing member 106 is unenclosed by cavity 158.

[0105] In FIGs. 11A and 11B, an assembly 101 is shown with a pole member 186 having a flexible first pole portion 190 and second pole portion 192. Pole member 186 may extend along a longitudinal pole axis 188.

[0106] A proximal end 194 of pole member 186 may be coupled to a mounting surface 184. In some embodiments, proximal end 194 may be pivotably coupled to mounting surface 184 such that pole member 186 is capable of angular or rotational movement. In some embodiments, proximal end 194 may be rigidly coupled to mounting surface 184 such that pole member 186 is incapable of angular or rotational movement. In some embodiments, coupling between proximal end 194 and mounting surface 184 may comprise a ball and socket joint, a hinge joint, a pivot joint, a saddle joint, a clasp and hoop, or the like.

[0107] A distal end 196 of pole member 186 may have a coupling mechanism 198 which allows a leash to be coupled and decoupled from assembly 101. In some embodiments, coupling mechanism 198 may be a loop, tab, hook or the like, configured for coupling to a clasp.

[0108] In some embodiments, longitudinal pole axis 188 of pole member 186 may be configured to be orientated substantially perpendicular to mounting surface 184 when moment of force 214 is zero or very low. As moment of force 214 increases, such as when a leash exerts a tensileforce on assembly 101 , flexible first pole portion 190 may bend in response to moment of force 214. Flexible first pole portion 190 may be capable of elastic deformation such that flexible first pole portion 190 can store potential energy which can then be released to maintain tension in the leash as flexible first pole portion 190 returns to its neutral position (i.e. as the moment of force 214 exerted by the leash reduces).

[0109] In some embodiments, second pole portion 192 of pole member 186 may be a rigid material which maintains a linear shape under a moment of force 214 exerted by the leash. For example, as flexible first pole portion 190 bends in response to force 214 exerted by the leash, second pole portion 192 may remain substantially straight to ensure that leash remains at a distance away from the dog’s feet. Flexible first pole portion 190 and rigid second pole portion 192 may compliment each other by working together to minimize the risk that the leash 200 gets caught in the dog’s feet. Flexible first pole portion 190 may ensure that tension is maintained in the leash during abrupt stops (i.e. distance between the handler and dog abruptly reducing) by releasing potential energy stored from the elastic deformation caused by the moment of force 214, while rigid second pole portion 192 may maintain the leash at a distance away from the dog’s legs when the tension on the leash is constant. This desirable combination may reduce the potential for injury or disturbances to a dog and handler during a walk.

[0110] In some embodiments, flexible first pole portion 190 and second pole portion 192 may have the same thickness along the entire longitudinal pole axis 188. Having a standardized thickness for the entire pole member 186 may provide benefits in ease of manufacturing and structural integrity. In some embodiments, flexible first pole portion 190 and second pole portion 192 may have different thicknesses such that flexible first pole portion 190 is thicker or slimmer than second pole portion 192. In a further embodiment, flexible first pole portion 190 and second pole portion 192 may be made from the same or different material composition. For example, flexible first pole portion 190 and second pole portion may be made from one or more of plastic, rubber, metal, carbon fiber, silicone or the like. In a preferred embodiment, flexible first pole portion 190 may be made from a flexible material such as a softer plastic or rubber, while second pole portion 192 may be made from a stiffer material such as metal, brittle plastic or carbon fiber. In a further preferred embodiment, flexible first pole portion 190 and second pole portion 192 may comprise the same material composition, such as a resilient and flexible plastic, but flexible first pole portion 190 may have a thinner thickness than second pole portion 192 such that under atension force flexible first pole portion 190 may begin bending (i.e. elastic deformation) before the second pole portion 192.

[0111] In FIG. 12A, assembly 101 is shown with a single rigid pole member 210 capable of pivotable movement due to a pivotable connection between rigid pole member 210 and the mounting surface 184.

[0112] In some embodiments, pole member 210 may be pivotably mounted 202 to mounting surface 184 such that pole member 186 is capable of angular movement within a universal swing plane 204 relative to an axis orthogonal to mounting surface 208. The pivotably mounted pole member 210 may allow the longitudinal pole axis 188 to move within a universal swing plane 204 and tilt at an angle in a range of ±angle p relative to an axis orthogonal to mounting surface 208. The universal swing plane 204 may be 360° relative to an axis orthogonal to a mounting surface 208. In a further embodiment, ±angle may be determined based on a safe range of angular movement of pole member 210 such that pole member 210 is restricted from contacting the back of the dog’s head or neck. For example, in some embodiments, ±angle p may be about 90°, 120° or 180°.

[0113] In some embodiments, pole member 210 may be pivotably mounted 202 to mounting surface 184 such that pole member 210 is capable of rotational movement relative to longitudinal pole axis 188. The rotational movement may allow pole member 186 to rotate in relation to the longitudinal pole axis 188 about a range of ±angle a.

[0114] In FIGs. 12B and 12C, embodiments of flexible first pole portion 216 and second pole portion 218 having different thicknesses is shown. Flexible pole portion 216 may have a smaller thickness than second pole portion 218 to encourage bending to occur primarily at flexible first pole portion 216 so that a desired bending profile may be achieved. In some embodiments, flexible first pole portion 216 and second pole portion 218 are made from the same material, and therefore the smaller thickness of flexible first pole portion 216 will ensure that bending occurs at flexible first pole portion 216 prior to bending occurring at second pole portion 218. This may be desirable since second pole portion 218 can therefore remain substantially linear to maintain the leash at a desired distance away from the dog’s feet. Further, the desired bending in flexible first pole portion 216 may ensure that potential energy is stored by the elastic deformation which will maintain tension in the leash during abrupt stops by the dog.

[0115] In some embodiments, the transition between the thicker second pole portion 218 to the thinner flexible first pole portion 216 is tapered, as seen in FIG. 12B. The tapered transition between second pole portion 218 and flexible first pole portion 216 may reduce hard edges that could potentially get caught on the leash. In another embodiment, the transition between the thicker second pole portion 218 to the thinner flexible first pole portion 216 is abrupt, as shown in FIG. 12C. An abrupt transition between second pole portion 218 and flexible first pole portion 216 may provide material savings and may increase manufacturing efficiency.

[0116] Although terms such as “maximize”, “minimize” and “optimize” may be used in the present disclosure, it should be understood that such term may be used to refer to improvements, tuning and refinements which may not be strictly limited to maximal, minimal or optimal.

[0117] The term “connected” or "coupled to" may include both direct coupling (in which two elements that are coupled to each other and contact each other) and indirect coupling (in which at least one additional element is located between the two elements).

[0118] The term “substantially” as used herein may be applied to modify any quantitative representation which could permissibly vary without resulting in a change in the basic function to which it is related.

[0119] Terms such as "up to", "at least", "greater than", "less than", "more than", "or more", and the like, include the number recited and such terms refer to ranges that can be subsequently broken down into sub-ranges. In the same manner, all ratios recited herein also include all subratios falling within the broader ratio.

[0120] The singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include the plural reference unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. The term "and / or" means any one of the items, any combination of the items, or all of the items with which this term is associated.

[0121] The term "about" can refer to a variation of± 5%, ± 10%, ± 20%, or± 25% of the value specified. For example, "about 50" percent can in some embodiments carry a variation from 45 to 55 percent. For integer ranges, the term "about" can include one or two integers greater than and / or less than a recited integer at each end of the range. Unless indicated otherwise herein, the term "about" is intended to include values and ranges proximate to the recited range that are equivalent in terms of the functionality of the composition, or the embodiment.

[0122] The above description is meant to be exemplary only, and one skilled in the relevant arts will recognize that changes may be made to the embodiments described without departing from the scope of the invention disclosed. The present disclosure may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the subject matter of the claims. The present disclosure is intended to cover and embrace all suitable changes in technology. Modifications which fall within the scope of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art, in light of a review of this disclosure, and such modifications are intended to fall within the appended claims. Also, the scope of the claims should not be limited by the preferred embodiments set forth in the examples, but should be given the broadest interpretation consistent with the description as a whole.

[0123] As can be understood, the detailed embodiments described above and illustrated are intended to be examples only. The invention is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:

1. A system comprising: a dog harness having a mounting surface; a biasing member comprising a first portion coupled to the mounting surface of the dog harness and a second portion coupled to a proximal end of a pole member, the pole member defining a longitudinal pole axis; a coupling mechanism for a leash or lead at a distal end of the pole member.

2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the pole member being pivotably mounted for angular motion of the longitudinal pole axis within a universal swing plane in a range of ±angle relative to an axis orthogonal to the mounting surface of the dog harness.

3. The system of any one of claims 1-2, wherein the pole member being pivotably mounted to rotate about the longitudinal pole axis in a range of ±angle a.

4. The system of claim 1-3, wherein the mounting surface is located on a back portion of the dog harness, wherein the first portion of the biasing member is pivotably coupled to the mounting surface of the dog harness by a biasing joint for angular rotation about an axis orthogonal to the mounting surface of the dog harness.

5. The system of claim 4, wherein the biasing joint comprises any one of: a ball and socket joint, a hinge joint, a pivot joint, a saddle joint, and a clasp and hoop.

6. The system of any one of claims 1-5, wherein a safety cable couples the mounting surface and the pole member.

7. The system of claim 6, wherein the safety cable is located within a circumference of the biasing member and the safety cable has a longitudinal length about equal to the longitudinal length of the biasing member when expanded.

8. The system of any one of claims 1-5, comprising a safety cable coupling the mounting surface to the coupling mechanism.

9. The system of claim 8, wherein the safety cable is defined within an interior channel of the biasing member and an interior channel of the pole member.

10. The system of any one of claims 6-9, wherein when the safety cable imparts a force on the pole member that is perpendicular to the longitudinal pole axis of the pole member, the pole member is configured to angularly bias away from the longitudinal pole axis.

11. The system of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the first portion of the biasing member is permanently coupled to the mounting surface.

12. The system of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the biasing member is releasably coupled to the mounting surface.

13. The system of any one of claims 1-12, wherein the biasing member is configured to bias the pole member to a resting position where the longitudinal axis of the pole member is at an angle <|) relative to the mounting surface.

14. The system of claim 13, wherein the angle <|) is about 90 degrees.

15. The system of any one of claims 1-14, wherein the coupling mechanism comprises a loop, tab or hook configured for coupling to a clasp.

16. The system of any one of claims 1-15, wherein the pole member comprises a flexible and resilient material for bending the pole member.

17. The system of any one of claims 1-16, wherein the biasing member is one or more of a coil, a spring, an elastic material and a hydraulic damper.

18. The system of claim 17, wherein the biasing member is configured to transition between a first position and a second position, wherein in the first position the biasing member is in a contracted state and in the second position the biasing member is in an expanded state, and wherein the biasing member transitions from the first position and second position when a tensile force is exerted on the biasing member.

19. The system of any one of claims 1-18, wherein the pole member is a rigid pole for maintaining a linear shape under a moment of a force exerted by the leash or lead.

20. The system of any one of claims 1-19, wherein the pole member defines a cavity enclosing at least a portion of the biasing member.21 . The system of claim 20, wherein the portion of the biasing member enclosed by the cavity is larger when the biasing member is in the contracted state.

22. The system of any one of claims 1-21 , wherein the system comprises a first biasing member having a proximal end coupled to the mounting surface, and a second biasing member having a distal end coupled to the pole member, and wherein a distal end of the first biasing member is coupled to a proximal end of the second biasing member.

23. The system of claim 22, wherein the first biasing member and the second biasing member have different stiffness values.

24. The system of claims 22-23, wherein at least a portion of the second biasing member is enclosed by a cavity within the pole member.

25. A system comprising: a dog harness having a mounting surface; a pole member defining a longitudinal pole axis comprising a flexible and resilient first portion for bending and a second portion, wherein a proximal end of the first portion is coupled to the mounting surface of the dog harness; and a coupling mechanism for a leash or lead at a distal end of the second portion.

26. The system of claim 25, the proximal end of the first portion is pivotably mounted to the mounting surface for angular motion of the longitudinal pole axis within a universal swing plane in a range of ±angle relative to an axis orthogonal to the mounting surface of the dog harness.

27. The system of claim 25-26, wherein the second portion of the pole member is a rigid portion for maintaining a linear shape under a moment of a force exerted by the leash or lead.

28. The system of claim 25-27, wherein the proximal end of the first portion comprises any one of: a ball and socket joint, a hinge joint, a pivot joint, a saddle joint, and a clasp and hoop.

29. The system of any one of claims 25-28, wherein the coupling mechanism comprises a loop, tab or hook configured for coupling to a clasp.

30. The system of claim 25-29, wherein the first portion and the second portion are made of the same material, and wherein the thickness of the first portion is less than the thickness of the second portion.

31. The system of claim 25-29, wherein the first portion is made of a first material, and the second portion is made of a second material, and wherein the thickness of the first portion is equal to or less than the thickness of the second portion.

32. The system of any one of claims 1-31 , wherein the pole member is made of one or more of a material selected from the group of plastic, rubber, metal, carbon fiber, and / or silicone.

33. The system of any one of claims 25-32, comprising a safety cable coupling the mounting surface and the pole member.

34. The system of claim 33, wherein the safety cable is located within a circumference of the pole member and the safety cable has a longitudinal length about equal to the longitudinal length of the pole member when expanded.

35. The system of any one of claims 25-32, comprising a safety cable coupling the mounting surface to the coupling mechanism.

36. The system of claim 35, wherein the safety cable is defined within an interior channel of the pole member.

37. The system of any one of claims 25-36, wherein when the safety cable imparts a force on the pole member that is perpendicular to the longitudinal pole axis of the pole member, the pole member is configured to angularly bias away from the longitudinal pole axis.

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