A wearable device for wirelessly powering a neurostimulation device

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a wearable device for wirelessly powering a neurostimulation device implanted in a user The wearable device comprises a power transmitting member, such as an antenna, for wirelessly transmitting power to a receiver of the implanted neurostimulation device. The wearable device also includes a contact pad for contacting at least an underside of the user's mental protuberance and configured to hold the power transmitting member proximal to the user's mental protuberance during use, and a support member configured to engage an anterior portion of the user. An elastic member acts between the support member and the contact pad and acts to bias the contact pad and support member away from each other such that the contact pad is pressed upwards into contact with the underside of the user's mental protuberance during use.

Description

A WEARABLE DEVICE FOR WIRELESSLY POWERING A NEUROSTIMULATIONDEVICE

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a wearable device for wirelessly powering an implanted neurostimulation device, for example an implanted neurostimulation device for treating sleep apnea.BACKGROUND

[0002] Implantable medical devices, such as neurostimulation devices, require a power source in order to operate and deliver the desired therapy. The power source is typically an external power transmitting device that remains external to the user and wirelessly transmits power to the implanted neurostimulation device. The implanted neurostimulation device typically includes a receiver, for example an antenna, and in some cases also includes a rechargeable battery. For the wireless power transfer to be effective, the external power transmitting device is provided in close proximity to the implanted neurostimulation device and may also need to be in alignment.

[0003] When treating sleep apnea there is a need to support the external power transmitting device on the user, in proximity to the implanted neurostimulation device, while maintaining the comfort and freedom of movement of the user while they sleep.BRIEF SUMMARY

[0004] According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a wearable device for wirelessly powering a neurostimulation device implanted in a user's submental area, the wearable device comprising: a power transmitting member, such as an antenna, for wirelessly transmitting power to a receiver of the implanted neurostimulation device; and a support structure for holding the power transmitting member against the user's submental area proximal to the implanted neurostimulation device, wherein the wearable device is configured such that the power transmitting member is aligned with the receiver of the implanted neurostimulation device.

[0005] In examples, the support structure includes one or more straps or bands, for example a neck strap, a neckband, and / or a headband. The straps or bands may be resilient, for example elastic, and may be adjustable. The support structure may include a first arm on which the power transmitting member is mounted, and a second arm having a support member arranged to engage an anterior portion of the user (e.g., the neck and / or chest of the user).

[0006] In examples, the support structure comprises an elastic member arranged to bias the power transmitting member against the user's submental area. In examples, the straps and / or bands are elastic. In examples, the first arm is biased away from the second arm so as to push against the user's anterior portion and to urge the power transmitting member against the user's submental area.

[0007] In some examples, the support structure includes a contact pad and / or a chin cup that holds the power transmitting member. The power transmitting member may be attached, for example removably attachable, to the chin cup, or the power transmitting member may be adhered to the chin cup, or integrated (moulded) into the chin cup.

[0008] In examples, the power transmitting member may be attachable to different locations on the support structure, in particular the chin cup. Accordingly, the power transmitting member can be attached to the support structure such that it is aligned with the implanted neurostimulation device.

[0009] According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a wearable device for wirelessly powering a neurostimulation device implanted in a user's submental area, the wearable device comprising: a power transmitting member, such as an antenna, for wirelessly transmitting power to a receiver of the implanted neurostimulation device; a contact pad for contacting at least an underside of the user’s mental protuberance and configured to hold the power transmitting member proximal to the user's mental protuberance during use; a support member configured to engage an anterior portion of the user; an elastic member acting between the support member and the contact pad to bias the contact pad and support member away from each other such that the power transmittingmember is pressed upwards into contact with the underside of the user’s mental protuberance during use.

[0010] Advantageously, the wearable device holds the power transmitting member in place on the user while permitting the user to move their head around. The elastic member ensures that the power transmitting member maintains contact with the user's skin, maintaining wireless power transfer efficiency. This facilitates sleeping while wearing the wearable device, which is particularly beneficial when used with an implanted neurostimulation device for treating sleep apnea.

[0011] In examples, the support member is configured to engage an anterior portion of the user’s neck and / or chest. In examples, the support member is configured to engage any one or combination of the user’s: collarbone; breastbone and / or platysma, in particular a lower part of the platysma. In this way, the force imparted by the support member on the user does not cause discomfort.

[0012] In examples, the power transmitting member comprises an antenna for wirelessly transmitting power to a receiver of the implanted neurostimulation device. In examples, at least the antenna is embedded within the contact pad or coupled to the contact pad. For example, the antenna may be moulded within the contact pad, or the antenna may be provided in an antenna housing that is attachable to the contact pad. The antenna may be attachable to an inner surface of the contact pad (and thereby contact the user's skin when worn), or an outer surface of the contact pad.

[0013] In examples, the implanted neurostimulation device comprises a capsule and an electrode lead extending from the capsule. The electrode lead may have one or more electrodes implanted proximal to a distal branch of the hypoglossal nerve, such as the genioglossus nerve branch. The capsule may be implanted in the user's submental area. The capsule may comprise the receiver, in particular a power receiving antenna. The power transmitting member may be mounted to the contact pad such that the power transmitting member is aligned with the receiver of the implanted neurostimulation device during use. Alignment may be translational (the power transmitting member overlying the implantation site in the submental area) and / or rotational (the power transmitting member being aligned with the receiver). In particular, in examples the receiver and the power transmitting member may be elongate, and in rotational alignment to provide for efficient wireless power transfer.

[0014] In examples, the elastic member is resiliently deformable. The elastic member may be a spring, or a resiliently deformable insert, for example a rubber insert. The resilient deformability of the elastic member allows the distance between the support member and the contact pad to be varied, providing freedom of movement to the user while holding the contact pad (and power transmitting member) in position.

[0015] In examples, the wearable device may comprise a support structure. The support structure may comprise the support member, the elastic member and a strap for attaching the wearable device to the user.

[0016] In examples, the strap is adjustable. In examples, the strap comprises at least one, for example two, adjusters for adjusting the fit of the strap to match the user’s anatomy. The strap may comprise a strap fastener which couples two areas of the strap together to define a loop. The strap fastener may be adjustable such that a length of the loop can be changed to vary the effective length of the strap. For example, the strap may be configured to couple to itself via a sliding buckle or a hook and loop fastener such as Velcro®. The strap may comprise or essentially consist of fabric.

[0017] In one example, the wearable support comprises at least two independent adjusters for adjusting the fit of the wearable support to match the user’s anatomy. For example, the wearable support may comprise three independent devices for adjusting the fit of the wearable support to match the user’s anatomy.

[0018] In examples, the strap comprises a neck support for engaging a rear of the user’s neck. The neck support may comprise an adjustable neck strap. The neck strap may be elastic.

[0019] In examples, the support structure comprises two attachment points for coupling the neck support to the support member and / or the elastic member. The support structure may be configured such that an effective length of the neck support, measured between the two attachment points, can be adjusted to account for different user neck sizes. One or both of the attachment points may comprise a fastener such as a buckle.

[0020] The wearable support may further comprise a coating or padding. For example, the contact pad and / or the support member may comprise a covering, for example a silicone coating, a fabric sleeve, or other covering. Other parts of the support structure may also include a covering, particularly parts that contact the user's skin. The covering may improve user comfort (e.g., reduce rubbing or irritation), and / or improve the aesthetics of the wearable device.

[0021] In examples, the support structure comprises a first arm and a second arm extending from the neck support. The first arm may comprise the contact pad and the second arm may comprise the support member. The first arm and the second arm may be integrally formed as a single member. In other examples, the first arm may be fixedly coupled to the second arm, e.g. at the attachment points. In some examples, the first arm is fixed to the second arm by one or more elastic members.

[0022] In some examples, the first arm and / or the second arm are resiliently deformable and form the elastic member. The first arm and the second arm may be rigidly coupled to each other, or formed of the same part, and their resilient deformability may act to push the contact pad against the user's mental protuberance when the wearable device is worn.

[0023] In some examples, the elastic member may comprise a spring. For example, a compression spring may be directly coupled between the support member and the contact pad. In another example, the spring may comprise a torsion spring to resiliently couple the second arm to the first arm. The spring member may be configured to increase a spacing between the first arm and the second arm.

[0024] In examples, an effective length of the first arm may be adjusted independently from the effective length of the neck strap. Optionally, the effective length of the first arm may be adjusted independently from an effective length of the second arm. In examples, an effective length of the second arm may be adjusted independently from the effective length of the neck strap. Optionally, the effective length of the second arm may be adjusted independently from the effective length of the first arm. For example each of the first or second arm may have series of apertures that couple to the neck strap. Alternatively, the arms may be coupled to the neck strap by a sliding clamp.

[0025] In examples, the first arm is formed of a first loop extending from a first side of the neck support to a second side of the neck support. The contact pad is arranged on the first loop The second arm comprises a second loop extending from the first side of the neck support to the second side of the neck support. A part of the second arm forms the support member. The first arm and the second arm may be joined to each other at joining portions on opposite sides of the wearable device. In examples, the elastic member is disposed between the first arm and the second arm at or proximate to at least one of the joining portions. The elastic member may join the first arm to the second arm, or the first arm and the second arm may be directly connected to each other, and the elastic member may be attached between the first arm and thesecond arm, proximal to where the first arm and the second arm are joined. In examples, the elastic member is removably attached to the support structure.

[0026] In some examples, the first arm and / or the second arm comprises a channel for an electrical connector, for example a wire, that connects the power transmitting member to a control module. The channel may be formed in a surface of the first arm and / or second arm, or embedded within the first arm and / or second arm.

[0027] In examples, the wearable device comprises a neck strap that extends between the ends of the first arm and the second arm and extends around the back of the user's neck in use. The neck strap may include a buckle for attaching one end of the neck strap to at least one of the first and second arms. The buckle may include a part that is reversibly coupled to the first arm and / or the second arm, for example at a join of the first arm and second arm. The buckle may act to reinforce the first arm and the second arm. This ensure a strong spring force can be achieved even where the first arm and the second arm are integrally formed as a single flexible component. The buckle may comprise the elastic member, or the elastic member may comprise a buckle feature. For example, the elastic member may be an insert that is removably attachable between the first arm and the second arm at a point at which the first arm and the second arm are joined, and the elastic member may include a buckle feature (e.g., an opening or a buckle attachment point). Two elastic members may be provided, one on either side, and both may comprise a buckle feature.

[0028] The wearable device may further comprise a control module for controlling the power transmitting member. The power transmitting member may be coupled to the control module via the electrical connector, for example a wire. The control module may be mounted to the support structure, in particular one of the first arm, second arm, neck support, support member, or contact pad. The control module may be mounted to a part of the support structure for ease of access and use, and for the user's comfort. For example, the control module may be mounted at the rear of the user's neck (e.g., on the neck strap), or on the support member such that the control module sits on the user's chest when worn. In examples, the control module is removably mounted to the support structure. In examples, the control module can be attached to the support structure in a plurality of different positions and / or orientations. This may allow a user to choose the most comfortable or convenient location for the control module.

[0029] In examples, the wearable device further comprises a chin cup for covering at least part of the user’s mental protuberance. The chin cup may comprise the contact pad. Forexample, the contact pad may form an inner surface of the chin cup. The chin cup may be shaped to sit snugly on the user's mental protuberance (end of the user's chin). Advantageously, as the chin cup is held in place by the elastic member, the chin cup acts to hold the power transmitting member in place. When the user turns their head the chin cup will transfer the force to the elastic member and remain in position. In some examples, the chin cup further comprises a chin strap for engaging a mentalis (i.e., the front of the chin) of the user during use to hold the chin cup in position.

[0030] In examples, the power transmitting member is securable to the chin cup at a plurality of locations and / orientations. For example, the power transmitting member may include protrusions that engage mounting holes on the chin cup, or the power transmitting member and chin cup may comprise corresponding hook and loop fasteners. Advantageously, the position of the power transmitting member can be selected and adjusted to provide alignment between the power transmitting member and the implanted neurostimulation device, ensuring efficient wireless power transfer. This adjustability also takes account of the slightly different implantation locations for different users.

[0031] In examples, the power transmitting member is securable to the chin cup by an adhesive. The adhesive may be a peelable or non-peelable adhesive.

[0032] In examples, the wearable device further comprises an anti-rotation portion configured to be located between the shoulder blades of the user to inhibit rotation of the support structure around a neck of the user. Advantageously, the anti-rotation portion will further help to maintain the wearable device in position and hold the power transmitting member against the user's mental protuberance.

[0033] In examples, the wearable device comprises a power source, such as a battery, for powering the power transmitting member. The power source may be mounted to or within the anti-rotation portion.

[0034] In examples, the wearable device comprises a control module for controlling the power transmitting member. The control module may be mounted to or within the anti-rotation portion.

[0035] According to a further aspect of the invention, there is also provided a wearable device for wirelessly powering a neurostimulation device implanted in a user's submental space, the wearable device comprising:a power transmitting member, such as an antenna, for wirelessly transmitting power to a receiver of the implanted neurostimulation device; a neck support securable around a neck of the user during use such that the power transmitting member is located proximal to the implanted neurostimulation device; and an anti-rotation portion configured to be located between the shoulder blades of the user to inhibit rotation of the neck support around the user's neck.

[0036] In examples, the wearable device comprises a power source, such as a battery, for powering the power transmitting member. The power source may be mounted to or within the anti-rotation portion.

[0037] In examples, the wearable device comprises a control module for controlling the power transmitting member. The control module may be mounted to or within the anti-rotation portion.

[0038] In examples of the aspects described above, a position of the power transmitting member on the wearable device is adjustable to move the power transmitting member between a plurality of different locations with respect to the implanted neurostimulation device during use. In examples, position of the power transmitting member on the wearable device is adjustable to move the power transmitting member between a plurality of different orientations with respect to the implanted neurostimulation device during use. For example, the power transmitting member may include protrusions that engage mounting holes on the chin cup, or the power transmitting member and chin cup may comprise corresponding hook and loop fasteners. In other examples, the wearable device may include a plurality of different attachment points for the power transmitting member, which may be coupled to one of the attachment points by clips, a twist lock mechanism, a push fit or snap-fit connection, or using hook and loop fasteners such as Velcro®.

[0039] Advantageously, the position of the power transmitting member can be selected and adjusted to provide alignment between the power transmitting member and the implanted neurostimulation device, ensuring efficient wireless power transfer. This adjustability also takes account of the slightly different implantation locations for different users.

[0040] In other examples, the power transmitting member is adhered to the contact pad (e.g., the inner surface of the chin cup). The power transmitting member may comprise an adhesive patch for adhering it to the contact pad. The power transmitting member may be adhered to thecontact pad during initial fitting of the wearable device to the user such that the power transmitting member is in the correct position each time the wearable device is put on by the user.

[0041] According to a further aspect of the invention, there is also provided a wearable device for wirelessly powering a neurostimulation device implanted in a user's submental space, the wearable device comprising: a power transmitting member, such as an antenna, for wirelessly transmitting power to a receiver of the implanted neurostimulation device; and a support structure for holding the power transmitting member proximal to the implanted neurostimulation device during use, wherein a position of the power transmitting member on the support structure is adjustable to move the power transmitting member between a plurality of different locations and / or orientations with respect to the support structure.

[0042] Advantageously, the position of the power transmitting member can be selected and adjusted to provide alignment between the power transmitting member and the implanted neurostimulation device, ensuring efficient wireless power transfer. This adjustability also takes account of the slightly different implantation locations for different users.

[0043] In examples, the wearable device comprises an indicator such as a visual or audible or tactile (e.g., vibrations) indicator, which outputs an indication of the position and / or alignment of the power transmitting member relative to the implanted neurostimulation device.

[0044] The indicator may be a light or a display, and may be located on the power transmitting member or on the control module. In other examples, the control module may detect or determine a wireless power transfer efficiency and display an indication of that efficiency.

[0045] In other examples, instead of the wearable device including an indicator, the control module may generate and transmit a signal indicative of either (a) the position and / or alignment of the power transmitting member relative to the implanted neurostimulation device, and / or (b) the wireless power transfer efficiency. The signal may be transmitted to an external device, for example an application on a smartphone or computing device. The external device may comprise an indicator for outputting an indication of the position and / or alignment of the powertransmitting member relative to the implanted neurostimulation device. In some examples, the indicator may be used by a clinician when setting up the wearable device. Thereafter, if the power transmitting member is moved out of alignment (e.g., by being knocked), the control module may generate a visual, audible or tactile signal to indicate to the user that the alignment should be checked and adjusted.

[0046] In examples, the wearable device may comprise a locking device to lock rotation and / or translation of the power transmitting member with respect to the support structure. In examples, the power transmitting member is configured to couple to the support structure via clips, a twist lock mechanism, a push fit or snap-fit connection, or using hook and loop fasteners such as Velcro®.

[0047] In examples, the power transmitting member is couplable to the support structure at series of continuous or discrete positions along the support structure. The series of continuous or discrete positions along the support structure may extend along a portion of a lower mandible of the user and / or across the submental area of the user.

[0048] In examples, the wearable device may comprise a power transmission unit. The power transmission unit may comprise the power transmitting member.

[0049] In some examples the power transmission unit may be configured to allow a position of the power transmitting member within the power transmission unit to be adjusted to move the power transmitting member between a plurality of different locations and / or orientations with respect to the power transmission unit. In this way, a user may adjust the location and / or orientation of the power transmitting member to align the power transmitting member for optimal power transmission to the implanted neurostimulation device.

[0050] In examples, the power transmission unit may comprise a first part and a second part. The first part may be reversibly couplable to the second part.

[0051] The power transmission unit may be operable to transform between: a closed configuration, wherein the power transmitting member is immobilised between the first part and the second part; and an open configuration wherein the power transmitting member is movable to vary a location and / or orientation of the power transmitting member with respect to the first part and / or second part.

[0052] The first part may comprise a contact face for contacting a corresponding contact face of the second part when the power transmission unit is in the closed configuration. The contactface of the first part may be termed a first contact face. The contact face of the second part may be termed a second contact face.

[0053] When the power transmission unit is in the closed configuration the first contact face may be in abutting relation to the second contact face. I.e., A whole of the first contact face may contact a whole of the second contact face. When the power transmission unit is in the open configuration the first contact face may be at least partially separated from the second contact face.

[0054] In examples, the power transmission unit may be configured to receive and / or immobilise the power transmitting member at a series of continuous or discrete positions and / or orientations within the power transmission unit.

[0055] The first contact face may be reversibly couplable to the second contact face (e.g., by way of hook and loop fasteners or by a snap-fit connection). In examples, the first contact face may comprise one of: hooks of hook and loop type fasteners; and loops of hook and loop type fasteners. The second contact face may comprise the other of: hooks of hook and loop type fasteners; and loops of a hook and loop type fasteners.

[0056] The power transmitting member may be positioned between the contact face of the first part and the contact face of the second part.

[0057] In the closed configuration the first contact face may be coupled to the second contact face and the power transmitting member may be immobilised between the first contact face and the second contact face.

[0058] In examples, the power transmission unit may comprise a plurality of different cavities for holding the power transmitting member. The power transmitting member may be received within one of the cavities.

[0059] The wearable device (e.g., the support structure and / or the power transmission unit of the wearable device) may comprise a plurality of guides which each indicate a different location at which the power transmitting member may be positioned. The wearable device (e.g., the support structure and / or the power transmission unit of the wearable device) may comprise a plurality of guides which each indicate a different orientation at which the power transmitting member may be located. The wearable device (e.g., the support structure and / or the power transmission unit of the wearable device) may comprise a plurality of guides which each indicate a different location and / or orientation at which the power transmitting member may be positioned.

[0060] The plurality of guides may assist a user in locating the power transmitting member for optimal power transfer. For example, the user may sequentially test a power transmittance of the power transmitting member when it is aligned with each (or a selection of) the plurality of guide members before selecting an alignment with optimal power transmittance.

[0061] In examples, the plurality of guides may be spaced (e.g., regularly) from one another at angular intervals about an arc. Each of the plurality of guides may extend radially away from a point. In examples, the plurality of guides may comprise two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or ten or more guides. For example, the plurality of guides may comprise seven offset by 0°, 25°, 50°, 75°, 100°, 125° and 150° respectively. In examples, the guides may be offset by intervals of greater than or equal to 10° or 15° or 20° or 25° or 30° or 35° or 40°. In examples, the guides may be offset by intervals of less than or equal to 15° or 20° or 25° or 30° or 35° or 40° or 45°. In examples, the plurality of guides may span an arc of greater than or equal to 90° or 100° or 110° or 120° or 130° or 140° or 150° or 160° or 170°. In examples, the plurality of guides may span an arc of less than or equal to 100° or 110° or 120° or 130° or 140° or 150° or 160° or 170° or 180°.

[0062] The power transmission unit may be couplable to the support structure at series of continuous or discrete positions along the support structure.

[0063] Alternatively, the power transmission unit may comprise an attachment surface for attaching the power transmission unit to a skin of the user. For example, the attachment surface may comprise an adhesive. In use, the power transmission unit may be coupled to the user’s skin such that such that the power transmitting member is aligned with the receiver of the implanted neurostimulation device. The power transmission unit may be coupled to the user's submental area, or at a submandibular location. The power transmission unit may be peelable from the user’s skin so it can be re-used. Such an attachment surface is a support structure for holding the power transmitting member proximal to the implanted neurostimulation device during use.

[0064] According to a further aspect of the invention, there is provided a wearable device for wirelessly powering a neurostimulation device implanted in a user's submental space. The wearable device comprises a power transmitting member, such as an antenna, for wirelessly transmitting power to a receiver of the implanted neurostimulation device.

[0065] In examples, the wearable device may comprise a power transmission unit. The power transmission unit may comprise the power transmitting member.

[0066] In some examples the power transmission unit may be configured to allow a position of the power transmitting member within the power transmission unit to be adjusted to move the power transmitting member between a plurality of different locations and / or orientations with respect to the power transmission unit. In this way, a user may adjust the location and / or orientation of the power transmitting member to align the power transmitting member for optimal power transmission to the implanted neurostimulation device.

[0067] In examples, the power transmission unit may comprise a first part and a second part. The first part may be reversibly couplable to the second part.

[0068] The power transmission unit may be operable to transform between: a closed configuration, wherein the power transmitting member is immobilised between the first part and the second part; and an open configuration wherein the power transmitting member is movable to vary a location and / or orientation of the power transmitting member with respect to the first part and / or second part.

[0069] The first part may comprise a contact face for contacting a corresponding contact face of the second part when the power transmission unit is in the closed configuration. The contact face of the first part may be termed a first contact face. The contact face of the second part may be termed a second contact face.

[0070] When the power transmission unit is in the closed configuration the first contact face may be in abutting relation to the second contact face. I.e., A whole of the first contact face may contact a whole of the second contact face. When the power transmission unit is in the open configuration the first contact face may be at least partially separated from the second contact face.

[0071] In examples, the power transmission unit may be configured to receive and / or immobilise the power transmitting member at a series of continuous or discrete positions and / or orientations within the power transmission unit.

[0072] The first contact face may be reversibly couplable to the second contact face (e.g., by way of hook and loop fasteners or by a snap-fit connection). In examples, the first contact face may comprise one of: hooks of hook and loop type fasteners; and loops of hook and loop type fasteners. The second contact face may comprise the other of: hooks of hook and loop type fasteners; and loops of a hook and loop type fasteners.

[0073] The power transmitting member may be positioned between the contact face of the first part and the contact face of the second part.

[0074] In the closed configuration the first contact face may be coupled to the second contact face and the power transmitting member may be immobilised between the first contact face and the second contact face.

[0075] In examples, the power transmission unit may comprise a plurality of different cavities for holding the power transmitting member. The power transmitting member may be received within one of the cavities.

[0076] The wearable device (e.g., the support structure and / or the power transmission unit of the wearable device) may comprise a plurality of guides which each indicate a different location at which the power transmitting member may be positioned. The wearable device (e.g., the support structure and / or the power transmission unit of the wearable device) may comprise a plurality of guides which each indicate a different orientation at which the power transmitting member may be located. The wearable device (e.g., the support structure and / or the power transmission unit of the wearable device) may comprise a plurality of guides which each indicate a different location and / or orientation at which the power transmitting member may be positioned.

[0077] The plurality of guides may assist a user in locating the power transmitting member for optimal power transfer. For example, the user may sequentially test a power transmittance of the power transmitting member when it is aligned with each (or a selection of) the plurality of guide members before selecting an alignment with optimal power transmittance.

[0078] In examples, the plurality of guides may be spaced (e.g., regularly) from one another at angular intervals about an arc. Each of the plurality of guides may extend radially away from a point. In examples, the plurality of guides may comprise two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or ten or more guides. For example, the plurality of guides may comprise seven offset by 0°, 25°, 50°, 75°, 100°, 125° and 150° respectively. In examples, the guides may be offset by intervals of greater than or equal to 10° or 15° or 20° or 25° or 30° or 35° or 40°. In examples, the guides may be offset by intervals of less than or equal to 15° or 20° or 25° or 30° or 35° or 40° or 45°. In examples, the plurality of guides may span an arc of greater than or equal to 90° or 100° or 110° or 120° or 130° or 140° or 150° or 160° or 170°. In examples, the plurality of guides may span an arc of less than or equal to 100° or 110° or 120° or 130° or 140° or 150° or 160° or 170° or 180°.

[0079] In examples, the power transmission unit may comprise an attachment surface for attaching the power transmission unit to a skin of the user. For example, the attachment surfacemay comprise an adhesive. In use, the power transmission unit may be coupled to the user’s skin such that such that the power transmitting member is aligned with the receiver of the implanted neurostimulation device. The power transmission unit may be coupled to the user's submental area, or at a submandibular location. The power transmission unit may be peelable from the user’s skin so it can be re-used. Such an attachment surface is a support structure for holding the power transmitting member proximal to the implanted neurostimulation device during use.

[0080] The wearable device may further comprise a support structure for holding the power transmission unit proximal to the implanted neurostimulation device during use.

[0081] The power transmission unit may be couplable to the support structure at series of continuous or discrete positions along the support structure.

[0082] The support structure may have any combination of features discussed herein in relation to a support structure. For example, the support structure may comprise a chin cup. The power transmission unit may be couplable to the chin cup.

[0083] The support structure may include a headband that extends from the chin cup over a top part of the user's head, and / or a neckband that extends around the user's neck. The headband and / or the neckband may be elastic so as to impart a biasing force urging the chin cup into contact with the user's chin and holding the chin cup in place. In other examples, the headband and the neckband may be inelastic and can be tightened to hold the chin cup in place. In both cases the headband and the neckband may be adjustable, for example by a sliding buckle or hook and loop fasteners.

[0084] In examples, the support structure may comprise a first arm, and a second arm having a support member arranged to engage an anterior portion of the user.

[0085] The support structure may comprise a dock for reversibly coupling the power transmission unit to the support structure. The dock may form part of the chin cup or headband or neckband or first arm of the support structure. The dock may be configured to overlie a submental area of the user when the support structure is worn by the user. In examples, the dock may be located on a user facing surface of the support structure. The dock may comprise an attachment surface for reversibly coupling to a corresponding attachment surface of the power transmission unit. For example, the attachment surface of the dock may comprise one of: hooks of hook and loop type fasteners; and loops of hook and loop type fasteners. Theattachment surface of the power transmission unit may comprise the other of: hooks of hook and loop type fasteners; and loops of a hook and loop type fasteners.

[0086] In examples, the power transmission unit may be at least partially received within the dock when the power transmission unit is coupled to the support structure. The power transmission unit may be wholly received within the dock when the power transmission unit is coupled to the support structure. In examples, the dock may comprise a pouch (e.g., a fabric pouch) for receiving the power transmission unit therein. For example, the support structure (e.g., the chin cup or headband or neckband or first arm of the support structure) may comprise an aperture for accessing the pouch. The user may pass the power transmission unit through the aperture into the pouch to position the power transmission unit for wirelessly transmitting power to a receiver of an implanted neurostimulation device.

[0087] The dock may be configured to prevent or inhibit movement of the power transmission unit with respect to the support structure when the power transmission unit is coupled to the dock. For example, an interior profile of the pouch may substantially match an exterior profile of the power transmission unit. Beneficially, this may inhibit the power transmitting member from becoming misaligned with the neurostimulation device. The power transmission unit may be at least partially flexible (e.g., elastic). The size and shape of the aperture (and optionally the pouch) may require the power transmission unit to be bent or folded to pass through the aperture into the pouch. Beneficially this may help to prevent the power transmission unit from inadvertently moving out of the pouch during use.

[0088] In examples, the power transmission unit may be configured to fixedly couple to the dock.

[0089] The wearable device may comprise a control module for controlling the power transmitting member. The power transmitting member may be coupled to the control module via an electrical connector, for example a wire. The control module may be mounted to, or form part of, the support structure. In examples, the control module is removably mounted to the support structure. In examples, the control module can be attached to the support structure in a plurality of different positions and / or orientations. This may allow a user to choose the most comfortable or convenient location for the control module.

[0090] In examples the wearable device may comprise an external module which is electrically connected to the power transmitting member. The external module may be spaced from the support structure and / or the power transmission unit. For example, the externalmodule may be spaced from the power transmission unit and / or the support structure and interconnected by an electrical connector such as a wire.

[0091] The external module may comprise the control module. In examples, the external module may comprise a power source such as a battery for powering the power transmitting member. The control module and battery may control the power transmission to the implanted neurostimulation device and provide power and / or control signals to the power transmitting member. Separation between the control module and the power transmission unit may improve the electric field for power transmission by reducing disturbance from the control module.

[0092] In some examples, the support structure may comprise a channel for the electrical connector. The channel may pass through at least part of the support structure. The channel may have a first end proximal to the power transmission unit and / or dock and a second end distal from the power transmission unit and / or dock. The electrical connector may extend through the channel to connect the power transmission unit and / or dock on one side of the channel to the control module on the other side of the channel.

[0093] In examples, the wearable device may comprise a plurality of power transmitting members. For example, the power transmission unit of the wearable device may comprise a plurality of power transmitting members. In other examples, the or each power transmitting member may form part of the support structure.

[0094] Each of the plurality of power transmitting members may have any combination of features discussed herein in association with the / a power transmitting member or antenna. Each of the plurality of power transmitting members may be positioned at a different location and / or orientation to each of the other power transmitting members. For example, the wearable device (e.g., the power transmission unit of the wearable device) may comprise a series of power transmitting members each located at different orientations. At least two of the plurality of power transmitting members may overlap with one another. In examples, the plurality of power transmitting members may at least partially overlap with one or more others of the plurality of power transmitting members. In some examples, each of the plurality of power transmitting members may not overlap any others of the plurality of power transmitting members.

[0095] The plurality of power transmitting members may be spaced (e.g., regularly) at angular intervals about an arc. Each of the plurality of power transmitting members may extend radially away from a point. In examples, the power transmitting members may be offset by intervals of greater than or equal to 10° or 15° or 20° or 25° or 30° or 35° or 40°. In examples,the power transmitting members may be offset by intervals of less than or equal to 15° or 20° or 25° or 30° or 35° or 40° or 45°. In examples, the plurality of power transmitting members may span an arc of greater than or equal to 90° or 100° or 110° or 120° or 130° or 140° or 150° or 160° or 170°. In examples, the plurality of power transmitting members may span an arc of less than or equal to 100° or 110° or 120° or 130° or 140° or 150° or 160° or 170° or 180°.

[0096] Each of the plurality of power transmitting members may be electrically coupled to the control module. Each of the plurality of power transmitting members may be controlled by the control module. The control module may be configured to independently control each of the plurality of power transmitting members. The control module may be configured to selectively activate each of the plurality of power transmitting members so that electrical power is provided to any one or combination of the power transmitting members to wirelessly charge the neurostimulation device.

[0097] In examples, the control module may be configured to detect or determine a wireless power transmission efficiency for example by receiving power transmission feedback signals from the implanted neurostimulation device. For example, the control module may be configured to detect or determine a power coupling ratio between the receiver of the implanted neurostimulation device and the power transmitting member. In examples where the wearable device comprises a plurality of power transmitting members, the control module may be configured to determine a wireless power transmission efficiency (e.g., a power coupling ratio) for each of the plurality of power transmitting members. The determined wireless power transmission efficiency of each of the plurality of power transmitting members may be recorded in a local or external memory. The control module may be configured to switch which of the plurality of power transmitting members is active (i.e., is being controlled to wirelessly deliver power to the receiver of the implanted neurostimulation device). The control module may be configured to determine which of the plurality of power transmitting members is active on the basis of the determined wireless power transmission efficiencies associated with each power transmitting member.

[0098] In examples, the control module may be configured to activate the power transmitting member with the highest (recorded) wireless power transmission efficiency.

[0099] In examples, the control module may be configured to activate a selection of the power transmitting members with the highest (recorded) wireless power transmission efficiencies. The selection of the power transmitting members may comprise two or more power transmittingmembers. For example, the control module may be configured to activate the two power transmitting members with the highest recorded wireless power transmission efficiencies. The control module may weight a power provided to each of the selection of power transmitting members according to their wireless power transmission efficiencies. For example, a power transmitting member with a higher wireless power transmission efficiency may receive more power than a power transmitting member with a lower wireless power transmission efficiency.

[0100] In examples, the control module may be configured to determine wireless transfer efficiencies and determine which of the plurality of power transmitting members to activate automatically.

[0101] Where present, the dock may electrically couple the power transmitting member of the power transmission unit to the support structure. In other examples, the dock may only physically couple the power transmission unit to the support structure and the electrical connector may directly connect the power transmission unit and / or power transmitting member(s) to the control module.

[0102] In examples, multiple power transmission units may be provided. For example, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or ten or more power transmission units may be provided. Each of the multiple power transmission units may have any combination of features discussed herein in relation to the / a power transmission unit.

[0103] Each of the multiple power transmission units be configured to couple to the support structure (e.g., via the dock). The dock may be configured to couple to only one of the power transmission units at any time.

[0104] Each power transmission unit may be positioned within its power transmitting member at a different location and / or orientation than each of the other power transmitting members are positioned in their respective power transmission units. For example, each of the power transmission units may be substantially similar to each of the other power transmission units with the exception of the location and / or orientation of their power transmitting members.

[0105] Each of the multiple power transmission units may be configured such that when it is coupled to the support structure its power transmitting member is at a different location and / or orientation than the power transmitting members of each of the other power transmission units when they are coupled to the support structure.

[0106] In examples, the power transmitting members of each of the multiple power transmission units may be spaced (e.g., regularly) from the power transmitting members ofothers of the multiple power transmission units at regular angular intervals (e.g., about a virtual arc). For example, five power transmission units may be provided with their power transmitting members offset by 0°, 30°, 60°, 90°, 120° respectively. In examples, the power transmitting members of the power transmission units may be offset by intervals of 10° or 15° or 20° or 25° or 30° or 35° or 40° or 45°. In examples, the power transmitting members may be offset by intervals of greater than or equal to 10° or 15° or 20° or 25° or 30° or 35° or 40°. In examples, the power transmitting members may be offset by intervals of less than or equal to 15° or 20° or 25° or 30° or 35° or 40° or 45°. In examples, the virtual arc may be of greater than or equal to 90° or 100° or 110° or 120° or 130° or 140° or 150° or 160° or 170°. In examples, the virtual arc may be less than or equal to 100° or 110° or 120° or 130° or 140° or 150° or 160° or 170° or 180°.

[0107] By selecting an appropriate power transmission unit, the user may align the power transmitting member to optimise power transmission to the implanted neurostimulation device.

[0108] In some examples, each of the multiple power transmission units may comprise more than one power transmitting member.

[0109] According to a further aspect of the invention, there is provided a kit of parts configured to be assembled to form a wearable device for wirelessly powering a neurostimulation device implanted in a user's submental space, the kit of parts comprising: a support structure for holding a power transmission unit proximal to the implanted neurostimulation device during use; and multiple power transmission units each comprising a power transmitting member, such as an antenna, for wirelessly transmitting power to a receiver of the implanted neurostimulation device, wherein each of the multiple power transmission units are configured such that when they are coupled to the support structure their power transmitting member is at a different location and / or orientation than the power transmitting members of each of the other multiple power transmission units when they are coupled to the support structure.

[0110] The support structure may have any combination of features discussed herein in relation to a support structure.

[0111] Each of the multiple power transmission units may have any combination of features discussed herein in relation to a power transmission unit.

[0112] In examples, the kit of parts may comprise two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or ten or more power transmission units.

[0113] Each of the multiple power transmission units be configured to couple to the support structure (e.g., via a dock). The support structure may be configured to couple to only one of the power transmission units at any time.

[0114] Each power transmission unit may be positioned within its power transmitting member at a different location and / or orientation than each of the other power transmitting members are positioned in their respective power transmission units. For example, each of the power transmission units may be substantially similar to each of the other power transmission units with the exception of the location and / or orientation of their power transmitting members.

[0115] Each of the multiple power transmission units may be configured such that when it is coupled to the support structure its power transmitting member is at a different location and / or orientation than the power transmitting members of each of the other power transmission units when they are coupled to the support structure.

[0116] In examples, the power transmitting members of each of the multiple power transmission units may be spaced from the power transmitting members of others of the multiple power transmission units at angular intervals (e.g., regular angular intervals) about an arc. For example, five power transmission units may be provided with their power transmitting members offset by 0°, 30°, 60°, 90°, 120° respectively. In examples, the power transmitting members of the power transmission units may be offset by intervals of 10° or 15° or 20° or 25° or 30° or 35° or 40° or 45°. In examples, the power transmitting members may be offset by intervals of greater than or equal to 10° or 15° or 20° or 25° or 30° or 35° or 40°. In examples, the power transmitting members may be offset by intervals of less than or equal to 15° or 20° or 25° or 30° or 35° or 40° or 45°. In examples, the virtual arc may be of greater than or equal to 90° or 100° or 110° or 120° or 130° or 140° or 150° or 160° or 170°. In examples, the virtual arc may be less than or equal to 100° or 110° or 120° or 130° or 140° or 150° or 160° or 170° or 180°.

[0117] By selecting an appropriate power transmission unit, the user may align the power transmitting member to optimise power transmission to the implanted neurostimulation device.

[0118] In some examples, each of the multiple power transmission units may comprise more than one power transmitting member.

[0119] Features, integers, characteristics or groups described in conjunction with a particular aspect, embodiment or example of the invention are to be understood to be applicable to any other aspect, embodiment or example described herein unless incompatible therewith. All of the features disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), and / or all of the steps of any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations where at least some of such features and / or steps are mutually exclusive. The invention is not restricted to the details of any foregoing embodiments. The invention extends to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the features disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), or to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the steps of any method or process so disclosed.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0120] Examples of the invention are described hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0121] FIG. 1 illustrates the anatomy of a user's neck region.

[0122] FIG. 2 illustrates the musculoskeletal anatomy of the user's region.

[0123] FIG. 3 illustrates an example wearable device for holding a power transmitting member in proximity to an implanted neurostimulation device.

[0124] FIG. 4A illustrates the example wearable device of FIG. 3 with the user's head in a downward position.

[0125] FIG. 4B illustrates the example wearable device of FIG. 3 with the user's head in a upward position.

[0126] FIG. 5 illustrates a further example wearable device for holding a power transmitting member in proximity to an implanted neurostimulation device.

[0127] FIG. 6 illustrates a further example wearable device for holding a power transmitting member in proximity to an implanted neurostimulation device.

[0128] FIG. 7A illustrates a further example wearable device for holding a power transmitting member in proximity to an implanted neurostimulation device.

[0129] FIG. 7B illustrates a side view of the wearable device of FIG. 7A.

[0130] FIG. 7C illustrates a further view of the wearable device of FIG. 7A.

[0131] FIG. 8 illustrates an example wearable device, and in particular how the power transmitting member is secured to the wearable device.

[0132] FIG. 9A illustrates an example power transmitting member for the wearable device.

[0133] FIG. 9B illustrates a further example power transmitting member for the wearable device.

[0134] FIG. 9C illustrates a further example power transmitting member for the wearable device.

[0135] FIG. 10 illustrates examples of an orientation of the power transmitting member on the wearable device.

[0136] FIG. 11 illustrates a further example wearable device for holding a power transmitting member in proximity to an implanted neurostimulation device.

[0137] FIG. 12 illustrates a further example wearable device for holding a power transmitting member in proximity to an implanted neurostimulation device.

[0138] FIG. 13 A illustrates a further example wearable device for holding a power transmitting member in proximity to an implanted neurostimulation device.

[0139] FIG. 13B illustrates a power transmitting member of the example wearable device of FIG. 13 A.

[0140] FIG. 14 illustrates a further example wearable device for holding a power transmitting member in proximity to an implanted neurostimulation device.

[0141] FIG. 15 illustrates a further example wearable device for holding a power transmitting member in proximity to an implanted neurostimulation device.

[0142] FIG. 16 illustrates a kit of parts configured to be assembled to form the wearable device of FIG. 15.

[0143] FIG. 17 illustrates a further example wearable device for holding a power transmitting member in proximity to an implanted neurostimulation device.

[0144] FIG. 18 illustrates an example layout of the power transmitting members within an example wearable device.

[0145] FIG. 19 is a schematic illustration of an example control module configuration.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0146] An example of an implantable medical device is an implantable neurostimulation system that targets specific deep subcortical, cortical, spinal, cranial, and peripheral nerve structures, for treatment of pain in patients. Neurostimulation is an alternative to pain medication and nerve block injections. It is associated with fewer side effects than many medications and can reduce the potential for drug dependency. The implantable medical device may be located underneath the skin of a user at some depth depending on the type of implantable medical device and the target nerve.

[0147] In the examples described herein the implanted device is an implanted neurostimulation device for treating sleep apnea. The implantable neurostimulation device may be as described in applicant's co-pending application PCT / EP2023 / 066176, which is hereby fully incorporated by reference.

[0148] The implanted neurostimulation device comprises at least one electrode for stimulating a target nerve, such as the hypoglossal nerve. The electrode may be provided on an electrode lead that is implanted in the user's tissue, proximal to the target nerve. The implanted neurostimulation device also has a capsule which is implanted at a shallow depth relative to the electrode. For example, the capsule may be implanted in the user's submental area, or at a submandibular location. The electrodes may be implanted to stimulate a branch of the hypoglossal nerve, in particular the genioglossus nerve branch and / or the genioglossus muscle. The capsule may be implanted closer to the user's skin than the electrodes (electrode lead). The capsule may be implanted in the submental area (also termed submental space or submental triangle), proximal to the mandibular symphysis. The capsule may have an elongate, for example cylindrical, form. The capsule (and the electrode lead) may be angled with respect to the mandibular symphysis. The capsule may be disposed closer to the mandibular symphysis than the electrode lead, and the implant may extend at an angle of between about 10 degrees and 40 degrees to the mandibular symphysis in the submental plane.

[0149] The implanted neurostimulation device may comprise a receiver for receiving electrical energy from an external power transmitting device, for example a wireless power transmitter. In some examples, the implanted neurostimulation device may include a battery that is charged by the external power transmitting device. In other examples the implanted neurostimulation device does not comprise a battery and instead the implanted neurostimulation device is powered directly by the external power transmitting device. One or more capacitors orother non-battery power storage components may be provided. Typically, the receiver is a Radio-Frequency (RF) receiver. The RF receiver converts radio waves from the external power transmitting device into useable electrical energy for the implant. The RF receiver includes a power receiving member, which may be an antenna. The external power transmitting device includes a power transmitting member, for example an antenna, in particular a corresponding RF antenna.

[0150] In examples, the receiver and the external power transmitting device are configured in such a way that they can operate in any of regions; near-field, mid-field and far-field.

[0151] In other examples the external power transmitting device may transfer power to the receiver by other wireless power transfer mechanisms, such as induction or magnetic coupling.

[0152] FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 illustrate the anatomy of the user 100 in which such an implanted neurostimulation device may be provided. FIG. 1 shows an external view of the user 100 with different areas of the user's anatomy indicated, including the submandibular triangle 126 and the submental triangle 118. FIG. 2 illustrates the underlying musculoskeletal anatomy of the user 100, including the mandible 112, the anterior digastric muscle 110, the submental triangle 118, and the platysma 108.

[0153] As described above, the examples described herein include an implanted neurostimulation device that comprises a capsule and an electrode lead extending from the capsule. The receiver may be provided in the capsule, or in the electrode lead, or in both the capsule and the electrode lead (either extending between both or with two separate parts, e.g., two antennae).

[0154] In examples, the receiver of the implanted neurostimulation device may be implanted in the submental triangle 118, and may be proximal to and / or aligned with the anterior digastric muscle 110 illustrated in FIG. 2. The receiver may be within the capsule and / or electrode lead of the implanted neurostimulation device. In one example, the receiver is in the capsule, which is implanted in the submental triangle 118.

[0155] In other examples, the receiver of the implanted neurostimulation device may be positioned at or proximal to the submandibular triangle 126 as illustrated in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2.

[0156] The electrode lead may have one or more electrodes implanted proximal to a distal branch of the hypoglossal nerve. For example the electrode lead may comprise one or more electrodes implanted proximal to a distal branch of the hypoglossal nerve (e.g., genioglossus nerve branch).

[0157] FIG. 3 illustrates a wearable device 300 for wirelessly powering a neurostimulation device that has implanted in a user 100. The wearable device 300 comprises a power transmitting member 308 for wirelessly transmitting power to the receiver of the implanted neurostimulation device. In this example, the power transmitting member 308 comprises an antenna for wirelessly transmitting power to the receiver of the implanted neurostimulation device. In other examples the power transmitting member 308 may comprise another type of power transmitting member such as an induction coil. As described further hereinafter, the power transmitting member 308 is integrated into the wearable device 300.

[0158] The wearable device 300 comprises a support structure 302 for holding the power transmitting member 308 against the user's skin, proximal to the implanted neurostimulation device.

[0159] In this example, the support structure 302 includes a chin cup 304 for covering at least part of the user’s mental protuberance 124. The chin cup 304 includes a contact pad 306 for contacting an underside of the user’s mental protuberance 124. In this example, the power transmitting member 308 is embedded within the contact pad 306. In other examples the power transmitting member 308 may be coupled to the chin cup 304. For example, the power transmitting member 308 may be coupled to an inner surface of the chin cup 304 that faces the user when the wearable device 300 is worn. Alternately, the power transmitting member 308 may be coupled to an exterior surface 310 of the chin cup 304.

[0160] The chin cup 304 acts to hold the power transmitting member 308 proximal to the implanted neurostimulation device. In particular., the power transmitting member 308, for example antenna, is positioned to align with the receiver of the implanted neurostimulation device. The alignment is preferably translational (the power transmitting member 308 overlies the implanted neurostimulation device) and rotational (the power transmitting member 308 is parallel to the receiver of the implanted neurostimulation device).

[0161] For example, the power transmitting member 308, in particular the antenna, may be positioned parallel to the distal branch of the hypoglossal nerve. In examples, the power transmitting member 308, in particular the antenna, may be located overlying submandibular triangle 126 or submental triangle 118 illustrated in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2.

[0162] As shown, the support structure 302 comprises a support member 312 configured to engage an anterior portion of the user 100. In particular, the support member 312 is configured to engage an anterior portion of the user’s neck and / or chest. In this example, the supportmember 312 engages the user’s collarbone. In examples, the support member may comprise a support pad for engaging an anterior of the user 100. The support member 312 is formed as a second arm 326.

[0163] The support structure 302 also includes a first arm 324 on which the chin cup 304 (and power transmitting member 308) is mounted.

[0164] The first arm 324 and the second arm 326 are each formed of a U-shaped member that has ends that are positioned at the sides of the user's neck. The first arm 324 extends under the mandible on both sides and hold the chin cup 304 on the user's mental protuberance. The second arm 326 extends from the sides of the user's neck and position the support member 312 on the anterior of the user 100 as described above.

[0165] The support structure 302 also comprises an elastic member 314 that acts between the first arm 324 and the second arm 326 to urge the first arm 324 away from the second arm 326. In this example the elastic member 314 has two parts, one on either side of the user's neck, and only one is visible in FIG. 3. The elastic member 314 acts against the user at the support member 312 to urge the chin cup 304 against the user's mental protuberance in the upwards direction as indicated by the arrow in FIG. 3. This holds the power transmitting member 308 in place. The power transmitting member 308 is thereby held in place in alignment with the implanted neurostimulation device.

[0166] The elastic member 314 also allows the first arm 324 and the second arm 326 to move towards and away from each other to allow the user to move their head while wearing the wearable device 300 and still hold the power transmitting member 308 in position, as shown in FIG. 4 A and FIG. 4B.

[0167] The first arm 324 and / or the second arm 326 may be rigid or have some flexibility or resilience, or elasticity, which may improve freedom of movement of the user's head while wearing the wearable device 300.

[0168] As shown in FIG. 3, the wearable device 300 also includes a neck strap 328. The neck strap 328 passes through both of the elastic members 314 (on either side of the user's neck) and across the back of the user's neck. The neck strap 328 acts to hold the support structure 302 on the user. The neck strap 328 is adjustable (e.g., with hook and loop fasteners), allowing the tightness of the neck strap 328 to be adjusted to hold the support structure 302 firmly on the user.

[0169] The tension in the neck strap 328 also holds the chin cup 304 against the user's mental protuberance 124 by urging it posteriorly, as indicated by the sideways arrow in FIG. 3.

[0170] The combination of the upwards biasing from the first adjusting device 316 and the posterior biasing of the neck strap 328 advantageously holds the chin cup 304 in place on the user's chin. Both biasing forces act to hold the chin cup 304 in place as the user moves their head up and down (as shown in FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B) and side-to-side. For example, in the illustration of FIG. 3 the user has turned their head partially to the side and the biasing forces have held the chin cup 304 in position. Advantageously, the wearable device 300 may be worn by a user while sleeping, in particular to power an implanted neurostimulation device for treating sleep apnea.

[0171] As illustrated, the connection between the first arm 324 and the elastic member 314 includes a first adjusting device 316 allowing the length of the first arm 324 from the elastic member 314 to be adjusted. In particular, the first arm 324 includes a first series of apertures 320 at which the first arm 324 is attached to the elastic member 314. The first adjusting device 316 may be provided on one side or both sides.

[0172] Similarly, the connection between the second arm 326 and the elastic member 314 includes a second adjusting device 318 that allows the length of the second arm 326 from the elastic member 314 to be adjusted. The second adjusting device 318 includes a second series of apertures 322 at which the second arm 326 is attached to the elastic member 314. The second adjusting device 318 may be provided on one side or both sides.

[0173] The wearable device 300 can thereby be adjusted to fit the user and hold the chin cup 304 in position on the user's mental protuberance 124.

[0174] FIG. 5 shows another example of a wearable device 500. The wearable device 500 is similar to that of FIG. 3 and only differences are described in detail.

[0175] As with the previous example, the wearable device 500 includes a support structure 502 that includes a first arm 524 and a second arm 526. A chin cup 504 is mounted on the first arm 524 and supported against the user's mental protuberance. The second arm 526 forms a support member 512 that acts against the user's anterior portion (neck or chest). The chin cup 504 includes a contact pad and a power transmitting member as with the example of FIG. 3.

[0176] In this example, the first arm 524 and the second arm 526 are formed of the same part and formed of a resilient material. The first arm 524 and the second arm 526 thereby form anelastic member themselves, and the first arm 524 is resiliently biased away from the second arm 526 in a similar manner to the example of FIG. 3.

[0177] The support structure 502 includes a strap loop 530 on either side, through which a neck strap 528 is connected to secure the wearable device 500 to the user. The effective lengths of the first arm 524 and the second arm 526 are adjusted by tightening and loosening the neck strap 528 to move the entire support structure 502 posteriorly or anteriorly, respectively.

[0178] FIG. 6 shows another example of a wearable device 600. The wearable device 600 is similar to that of FIG. 5 and only differences are described in detail.

[0179] As with the previous examples, the wearable device 600 includes a support structure 602 that includes a first arm 624 and a second arm 626. A chin cup 604 is mounted on the first arm 624 and supported against the user's mental protuberance. The second arm 626 forms a support member 612 that acts against the user's anterior portion (neck or chest). The chin cup 604 includes a contact pad and a power transmitting member as with the example of FIG. 5.

[0180] As with the example of FIG. 5, the first arm 624 and the second arm 626 are formed of the same part and formed of a resilient material. The first arm 624 is thereby biased against the user's mental protuberance and the second arm 526 is biased against the user's anterior. The support structure 602 includes a strap loop 630 on either side, through which a neck strap 628 is connected to secure the wearable device 600 to the user.

[0181] In this example, an anti-rotation portion 632 is attached to the neck strap 628 at a location on the posterior side of the user's neck. The anti-rotation portion 632 extends down towards the user's back and sits between the user's shoulder blades when the wearable device 600 is worn.

[0182] The anti-rotation portion 632 acts as a kind of anchor that helps to prevent rotation of the wearable device 600, and in particular the neck strap 628.

[0183] In examples, the wearable device 600 the includes a control module 634 and / or a battery 636. The battery 636 may be a power source, and the control module 634 may include control electronics. The control module 634 and battery 636 may control the power transmission to the implanted neurostimulation device and provide power and / or control signals to the power transmitting member (antenna). The control module 634 and battery 636 may be connected to the power transmitting member (antenna) by a wire that runs along, or within, the support structure 602. In this example the control module 634 and battery 636 are located in the anti-rotation portion 632, or the control module 634 forms the anti-rotation portion 632.Advantageously, the anti-rotation portion 632 has a flat and elongate housing that sits flat against the user's back to prevent rotation while still allowing the user to lay flat on their back, for example while sleeping. The anti-rotation portion 632 may include a loop or buckle through which the neck strap 628 passes to secure it thereto.

[0184] FIG. 7A to FIG. 7C illustrate another example of a wearable device . The wearable device 600 is similar to that of FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 and only differences are described in detail.

[0185] As with the previous examples, the wearable device 700 includes a support structure 702 that includes a first arm 724 and a second arm 726. A chin cup 704 is mounted on the first arm 724 to be supported against the user's mental protuberance during use. The second arm 726 forms a support member 712 that acts against the user's anterior portion (neck or chest) during use. The chin cup 704 includes a contact pad 706 and a power transmitting member as with the example of FIG. 5 and FIG. 6.

[0186] As with the example of FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, the first arm 724 and the second arm 726 are formed of the same part and formed of a resilient material. The first arm 724 is thereby biased against the user's mental protuberance and the second arm 726 is biased against the user's anterior. Additionally, in this example, elastic members 714 are provided between the first arm 724 and the second arm 726 at the joins between the first arm 724 and the second arm 726 on either side. The elastic members 714 include clip grooves that clip onto the first arm 724 and the second arm 726 to hold them in place, and they may be removable. The elastic members 714 are made from a resilient material, for example rubber, and act to urge the first arm 724 away from the second arm 726.

[0187] In this example, the neck strap 728 connects between the two elastic members 714. The neck strap 728 is attached to one of the elastic members 714 and include a buckle that cooperates with a buckle clip 740 on the other elastic member 714 to secure the neck strap 728 during use. The neck strap 728 is adjustable, for example with a sliding buckle or hook and loop fasteners.

[0188] In this example, the first arm 724 also include a chin strap 738 that is arranged to sit across the user's mentalis (between the bottom lip and mental protuberance) when worn. The chin strap 738 further helps to hold the chin cup 704 in place on the user's mental protuberance. In this example the chin strap 738 is a loop that extends from the first arm 724, but it may alternatively extend from the chin cup 704.

[0189] In this example, the control module 734, with control electronics and battery 736, is provided in a housing 742 that attaches to the second arm 726. In particular, the housing 742 attaches at a lower part of the second arm 726 and sits against the user's anterior (specifically the top of the chest) when worn. As shown most clearly in FIG. 7C, the housing 742 includes a plurality of clips that attach the housing 742 to the second arm 726. The clips 744 may allow the housing 742 to be attached in a number of different orientations for user comfort.

[0190] In an alternative example, one or more parts of the control module 734 may be housed in the elastic member 714. In particular, the control electronics and / or battery 736 may be housed within the elastic member 714. One of the elastic members 714 may hold the battery 736, and the other elastic member 714 may house the control electronics. In other examples, one or more parts of the control module 734 may be housed in other parts of the wearable device, in particular the support structure.

[0191] FIG. 8 shows another example wearable device 800, and in particular illustrates how the power transmitting member 808 is coupled to the wearable device 800. The example coupling of the power transmitting member 808 to the wearable device 800 is applicable any of the other example wearable devices 300, 500, 600, 700 described above. As with the other examples, the wearable device 800 includes a support structure 802 with a first arm 824 and a second arm 826. A chin cup 804 is connected on the first arm 824 and the second arm 826 includes a support member 812. A neck strap 828 is provided for securing the wearable device 800 to the user. In this example the wearable device 800 includes elastic members 814 to urge the first arm 824 and the second arm 826 apart, as described with reference to FIG. 7A to FIG. 7C.

[0192] The power transmitting member 808 comprises an antenna 848 and a wire 850. The wire 850 is an electrical connector joining the antenna 848 to the control module, for example the control module 734 illustrated in FIG. 7A to FIG. 7B or the control module 634 illustrated in FIG. 6.

[0193] One side of the first arm 824 includes a groove 852 along which the wire 850 is routed. The groove 852 is sized to retain the wire 850, for example by push-fit. Additionally or alternatively, one or more clips or jaws may be provided to hold the wire 850 in the groove 852. The groove 852 extends along the first arm 824 from the location of the chin cup 804 to the location of the elastic member 814 on that side. In some examples, such as the wearabledevice 700 of FIG. 7A to FIG. 7C, the wire 850 may extend in a corresponding groove in the second arm 826, or it may extend apart from the support structure 802 to the control module.

[0194] The antenna 848 is connected to the chin cup 804, and in particular to the contact pad 806 on the inside of the chin cup 804, in contact with the user's skin during use.

[0195] The power transmitting member 808 of this example is shown in more detail in FIG. 9A. The power transmitting member 808 includes the antenna 848 and the wire 850. The antenna 848 is formed in an antenna housing 902, which may be at least partially cylindrical. The antenna housing 902 includes an adhesive pad 904 for adhering the antenna housing 902 to the contact pad 806 as shown in FIG. 8. The user, or a clinician, may adhere the antenna housing 902 to the contact pad 806 at an appropriate location relative to the implanted neurostimulation device, for example in alignment with the implanted neurostimulation device. Adhering the antenna housing 902 to the contact pad 806 ensures that every time the wearable device 800 is put on by the user it is in the appropriate plate to provide power to the implanted neurostimulation device.

[0196] In the example of FIG. 7A to FIG. 7C, the chin cup 704 includes a plurality of mounting holes 746. In this example, the power transmitting member 808, and in particular the antenna housing 902, includes protrusions 906 that clip into the mounting holes 746 to secure the antenna housing 902 to the chin cup 704. The protrusions 906 may be barbed to provide a secure attachment. The mounting holes 746 permit the power transmitting member 808, in particular the antenna 848, to be attached to the chin cup 704 in multiple different positions and / or orientations, and allows the position to adjusted at any time.

[0197] In some examples the power transmitting member 808 may include a visual indicator that shows the orientation / direction of the antenna 848. For example, the antenna housing 902 may include a line or other visual indication of the position of the antenna 848 within the antenna housing 902. This may assist the user, or a clinician, to align and orientate the antenna 848 with the implanted neurostimulation device. In other examples, the control module may include an audible or tactile indicator (e.g., speaker).

[0198] FIG. 9C illustrates a further example power transmitting member 808 that may be used with the wearable devices 300, 500, 600, 700, 800 described above. In this example the power transmitting member 808 includes an antenna 848 and a wire 850. The antenna 848 comprises a flexi-PCB in which the conductive parts of the antenna 848 are integrated. The antenna 848 is rectangular-shaped, with an elongate direction.

[0199] An underside of the flexi-PCB antenna 848 includes an adhesive patch 854 for adhering the antenna 848 to the support structure. In particular, the antenna 848 can be adhered to the contact pad 306, 506, 606, 706, 806, on the inside of the chin cup 304, 508, 608, 708, 808. Beneficially, the flexi-PCB antenna 848 will conform to the shape of the contact pad 306, 506, 606, 706, 806 and thereby conform to the shape of the user's skin, creating good contact and compression of the antenna 848, which is beneficial to wireless power transfer efficiency.

[0200] The wire 850 may extend from the antenna 848 at any angle. In this example, the wire 850 extends from the antenna 848 at approximately 45 degrees to the longitudinal direction of the antenna 848. Advantageously, the wire 850 may extend from the antenna 848 and across the underside of the user's chin to the support structure where it is routed to the control module.

[0201] In this example, a protective layer, for example a fabric (cloth) or silicone layer, may be provided over the antenna 848 to improve user comfort and to protect the antenna 848.

[0202] FIG. 10 illustrates examples of how the power transmitting member is oriented on the wearable device, and in particular on the contact pad. FIG. 10 shows only the antenna 1014 of the wearable device, in position on the user's anatomy. FIG. 10 shows a bottom view of the user, including the neck 1002, the mental protuberance 1004, and the mandibular symphysis 1006.

[0203] As shown in FIG. 10, the implant 1008 is implanted in the submental area of the user. In particular, the capsule 1010 of the implant 1008 is implanted proximate to the mental protuberance 1004, and also proximate to the mandibular symphysis 1006. The electrode lead 1012 extends from the capsule 1010 to position the electrodes at the target nerve.

[0204] In order to target the distal branches of the hypoglossal nerve, as described above, the implant 1008 is implanted along an implant axis 1016 that extends at angle 1020 relative to the mandibular symphysis 1006. Angle 1020 is typically between 10 degrees and 45 degrees, and more particularly between 15 degrees and 30 degrees.

[0205] The antenna 1014 also includes an antenna axis 1018, which extends along the longitudinal direction of the antenna 1014. In this example the antenna 1014 is the flexi-PCB antenna 848 described with reference to FIG. 9C, but it will be appreciated that the description applies to other example antennae as well.

[0206] The antenna 1014 is attached to the contact pad (e.g., contact pad 806 in the example of FIG. 8) such that the antenna axis 1018 is approximately aligned with the implant axis 1016. That is, the antenna 1014 is attached to the contact pad (e.g., contact pad 806 in the example ofFIG. 8) such that the antenna axis 1018 is between 10 degrees and 45 degrees (for example between 15 degrees and 30 degrees) from the mid-line of the contact pad, which would be aligned with the mandibular symphysis 1006 when the wearable device is worn. In this way, the antenna axis 1018 is aligned with the implant axis 1016, which may be advantageous for wireless power transfer efficiency.

[0207] As shown, the flexi-PCB antenna 1014 may extend over the mental protuberance 1004, and may wrap around onto the front of the user's chin.

[0208] As shown in FIG. 10, the wire 1022 of the power transmitting member may extend from the antenna 1014 at an angle directly towards the side of the user's neck, where it may be routed to the control module (e.g., along the support structure as described above). The angle of the wire 1022 may improve user comfort.

[0209] In some examples, the control module may be configured to detect a power transmission efficiency, for example by receiving power transmission feedback signals from the implanted neurostimulation device. Based on this, the control module may be configured to output an indication of the power transmission efficiency, which may be a visual indication. In some examples, as shown in FIG. 7C, the control module 734 may include a light 748 (e.g., LED) for providing such visual indication (e.g., a colour scale from red (indicating poor power transfer efficiency) to green (indicating good power transfer efficiency). Alternatively, the control module may generate and transmit a signal to an external device, such as an application on a handheld device (e.g., smartphone or computing device), which may visually indicate the power transfer efficiency. Accordingly, during fitting of the wearable device the user or clinician can use the indication of the power transfer efficiency to achieve an appropriate alignment of the power transmitting member and the implanted neurostimulation device.Moreover, the indication of the power transfer efficiency may be used to inform adjustments or the like after initial fitment of the wearable device. In some examples, the control module of the wearable device may include an audible or tactile (e.g., vibrational) indicator that can indicate to the user when the alignment of the antenna and the implant is greater than a threshold offset. This may be based on the determined wireless power transfer efficiency. The user may then adjust the wearable device, or seek assistance from a clinician.

[0210] FIG. 11 illustrates another example wearable device 1100. In this example, the wearable device 1100 includes a support structure 1102 that holds a chin cup 1104 against the user's chin, and in particular over the submental triangle illustrated in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2. Thesupport structure 1102 includes a headband 1110 that extends from the chin cup 1104 over a top part of the user's head, and a neckband 1112 that extends around the user's neck.

[0211] The headband 1110 and the neckband 1112 may be elastic so as to impart a biasing force urging the chin cup 1104 into contact with the user's chin and holding the chin cup 1104 in place. In other examples, the headband 1110 and the neckband 1112 may be inelastic and can be tightened to hold the chin cup 1104 in place. In both cases the headband 1110 and the neckband 1112 may be adjustable, for example by a sliding buckle or hook and loop fasteners.

[0212] The inside of the chin cup 1104 includes a contact pad 1106 that contacts the user's skin. The contact pad 1106 may be made from a soft material, for example silicone, to improve comfort.

[0213] A power transmitting member 1108 is attachable to the chin cup 1104. The power transmitting member 1108 includes an antenna for wireless power transmission to the implanted neurostimulation device.

[0214] In this example, the power transmitting member 1108 is coupled to, and decoupled from, the chin cup 1104 by rotation. For example, the chin cup 1104 and the power transmitting member 1108 may have a Luer type connection, or a threaded connection, or a quarter-turn connection.

[0215] In other examples, the power transmitting member 1108 is push fit onto the chin cup 1104, or may be magnetically or otherwise attachable and detachable.

[0216] Advantageously, the power transmitting member 1108 may be removed for charging, replacement, or for cleaning (the power transmitting member 1108 and the support structure 1102).

[0217] In some examples, the rotational position of the power transmitting member 1108 on the chin cup 1104 is adjustable. In such examples, the antenna within the power transmitting member 1108 may be offset from the centre, for example extending from the centre to one edge of the power transmitting member 1108. In such an example rotation of the power transmitting member 1108 will alter the relative position and alignment of the antenna and the implanted neurostimulation device, allowing for the relative positions to be adjusted to provide improved wireless power transmission.

[0218] In examples, the power transmitting member 1108 may include a visual indication of the position and / or orientation of the antenna within the power transmitting member 1108. Forexample, a surface of the power transmitting member 1108 may include a line that is parallel to the antenna, allowing the user or clinician to know the orientation of the antenna and attach the power transmitting member 1108 to the chin cup 1104 in an appropriate orientation.

[0219] In some examples, the control module may be configured to detect a power transmission efficiency, for example by receiving power transmission feedback signals from the implanted neurostimulation device. Based on this, the control module may be configured to output an indication of the power transmission efficiency, which may be a visual indication. The indication of the power transmission efficiency may be used to adjust the position and / or orientation of the power transmitting member 1108.

[0220] FIG. 12 illustrates a further example wearable device 1200. The wearable device 1200 is similar to that of FIG. 11 in that it includes a support structure 1202 formed of a headband 1210 and a neckband 1212 that hold a chin cup 1204 in place on the user. In this example, the support structure 1202 includes a mandibular portion 1214 that extends along the mandible of the user, wrapping at least partially under the user's chin and incorporating the chin cup 1204.

[0221] Along the mandibular portion 1214 the wearable device 1200 includes a plurality of ports 1216 at which the power transmitting member 1208 can be attached. Each port 1216 provides a different attachment location for the power transmitting member 1208. Accordingly, the power transmitting member 1208 can be attached to the support structure 1202 at a plurality of discrete locations along the mandible of the user, allowing the power transmitting member 1208 to be aligned with the implanted neurostimulation device.

[0222] Each port 1216 may include a locking device 1218 for connecting the power transmitting member 1208 to the mandibular portion 1214, and may additionally be configured to lock the rotational position of the power transmitting member 1208 relative to the port 1216.

[0223] The locking device 1218 may be configured to allow the power transmitting member 1208 to be locked in different rotational positions on the port 1216. In such examples, the antenna within the power transmitting member 1208 may be offset from the centre, for example extending from the centre to one edge of the power transmitting member 1208. In such an example rotation of the power transmitting member 1208 relative to the port 1216 will alter the relative position and alignment of the antenna and the implanted neurostimulation device, allowing for the relative positions to be adjusted to provide improved wireless power transmission.

[0224] In examples, the power transmitting member 1208 may include a visual indication of the position and / or orientation of the antenna within the power transmitting member 1208. For example, a surface of the power transmitting member 1208 may include a line that is parallel to the antenna, allowing the user or clinician to know the orientation of the antenna and attach the power transmitting member 1208 to the support structure 1202 in an appropriate orientation.

[0225] In some examples, the control module may be configured to detect a power transmission efficiency, for example by receiving power transmission feedback signals from the implanted neurostimulation device. Based on this, the control module may be configured to output an indication of the power transmission efficiency, which may be a visual indication. The indication of the power transmission efficiency may be used to adjust the position and / or orientation of the power transmitting member 1208.

[0226] FIG. 13 A and FIG. 13B illustrate a further example wearable device 1300. This example wearable device 1300 is similar to that of FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 and includes a support structure 1302 comprising a headband 1310 and a neckband 1312 that hold a chin cup 1304 in place on the user's mental protuberance. The chin cup 1304 includes a contact pad 1306 on its inner surface, which is held against the user's skin. In this example the support structure 1302 also includes a mandibular portion 1314 that extends along the user's mandible, and may wrap under the user's chin along the mandible.

[0227] In this example the chin cup 1304 includes an attachment surface 1320. The attachment surface 1320 provides for attachment of the power transmitting member 1308 to the chin cup 1304. In examples the attachment surface 1320 covers a part of, or the whole of, the chin cup 1304, and may additionally extend along the mandibular portion 1314.

[0228] The attachment surface 1320 includes a hook and loop attachment surface (e.g., Velcro). As shown in FIG. 13B, the power transmitting member 1308 includes an antenna housing 1322 and a wire 1324, as with previous examples. In this example the antenna housing 1322 is attached to an attachment portion 1326, which is attachable to the attachment surface 1320. For example, the attachment portion 1326 may include a hook and look attachment surface that corresponds to the attachment surface 1320.

[0229] In this way the power transmitting member 1308 can be attached to the attachment surface 1320 at any location and orientation on the attachment surface 1320, allowing the power transmitting member 1308 to be aligned and oriented relative to the implanted neurostimulation device. The hook and loop attachment allows the position of the powertransmitting member 1308 to be easily adjusted and removed for cleaning, while also ensuring that when the wearable device 1300 is removed and then put back on again the power transmitting member 1308 is in the same position and likely does not need to be readjusted.

[0230] In some examples, the control module may be configured to detect a power transmission efficiency, for example by receiving power transmission feedback signals from the implanted neurostimulation device. Based on this, the control module may be configured to output an indication of the power transmission efficiency, which may be a visual indication. The indication of the power transmission efficiency may be used to adjust the position and / or orientation of the power transmitting member 1308.

[0231] FIG. 14 illustrates a further example wearable device 1400. In this example, the wearable device 1400 includes a support structure 1402 formed of a neckband 1404 that is securable about the neck of the user, and which is preferably adjustable (e.g., with a hook and loop adjustment or a siding buckle or similar). The neckband 1404 includes a rear housing part 1420 that sits at the back of the user's neck when worn. As with previous examples, the rear housing part 1420 may extend down between the user's shoulder blades and define an antirotation portion 1412. The rear housing part 1420 may house a battery 1410 and / or a control module 1408, or one or both of the battery 1410 or control module 1408 may alternatively be housed within the neckband 1404 as illustrated.

[0232] In this example the power transmitting member 1406 is separate from the support structure 1402. The power transmitting member 1406 includes an antenna 1416, which is attached to an attachment pad 1418. The attachment pad 1418 is attachable to the user's skin, for example by an adhesive patch. Preferably the adhesive patch is peelable and can be re-used. The antenna 1416 is connected to the control module 1408 and / or the battery 1410 by wire 1414.

[0233] In some examples, the control module 1408 may be configured to detect a power transmission efficiency, for example by receiving power transmission feedback signals from the implanted neurostimulation device. Based on this, the control module may be configured to output an indication of the power transmission efficiency, which may be a visual indication. The indication of the power transmission efficiency may be used to adjust the position and / or orientation of the power transmitting member 1406.

[0234] FIG. 15 illustrates a further example wearable device 1500 for wirelessly powering a neurostimulation device (not shown) implanted in a user's submental space. The wearabledevice 1500 is similar to that of FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 in that it includes a support structure 1502 formed of a headband 1510 and a neckband 1512 that hold a chin cup 1504 in place on the user. In this example, the support structure 1502 includes a mandibular portion 1514 that extends along the mandible of the user, wrapping at least partially under the user's chin. The support structure additionally includes two straps 1513, one on either lateral side of the wearable device 1500. Each of the straps 1513 extend between the headband 1510 and the neckband 1512 to limit a maximum spacing therebetween. In this example the straps 1513 are elasticated.

[0235] The wearable device 1500 comprises a power transmission unit 1521 comprising a power transmitting member 1531, such as an antenna, for wirelessly transmitting power to a receiver of the implanted neurostimulation device. In use, the support structure 1502 holds the power transmission unit 1521 proximal to the implanted neurostimulation device.

[0236] The power transmission unit 1521 is couplable to the support structure 1502. In examples, the power transmission unit 1521 may be integrated into, or irreversibly fixed to, the support structure 1502. In other examples, the power transmission unit 1521 is reversibly coupled to the support structure 1502. Beneficially, this allows the power transmission unit 1521 to be separated from the support structure 1502 so that the support structure 1502 can be washed without damaging the power transmitting member 1531.

[0237] In examples, the support structure 1502 comprises a dock 1540 for reversibly coupling the power transmission unit 1521 to the support structure 1502. The dock 1540 is positioned to overlie the implanted neurostimulation device when the wearable device 1500 is worn by the user. For example, the dock 1540 may be positioned to overlie a submental area of the user when the wearable device 1500 is worn by the user.

[0238] As shown in FIG. 15, in this example, the dock 1540 forms part of the chin cup 1504. In other examples, the dock 1540 may form part of the headband 1510, mandibular portion 1514, or neckband 1512 of the support structure 1502.

[0239] The dock 1540 is configured to at least partially receive the power transmission unit 1521 therein. The power transmission unit 1521 may be wholly received within the dock 1540 when the power transmission unit 1521 is coupled to the support structure 1502.

[0240] In this example, the dock 1540 comprises a pouch 1541 for receiving the power transmission unit 1521 therein. In this example, the pouch 1541 forms part of the chin cup 1504 but it will be understood that the pouch may form part of the mandibular portion 1514,neckband 1512, or headband 1510 depending on the implantation position of the implanted neurostimulation device.

[0241] The chin cup 1504 further comprises an aperture 1542 for accessing the pouch 1541. In use, a user may pass the power transmission unit 1521 through the aperture into the pouch 1541 to position the power transmission unit 1521 for wirelessly transmitting power to a receiver of an implanted neurostimulation device. The power transmission unit 1521 is operable to pass through the aperture 1542 to couple (or decouple) power transmission unit 1521 to the support structure 1502.

[0242] The pouch 1541 is configured to prevent or inhibit movement of the power transmission unit 1521 with respect to the support structure 1502 when the power transmission unit 1521 is received within the pouch 1541. For example, friction between interior walls of the pouch 1541 and the power transmission unit 1521 may prevent or inhibit movement of the power transmission unit 1521 within the pouch 1541. The shape of the pouch 1541 and / or aperture 1542 may be configured to prevent or inhibit movement of the power transmission unit 1521 within the pouch 1541. For example, an interior profile of the pouch 1541 may closely match an exterior profile of the power transmission unit 1521. Beneficially, this may inhibit the power transmitting member 1531 from becoming misaligned with the neurostimulation device due to movement of the power transmission unit 1521 in the pouch 1541.

[0243] FIG. 15 illustrates the power transmission unit 1521 before entering the pouch 1541 (on the left-hand side of FIG. 15) and after entering the pouch 1541 (shown in the center of FIG. 15). In this example, the power transmission unit 1521 is flexible. The size and shape of the aperture 1542 (and optionally the pouch 1541) require the power transmission unit 1521 to be bent or folded to pass through the aperture 1542 into the pouch 1541. Within the pouch 1541, the power transmission unit 1521 may bend back, either under its own elasticity or with manual user intervention, to adopt an undeformed configuration. Beneficially, this configuration may help to prevent the power transmission unit 1521 from inadvertently moving out of the pouch 1541 during use.

[0244] In other examples, instead of comprising a pouch 1541, the dock 1540 may comprise an attachment surface for reversibly coupling to a corresponding attachment surface of the power transmission unit 1521. For example, the attachment surface of the dock 1540 and the attachment surface of the power transmission unit 1521 may be configured to couple together by way of hook of hook type fasteners. In such examples, the dock 1540 may be located on auser facing surface of the support structure 1502 e.g., a surface of the chin cup that faces the user's chin or submandibular area.

[0245] As previously described in earlier examples, the wearable device 1500 may comprise a control module (not shown) for controlling the power transmitting member 1531. The control module is configured to determine control signals for the power transmission unit 1521.

[0246] The control module may be mounted to, or form part of, the support structure 1502. For example, the control module may be mounted to the mandibular portion 1514, neckband 1512 or headband 1510. The power transmitting member 1531 may be coupled to the control module via an electrical connector 1550, for example a wire.

[0247] In some examples, the control module may instead form part of an external module (not shown). Where present, the external module is spaced from the support structure 1502 and is electrically connected to the power transmitting member 1531 by way of the electrical connector 1550. Separation between the control module and the power transmission unit 1521 may improve the electric field for power transmission by reducing disturbance from the control module.

[0248] As shown in FIG. 15, in some examples the support structure 1502 comprises a channel 1551 for the electrical connector 1550. The channel 1551 passes through at least part of the support structure 1502 and has: a first end 1551a proximal to the power transmission unit 1521; and a second end 1551b distal from the power transmission unit 1521. In this example, the channel 1551 is formed in the mandibular portion 1514 and extends from the chin cup 1504 rearwards towards the neckband 1512. The electrical connector 1550 extends through the channel 1551 to connect the power transmission unit 1521 on one side of the channel 1551 to the control module on the other side of the channel 1551.

[0249] In examples, the external module may additionally comprise a power source such as a battery for powering the power transmission unit 1521. In other examples, the battery may be mounted on the support structure 1502.

[0250] In examples, multiple power transmission units similar to the power transmission unit 1521 may be provided for each support structure 1502. Where present, each of the multiple power transmission units 1521 comprises a power transmitting member 1531 positioned at a different location and / or orientation within the power transmission unit 1521.

[0251] Each of the multiple power transmission units are configured to couple to the support structure 1502 (e.g., via the dock 1540). The dock 1540 may be configured to couple to onlyone of the multiple power transmission units 1521 at any time. By selecting an appropriate power transmission unit 1521, the user may ensure that the power transmitting member 1531 is aligned with the receiver of the neurostimulation device to optimise power transmission. This is best illustrated in FIG. 16 which shows a kit of parts 1602 configured to be assembled to form the wearable device 1500.

[0252] The kit of parts 1602 comprises the support structure 1502 for holding a power transmission unit 1521 proximal to the implanted neurostimulation device during use; and multiple power transmission units 1521, 1522, 1523, 1524, 1525. In this example, the kit of parts 1602 comprises five power transmission units 1521, 1522, 1523, 1524, 1525 but it will be understood that in other examples the kit of parts 1602 may comprise two, three, four, six, seven, eight, nine or ten or more power transmission units 1521, 1522, 1523, 1524, 1525.

[0253] Each of the power transmission units 1521, 1522, 1523, 1524, 1525 comprises at least one power transmitting member 1531, 1532, 1533, 1534, 1535 for wirelessly transmitting power to a receiver of the implanted neurostimulation device. In this example, each of the power transmission units 1521, 1522, 1523, 1524, 1525 comprises a single power transmitting member 1531, 1532, 1533, 1534, 1535. In particular, the first power transmission unit 1521 comprises a first power transmitting member 1531, the second power transmission unit 1522 comprises a second power transmitting member 1532, the third power transmission unit 1523 comprises a third power transmitting member 1533, the fourth power transmission unit 1524 comprises a fourth power transmitting member 1534, and the fifth power transmission unit 1525 comprises a fifth power transmitting member 1535.

[0254] Each of the power transmission units 1521, 1522, 1523, 1524, 1525 are substantially similar to one another with the exception of the location / orientation of their power transmitting member 1531, 1532, 1533, 1534, 1535. Each power transmission unit 1521, 1522, 1523, 1524, 1525 is configured such that when it is coupled to the support structure 1502 its power transmitting member 1531, 1532, 1533, 1534, 1535 is at a different location and / or orientation than the power transmitting members 1531, 1532, 1533, 1534, 1535 of each of the other power transmission units 1521, 1522, 1523, 1524, 1525 when they are coupled to the support structure 1502. By selecting a power transmission unit 1521, 1522, 1523, 1524, 1525 with an appropriately aligned power transmitting member 1531, 1532, 1533, 1534, 1535 coupling between the receiver of the neurostimulation device and the power transmission power transmitting member 1531, 1532, 1533, 1534, 1535 may be improved. This may reduce thetime taken to re-charge the battery of the neurostimulation device and increase an energy efficiency of charging the neurostimulation device.

[0255] In some examples, the control module may be configured to detect a power transmission efficiency, for example by receiving power transmission feedback signals from the implanted neurostimulation device. For example, the control module may be configured to detect or determine a power coupling ratio between the receiver of the implanted neurostimulation device and the power transmitting member. The control module may be configured to output an indication of the power transmission efficiency, which may be a visual indication. In some examples, the control module may include a light (e.g., LED) for providing such visual indication (e.g., a colour scale from red (indicating poor power transmission efficiency) to green (indicating good power transmission efficiency). In some examples, the control module of the wearable device may include an audible or tactile (e.g., vibrational) indicator that can indicate to the user when the alignment of the antenna and the implant is greater than a threshold offset. This may be based on the determined wireless power transmission efficiency. Alternatively or additionally, the control module may generate and transmit a signal to an external device, such as an application on a handheld device (e.g., smartphone or computing device), which indicate the power transmission efficiency to the user (e.g., visually). Accordingly, a user may test the power transmission efficiency of a selection of the power transmission units 1521, 1522, 1523, 1524, 1525 in the support structure 1502 in order to select the power transmission unit 1521, 1522, 1523, 1524, 1525 with the highest power transmission efficiency.

[0256] In examples, the power transmitting members 1531, 1532, 1533, 1534, 1535 of each of the multiple power transmission units 1521, 1522, 1523, 1524, 1525 may be regularly spaced from one another at regular intervals about an arc. In this example, the power transmitting members 1531, 1532, 1533, 1534, 1535 are offset by 30° intervals. That is to say that relative to the power transmitting member 1531 of the first power transmission unit 1521: the second power transmitting member 1532 is offset by 30°, the third power transmitting member 1533 is offset by 60°, the fourth power transmitting member 1534 is offset by 90°, and the fifth power transmitting member 1535 is offset by 120°.

[0257] It will be understood that the number of power transmission units 1521, 1522, 1523, 1524, 1525 required is dependant on the variation in possible locations of the neurostimulation device receiver and the allowable tolerance of the power transmitting member-to-receiverspacing and alignment. Five power transmission units 1521, 1522, 1523, 1524, 1525 arranged as described above may be appropriate for a tolerance of ± 5mm around the capsule implant location.

[0258] FIG. 17 illustrates a further example wearable device 1700 for wirelessly powering a neurostimulation device (not shown) implanted in a user's submental space. As shown in FIG. 17, like the wearable device 1500 of FIG. 15, the wearable device 1700 comprises a power transmission unit 1721 comprising a power transmitting member 1731, such as an antenna, for wirelessly transmitting power to a receiver of the implanted neurostimulation device.

[0259] In this example, the wearable device 1700 does not comprise a support structure and instead is configured to attach directly to the user's skin by way of an adhesive. In particular, the power transmission unit 1721 comprises an attachment surface 1733 for attaching the power transmission unit 1721 to a sub-mandibular area of the user. In some examples, the attachment surface 1733 may be provided with an adhesive. In other examples, adhesive may be applied to the attachment surface 1733 immediately prior to or while the attachment surface contacts the skin of the user.

[0260] As previously described in earlier examples, the wearable device 1700 may comprise a control module (not shown) for controlling the power transmitting member 1731. The control module is configured to determine control signals for the power transmission unit 1721.

[0261] The control module may be mounted to, or form part of, the power transmission unit 1721. The power transmitting member 1731 may be coupled to the control module via an electrical connector 1750, for example a wire.

[0262] In some examples, the control module may instead form part of an external module (not shown). Where present, the external module is spaced from the power transmission unit 1721 and is electrically connected to the power transmitting member 1731 by way of the electrical connector 1750. Separation between the control module and the power transmission unit 1721 may improve the electric field for power transmission by reducing disturbance from the control module.

[0263] The power transmission unit 1721 may be configured to allow a position of the power transmitting member 1731 within the power transmission unit 1721 to be adjusted to move the power transmitting member 1731 between a plurality of different locations and / or orientations with respect to the power transmission unit 1721. In this way, a user may adjust the locationand / or orientation of the power transmitting member 1731 to align the power transmitting member 1731 for optimal power transmission to the implanted neurostimulation device.

[0264] In examples, the power transmission unit 1721 may comprise a plurality of different cavities each configured to hold the power transmitting member 1731. A user may select a cavity in which to place the power transmitting member 1731 to select an alignment of the power transmitting member 1731 in the power transmission unit 1721.

[0265] In the illustrated example, the power transmission unit 1721 is split into two parts: a first part 1741 and a second part 1742. The two parts 1741, 1742 are stacked as sheets on top of one another with the power transmitting member 1731 interposed therebetween. In examples, the power transmission unit 1721 may be split into the two parts 1741, 1742 approximately halfway along a thickness of the power transmission unit 1721. In other examples, the thickness of the first part 1741 may be different to the thickness of the second part 1742.

[0266] The first part 1741 is reversibly couplable to the second part 1742. In particular, the first part 1741 comprises a contact face for reversibly contacting a corresponding contact face of the second part 1742 to reversibly open and close the power transmission unit 1721. These contact faces may be termed a first contact face and a second contact face respectively. The first contact face is reversibly couplable to the second contact face (e.g., by way of hook and loop fasteners or by a snap-fit connection). In examples, the first contact face may comprise one of: hooks of hook and loop type fasteners; and loops of hook and loop type fasteners. The second contact face may comprise the other of: hooks of hook and loop type fasteners; and loops of a hook and loop type fasteners.

[0267] FIG. 17 illustrates a closed configuration of the power transmission unit 1721 wherein the power transmitting member 1731 is immobilised between the first contact face and the second contact face. In the closed configuration, a whole of the first contact face may contact a whole of the second contact face. This may join the first contact face and the second contact face around the power transmitting member 1731 immobilising the power transmitting member 1731 therein.

[0268] To move the power transmitting member 1731, the power transmission unit 1721 may be transformed to an open configuration. In the open configuration, the first contact face is at least partially separated from the second contact face and the power transmitting member 1731 can be moved to vary a location and / or orientation of the power transmitting member 1731 in the power transmission unit 1721. The position of the power transmitting member 1731 maythen be secured by transforming the power transmission unit 1721 back into the closed configuration. The power transmitting member 1731 is not restricted to discrete positions and its position can instead be adjusted in a continuous manner. This greater variation in the alignment of the power transmitting member 1731 may further improve power transmission to the implanted neurostimulation device.

[0269] In some examples, the control module may be configured to detect a power transmission efficiency, for example by receiving power transmission feedback signals from the implanted neurostimulation device. For example, the control module may be configured to detect or determine a power coupling ratio between the receiver of the implanted neurostimulation device and the power transmitting member. The control module may be configured to output an indication of the power transmission efficiency, which may be a visual indication. In some examples, the control module may include a light (e.g., LED) for providing such visual indication (e.g., a colour scale from red (indicating poor power transmission efficiency) to green (indicating good power transmission efficiency). In some examples, the control module of the wearable device may include an audible or tactile (e.g., vibrational) indicator that can indicate to the user when the alignment of the antenna and the implant is greater than a threshold offset. This may be based on the determined wireless power transmission efficiency. Alternatively or additionally, the control module may generate and transmit a signal to an external device, such as an application on a handheld device (e.g., smartphone or computing device), which indicate the power transmission efficiency to the user (e.g., visually). Accordingly, a user may test the power transmission efficiency of the power transmission unit 1721 when the power transmitting member 1731 is in various positions in order to select a position of the power transmitting member 1731 with a high power transmission efficiency.

[0270] In examples, the power transmission unit 1721 may comprise a plurality of guides 1744 which each indicate a different location and / or orientation at which the power transmitting member 1731 can be positioned. The plurality of guides 1744 may assist a user in locating the power transmitting member 1731 for optimal power transfer. A user may sequentially test a power transmittance of the power transmitting member 1731 when it is aligned with a selection of the plurality of guides 1744 before selecting an alignment with optimal power transmittance. For example, the user may choose to position the power transmitting member 1731 such that it is aligned with the guide 1744 at which the highestpower transmission efficiency was recorded. Alternately, the user may choose to position the power transmitting member 1731 in an intermediate position between two or more guides 1744 at which the highest power transmission efficiencies were recorded. In some examples, the position of the neurostimulation device may be known, in which case the appropriate position of the power transmitting member 1731 with respect to the guides 1744 may be determined without testing the power transmission efficiency between the neurostimulation device and the power transmitting member 1731 in different positions.

[0271] In examples, the guides 1744 may be regularly spaced from one another at regular intervals about an arc. Each of the plurality of guides 1744 may extend radially away from a central point 1746. In the illustrated example, seven guides are provided. The guides 1744 are each offset by regular 25° intervals to span a 150° arc.

[0272] In examples, each of the guides 1744 may be a liner marker. The guides 1744 may be provided on the first part 1741 or the second part 1742. For example, the guides 1744 may be provided on the first contact surface and / or the second contact surface. In such examples, the guides 1744 may or may not be externally visible when the power transmission unit 1721 is in the closed configuration. Alternately, the guides may be provided on an external surface of the first part 1741 and or the second part 1742.

[0273] In examples, the power transmission unit 1721 may comprise a plurality of power transmitting members 1731a-e. Each of the plurality of power transmitting members 1731a-e may have any combination of features discussed herein in relation to the power transmitting member 1731. FIG. 18 illustrates an example layout in which the power transmitting members 1731a-e may be positioned within the power transmission unit 1721 relative to an underside of the mental protuberance 124 of a user when the wearable device 1700 is worn by the user.

[0274] In this example, each of the power transmitting members 1731a-e are substantially similar to one another with the exception of their location and / or orientation within the power transmission unit 1721. Each of the power transmitting members 1731a-e are positioned at a different location and / or orientation to each of the other power transmitting members 1731a-e.

[0275] The plurality of power transmitting members may be regularly spaced at angular intervals about an arc. In this example, the power transmitting members 1731a-e are each offset by regular 25° angular intervals to span a 150° arc. At least two of the plurality of power transmitting members may overlap with one another. In this example, each of the power transmitting members 1731a-e overlaps with each of its immediate neighbours. In this examplethe power transmission unit 1721 comprises five power transmitting members 1731a-e. It will be understood that the number of power transmission units 1521, 1522, 1523, 1524, 1525 provided is dependant on the variation in possible locations of the neurostimulation device receiver and the allowable tolerance of the power transmitting member-to-receiver spacing and alignment. Five power transmission units 1521, 1522, 1523, 1524, 1525 arranged as described above may be appropriate for a tolerance of ± 5mm around the capsule implant location. In other examples the power transmission unit 1721 may comprise two, three, four, six, seven, eight, nine or ten or more power transmitting members 1731a-e.

[0276] The control module is electrically coupled to each of the power transmitting members 1731a-e (e.g., by the electrical connector 1750 (not shown)). Each of the plurality of power transmitting members 1731a-e may be independently controlled by the control module. The control module may be configured to selectively activate each of the plurality of power transmitting members 1731a-e so that electrical power is provided to any one or combination of the power transmitting members 1731a-e to wirelessly charge the neurostimulation device.

[0277] In examples, the control module may be configured to detect or determine a wireless power transmission efficiency for each of the power transmitting members 1731 for example by receiving power transmission feedback signals from the implanted neurostimulation device. For example, the control module may be configured to detect or determine a power coupling ratio between the receiver of the implanted neurostimulation device and each of the power transmitting members 1731a-e. The determined wireless power transmission efficiency of each of the plurality of power transmitting members 1731a-e may be recorded in a local or external memory.

[0278] The control module may be configured to actuate the plurality of power transmitting members 1731a-e on the basis of the determined power transmission efficiency. For example, the control module may be configured to switch which of the plurality of power transmitting members 1731a-e is active (i.e., is being controlled to wirelessly deliver power to the receiver of the implanted neurostimulation device) on the basis of the determined wireless power transmission efficiencies associated with each power transmitting member 1731a-e. In examples, the control module may be configured to activate the power transmitting member 1731a-e with the highest recorded wireless power transmission efficiency. In the illustrated example, the receiver 1800 of the neurostimulation device underlies and is aligned with respect to a first of the power transmitting members 1731a. As such, the measured power transmissionefficiency of the first power transmitting member 1731a may be greater than the power transmission efficiency of the other power transmitting members 1731b-e as measured by the control module. As such, the control module may activate the first power transmitting member 1731a for power transfer to the neurostimulation device while keeping the remaining power transmitting members 1731b-e inactive. In this way, power transfer to the neurostimulation device can be maximised while reducing power losses and interference associated with sub- optimally aligned power transmitting members 1731b-e.

[0279] In other examples, the control module may be configured to activate a selection of the power transmitting members 1731 with the highest recorded wireless power transmission efficiencies. For example, the control module may be configured to activate the two power transmitting members with the highest recorded wireless power transmission efficiencies. The control module may be configured to weight a power provided to each of the selection of power transmitting members 1731a-e according to their wireless power transmission efficiencies. For example, a power transmitting member 1731a-e with a higher wireless power transmission efficiency may receive more power than a power transmitting member 1731a-e with a lower wireless power transmission efficiency.

[0280] In examples, the control module may be configured to determine wireless transfer efficiencies and determine which of the plurality of power transmitting members to activate automatically (i.e., without user input). The control module may be configured to carry out this process once upon startup of the wearable device 1700. Beneficially such an automatic process may reduce the user input required for alignment optimisation. In other examples, the control module may be configured to carry out this process continuously or periodically at regular intervals. In examples, the control module may be configured to carry out the process when the recorded wireless power transmission efficiency or signal strength from the implanted neurostimulation device falls below a certain threshold. Beneficially these processes may allow the wearable device 1700 to account for inadvertent movement of the power transmitting member 1731a-e with respect to the neurostimulation device during use, without user input.

[0281] In other examples, the control module may be configured to complete this process only upon receiving a command signal from the user. For example, the wearable device 1700, e.g., the control module, may comprise an actuator such as a switch for initiating the control module to carry out the above-mentioned process. Alternately, the wearable device 1700 (e.g., thecontrol module) may comprise a receiver for receiving the command signal from an external device such as an application on a handheld device (e.g., smartphone or computing device).

[0282] FIG. 19 illustrates an example configuration of the control module 1900. As shown, each of the power transmitting members 1731a-e are distributed and arranged on one PCB 1902. The power transmitting members 1731a-e are represented schematically in FIG. 19 and their illustration in this figure does not show their alignment, this is illustrated in FIG. 18.

[0283] In examples, the power transmitting members 1731a-e may be on the top layer of the PCB 1902.

[0284] Each of the power transmitting members 1731a-e is connected individually to a corresponding port of a switch 1904, such as an RF switch, by a respective electrical path 1908a-e. As such, the switch comprises one port for each of the power transmitting members 1731a-e. The electrical paths 1908a-e may be transmission lines, and may be referred to as feed lines. In examples where there are five power transmitting members 1731a-e, the switch 1904 may be a Single-Pole 5-Throw (SP5T) having at least 5 ports. The control module 1900 may further comprise a control unit 1906 for implementing the control logic. The control unit 1906 may be implemented by a suitable processing device, for example an FPGA microcontroller.

[0285] The switch 1904 may receive DC power and digital control signals from the control unit 1906. The digital control signals are used to select which of the electrical paths 1908a-e is active. The switch 1904 has a common output which may be connected to an RF front-end (not shown). The switch 1904 may be configured to electrically connect a port corresponding to one of the power transmitting members 1731a-e to the RF front-end at any given time, while isolating the others.

[0286] The control unit 1906 is connected to the PCB 1902 by a transmission line suitable for connecting the RF signal, the DC power, and the control signals to the PCB 1902. In an example, the connection between the control unit 1906 and the PCB 1902 is a coaxial cable. Such a coaxial cable can transmit the RF signal and DC to the switch 1904 on the PCB 1902. In an example, the RF and DC components may be combined using a first bias tee (not shown) in the control unit 1906 and then separated again using a second bias tee (not shown) at the switch 1904. In a further example, the connection between the control unit 1906 and the PCB 1902 is a flexiPCB. Such a flexiPCB may be an extension of the PCB 1902. The flexiPCB may be configured to carry connections for the DC power and for the control lines, and transmission lines for the RF signal.

[0287] Once the power transmission unit 1721 is in its intended position, the control unit 1906 may be configured to power up and initialise the switch 1904 to a known state, for example with one of the power transmitting members 1731a-e active (e.g., the first power transmitting member 1731a may be on and the rest of the power transmitting members 1731b-e may be off). An antenna on the implanted neurostimulation device may send the received signal strength to the control module 1900. The received signal strength is indicative of the power received by the implanted neurostimulation device. The control unit 1906 stores and processes this data for that power transmitting member 1731a. The control module 1900 may then be configured to isolate the first power transmitting member 1731a and activate the second power transmitting member 1731b. The control module 1900 may be configured to continue in this way to cycle through each power transmitting member 1731a-e.

[0288] At the end of this cycle, i.e., when all the power transmitting members 1731a-e have been turned on individually, the control module 1900 may then perform decision making based on the stored data to identify the preferred power transmitting member 1731a-e. Once the power transmitting member 1731a-e with the highest power transmission efficiency has been identified, the switch 1904 may activate this power transmitting member 1731a-e for operation to transmit power to the implanted neurostimulation device in use.

[0289] The present disclosure relates to selecting the preferred position of an active power transmitting member in a wearable device for supplying wireless power to an implanted device. The preferred position is identified by assessing power transfer efficiency at a plurality of potential power transmitting locations. In some examples, a single power transmitting member may be repositioned and the power transfer efficiency assessed at each location. In other examples, a plurality of power transmitting members are located in different locations and the power transfer efficiency assessed as each is selectively activated.

[0290] In the examples described above in relation to FIG. 17-19, the wearable device 1700 does not comprise a support structure. In other examples, the power transmission unit 1721 may be used in conjunction with a support structure such as the support structure 1502 of FIG. 15. For example, the power transmission unit 1721 may be used in place of the power transmission unit 1521 in the wearable device 1500 of FIG. 15. Beneficially, this may allow for the alignment of the power transmitting member to be changed without requiring multiple power transmission units.

Claims

CLAIMS1. A wearable device for wirelessly powering a neurostimulation device implanted in a user's submental area, the wearable device comprising: a power transmitting member, such as an antenna, for wirelessly transmitting power to a receiver of the implanted neurostimulation device; a contact pad for contacting at least an underside of the user’s mental protuberance and configured to hold the power transmitting member proximal to the user's mental protuberance during use; a support member configured to engage an anterior portion of the user; an elastic member acting between the support member and the contact pad to bias the contact pad and support member away from each other such that the power transmitting member is pressed upwards into contact with the underside of the user’s mental protuberance during use.

2. The wearable device according to claim 1, wherein the support member is configured to engage an anterior portion of the user’s neck and / or chest, optionally wherein the support member is configured to engage any one or combination of the user’s: collarbone; breastbone and / or platysma.

3. The wearable device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the power transmitting member comprises an antenna for wirelessly transmitting power to a receiver of the implanted neurostimulation device, optionally wherein at least the antenna is embedded within the contact pad or coupled to the contact pad.

4. The wearable device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the implanted neurostimulation device comprises a capsule and an electrode lead extending from the capsule, the electrode lead having one or more electrodes implanted proximal to a distal branch of the hypoglossal nerve such as the genioglossus nerve branch, the capsule being implanted in the user's submental area, and wherein the power transmitting member is mounted to the contact pad such that the power transmitting member is aligned with the receiver of the implanted neurostimulation device during use.

5. The wearable device according to any one of claim 1 to claim 4, wherein the elastic member is resiliently deformable.

6. The wearable device according to any one claim 1 to claim 5, comprising a support structure, the support structure comprising the support member, the elastic member and a strap for attaching the wearable device to the user.

7. The wearable device according to claim 6, wherein the strap is adjustable.

8. The wearable device according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the strap comprises a neck support for engaging a rear of the user’s neck, optionally wherein the neck support comprises an adjustable neck strap.

9. The wearable device according to claim 8, wherein the support structure comprises two attachment points for coupling the neck support to the support member and / or the elastic member, wherein the support structure is configured such that an effective length of the neck support, measured between the two attachment points, can be adjusted to account for different user neck sizes.

10. The wearable device according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the support structure comprises a first arm and a second arm extending from the neck support, the first arm comprising the contact pad and the second arm comprising the support member.

11. The wearable device according to claim 10, wherein the support structure is configured such that an effective length of the first arm may be adjusted independently from the effective length of the neck strap and, optionally, independently from an effective length of the second arm.

12. The wearable device according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the support structure is configured such that the effective length of the second arm may be adjusted independently from the effective length of the neck strap and, optionally, independently from the effective length of the first arm.

13. The wearable device according to any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein the first arm is formed of a first loop extending from a first side of the neck support to a second side of the neck support with the contact pad arranged on the first loop, and wherein the second arm comprises a second loop extending from the first side of the neck support to the second side of the neck support.

14. The wearable device according to claim 13, wherein the first arm and the second arm are joined to each other at joining portions on opposite sides of the wearable device, and wherein the elastic member is disposed between the first arm and the second arm at or proximate to at least one of the joining portions.

15. The wearable device according to claim 14, wherein the elastic member is removably attached to the support structure.

16. The wearable device of any one of claims 10 to 15, wherein the first arm and / or the second arm comprises a channel for an electrical connector, for example a wire, connecting the power transmitting member to a control module.

17. The wearable device of claim 16, wherein the channel is formed in a surface of the first arm and / or second arm, or embedded within the first arm and / or second arm.

18. The wearable device of claim 16 or 17, further comprising a control module for controlling the power transmitting member, and wherein the power transmitting member is coupled to the control module via the electrical connector.

19. The wearable device of claim 18, wherein the control module is mounted to the support structure, in particular one of the first arm, second arm, neck support, support member, or contact pad.

20. The wearable device of claim 19, wherein the control module is removably mounted to the support structure and can be attached to the support structure in a plurality of different positions and / or orientations.

21. The wearable device according to any one of claim 1 to claim 20, further comprising a chin cup for covering at least part of the user’s mental protuberance, wherein the chin cup comprises the contact pad.

22. The wearable device according to claim 21, wherein the chin cup further comprises a chin strap for engaging a mentalis of the user during use to hold the chin cup in position.

23. The wearable device according to claim 21 or 22, wherein the power transmitting member is securable to the chin cup at a plurality of locations and / orientations on the chin cup.

24. The wearable device according to any one claim 1 to claim 23, comprising an anti-rotation portion configured to be located between the shoulder blades of the user to inhibit rotation of the support structure around a neck of the user.

25. A wearable device for wirelessly powering a neurostimulation device implanted in a user's submental space, the wearable device comprising: a power transmitting member, such as an antenna, for wirelessly transmitting power to a receiver of the implanted neurostimulation device; and a support structure for holding the power transmitting member proximal to the implanted neurostimulation device during use, wherein a position of the power transmitting member on the support structure is adjustable to move the power transmitting member between a plurality of different locations and / or orientations with respect to the support structure.

26. The wearable device according to claim 25, wherein the wearable device comprises an indicator such as a visual indicator, which outputs an indication of the position and / or alignment of the power transmitting member relative to the implanted neurostimulation device.

27. The wearable device according to claim 25 or 26, wherein the wearable device comprises a locking device to lock rotation and / or translation of the power transmitting member with respect to the support structure, optionally wherein the power transmitting member is configured to couple to the support structure via clips, a twist lock mechanism, a push fit or snap-fit connection, or using hook and loop fasteners.

28. The wearable device according to any one of claims 25 to 27, wherein the power transmitting member is couplable to the support structure at series of continuous or discrete positions along the support structure.

29. The wearable device according to claim 28, wherein the series of continuous or discrete positions along the support structure are configured to extend along a portion of a lower mandible of the user and / or across the submental area of the user.

30. The wearable device according to any one of claims 25 to 29, wherein the wearable device comprises a power transmission unit, the power transmission unit comprising the power transmitting member, and wherein the power transmission unit is configured to allow a position of the power transmitting member within the power transmission unit to be adjusted to movethe power transmitting member between a plurality of different locations and / or orientations with respect to the power transmission unit.

31. The wearable device according to claim 30, wherein the power transmission unit comprises a first part and a second part, the first part being reversibly couplable to the second part, and wherein the power transmission unit is operable to transform between: a closed configuration, wherein the power transmitting member is immobilised between the first part and the second part; and an open configuration wherein the power transmitting member is movable to vary a location and / or orientation of the power transmitting member with respect to the first part and / or second part.

32. The wearable device according to claim 31, wherein the first part comprises a contact face for contacting a corresponding contact face of the second part when the power transmission unit is in the closed configuration, and wherein the contact face of the first part is reversibly couplable to the contact face of the second part by way of hook and loop fasteners.

33. The wearable device according to any one of claims 30 to 32, wherein the power transmission unit comprises an attachment surface for attaching the power transmission unit to a skin of the user, the attachment surface comprising an adhesive.

34. The wearable device according to any one of claims 25 to 33, wherein the wearable device comprises a plurality of guides which each indicate a different location and / or position at which the power transmitting member may be positioned.

35. The wearable device according to claim 34, the plurality of guides may be spaced from one another at angular intervals about an arc.

36. A wearable device for wirelessly powering a neurostimulation device implanted in a user's submental space, the wearable device comprising a power transmission unit comprising a power transmitting member for wirelessly transmitting power to a receiver of the implanted neurostimulation device.

37. The wearable device according to claim 36, further comprising a support structure for holding the power transmission unit proximal to the implanted neurostimulation device during use, wherein the support structure comprises a dock for reversibly coupling the power transmission unit to the support structure.

38. The wearable device according to claim 37, wherein the dock comprises a pouch for receiving the power transmission unit therein, and wherein the support structure comprises an aperture for accessing the pouch.

39. The wearable device according to claim 36, wherein the power transmission unit comprises an attachment surface for attaching the power transmission unit to a skin of the user, the attachment surface comprising an adhesive.

40. The wearable device according to any one of claims 36 to 39, wherein the power transmission unit comprises a plurality of power transmitting members, each of the plurality of power transmitting members being positioned at a different location and / or orientation to each of the other power transmitting members.

41. The wearable device according to claim 40, wherein the plurality of power transmitting members are spaced at angular intervals about an arc.

42. The wearable device according to claim 40 or claim 41, further comprising a control module configured to independently control each of the plurality of power transmitting members.

43. The wearable device according to claim 42, wherein the control module is configured to: determine a wireless power transmission efficiency for each of the plurality of power transmitting members; and determine which of the plurality of power transmitting members is active on the basis of the determined wireless power transmission efficiencies associated with each power transmitting member.

44. The wearable device according to claim 43, wherein the control module is either configured to activate: the power transmitting member with the highest wireless power transmission efficiency; or a selection of the power transmitting members with the highest wireless power transmission efficiencies.

45. A kit of parts configured to be assembled to form a wearable device for wirelessly powering a neurostimulation device implanted in a user's submental space, the kit of parts comprising:a support structure for holding a power transmission unit proximal to the implanted neurostimulation device during use; and multiple power transmission units each comprising a power transmitting member, such as an antenna, for wirelessly transmitting power to a receiver of the implanted neurostimulation device, wherein each of the multiple power transmission units are configured such that when they are coupled to the support structure their power transmitting member is at a different location and / or orientation than the power transmitting members of each of the other multiple power transmission units when they are coupled to the support structure.

46. The kit of parts of claim 45, wherein each of the multiple power transmission units are substantially similar to each of the others of the multiple power transmission units with the exception of the location and / or orientation of their power transmitting members, and wherein the power transmitting members of each of the multiple power transmission units are spaced from the power transmitting members of others of the multiple power transmission units at regular intervals about an arc.

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