Black start method and apparatus, electronic device, storage medium, and program product

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of power grids, and provide a black start method and apparatus, an electronic device, a storage medium, and a program product. The method comprises: predicting the load of a power consumption system, and acquiring energy storage information of an energy storage unit; on the basis of the load and the energy storage information, determining an initial output power corresponding to an energy storage converter unit; and on the basis of the initial output power, controlling the energy storage converter unit to supply power to the power consumption system, such that output electric energy of the energy storage converter unit is matched with the load. During black start, an output power of an energy storage converter unit is determined on the basis of the predicted load of a power consumption system and energy storage information, thereby effectively reducing the probability of black start failure.

Description

Black start method, device, electronic equipment, storage medium and program product

[0001] The present application claims priority from the Chinese patent application No. 202411103907.0 filed on August 13, 2024, and entitled "Black start method, device, electronic equipment, storage medium and program product", the whole content of which is incorporated herein by reference. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the technical field of power grid, and in particular to a black start method, device, electronic equipment, storage medium and program product. BACKGROUND

[0003] With the rapid development of distributed energy, distributed power grid technology has gradually become an important means to solve uneven distribution of energy and improve energy utilization efficiency. However, due to the randomness and intermittency of distributed power sources, the stability of the power grid is a prominent problem. After the power grid fails, how to quickly restore power supply becomes a key problem.

[0004] In the related art, the power grid can be restored by black start. However, the failure rate of black start is high. SUMMARY

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide a black start method, device, electronic equipment, storage medium and program product, which can reduce the failure rate of black start.

[0006] In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a black start method, comprising:

[0007] predicting the load of a power consumption system, and obtaining energy storage information of an energy storage unit;

[0008] determining an initial output power of an energy storage converter corresponding to the energy storage unit according to the load and the energy storage information;

[0009] controlling the target energy storage converter to supply power to the power consumption system based on the initial output power, so that the output power of the energy storage converter matches the load.

[0010] In some embodiments, the controlling the target energy storage converter to supply power to the power consumption system based on the initial output power comprises:

[0011] controlling the target energy storage converter to operate based on the initial output power and collecting current and voltage values output by the energy storage converter within a target time period;

[0012] determining an actual output power according to the current and voltage values.

[0013] controlling the energy storage converter to supply power to the power utilization system based on the actual output power and the initial output power.

[0014] In some embodiments, the controlling the energy storage converter to supply power to the power utilization system based on the actual output power and the initial output power comprises:

[0015] obtaining an electromotive force amplitude and an output frequency of the energy storage converter based on the actual output power and the initial output power;

[0016] generating a power supply control signal of the energy storage converter according to the electromotive force amplitude and the output frequency;

[0017] controlling the energy storage converter to operate according to the power supply control signal, so that the energy storage converter outputs power to the power utilization system according to the electromotive force amplitude and the output frequency.

[0018] In some embodiments, the current value and the voltage value output by the energy storage converter are three-phase alternating current values and three-phase alternating voltage values, and before the actual output power is determined according to the current value and the voltage value, the method further comprises:

[0019] performing coordinate transformation on the three-phase alternating voltage values and the three-phase alternating current values to convert the three-phase alternating voltage values and the three-phase alternating current values into two-phase direct current voltage values and two-phase direct current current values.

[0020] In some embodiments, the generating a power supply control signal of the energy storage converter according to the electromotive force amplitude and the output frequency comprises:

[0021] obtaining a control current of the energy storage converter according to the electromotive force amplitude, the output frequency, and the two-phase direct current voltage values; the control current is used to represent current output of the energy storage converter with the control current;

[0022] obtaining a control voltage of the energy storage converter according to the control current of the energy storage converter and the output frequency; the control voltage is used to represent output voltage of the target energy storage converter;

[0023] converting the control voltage of the energy storage converter into three-phase alternating control voltage;

[0024] generating a power supply control signal of the energy storage converter according to the three-phase alternating control voltage; the power supply control signal is used to instruct the energy storage converter to output power to the power utilization system according to the control voltage and the control current.

[0025] In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0026] obtaining historical load of the power consumption system;

[0027] sampling the historical load to generate a time series based on the historical load;

[0028] fitting the time series of the historical load to generate a load trend of the power consumption system;

[0029] predicting the load of the power consumption system according to the load trend.

[0030] In some embodiments, the energy storage converter unit is multiple, each of the energy storage converter unit is connected to at least one energy storage unit, and the method further comprises:

[0031] obtaining power information of the energy storage unit connected to each energy storage converter unit;

[0032] selecting, according to the power information and the predicted load of the power consumption system, an energy storage converter unit corresponding to an energy storage unit with a power value greater than or equal to the load as a target energy storage converter unit for supplying power to the power consumption system, or selecting energy storage converter units corresponding to multiple energy storage units with a sum of power values greater than or equal to the load as the target energy storage converter unit.

[0033] In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a black start device, comprising:

[0034] an obtaining module, configured to predict a load of a power consumption system and obtain energy storage information of an energy storage unit;

[0035] a processing module, configured to determine an initial output power of an energy storage converter unit according to the load and the energy storage information;

[0036] a control module, configured to control the energy storage converter unit to supply power to the power consumption system based on the initial output power, so that output power of the target energy storage converter unit matches the load.

[0037] In a third aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide an electronic device, comprising a memory and a processor;

[0038] the memory is configured to store computer instructions, and the processor is configured to run the computer instructions stored in the memory to implement the method of any one of the first aspect.

[0039] In a fourth aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the method of any one of the first aspect.

[0040] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, comprising a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the method of any one of the first aspect.

[0041] The black start method, device, electronic device, storage medium and program product provided by the embodiments of the present application can effectively reduce the probability of black start failure by predicting the load of the power consumption system, obtaining the energy storage information of the energy storage unit, determining the initial output power of the energy storage converter unit corresponding to the load and the energy storage information, and controlling the energy storage converter unit to supply power to the power consumption system based on the initial output power, so that the output power of the energy storage converter unit matches the load. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0042] FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a power system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a black start method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a black start method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] FIG. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a power system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] FIG. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a power system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] FIG. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of a black start device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] FIG. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical scheme of the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0050] In the embodiments of the present application, the same items or similar items with basically the same functions and effects are distinguished by using "first", "second", and the like, without limiting the sequence. Those skilled in the art can understand that "first", "second", and the like do not limit the quantity and execution sequence, and "first", "second", and the like do not necessarily mean different.

[0051] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, the words "exemplary" or "for example" are used to mean example, illustration, or description. Any embodiment or design solution described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the present application should not be interpreted as being more preferred or having more advantages than other embodiments or design solutions. Rather, the words "exemplary" or "for example" are used in the sense of presenting related concepts in a concrete manner.

[0052] With the rapid development of distributed energy, distributed grid technology has gradually become an important means to solve uneven distribution of energy and improve energy utilization efficiency. However, due to the randomness and intermittency of distributed power supply, the stability of the power grid is a prominent problem. After the power grid fails and power is cut off, how to quickly restore power supply becomes a key problem.

[0053] In the related art, after the power grid is powered off, power supply recovery can be performed in a black start manner. The so-called black start refers to that after the entire power grid system is shut down due to a fault, the system is completely powered off and is in a full "black" state, does not rely on the help of other networks, and through the start of a generator set or an energy storage system with self-starting capability in the system, a generator set without self-starting capability is driven to gradually expand the system recovery range, and finally the entire system is recovered.

[0054] However, the existing black start scheme mainly focuses on quickly restoring power supply, but ignores the changes in the load of the power grid and the state of the energy storage system, which may cause the black start to fail and affect the operation of the power grid.

[0055] Therefore, the embodiments of the present application provide a black start method, device, electronic equipment, storage medium, and program product. After the power system is powered off, when black start is performed, the load of the power system and the energy storage information of the energy storage unit are predicted, the power output mode of the energy storage converter unit is determined, and the energy storage converter unit is controlled to operate according to the power output mode of the energy storage converter unit, which can effectively improve the success rate of black start of the power system.

[0056] The technical solutions of the present application and how the technical solutions of the present application solve the above technical problems will be described in detail in the specific embodiments below. The following specific embodiments can be implemented independently, or can be combined with each other. For the same or similar concepts or processes, some embodiments may not be described again.

[0057] Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a power system provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Fig. 1, the power system includes a black start system and a power consumption system, and the power consumption system includes a DC bus and a load device connected to the DC bus.

[0058] The load device of the power consumption system can be a power consumption device connected to the power consumption system.

[0059] The black start system includes a controller, an energy storage converter unit and an energy storage unit, and the energy storage converter unit is connected to the DC bus.

[0060] In some embodiments, the black start system can include one or more energy storage converter units, and each energy storage converter unit is connected to one or more energy storage units.

[0061] In some embodiments, the energy storage converter unit is an energy storage converter, such as a three-phase two-level converter, an NPC three-phase three-level converter, a T three-phase three-level converter, a three-phase cascaded multi-level converter, etc., which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0062] It should be understood that the power consumption system described in the embodiments of the present application can include various types of power consumption systems, such as a micro-grid, a large power grid, a distributed power grid, a power station, a pico-grid, a power consumption system for a household, etc., which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0063] The energy storage unit described in the embodiments of the present application can be a battery pack, an energy storage cabinet, a super capacitor, etc., and the type of the energy storage unit is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0064] Fig. 1 briefly describes the structure of the power system provided by the embodiments of the present application. Based on Fig. 1, the black start method provided by the embodiments of the present application is described below with the controller as the execution subject in combination with Fig. 2.

[0065] Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a black start method provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Fig. 2, the method includes the following steps.

[0066] S201, predicting the load of the power consumption system, and obtaining energy storage information of the energy storage unit.

[0067] In some embodiments, the load of the power consumption system can refer to the power (electric energy) consumed by the power consumption device connected to the power consumption system in the normal operation process of the power consumption system. The energy storage information of the energy storage unit can refer to the information such as the electric quantity and the state of charge of the energy storage unit corresponding to the energy storage converter unit in the black start system shown in Fig. 1.

[0068] In some embodiments, the controller may predict the load of the power system based on the historical load of the power system.

[0069] For example, the historical load of the power system is obtained; the historical load is sampled to generate a time series based on the historical load; the time series of the historical load is fitted to generate a load trend of the power system; and the load of the power system is predicted based on the load trend.

[0070] After acquiring the historical load of the power system, the controller can sort the historical loads from earliest to latest time and perform ordered sampling of the historical loads based on preset time intervals to form a time series of historical loads. The time series of historical loads is then fitted using a preset fitting model to generate the load trend of the power system (also known as load trend data or load trend graph), and the load for the time period to be predicted is extracted from the load trend as the predicted load of the power system.

[0071] In some embodiments, the controller can read the energy storage information from the energy storage unit.

[0072] In some embodiments, to further improve the accuracy of the predicted load, when the controller obtains the time series, it can also perform differential processing on the load data in the time series, and obtain the predicted load based on the differentially processed time series.

[0073] For example, difference processing can satisfy the following formula:

[0074] p t =P t -P t-1

[0075] Where, p t For the t-th differentially processed historical load data, P t For the t-th historical load data, P t-1 This is the (t-1)th historical load data.

[0076] The controller can fit the load forecast curve using the model's expression to predict future load values. The forecast model is shown below:

[0077] Among them, P t For the load data after differential processing at the t-th iteration, p t-i Let the i-th value be the historical load data value after differential processing; a t-j For interference sequences; φ i For autoregressive coefficients, θ j This is the moving average coefficient.

[0078] Optionally, the controller can also use regression analysis method, artificial neural network method, comprehensive model prediction method, etc., to predict the load of the power utilization system based on the historical load.

[0079] S202, determine an initial output power of the energy storage converter unit corresponding to the load and the energy storage information.

[0080] In some embodiments, the energy storage converter unit can refer to an energy storage converter unit included in a black start system, which can include one or more energy storage converter units.

[0081] When the black start system includes multiple energy storage converter units, the controller obtains the load and the energy storage information, and can determine one or more target energy storage converter units from the multiple energy storage converter units for black start, so that the output power of the target energy storage converter unit matches the load. When the black start system includes one energy storage converter unit, the energy storage converter unit is the target energy storage converter unit. Subsequently, the technical solutions of the present application will be described taking the case of the black start system including multiple energy storage converter units.

[0082] For example, the predicted load is 10KW, and the black start system includes 10 energy storage converter units, each corresponding to an energy storage unit. The controller can randomly select the energy storage converter units corresponding to the energy storage units whose total power is greater than or equal to 10KW as the target energy storage converter units. Alternatively, there is an energy storage unit whose power is greater than or equal to 10KW, and the energy storage converter unit corresponding to the energy storage unit is determined as the target energy storage converter unit, for example, randomly selecting 3 energy storage converter units corresponding to the energy storage units whose total power is greater than or equal to 10KW as the target energy storage converter units.

[0083] Optionally, to ensure smooth operation of black start, when selecting energy storage units, energy storage units with better state of charge can also be selected, for example, energy storage units with state of charge greater than a preset value (for example, 40%) can be selected. The state of charge of an energy storage unit is the ratio of the remaining power of the energy storage unit to the capacity of its full charge state, usually expressed as a percentage, and the state of charge of an energy storage unit can also be referred to as the SOC value of the energy storage unit.

[0084] Optionally, if there is an energy storage unit whose power is greater than or equal to the predicted load, the energy storage converter unit corresponding to the energy storage unit can be selected as the target energy storage converter unit to improve the stability of power output.

[0085] In some embodiments, the initial output power of the target energy storage converter unit can include active reference power and reactive reference power.

[0086] The controller determines the target energy storage converter unit, and can determine the active reference power and the reactive reference power based on the load and the state of charge of the target energy storage converter unit.

[0087] For example, the active reference power and the reactive reference power can satisfy the following formula:

[0088] wherein, P i is the active reference power of the i th target energy storage converter unit, Q i is the reactive reference power of the i th target energy storage converter unit, and SOC i is the state of charge of the i th target energy storage converter unit. i P i is the state of charge of the i th target energy storage converter unit. load P is the predicted load.

[0089] S203, controlling the energy storage converter unit to supply power to the power utilization system based on the initial output power, so that the output power of the energy storage converter unit matches the load.

[0090] In some embodiments, the output power of the energy storage converter unit matching the load can mean that the output power of the energy storage converter unit is greater than or equal to the load.

[0091] When the controller obtains the initial output power of each target energy storage converter, the controller can generate a control signal of the target energy storage converter according to the initial control power, control the target energy storage converter to operate by using the control signal, discharge the power supply unit corresponding to the target energy storage converter, and provide power supply to the power utilization system to perform black start on the power utilization system.

[0092] The black start method of the power utilization system provided by the embodiments of the present application comprises the following steps: predicting a load of the power utilization system, and obtaining energy storage information of a black start system; determining a target energy storage converter unit for black start from a plurality of energy storage converter units according to the load and the energy storage information, and an initial output power corresponding to the target energy storage converter unit; and controlling the target energy storage converter unit to supply power to the power utilization system based on the initial output power, so that the output power of the target energy storage converter unit matches the load. In the black start process, the output power of the energy storage converter unit is determined based on the predicted load of the power utilization system and the energy storage information of the black start system, which can effectively reduce the probability of black start failure.

[0093] Based on the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the specific method of controlling the target energy storage converter unit to supply power to the power utilization system based on the initial output power in the foregoing step S203 will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. 3.

[0094] FIG. 3 is a flowchart of another black start method according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 3, the method comprises the following steps.

[0095] S301, in a target time period, controlling the target energy storage converter to operate based on the initial output power, and collecting a current value and a voltage value output by the target energy storage converter.

[0096] In some embodiments, the target energy storage converter and the AC bus further comprise components for filtering the output current and transforming the current voltage. The initial output power and the actual output power of the target energy storage converter may have a certain difference. In order to improve the success rate of black start, the actual output power of the target energy storage converter needs to be considered when controlling the operation of the target energy storage converter.

[0097] FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of another power system according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 4, the energy storage converter and the AC bus further comprise a filter resistor R1, a filter inductor L1, a filter capacitor C1, a transformer T, and a ground GND1.

[0098] When the controller obtains the initial output power, the controller can control the target converter to operate at the initial output power in a target time period (for example, 3 seconds), and collect a current value and a voltage value output by the target energy storage converter through a voltage sensor and a current sensor arranged between the filter capacitor C1 and the transformer T.

[0099] S302, performing coordinate transformation on the voltage value and the current value, and converting the voltage value and the current value of the three-phase AC current into the voltage value and the current value of the two-phase AC current.

[0100] In some embodiments, the controller collects the current value and the voltage value output by the target energy storage converter, which are three-phase AC current values and three-phase AC voltage values, for example, the voltage values Ua, Ub, and Uc of the a-axis, the b-axis, and the c-axis, and the current values la, lb, and lc. a b c a b c .

[0101] In some embodiments, in order to improve the accuracy of the control of the target energy storage converter, the controller can control the target energy storage converter in a virtual synchronous machine (VSG) control manner. When calculating the output of the target energy storage converter based on the VSG control, the three-phase AC voltage values and the three-phase AC current values need to be transformed in coordinates to determine the corresponding actual output power.

[0102] ​​​​​Wherein, the VSG is to embed the mathematical model of the synchronous generator into the control algorithm of the inverter, to simulate the static power electronic device as the operation technology of the rotating motor, and to make the synchronous generator have the functions of damping voltage and frequency rapid fluctuation, automatic power distribution, and synchronous power system operation through simulating the primary frequency regulation and voltage regulation of the synchronous generator.

[0103] For example, converting the three-phase alternating current voltage value and the three-phase alternating current current value into two-phase direct current voltage value and two-phase direct current current value can satisfy the following formula:

[0104] Wherein, the voltage value U d , U q is the two-phase direct current voltage value converted from the three-phase alternating current voltage value, the current value I d , I q is the two-phase direct current current value converted from the three-phase alternating current current value, and θ is the VSG control output angle.

[0105] S303, determining the actual output power according to the two-phase direct current current value and the two-phase direct current voltage value.

[0106] In some embodiments, the actual output power also includes actual active power and actual reactive power. The actual active power can also be referred to as active power measurement value, and the actual reactive power can also be referred to as reactive power measurement value.

[0107] For example, the actual active power and the actual reactive power can satisfy the following formula:

[0108] Wherein, P m is the actual active power, and Q m is the actual reactive power.

[0109] S304, obtaining the electromotive force amplitude and the output frequency of the target energy storage converter unit based on the actual output power and the initial output power.

[0110] In some embodiments, when the controller obtains the actual output power and the initial output power, the electromotive force amplitude of the target energy storage converter unit can be determined based on the following formula:

[0111] E = E ref +n(Q ref -Q m )

[0112] Wherein, E ref is the virtual electromotive force reference value, n is the reactive power adjustment coefficient, Q ref is the reactive power reference value, and Q m is the reactive power measurement value.

[0113] In some embodiments, the controller controls the target energy storage converter unit by employing a virtual synchronous generator control to simulate the output characteristics of a synchronous generator, and the rotor motion equation of the virtual synchronous generator can be as follows:

[0114] wherein ω is the VSG control output angular frequency (output frequency), ω n is the rated angular frequency, P ref is the active power reference value, P m is the active power measurement value, J and D are respectively the virtual inertia coefficient and the virtual damping coefficient.

[0115] S305, according to the electromotive force amplitude, the output frequency, and the two-phase DC voltage value, obtaining the control current of the target energy storage converter unit.

[0116] In some embodiments, the control current is used to indicate the output current when the target energy storage converter unit is running, that is, the current size output by the target energy storage converter during black start is the size of the control current.

[0117] When the controller obtains the electromotive force amplitude and the output frequency, the target energy storage converter can be controlled by employing a voltage-current double closed loop control mode.

[0118] For example, the control current of the target energy storage converter unit can satisfy the following formula:

[0119] wherein I ref_d is the d-axis current reference value (control current), I ref_q is the q-axis current reference value, k up is the voltage loop proportional coefficient, k ui is the voltage loop integral coefficient, L v is the virtual impedance, C f is the filter capacitance, and s is the differential operator.

[0120] S306, according to the control current of the target energy storage converter unit and the output frequency, obtaining the control voltage of the target energy storage converter unit.

[0121] In some embodiments, the control voltage is used to represent the output voltage (working voltage) of the target energy storage converter during the black start process.

[0122] When the controller obtains the control current of the target energy storage converter unit, the control voltage of the target energy storage converter unit can be obtained based on the following formula.

[0123] wherein Vref_d Vd is a d-axis voltage reference value (control voltage), k ref_q Vq is a q-axis voltage reference value, k ip ki is a current loop proportional coefficient, k ii ki is a current loop integral coefficient, L f Lf is a filter inductance.

[0124] S307, converting the control voltage of the target energy storage converter into a three-phase alternating current control voltage.

[0125] In some embodiments, when the controller obtains the control voltage of the target energy storage converter, since the voltage is a two-phase direct current voltage, the controller can also convert the two-phase direct current voltage into a three-phase alternating current voltage.

[0126] For example, the controller can convert the two-phase direct current voltage into a three-phase alternating current voltage by using the following formula:

[0127] S308, generating a power supply control signal of the target energy storage converter according to the three-phase alternating current control voltage.

[0128] When the controller obtains the three-phase alternating current control voltage, the controller can perform analog-to-digital conversion on the three-phase alternating current control voltage, and convert the three-phase alternating current control voltage into a power supply control signal (for example, a pulse signal) of the target energy storage converter. Since the control voltage is determined by the control current and the output frequency, when the target energy storage converter is controlled to operate based on the power supply control signal converted from the control voltage, the target energy storage converter can output electrical energy matching the control voltage, the control current and the output frequency.

[0129] In some embodiments, the three-phase alternating current control voltage is calculated based on the electromotive force amplitude of the target energy storage converter and the output frequency. In order to reduce the excitation inrush current generated when the target energy storage converter is controlled to start, when the controller calculates the electromotive force amplitude, the controller can gradually increase the virtual electromotive force reference value from 0 to a rated value within a preset time, thereby forming a control voltage ramp-up data.

[0130] For example, at the first moment when the target energy storage converter starts, the control voltage of the target energy storage converter is calculated based on the virtual electromotive force reference value of 0, at the second moment, the control voltage of the target energy storage converter is calculated based on the virtual electromotive force reference value of a (an increase value), at the third moment, the control voltage of the target energy storage converter is calculated based on the virtual electromotive force reference value of 2a, and until the Nth moment, the control voltage of the target energy storage converter is calculated based on the virtual electromotive force reference value of the rated value. In the above manner, the output of the target energy storage converter can have a slow rising process, effectively reducing the excitation inrush current generated when the target energy storage converter starts, and improving the stability of the black start system.

[0131] S309, according to the power supply control signal, controlling the operation of the target energy storage converter to supply power to the power utilization system.

[0132] When the controller generates the power supply control signal, the switch of the target energy storage converter can be driven to act based on the power supply control signal, and the power utilization system is supplied with the control voltage and the output frequency.

[0133] In summary, the black start method provided by the embodiments of the present application can effectively improve the success rate of black start of the power utilization system based on the prediction of the load of the power utilization system and the calculation of the power reference value of each unit according to the current state of each energy storage unit. In addition, the VSG control can provide inertia and frequency support similar to traditional synchronous generators, while reducing the no-load excitation inrush current during start-up, thereby improving the stability of the black system operation.

[0134] The black start method provided by the embodiments of the present application will be described below with a specific example.

[0135] FIG. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of another power system provided by the embodiments of the present application, as shown in FIG. 5, which includes:

[0136] Battery 201, energy storage converter 202, filter resistor R f 203, filter inductor L f 204, filter capacitor C f 205, transformer T 206, AC bus 207, load 208, power analyzer 209, power prediction 210, energy management 211, voltage sensor VT 212, current sensor CT 213, coordinate transformation 214, power calculation 215, VSG control 216, voltage and current double closed loop control 217, coordinate transformation 218, PWM control 219 and battery management 220.

[0137] The power prediction 210, the energy management 211, the coordinate transformation 214, the power calculation 215, the VSG control 216, the voltage and current double closed loop control 217, the coordinate transformation 218 and the PWM control 219 can be functional modules of the controller in the above embodiment.

[0138] In some embodiments, when the power system is black started, the power prediction 210 can determine the number of energy storage converters 202 used for black starting and the active reference value P ref_i and the reactive reference value Q ref_i based on the historical load data of the power system obtained from the power analyzer 209 and the state of charge of the battery obtained from the battery 201.

[0139] The VSG control 216 can control the energy storage converter 202 to operate for a preset time based on the active reference value P ref_i and the reactive reference value Q ref_i .

[0140] The coordinate transformation 214 collects the current value and the voltage value of the output of the energy storage converter 202 based on the voltage sensor VT 212 and the current sensor CT 213, and converts the collected current value and voltage value into two-phase direct current.

[0141] The power calculation 215 calculates the actual output power of the energy storage converter 202 based on the current value and the voltage value of the two-phase direct current.

[0142] The VSG control 216 calculates the actual electromotive force amplitude E and the output frequency of the virtual synchronous machine based on the initial output power and the actual output power.

[0143] The voltage and current double closed loop control 217 obtains the control voltage of the energy storage converter 202 based on the actual electromotive force amplitude E and the output frequency.

[0144] The coordinate transformation 218 performs coordinate conversion on the control voltage, and converts the control voltage of the two-phase direct current into the control voltage of three-phase alternating current.

[0145] The PWM control 219 compares the control voltage of the three-phase alternating current with a triangular carrier wave, so as to obtain the control pulse g of the converter switch, so as to drive the switch to act, realize energy conversion, and voltage and frequency control.

[0146] On the basis of the above embodiment, the embodiment of the present application further provides a black starting device.

[0147] FIG. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of a black starting device 60 provided by the embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 6, which comprises:

[0148] The acquisition module 601 is configured to acquire load of the power utilization system, and acquire energy storage information of the energy storage unit.

[0149] The processing module 602 is configured to determine an initial output power of the energy storage converter unit according to the load and the energy storage information.

[0150] The control module 603 is configured to control the energy storage converter unit to supply power to the power utilization system based on the initial output power, so that the output power of the energy storage converter unit matches the load.

[0151] In some embodiments, the control module 603 is further configured to control the energy storage converter unit to operate based on the initial output power and collect current values and voltage values of the output of the target energy storage converter unit within a target time length; determine an actual output power according to the current values and the voltage values; and control the target energy storage converter unit to supply power to the power utilization system based on the actual output power and the initial output power.

[0152] In some embodiments, the control module 603 is further configured to acquire an electromotive force amplitude and an output frequency of the energy storage converter unit based on the actual output power and the initial output power; generate a power supply control signal of the energy storage converter unit according to the electromotive force amplitude and the output frequency; and control the energy storage converter unit to operate according to the power supply control signal, so that the energy storage converter unit outputs power to the power utilization system according to the electromotive force amplitude and the output frequency.

[0153] In some embodiments, the current values and the voltage values of the output of the energy storage converter unit collected are three-phase alternating current values and three-phase alternating voltage values, and the processing module 602 is further configured to perform coordinate transformation on the three-phase alternating voltage values and the three-phase alternating current values, and convert the three-phase alternating voltage values and the three-phase alternating current values into two-phase direct current voltage values and two-phase direct current current values.

[0154] In some embodiments, the control module 603 is further configured to acquire a control current of the energy storage converter unit according to the electromotive force amplitude, the output frequency, and the two-phase direct current voltage values; the control current is used to represent current output of the energy storage converter unit with the control current; acquire a control voltage of the energy storage converter unit according to the control current of the energy storage converter unit and the output frequency; the control voltage is used to represent voltage of the current output of the energy storage converter unit; convert the control voltage of the energy storage converter unit into three-phase alternating control voltage; generate the power supply control signal of the target energy storage converter unit according to the three-phase alternating control voltage; and the power supply control signal is used to instruct the energy storage converter unit to output power to the power utilization system according to the control voltage and the control current.

[0155] In some embodiments, the acquisition module 601 is further configured to acquire historical load of the power utilization system, sample the historical load to generate a time series based on the historical load, fit the time series of the historical load to generate a load trend of the power utilization system, and predict the load of the power utilization system according to the load trend.

[0156] In some embodiments, the energy storage converter units are multiple, each of the energy storage converter units is connected with at least one energy storage unit, the processing module 602 is further configured to acquire power information of the energy storage units connected with each energy storage converter unit, and select, according to the power information and the predicted load of the power utilization system, an energy storage converter unit corresponding to an energy storage unit with a power value greater than or equal to the load as the target energy storage converter unit, or select energy storage converter units corresponding to multiple energy storage units with a sum of power values greater than or equal to the load as the target energy storage converter unit.

[0157] The black start device provided by the embodiments of the present application can perform the black start device method provided by any of the above embodiments, and has similar principles and technical effects, which will not be described here again.

[0158] The embodiments of the present application further provide an electronic device.

[0159] FIG. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of an electronic device 70 provided by the embodiments of the present application. As shown in FIG. 7, the electronic device can include a transceiver 701, a processor 702, and a memory 703. The electronic device can be the controller in any of the above embodiments.

[0160] The processor 702 executes computer execution instructions stored in the memory, so that the processor 702 performs the schemes in the above embodiments. The processor 702 can be a general-purpose processor, including a central processing unit CPU, a network processor NP, etc.; and can also be a digital signal processor DSP, an application-specific integrated circuit ASIC, a field programmable gate array FPGA or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, a discrete hardware component.

[0161] The memory 703 is connected with the processor 702 through a system bus and completes mutual communication. The memory 703 is configured to store computer program instructions.

[0162] The transceiver 701 can perform receiving load data and transmitting power supply control signals.

[0163] Optionally, the electronic device 70 can further include a communication interface to communicate with external or internal devices, for example, a client (such as a mobile phone or a tablet).

[0164] The system bus can be a peripheral component interconnect (PCI) bus or an extended industry standard architecture (EISA) bus, etc. The system bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of representation, only one thick line is shown in the figure, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or only one type of bus. The transceiver is used to realize the communication between the database access device and other computers (such as clients, read-write libraries and read-only libraries). The memory can include random access memory (RAM) and can also include non-volatile memory.

[0165] The embodiment of the present application also provides a chip for running instructions, which is used to execute the technical solutions of the black start method in the above embodiment.

[0166] The embodiment of the present application also provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by a processor to realize the technical solutions of the black start method in the above embodiment, and the implementation principle and technical effects are similar, which will not be repeated here.

[0167] In a possible implementation manner, the computer readable medium can include random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disk memories, magnetic disk memories or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium targeted at carrying or storing the required program codes in the form of instructions or data structures, and can be accessed by the computer. Moreover, any connection is appropriately referred to as a computer readable medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, a server or other remote source using a coaxial cable, an optical fiber cable, a twisted pair, a digital subscriber line (DSL) or wireless technology (such as infrared, radio and microwave), the coaxial cable, the optical fiber cable, the twisted pair, the DSL or the wireless technology (such as infrared, radio and microwave) is included in the definition of the medium. As used herein, the disk and the optical disk include a compact disc, a laser disc, an optical disc, a digital versatile disc (DVD), a floppy disk and a Blu-ray disc, in which the disk usually magnetically reproduces data, and the optical disk optically reproduces data with a laser. The combination of the above should also be included in the scope of the computer readable medium.

[0168] The embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product comprising a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the technical solutions of the black start method embodiments described above, and has similar implementation principles and technical effects, which will not be described here.

[0169] In the specific implementation of the terminal device or the server described above, it should be understood that the processor can be a central processing unit (English: Central Processing Unit, CPU for short), and can also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (English: Digital Signal Processor, DSP for short), application specific integrated circuits (English: Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC for short) and the like. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or the processor can also be any conventional processor and the like. The steps of the method disclosed in combination with the embodiments of the present application can be directly embodied as hardware processor execution, or executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.

[0170] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the steps of any of the method embodiments described above can be completed by hardware related to program instructions. The aforementioned program can be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and when the program is executed, all or part of the steps of the method embodiments described above are executed.

[0171] If the technical solutions of the present application are realized in the form of software and sold or used as products, they can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, all or part of the technical solutions of the present application can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes a computer program or a number of instructions. The computer software product makes a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, a network device or a similar electronic device) execute all or part of the steps of the method described in the embodiments of the present application.

[0172] It should be noted that, for the foregoing method embodiments, in order to simply describe, they are all described as a combination of a series of actions, but those skilled in the art should know that the present application is not limited to the order of the actions described, because according to the present application, certain steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should know that the embodiments described in the specification all belong to optional embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily necessary for the present application.

[0173] It should be further noted that although the steps in the flowchart are shown sequentially according to the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless explicitly stated herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and they can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some steps in the flowchart may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages. These sub-steps or stages are not necessarily completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. The execution order of these sub-steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be performed alternately or in turn with other steps or at least some of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.

[0174] It should be understood that the above-described device embodiments are merely illustrative, and the device of this application can also be implemented in other ways. For example, the division of units / modules in the above embodiments is only a logical functional division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units, modules, or components may be combined, or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed.

[0175] Furthermore, unless otherwise specified, the functional units / modules in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one unit / module, or each unit / module can exist physically separately, or two or more units / modules can be integrated together. The integrated units / modules described above can be implemented in hardware or as software program modules.

[0176] When an integrated unit / module is implemented in hardware, the hardware can be digital circuits, analog circuits, etc. The physical implementation of the hardware structure includes, but is not limited to, transistors, memristors, etc. Unless otherwise specified, the processor can be any suitable hardware processor, such as a CPU, GPU, FPGA, DSP, and ASIC, etc. Unless otherwise specified, the storage unit can be any suitable magnetic or magneto-optical storage medium, such as Resistive Random Access Memory (RRAM), Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Enhanced Dynamic Random Access Memory (EDRAM), High-Bandwidth Memory (HBM), Hybrid Memory Cube (HMC), etc.

[0177] If the integrated units / modules are implemented in the form of software program modules and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer readable memory. Based on this understanding, the technical solutions of the present application or the entire or part of the technical solutions that essentially contribute to the prior art can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a memory and includes a plurality of instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned memory includes: a U disk, a read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), a random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), a mobile hard disk, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and various media that can store program codes.

[0178] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own focus, and the parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment can be referred to the related description of other embodiments. The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described, however, as long as the combination of the technical features does not exist contradictory, it should be considered as the scope of the present application.

[0179] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the above embodiments, or make equivalent replacement for part or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A black start method, characterized by, The method comprises: predicting the load of the power consumption system, and obtaining energy storage information of an energy storage unit; determining an initial output power of an energy storage converter unit according to the load and the energy storage information; controlling the energy storage converter unit to supply power to the power consumption system based on the initial output power, so that the output power of the energy storage converter unit matches the load.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The step of controlling the energy storage converter unit to supply power to the power consumption system based on the initial output power comprises: controlling the energy storage converter unit to operate at the initial output power within a target time period, and collecting current and voltage values output by the energy storage converter unit; determining an actual output power according to the current and voltage values; controlling the energy storage converter unit to supply power to the power consumption system based on the actual output power and the initial output power.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, The step of controlling the energy storage converter unit to supply power to the power consumption system based on the actual output power and the initial output power comprises: obtaining an electromotive force amplitude and an output frequency of the energy storage converter unit based on the actual output power and the initial output power; generating a power supply control signal of the energy storage converter unit according to the electromotive force amplitude and the output frequency; controlling the energy storage converter unit to operate according to the power supply control signal, so that the energy storage converter unit outputs power to the power consumption system according to the electromotive force amplitude and the output frequency.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The step of predicting the load of the power consumption system comprises: obtaining historical load of the power consumption system; sampling the historical load to generate a time series based on the historical load; fitting the time series of the historical load to generate a load trend of the power consumption system; predicting the load of the power consumption system according to the load trend.

5. The method of claim 3, wherein, The current and voltage values output by the energy storage converter unit are three-phase alternating current values and three-phase alternating voltage values, and before the step of determining the actual output power according to the current and voltage values, the method further comprises: performing coordinate transformation on the three-phase alternating voltage values and the three-phase alternating current values to convert the three-phase alternating voltage values and the three-phase alternating current values into two-phase direct current voltage values and two-phase direct current current values.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein, The step of generating the power supply control signal of the energy storage converter unit according to the electromotive force amplitude and the output frequency comprises: obtaining a control current of the energy storage converter unit according to the electromotive force amplitude, the output frequency, and the two-phase direct current voltage values; the control current is used to represent current output of the energy storage converter unit; obtaining a control voltage of the energy storage converter unit according to the control current of the energy storage converter unit and the output frequency; the control voltage is used to represent output voltage of the energy storage converter unit; converting the control voltage of the energy storage converter unit into three-phase alternating control voltage; generating the power supply control signal of the energy storage converter unit according to the three-phase alternating control voltage; the power supply control signal is used to instruct the energy storage converter unit to output power to the power consumption system according to the control voltage and the control current.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The energy storage converter units are multiple, each of the energy storage converter units is connected with at least one energy storage unit, and the method further comprises: obtaining the power information of the energy storage unit connected with each energy storage converter unit; According to the power information and the predicted load of the power utilization system, selecting the energy storage converter unit corresponding to the energy storage unit with the power value greater than or equal to the load as the target energy storage converter unit for supplying power to the power utilization system, or selecting the energy storage converter units corresponding to multiple energy storage units with the sum of the power values greater than or equal to the load as the target energy storage converter unit.

8. A black start apparatus, characterized by Comprise: an acquisition module for predicting the load of a power utilization system and obtaining the energy storage information of an energy storage unit; a processing module for determining the initial output power of an energy storage converter unit according to the load and the energy storage information; a control module for controlling the energy storage converter unit to supply power to the power utilization system based on the initial output power, so that the output power of the energy storage converter unit matches the load.

9. An electronic device, comprising: Comprise: a memory for storing a computer program; a processor for executing the computer program to implement the method of any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, A computer program is stored thereon, and the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the method of any one of claims 1-7.

11. A computer program product, characterised in that, A computer program is stored thereon, and the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the method of any one of claims 1-7. A computer program is stored thereon, and the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the method of any one of claims 1-7.

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