A multi-directional buffering, limiting, energy-consuming, resettable bridge anti-seismic stopper structure

Abstract

The present invention discloses a multi-directional buffering, limiting, energy-consuming, resettable bridge anti-seismic block structure, comprising a steel corbel and a block structure, wherein the steel corbel is fixed to the top of the side wall of the bridge pier by steel corbel bolts, and the block structure comprises a steel top plate fixed to the bottom of the main beam by steel top plate bolts, and a square block fixed to the top of the steel corbel, and a concave block with an inverted "concave" structure is fixed to the bottom of the steel top plate, and a rough friction surface is formed on the upper surface of the square block, and the friction surface is in close contact with the top of the groove at the bottom of the concave block, and a plurality of block compression springs are arranged between the upper side wall of the square block and the side wall of the groove at the bottom of the concave block. The present invention can limit energy consumption in multiple directions, and the material price of the present invention is low, the structure is simple, and the construction is convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of bridge earthquake resistance, and in particular relates to a multi-directional buffering, limiting, energy-consuming and resettable bridge earthquake resistance stopper structure. Background Art

[0002] With the development of my country's economic strength, more and more investment has been made in transportation construction. The construction of large-scale transportation infrastructure has promoted the development of urban and regional economies. In order to save land resources, my country's transportation construction advocates replacing roads with bridges, which has also brought opportunities for the rapid development of my country's bridge engineering. Now more and more high-speed railways, viaducts, and large-span bridges are being built. At present, my country has more than one million bridges built and under construction.

[0003] The construction cost of bridges is high and the number of bridges to be built is large. Bridges are important nodes and hubs of transportation lifelines, but due to their structural characteristics, bridges are also the weak link in transportation routes. Once damaged by an earthquake, not only will the losses be huge, but the post-earthquake repair work will also be fraught with difficulties.

[0004] The damage caused by earthquakes to bridges mainly takes the following forms: 1. Beam falling due to failure of supporting connections or excessive displacement of upper beams, most of which occurs in the longitudinal direction of the bridge; 2. Local damage caused by collision of beams at expansion joints; 3. Falling of movable bearings, displacement of bearings or structural damage of bearings themselves; 4. Bending and shear damage of piers, tilting and sliding of abutments, and collision damage between abutments and superstructures; 5. Seismic damage to pile foundations caused by failure of foundations and shear and bending damage to pile foundations caused by inertial forces transmitted from superstructures.

[0005] The collapse of bridges during an earthquake can cause many hazards. However, there are still many bridges in my country that were designed according to the original design standards or have already suffered certain damages. They cannot meet the current social needs of a large number of vehicles and heavy transportation weights. Strengthening or renovating these bridges requires a lot of manpower and material resources.

[0006] In order to limit the large displacement of the upper beam of the bridge in the transverse direction, reinforced concrete blocks are often installed on both sides of the top of the pier cap beam, while there are relatively few preventive measures to limit the longitudinal and vertical displacement of the upper beam. However, beams often fall in the longitudinal direction of the bridge after the bridge is hit by an earthquake, and the collision between ordinary reinforced concrete blocks and beams is a rigid collision, which is easy to cause local damage. In addition, due to the insufficient structural force performance, the transverse blocks are prone to irreparable damage and cannot effectively limit the displacement of the beam.

[0007] In view of the above defects, it is necessary to design and develop a new type of multi-directional limit-seismic stop block structure, which can not only limit the displacement of the upper beam in multiple directions, but also have a buffer energy-absorbing device to limit the large-scale displacement of the beam while reducing damage to the stop block itself. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention designs and develops a new type of multi-directional buffering, limiting, energy-consuming, resettable bridge seismic block structure. The purpose of the present invention is to limit the excessive displacement between the upper main beam and the lower pier in the transverse and longitudinal directions of the bridge, to prevent the beam from falling and causing earthquake damage in the transverse and longitudinal directions; to transfer the collision between adjacent beams at the expansion joint to multiple bridge seismic blocks, to reduce the expansion impact damage at the expansion joint and the local damage in the collision area between adjacent beams; to transfer the rigid collision that should have occurred between the upper beam and the seismic block through the internal block structure and rotating mechanism, to multiple buffering and energy consumption, to become a flexible collision of the internal structure of the bridge seismic block. The present invention can also limit the vertical displacement of the main beam, to prevent vertical warping damage to the beam, and to make the bearing itself less damaged when it collides vertically with the beam. The new bridge seismic stopper described in the present invention has multiple seismic buffer devices inside, which not only greatly reduces the damage to the stopper itself, but also prevents the inertial force transmitted by the upper structure from causing shear and bending damage to the pile foundation, and also reduces the damage to the bottom structure of the pier, thereby playing a role in bridge seismic resistance.

[0009] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0010] A multi-directional buffering, limiting, energy-absorbing, resettable bridge anti-seismic block structure comprises a steel corbel and a block structure, wherein the steel corbel is fixed to the top of the pier side wall by steel corbel bolts, and the block structure comprises a steel top plate fixed to the bottom of the main beam by steel top plate bolts, and a square block fixed to the top of the steel corbel, a concave block with an inverted "concave" structure is fixed to the bottom of the steel top plate, a rough friction surface is formed on the upper surface of the square block, and the friction surface is in close contact with the top of the groove at the bottom of the concave block, and a plurality of block compression springs are arranged between the top of the side wall of the square block and the side wall of the groove at the bottom of the concave block.

[0011] The steel corbel includes a top plate, an inner plate, an outer plate, and a web plate. The inner plate is provided with a plurality of bolt holes for fixing it above the side wall of the pier. A top plate and two web plates are vertically arranged between the outer plate and the inner wall of the inner plate, and the top of the web plate is connected to the bottom of the top plate.

[0012] A rotating mechanism is provided between the bottom two sides of the concave stopper and the top plate, and the rotating mechanism comprises an upper rotating steel plate, a lower rotating steel plate, an upper triangular stopper and a lower triangular stopper, the long right-angled side walls of the upper triangular stopper are fixedly connected to the bottom two sides of the concave stopper, and the long right-angled side walls of the lower triangular stopper are fixed to the upper surface of the top plate, one end of the upper rotating steel plate and the lower rotating steel plate are hinged by a rotating hinge, and the other ends of the two are respectively fixed on the second rotating hinge support and the third rotating hinge support, the second and third rotating hinge supports are respectively fixed to the ends with smaller widths of the upper and lower triangular stoppers, an upper compression spring is installed between the upper rotating steel plate and the upper triangular stopper, and a lower compression spring is installed between the lower rotating steel plate and the lower triangular stopper.

[0013] The rotating mechanism also includes a connecting steel plate, the top of which is welded to both sides of the bottom of the concave stopper, and the bottom end of which is hinged to the top plate through a first rotating hinge support, and the first rotating hinge support is fixed to the top of the top plate.

[0014] The upper triangular stopper and the lower triangular stopper are made of rubber material.

[0015] The connecting steel plate is energy-dissipating reset type low yield strength steel.

[0016] An expansion joint is formed between the main beam and the second main beam, and a movable bridge bearing arranged on a second bearing pad stone is provided between the second main beam and the bridge pier. The maximum displacement of the rotating mechanism is less than the maximum distance that the movable bridge bearing can move; the maximum displacement of the rotating mechanism is less than the width of the expansion joint.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] The present invention can effectively limit the relatively large displacement between the bridge beam and the pier along the bridge direction, prevent the beam from falling and being damaged, reduce the earthquake damage to the movable support and expansion joint, and reduce the damage to the pier bottom and pile foundation structure. The seismic device is arranged near each movable support, with dispersed positions and a large number, which can effectively limit the displacement of the bridge along the bridge direction, reduce the seismic force acting on each device, and reduce the damage to the device itself.

[0019] The present invention can dissipate energy in multiple directions. When the upper beam and the bridge pier are displaced, the connecting steel plate will be deformed, and the energy generated by its plastic deformation will consume the seismic energy, and it can also limit the vertical displacement of the beam; at the same time, due to the action of the rotating mechanism and the upper and lower triangular blocks, the structure itself and the bridge are limited to large displacements in the longitudinal direction; when displacement occurs in the transverse direction, the elastic potential energy generated by the block compression spring and the sliding friction force generated by the displacement of the square block and the concave block in the transverse direction (this sliding friction force also plays a role in the displacement in the longitudinal direction) can be relied on to consume seismic energy, thereby limiting the transverse displacement of the bridge.

[0020] The present invention can achieve a certain reset function. After the earthquake, due to the restoring force of the upper compression spring and the lower compression spring, the connecting steel plate can return to its original position and state, and the upper rotating steel plate and the lower rotating steel plate can also return to their original positions. The block compression spring can also provide a certain reset function for the transverse bridge.

[0021] 4) The present invention has the advantages of low material price, simple structure and convenient construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a layout diagram of the present invention along the bridge direction;

[0023] Figure 2 It is the transverse bridge layout diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the bridge-oriented structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a first working state diagram of the present invention under earthquake action;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a second working state diagram of the present invention under earthquake action;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the transverse bridge structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

[0029] In the figure: 1 steel corbel, 2 square block, 3 concave block, 4 connecting steel plate, 5, first rotating hinge support, 6 steel top plate, 7 upper triangular block, 8 lower triangular block, 9 second rotating hinge support, 10 third rotating hinge support 11, upper rotating steel plate, 12 lower rotating steel plate, 13 rotating hinge, 14 upper compression spring, 15 lower compression spring, 16 top plate, 17 inner plate, 18 outer plate, 19 web plate, 20 steel corbel bolts, 21 steel top plate bolts, 22 block compression spring, 23 friction surface, 24 main beam, 25 second main beam, 26 fixed bridge bearing, 27 bearing pedestal stone, 28 movable bridge bearing, 29 second bearing pedestal stone, 30 pier, 31 rotating mechanism, 32 block structure, 33 expansion joint. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention is further described below

[0031] See also Figure 1-7 ,

[0032] The present invention discloses a multi-directional buffering, limiting, energy-absorbing, resettable bridge anti-seismic block structure, comprising a steel corbel 1 and a block structure 32. The steel corbel 1 is fixed to the top of the side wall of the pier 30 by steel corbel bolts 20. The block structure 32 comprises a steel top plate 6 fixed to the bottom of the main beam 24 by steel top plate bolts 21, and a square block 2 fixed to the top of the steel corbel 1. A concave block 3 with an inverted "concave" structure is fixed to the bottom of the steel top plate 6. A rough friction surface 23 is formed on the upper surface of the square block 2. The friction surface 23 is in close contact with the top of the groove at the bottom of the concave block 3. A plurality of block compression springs 22 are arranged between the top of the side wall of the square block 2 and the side wall of the groove at the bottom of the concave block 3. A bridge fixed support 26 arranged on a support pad stone 27 is arranged between the main beam 24 and the pier 30.

[0033] The steel corbel 1 includes a top plate 16, an inner plate 17, an outer plate 18, and a web 19. The inner plate 17 is provided with a plurality of bolt holes for fixing it to the top of the side wall of the pier 30. A top plate 16 and two webs 19 are provided vertically thereto between the outer plate 18 and the top of the inner wall of the inner plate 17. The top of the web 19 is connected to the bottom of the top plate 16.

[0034] A rotating mechanism 31 is provided between the bottom sides of the concave stopper 3 and the top plate 16, and the rotating mechanism 31 includes an upper rotating steel plate 11, a lower rotating steel plate 12, an upper triangular stopper 7 and a lower triangular stopper 8. The long right-angled side walls of the upper triangular stopper 7 are fixedly connected to the bottom sides of the concave stopper 3, and the long right-angled side walls of the lower triangular stopper 8 are fixed to the upper surface of the top plate 16. One end of the upper rotating steel plate 11 and the lower rotating steel plate 12 are hinged by a rotating hinge 13, and the other ends of the two are respectively fixed on the second rotating hinge support 9 and the third rotating hinge support 10, and the second and third rotating hinge supports are respectively fixed to the ends with smaller widths of the upper and lower triangular stops, and an upper compression spring 14 is installed between the upper rotating steel plate 11 and the upper triangular stopper 7, and a lower compression spring 15 is installed between the lower rotating steel plate 12 and the lower triangular stopper 8, which not only buffers and consumes energy when the bridge vibrates and displaces in the along-bridge direction, but also facilitates the device to achieve post-earthquake reset.

[0035] The rotating mechanism 31 also includes a connecting steel plate 4, the top end of which is welded to the bottom sides of the concave stopper 3, and the bottom end of which is hinged to the top plate 16 through a first rotating hinge support 5, and the first rotating hinge support 5 is fixed to the top of the top plate 16.

[0036] The upper triangular stopper 7 and the lower triangular stopper 8 are made of rubber material.

[0037] The connecting steel plate 4 is an energy-dissipating resettable low-yield strength steel, and its yield strength is lower than the yield strength of other steel materials in the seismic block structure. In an earthquake, the energy-dissipating resettable low-yield point steel plate undergoes a larger deformation than other ordinary steel plates, thereby consuming seismic energy.

[0038] An expansion joint 33 is formed between the main beam 24 and the second main beam 25, and a movable bridge bearing 28 arranged on a second bearing pad stone 29 is provided between the second main beam 25 and the bridge pier 30. The maximum displacement of the rotating mechanism 31 is less than the maximum distance that the movable bridge bearing 28 can move; the maximum displacement of the rotating mechanism 31 is less than the width of the expansion joint 33.

[0039] Working principle: In the absence of an earthquake, the connecting steel plate 4 is in a vertical state without deformation, the square block 2 is located in the middle of the groove of the concave block 3, and its upper surface is in close contact with the lower surface of the groove of the concave block 3, and the springs at various locations are in a natural state without deformation; under the action of an earthquake, a relative displacement occurs between the main beam 24 and the pier 30. On the one hand, the connecting steel plate 4 deforms in the direction of the bridge, and the energy generated by its plastic deformation consumes the earthquake energy, thereby reducing the damage to other components of the bridge caused by the earthquake. At the same time, the upper rotating steel plate 11 rotates toward the direction close to the upper triangular block 7, and the lower rotating steel plate 12 rotates away from the lower triangular block 8. The upper compression spring 14 is compressed, and the lower compression spring 15 is stretched (when the relative displacement directions of the main beam 24 and the pier 30 are opposite, the upper and lower rotating steel plates 11, 1 2 and the tension and compression states of the upper and lower compression springs 14 and 15 are also opposite), converting part of the seismic energy into elastic potential energy of the spring. Due to the action of the upper triangular stopper 7 and the lower triangular stopper 8, the large displacement of the structure is limited. On the other hand, in the longitudinal direction of the bridge, the square stopper 2 and the concave stopper 3 are relatively displaced, relying on the sliding friction generated by the two to dissipate part of the seismic energy; in the transverse direction of the bridge, the elastic potential energy generated by the stopper compression spring 22 and the sliding friction generated by the transverse displacement of the square stopper 2 and the concave stopper 3 can also be relied on to consume the seismic energy, thereby limiting the transverse displacement of the bridge; after the earthquake, due to the restoring force of the upper compression spring 14, the lower compression spring 15 and the stopper compression spring 22, the structure can achieve a certain reset function after the earthquake.

[0040] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent transformations made using the contents of the present invention's specification and drawings or directly or indirectly applied in related technical fields are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-directional buffering, limiting, energy-consuming, resettable bridge anti-seismic block structure, characterized by: The invention comprises a steel corbel (1) and a stopper structure (32), wherein the steel corbel (1) is fixed to the upper side wall of the pier (30) by means of steel corbel bolts (20), and the stopper structure (32) comprises a steel top plate (6) fixed to the bottom of the main beam (24) by means of steel top plate bolts (21), and a square stopper (2) fixed to the top of the steel corbel (1), wherein a concave stopper (3) having an inverted "concave" structure is fixed to the bottom of the steel top plate (6), and a rough friction surface (23) is formed on the upper surface of the square stopper (2). The surface (23) is in close contact with the top of the groove at the bottom of the concave stopper (3); a plurality of stopper compression springs (22) are provided between the upper side wall of the square stopper (2) and the side wall of the groove at the bottom of the concave stopper (3); the steel bracket (1) comprises a top plate (16), an inner plate (17), an outer plate (18), and a web plate (19); the inner plate (17) is provided with a plurality of bolt holes for fixing it to the upper side wall of the pier (30); the outer plate (18) and the inner wall of the inner plate (17) are connected to each other. A top plate (16) and two webs (19) are arranged vertically therewith, and the top of the webs (19) are connected to the bottom of the top plate (16); a rotating mechanism (31) is arranged between the bottom sides of the concave stopper (3) and the top plate (16), and the rotating mechanism (31) comprises an upper rotating steel plate (11), a lower rotating steel plate (12), an upper triangular stopper (7) and a lower triangular stopper (8); the long right-angle side wall of the upper triangular stopper (7) is fixed to the bottom sides of the concave stopper (3). The upper and lower triangular blocks (8) are fixedly connected, the long right-angled side wall of the lower triangular block (8) is fixed to the upper surface of the top plate (16), one end of the upper rotating steel plate (11) and the lower rotating steel plate (12) are hinged by a rotating hinge (13), and the other ends of the two are respectively fixed to a second rotating hinge support (9) and a third rotating hinge support (10), the second and third rotating hinge supports are respectively fixed to the ends of the upper and lower triangular blocks with smaller widths, and an upper compression spring (14) is installed between the upper rotating steel plate (11) and the upper triangular block (7). A lower compression spring (15) is installed between the lower rotating steel plate (12) and the lower triangular stopper (8); the rotating mechanism (31) further comprises a connecting steel plate (4), the top end of the connecting steel plate (4) is welded to the bottom sides of the concave stopper (3), and the bottom end is hinged to the top plate (16) via a first rotating hinge support (5), and the first rotating hinge support (5) is fixed to the top of the top plate (16); the connecting steel plate (4) is energy-dissipating reset type low yield strength steel.

2. According to claim 1, a multi-directional buffering, limiting, energy-consuming, resettable bridge anti-seismic stopper structure is characterized by: An expansion joint (33) is formed between the main beam (24) and the second main beam (25); a movable bridge bearing (28) disposed on a second bearing pad stone (29) is provided between the second main beam (25) and the bridge pier (30); the maximum displacement of the rotating mechanism (31) is smaller than the maximum distance that the movable bridge bearing (28) can move; and the maximum displacement of the rotating mechanism (31) is smaller than the width of the expansion joint (33).

Images