High-altitude area, high internal pressure, high air tightness, large-span space structure

Abstract

The present invention relates to a high-inner-pressure, high-air-tightness, large-span space structure in high-altitude areas. The external structure is a self-balancing structural system formed by a plurality of annular load-bearing components surrounding an intermediate structure along their respective axial arrays; the intermediate structure is fixedly installed in the external structure, and the intermediate structure is assembled by a number of intermediate structural units; the internal structure is attached to the intermediate structure, and a whole air-film structure with high air-tightness is adopted. When the large space is not pressurized, the internal structure can be separated from the intermediate structure. After the large space is pressurized, the pressure makes the internal structure close to the intermediate structure; the external structure is installed on the supporting structure as a whole, does not contact the ground, and the supporting structure is installed on the ground. The large-span space structural system of the present invention is novel and has clear layers. The internal, middle, and external structures form a self-balancing force system, which can withstand a large internal pressure and can be realized by manual handling and assembly. It has a closed and pressure-bearing effect and meets the needs of pressurized oxygen supplementation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of pressurized oxygen-supplementing buildings in high-altitude areas, and in particular to a large-span space structure with high internal pressure, high air tightness and high altitude. Background Art

[0002] High altitude areas have low air pressure and low oxygen content. People, especially those from low altitude areas, who live in high altitude areas for a short or long period of time or engage in a certain degree of exercise, generally suffer from plateau hypoxia. People are prone to various altitude diseases, which seriously endanger their physical and mental health and work efficiency. In order to solve this problem, it is necessary to establish a confined space for local pressurization and oxygen supplementation. However, in high altitude areas, especially uninhabited places with few people, it is very labor-intensive to establish a confined space without the assistance of large-scale equipment, and the sealing and pressure-bearing effects cannot be guaranteed. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a large-span space structure with high internal pressure, high airtightness and high altitude in view of the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art. It can be realized by manual transportation and assembly, has a sealing and pressure-bearing effect, and meets the needs of pressurized oxygen supplementation.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is:

[0005] A large-span space structure with high internal pressure and high air tightness in high-altitude areas, comprising an external structure, an intermediate structure, an internal structure and a supporting structure; the external structure is a self-balancing structural system formed by a plurality of annular load-bearing members surrounding the intermediate structure along their respective axial arrays, and is the main load-bearing structure; the intermediate structure is fixedly installed in the external structure, and the intermediate structure is assembled through a number of intermediate structural units, and is a thermal insulation enclosure structure for a large space, and transmits high internal pressure; the internal structure is abutted against the intermediate structure to ensure high air tightness of the large space; the internal structure adopts a whole air-film structure with high air tightness, and when the large space is not pressurized, the internal structure can be detached from the intermediate structure, and after the large space is pressurized, the pressure makes the internal structure close to the intermediate structure; the external structure is installed as a whole on the supporting structure, the external structure does not contact the ground, and the supporting structure is installed on the ground.

[0006] In the above scheme, the large space shapes enclosed by the external structure, the intermediate structure and the internal structure include box-shaped, spherical, ellipsoidal, and spatial surfaces with arbitrary curvature. The box-shaped space is not less than 10 meters long, not less than 10 meters wide, and not less than 5 meters high. The diameter of the spherical space is not less than 10 meters. The major and minor axis radii of the ellipsoidal space and the spatial surface are not less than 10 meters, and the polar axis radius is not less than 5 meters.

[0007] In the above scheme, for the box-shaped space, the multiple annular load-bearing components include three types of annular load-bearing components whose axes are parallel to the length, width and height of the intermediate structure respectively; for the spherical space, the multiple annular load-bearing components include two types of annular load-bearing components whose axes pass through the center of the sphere or are parallel to the equatorial plane; for the ellipsoidal space and the spatial curved surface, the multiple annular load-bearing components include two types of annular load-bearing components whose axes are parallel to the major axis and minor axis of the intermediate structure.

[0008] In the above scheme, the structural form of the annular load-bearing member is a string beam, a truss, a grid, a lattice shell or a frame, and the material used is a high-strength material.

[0009] In the above scheme, the annular load-bearing member in the form of a tensioned beam structure includes support rods, cables and a first chord, wherein the first chord is distributed along the circumference of the intermediate structure, the support rods are perpendicular to the first chord and are evenly distributed along the chord, and the cables connect the support rods to form an annular structure connected end to end; the annular load-bearing member in the form of a truss structure includes a second chord arranged in parallel, and a straight web member and an oblique web member arranged between the second chord members; the annular load-bearing member in the form of a grid structure includes ball nodes distributed in a plane and connecting rods connecting the ball nodes; the annular load-bearing member in the form of a lattice shell structure includes ball nodes distributed in space and spatial connecting rods connecting the ball nodes; the annular load-bearing member in the form of a frame structure includes a single-layer rod parallel to the length, width or height of the intermediate structure.

[0010] In the above scheme, the intermediate structural unit adopts a modular design, including a main structure, and the edge of the main structure is provided with mutually matching male and female notches or holes, and the main structures are tightly spliced ​​through the male and female notches or holes.

[0011] In the above scheme, the main structure is a strip-shaped structure, which includes a cavity structure with a thickness of not less than 200 mm and stiffening ribs arranged inside the cavity structure, and the cavity structure is filled with thermal insulation material.

[0012] In the above scheme, the main structure is a plate structure, and the plate structure is a solid structure with a regular shape; the material of the plate structure is wood, engineering plastics or carbon fiber.

[0013] In the above scheme, the membrane material of the internal structure is a composite material composed of glass fiber cloth, plastic film or metal fabric and coating.

[0014] In the above solution, the support structure is evenly arranged along the bottom surface of the external structure, the support structure is a height-adjustable structure, the upper end of the support structure is fixedly connected to the external structure, and the lower end is placed on the hardened ground.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0016] 1. The large-span spatial structure system proposed by the present invention is novel and has clear layers. The internal, middle and external structures form a self-balanced force system. Only the deadweight of the components is transmitted to the supporting structure. The force is clear and can withstand a large internal pressure. The performance of the structural materials is fully utilized, and it is green and low-carbon. Among them, the external structure and the intermediate structure are assembled with annular load-bearing components and strip units / plate units respectively. In high-altitude areas without the assistance of large-scale equipment, small equipment and manpower can be used for transportation and on-site assembly. The internal structure adopts a whole air film structure to ensure the high air tightness of the large-span spatial structure.

[0017] 2. In the large-span spatial structure of the present invention, each annular load-bearing member is arranged around the middle structure, connected end to end, forming a closed loop. Under the action of the high pressure difference between the inside and outside, the load-bearing member in the external structure constrains the middle structure like a "barrel hoop". Since the load-bearing members are connected end to end to form a ring, the radial internal forces of the load-bearing members perpendicular to the ring cancel each other out, and only bear the annular tensile force. In addition to the deadweight of the structure, no other loads are transmitted to the supporting structure. Multiple annular load-bearing members form a self-balancing force system of the external structure, giving full play to the tensile properties of the material, and effectively solving the problems of large-span spatial structures under high pressure difference, large forces, large materials, and uneconomical.

[0018] 3. The shapes of the large-span spatial structures of the present invention include box-shaped, spherical, ellipsoidal, and spatial surfaces with arbitrary curvature. The structural forms are diverse, meeting the diverse design requirements for the appearance, layout and function of large-span spatial structures.

[0019] 4. The large-span space structure proposed in the present invention solves the problem that large-span space structures in high-altitude areas are difficult to withstand large internal pressures. At the same time, it ensures the high air tightness of the large-span space structure, and can achieve pressurization and oxygen supplementation for large-space public buildings in high-altitude areas, meeting the needs of people entering Tibet to carry out strenuous exercise, large-scale meetings, etc. in the plateau areas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in which:

[0021] Figure 1 It is an overall structural diagram of the first embodiment of the large-span space structure of the present invention (the external structure is a beam string type);

[0022] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A transverse cross-section of the large-span spatial structure shown;

[0023] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A longitudinal section of the large-span spatial structure shown;

[0024] Figure 4 yes Figure 1The structural diagram of the intermediate structural unit (strip-shaped) of the large-span spatial structure shown;

[0025] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 Structural diagram of the supporting structure of the large-span spatial structure shown;

[0026] Figure 6 It is an overall structural diagram of the second embodiment of the large-span space structure of the present invention (the external structure is a truss type);

[0027] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A longitudinal section of the large-span spatial structure shown;

[0028] Figure 8 yes Figure 6 The single-sided load-bearing member diagram of the large-span spatial structure shown;

[0029] Fig. 9 yes Figure 6 The structural diagram of the intermediate structural unit (plate-shaped) of the large-span spatial structure shown;

[0030] Fig.10 It is an overall structural diagram of the third embodiment of the large-span space structure of the present invention (the external structure is a grid type);

[0031] Fig.11 yes Fig. 9 A longitudinal section of the large-span spatial structure shown;

[0032] Fig.12 yes Fig. 9 The single-sided load-bearing member diagram of the large-span spatial structure shown;

[0033] Figure 13-15 : is the overall structural diagram of the fourth embodiment of the large-span space structure of the present invention (the external structure is a lattice shell type); wherein, Fig.13 It is a single-layer spherical lattice shell. Fig.14 It is a double-layer spherical lattice shell type. Fig.15 It is an ellipsoidal lattice shell type;

[0034] Fig.16 yes Fig.15 Cross-section of the large-span spatial structure shown.

[0035] In the figure: 10, external structure; 11, annular load-bearing member; 111, support rod; 112, cable; 113, first chord; 114, second chord; 115, straight web; 116, diagonal web; 117, ball node; 118, connecting rod;

[0036] 20. Intermediate structure; 21. Intermediate structural unit; 211. Cavity structure; 212. Reinforced ribs;

[0037] 30. Internal structure;

[0038] 40. Support structure; 41. Chassis; 42. Screw rod; 43. Adjustable nut. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention are now described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] See also Figure 1 , Figure 6 The present invention proposes a large-span space structure with high internal pressure and high air tightness in high-altitude areas, including an external structure 10 for main load bearing, an intermediate structure 20 for providing thermal insulation and enclosure and transmitting high internal pressure, an internal structure 30 for ensuring high air tightness of a large space, and a support structure 40 with adjustable height and adaptive site. Among them, the external structure 10 is a self-balancing structural system formed by a plurality of annular load-bearing members 11 surrounding the intermediate structure 20 along their respective axial arrays, and is the main load-bearing structure; the intermediate structure 20 is fixedly installed in the external structure 10 by means of bolts, screws, etc., and the intermediate structure 20 is assembled by a number of intermediate structural units 21, which is a thermal insulation enclosure structure for a large space and transmits high internal pressure; the internal structure 30 is attached to the intermediate structure 20 to ensure high air tightness of the large space; the internal structure 30 adopts a whole air-film structure with high air tightness, and is not fixedly connected to the intermediate structure 20. When the large space is not pressurized, the internal structure 30 can be detached from the intermediate structure 20. After the large space is pressurized, the pressure makes the internal structure 30 close to the intermediate structure 20; the external structure 10 is installed as a whole on the supporting structure 40, the external structure 10 is not in contact with the ground, and the supporting structure 40 is installed on the ground.

[0041] In the large-span spatial structure of the present invention, each annular load-bearing member 11 is arranged around the middle structure 20, connected end to end, forming a closed loop. Under the action of the high pressure difference between the inside and outside, the load-bearing member in the external structure 10 constrains the middle structure 20 like a "barrel hoop". Since the load-bearing members are connected end to end to form a ring, the radial internal forces of the load-bearing members perpendicular to the ring cancel each other out, and only the annular tensile force is borne. Except for the deadweight of the structure, no other load is transmitted to the supporting structure 40. Multiple annular load-bearing members 11 form a self-balancing force system of the external structure, giving full play to the tensile properties of the material, and effectively solving the problems of large force, large material consumption, and uneconomical large-span spatial structures under high pressure difference.

[0042] Further optimization, the large space shapes enclosed by the external structure 10, the intermediate structure 20 and the internal structure 30 include box-shaped, spherical, ellipsoidal, and space surfaces with arbitrary curvature. Among them, the box-shaped space is not less than 10 meters long, not less than 10 meters wide, and not less than 5 meters high; the diameter of the spherical space is not less than 10 meters; the long axis and short axis radii of the ellipsoidal space and the space surface are not less than 10 meters, and the polar axis radius is not less than 5 meters. The large-span space structure is closed and has high air tightness. It can be pressurized inside, and the pressure value can reach up to 100kPa.

[0043] Further optimization, for box-shaped space, the multiple annular load-bearing components 11 include three types of annular load-bearing components 11 whose axes are respectively parallel to the length, width and height of the intermediate structure 20. For spherical space, the multiple annular load-bearing components include two types of annular load-bearing components whose axes pass through the center of the sphere or are parallel to the equatorial plane; for ellipsoidal space and space curved surface, the multiple annular load-bearing components include two types of annular load-bearing components whose axes are parallel to the major axis and minor axis of the intermediate structure.

[0044] For further optimization, the intersections of the annular load-bearing components 11 are fixedly connected by welding, bolts, bolt balls or pins, thereby forming an integral external structure 10, which can withstand the pressure difference between the internal large space and the external environment, up to tens of kPa.

[0045] For further optimization, the structure of the annular load-bearing member 11 can be a string beam, a truss, a grid, a lattice shell or a frame, and the structural material can be high-strength materials such as steel, aluminum alloy, cable, carbon fiber, engineering plastics, etc.

[0046] For further optimization, the intermediate structure unit 21 adopts a modular design, including a main structure, and the edges of the main structure are provided with mutually matching male and female grooves or holes, and the main structures are tightly spliced ​​through the male and female grooves or holes.

[0047] With further optimization, the main structure is a strip structure or a plate structure, which has the functions of heat preservation, waterproofing and sound insulation.

[0048] Further optimized, the internal structure 30 has high air tightness, adopts a whole air membrane structure, and the membrane material is a composite material composed of glass fiber cloth, plastic film or metal fabric and coating.

[0049] Further optimized, the support structure 40 is evenly arranged along the bottom surface of the external structure 10, the upper end of the support structure 40 is fixedly connected to the external structure 10, and the lower end is placed on the hardened ground. The support structure 40 is a height-adjustable structure so as to adjust the height of the external structure 10.

[0050] The following is a description of the high-altitude high-inner-pressure, high-air-tightness, large-span space structure of the present invention through several specific embodiments.

[0051] First embodiment:

[0052] like Figure 1-3 As shown, in this embodiment, the annular load-bearing member 11 of the external structure 10 is of a tension beam type, and the tension beam type annular load-bearing member 11 includes a support rod 111, a cable 112 and a first chord 113, the first chord 113 is distributed along the circumference of the intermediate structure 20, the support rod 111 is perpendicular to the first chord 113, and is evenly distributed along the first chord 113, and the cable 112 is used to connect the support rods 111 to form an annular structure connected end to end.

[0053] The intermediate structure 20 is assembled by using the intermediate structure units 21 of modular design. The main structure of the intermediate structure unit 21 is a strip-shaped structure. Figure 4 The strip-like structure includes a cavity structure with a thickness of not less than 200 mm and stiffening ribs arranged inside the cavity structure. The cavity structure is filled with insulation materials such as polyurethane, ultra-fine aviation-grade glass wool or polystyrene foam.

[0054] See also Figure 5 The support structure 40 includes a chassis 41, a screw 42 and an adjustable nut 43. The lower end of the screw 42 is connected to the chassis 41, and the upper end of the screw 42 is bolted to the external structure 10. The installation height of the external structure 10 can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the adjustable nut 43.

[0055] Second embodiment:

[0056] like Figure 6-8 As shown, in this embodiment, the annular load-bearing member 11 of the external structure 10 is of truss type, and the truss type annular load-bearing member 11 includes second chords 114 arranged in parallel, and straight web members 115 and diagonal web members 116 arranged between the second chords 114 .

[0057] The intermediate structure 20 is assembled by using the intermediate structure units 21 of modular design. The main structure of the intermediate structure unit 21 is a plate-like structure. Fig. 9 The plate structure adopts a solid structure with regular shapes such as triangles, quadrilaterals, hexagons, etc. The solid structure adopts materials such as wood, engineering plastics, and carbon fiber.

[0058] Third embodiment:

[0059] like Figure 10-12 As shown, in this embodiment, the annular load-bearing member 11 of the external structure 10 is of a grid type, and the grid type annular load-bearing member 11 includes ball nodes 117 and connecting rods 118 distributed in a plane, and each ball node 117 is connected by the connecting rod 118.

[0060] The intermediate structure 20 is assembled by using strip-shaped intermediate structure units 21 or plate-shaped intermediate structure units 21 . For the specific structures, please refer to the first embodiment and the second embodiment respectively, which will not be described in detail here.

[0061] Fourth embodiment:

[0062] like Figure 13-16 As shown, in this embodiment, the annular load-bearing member 11 of the external structure 10 is of a lattice shell type, and the lattice shell type annular load-bearing member 11 includes spatially distributed ball nodes 117 and connecting rods 118, and each ball node 117 is connected by the connecting rod 118. The lattice shell type annular load-bearing member 11 can be a single-layer spherical shape, a double-layer spherical shape, or an ellipsoidal shape.

[0063] The intermediate structure 20 is assembled by plate-shaped intermediate structure units 21, and the main structure of the plate-shaped intermediate structure unit 21 is a triangular solid structure.

[0064] The embodiments of the present invention are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation modes, which are merely illustrative rather than restrictive. Under the guidance of the present invention, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention and the claims, all of which are within the protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-altitude, high-inner-pressure, high-air-tightness, large-span space structure, characterized in that: It includes an external structure, an intermediate structure, an internal structure and a supporting structure; the external structure is a self-balancing structural system formed by a plurality of annular load-bearing members surrounding the intermediate structure along their respective axial arrays, and is the main load-bearing structure, and the structural form of the annular load-bearing members is a string beam, a truss, a grid, a lattice shell or a frame; the intermediate structure is fixedly installed in the external structure, and the intermediate structure is assembled through a number of intermediate structural units, and is a thermal insulation enclosure structure for a large space, and transmits high internal pressure; the internal structure is attached to the intermediate structure to ensure high air tightness of the large space; the internal structure adopts a whole air-film structure with high air tightness, and when the large space is not pressurized, the internal structure can be detached from the intermediate structure, and after the large space is pressurized, the pressure makes the internal structure close to the intermediate structure; the external structure is installed as a whole on the supporting structure, and the external structure does not contact the ground, and the supporting structure is installed on the ground; the shape of the large space surrounded by the external structure, the intermediate structure and the internal structure includes box-shaped, spherical, ellipsoidal, and space curved surfaces with arbitrary curvature.

2. The high-altitude high-inner-pressure high-airtightness large-span space structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The box-shaped space shall be no less than 10 meters long, no less than 10 meters wide, and no less than 5 meters high. The diameter of the spherical space shall be no less than 10 meters. The major and minor axis radii of the ellipsoidal space and spatial surface shall be no less than 10 meters, and the polar axis radius shall be no less than 5 meters.

3. The high-altitude high-inner-pressure high-airtightness large-span space structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: For the box-shaped space, the plurality of annular load-bearing members include three types of annular load-bearing members whose axes are respectively parallel to the length, width and height of the intermediate structure; For spherical space, the multiple annular load-bearing components include two types of annular load-bearing components whose axes pass through the center of the sphere or are parallel to the equatorial plane; for ellipsoidal space and spatial curved surface, the multiple annular load-bearing components include two types of annular load-bearing components whose axes are parallel to the major axis and minor axis of the intermediate structure.

4. The high-altitude high-inner-pressure high-airtightness large-span space structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The material of the annular load-bearing component is high-strength material.

5. The high-altitude high-inner-pressure high-airtightness large-span space structure according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The annular load-bearing member in the form of a tensioned beam structure includes support rods, cables and a first chord, wherein the first chord is distributed along the circumference of the intermediate structure, the support rods are perpendicular to the first chord and are evenly distributed along the chord, and the cables connect the support rods to form an annular structure connected end to end; the annular load-bearing member in the form of a truss structure includes a second chord arranged in parallel, and a straight web member and an oblique web member arranged between the second chord members; the annular load-bearing member in the form of a grid structure includes ball nodes distributed in a plane and connecting rods connecting the ball nodes; the annular load-bearing member in the form of a lattice shell structure includes ball nodes distributed in space and spatial connecting rods connecting the ball nodes; the annular load-bearing member in the form of a frame structure includes a single-layer rod parallel to the length, width or height of the intermediate structure.

6. The high-altitude high-inner-pressure high-airtightness large-span space structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The intermediate structural unit adopts a modular design, including a main structure, and the edges of the main structure are provided with male and female notches or holes that adapt to each other, and the main structures are tightly spliced ​​through the male and female notches or holes.

7. The high-altitude high-inner-pressure high-airtightness large-span space structure according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The main structure is a strip-shaped structure, which includes a cavity structure with a thickness of not less than 200 mm and stiffening ribs arranged inside the cavity structure, and the cavity structure is filled with thermal insulation material.

8. The high-altitude high-inner-pressure high-airtightness large-span space structure according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The main structure is a plate structure, and the plate structure is a solid structure with a regular shape; the material of the plate structure is wood, engineering plastics or carbon fiber.

9. The high-altitude high-inner-pressure high-airtightness large-span space structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The membrane material of the internal structure is a composite material consisting of glass fiber cloth, plastic film or metal fabric and coating.

10. The high-altitude high-inner-pressure high-airtightness large-span space structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The support structure is evenly arranged along the bottom surface of the external structure, the upper end of the support structure is fixedly connected to the external structure, and the lower end is placed on the hardened ground; the support structure can adjust the installation height of the external structure.

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