A phased array transmitting multi-beam antenna system

Abstract

A phased array transmitting multi-beam antenna system, through a new architecture of "frequency division + space division + polarization division", greatly improves the flexibility of using phased array transmitting multi-beam phased array antennas in wireless communication systems. For multiple different-frequency transmitting beams, the multi-frequency division method is adopted so that each beam uses its own power amplifier and all antenna units can participate in the free space beam gain synthesis, thereby reducing the power consumption of each beam, and at the same time avoiding the influence of active intermodulation products between beams on other low-gain antennas in the entire payload system; for multiple same-frequency and same-polarization transmitting beams, the main lobe aliasing and side lobe interference are avoided by space division; for multiple same-frequency and different-polarization transmitting beams, the same-frequency interference is avoided by polarization division.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a phased array transmitting multi-beam antenna system, which improves the use flexibility of the phased array multi-beam antenna and can be used for various wireless communications, especially satellite communication systems, and belongs to the field of electromagnetic radiation technology. Background Art

[0002] Phased array beams can achieve full field of view scanning of the satellite to the ground, with a large beam hopping range; and have the ability to change direction quickly, and control the different weights of the beam forming network at different times, so as to achieve dynamic beam hopping. Therefore, for terminals with wide-area, sparse and diverse distribution characteristics, phased array multi-beam antennas with flexible characteristics such as "multi-beam, beam tracking, beam agility, beam dwell, beam reconstruction, beam zeroing" are the research hotspots of antennas.

[0003] Different from radar systems, communication systems have their own characteristics, so the requirements for phased array antennas are different:

[0004] 1) The communication system is a full-duplex system, so there are high requirements for the isolation of transmission and reception;

[0005] 2) Communication systems generally operate on multiple carriers, and in order to increase the communication rate, high-order modulation methods need to be used, so the nonlinear products of the power amplifier need to be strictly controlled.

[0006] Traditional phased array transmitting multi-beam antennas mainly use power back-off to meet the communication system's requirements for antenna system linearity and isolation. The beam flexibility of this phased array multi-beam antenna system architecture is very limited, which greatly restricts the application of phased array multi-beam antennas in communication satellite systems. Summary of the invention

[0007] The technical problem solved by the present invention is: to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, to provide a "frequency division + space division + polarization division" phased array multi-beam antenna system architecture, to solve the communication system's requirements for antenna system linearity and isolation, and to greatly improve the flexibility of phased array transmitting multi-beam phased array antennas in satellite communication systems.

[0008] The technical solution of the present invention is: a phased array transmitting multi-beam antenna system, characterized by comprising: a dual-polarized antenna array, a multiplexer amplifier array, a multi-beam combiner array and a multi-beam power division network;

[0009] The dual-polarized antenna array is used to radiate two orthogonally polarized electromagnetic waves;

[0010] The multiplexer amplifier array is used to amplify the power of electromagnetic wave signals of different frequencies and output them to the dual-polarized antenna array. Different frequency beams use different power amplifiers. All antenna units in the dual-polarized antenna array participate in the gain synthesis of free space electromagnetic waves.

[0011] The multi-beam combiner array is used to adjust the amplitude and phase of the electromagnetic wave signal of each beam. By adjusting the electromagnetic wave amplitude and phase distribution of different beams in the multi-beam combiner array, the scanning and shape adjustment of all beams in free space and the reasonable distribution of the same-frequency and same-polarization beams in free space are realized;

[0012] The multi-beam power division network is used to distribute the power of the input electromagnetic wave signal. After distributing the input electromagnetic wave signal with equal amplitude and phase, it is output to different antenna units in the dual-polarized antenna array through the multi-beam combiner array and the multiplexer amplifier array with specific frequency, amplitude and phase distribution.

[0013] The dual-polarization antenna array consists of an antenna radiating unit and a polarizer, and can radiate dual linear polarization or dual circular polarization electromagnetic waves.

[0014] The multiplexer amplifier array is composed of a multiplexer component and an amplifier component. Different frequency input ports of the multiplexer component are connected to power amplifiers of corresponding frequencies, and the power outputs of different frequencies are output to the dual-polarization array through the multiplexer output port.

[0015] The multi-beam combiner array consists of a combiner component and a phase-shift attenuator component. Electromagnetic wave signals of different beams and different frequencies are amplitude and phase controlled through the phase-shift attenuator components of their respective beams. At the same time, electromagnetic wave signals of different beams and the same frequency are output to the input port of the multiplexer array of the corresponding frequency through the corresponding combiner component.

[0016] The multi-beam power division network is composed of multiple power division networks, which output the electromagnetic wave signal of each beam to the multi-beam combiner array in an equal amplitude and phase manner.

[0017] The system composed of dual-polarized antenna array, multiplexer amplifier array, multi-beam combiner array and multi-beam power division network is used for the combination of multiple different-frequency, same-frequency, different-polarization and same-polarization transmission beams.

[0018] The system composed of dual-polarized antenna array, multi-beam combiner array and multi-beam power division network is used for multiple co-frequency and heteropolarized transmission beams.

[0019] The antenna system workflow is as follows:

[0020] 1) The electromagnetic wave signals of different beams are fed into the multi-beam power division network, and all beams output N signals with equal amplitude and phase;

[0021] 2) connecting the N equal-amplitude and in-phase signals of the same beam in step 1) to the phase shift attenuator components of the corresponding beams in the multi-beam combiner array, and synthesizing the electromagnetic wave signals of the same frequency and the same array unit through the combiner and sending them to the amplifiers of the same frequency in the multiplexer amplifier array;

[0022] 3) The electromagnetic wave signals of different frequencies in step 2) are output to the dual-polarized antenna array through the multiplexer component in the multiplexer amplifier array and finally radiated into the free space.

[0023] The advantages of the present invention compared with the prior art are:

[0024] (1) For inter-frequency beams, the multi-frequency division architecture can ensure that all antenna elements in the antenna array participate in the spatial gain synthesis of each transmit beam, thereby reducing the power consumption of each beam and avoiding the generation of active intermodulation products that affect other low-gain antennas in the payload system. The intermodulation suppression between inter-frequency beams is greater than 80dBc.

[0025] (2) For co-frequency and co-polarization beams, the main lobe aliasing and side lobe interference are avoided through the space division architecture, and the C / I between co-frequency beams is greater than 12 dB;

[0026] (3) For co-frequency but different-polarization beams, co-frequency interference is avoided through the polarization separation architecture, and the polarization isolation is greater than 20 dB. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 This is the architecture diagram of the 16-beam transmitting phased array system.

[0028] Figure 2 This is the simulation result of the frequency division quadplexer.

[0029] Figure 3 This is the simulation result of spatial isolation of co-frequency and co-polarization beams. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention has a terminal with wide-area, sparse and diverse distribution characteristics, and a phased array multi-beam antenna with flexible characteristics such as "multi-beam, beam tracking, beam agility, beam dwell, beam reconstruction, and beam zeroing", which is a research hotspot for antennas. Traditional phased array transmitting multi-beam antennas mainly use power back-off to meet the communication system's requirements for antenna system linearity and isolation. The beam flexibility of this phased array multi-beam antenna system architecture is very limited, which greatly limits the application of phased array multi-beam antennas in communication satellite systems. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a new type of phased array transmitting multi-beam antenna system design.

[0031] The present invention discloses a phased array transmitting multi-beam antenna system, comprising: a dual-polarized antenna array 1, a multiplexer amplifier array 2, a multi-beam combiner array 3 and a multi-beam power division network 4;

[0032] The dual-polarized antenna array 1 is used to radiate two orthogonally polarized electromagnetic waves;

[0033] The multiplexer amplifier array 2 is used to amplify the power of electromagnetic wave signals of different frequencies and output them to the dual-polarized antenna array 1. Different frequency beams use different power amplifiers. All antenna units in the dual-polarized antenna array 1 participate in the gain synthesis of free space electromagnetic waves.

[0034] The multi-beam combiner array 3 is used to adjust the amplitude and phase of the electromagnetic wave signal of each beam. By adjusting the electromagnetic wave amplitude and phase distribution of different beams in the multi-beam combiner array 3, the scanning and shape adjustment of all beams in free space and the reasonable distribution of the same-frequency and same-polarization beams in free space are realized;

[0035] The multi-beam power division network 4 is used for power distribution of input electromagnetic wave signals, and distributes the input electromagnetic wave signals with equal amplitude and phase, and then outputs them to different antenna units in the dual-polarized antenna array 1 through the multi-beam combiner array 3 and the multiplexer amplifier array 2 with specific frequency, amplitude and phase distribution;

[0036] The system workflow is as follows:

[0037] (i) Electromagnetic wave signals of different beams are fed into the multi-beam power division network 4, and all beams output N channels of signals with equal amplitude and phase;

[0038] (ii) connecting the N equal-amplitude and in-phase signals of the same beam in the working process (i) to the phase shift attenuator components of the corresponding beams in the multi-beam combiner array 3, and synthesizing the electromagnetic wave signals of the same frequency and the same array unit through the combiner and sending them to the amplifiers of the same frequency of the multiplexer amplifier array 2;

[0039] (iii) The electromagnetic wave signals of different frequencies in the working process (ii) are output to the dual-polarized antenna array through the multiplexer component in the multiplexer amplifier array 2 and finally radiated into the free space.

[0040] The dual-polarization antenna array 1 is composed of an antenna radiation unit and a polarizer, and can radiate dual-linear polarization or dual-circular polarization electromagnetic waves.

[0041] The multiplexer amplifier array 2 is composed of a multiplexer component and an amplifier component. Different frequency input ports of the multiplexer component are connected to power amplifiers of corresponding frequencies, and the power outputs of different frequencies are output to the dual-polarization array through the multiplexer output ports.

[0042] The multi-beam combiner array 3 is composed of a combiner component and a phase-shift attenuator component. Electromagnetic wave signals of different beams and different frequencies are amplitude- and phase-controlled through the phase-shift attenuator components of their respective beams. At the same time, electromagnetic wave signals of different beams and the same frequency are output to the input port of the multiplexer array 2 of the corresponding frequency through the corresponding combiner component.

[0043] The multi-beam power division network 4 is composed of a plurality of power division networks, and outputs the electromagnetic wave signal of each beam to the multi-beam combiner array 3 in a manner of equal amplitude and phase.

[0044] The system composed of dual-polarized antenna array 1, multiplexer amplifier array 2, multi-beam combiner array 3 and multi-beam power division network 4 is used for the combination of multiple different-frequency, same-frequency, different-polarization and same-polarization transmission beams.

[0045] The invention is characterized in that the system composed of a dual-polarized antenna array 1, a multi-beam combiner array 3 and a multi-beam power division network 4 is used for multiple same-frequency and different-polarized transmission beams.

[0046] The following is attached according to the instruction manual Figure 1-3 The present invention is described in detail.

[0047] A phased array transmitting multi-beam antenna system, comprising: a dual-polarized antenna array 1, a multiplexer amplifier array 2, a multi-beam combiner array 3 and a multi-beam power division network 4;

[0048] The dual-polarized antenna array 1 is used to radiate two orthogonally polarized electromagnetic waves;

[0049] The multiplex amplifier array 2 is used to amplify the power of electromagnetic wave signals of different frequencies and transmit them to the dual-polarization antenna array 1;

[0050] The multi-beam combiner array 3 is used to adjust the amplitude and phase of each beam electromagnetic wave signal to achieve beam scanning and shape adjustment in free space;

[0051] The multi-beam power division network 4 is used for power distribution of input electromagnetic wave signals, and distributes the input electromagnetic wave signals to different antenna units in the dual-polarization antenna array 1 .

[0052] According to the design schematic, a specific design example is given. Combined with the attached drawings, the specific description is as follows:

[0053] like Figure 1As shown, a phased array transmitting multi-beam antenna system includes a dual-polarized antenna array 1, a multiplexer amplifier array 2, a multi-beam combiner array 3 and a multi-beam power division network 4, which can simultaneously realize 16 transmitting beams (4 frequencies×2 polarizations×2 beam space division): 2 left-hand circular polarization beams of 19.975 GHz, 2 left-hand circular polarization beams of 20.425 GHz, 2 left-hand circular polarization beams of 20.675 GHz and 2 left-hand circular polarization beams of 21.125 GHz; 2 right-hand circular polarization beams of 19.975 GHz, 2 right-hand circular polarization beams of 20.425 GHz, 2 right-hand circular polarization beams of 20.675 GHz and 2 right-hand circular polarization beams of 21.125 GHz. Each beam has a bandwidth of 150 MHz.

[0054] The dual-polarized antenna array 1 includes 64 identical antenna units, the operating frequency is 19-21 GHz, covering all four frequencies, and the polarization is simultaneous left-hand and right-hand circular polarization.

[0055] Multiplexer array 2 contains 128 identical quadplexers and 512 power amplifiers. The center operating frequencies of the quadplexers are 19.975 GHz, 20.425 GHz, 20.675 GHz, and 21.125 GHz, respectively. The operating bandwidth is 150 MHz, and the insertion loss within the band is less than 1 dB. The simulation results are shown in Figure 2 shown.

[0056] The multi-beam combiner array 3 contains 512 two-in-one networks and 1024 amplitude and phase control chips. By controlling the values ​​of the two amplitude and phase control chips in the same frequency and polarization beams, the beam centers of the two same frequency and same beams are made greater than 1.2°, thereby ensuring that the communication system interference suppression is greater than 12dB. The simulation results are shown in Figure 3 shown.

[0057] The multi-beam power division network 4 consists of 16 1-to-64 power distribution networks, operating at a frequency of 19 to 21 GHz, covering all four frequencies.

Claims

1. A phased array transmitting multi-beam antenna system, characterized in that include: Dual-polarized antenna array (1), multiplexer amplifier array (2), multi-beam combiner array (3) and multi-beam power division network (4); The dual-polarized antenna array (1) is used to radiate two orthogonally polarized electromagnetic waves; The multiplex amplifier array (2) is used to amplify the power of electromagnetic wave signals of different frequencies and output them to the dual-polarized antenna array (1). Different power amplifiers are used for beams of different frequencies. All antenna units in the dual-polarized antenna array (1) participate in the gain synthesis of free-space electromagnetic waves. The multi-beam combiner array (3) is used to adjust the amplitude and phase of the electromagnetic wave signal of each beam. By adjusting the electromagnetic wave amplitude and phase distribution of different beams in the multi-beam combiner array (3), scanning and shape adjustment of all beams in free space and reasonable distribution of co-frequency and co-polarization beams in free space are achieved; The multi-beam power division network (4) is used for power distribution of input electromagnetic wave signals, and distributes the input electromagnetic wave signals with equal amplitude and phase, and then outputs them to different antenna units in the dual-polarized antenna array (1) through the multi-beam combiner array (3) and the multiplexer amplifier array (2) with specific frequency, amplitude and phase distribution; The dual-polarization antenna array (1) is composed of an antenna radiation unit and a polarizer, and can radiate dual-linear polarization or dual-circular polarization electromagnetic waves; The multiplexer amplifier array (2) is composed of a multiplexer component and an amplifier component. Different frequency input ports of the multiplexer component are connected to power amplifiers of corresponding frequencies, and power outputs of different frequencies are output to the dual-polarization array through the multiplexer output port. A system consisting of a dual-polarized antenna array (1), a multiplexer amplifier array (2), a multi-beam combiner array (3) and a multi-beam power division network (4) is used for combining multiple different-frequency, same-frequency, different-polarization and same-polarization transmission beams.

2. The phased array transmitting multi-beam antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-beam combiner array (3) is composed of a combiner component and a phase shift attenuator component. Electromagnetic wave signals of different beams and different frequencies are amplitude and phase controlled through the phase shift attenuator components of their respective beams. At the same time, electromagnetic wave signals of different beams and the same frequency are output to the input port of the multiplexer amplifier array (2) of the corresponding frequency through the corresponding combiner component.

3. The phased array transmitting multi-beam antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-beam power division network (4) is composed of a plurality of power division networks, and outputs the electromagnetic wave signal of each beam to the multi-beam combiner array (3) in a manner of equal amplitude and same phase.

4. The phased array transmitting multi-beam antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A system consisting of a dual-polarized antenna array (1), a multi-beam combiner array (3) and a multi-beam power division network (4) is used for multiple co-frequency and heteropolarized transmission beams.

5. The phased array transmitting multi-beam antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multiplexer amplifier array (2) comprises 128 identical quadplexers and 512 power amplifiers. The central operating frequencies of the quadplexers are 19.975 GHz, 20.425 GHz, 20.675 GHz and 21.125 GHz respectively. The operating bandwidth is 150 MHz and the in-band insertion loss is less than 1 dB.

6. The phased array transmitting multi-beam antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna system workflow is as follows: 1) Electromagnetic wave signals of different beams are fed into a multi-beam power division network (4), and all beams output N channels of signals with equal amplitude and phase; 2) connecting the N equal-amplitude and in-phase signals of the same beam in step 1) to the phase shift attenuator components of the corresponding beams in the multi-beam combiner array (3), and synthesizing the electromagnetic wave signals of the same frequency and the same array unit through the combiner and sending them to the amplifier of the same frequency in the multiplex amplifier array (2); 3) The electromagnetic wave signals of different frequencies in step 2) are output to the dual-polarized antenna array through the multiplexer component in the multiplexer amplifier array (2) and finally radiated to the free space.

7. A phased array transmitting multi-beam antenna system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The antenna system can simultaneously realize 16 transmitting beams: 2 left-hand circularly polarized beams at 19.975 GHz, 2 left-hand circularly polarized beams at 20.425 GHz, 2 left-hand circularly polarized beams at 20.675 GHz and 2 left-hand circularly polarized beams at 21.125 GHz; 2 right-hand circularly polarized beams at 19.975 GHz, 2 right-hand circularly polarized beams at 20.425 GHz, 2 right-hand circularly polarized beams at 20.675 GHz and 2 right-hand circularly polarized beams at 21.125 GHz; each beam has a bandwidth of 150 MHz.

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